Document LpdQBvYQO3arJ60ZOBxJOw265

FILE NAME: Westinghouse (WH) DATE: 1943 Jan DOC#: WH508 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Journal Article - Safety in Handling Aluminum Powders * I II i ' I J4 l \ i . fatidiifiuute. s. d. fcBtfuKicfc........... ra# JAMES Jt. EES................ Mnno^iu? Ctfiior TO20QO8S *. 0UYBoo,.JIorfate Sdlter irony k baxhs..... ...WarkaiMifor JOHNB* cmULKAK .... 4cfctttMEdifo* NORMfitf G. FAHQDHAA .Asstoiutl &btar IfefiTEA b. POMS............ Jufrteal falter JNURYx 1343 Nliukir, Our Tear II of World War II.................................................... 75 EPMOMM rOBEWCU EDI7HU1 &B*SENTAnVE9 & SXTlTESEB., t *r < t . W ebt * . 6 . M eB B ID C ... ,, ,W * iil* g to 0 EASTS M b tiU H lt..................... .Altaota Waste Disposal Problems In Wartime..................................... Sy f . W . M OKLKKN Safety ln Handling Aluminum Powders................... . I r G . K , BftBOOCK 4 r. i . KEtH W lCCH 78 ' 82 Progress Report l the Rubber Director................................... 88 M. A. ' WnXWMSON , . fribifetinr d is t r ic t m a n a g e s * ' E. W. JBEDElt ............ ................New YerX Selection ol Pomps for Oleum and Strong Sulphuric A cid.. .. 86 Br WXilD E. PSKT ' B . G fX E D C U C C ................. J fP ir Tarfe FRED G R A N T ......................... C Jrw tom l . U A* COM JNGHAM ................. Cbictrpn Effect of the Kinetic Energy Term In Gas Flow Calculations.. SO Hr- BEHJRMH MULBB ` W . P rB O Y D , , Tr. ............ . . t , . .to te n J. &. VAN BSDAEE.. . , PAfladefchia Nylon Research Wins Its War Wings...................................... 4 E s tro s m . s u i t ti& O fti I I Manufacture of Butadiene From Ethyl Alcohol--H -............... 94 Pufelisbetl wwtfbly* Pik 53 nnts p*r npr ir J. A. sums at t. moves ' Adilrui canHAmlnHo *tA>M?}p* tlem La D ire ct ad Cbcuhxtliiifa O m n . i M ftU 3SD VfmH 4 t S lH Y<nk* V . Y. Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining in Chemical B o b fln ip ita c ratest RTpillod Stete*, M*t6C*, C*n\l (Md SoufH. AnuLatutn eMuittiei $3 Industry ......... ...................................................>.................. 99 a esc. * Mcr. jo o o b t ' i o yitt, $i (bt tb y*tm, D Ua thrn I -yatut. ConoAtf, 53,50 o yatfr. & I lWfl y N a r 9< fo r I b w rM m Ipajrabte lt Ca* trte* le n tis), G rM l B itto l ad f rtlW Chrome Tanning Leather............. I P o H M itn w , Sft ihlU tepa tt yen r, SC ib S U iy i a c h e m . * p m . m c ru a s o rooW EH CET lor ym All tftei WwHH. 45 a I yocov 19 iB r lk iM y n n . E aieted laufend Int Milet 9Ptenb*r 4, )btl at Ptni Chen. & W*t VJral Notebook . . 81 PAtBCttBAtteo. . ............................>137 1I O M W UL A fe a oy, N . ff. 5. A W w kr ri PracKnt Equljmwml Horn . . . IB7 Mc4ittg tm d C o o fe a lta u 14A I N w H 9/ J4?4 C fe ltM ls o n iif t o lr |M3,*r Kaflxnr-aUl PnbOahlof Cwxpttey. ' Cbtinlad EqglMBriag Nows LI8 Wewe Fla Airwd . . * 158 j ins 5 t M b Oll]**l Q 9 X M lh I C d lV n A v ra w . Chicago; N > l 3 lm lt Ban Eren* Nvwr Frcim Wasbingutn . , 121 C boia 6 Ml. - . . . 