Document LorVGjEN8Qb92GaZ0akEOM7K5

FILE NAME: North American Aviation (NAA) DATE: 1957 DOC#: NAA003 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Transactions of the NSC with Notes - Note R. Wilkins & A.F. Pagnotta in Aeronautical Section 1957 i o n t e !1 N A T I O N A L S A F E T Y C O U N C I L O F F I C E R S p. 5 - 1 1 S A F E T Y E X P O S I T I O N E X H I B I T O R S p. 55 -6 3 A V I A " I O N S E C T I O N O F F I C E R S p. 32 -3 5 CEM E N r AND Q U A R R Y O F F I C E R S p. 11 c o n t r o l l i n o u e a l t h h a z a r d s i n a c h e m i c a l p l a n t p. 9- Se-: V ior p r s l .T : ; os is, f i b r c a i a , p a h t ;0 S (Ti i C i i /INO IN T H E A I R W E B R E A T H E p. .1-02 ( C h e m i c a l Secticr.) ' = =p ;r at or s , a s b e s t o s o u s t , s i l i c o s i s , t o u c dusts, p n e u m o o :n i o s is p. 13 ? r e s p i r a t o r s p. 15 ? fiims p . 24 r a s b e s t o s c u r t a i n p. 26 A B I B L I O G R A P H Y O F T O X I C C H E M I C A L S p. 4 4 - 5 1 (Chemical Section) C H E M I C A L S E C T I O N , O F F I C E R S p. 57 CO AL M I N I N G S E C T I O N O F F I C E R S p. 4 1 - 4 3 C C N S `"R'J : ~ I O N S E C T I O N O F F I C E R S p. 74, 7 5 E L E C T R I C A L E Q U I P M E N T O F F I C E R S AND P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S p. 4 2 - 4 6 F A R M S A F E T Y O F F I C E R S p. 30, 31 F E R T I L I Z E R S E C T IO N O F F I C E R S p. 22, 2 3 FOOD, M E A T PACKING T R AD ES , O F F I C E R S p. 5 9 - 6 3 -r > GLASS, CERAM ICS, R U B B E R , O F F I C E R S p. 3 1 - 3 4 CR a y b e s t o s Manhattan " H O M E S A F eT y ^ O N F E R E N C E p. 5E ----- I N D U S T R I A L S A F E T Y - A . S . S . E . O F F I C E R S p. 1 0 8 - 1 1 0 O C C U P A T I O N A L H E A L T H C O N T R O L T H R O U G H E N G I N E E R I N G p. 11-12 (Labor Safety Section) i dust, industrial poisons L A B O R ' S STAKE IN S A F E T Y p. 16-21 occupat io na l d i s e a s e p. 18 s i l i c o s i s p. 19 p n e u m o c o n i o s i s p. 19 a s o e s c o s and lung cancer p. 20 -A B O R 1 0 N F E R E N C E O F F I C E R S p. 34, 35 M A R I T I M E MARINE) O F F I C E R S p. 5 1 - 5 4 M E T A L S S E C T I O N ( A U T O M O T I V E , M A C H I N E , P O W E R FREES) O F F I C E R S p. 3134 INCENTIVE AWARDS FOR GOOD SAFETY RECORDS (Mining Section) A s b e s t o s C o r p o r a t i o n L i m i t e d p. 2 0 - 2 3 IN T H E MINING INDUSTRY MINING SECTION OFFICERS MOTOR: T R A N S P O R T A T I O N p. 53, 5 9 \ N E W "R E N D S IN O C C U P A T I O N A L -iEA_~H P R O G R A M S p. 1 4 - 1 7 I 5 1 1 1 CO 3 1 3 p 1 4 o r k m e n ' s co mp p. 14 O C C U P A T I O N A L H E A L T H N U R S I N G S E C T I O N O F F I C E R S p. 19 P E T R O L E U M S E C T I O N O F F I C E R S p. 49, 50 P R I N T I N G , P U B L I S H I N G S E C T I O N O F F I C E R S p. 23 P U L P A N D P A P E R S E C T I O N O F F I C E R S p. 6 1 - 6 3 R A I L R O A D S E C T I O N O F F I C E R S p. 3 3 - 3 4 S C H O O L AN D C O L L E G E S A F E T Y O F F I C E R S p. 122-125 --- T R A F F I C S A F E T Y -OFFICERS p. 6 7 Nj AU vt/ M a m rete* HI Jm J L*ft**A>fr- .<^ha^4gc*K^ ._... gA! _________ U) fkt- /YVto^lr I p f ^ / M j h 4 i h c i i i^ir. _ ____ J*t*AlA XUajL ly t>Mdr'>>*L jM H 'l# T K 4 ._ ________ P__ dfrvuj b y ^ c . Uvt, k/yt / \ U 4r < f * ,y t __ >i ____ ....A4 <-____ _ _ ._ _ i __*11^*104 IQ___ /Vwb u h j t ivX, _ h ^ K *_ A r to h n i i w \ r C O A triia__ .___(Of<io wo___ _ .... i t o A L t t d l v L * i a l t U h ) ' , a * -________ l U . _ . [ 9 & ) . _ .* .& & _ . ObtQt__ ^dCoVT^ Kut\ _0]^tAj^lKi________ _ . . --.......-........ _ _... _ ________ r _*</_jVk fc'Aft' l>df> **iUo_____________ I _ __ _ _________ j_Jr^-__P P- j ( - E/4*lr(*hru. - ______________ :____ (Vyg__ 'WvWlorV_____ t>^Ut*>'4//__________ T'4} _ _.(,l4C)_____ J%yu- -k * t * -- - --WM 5 4 -, --- -----^VU IjUA)._...... .... - _____________________________________________  fiq^ 'V t-^ yi'9' ' + fry old - ^ ** )* l 'tAir+ijJ' ^ ( i W ) usi ^ 'W? r v:6rjjy fO /u^ -yrjfj s-| *< Dqo '-- ........ ""' tojjvb^ev y*y vl/jiO -*0"' 7*'V 4o itrrtovp -- jj* to W 1.0(1W TVq yfV\j_J, - --yntfr* [ -f; ^ _/>p ^ ( i ^ l) U1 fe9p ) - ^ ^.wPv -'vvptojfit-...yr*&>r/ ( 21 bf ) Fvo|v|'Hf~H, r......T frf&prrj tra y * * vii**#? 9*nj 5b\ fmO 'P a\ "' 'Mjfvp'j <j 5<j - ' l<ejvyjty ..... ocr^t ftportvj *V A ~sTfrJ y? ** t>ThJ'to-j VQ ibi -e*v Lh>hn ) GENERAL SESSIO N S i \i i ) \ I Traniactioiis o f the 45th National Safty Congres ( O c W O S b - 25, 19S f ; Chicago*I 00033 5 /*< l rW M aW fr- '**1 /V/l K'WO/V/l t . i CONTENTS w**mtw*+ Officers, Trustees, and Board of Directors................................................... 5 ANNUAL COUNCIL MEETING Minutes ........................................................................................................ 12 Invocation......................................................... Dr. Paul Minnich Robinson 15 The President's Report....................................................... Ned H. Dearborn 16 1958 National Safety Good Turn....................................... Warren Meland 19 Women in Industry................................................... Mrs* Gertrude H. Frese 20 Keynote Address.............................................. Major General B. K. Young 25 ANNUAL BANQUET Banquet Address.......... ................... .... .Honorable William G. Stratton 29 Award Presentation................................................. . P*u Hoffman 33 WOMEN'S ACTIVITIES Our Role in Safely Leadership................................... Mrs. Raymond Sayre 37 Time for Decision. .................................................... William G. Johnson 38 The Traffic Problem............................................... ............... James D. Hill 41 Fundamentals of Home Safety Activities. . . . . . . . Miss Eunice Heywood 51 The^Philosophy of the Beaded Shoes.................... .Charles W. Ferguson 52 s ........................................................................................................ 54 Safety Exposition Exhibitors Ip 2 l all Current Safety Topics volumes. I I ) LEARNING TO LIVE Learning to live--safely--was the drawing card whiclt brought more than 13,000 men and women from the United States and 27 other countries to Chicago for the 45th National Safety Congress. These people gathered to exchange the latest ideas in safe attitudes, safe methods and safe equipment. Through speeches, panel discussions and symposiums, they acquired new ideas for helping others--and themselves--to live, work, and play safely. This was the reason the National Safety Council was organized less than half a century ago, a time when man's thoughts barely kept pace with the Industrial revolution. Since (lien, man lias introduced an atomic age which is bringing the continents closer and has made the earth a smaller uuiM. And now man anticipates inter-space travel! Through science and technology, man is prog-cssing to increasing speed.; in travel and production, and increasing dangers--new dangers never bcioio encountered. These, in addition to the everyday hazards of life, occupied the thoughts of the safety people at the Congress. To encourage more widespread knowledge of the various fields of safely, the National Safety Council publishes the Current Safety Topics--30 volumes of condensations of Congress speeches and exchanges of ideas. Each volir ic is a handy reference to different phases of accident prevention. The compl tc set of volumes are listed on the back page o each volume. Since the proceedings have been edited anil condensed for reference purposes, the complete original manuscripts with aiy charts or illustrations used, arc available in the {National Safety Council files. Views expressed at the Congress or in any volume of Current^ Safety Topics are those of the Congress participants, and not necessarily those of the National Safety Council. 3 ) I )I ) I National '<"* Safety Council !! i OFFICERS f Chairman, Board o f Directors--W alt F. Carry, Automobile Car* riers Inc, Flint, M idi. i Vice Chairman, Board o f Directors--Dr. Lowell B. Fisher, Presi 1 2 dent, North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools, University o f Illinois, Urbana, 111. President--N ed H . Dearborn, President, National Safety Council, Cliicago, 111. r Vice-President fo r Farms--K irk Fox, Editor, Successful Fanning, Meredith Publishing Co., Des Moines, Iowa. l Vice-President fo r Finance, and Treasurer--W illiam II. Lovvr, 5 Treasurer, Inland Steel Co., Chicago, III. i Vice-President fo r Homes--Dr. George M. W heatley, Third Vice 3 President, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., New York, N. Y. 3S Vice-President fo r Industry--Gerard O. Griffin, Director of Safety, 3 Dravo Corp., Neville Island, Pittsburgh, Pa Vice-President for Lobor--P. L. Sii.Miy.ru, General Vice PrrMdint International Association of Machinists, Chicago, III. Vice-President fo r Local Safety Organisations--W alter K. Koch, President, Mountain States Telephone and Telegraph Co , Denver Colo.' Vice-President fo r Membership--Edward C. M yers, Vice-President, United States Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. Vice-President fo r Public information--CitAntts W. F erguson, Senior Editor, The Reader's Digest, Plcasantville, N. Y. Vice-President fo r Schools and Colleges--Dr. Lowell B. Fisiikr (A lso Vice-Chairman of Board; spe above). Vice-President fo r Traffic and Transportation--E. J. Buhner, Chair man of the Boar<l Silver Fleet Motor Express, Inc., Louisville, Ky. Vice-President fo r W omen's Activities--Miss Marion E. M artin. Commissioner of Labor and Industry, Stale of Maine, Augusta, Me. Executive Vice-President--G. C. Stewart, Executive Vice-President, National Safety Council, Chicago,till. Secretary--R. L. Forney, Secretaryf, Nati.onal Safety Council, Chi cago, !!!. Assistant 7'rrafHrrrj*-BuF0RD B. McCulloch, President, Bureau of Safety, Inc., Chicago, III. J. D. F ulkord, Director, Treasury Bureau, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. V 5 ( National Safety Council TRUSTEES Chairman of the Trustees--W. S. S. Uoiicei , Former Chairman, The Texas Company, New York, N. Y. Vice-Chairman of the T n u I r n - J o itN Stilweij.. Yonkers, N. Y. Secretary o f the Trustees--Hwa H. Dkaroorh. President, National Safely Council, Chicago, III, Members Melvin H. Baker, Chairman, Board of Directors, National Gypsum Company, Buffalo, N. Y. J ames B. Black, Chairman, Board of Directors, Pacific Gas and Electric Co., San Francisco, Calif. S. Bruce Black, Chairman, Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, Boston, Mass. W alter F. Carey, President, Automobile Carriers Inc., Flint, Mich. (Ex-Officio). Cason J. Callaway, Blue Springs Farms, Hamilton, Ga. W illiam G. Chandler, President, Scripps-Howard Supply Co., New York, N. Y. Chaules R. Cox, President, Kennecott Copper Corp., New York, N. Y. Cleo F. Craic., Member, Executive Committee, American Telephone k Telegraph Co., New York, N. Y. Walter J. Cummings, Chairman, Board of Directors, Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Co., Chicago, III. H arlow H. C urtice, President, General Motors Corp., General Motors Bldg., Detroit, Mich. N ed II. D eamiiorn, President, National Safely Council, Chicago, III. (Ex-Officio), Richard R. Deuiree, Chairman, Board of Directors, Procter and Gamble Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. J. Doyle DeW itt, President, The Travelers, Hartford, Conn. Morse G. Dial, President, Union Carbide Corp., New York, N. Y. : E. F. ou P ont, Director, Employee Relations Dept., E. 1. du Pont de \ Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del. 6v ) National Safety Council (Trustees, continued) Freociic W. Ecke*, President,! Metropoli tan Life Insurance Co, New York. N. Y. \ Denjam in F. Fairless, President, American Iron & Steel Institute, New York, N, Y, ' Calvin F in iu s s , J r., Qiairman, Allstate Insurance Co., Skokie, III. F rancis J. Gavin, Chnirman, Board of Directors, Great Northern Railway Co., S t Paul, Minn. E. Rolano H arriman, Brown Brothers Hardman & Co., New York, N.Y. Clifford F. Hood, President, United States Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. J oseph L, L anier, President, West Point Manufacturing Co., West Point, Ga. GEORCe E. Leichty, Chairman, Board of Directors, Railway Lal>or Executives* Assn., Washington, D. C. Ray D. Murphy, Chairman, The Equitable life Assurante Smkiy of lite United Stales, New York, N. Y. T. S. P etersen, President, Standard Oil Co. of California, San l i Gu asco, Calif. Gwilym A. P rice, President and Chairman, Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. Walter P. Reutuer, Vice President American Federation of LaborCongress of Industrial Organizations, Detroit, Midi. W. S. S. Honort, Former Chairman, The Texas Co., New York, N.Y. Edward L. Shea, Chairman, Ethyl Corp., New York, N. Y. H erbert E. S mith, Former Chairman, United States Rubber Co.. * New York, N i T r ------ J ohn Stilwsll Yonkera, N. Y. Arthur E. Stutoami^ l*Hsldent, Union Pacific Railroad Co., Omaha, Ncbr. "* j Dr. J ohn F. T hompson, Cha:ritinti. The iMlcrnaiinnat Nickel Co, Inc., New York, N .Y . J _ Kenneth C. T owe, Chairman, *Al N.Y. yaiunlid1 Oil'Wcw J uan T . T rippe, President, Pin- New York. N. Y. I I World AlAvays System, C. E. W ilson, Birmingham, Mich Roiiert W. Woodruif, C hairm ru, Co., Atlanta, Ga. *: 0 0 0 3 3 8 Collimilice, 'flic Coca-Cola Vi V ) National Safety Council i National Safety Council , ootmii BOARD OF DIRECTORS Chairman o f th$ Board o f Directors--W alter F. Carry President, Automobile Carriers Inc., Flint, Mich. Vice-Chairman o f the Board o f Directors--Dr. Lowell B. Fisher, President, North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools, University of Illinois, Urbarta, III. Members Frank R. Aiilgren, Editor, The Commercial Appeal, Memphis, Term. I. T. Blalock, Vice President, Pacific Indemnity Co., Los Angeles, Calif. 