Document LpgRoZ3e0jXO9v0DYO3ra2zQ5

HWBUI0005890 <vr **v v \ \i ;/A \ ASBESTOS INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION INTRODUCTION The prime object of this Association is to encourage and facilitate the endeavours of its members to eliminate risks to health, occupational and environmental, arising from the use of asbestos. Many countries have official regulations and guide lines which producers, manufacturers and consumers are required to observe in order to prevent such risks occurring, and progressively the standards stipulated are being achieved. In the course of applying these requirements much practical experience has been acquired, and the interchange of such knowledge and the maximising of control techniques is seen as the principle means by which our members can attain our prime objective. There are still areas where official guidance has not been provided, and others where the problems of applying statutory requirements are new and may appear formidable. The Asbestos International Association believes that it has an opportunity and a responsibility to provide what help it can to those concerned with this problem from the wide experience of its members, and has decided therefore to produce a series of advisory publications for this purpose. We wish to remind readers of two important points. First, in considering any recommendations in the AIA publications these should be related to the specific legal requirements in the country concerned. It is clearly not possible in such publications to relate the recommendations in every respect to the specific detailed regulations in each state. Nevertheless, the greater part of existing laws on the subject calls for similar forms of control and where no official regulation exists we advise that action should be based on the recommendation of the ILO meeting of experts on the safe use of asbestos, December 1973. Secondly, the development of techniques of control is a continuous process, and we hope that the efforts we are undertaking will help to accelerate the process. Techniques which are recommended have reached their present stage as a result of interchange of ideas and practical experience between international experts in the asbestos industry, plant manufacturers, government agencies and many others. It will certainly be necessary regularly to up-date and amend these publications in the light of new ideas and criticisms. All such will be welcomed and will be given full consideration during revision stages. Asbestos International Association 68 Gloucester Place, London W1H 3HL, England. Telephone: 01-486 3528 Telex: 298618 INTA G 11 August 1979 HWBUI0005891 AIA Health and Safety Publication Recommended Control Procedure No.3 (RCP3) Asbestos Waste Materials Asbestos Waste Materials CONTENTS 1. Asbestos waste 2. Types of asbestos waste 3. Collection of waste 3.1 Fine dust 3.2 Loose fibre, swarf and floor sweepings 3.3 Wet waste in the form of sludge or slurry 3.4 Waste from fixing or removal of thermal insulation or of sprayed insulation containing asbestos 3.5 Offcuts, broken pieces and rejects of friable materials 3.6 Offcuts, broken pieces and rejects from high-density products 3.7 Empty sacks or bags 3.8 Labelling 3.9 Isolation of asbestos waste 4. Disposal of waste 4.1 In transit 4.2 At disposal site 4.3 Personal protection and hygiene 5. Waste disposal instructions 1. Asbestos waste 1.1 This document givesrthe recommended procedures for handling and disposing of asbestos waste. However, one should not overlook the most effective and economic method of control, that is, the avoidance of waste. Some types of asbestos waste can be re-cycled or can provide raw material for a different product. The creation of waste may be minimised by improved production techniques. 1.2 There is general agreement that the occupational hazards associated with asbestos arise through the excessive inhalation of respirable asbestos fibres. There is no evidence at the present time of any harmful effects due to the ingestion (swallowing) of asbestos from drinking water. Therefore, the methods of waste disposal recommended concentrate on the need to avoid the escape into the atmosphere of unacceptable levels of respirable asbestos dust from the waste material: 1.2.1 During collection. 1.2.2 During transit to the disposal site. 1.2.3 When finally deposited. 3. Collection of waste 3.1 Fine dust. Fine dust may be produced from material conveyors, mixing equipment or by such processes as sawing, sanding or machining. 3.1.1 The dust is collected by installed extraction systems. The air is filtered and the dust collected in hoppers which are normally fitted with bagging-off outlets. These outlets should be designed to make bag changing easy and dust leakage minimal. 