167 I 1 duDi JUiwrA Mosa, ASdwrthj ) m4ba bsrjnatiBg WoritbjllfHl > IN C b^u^cal Ecouomlctt an d Moricete 17S w . a I y t u M avkfet t t W u t e lt o trr* . Nw Pfodual* and Idotoitfil * 12S C u n r o t Frttfe* , * . . s . 187 lm d | ftM ta lii S|i la iA ir I w t it f )9 JUw qlSl JUtata From tho Log I Expulotttti t * 199 Bi\r 'Cob&tnwBon 196 A Index to adTt(l*r wUl 1 found om 2 McGRAW*mtt mVSHTNG O,, INC* ' JAM ES 7L McORAW / F oundv and Souo to ff CfaAlMU) t^ ibU0aUi-O Sko .... t i l t f M otA D xm dw nr, A U em r. St. Y* f^ nrlat and D tfis* i 599 W *vl B trn l nvr Yocfc, R . Y . MME5 Ht MtGfcJW, Jr ...........,PMundmt KO W A & D ER !U .T C B.& irii!iTV to.Frt*l*aB i M ACON SR lT iO W .... .w ...V lw F# w t6 * * t 6 A. P V lS A K t.. .................... Y f a u iro i j. A . GE8ANDI.OO ... ............ foM AU t/j I H. bUhCCKTSN, T Dfeeutor ot ChtculaHon ' MasnbBI JU6.P. MmbC AJLG> CuVfo address M tGttAW iD M s, JTow York i M oGHAW -HILL PUBU8H1NG CO M PAHT 830 Weal 4W 6tb New Yorft , Y. plkSQta) M rawnl*6 ftBf ' P le a t e b a stf* fe y o d dffrfe 8 CtuBHCfll d Engfoeeitno . M eltnniftfical F f e . . . . . . ............... ..V . , , > . . . . . . 0 . 0 W ................ To I | **3K>MUtl S 0 i e S f i i M a iid Im fT M S M m s s m P o w d e r s Gr. M. BABCOCK a n d F. B. R EtH W ISC H Reynoidi Metals Co,, UulsrJJIe. Ey. ................... --- Chem. & Met. tH T E B m rT A T T O M " - ;.... " Except iw -those people who work constapfly with alnnvmum powders, sufficient respect for the explosibillfy .of tiiis material does pot appear to .exist. With tire present widespread, -use cl aluminum powders for the manufacture of military pyrotechnics, need has developed for (he mors widespread dissemination of information an sa le practices in their handling and in manufacturing pyrotechnics. The article which follows ts based on the experience gained by the Reynolds Meted* Co. in many years of producing and handling mdaille powders and is offered as a starting point in the develop ment of safety programs for concerns engaged in Dr beginning opera tions fa pyrotechnic w ort. Certain fundamental precautions are dis cussed by the authors a s a sendee, to the Industry, hut neither they nor their company assume liability of any kind in presenting this information.--Ediiws. F IukKlv ATjUMIHTM POW ER, BOHH'- should he stored unopened in n sep wirat similar to the ra&tertsl arate urea whsiever possible, stow etinunonly used in ulummum paintif they are stored along with such tinder the mthei' misleading name of felnminun brnnue powde^ 1 is a valuable component of pyroteohnto cheuunla ` qs sulphur, nitrate* and others of similar character, a Are from any eause would present a most mixtures used for flares Mid signalsTlitr- high surface $* of a given serious problem, Whatever s drum of alunununt powder is opened for weight of aluminum flake powder lauding or inspeetion, it should ha makes it easily tgnitible When in the presence of oxygen or air.