1'. N. Boate, Manager, Accident Prevention Dept., Association of Casualty and Surety Cos., New York, N. Y. Norman E. Uorcemson, Deputy Superintendent, Stale Dept, of Public Instruction. Lansing, Mich. At. E. Brown, Vice-President and Regional Director lor the West Coast, United Papermakcrs and Paperworkers, Portland, Ore. E. J. Buhner, Chairman of the Board. Stiver Fleet Motor Express, Inc., Louisville, Ky. Robert R. Burton, Vice-President, Kenyon ft Eckhardt, Inc., Chi cago, 111. Alfred W. Cantwell, National Director Safety Services, The American National Red Cross, Washington, D. C. W alter F. Carey, President, Automobile Carriers Inc., Flint, Mich. i Dr. A. L C hapman, Chief, Division of Special Health Services, | U. S. Fublic Health Service, Washington, D. C *. Dr. Zenas R. Clark, Administrative Assistant, Wilmington Public [ Schools, Wilmington, Del. J ohn M. Convert, Employee Relations Division, National Association of Manufacturers, New York, N. Y. M. R. Darlington, J r , Managing Director, Inter-Industry Highway Safety Committee, Washington, D. C. J. B. Davies, Assistant Vice-President, Industrial Products Group, \ Mine Safety Appliances Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. I i 8 NIeod H1.. Dearborn, President, Rational Safety Council, Chicago, III. H enry B. D u rfus, Administrator, Accident Prevention, Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, IV. E. F. du Pont, Director, Employee Relations Dept., E. L du Pont dc Nemours ft Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del. W allace Falvey, ' President, Massachusetts Bonding and Insurance Co., Boston, Mass. C. M. Ferguson, Administrator, Federal Extension Service, U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Charles W. Ferguson, Senior Editor, The Readers Digest, Pleasantville, N. Y. R. H. F erguson, Assistant Director of Industrial Relations, Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio. D. Lowell B. F isher, President, North Central u ' leges and Secondary Schools, University of |lln*:v V * K ink I;ux, Editor, "Sim iw IhI Dcs Moines, la. Mm* * 1 I Mrs. Gertrude H. Frese, Assistant to Vice President and Ocucul Manager, New York Tclcplioitc Co., Brooklyn, N. Y. Gerard O. Griffin, Director of Safety, Dravo Corp., Neville Island, Pittsburgh, Pa. S. W. Grimes, Managing Director, Pacific Coast Association of Pulp and Paper Manufacturers, Portland, Ore. P aul E. Gurbu, Pompano Beach, Fla. R. P. Hamilton, Superintendent of Safety, St. Louis-San Fiamiseo Railway Co., S t Louis, Mo. J. P. H ightower,. Director, Transportation and Safety, The Greyhound Corp., Chticago, III. \ Stanley C. H ope, President, Esso Standard Oil Co., New York, N. Y. Glower. A. J acomv, Director [of Personnel Relations, General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich. i N ewell K. J ohnson, Genti ll Manager, American Mutual Insurance Alliance, Chicago, HI. W alter K. Koch, President, Mountain States Telephone and Tele graph Co., Denver, Colo, r \9 National Safety Council (Board of DirMt^tnmimard) i t . i : i1: l t 1 1 i I I I i I V \ Dalibor W. Kralovec, Assistant Director in Charge of Safety The Board of Education, Philadelphia, Pa. Franklin M. Kreml, Director, Transportation Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, III. E dmond H . L eavey, President, International Telephone and Tele graph Corp., New York, N. Y. U. W. Leh m a nn, Prof. Emeritus, Urban, til. W illiam H. Lowe, Treasurer, Inland Steel Co., Chicago, III E. C. McFadoen, Vice President, Texas Employer*' Insurance Assn., Dallas, Texas. H arold G. Mangelsdorf, Standard Oil Co. (N. J .) New York, N. Y. Miss Marion E. Martin, Commissioner ol Labor and Industry, State of Maine, Augusta, Maine. I. W. Millard, Chairman of the Board, Industrial Gloves Co., Dan ville, III. E dward C. Myers, Assistant Vice President, U. S. Steel Corp., Pitts burgh, Pa. Guv L. Noble, Managing Director, National Committee on Boys and Girls Club Work, Chicago, III. w* H enry E. North, Vice-President, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., San Francisco, Calif. Clifton W. P halen, Executive Vice-President, American Telephone and Telegraph, New York, N. Y. Mrs. I vy Baker P riest, Treasurer of the United States, Treasury Dept., Washington, D. C. A. V. Uoh weder. Superintendent of Safety and Welfare, Duluth, Missabe and Iron Bange Railway Co., Duluth, Minn. Robert T. Ross, Manager, Employee Service; Industrial Relations, Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, Mich. Mrs. R aymond Sayre, Ackworth, Iowa. A. J. Schwantes, Head of Dept, of Agricultural Engineering, Uni versity of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minn. H arry S ee, National Legislative Representative, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, Washington, D. C. V 10 ) i ! i i National I Safety Council Louis U. S eltzer, Editor, T he Cleveland Tress, Cleveland, Olii**. T. L. S iemiller, General Vice-President, International Association nf Machinists, Chicago, lit. Reuben D. S iverson, Manager, Dept, of Manufacture and IndtiMtial Development, Cliainbcr of Commerce of the United Stales, Wash ington, D. C. J. U Si S near, J r , President, Consolidated Freight ways, fur., Mmlo Park Calif. Leslie J. Sorenson, City Traffic Engineer, City of Chicago, Chicago, III. H erman J. Sromm, Vice-President, Industrial Relations The Ynu town Sheet and Tube Co., Youngstown, Ohio. | A. E. S fottke, Vice-President, Allstate Insurance C., Sk*il*i\ III. | l G. C. Stewart, Executive Vice President. National Sal* lx i n- il. I Chicago, HI. W alter A. S tewart, Trustee and form er President, American 0 |itk n l Co., Southbridge, Mass. Arthur E. S toduard, President, Union Pacific Railroad Co., Omaha, Nebr. i Cot. W. L. T ubes, Assistant for Ground Safety, DCS/Personnel, 1I i|, U. S. Air Force; Washington, D. C. Lloyd Utter, Director, Industrial Health and Safety Division, Utmnl Automobile Workers, Detroit, Mich. Donald G. Vaugh^JI# Secretary, Aetna Casualty and Surety Co Hartford, Conn. \ Mrs. George WelxES, J r., Dulutlj, Minn Dr. Geoigc M. W heatley, T hird Vice-President, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., New York; N. R. S. W ilson, Executive Vice-President, Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio. * W. O. W ilson, Manager of Safety, Standard Oil Co. (Ind.), Chicago, HI. Dr. W illiam P. Yant, Director f f Research, Mine Safely Appliances Co., John T. Ryan Memorial Laboratory, Pittsburgh pa. i h ) OFFICERS OF THE W OM EN'S ACTIVITIES CONFERENCE NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 19S7-58 Safety Exposition Exhibitor5 Acme Protection Equipment Co* South Haven, Mich. Industrial gas masks, chemicals aod accessories]1 Advance Glove Mfg. Co* D etroit, Mich. Work gloves. Choirman and Vict-President--MARION E. MARTIN, Commissioner of Labor and In* dustry, Stale of Maine, Augusta, Maine. Aetna Casualty ft Surety Co* H artford, Conn. Safety educational aids and services including Aetna Drivotrainer. KiYr-CWrma*--MRS. RAYMOND SAYRE, chairman. Women's Committee, The Presl- ^ dent's Committee for Traffic Safety, Ackworlh, Iowa. ; Board R*tr*untativts--MARION E. M ARTIN; MRS. RAYMOND SAYRE; MRS. 1 GERTRUDE FRESE, assistant to Vice-President, New York Telephone Co* Brooklyn, y , M. V .; H O 'I. IVY BAKER PRIEST. Treasurer of the United States, Washington, V I V. E. 1 Large--MRS. ALMER ARMSTRONG, coordinator. Organization RdattOQ^'1 Indiana Farm Bureau Cooperative Assn* Indianapolis, Ind.; MRS. AGNES D. BEATON,? director. Women's Division, Automotive Safety Foundation, Washington, D. C ; MRS. O. A. BEECH, president. Beech Aircraft Corp* Wichita, Kan.; MRS, RAE V. BIESTER, superintendent. United States Mint, Philadelphia, Pa.; HON. MAR G UERITE S. CHURCH, Congress of (he United States, House of Representatives, `j Washington, D. C ; HON. FRANCES COOIC, Justice of the Peace, Beaverton, Ore.; \ MISS DOROTHY DOWNS, assistant to J. O. Ilerbster, chief engineer. Firemen'll Mutual Insurance co.. Providence, R. I.; MRS. GERTRUDE FR E SE ; MRS. JEAMjj WOOD FULLER, director. Women's Activities, Federal Civil Defense Administration, Battle Creek. Mich.; DR. LILLIAN M. G1LBRETH, Montclair, N. J .; MRS. L C GILMOUR, chairman. Women's division, Seattle-King County Safety Council, Seattle:} Wash.; MRS. ROBERT W. GUNDERSON, Rapid City. S. D.; BETTY GUNNING^*] Station WJAR. Providence, R. L ; MRS. J. RAMSAY FIARRIS, Denver, Colo.; MRS. HELEN K. KNANDEL, educational consultant. Traffic Engineering and Safety 3 Dept* American Automobile Assn* Washington, D. C.; MRS. JO H N E. KRUEGER, Milwaukee, W it.; MRS. DOROTHY McCULLOUGH LEE, chairman. Subversive Activities Control Board, Washington, D. C.; MRS. ALICE K. LEOPOLD, assistant to the Secretary of Labor, U. S, Department of Labor, Washington, D. C.; HON. . GERALDINE MACELWANE, judge, Lucas County Common Picas Court, Toledo^ ' Ohio; MRS. WALTER V. MAGEE, Ohio State Safety Council, Lakewood, Ohio;/ MARION E. MARTIN; MRS. CARRIE NOELLING. vice-pi esl.lcnl, Home Safety Y & Women's Activities, Kansas City Safety Council, Kansas City, Mo.; HON, IVY - BAKER P R IE S T ; EDITH RAMSAY, Home Equipment Editor, The American Homr, New York, N. Y.; MRS. MARY G. ROEBLING, president, Trenton Trust Co* Tren ton, N. J.; MRS. RAYMOND SAY RE; MRS. ALMA K. SCHNEIDER, superin tendent, United States Mint, Denver, Colo.; MRS. MAMIE KENNEDY TAYLOR, E x r rive Dept* Georgia Power Co* Atlanta, G a.; MRS. BERNICE T. VAN DER YF uber, Chicago Transit Board, Chicago Transit Authority, Chicago, IILj*> MR JRF.D YOUNGER. Los Angeles. Calif. Akron Brass Mfg. Co* Inc* W ooster, Ohio Fire hose nozzles and accessories. Alan W ood Steel Co* Conshohocken, Pa. Abrasive rolled steel floor plate. American Abrasives Metals Co* Irvington, N. J. Abrasive stair treads, threshold, door saddles and iton-slip coalings. American Allsafe Co* Inc* Buffalo, N. Y. ; Drybrow the Nation's Sweat Band and Greenline Emergency Release. ^American BUtrite Rubber Co* Chelsea, Mass. *' Rubber, composition and neoprene safety soles. 'American Chain ft Cable Co* Inc* Bridgeport, Conn. : Sling chains and Kuptex sling chain assemblies, wire rope slings ami a^sn.i!.., own wire rope slings. American Industrial Safety Equipment Co* Inc* Cle/ctaml, Ohio Face shields, goggles, gloves and milieus. .'American L a France Corp* Elmira, N. Y. A Fire apparatys and lire fighting equipment. ? American Optical Co* Southbrldge, Mass. tv' Head, eye and respiratory protective devices; safety clothing and safely specialty ^ products. Ampco Metal, Inc* Milwaukee, WIs. i*;' Non-sparking, corrosion-resistant safety tools. ge Amu! Chemical Co* Marinette, Wis. Dry chemical Arc protection equipment. 5; Arcadia Mfg. Co* Birmingham, Mich. Plastic coated gloves and aprons for industry. Award Incentives, Inc* New York, N. Y. j Safety incentive award programs, emblems, ptaqu< and trophies. Ballymore Co* W est Chester, Pa. . Rolling safety step ladders, movable work hydraulic lift work platforms. a c t * .; *ili Bashlin, W . M* Co* Grove City, Pa. f Linemen's and industrial safety equipment, Bausch ft Lomb Optical Co* Rochester, N. Y.J| Safety glasses, Ortho-Raters aud "Titan" safety 000341 Beltone Hearing Aid Co* Chicago, III. Mj vf r Audiometers, hearing aid tests. I ) 1917 A W io ik it S iif t t y C * M 0 ttu - I The Beryllium Corp., Reading Pa. Safety tools. . * y^,#*****./-' Best, Alfred M. Co., Inc. New York, N. Y. 4y Safety publications. Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa. Wire rope slings, standard and braided slings. BiJ-Jax, Inc., Archbold, Ohio Tubular steel scaffolding and equipment. Portable steel bleachers. Bomgardner Mfg. Co., Cleveland, Ohio Emergency stretchers, cots, first aid equipment, resuscitators and respirators. Bone Dry Mfg. Co., Neosho, Mo. Outdoor footwear. Boyer-Campbeil Co., D etroit, Mich. Safety equipment for industry--individual protective equipment. Brady Co., W . H ., Milwaukee, Wis. Self-sticking safety products, Pcrma-Code pipe makers. Breck, John H., Inc., Springfield, Mass. Industrial hand cleaner; hair and scalp preparations. Brett-Guard Co., Englewood, N. J. New saw-guard combining safety with full work visibility. Brossard, Lester L., Co., Chicago, HI. Klear-Vn traffic m irrors and Klear-Vu traffic lane markers. Browne, Stewart R. Mlg. Co., Inc., New Y ork, N . Y. Electrical safety equipment, explosion-proof and vapor-proof portable inspec fites, explosion-proof ffaslilites, grounding devices. Brutin & Co., Inc., Indianapolis, Ind. Floor treatments, cleaners, disinfectants, insecticides. Buffalo Fire Appliance Corp., Dayton, Ohio Portable fire extinguishers and fire departm ent accessories. Buhrke, R. H ., Co., Chicago, III. Occupational safety equipment and products for construction and maintenance. Bullard, E . D., Co., Sausslito, Calif. Industrial safely equipment. 