Document LovdqOo8DVdXv8ZNZjvGoKmdb

22 OCCUPATIONAL TUMORS AND ALLIED DISEASES Social Class I. Upper and middle class II. Intermediates III. Skilled workmen IV. Intermediates V. Unskilled workmen VI. Textile workers VII. Miners VIII. Agricultural workers Coal miners All males occupied and retired Standardized Death Rate for Persons Above 15 Years 1-337 1.269 I-396 1.283 1.701 1-397 1.082 0.965 1.069 i-355 Life Table Death Rate from Cancer 2.142 1.965 2.051 i-957 2.050 1.864 1.512 1.796 1-497 1-983 by these investigators from an examination of the different trades and professions. The comparative mortality figure (1910-1912) from cancer of all males in Wales was found to be 78, that of zinc manufacturers 178, barmen 137, patent fuel manufacturers 131, beer bottlers and cellarmen 126, brewers 125, messengers, watchmen and porters, as well as brass and bronze workers, 118, slaters 116, seamen and railway workers, each no, tobacco manufacturers 38, coke burners 40, lithographers, tallow, soap and glue manufacturers each 41, printers and machine compositors 43, straw plait and hat manufacturers 44, clergy 45, maltsters 47, electric supply workers 49, plate layers 50. As the total figures available for zinc manufacturers, patent fuel manufacturers, coke burners, straw plait and hat workers, and electric supply workers were too small, the information obtained as to the cancer incidence in these groups was regarded as statistically unreliable. It may be mentioned that Young and Russell also noted marked and sig nificant differences in the mortality from cancer of various sites (skin, lip, tongue, esophagus, stomach, bowel, bladder, and larynx) related to certain trades and professions. In a study of the occupational incidence of cancer of the penis and of the scrotum in the general population by Kennaway (1928), this investigator also employed 8 social or occupational groups in his analysis (1. chimney sweeps; 2. textile workers; 3. all persons not included in 1 and 2, but especially likely to be exposed to carcinogenic agents such as tar, pitch, lubricating oils [workers in tar, patent fuel, coke and its by-products, fisher men, boatmen, drivers, stokers, and cleaners of engines]; 4. metal workers [may possibly also be exposed to lubricating oil]; 5. coal workers [miners above and below ground at the pit, coal boat loaders, trimmers]; 6. all manual occupations; 7. clerical and light manual workers; 8. agricultural workers). Kennaway observed that the ratio of scrotal cancers to cancers of the penis is lowest in the class of agricultural laborers, whereas in the remaining classes