- Burning, it evolves v tremendous luiumnt of beat and light. Owing .to Us low uppnrenl drasily, .fine particles of (nosed und re-snnlefl us suon as pos sible. This not only insures greater safety against Are from extern! causes hut el limits the likelihood ot tramp material getting into the the material tend to float in air with . powder, ot of the powder absorbing Urn Attendant danger of violent ex water from the air. In one in*tones plosion nponIgnition, when a proper a sealed drum of fluke alumismui ratio of nhramiun to oxygen is -withstood an alunununt dust explo reached, sion and eubaeipient fire without ' A. somewhat different nlummum ignition of the drum contents, powder, the grained variety, consists Thuro ant tew practical -means of o f spheres, iaosege nhapw nr irre exttaguiabtog firm involving alumi gular grains of nJomimim. vtnoh are num powder or mixtures containing relatively hard to ignite. When ruined ' this powder. Anything which tends with exygoB.prailnisng compounds, too grained powder -ill lnc.11 vltli the evolution of maoh heat sad light. to disturb die burning mass may threw the aluminum into the aiv usd result in a violent explosion of we-- This material, however, has a high mondbns destructive power. It is apparent density end low sarfuoe tone tout dry sand, carefully placed area which wads to keep it from over a pDe of burning aluuusrmn, Hutpenilna in air so that die danger will smother toe flume, but in toe of explosion or tiro from ahuntotra excitement attending such a fire, fog" is almost niL there is danger that too sand will Both flake and grained aluinfotmi he thrown cur shoveled on to toe are shipped in led drums with mass, and that toe powder will be felly removable heads, Those, drums thrown into the air. There have been several cases where relatively harm less fives have been hanged to seri ous and fatal explosions from this cause. - Consequently, the enter And more prudent rule in to instruct employees to walk out of the building in the case of on aluminum tire, shutting toe dour securely but us gently as possible to avoid disturbing the burning mass. AD employee should he instructed in procedures to avoid. They should understand thoroughly tout water, carbon tetrachloride, fin foam, ear- bon dioxide and oimllzir extinguish- ' tog agents should not he used on nhuutovsn fires. Hue of eneh materi als wilt causa explosions. Bight watchmen should he tostruetod to convey title information to any regu lar or volunteer group which at tempts to extinguish an aluminum fire, purfhemovft toe we of a fine pray n water from a stirrup pomp, cuoh as is used hy civilian defense workers on mntmlioty bombs, should news- he wed on otomtonm (ns'der fires. It is of utmost importance Hint local fire department- be in I'ui Hid of these precautions, 'The depart ment should he provided with com plete information and ehurts regard ing those warehouses which contaiu aluminum, us well es these contain ing ofiler chemicola. These rimrts should also be readily available to the watchmen and to the pluut'c own protection (Uvirion at all tones. AVOm&ta HAZARDS ' A enure of groat danger to toe bundling of ahnniuniu powder la die presence ui foreign subitancea, piirtiunlurly bard or metallic materials Cure should bo token to see flint doting bolts, mute and similar