1 Cambridge Rubber Co., Taneytown, Md. Non-slip safety soles, Vul-Cork and Vul-Cork Neoprene. Chance, A. B., Co. Centralia, Mo. Hot tine maintenance tools and line construction tools. Charleston Rubber Co., Charleston, S. C. Lineman and industrial gloves, sleeves, aprons, safety devices. Chemical Corp., Springfield. Mass. Protective hand creams, clcaucis and lotions. Chicago E ye Shield Co., Chicago, III. Head and eye protective equipment. Chrysler r ' . D etroit, Mich. "Chrysl ration--T he Forw ard Look in Safety." 56 Clark, J. R., Co., Spring Park, Minn. Industrial ladders. -Columbus Glove Mf**. Co., Columbus, Ohio , Coated gloves an^ ?prons. ' ; 4 Coltimbiis-McKinnon Chain Corp., Tonawanda, N. Y. >Alloy steel sling chains. dCumtingham, M. E., Co., P ittsburgh, Pa. Safety marking tools. t' laky Mfg. Co., Plymouth, Mich. vAir rifle, *t \ avlds Gloves, Inc., Springfield, Ohio *$afety gloves. vis Emergency Equipm ent Co. Inc., Newark, N. J. 'Respiratory protection, combustible gas indicators, safety ami first aid equipment. etex W atch Clock Corp., Chicago, III. i:Watchmen*a clocks. U P DeW alt, Inc., Lancaster, Pa. Radial arm woodworking equipment and safety features. VJ)ockson Corp., D etroit, Mich. .{' Welding helmets, face shields, cup and spectacle type goggles, respirators and <;.<* savers. ; Bow Chemical Co., Midland, Mich. Safety solvents, germicides and insecticides. * Dow Corning Corp., Midland, Mich. , Sight saver cleaning stations, shoe saver, safety shoes. Doyle Vacuum Cleaner Co., G rand Rapids, Mich. ^%.I*ndustrial vacuum clea\ners, scrubbers and polishers. Dunn Products, Chicago, III. S 'Protective clothing for industrial workers made from JV Neoprene and fire-proofed duck. asbestos, leather, rubber. Da Pont I. E., de Nemours A Co* Inc* W ilm ington, D el. Flame retardant for fabrics and paper, anti-slip floor waxes, protective creams. Neoprene products. \ * Eagle Mfg. Co., W ellsburg, W , Va. '-Safety cans, oilers, oil and gasoline containers. * ' ' * . *Edmont Mfg. Co., Coshocton, Ohio ' Coated fabric work gloves. Elkhart Brass Mfg. Co., Inc., E lkhart, Ind. Fire extinguishers, municipal and industrial brasr* goo Elliott Service Co., Inc., M ount Vernon, N . Y. Accident prevention displays, safety conference pr r Bulletin, suggestion system service. ,i Emerson, J. H., Co., Cambridge, Mass. ' Cotton, jersey, leather palm, all leather and plasth wo Pendall Co.. Chicago, 111. *: Head and eye protection equipment. Supcrvisoi s W reh l 0003d.`: 19)7 National S o ftly Congress Fibre-Metal Products Co., Chester, Pa. Eye, head, and face protection and welding accessories. Fine Organics, Inc., New York, N. Y. High flash, low toxicity safety solvents. K " fc1 . ' , V ; *\ ' * *',rvl- p : H iv |Jones ft Co., Rumford, R . I. / Full vision visor goggles. . Jones ft LsughUn Steel Corp* Pittsburgh, Ps. ^ I r e rope slings, wire rope. * S o f t l y /:.hi Ford Motor Co.. Dearborn, Mich. .**-.* tv Ford automobile*, featuring Lifeguard steering wheel*, aun visors, frat belts Im tn J mcnl panel padding, and door latches. Frommelt Industries, Dubuque, Iowa ' Portable welding shield and protective heat cloth. Fyr-Pyter Div* Fyr-Pyter Co., Dayton, Ohio Fire extinguishers, resuscitators and respirators. General P ire Extinguishers Corp., S t Clair Shores. Mich. Quick-Aid fire extinguishers and allied products. Glendale Optical Co., Inc., Valley Stream, N . Y. Choppers and welders goggles, face shields, safety spectacles. Globe Co* Grip-Stmt Div., Chicago, 111. Gt:n-Strut grating, stair tread materials. GriiweU Co., Inc., Providence, R. I. Fixed pipe fire protection systems. Gro-Cord Rubber Co., Lima, Ohio Gro-Cord, Raw-Cord and Neo-Cord soles, heels and taps. Haws Drinking Faucet Co., Berkeley, Calif. i i Emergency eyewash fountains, emergency showers and goggle wash fountains. Hild Floor Machine Co., Inc., Chicago, 111. Explosion-proof vacuum cleaners and floor machines. H y-Test Safety Shoes Div., International Shoe Co., St. Louis, Mo. Safety footwear; also conductive and special types for atomic usage. Hygiene Research, Inc., New York, N. Y. Protective ointments and mistproofmg cloth for goggles, welding masks, windshield Industrial Gloves Co., Danville, 111. Leather, asbestos, duck, wool. Woven-Gard, Pcnnaproof, and aluminized duck inf^ Asbestos finger guards. Jankkt Safety Appliance Co.. Inc* Louisville, Ky.* Power press guards, grinding wheel shields, stretcher equipment. Q u td te Mfg. Co., Chicago, III. cans, oily waste cans, safety electric lantern, flashlights and fire extinguishers. v 1 1F irst Aid Supply Co., Chicago, 111. sdustrial hospital equipment and medical supplies. Celley Paint Co* Louisville, Ky. j {Convoy skid-proof safety enamel. Halt-fire barrier paint. ystone View Co., Meadville, Pa* ccupatioual and driver vision tests, lantern slide projectors. de, W alter ft Co., Inc., Belleville, N* J. Fire detecting and extinguishing equipment, ultrasonic burglar alarm. nball Safety P roducts Co., Cleveland, Ohio |Personal protective devices lor industrial workers. Mathias Klein ft Sons, Chicago^ III f Linemen's safety equipment and tools. f Knapp Bros. Shoe Mfg. Corp., Brockton, Mass. Safety shoes. jXunz, J* Glove Co. Chicago, III. Linemen's, bridgemen's and welders' quality gloves. feeder Mfg. Co. Inc., Brlarcltff, N. Y. pressurized dry chemical extinguishers. lie , W alter G* Co* Inc., New York, N. Y. Safety floor maintenance materials, conductive coatings, static eliminators. Lehigh Safety Shoe Co., Emmaus, Pa. Leather and rubber sa.fet*y footwear. t ghfoot Co., Inc* The, New York, N. Y. Jj Shin cleansers--powdered, liquid, bar and waterless. Institute of Industrial Laundercrs, W ashington, D. C. Industrial taunderers and cleaners. [Logan Emergency Showers, Glendale, Calif. Industrial emergency showers, eye-wash fountains. Insto-Gas Corp., Detroit, Mich. Torches and furnaces. In terstate Rubber Products Corp., Los Angeles, Calif. Safety TrafTiconcs for traffic control. Iron Age Div.. H. Childs & Co.. Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa. Linemen's and women's leather and rubber industrial safety footwear. [Lowery Brothers, Inc., Chicago, HL, t . y / u Wire rope splicing service. ^Baico Co., Inc., Minneapolis, Minn. ` 1 Uaico audiometers for industrial hearing testing. 4. ? ; " "h * McLennan, Inc., Chicago, III. Insurance broker and agencies. jachjon Products, Air Reduction Sale, Co.. Div. of Air Reduction Co.. In c . Iace Insulated electrode holders, cable connectors, face shields and goggles. Masury-Young Co., Boston, Mass. f Jon?c. 1 Indi pti Philadephia, Pa. .'K m H"0' naintenance materials. f k ftloves, safety sleeves, hand guards, N orth P.V.C. gloves. North ^KcAn, Thom, Safety Shoe Div., New York, N. Y. clothing. Safety shoes. trie test instnm^nts. * stf, 0003-13 N,ho>utl %S<i/sly C OHytrsa Sitf rt V ) trroott, Jutitn A* Corp., Ridgewood, L. I., N. Y. a?nutg and safety lighting for municipal, industrial, utility and aviation u ^ ] tonald. B. F., Co., Los Angeles, Calif, dnstrial safety equipment. ical Supply Co., Rockford, III. rxiblc unit aid, snake bite first aid, burn first aid. lopotilan Life Insurance Co., New York, N. Y. ttftil materials for use in community health and safety programs. ro Switch, Div. ol MinneapoUs-Honeywell Regulator Co.. Freeport, III. ftiy interlock switches and electric controls for power machines. burn Co., Detroit, Mich. ij slon protective creams, ply garb safety and protective clothing, plyglvc* coaled work gloves, ply waterless hand cleaner. iler Equipment Co., Inc., Franklin, Pa. .metnen*t safety belts, straps accessories and industrial safety belts. ne Safety Appliance Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. >fcty equipment for every industry. itional Medical Supply Co., Chicago, 111. Industrial first aid supplies equipment and instruments. o-Flasher Mfg. Co., Burbank, Calif. Industrial, traffic emergency flashing signals. rsen engineering Co., Santa Clara, Calil. 'engo tension wire stringer, Pengo earth augers amt other construction c<|ui)tiucitt for the utility industry. Rubber Co., Willard, Ohio >loves; all kinds, liquid proof. Clinic Instruments, Inc., New York, N. Y. 'river testing and training equipment and visual aids foq driver and traffic safety. ***iv*a Safety Mfg. Co* Cleveland, Ohio 9 jwer press guards. ie State Products Co* Chicago, IU. |||leU l and electrical safety and directional signs. ^ grew Industries, Inc* Norwood, R. I. [Safety goggles. itectoseal Co* Chicago, 111. i*reAprevention equipment for flammable solvents. itsman, Ted Defrosto Mirrors, Inc* Lynwood, Calif. leer truck mirrors. . i fnlmosan Safety Equipment Corp* Brooklyn, N. Y. ` Respirators, eve protection, helmets, protective clothing, asbestos and leather glove. Putnam Rolling Ladder Co* Inc., New York, N. Y. \ Reinforced plastic and extension and single ladders, and oak rolling ladders. ewco Mlg. Co., Inc., K ansas City, Mo. Wire rope fittings, safety hooks, load protectors. Pyrene--C-O-Two Div., The Fyr-Fytcr Co* Newark, N. J. . Carbon dioxide and dry chemical extinguishcis and system* Stn- I * ew Castle Battery Mfg. Co., New Castle, Pa. School crossing signals. Racine Glove Co., Inc* Rio, Wis. .Gloves, apparel, protective equipment- leather, asbestos, and steel reinforced. flchols Engineering Co., Chicago. 111. Steel, unloading and tank car work platforms. ator Specialty Co* Charlotte, N. C. :-X-Cone rubber traffic guitjes. Jotifier Mlg. Co., Lincoln, Neb. olph Laboratories, Inc* Chicago, IU. Fire detection, sprinkler supervisory, watchman tour, municipal alarm systems. .Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, dry chemicals on automatic systems. Si >ccupation*l H aaards, Cleveland, Ohio {Reece Wooden Sole Shoo Co* Columbus, Neb. Publishers. ftWooden sole safety boots, shoes, and sandafs. Onox, Inc., San Francisco, Calif. Onox Skin Toughener and Footruats for Athlete's Foot. gel Textile Corp* Industrial Gloves Div* New York, N. Y. .-Industrial work gloves. Osborn Mfg. Corp* Warsaw, Ind. Safely Pliers and tongs for feeding punch presses. Rockwood Sprinkler Co* Worcester, Mass. `'Automatic fire protection systems; sprinklers, waterlog, fogfoam and foam. Osy-Catalyst, Inc* Wayne, Pa. i Mfg. Co* Denver, Colo, Catalytic purifiers for controlling CO and other automotive exhaust fumes. t... Industrial safely equipment. ' Psc-KIt Co., Greenwich, Conn. Unit type first aid equipment. Ptckwood, G. H., Mfg. Co., St. Louis, Mo. Safety industrial skin cleaners ami dispensers. Patent Scaffolding Co., Inc., Chicago, III. Wood, alumi*'" '* "*nd magnesium safety ladders, suspended sectional steel and; rt scaffolding sidewalk protection canopies, steel and fold-a- >flo!d. steel tubular! grandstand j Safeguard Mfg. Co* Woodbury, Conn. . Modern press guards. Jkleljr Box Toe Co* Boston, Mass. Safety steel Iocs. ^Safety Clothing & Equipment Co* Cleveland, Ohio *Safety clothing and equipment for every type of industrial woi Safety First Products Corp* Elmsford, N. Y. J 'i, f %extinguishers. IW7 Notional Safety Safety F irst Shoe Co., Inc., Holliston, Maas. Safety steel toe shoes for men. Safety First Supply Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Industrial safety equipment. Safety Tower Ladder Co., Burbank, Calif. Safety equipment for fixed ladders and scaffolds. ( <wyiiaH- Salisbury, W. H., & Co., Chicago, 111. Linemen's rubber protective equipment. Sarole, Inc* Linden, N. J. Non-traumatic carrier. Sawyer-Tower, Inc., Boston, Mass. All types of protective and safety clothing. Schrader's A., Son Div.. Brooklyn, M. Y. Pneumatic press controls, valves, cylinders and associated products. Scientific Industrial Supply Co., Chicago, 111 Gloves, clothing and general safety equipment. Scott Aviation Corp., Lancaster H. Y. Scott air-pak demand inlialator, demand respirator, liydro-pak. Searjeant Metal Products, Inc* Mendon, H. Y. Punch press safety guards, controls, and accessories. Sellstrom Mfg. Co., Palatine, IU. Face and eye protection equipment. Speakman Co., Wilmington, Del. Industrial emergency showers, eye-wash fountains. Standard Safety Equipment Co., Chicago, ILL Industrial safety equipment. Stephenson Corp., Red Bank, N. J. Automatic resuscitation equipment and chemical breath test for intoxication. Stonehouse Signs, Inc., Denver, Colo. Industrial accident prevention signs. Stop-Fir, Inc., New Brunswick, N. J. Fire extinguishers. T he Surety Rubber Co., Carrollton, Ohio Personal protective equipment for industrial and electrical workers. T he Surty Mfg. Co., Inc., Chicago, 111. Linemen's safety equipment and industrial workers protective equipment. Taylor, S. G. Chain Co., Inc., Hammond, Ind. "Tayylloor-Made* alloy steel sling chains and allied products including Tayco allleoy steel drop forged hooks. Tect, Inc* Dumont, N. J. Vythene and other Tecsolve safety solvents. Titraus Optical Co., Inc., Petersburg, Va. Safety eyewear, ophthalic instruments, lenses, frames and sun wear. Tool N } A? Co., Inc., Coverdale, Pa. ng hand tools and hand protectors for same. ) ) Safety /:\i/'if- i * 'Union Wire Rope Corp., Kansas City, Mo. $ Sr Wire rope "Tufty" slings, "Tufty" towlines. f United States Safety Sendee Co., Kansas City, Mo.