2. Types of asbestos waste 2.1 It is important to consider the different types of asbestos waste which may be encountered. They will generally fall into one or other of the following categories: 2.1.1 Fine dust--from dust control equipment, filter units, vacuum cleaners. 2.1.2 Loose fibre, swarf, floor sweepings, etc. 2.1.3 Wet waste in the form of sludge, slurry, lumps, and/or pellets containing asbestos. 2.1.4 Waste material from the fixing or removal of thermal insulation or sprayed insulation containing asbestos. 2.1.5 Offcuts, broken pieces and rejects from friable materials. 2.1.6 Offcuts, broken pieces and rejects from high-density products, where the asbestos is firmly bonded with other materials, e.g. asbestos cement, moulded plastics, etc. 2.1.7 EmDty sacks or bags which have contained loose asbestos fibres or mixtures containing asbestos fibres. 3.1.2 Polyethylene bags of adequate strength for good handling are recommended so that the dust level can be seen and the bag changed before it is over-filled (200 gauge polyethylene, double sealed at bottom, has been found satisfactory). 3.1.3 Other types of impermeable bags such as multi-wall paper sacks may be acceptable, if there is no risk of deterioration (e.g. by wetting) before disposal. When filled, the bags should be sealed so as to prevent the escape of dust during subsequent handling. 3.1.4 Polyethylene bags should be twisted tightly, folded over and the neck secured in the folded position by wire tie, adhesive tape of other equally effective method. Paper bags should be folded over twice and stapled along the folded edge. 3.1.5 Approved respirators and suitable protective clothing must be worn when changing bags on a dust collector. In some cases, dust is removed by wet collectors. The resultant slurry is dealt with in 4.1.3 below. 3.2 Loose fibre, swarf and floor sweepings 3.2.1 Loose fibre is often handled by fixed extraction systems and filter units in the same way as fine dust. It can also accumulate in fibre-testing laboratories Wherever possible, such material should be consumed in the production process. j HWBUI0005892 3.2.2 Swarf accumulates around and under machines and on floors. Cleaning around machines and the collection of swarf should be carried out by the use of vacuum cleaners suitable for asbestos or by other dustless methods. Where vacuum cleaners are used, they should be fitted with disposable paper or plastic bags rather than fabric dust-bags which would require emptying. 3.2.3 Loose material collected by other means should be placed in impermeable bags and sealed, as in 3.1.2 to 3.1.4 above. 3.2.4 Information and recommendations concerning suitable dust-collecting machines can be provided upon request. 3.3 Wet waste in the form of sludge or slurry containing asbestos 3.3.1 Waste asbestos in the form of sludge or slurries likely to arise from industrial processes (e g. board making) should only be transported in purposebuilt vehicles. These should be such as to prevent spillage of liquid which may subsequently dry out and from which unacceptable quantities of asbestos dust might be released (see 4.1.3 and 4.2.5 below). 3.4 Waste materials from fixing or removal of (1) thermal insulation or (2) sprayed insulationcontalningasbestos 3.4.1 Waste material from fixing or stripping operations can be conveniently collected on polyethylene sheeting which is subsequently folded to form a sealed container. 3.4.2 Where such material has been allowed to fall on floors, it should be thoroughly damped before sweeping up and the damped material should be placed in impermeable bags or other disposable receptacles and sealed, as in 3.1.2 to 3.1.4 above. 3.4.3 In some cases, removal may be effected by the use of large quantities of water so that a sluriy is created. In this case the wet material may be more conveniently collected and removed in special containers (see 4.1,3 below) 3.5 Offcuts, broken pieces and rejects of friable materials 3.5.1 By `friable' we mean material, usually of low density, which is fragile and breaks easily into small pieces. 3.5.2 The variety of shapes and sizes of offcuts, rejects, etc., in different factories calls for individual collection and disposal methods. Where possible, provision should be made in the design of machines for the automatic removal of offcuts, etc., and their collection in disposable receptacles which can be removed and sealed as described in 3.1.2 to 3.1.4 above. Wherever practicable, effort should be made to re-process such material into the end product. 