bits of motel cannot eoriurawaic slumijinm powder or pyrotechnic mlslnrss, Jtioad plant I10115eheepin.tr ie nue of too most effective methods in aehieviug plant safety and eare must lie taken particularly to toe weigh ing, miring and pressing rooms. As little material ns ts practical should be kept to one place at one time. Stoops for handling powders should he of non-sparking material arid toe handling should be slow end dcll- at . JM f A E T IM S CHEMICAL k METALLtUtGICAL EHsmUCjUllG berate, to reduce duoting to a mini mum. Rooms in which powder is bandied should be oleehctl at irequant intervals, but never during lighioj eiecirju lighliiig tutti pimer equijmienl corrying Uhoruriteie' jjproval for use iu explosive erras and wliere explnmve. vpora (ire n- PoriienUrly io die ease of fiah<. rnuuini powder, coniidarable time is required ro dissipate this' oherge. Several types of ram-eparking, wedgUngi mixing or pressing opera euutuered >bould lu) ued. conductive doors hare been employed tions. AD materiel should be kept in i-lnscd -eenlainera white denning Wlu-jstrer pnsshdr, buili (be shoes of worlters nd the floore ebonld bo mwessfully.' three types may be dascribed briefly lore, including (1) is in progress. I f oil is used m the et coud neuve but imn-spaking Magnetite flooring installed over e pyrotechnic mixture, spwual ease tyi'e. IflJeririeal dia&hargr* predneed wood or ctwerrie busn, with eondtie- must be taken to insure that all Oily rags or waste are dcpoMM 1 .oloaed safety cans say from Uie liy niatte or ligbtoing are Hic ntoti dilDettU rnitey hutirds to ctmtrL The dangre Erom ststie barges pto- liie metal grids planed beneath tlu surface at thn floor and properly groindeA; (2) emtilsifirO asphalt I storage or loading areas. These rags duced by frie lion 1* gm itetl a i coU, etiinpo$it]on flooring mlh a comhie- ' it imngu,stcboeredimspuosstebdeotfodkaeinlyp, uriininndleanrnly edrreylewoerelobmeirt.poaiivl otonn wIkomlkruinigg oinn ntunn). gHrwounagdgedregrantceiuwl hgircihdsa,Uxuibd laCnll)oviner- to keep nil nuns, window ledges ciiiiductug aboie, uuiy prndnre dntii-ial graphite tile mud of a beams, building steel and. other rest sparks capable of iguling pyvoft-rii- voHilnctlve mastir, the i-ilgce of the ing planes free from dust. ' nie mixtures or fine lumimim par tile betug melted toeetlier w-ilh i- TOUTING protection ttihfetlesfrsiucstipoenndecduumiuuI tinhjtr ainrt.iuoiIiOmvhmi hsortOD(rtabniuinnu. siunr.-ftaacllea.1i.iWn ittho Ipbrims fiudset 4 Tim buildings used for weighing, potnlvr potn-ttil frtmi * M-uop lit a nmutinned type no laetiil grid is ' miring and loading operations contamer an ensile bigb talio neoesMiry, Ihe tils lUolf bring should) wherever possible, be so plinrgea on fhc nlitmiiuni) jnirtii-les. gnmndeil at TfuiunA poinls. spaced and. proteoted that fires or isxplotions iu one unit cannot be eom- muniootsd to other units. Construc The viliWS, Irom nhotos by th. D. S. Army Sunti Cape, show a lh.rm.ll bomh tion should be adapted to the Tent dnmonslratton ot I b Arnty Vfai Calice., Washington, C. C.; ihs topo r n toni ing of implosions, using