( \ Industrial eyewear. * jj Universal Match Corp., SL Louis, Mo. ? Safety programs for employees, match book rafety % san tation programs, fire prevention programs, j programs, employee health, }Wagner Sign Service, Inc* Chicago^ III. Mfy.W'vagner changeable copy displays. iWatchcmoket Optical Co., In c , Providence, R. I. . t "Eye-Savers" plastic eye protection and Ptasi-Glqjv safety signs. [Welsh Mfg. Co., Providence, R. I. ['Safety goggles, lens, face shields and helmets. [Western Industrial Pharmaceuticals Co., Ssn Franc sco, Calif. Poison ivy, oak and sumac ointment. ^Westiine Products Div. of W estern Lithograph Co., Los Angeles, Calif. ^Industrial signs, markers, safety signs, pipe markers, labels, letters-mimhcrs-?i:r* ^Wheeler Protective Apparel, Inc., Chicago, 111. fF!ivIndustrial safety clothing for heat and abrasive hazards. ^Whitney, L. A., Associates, Inc* New York, N . Y. V . Visual aids--flannel boards, programs--complete art and production service. Williams Jewelry & M fg. Co., Chicago, III. . Safety awards, badges and trophies. Willson Products Div., Ray-O-Vac Co., Reading, Pa. Industrial goggles, gas masks, helmets and respirators, and allied safety devices. The Wilson Rubber Co., A Div. of Becton, Dickinson A Co., Canton, Ohio ?; Rubber and synthetic industrial gloves lor even use. fyig ***' Wolverine Shoe ft Tanning Corp* Rockford, Midi, t Industrial safety shoes. EDUCATIONAL EXHIBITORS lean Optometric Assn., SL Louis, H o. "Vision For Safety"--On T he Highway, iH Industry. jotute National Laboratory, Lamont, 11L `"Equipment and Guides Used in the Performance of Ra Scouts of America, N ew Brunswick, N . J. Exhibit of 1958 Good T urn Campaign. -American Safety Council, Inc., New York, N. Y. The Safety Council serving all Latin America. Islioual Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C. *"Loading Effects of Wind on Towers." itlonal Society for The Prevention of Blindness, Mew Educational material on conservation and utilization ol IfetyW--&V^ .*a*** 000315' rW.'j*/ *. 4, . ) I OFFICERS OF THE AERONAUTICAL INDUSTRIES SM HONi NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 General C W muh-J O H N S. T. SWANSON, safety engineer, Orenda Engines ! Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Senior Viet Chairman (West) --FRANK W. STARR, safety & conservation adn Douglas Aircraft Co., Inc., Long Reach, Calif. I'if# Chairman (Central)--L Y L E A. GATES, safety engineer, Douglas Aircraft Ca,J Tutu, Okla. dwlriol Hygiene Chairman (IVest)--MRS. HELEN W. GIERE, R. N. first aid nurse, glliaaile Systems Div., Lockheed Aircraft Corp., Holloman Air Development Center,' Mlamogordo, N. M. | ttnai Hygiene Chairman (East)--J. C SEWELL, safely and workmens compcnsa- tlioa division manager, Wriglit Aeronautical Div., Curfiss-Wright Corp., Wood-Ridge, fN. J. or Membership Chairman (E a tt)-E . L. N E w llA N , Chief of Ground Safety (EWABG) Headquarters, Wright-Patlcrson Air Force Base, Ohio. . ' \ Membership Chairman (CentraI) --EDWARD V. SISUL, supervisor. Safety & Medical I'Dept., McDonnall Aircraft Corp., St. Louis, Mo. X bership Chainnan (W est)--H O W ARD R. KIENLK safety supervisor. Transport {Div., Boeing Airplane Co., Renton, Wash. Jdke-Job Safety Chairman (Centrai)--F. E. VAN HORN, safety and security super|visorv Industrial Relations Dtv., Solar Aircarft Co,, D cj Moines, Iowa Viet Chairman (Eait)--KENNETH L. STEBBINS, director of safely, LycomingJ AVCO Manufacturing Corp., Stratford, Conn. 1 SVrrcfory and Newsletter Editor--HUGH J, McRAE, safely director, AVRO Limited. Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 1-the-Job Safety Chairman (East) --HAROLD L. RUSH chief. Ground Safely Div., jHq. Tactical A ir Command, United States Air Force, Langley Air Force Rase, Va. or Statistics and Contest Chairtnan (W est) --LEE II. JOHNSON, chief safety engix, Nortlirup Aircraft, Inc., Hawthorne, Calif. Newsletter Editor (East)--GEORGE LOUDON, ground safely director, Hq. SSlh'j Division (Defense), United States Air Force, Wright-Patlcrson A ir Force Bas^ (" isties and Contest Chairman (Central) --GEORGE II. IIEECK, safely director, Denver The Martin Co., Denver, Colo. Newsletter Editor (Central) --RICHARD P. DENTNER, safely engineer, Rocketdy A Division of North American Aviation, Inc., Neosho, Mo. lies and Contest Chairtnan (East) --JOHN W. KENT, clicf safely engineer, AVCO --Research and Advanced Development Division, *lass. Nnvsleitcr Editor (Vest)--C. W. LOWREY supervisor. Health ami Safety Office, Personnel. Hughes Research and Development Laboratories, Hughes Aircraft G Culver City, Calif. Senior Proprom Chainnan (W est)--JO H N D. DONOHUE, safety supervisor, Rohr A craft Corp., Clmla Vista, Calif; Vrogrom Chairman (Central)--W. H. STAPLES, safety and medical supervisor, TEMjl Aircraft Corp., Dallas, Texas. mg Range Planning Committee--HARRY J. WARREN (Cuairman), director. Ground Safely Hq. CON AC, Mitchell Air Force Rase, Loiig Island. N ,Y.; CLYDE R. HARLIN, chief, Ground Safely Div., Directorate of Personnel, Headquarters Oklahoma City A ir Materiel Area, United Stales Air Force. Tinker Air Force Rase, Ofcla.; R. T, HOMEWOOD, chief. Ground Safely Office, Headquarter* Air Materiel Gommami. United States Air Force, Wright-Patterson Air Force Rase, Ohio: It. S. NA1SH, chief of employee services and safety, CON VA IR--A Division of General Dynamics Corp., Pomona, Calif. Program Chairman ( E a s t)- E. E. COLE, deputy chief. Ground Safely Office, f u j " * ^ r ' US^ 1( .Rc' , ' n r " " quarters AMC (MCAS). Wnght-Pa.terson Air Force De. Ohio. DCS/Personnel. Department of the A.r Force. Wnslungton. D. C. Br0,"M' Senior Edmalion and Training Chairman ( W r . l ) - M. M. CLANCY, general super ^ P " a"?* A San Diego, Calif. Edueation end Training Chairman (Central)--FRF.D I*'. KEl EN HURf, ground sah director, llq. San Antonio Air Materici Arca, Kelly Air Force Rase, Texas. Edueation and Training Chairman (East)--B. J. WILKE, JR., chief safety enfia Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corp., Rethpage, Long Island, N. Y. ifety engineer, CONVAIR--A Division of (citerai Dynamics Corp., Fort Worth, Texas; II. I. HEM PHILL safely director; AIKe*c*rcli Manufacturing Co., A Division I Garrett Corp., Los Angeles, Calif.; II. S. MOORE, safely director, Grumman Air lift Engineering Corp., Rethpage, Long Island, N. Y.; M. L. ANDREWS, El undo Div., Douglas Aircraft Co., Inc., El Seguiulo, Calif. ; R. WILKINS safety kninistrator. North American Aviation, Inc., Los Angeles, CalifJ .Vmior Engineering Chairman (Central) --FRED L. DENTON, general supervisor. Salt Representative--HOWARD H. WARZYN National Safct. Section, Boeing Airplane Co., Wichita, Kan. Engineering Chairman (East) --FRANKLIN KNIGHT JR., chief safety engineer, Geocj Division. Lockheed Aircraft Coip.. Marietta, Ca. Engineering Chairmun ( W e s t) - ii. C. VAL DEZ, chief safety engineer, CONVAU A Division of General Dynamics Corp., San Diego, Calif. SrmVi Phyl. / Hygiene Chairtnan (Central)--J. K. LEVERETT, M.D. chief f JNVAIR--A Division of General Dynamics Corp., Fori Worth, 32 Officias or ih i AIR TRANSPORT SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Gmerot Chairman--W. E. BERTRAM, superintendent, Industrial Safety ftc Seairily, M Northwest Airlines, Inc., St. Faul, Minn. y F7#-CAdirmon--DALE M. ESTF.LL, safety engineer, Trans World Airlines, Farlcville,] Mo. 5 # frrle ry -H . L. BUTLER, supervisor, Maintenance Manuals & Training, Eastern Akj lines. Colonial Div., Flushing, N. Y. N rw titU rr Editor--N. L. CHRl STOFFEL. staff superintendent, Safety. United Ate] Lines, Stapleton Airfield, Denver, Colo. Education amd Training Oimiow Chairman--DOUGLAS R. MACKINTOSH, safety director, Alexander k Alexander, New York, N. Y. CAsinwon--Poster Committee--SERGIO SOLI MAN, superintendent. Safely A Security Div., Philippine Air Lines, Inc., Manila, Philippines. Choirman--Sehoots Committee--GEORGE H. CALDWELL, director of safety, Academy of Aeronautics, Flushing, N. Y. Chairman-- Training Aids Committee--C. F, SCHAUB, ground safety director, Capltit Airlines, Washington, D. C. Engineering Division Chairman--JO H N DICKSON, fire & safety supervisor. Tram* Canada Airlines, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Chairman--Airport Committee--HERBERT KAUL, safely supervisor. Casualty, Imprc*1 tkm k Safety Div., The Port of New York Authority, New York, N. Y. Chairman--Cargo Committee--RAYMON D BRADY, staff assistant. Cargo Service, Unit! Air Lines, Denver, Colo. *' Chairman--Maintenance Connuiffrr---ALLEN W, DALLAS, director. Engineering Dir, Air Transport Assn, of America, Washington, I). C. \ Health Committee Chainnun--W. A. il ICIUNE. JR., su|>crvisor, Engineering Dept. Tk Fidelity A Casually Co. of New York, New York. N. Y. ? Membership Division Chairman--CHARLES T. BURNEY, executive assistant, Transports-, lion Insurance Rating Bureau, Chicago, lit. jj Ciflinuflw--Local Srs7c Lines Committee--ARTHUR E. SCIIW ANDT, vice-president* Industrial Relations, North Central Airlines, Inc., Minneapolis, Minn. * *9 CfcoiTmon--Service Operations Committee--RALPH I. DEE, ground safety engineer,- United Air Lines, Denver, Colo. J a Of-the-Job Safety C-ltairman--L. CORBEIL, fire & safety supervisor, Trans-Canath; Airlincs, Dorval, Quchec. Canada. 9 Progn tan-- II. L, MORRIS, safety engineer, liastern Air Lines, Inc., Miami ) *t */#*< Reiaiiaas Chaiimi--li. I-. POI I l'.K, tt Al line*, Im \, T mIm , O U . Itid'iilitil S u ffit, Amrri>ii. 'StolisiUt Chairtnan--J. A. O'DONNELL, Mall manager. Industrial Safely, Americaii ,Airlines Inc., Flushing, N. Y. f im ita ry Refirruntative--MAJOR C V. CARSOhf, Air Force ROTO Del. 80S. A A M ^ College of Texas, College Slation, Texas. \ '^Advisory Coannittee--JO SE PH M. CHASE, manager, Div, of Maintenanre & Equip. ( meni. Flight Safety Foundation, Ine., New Yrk, N. Y.; D. U. GORDON-CAR* ^ MICHAEL, properties & safety assistant, Trans-Canada Airlines, Montreal, Quebec, , Canada; JERO M E LEDERER, managing director. Flight Safety Foundation, Inc., New York, N. Y.; E. T. LEE, assistant director of security, Eastern Air Lines, Miami, F la ; H. R. ROOD A, secretary. Transportation insurance Rating llurcau, Chicago, III.; ;H . W. SCHILLING, [safety engineer. Trans World Airlines, Kansas City. Kan.; COLONEL GILBERT) E. TEAL, USAF, Defaity Commander, Hq A F Personnel & Training Research Center, Lackland Air F o r Base, San Antonio, Texas; J. H. i.WATER MAN, manager, t round Safety, Tram World Airlines, Kansas City, Mo. ila f Rrfresrntative-- HOWARD II. WAKZYN, National Safely Council, Chicago* Ml. sv ) 1937 Notional S a fety Congrats job. Our objcliv(9 should include effort* to promote the tif d y of employee and tlirif families by: maintaining a comprehen sive safety program for employees driving company owned vehicles; providing material on highway safety to aid employees driving their own cars; encourage employees to develop safe practices m their homes, on the farm, or In recreational activities; par ticipating in community safety activities. EXTEND EFFORTS OFF-JOi The fruits of plant safety discipline should be shown in the off-thc-job activities of the employee. If we have really sold him on the rules of conduct not only for ma chinery operation, but alt phases of personal safety, then the employee will practice these rules not only in has own home, but also in driving bis car or while using recreational facilities. This docs not answer the question of how many days* suspension an employee should receive for an infraction of safety rules. I have purposely refrained from attempting to answer that question because an my opinion that is not a safety problem. The punishment for the infraction of rule is nctually the responsibility ofin conjunction with the Labor Department. Where there are many Inf rules, it is probably due to the fact top echelon of the organisation are whole-heartedly in agreement with tliat the supervisor In immediate charge used the rules as a matter of coni rather than as a matter of proti the employee. Good safety discipline cannot be by the number of people suspended V lation of safety rules but rather measured by the spirit, the push, sincerity with which top