3.5.3 When automatic removal and collection is impracticable, suitable receptacles must be provided. Attention should be given to the following requirements: (a) Receptacles must be capable of being closed so as to prevent the escape of dust. (b) If, during use, dust arises from the mouth of the receptacle, a dust extraction hood should be provided to prevent the uncontrolled escape of dust into the work-place. (c) The supply of receptacles should be sufficient to prevent overfilling and to be conveniently available to the work-place. (d) Regular removal of full receptacles and replacement by empty ones should be arranged. 3.5.4 Offcuts and rejects may sometimes need to be broken down to a more convenient size for collection. Wherever possible this should be done mechanically with adequately ventilated equipment. 3.5.5 When this is not possible, methods should be devised to reduce the creation of dust as far as possible (for example, by wetting) and the work should be performed in an area from which asbestos dust cannot escape to other working-areas. Employees engaged in this work must be issued with approved respirators and protective clothing. 3.6 Offcuts, broken pieces and rejects from high-density products such as asbestos cement, moulded plastic materials, etc. 3.6.1 Waste material of this kind does not normally give rise to the emission of dangerous dust and in such cases need not be placed in special receptacles. Where such material is kept separate from other asbestos waste, it may be stored in a suitable area to await transport and disposal as detailed in 4 below. 3.7 Sacks or bags which have contained asbestos 3.7.1 Sacks or bags which have contained loose asbestos fibres, or mixtures including loose asbestos fibres, should be deposited in a suitable receptacle (see 3.5.3 above) immediately after being emptied. 3.7.2 For disposal (as in 4 below) the sacks or bags should be bundled, under a dust extraction hood, and then sealed in an impermeable bag as in 3.1.2 to 3.1.4 above. 3.7.3 A further method of plastic bag disposal is to melt it. By melting the empty plastic bags and wrappers, the asbestos residue becomes embedded in the melted plastic. As a result of the asbestos being 'locked in', it should be possible to dispose of this material in any normal disposal site. Specific lowvolume melting equipment, which can be employed at individual bag-opening stations, is in development. 3.7.4 In no case should these bags be re-used for packing or for any purpose other than that described at 3.7.5 below. 3.7.5 Bags can be re-used for re-cycling or incorporation in some end products (see AIA RCP4) provided that the re-using plant is aware of the need for controls when handling asbestos. 3.8 Labelling It is recommended that all waste materials in categories 3.1 to 3.7 above be identified by a label or by imprint on the disposal receptacle as "Asbestos Waste -- for Disposal as Instructed". Where the waste is of a dusty nature, the additional words "Do not inhale Dust" is recommended. 3.9 Isolation of asbestos waste Care should be taken not to mix asbestos waste with other waste material for which there are no special disposal requirements (e g. common factory refuse). Ensure that bags containing asbestos are not exposed to damage from trucks, etc., likely to cause spillage. Where possible, a separate store area is recommended for asbestos waste awaiting disposal. HWBUI0005893 4. Disposal of waste 4.1 In transit 4.1.1 Asbestos waste, whether loose or in sealed receptacles, should be disposed of in such a way that no dust is emitted into the air during transport, or in the act of dumping or subsequently. Waste which is adequately contained in impermeable bags or other sealed receptacles does not require special transport. 4.1.2 Special containers can be obtained which, when filled, are removed by specially fitted road vehicles direct to a disposal site. Care must be taken to prevent the emission of dust from these containers. 4.1.3 Wet waste should be transported to the disposal area in sludge-tankers or similar vehicles. Before use for other purposes, all vehicles and containers should be cleared of loose fibre or dust, by vacuum cleaning, watering or other dustless methods. 4.1.4 In the event of accidental spillage (for example, as the result of a road accident) during transport to the disposal site, the action to be taken will depend upon the type of waste involved and the extent of the spillage. 4.1.4.1 Where the amount of the spilled material is small, the waste should be re-collected into its original container and re-loaded by the driver without delay. 4.1.4.2 In the event of substantial spillage, it may be necessary to seek assistance and certain precautions will need to be taken. Should the material be dusty, it should be contained as quickly as possible by covering or wetting or both. The spilled material should be removed as quickly as possible, safety precautions being observed according to the nature of the waste. 