either a ih tonb h.gtnnlbo t d ritto , v tlk Ih. lowur nhown Un cltmctx vi Ohi skpisIdq "soft" n'ai] or roof, or e blow-out wbu di botoli, bovine teadud e Itaipatohuc ot ebani *J)GD da, ts mnlllnv panel. ATI equipment should bu thteoob (ho slob at rie) n whtch II insto Ineatod so that the operator has h free patli to eu outside door, with out a mixing boneh, prass or mixer betweea him and the dour, - All nietnl in the buildings should be grounded. This not only Innludeh the equipment ifadf, but also ididol window and door frames and nOrnr bnilding idemwits. Clips oonnwitfA to flexible grounded lends should bo placed on all metal drums nr oiber raovable equipment, Only nrplnsion- preof motors rhimld bo pernutlwl. and for these the* controls should bp fully inclosed and. non-iireiug, loonted outside the lViu-kmuni no that no wor-hor need lie in the mixing or pressing room from the time of starting these operation* until they are completed. All lights should lit of a ivpe appro red for explosive oporab'tins end conditions. Piirtlcnlar rare Tnnt bo token when anhamolso nr manual tools are to be used In build ings for repairs or ehengas,' When each, work is te be earned nut, the rooms must first be emptied of all ipniflbjc moterifil and fliorongbly rimmed. Fatal explosions hew* .bran enured in dnst-filled rooms by on Ore fttnn the switch of an ordinary fhi(blight. Therefore, only fln-dt * Vsuihu btfarteatlen oit Ike* noms idra Monind nwa Artum nf 4*rk vp ( Amidi h ilt YVatactoJEM r.* b a n r e g i a i , 3>t. ; tl* F JlH ilittle lha, l u e tiln t S b iu lih ilu D U1, 20 U orftatcU er-iH aso . Xehr T w k i K . ) u t l V- U m o itiiliU C o . 1X1 OIt M t ttmofcUrn, X f. fllRAUCJtJL L ilETALIXFlGlCAD ENGIKEERTSC JATU 'AST' ........ . - .* # ! & * * * ' ------ The tuttet of slulSo ebcuH he ex plained to employees, Banff liwple illustraUonB sudli as the rnblringof silk in bo5)1 weather, ox the comhjng o f tom-. Bolt driws should not lie utoil im uuSunci i n the mixing, p n s a n g or loading rooms. Spfcdal m e &cmLd be taken in tpc rooms, iim the friction of 0) parlidas passim; orci- the screw* n o d , thtir temporei? unpenmon and separa tion in sir can build ap hit'll static t`bai$c.-. All metal So priexsbig and storage warns slionlO be gromid. cd ami every ptetjhility o r a spark from loaehiiifry, from bnohan defc- ti-k- litrill bulbs, or from the drop ping of steal lnk should be guard ed n"olnst I'roptirly fcHMttded metal rmitniitcw on upark-proof eoudut'uvv flooring will permit more rapid di-Kix>etion of static charges time wooden eoutainers. Mix.1 should he Unwed to nnm in * t rest fo r a short; time W o re the mixture is iTOOwft, thus permitting any sta tic i>hurR inihitsed in- Bit metal pnr- ld is in tbc mix lo l)o sondneted.to gnauli Suuple aleotrOJWipia'eiui bc tnnd tu ilctermine vrhai a iW i'` ia Irne ol stallo dinega. _ _. Adoinal %btinff PTM1* '1'011 " i n importuni requiremenl f o t th piani hiuidling niu>numM piemie. 