management' ates the safety program. Safety is the direct result of sound, r logical rules of conduct as r; by the safety department, and enf< all levels of management. Safety discipline depends on the at and the manner in which the suj carries out his day to day assignments contacts with the employee. Safety pline is the day to day activities of the ployee carrying on his routine duties only on ihe job, but also off the J o k A I i B } ) (CERS OF THE fcEMENT, QUARRY AND MINERAL AGGREGATES SECTION i [! NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 ; Chairman--SEYMOUR B. FLEMING, safety director, New York Trap Rock 3; ,,Weit Nyack, N. Y. ' Editor--ROY G. STOTT, mining health ami finely engineer, U. S. Bureau of Asgt Washington, D. C J yrtkip CommitI*e: PAUL HEDLEY, chairman, vrce-prcstdent-produclion, North (poican Cement Co, New York, N. Y,; W H IT J. WISE, supervisor. Safety A Pcr- i*Southwest Stone Co., Dallas, Tex. ' Chmrmon--FRED E. STORCH, director, Safely & Personnel, Tlic Whitehall I M l,. Co., Cementon, Pa. jrd iih & Training Cotnmtitee Co-Chairmen: C. S. HERZOG, industrial relations ger, Dravo Corp., fCeystcjiie Div., Pittsburgh, |*a.; A. U. 1IOFTIEZEK, safety or, Laverack & Haines, Inc., Buffalo, N. Y. Job Safety Committee: H. F. JOHNSTON, chairman. The Funkliouser Co., rstown, Md. ; WALTER A. DEARTH, co-chairman. General Crushed Stone Co., , Pa. ^y Chairman--D. D. SE1PLE, JR., safety director. Standard Slag Ca, Youngstown, 1& Contest Committee: JOHN E. MACHISAK, chairman, acting chief Accident fits Branch, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C ; ROY STOTT, Co-Chair, subdistrict supervisor. United States Bureau of Mines, District A, Washington, i f up ChnrrMR--ARVID T1KNSON, safety director. Material Service Corp., >111 'presentotive--CLINTON H. HOCH, National Safety Council, Chicago, fit. 0003S8 t ) ) U U lV 'i J Chemical lit 1957 National Softly Congress difficult problem. These people may be in led V h c l white it in' slilljit lcr highly hardened component in high pressure equipment is the cap of the common, flatgasket type high pressure reactor or "bomb." This is required for practical, structural reasons, .but we attempt to avoid it by using other types of closures in all but small, medium-pressure vessels. With this one exception, a minimum of 10 per tent elongation should be specified for materials used tn the construction of high pressure equipment. When purchasing metal stock for this use it is wise to specify metal that is free of flaws or inclusions, and is warranted by x-ray or other suit able tests. Before a vessel is placed in service it must be pressure tested, preferably to one and one-half times its maximum working pressure. A log sheet should thereafter be kept for each vessel so that a history of its service is available. Frequent inspection of each vessel and regular periodic pressure tests are required to avoid failure resulting from corrosion, small stress cracks, embrittlen ent, etc. CONED CONNECTION The common coned high pressure connec cated behind a barric*dw.*red*uhserved with mirrors. They should not be used to more than 70 per cent of rating, and will last s lot longer and maintain accuracy better tl used at only SO per cent of rated pressure. Gas storage or supply cylinders arc rather "thin-skinned" and should not be located h an operating cubicle. In event of trouhlv their presence can only add to the problem^ The use of check valves in lines betwcu^ vessels, reactors, supply cylinders, etc sdds greatly to the safety of the operation. These' one-way valves prevent the possible back ing up of a reactant o r catalyst, which css have disastrous consequences. J However, a word of caution concerning the use of check valvesl They are usually s spring-loaded ball valve and are easily fouled and rendered inoperative by im l amounts of foreign* material or d irt Fre quent inspection and testing of these devices is imperative, otherwise one may be led into a false sense of security. In essence, the human side of safety re duces itself to one point--education. The problem becomes one of teaching men ts understand their equipment and to think carefully before they act. For instance, out the area only occasionally and for short periods of time. They may have little knowledge of the equipment or work, and must be carefully instructed regarding safety practices which may be peculiar to high pressure work. This type of situation wit! vary with the particular installation and circumstances, but we ^1 should always keep in mind the uninformed "stranger** who la s occasion to be in the area. Clear thinking and attention to detail are essential in this type of work. Always be on guard for signs of trouble. For instance, r when releasing the pressure from a system ' 'it is possible to detect an obstruction in the ' entry to a pressure vessel by observing such 'th in g s as the rate of fall of pressure in the tines. Abnormal behavior in this respect is *l *a sign of danger. Observation of such signs may avert the disastrous consequences of opening a sup- jtn tfy M W must learn iWHIcWcI ( imef, ititrf,*" l|ki h- signs and to deal with them safely. 'he same philosophy applies to disassem bly) and maintenance work on such equip ment. Each line and vessel must lie treated at jjliough it is a loaded gun until you arc absolutely certain about it. High pressure work may be done safety if rre use clear, critical thinking and careful planning. We cannot afford to be hasty, to disregard safety practices "just this one time" or to let our guard down in any other waf. This applies to all types of high pres*urp work, be it large or smalt, simple or elaborate. yen if the installation is small and fumh are limited, it is still possible to keep this basic philosophy and conduct the work in a safe manner. In that rcsject, safely is tike happiness--it is the man that counts ami money just cannot buy it.Ak. CONTROLLING HEALTH HAZARDS tion has frequently been a source of diffi must somehow get across the idea that high culty, most of which is easily avoidable pressure equipment, just because it looks IN A CHEM ICAL PLANT with a little care and attention. The scaling surface is on the tapered end of the tubing, and the force is applied from the threaded rugged, docs not require a strong arm and i) a long-handled wrench for assembly. Care cleanliness, and a sawed-off open-end wrench by ROBERT A . KEHOE, M.D. gland via the collar on the tubing. First, the seating surfaces and threads should always be smooth, dean, and in good order. If not, they should be remacliincd or replaced as may be the case. A common error in assembly of one of these connections is in not placing the collar the proper distance back on the tubing. If ' it is too far back a good seal can be made but all of the force is taken by only a por tion of the threads of the gland, resulting in failure under pressure. High pressure gauges present some prob lems, but a little thought when locating them will easily remedy this. Always use the solid front or "blow-out*' back type of high pressure gauge and remove the glass face cover. A piece of plastic film may be will usually do~a much more effective joh on research scale equipment. OPERATING PRACTICES r- FoinU such as this must be emphasized,J '/ . demonstrated, and then continually te *' ' emphasized. We had a technician will whom we had to go so far as absolutely to forbid him to operate a high pressure valve with any more force than he could exert by holding the valve handle between his little finger and thumb. This may have been an extreme measure, but the man finally \ understood. We use job description sheets, our acci dent prevention Key Point Cards and other means of discussion to review important v. points and hazards with the men. Ok must cultivate the idea that the safety prac head, D ept. Preventive M edicine & Industrial H ealth, C ollege o f M edicine, University o f Cincinnati, Cincinnati. O hio Hazards that are likely to be present in a chemical plant are: 1. Ordinary mechanical hazards --accidental injuries (falls, dislocations, sprains, fractures, contusions, laoera- tions, thermal and chemical burns, for eign bodies in eye or skin) --in association with mechanical equip ment, noise, vibration, fires, explosion, flying particles or missiles, slippery floors, rigging, stairs, ladders, elevators, vehicles 2. Modern physical hazards --ultraviolet and infra red radiation; ultra- 3. Chemical hazards --old and well known (but not fully con trolled) chemicals --new products of research and develop ment (often unexplored) --exposure in course of research on new products --pilot plant development of new products or processes --new manufacturing processes involving new ways of handling well-known chemicals or new chemicals. ( 1) locus of hazards--aspect of portal of entry--local cffccls, such as i#.n- placed over the front of the gauge to keep ticcs arc ground rules which arc just not! out d; uges should never be placed in to be broken. In a large plant such as oun1 sonus, high frequency waves; X-ray, radium, other alpha, beta or gamma tact with skin, dermatitis--m um u>;ilion, gross injury to skin, stein can such; with c lion as to be directly in line the men who come into the area frr ting personnel, but are belt lo shops and services department prc\ radiation cer, or inhalation of gases, vapors. { i9S7 /. ..om it S a f e t y C o n g ress of aerosols sucli as acid mists, metal fumes, smoke, and radioactivity. In recent years, study and measurements of even smaller particles in air than pre viously observed, known as condensation nuclei, have contributed greatly to our under standing of the nature and number of parti cles in air. The particles in the air on which water will condense are called condensation nuclei; under natural condifiims only the larger particles are so effective. When the air is sufficiently super-saturated apparently any particle will serve. as a condensation center. Particles from such diverse substances as platinum, silver, stearic acid,, glycerin and lubricating oil will all form droplets at a sufficiently high supersattiraiton of water vapor. Practical methods are now available to measure the number of particles in an aerosol in free air. A wider use of the technique already available for sire and numbers of an aerosol would not only throw light on some of the problems of air pol lution but would certainly lead to further improvements in our knowledge of aerosols. Respirators for insecticides are tested and listed by the U. S. Department of Agricul ture. B. G A SE S A N D V A P O R S In this major group may be included most of the air contaminants which arc not classi fied as aerosols. 1. irritant gases are those which produce inflammation of tissue, such as the skin, the eyes, and the respiratory tract membranes. They are divided into two general groups: a. action is limited to irration (such as hydrogen choride) b. action extends to systemic effect (such at oxides of nitrogen) Some of these gases and vapors have pro nounced odors, but the nose cannot be depended upon as a reliable method of es timating concentrations. 2. Asphyxionts are substances which de prive the body (issues of o\)gcn, causing hypoxia (oxygen starvation). Two general methods of action me known: simple asphyxiants (such as nitrogen, hydrogen, helium, and methane), which dilute or re place the oxygen partial pressure in air; and chemical a ants (such as carbon inon- U ' ) 0 0 0 3 J '* Chrtniail f 1 oxide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide acetonitrile, aromatic nitro and amino com|M>titids like aniline, nitrobemmna and deriva tives), which combine with the hemoglobin of the blood to prevent oxygen-carbon diox ide exchange. The insidious nature of the action of the simple asphyxiants, and the speed with which they can act, is still not widely appre ciated; whereas most people have a healthy res|>ect for the chemical asphyxiants. Under proper medical supervision, pure nitrogen nay be breathed for several seconds and this technique has been used clinically by Hlmwich and others. However, nitrogen and the. other simple asphyxiants gave almost no warning between the time breathing air is replaced with the asphyxiant and uncon sciousness overtakes the subject. PHYSICAL REACTIONS A loss of mental facilities begins within a few seconds, and unconsciousness may occur shortly after with no warning. The brain is the first organ of the body to be affected seriously by oxygen want, and the subject "blacks out** quickly. Mention is made of this littlc-apprecialed phenomenon not only because asphyxiants can be released in a room or tank with inadequate warning from the action of a fixed carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, from a large spill of liquid nitrogen, front a leaking gas sys tem, from an inert-gas producer, or from s leaking cylinder, J>ul also because airlinesupplied respirators, hoods and suits are frequently attached to a plant air supply with little appreciation of the hazard. For example, at the Acids and Heavy Chemicals sub-section meeting, Chemical section. National Safety Council, October 25, 1956, no company present reported ue of a special air system (or respiratory equip ment. If a cross-connection should occur anywhere in the air system which would permit ait asphyxiant, toxic, or flammable gas to enter the air used for breathing, the results can easily and rapidly be fatal. Oxygen, used indiscriminately, may also be a hazard, since serious fires have been reported where oxygen, either from a cylin der or an airline, or a leaking hose or pipe, was used for breathing purposes in an air line respirator or Itood where welding or other flames were involved. Only a com- pleicly separate air supply, supplied by compressor which cannot evolve carbon inon oxide, carbon dioxide, oil mist or other un wanted impurities o r from cylinders o tested known purity should be used for air* line respirators, hoods o r suits. In any event, regardless of supply, the system should include pressure relief valves, filters and absorbents as recommended. 