4.1.5 Written instructions on the action to be taken in the event of accidental spillage should be issued to drivers of vehicles used for carrying asbestos waste. 4.2 At disposal site 4.2.1 It should be clearly established in advance that the site to be used is suitable and acceptable for reception of the type of waste to be delivered. 4.2.2 The waste should be deposited at a disposal site where there is vehicular access to the working face. 4.2.3 All asbestos waste, when deposited on land-fill sites, should be so deposited that, on completion of the site filling, the asbestos waste is covered to such an extent that, under normal circumstances, the asbestos will not be exposed by subsequent excavation. A depth of at least 25 cm is recommended during daily covering until the final covering is made, when a much greater depth will be required. 4.2.4 Certain water-filled sites may be suitable for the disposal of particular types of asbestos. 4.2.5 The disposal of wet waste on a dry waste disposal site may be acceptable provided that the quantities are not excessive. 4.2.6 Whilst it is accepted that waste from high-density materials such as asbestos cement, moulded plastic materials, etc., is not likely to produce a dust hazard when dumped, a hazard may arise subsequently if the waste is subjected to pounding by vehicles passing over it. In general, therefore, the methods of disposal described above should also be adopted for this type of waste. 4.3 Personal protection and hygiene 4.3.1 Any persons who in the course of their work of collecting, transporting or disposal may be exposed to a higher level than the accepted TLV of respirable asbestos dust, must be provided with suitable protection. 4.3.2 Vehicles and re-usable receptacles and covers must be cleaned after use so that they are free of residual asbestos dust. 5. Waste disposal instructions 5.1 Where a firm itself disposes of its asbestos waste, written instructions based upon these recommendations should be issued to the staff concerned. 5.2 If a waste disposal contractor is employed, the relevant terms of these recommendations should be incorporated in the contract. 5.3 The contract should state clearly that the waste disposal contractor is responsible for observing the recommended precautions at the disposal site. 5.4 Firms should make periodic checks to ensure that the contractor is obeying instructions." HWBUI0005894 c-r^z-njsc^.;.Lr,':bDMci /-.< Member Associations AUSTRALIA' c a L. 'V /-anur -.1 Assoc P'\ Lid ; 99 Vo:i. Sheet SyC"ev 2CG0 \SW AUSTRIA '* it. - . 'ji.vv-i, ' Asc'.eo ''Abt-sVi'mc-.-t it)' i-anten Prmz Lugon i)"-ssse 6 r....... "m 31: 'ELIA (Rcr a <r CihOi'lands-tu:;smbourg) >:'! ' "-a: or ne 1 .Armanre V r L 3 Iff f "1/ <- ; & A 32 9 A.1 , Oi Owi.dt <'4* '-lo.i iviHing Association 999 Or ' 'jo A1 fie F`t M's'--i Oae'>or r3iR2fv toii.'-i 'i-U-. .11 .i sea 91 c9 3 :r Da' r% >1 !(,. 1. s ) r,aeon Group P O Box /<' ">r t/'u'D ! - A -n< '.A I' 'O'mation Group Telex' 62220 Pkpa'sf DR Ai''C: ''."qoof-.T. Fj so1.- oo : Amiaote ' , Ri o -i Pc-p n O't C :Ri -.A.r'V '"/'fschaftsvercanc Asoestzement e V. Goomtze" St'asse ! 2; A>-0 .aeoss 7172 >u;D IRELAND . ^,>4 r or." . - -rv VOC-t S' 'I'-RERLaND ITALY Assoc a/iene Nazonaie fncustnah Arruanben Un'one incius:r>a:e Via Fan! 17 10128 Torino Ieiepnone 571 g/.Ja Telex 23064 1 UNINDUTO Assocemento via d: S Teresa 23 00198 Roma Telephone 864 314.865 068 JAPAN AIA Committee Japan Asbestos Association 8' !0 7 Gmza Ch:,.o hu Tokyo NORWAY Norwegian Asbestos information Group Norcem AB, 3470 Stemmestad REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA South African Asbestos Producers Advisory Committee PC) Bo* 10505 J, h mreupura 2000 Ti r N < ' r i 458 T> > n 82 SPAIN Asocianon Esoanoia de Fabncantes de Productos de Amianto !via D>az de Haro 38 Apaoado 558 B^tac ''0, Tr>`eon' 'x* 437 77 05 O-e/ 32'25 Vionsa E Av.. -a:z sanies ce p'scuctus as Am amo-Ce-memo 5.30'. Ca- m `6 '/'tiw'c' i 1 :.)i s> cede;-' UNITED KINGDOM Asbestos Information Centre SackvNe House 40 P.ccadiily !. onnod W1 7 SPA Telephone. 01-439 9231/2/3 Telex 21120 ref 2526 US. A. Asbestos Information Association/NA i 745 Jefferson Davis Highway Crystal Square Suite 509 Arlington Virginia 22202 Telephone 1703 > 979 1150 T eiex Additional Members since 3 > May 78 GREECE Hellenic Asbestos & Asbestos Cement 7msor ,.t o' " 0"i 'i n. 5'rf-el Am. v ij. . , /1 744 r 'ia m i .dt c njnnes'a Malaysia. V a A-. r ; arc! S nyapere Asbestos International Association 68 Gloucester Place. London W1H 3HL, England. Telephone: 01-486 3528 Telex: 298818 INTA G a c -i.m a r D . - . -sac-'-na`v a HWBUI0005895 HWBUI0005896