'Cht groiuulinjr of ali mvUl windffw imi! doox frames ami approvo! Tight- itimi prleetimi uf all wtrUiff will lurgaly dminnte Ilio poseihility of high targes iQw.tmg before of J iir in g a th u n d o rs ta rm n n .il p e rh n p s dlsfluiJTing: te th ground with ou iicemnpnnyng ha#k or spade Prottidiun BOinfit stillai lighluing yt r o te 8 beai lei le nutlmrjUes on .fbu Mibjeet'1' W.uiy to iu m is hut down oli mixing ami )oding opaxa- `lioas durisff ncrore, nearhy lightajnff stunuSi th npU>.WM lonvinff th piweswiff roani* dnrinff limi pcriort. ({aditi aste are good indicatola of lippruatlng elcctrieid ululine, bui i f they are uscii, thoy (houli net 1 inainoci in Ihe tauffing urea owinj! -lo th hanini llity ietrodnoe. MHXBS AND PBEERES ' Mnobinory nactl in wirbt,' and prembff oparittiijns should be etjuipped with unfboMd dust-proof bearings, which ->honlil I kapt well . liibrieuLed. Bswcaive lumpvralnre rh.e m any pari shmild tnll for an immcdiaW shuKtown. It a shaft nr ftlhw {art ehoill'l ffeeD'. an n bear Ing snrfdoe, dd iUtiupl olnmld be made to Imism ihn pert by fume, such ue by a hRimaer blow on the dinft, es kniff ni any iffulbble n` lerial is 1 flic room, lrpoand ring uis or bevel genro ahnuld I Troludnd from nluiulnuai-puvvilt't-eon- fnininff mutonak. bhnral applicatiunB if n heavy ffniahv uiinimirioff this /langer. . The rlotllinff worn hy plsnl b- pioynos should he Vvpl. ulftnn nail fruB from oluinnuum r.ust by fre- (juoat rnishinff. Many loneerBa sup ply. shirts end slhnlnt id both male and female on|ilttjiH`S, ihr sW is be ing made without niffo. Thcrr is n pdoJbiUty of domrer when mplajiK^ wuar flwir work lotHrs to tboir i,, AvoSSg A lum lm im Pourder ExplosSans hntnos hefora clurnginff. Ktir exam ple, a porlt from n vniaroUv umy 1, All machlemy ani all molti do and wtoiow tram stortili h wril wtawioi. Z All ani cnnvoylnq .qulpotom Acuiti ho ewrttuclct! ot> a . lo lntoill 0 nattosa ot inai Silo n m a . ' __ , x spelulas. coni*, y o r, oni <U* hit. hnuM he ot uon-JPmtonS uialeriata. ' i. Moiors, as ter oc Ptoflbl, .houli b c'" TM1" K"Bna' " ?*" * OS. Who>. SI lo W nr lo h a rt In Ih. w ko-a. -ho he ai Ut uiplattanumol,. dito-prtu). dadt-aiool imi walotr-rool >|W. ol snulir.Vcaoo easily amine flllul burns I# a person whoso clothing i* OM wllh the dost of a pyrotechnic jnix-Lm. Owing I the pinslbilit.v uf static disrersi ailh and Ik-irke nviteriitls tlkoald wk tm worn lit work by employee. The ideal amusement in liiekcr rooms ter rmploycea u. Ui n*i> a T D u V s W in n . b ptimillid lo cobert la wwhronm Ihor houli ho dtm ed double looker njatein with -an intrr aerer! lime* o day. If n*ss<ny, ahbi?h noi while optiolio om ?ohw on. veiling shower or wnBliroom. With . Ond to Ih. houli ho topi al mini. M*i PJ)o ** Oil* method, a Im te is provided couahnulr wilh otototoo owd.r do nel lobi a . Ih OClbUUr MW*r for eavb employee at ond) side of mrnoilal. Ti.al.1 Osi rcvort' .tot <tal * lowm apl>ln lor lie ohower nr wasbrorinu The em powiei suBpenit U fc Vndts orilh Ih. n w tid 1 SgoIKon. Wllh un dtsbUaUy ployee removes hin work clothes anil buttici alcwtoe -li*. ttilh a . me, th InWH 0>h>!