2. Anaesthetics are gases and vapor* whose action is primarily by inducing the symptoms of anaesthesia when inlialcd in sufficient quantities. These Include the sub stances which come to mind when the word "anaesthetics'* is mentioned, such as the * ethers, chloroform, methyl chloroform ( 1, 1,1* trichloroclhane), trichloroethylene, ethylene oxide and nitrous oxide (laughing gas), as well as hydrocarbons, aldehyde, ketones, i other hatogenated hydrocarbons, the aro matic hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, and \ carbon disulfide. 1 DECOMPOSITION OCCURS r In addition to the physiological action of these materials alonp and in combination, decomposition products are produced in a fire o r when they are otherwise subjected to heat Even relatively harmless substances such as ihe Frcons and the Genctrons, * (widely used as non-flammable refrigerants i of low toxicity, as replacements for am monia, sulfur and ctlofoe), will evolve toxic decomposition product; if they are heated above their decomposition temperatures. This } lias occurred where Fteons and Gcnetrons 1* . were used as cleaning solvents. t * ; Metal parts, after cleaning, were heated * above the safe limits in order to dry and * flash off the remaining solvent Several ) persons were hospitalized with pulmonary * congestion. Trichloroethylene degreasera, properly installed, maintained and operated, arc safe, yet flic failure or misuse of these vapor degreasers lias created serious haz* ards including both fires and toxicity. ' Mass hysteria and unconsciousness due to i the littlc-apprccialcd anaesthetic action of | the trichloroethylene lias occurred in sec * onds; in one incident 72 persons were over come, and in another, 26. Fortunately, all recovered after removal to fresh air and n oxygen inhalation. The hazards of cnrlton tetrachloride mixtures in fire fighting and in other applications are well documented. y4.*"Sttbsto*ces producing other /{ /*-- ^his classification includes several suh.-kM*. t s q $S action differ . from i>rcgiqps l |-nci>ed substances. Included in this group arc mercury, white phosphorus, tetraethyl lead, nickel carbonyl, arsine, the Itoron hy drides, phosphine, hydrogen sulfide, and the widely-publicized military "nerve qaxi*." Tljc initial action of these gases and v;ip*is is ^'primarily on the nervous system, with respiratory arrest following. 4 CONTAMINANTS COMBINE the above classifications appear com plicated, it must be remembered that these aif contaminants seldom occur alone, and that: even less is known about the cumhiiicd action of two or more substances, especially if fliey arc in different groups, than of the individual substances. Even if p:iilicb> in th e 'a ir are non-toxic in thcuisclvr*. ificv arc known to art as m in ers of condt n.dlo toxic vapors--formaldehyde can have its toxicity increased five times by the presence of an aerosol. It is little wonder, thru, that irsp*ta!*iy ptotcction can liccomc a highly r*mpli*.ii-l s ihjcct. and that the practical appli* alimi of respirators, gas masks, ami sclf-roninimd b. entiling apparatus (alt wills their limita tions), even by persons thoroughly trained in their use, is not cut-and-dricd or fool proof. Relatively untrained persons in an emer gency situation, are in especially vulnerable positions. Many of the case histories at tached to this paper clearly point to the need for more widespread appreciation of the nature of the hazard, as well as of the limits of the various respiratory protective equipment used. RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE DEVICES A. A IR -rV R IE V tN G RESPIRATO RS The fundamental limitations of any air purifying device are that the air must he within the limits for which the respirator was designed (for example, the oxygen content must be more than 16 per cent) ; the particular unit will only protect again?! the Specific substance or comhmntio: fr whitfi it was designed, (f i example, a ero sol (flispcrsoidl (filter type) respirators will give 1* no protection against gases ami vapors) ; and the canister or filter must be V r IPS7 Notional S a fe ty Congress 0 0 o a r 3 C/irUliru/ htiif.tti. naintaitict in proper working coiulition (on reduced where higlier concentrations of mer a properly maintained facepiece tlmt fits cury from elevated lcmpefatfcMfrgnd pres snugly enouglt to exclude leakage): sures are present. (There Is no Bureau of Aerosol (filter lype) respirators require frequent changes in filters when breathing resistance heroines uncomfortable when used where excessive dust or fumes arc involved. Chemical cartridge respirators will safely protect only against the specific vapors and Mines approval schedule for mercury res pirators). Combination cartridges have the limitation of a shorter service life when used witfi one particular type of hazard than (he equivalent specific single-purpose canister would have for the same hazard. gases in non-emergency situations where no more than 0.1 per cent is encountered. Extremely toxic materials, such as acro lein, acrylonitrile, aniline, diiuethylaniline, arsine, bromine, carbon disulfide, carbon monoxide, diinethylsulfate. hydrogen cyan ide, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen sclctiide, hydrogen sulfide, iodine, methyl bromide, methyl chloride, nickel and iron carbonyl, nitrobenzene, nitroglycerine, nitrometliane, oxides of nitrogen, ozone, phosgene, phos phine, phospltorus, trichloride, stibine, sulfur chloride, the boron hydrides and others are too toxic even in low concentrations for re liance to be placed on simple cartridge type respirators. FACEPIECE T/PES Normally, respirators use a 'half-mask' facepiece, covering the nose and mouth, . while gas masks use both full-masks and. full facepieces. (Only full facepieces on ; gas masks are approved by tlie Bureau of Mines). R e c e n tly , the "sell-rescue" or "pocket" respirator, normally used with i \ cartridge containing Hopcalite with a dryer and designed for escape from mines, hasV been extended into other cartridges. The mouthpiece of this style respirator is held tightly by the front teeth of the wearer, and the breathing is accomplished through the mouth. A nose damp blocks off the openings of the nostrils, and prevents irri HOT TOR ODORLESS GASES tation of the membranes of the nose. A Chemical cartridge respirators should not be used against gases which arc odorless or whose odor threshold is high, since the only warning of failure of the respirator or of concentrations which are above the ability of the respirator is odor. Methyl chloride is an example of such a gas whose warning properties are too slight for practical pur poses. Substances which arc highly irritat ing to tlic eyes, such as sulfur dioxide, re quire eye protection (such as a gaslight goggle, an air-supplied hood, or a full-face piece). Several tacrimatory (tear-producing) sub- neckband permits the respirator to be worn ready for instant use. Twelve different filter cartridges will fit the basic holder and j mouthpiece. Industrial canister-type gas masks, with; canisters designed for specific substances 01 combinations, have the same limitations in, general as chemical cartridge respiratory; except they are effective in concentrations of any specific gas or mcmltcr* of the saraa*^ group of gases for which they are designed, of not more thau two per cent in air or a* two per cent total (or a mixture of gases| for which the canister is designed. 't tances, such as benzyl chloride, are in the The ammonia canister is approved for/ *same classification, and a respirator alone . three per cent ammonia. Iror shorter periods' is clearly inadequate. Some substances, such of time, industrial canister-type gas masks' as carbon monoxide, cannot be stopped by can be used its higher concentrations, but a chemical cartridge (except by the Hop- the time of service life will be reduced. calite in (he Type N universal gas mask Depending on the size of the canister, and * and in tire miner's pocket self-rescuer). the service for which it was designed, the^. Ammonia cartridge respirators will protect service lime varies. 'V against ammonia up to t ,000 p.p.m., while Protection (or a combination of various- eye irritation from ammonia begins at about gases, such as acid gases, organic vapory 700 p.p.m. and ammonia can all be obtained in one', Mercury cartridge respirators arc effec canister, but the service life of such i'* tive against concentrations of mercury vapor comlHiiation is shorter in the combined can- ' nornar aimtcred at ambient tempera istcr when used with one specific substance,^ ture, .ervicc life is proportionately than is the life of an equivalent ca'** designed for specific substance alotj to keep , flic Hopcalite dry.* and :ho to only warning that a canister or provent excessive breathing resistance front as "exhausted'* is the detection of developing as tlic dryttMuriilRiics moist. vapor or gas passing through the canister or cartridge. ( The shelf-life of the universal canister, ohee (lie canister lias been attached to the Persons who need corrective lenses m facepiece is one year, if sfoicd with the order to work properly when wearing the Iffttom seal in place, even though the mask respiratory protection, especially full face- has not been used. If stored with both top pieces, may find of interest two methods of aiid bottom seals unopened, as received from incorporating lenses inside a facepiece. One the manufacturer, the shelf-life is considered method consists of wire frames which fit b j some to be four, and by others, five around the circumference of the sight lenses, yiars. and hold a 50-mm round prescription lens. ' With an respirator or gas mask, the prob J PRESCRIPTIONS IN FACEPIECES f A second method consists of a center \ post built inside the mask, onto which can i be attached 40mm rimless glasses. Such ' arrangements seldom allow perfect alignrjt,ment of the prescription lenses to the view- er*s eyes, but, with adjustment, a sufficiently j accurate fitting can be achieved for most $ purposes for reasonably long periods of * time. \ Tlte type N universal gas mask canister , is constructed of several layers including activated carbon (to remove organic vapors), r soda lime (to remove acid gases and carbon dioxide), copper sulfate (to protect against - .ammonia gas), silica gel and oilier dryers y . (to remove moisture both before and after 1^ (lie Hopcalite), and Hopcalite itself (a mixr hire of metallic oxides which catalyzes the lem of proper fitting of the facepiece is critical. In addition to the time hoimml technique of holding the hand over the oficning in the bottom of the canister while (dialing gently to sec that the (arrpiece will ccllapsc on the face, another technique re cently suggested by the A.U.C. is to use isoamyl acetate. Since isoamyl acetate (which smell sim ilar to bananas) can lc detected in a con centration of as Imv as one part fer mil lion, a small leak will he detectd ii ihc acetate is placed cm cotton and flu* eoston passed slowly around the edges if the m:tk without hutching either the w cam V !;* or the mask. If the wearer can detirt the odor, a leak is indicated and the mask should be further adjusted until the odor can no longer be detected. t6 conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon CIVIL DEFENSE. MASKS f dioxide), plus a filler for smoke*. As part of its chemical warfare defence This canister can be used protection program, lire Fclcral Civil !)c(cnr Al- ,against smoke and gases which do not ex mmistration is stockpiling a mask desig ceed two per cent by volume total, where nated as CD V-800 organizational mask for I..adequate amounts of oxygen are presentuse by civil defense personnel. Tlic canister Sixteen per cent oxygen is dted as the 1 P practical minimum, but life is not gtually i in danger until about 14 per c c M y p jJ p l ( oxygen is present. A timer is used to count * the number of inhalations, and indicates ^about two hours total use. * o n . this chin-style mask is the same as used In the U. S. Army Assault Mask. Ib is mask is reported to give "excellent pro tection against CW (Chemical W arfare) amt I1W (Biological W arfare) agents, as well as against the inhalation of radio & DISPOSE OF CANISTERS iT; A canister should be discarded at least y.*$ soon as the timer indicates the pointer has completed one revolution, if not sooner. ;One authority recommends that universal canisters be weighed immediately on re script from the manufacturer, and that they logical particles, or CBR (chemical, bio logical and radiological)". Designed to lie used in conjunction with a detection kit, CD V-810, which will dclctt a :u distinguish between the nerve gases a! the mustard gases, the V-800 mask is r. specific mask for war gases (including t he discarded as soon as they have gained rerve gases) and will not protect again*. p 45 grams. This 45 grams limit w'is inqtoscd cUbon monoxide, ammonia and other gases. Jdsincc it represents the limit of the dryers Ijhe Army Chctnica1 * "ps recently an- 1957 Notional Safety Congrest ttoimcrd d new F.-I3 nnsk (or troops. It route. These hose masks can bo ttafd u fely is used for head, face ami respiratory pil It designed to give the soldier complete protection gainst the inhalation of war gases. germ warfare agents and airborne radioactive fallout particles, but docs not protect against direct radiation. The new mask does not have the pro truding canister used in current masks. This was made possible through develop ment by the Chemical Corps of a new light-weight, pliable gas*acrosol filter ma terial. Pads of this material are enclosed Within cavities molded into the rubber facepiece of the mask. Lower breathing re sistance; superior vision, better speech trans mission, and greater comfort are claimed. It should be noted that the CD V-800, the existing and the new Army gas masks should be-used for purposes for which (hey were designed only. A fter both World War I and If, several instances were reported where "surplus** Army masks were used (or protection against gases for which they were not designed, with serious conse quences. It is intpoiiatti that gas masks arc not misused. B. A IR -SU P P L IE D R E S P IR A T O R S Since the simplest solution to all respira tory problems is to supply pure air to the breather, the use of an air supply from some remote source where the air is not contaminated is both simple and logical. For many applications, air-supplied equip ment has real advantages, but this equip only If the above precautions are observed. Airline-supplied Bureau of Mines Type C respirators are divided Into two classes: (a) , the continuous How type and (b) the demand V or mlcnmiiatit demand flow type; (a ) Is ^ usually used with a powered compressor or J blower, while (b) is usually used with $ breathing air supplied from cylinders. The use of such equipment in atmospheres im- _ mediately hazardous to life is not recom-'f mended since failure of the air supply or fouling of the hose would be serious, and.',, further, it is absolutely necessary to have ^ respirable air of unquestioned quality. We have previously noted th^ hazard of T using a plant air supply for air-supplied i breathing equipment. It is recommended that a separate air system be used exclu sively for breathing air. Depending on flic pressure available and the diameter of the hose, there is a limit to the length of hose which is practical. Wherever possible, such syslcms should be piped as dose to the outlet ns |>ossible, so possibility of fouling of the hose ami cutting off the air supply will be minimized. Exit from areas where air-line respirators arc used must, of course, be tbc same as (he route in. If a compressor or tank sup ply is used, sufficient pressure relief control must be available to protect the wearer against pressure in excess of that prescribed (or the equipment. * " lection. Depending on the particular fab plaitlc, or composition ted in lit coriftn '/lion, this suit allows work inside tanks, ' reaction vessels and other confined space : which still contain a hazardous atmosphere. Property used, together with safeguards to insure that the wearer's air supply and life-fine are always in proper position and worltjing order, this suit has increased safety `and decreased operating costs in maintenance <13 work inside tanks containing materials whirls T\[are corrosive or are easily absorbed through f,the skin such as aromatic amino' and nitro compounds. The same limitations noted above for air-line respirators should be footed. . Regardless of the type "respirator" used, f a definite program of control is necessary to I; insure the device is used properly, is prop erly maintained, ami that it is doing what is expected of it. After the Canadian Chalk i River atomic reactor incident, respirators were used to prevent inhalation of radio active contaminants. This program was suc cessful only after a respirator official was appointed to control (he use and mainte nance of respirators, regular urine-samples were analyzed to show definitely the degree of absorption, and an improved respirator was made available. C SELP-CONTAtNED BREATH ING i. APPARATUS \ ;'* Self-contained breathing apparatus supply ment is subject to definite limitations. The simplest type is the Bureau of Mines Type B hose mask, which is a facepiece lo which is attached a hose without a blower which must extend to a respirable source of air. This mask depends on the breathing action of the wearer to move the air. For this reason, a maximum hose length of 75 feet AIR-INFLATED SUITS Air hetmets, air hooks, and air-supplied; suits have the same general limitations u . for air-line respirators. An interesting de velopment in this field is the use of airinflated suits (or protection of the whole body against hazardous materials. , complete respiratory protection in any con centration of toxic gases and under any [ oxygen deficient atmosphere. However, cerj tain gases and vapor will cause systemic t poisoning by skin absorption.' Although a v small group, these exceptions are highly f important, including hydrogen cyanide, nitro 1 and amino aromatic compounds, ethylene has been established for the hose mask with In one form, the large impervious plastic | inline, phenols and a few others. These out blower. Low pressure blowers, operated cither by hand or by power (power blowers do not carry Bureau of Mines approval) arc used to supply Bureau of Mines Type A hose masks up to 150 feet All liosrs should originate at the blower. A respirable source o( air must be as sured, and a safety man must be present at the blov at all times. Fouling of the hose ma, 7 the air supply, and the exit route the same as (he enttance tunnel or pipe allows a man to work in one room while using air from another-- the slight atr pressure supplied giving both breathing air and inflation (or body) to the suit. The front of the suit is tailored into a facepiece, and arms with gloves are at (ached. Mobility it reported good within the obvious limits imposed by the length4 * of the tunnel attached. In another form, a complete suit with built-in arms and legs is supplied with air for inflation and a hood, also air suppUe*, I gases and vapors require complete skin ^protection of an impervious type in addi- lion to respiratory protection. EARLY REBREATHING APPARATUS The early self-contained rcbrcatliing apIparatus, which was imported from Europe, | had serious deficiencies. Loss of life was (reported by users in this country; 19 accifdenls are reported involving 26 facilities (between 1911 and 19-10, due partly to equip'**xnt failure and partly to improper use. 0003r i . Cheit^tnl fttduiirics X*M; . re tile-lines and standby rescue squad-; were employed, (lie apparatus was genrrally Mlirfaclwy in flic hands dP^ndadl fr.imi<1 users, i The first self-contained breathing npp:ratus lot be approved by the U. S. Ititrrau of Minpi was of the two-hour rebrcathiiig type- \ The Oxygen rcbrcatliing type apparatus is relatively heavy (3 9 # for the two-)>our type) and is bulky. Most self-contained (closed -circuit) oxygen breathing appara tus in nse today require mouth breathing with a pose clip, but a full facepiece lias recently been approved. Careful (raining is required in use and in maintenance of tins apparatus. A minimum of 20 hours initial training is recommended by the Bu reau of Mines. RESTRICTS MOVEMENT Demand-type atr ami demand i>|k* breathing apparatus is available in ball tviii, quater hour and minute r.iimi: <*>!. the half*lmur demand appat.rn. I' id Mines appt.v< >1. tl. '* appf.-;l Indiil .ft* contained apparatus ( S *1 * Although the schedule of um l. u u! h the Bureau's half-hour rating is exhausting, large men under extreme stress have exhausted a half-hour (40 cu. ft.) eylindi r in significantly less Ilian a half-hour. Differing only in whether it is supplied with compressed oxygen or compressed air, the .apparatus weighs nearly 30 pounds for the half-hour type, with the large cylinder (40 cubic feet) on the back. It is relatively awkward to put on and it restricts action In confined spaces. With practice, It may be put on and into operation from a mounted backboard in less than 20 seconds. * The back position of the cylinder makes It difficult to crawl under equipment. Climh, lug in and out of small openings, such ns manholes, requires care when wearing (Ins type apparatus. Operation of a motor ve hicle is awkward when wearing a cylinder on (tic back. ( t5-niiiulc stud 7^-m imne demand apparatus use smaller cylinders suing on the side of (he wearer, winch overcomes this objection lo some extern,) The purity of the air or oxygen with which Ike cylinder has been charged should always -'c questioned since of* ' gases such t 1 19 \ ) 1957 Noitonol Safely Congress ) it 0 0 0 *? r* cr ' l.. J C Chemical hutu*hu'\ at nitrogen, acetylene and carbon dioxide and gat mixtures oilier than air have ac tually been found in "breathing air" cylin der. Error in compressed air used for breathing may be rapidly fatal, and every newly-filled cylinder sliould be checked to insure it actually contains "breathing air," regardless of (lie source of supply. Unless the user has his own compressor producing air of an unquestioned purity, no cylinder sliould be put on a demand breath ing apparatus o r air-supplied respirator hood or suit until the contents have been checked for purity. The Orsat gas analyzer or the Beckman paramagnetic oxygen ana lyzer are often used in analyzing oxygen percentage while carbon monoxide may be checked with the National Bureau of Stand ards colonnctric tester available from two manufacturers. High pressure cylinders may leak, and frequent ins|cctioii is necessary to insure that the air or oxygen is actually available for use in a emergency. High pressure valve, gauge, and demand regulator must he maintained in (tip operating condition hy iniprrlMiu mid it irg u lu r picvrntutlvc maintenance schedule as recommended by the manufacturer. ATMOSPHERE CUTS SERVICE If demand-ty|ie apparatus is worn in environments where pressure above one at mosphere is presept (as in caissons or tun nels under higher than atmospheric pres sure), the service'tim e is reduced as the pressure inert*tet. This is also true of un derwater use of the regular demand-type apparatus; a ipecial adaption is available for underwater swimming. Other peculiar effects have been reported when demand and closed circuit oxygen breathing apparatus was worn under pressure. . The use of oxygen in atmospheres above two atmospheres absolute pressure should be avoided since oxygen produces a toxic effect under sucli conditions. For periods up to 12 hours at normal atmosphere pres sures, however, oxygen may he used without apparent ill fleets by healthy persons-- persons in questionable physical condition should not wear wry emergency breathing equipment, but should remain away from' contaminated air and underwater. When t^ been depict ply of air or oxygen has e supply in the demand type apparatus cuts off abruptly a J h e face-* piece must be removed immediately or asphyxia can occur. One British half-bow.| breathing apparatus has available as op tional e q u ip m e n t an automatic warning whistle (F at. No. 644105) which will start.1 to Idow when the cylinder pressure falls !