* * 1TM **> * " plows tlieiii in the work flnthm loefcv a --^-nU^llco 1 7,0 mg. A l .per Uh* i rf, mi al " ctonUdUort Si 13J m|. Wi er, Iben takas Ids show and con tot Indndlon spmk, , . .. ' tinues lo his scrond Irckrr on the 7, tlohllna ol e t Acidi U wntriiod by iuHitnol. euplotlonittonl bull _ other side of the shower room where I. 11 paeenory k) uas Uastlsbl. 7 shouii tdway bs ot o Uni.twrllilpMiseoaren Ids street elalhing. Thus treptovei Irptt, ior w . lo toiplcd aioiMphUM. * his work dothra Inokrr is always 8, All hoadoo ani ** ah" b . kepi wH lubnatacd i *Mw)1.a twaa dut. available for '.paction by eiimpanr . 1D. Ab nmplayem riioaM weer eppmvtd sn> otattiitii, urtlhout poAt. or nife, oOlolol or for the remoml of died il 6Diftlb6o * clotting for rcplnceaiBul with ulcsn 1 U OpauHm enomre te matoy .houli vwur rocplratn. to a h.Hltti ptoemitU. oiolking.' A* prrviotody enlioued,' 17. Stdoly A sta t n lyy. MA no both ndudlv. ond nMt-tptuWno Aoold U eparlt-proof and conductive shoes Vrfifll by t^ftNftDt ' should always be worn by eraplovers 13, CuincriTc Bccnna chnuH ho oojplcyod U pCMlbtc. ' in the lcntling and inUttMt area. II, Opotoicn .houli he InstretHod A ni Hi tfe'.ol riTM, boy h*oW wUt oo! n. doso Ih. dp.T .1 tho o d tot . 0)*0irt to oMhonly arllv.S So lato ohS*' befekewce - li. AlomJnom pondo AosiH be .to rti tody * acatod ira a n i Bpart 1M 0 muleir.nl. o.at*dly oMildna oonU or toaBy Oddlrablo subilBoOra. H. Ooly i l i ood or On4.rewr-opp.i)*d erttngulcher houli bo sud o smattonai pender Orti. 17. Caie Aould be lutoa io piova! lutei0n aubalonw troni oeMm telo alarine [A1u.liOta'rrnaltaOl otMiElf!-nllr-d'rtowvne rl'.ut` axplotlons r D u u ts t o A i r , OCT i h a t . **, * ^ r. ' 'j?' "Niitouoi'Wirt CoCe inr tlir Jvsv*: ^Tt^Bulldl))? tulrouUoa ohould tollon fi ecomomndoUons ol * 0 Nfctonul rito Piolbcllon AuoclctllBl." ` l e lo generai. Il la eirlsable lo lolle* mocl ol Ihe preeootons suolly A r i Ms" `-t-ine tor m tectw n .\eiunei Uelit- Iliw r BtlKUo H21. a S. B ararti I 3UMlftrs. o b uinahk trjnn SnpU of 4/ WctixchrDil nla Patiick, k^Uh Ivi^illU>Su R&fcdotn IfOOBtt N#W in Ihe hundlltlu ol eipimirec. JANUARY i m UmanAL L TAlXUltGICAi ENGTHBEBIKO Bi lirwjiwnrarjami JAtfttAr 94 CHEMICAL & MEmacmICAt ENGIICKIOHKG s vs *3 s.s : &v s f S ^ S a g S g g B a g g s g s g s g l S S ^ S S a g * S U S B S S S 3 2 S S S 3 5 g g o ~ 3 $ * 3 5 2 2 * 3 3 2 3 S S S 5 S 5 S BJB \ ' \ \ $ 5*2 5 * * 3 3 s s5 R 2gg ^ J ij j^ - - _ _ x_ 2 '- B i 3 5 itf 'JT: * - I 4^ > : :-: go: -_ A. ^:j.*sf I' a IS :" :S^V I - - a :1 "; i f 1 - j p * r 5 * S S 3 * 8 S ' S 3 - B * 5 S S S S B 5 S S 2 S s S * m S l E X * > f 3 3 8 Rtfi jS .g = S S R S . x ul - ^ - A . T _ k . . .. - . . * . . t. * ! I ? ! ! ' ' :. I ! s ! 1 ; j : 1 ' I i 1 > * ` . * . ,, i Ti I " i j = i ' M ils i 1! !| ! M I I ! ? l ! `* l 1 1 | j 1 i S f j l i - | j ] j f I x i 'J j j i IM*S***i ii=nfiS' "I ;*>-s I * ? 1 :e ? u n m h i i i : - i ^ 4l i a^ 3 i f o l l o w ? -S0 s | 3 3lis c ili Ili Ili'l H SJ ' 1 3 I s 1 'Ils I i l - - ! & i i :` I ' ] !" | j ! Ji J n i $ M i * 4 m J* J ; l l l L - t i l t f * : W i V * } f i l j ^ * s i i l i J s t i l l i VJ * * ". M l i l l l i l i J ] l i l i 3' 1 1 S l i l j l j l J \ * ' * 1 , 0 0i aiW, o ls lh5iSSH <. 4,k* A> 1|k i ' t "****:**'