| to 300 pound/square inch, to aid in warning,! the wearer to return to fresh air at once.J^. The seal around the facepiece must be absolutely gas-tight in a toxic atmosphere; since in the demand-type apparatus the face'2; piece is under slight negative pressure momentarily during the beginning of the] inspiration phase of the cycle. A recent revision by one manufacturer eliminates^ this negative pressure park of the cyde^ Another novel feature of another demand mask ($4 cubic feet of air or oxygen db vided between two 26 cubic foot cylinders for balance) is a plug-in attachment car ried with the mask for administering re suscitation to an overcome person on-the-spot while still in a toxic atmosphere. In the above discussions, no mention has been made of the fire ami explosion hazard uf nit whhli U rirhrr Ilian 21 per cent is oxygen, or of pure oxygen itself. Certainly air should not be replaced with oxygen either in a breathing apparatus, in a ventila*. tion technique, or for any other purpose without full consideration of the increased potential hazards from fire, as the oxygen concentration incrgises above the 21 per cent oxygen content of air. A flammable, vapor-oxygen mixture requires only about: one tltOMsaiidtli the energy lo ignite it as' docs a corresponding flammable vapor-alr, mixture. The resulting fire or explosion is many times more violent. Failure to appreciate these facts (which have been published and well documented for years) has cost many lives. l*or this reason, it is as important to analyze a suspected atmosphere for oxy*. gen concentration as for flammable vapors and gases, and for toxic gases. By using cither the lime-honored mine safety lamp as an oxygen indicator, or the more re cently available Beckman paramagnetic oxy gen analyzer, it is possible to obtain fast and sufficiently accurate oxygen analyses for practical purposes. Combine such oxygen analysis (which will reflect inert gases or oxygen deficient at mospheres as well as excessively high oxy V gen concentrations) with a check for ft able vapors and gases (using one o J, many instruments commercially avail *and a check for whatever toxic gas is suspected (fo r CO, for exdmple, the Na tional Bureau of Standards mass tubes con tain in g palladium chloride which changes .color with CO). To ignore any one of vthese fundamentals is to run risk of trouble, SAFE 4$ MINUTES The s e lf - c o n ta in e d oxygen-generating breathing apparatus is approved by the Bureau of Mines, and is rated for 45 min utes. Some of the models produced for ? the military are not Bureau of Mines ap proved, however. The weight of 1 4#, car* `tied on the chest and stomach, gives it a decided advantage Imtli in weight and con3{venience over the demand-type apparatus, ^although the chest position creates Umitalions in use under some conditions. Tlic highly exothermic reaction which h* generajes oxygen from .the potassium super- oxide (K*0<) evolves significant heat, which might serve as an auto-ignition source to carbon-disulfide or nickel rarlmnyl vapors under extreme eotidilliHi*. 'This tempeta- lure of the canister surface may reach ' 250*F, and is equivalent (o the hazard pre- Tf ented by unshielded incandescent lamps, \> hot plates and steam (pipes in such an 'j"` atmosphere. * | v.;*: When worn in hot areas, or while workjjj 'mg hard in the heat, the oxygen generated ijm a y o c c u p y a v o lu m e which rqduiyes '"dumping" of surplus oxygen to m u a liia r comfort. The apparatus! requires cate In starting, especially in sub-freezing tempera- yturcs--f o r t his reason it is considered good I practice that both the apparatus and the canisters be stored inside or in a heated .truck cab or automobile, and that the Up", I paratus be thoroughly started above freer* I .tng temperatures, if |>ossiblc. * f Unless the sub-freezing starting is thorj (*fougli, the wearer may be aware of iiisuffi[ : cient oxygen during (tie first few minutes, by a feeling of "light headedness** and diffi culty in coordination. If such a condition is noted, he should return to fresh air, deflate the bags and re-start the apparatus, until the breathing rate and the generating rate balance before re-entry. In inserting the canister in the canister liokler (canister is stored separately), care USl be xerctsed to avoid cu{i from the torn top seal when removing, and (be canhftr brought* sw ird v ^ ia[o*4rlacc after it lias! been punctured by ih c s h a rp p*iii designed into tlic apparatus for lliat purpose. The facepiece should not lie donned unlit the cahrster is completely seated. A firsl canistct sliould always he used in any emergency. Once opened, a canister will continue to evolve i oxygen even when removed from the apparatus and re-capped. To cuter a hazardous atmosphere witli a used canister it a highly dangerous practice--a fresh canister must l>c employed to insure safely. In view of the relatively high cosl of these canisters, the temptation to re-use canisters is grcal, but should lie avoided, and canisters promptly disposed of to insure flic safely of tbe text user. DON'T RE USE CANISTERS The disposal of the sclfcnulaim d o w . <u generating canisters must he pet formed ac cording to the iislrwctimis. Oil, grease, is * fine, or other flammable or t*i*ml*M-iillr liquids must lr kept fnm the v;i*-lcr iti<.!>. or an explo-.ioii uill t Inly ih.m water in large quantities sliould Ik: iimI I destroy a canister. The canisters should be promptly di$|>oscd of, and not tic left sitting around where they could contact combustibles. 1 ir reasons noted under disctfssiou of demand-type breathing apparatus, the selfcontained o x y g e n - g e n e r a tin g apparatus 'should not be worn under pressures greater titan two atmospheres absolute. Smaller Self-Contained Breathitt# <imf Oxygen fnhototion Devices . . U. S. Bureau of Mines approval for sclft'oontained breathing a p p a r a tu s currently makes no provision for apparatus rated Fir less than 30 mimitcs. In emergencies uhete a smaller, less cumbersome device with a sliortcr life would give adequate protcctmn, the only available devices until recently were regular demand masks with smaller cylinders for 20, 15, and 7X/* minutes serv ice, using the same facepiece. reducers and regulators as on the larger approved devices Itcrtguizing that many (perhaps most) breathing emergencies can fie brought under control in 10 minutes, and that the first 130cc M expired air cont?' * relatively tit- 70 !9$7 National Saf et y Congress 0 0 0 3 5 f; c7t*nuV#r/ fnttusfi t lie CO*, there is now available a light un demand-type apparatus,p u ttL b t checked Signals as used by mine rescue tea CASE HISToilS weight device in which oxygen from small frequently for leaks; c a n ltte rlW k d u itria l on OATH ( 0 = 0 K = 1 pull; AMMONIAC cylinders, supplemented by the first lOOcc or universal service masks or chemical cart ol the previous exhaled breath, is used (or ridge respirators must be replaced. vance=2 pulls; T-take-up--3 pull hclp=4 pulls) should be employed and The incident in quiStiWSIook place in breathing at a rale of seven liters per min Washing the facepiece with an antiseptic stand-by men, ready to enter the area for Singapore, Malaya, during the early days of (lie war 1942, just prior to the fall of the ute. The device is still too new for exten solution or soap, rinsing in clear water, and rescue, should always be on hand. city <to the Japanese. sive field experience, but represents a novel and new approach to the weight, bulk and drying will assure lhat sanitation and clean liness is not neglected. This also prolongs Hand-carried short-wave two-way radios may also prove useful for communication between base and field parly. When used Our ship was tied alongside the dml<<, havirig just completed a mission. The city cost of presently approved equipment. Another recent development is a smalt the useful life of the facepieces. Proper storage conditions and frequent checking for in atmospheres which may contain flammable wmaasititf'ainindcedr aairfualtltascckalceonBtainttuleallWy, astocht,haret audcy portable anaesthesia and oxygen breathing deterioration are as important with respira device which is designed for use by medical tory protective equipment as with fire ex vapors or gases, any electrical devices should have a "permissible'* rating by the Bureau for liny emergency. It was after one of tliesJ, raids that a strong odor of ammonia personnel primarily, but which has obvious tinguishers, parachutes and life-lines. of Mines for the gases or vapors involved. was observed on our ship; our blower vcini- application as a "self-rescuer" for escaping toxic atmospheres. The device consists of a TRAINING OEFICIENT PHYSICAL EXAMS LACKING latin.i system was picking it up. Investiga tion by our shore patrol informed us that a lace piece with pressure limiting valve, an Training is the third, and perhaps most The need for proper physical examina largf cold storage plant liad been hit and aluminum central body, a soda lime canister important leg of ihe triangle of respiratory tions for persons wearing emergency equip th a t'lie local fire department was attempting in volumes of lOOcc to SOOcc, two aluminum safety. There is serious deficiency in this ment lias not always been appreciated in the cue several members who were trapped cylinders each containing three liters of phase of the respiratory program. Putting past. A regular program of physical check the buildings. oxygen, and a six liter rubber rcbrcatUing on a device for a few minutes once a year bag. is not adequate training. The U. S. Bureau ups with particular attention to the respira tory and circulatory system as well as fire and rescue section was dis patched to the scene at once; we were Using the device for escape, it is claimed of Mines Health and Safety Activities, general physical condition probably would equipped for such work with dcmntul-l.vpc a young male adult walking three mplt can through its district and sub-district offices, tiave prevented some cases where inhalation breathing apparatus, with proper protective travel safely for 1100 yards using a 200cc soda lime canister, and 1800 yards using a conducts training courses in first-aid, and of a smoke combined with physical exertion also in the use of various emergency breath- 1 with or without respiratory protection, has equipment and safety lines. Upon a ito a l uc SOOcc canister. Since the complete unit mg apparatus. produced serious illness. were biicfcd as In thr plant lav'Mit :ttd the |Hvsible l*.:ilion of 10 nun h*.tdt* the I lidd weighs less than two pounds, and the oxy The course can be modified to meet spe I'iiIsc rales before, d u ring and aflcr ex ing with a British type canister ih.i-1 f >r gen cylinders are pocket-size, the device cial needs on request. Addresses of offices ercise, general physical condition, moderate protection. We entered the area wm Kim? may rightly be called pocket-size, and, in which otter these courses may be obtained weight, good eyesight and proper teeth aline- in pairs, and during Ihe next 20 minim* the hands of trained personnel, should be by contacting the Health and Safety Divi tnent (where mouthpiece breathing is in removed 10 firemen, wlo liad been well useful (or self-rescue oxygen inhalation or sion of Ihe Bureau of Mines, 4800 Forbes volved) are considered! vital to pre-training trained by the best of Brilish methods, hut resuscitation. St., Pittsburgh 13, Pa. This service of flit by the Bureau of Amines instructors. A unfortunately ill equipped for such violent Moinfrnoncr, TVnmiwg and Afrdtcaf Precautions Bureau is available to the mineral and allied industries/ as well as to governmental agencies. The Bureau has at each of its practice of not permitting persons to return unprotected to smoke or fumes after they have been overcome and revived, would conditions. When found, all men were unconjns In discussing respiratory protection, we Health and Safely field ottices throughout help prevent more serious inhalation effects. . and upon rushed to removal from the building the hospital, oxygen being r were Inim* have shown the importance of breathing the country mine-rescue equipment, and will Such restraining action may require physi istered enroute by a fine Australian u* dical "good** air, briefly reviewed the major air make it available to trained personnel in any cal force to implement it in practice, since team. O f tbc 10 men rescued, six died fi*m contaminants, and discussed briefly appara emergency. a patient who is partially recovered from the effects of ammonia mfi;dnliott, four men tus available. We have stressed tire limita During training, breathing apparatus fume or smoke inhalation may display highly recovered completely. tions of each type, rather than the advan should be worn for relatively long periods, irregular behavior. One recommendation is During the entire operation none of our tages, since we believe that limitations were in dark and confined spaces, climbing hills that persons sufficiently exposed to smoke team experienced any breathing difficulty: not as widely appreciated as advantages. or stairs, duplicating all manual tabor ex and carbon monoxide to require treatment the teaching of damage control, fire and The ideal breathing apparatus has yet to be pected, ami in sinokc-fillcd atmospheres by should not return to active duty in less than rescue work fiy Naval slaudaids ate w iy developed. W e have tried to create the im hand-carried lights while performing work. : four to six hours, while those who have good. Their careful selection of reliable pression that a thorough knowledge of the particular apparatus used is essential for Smoke generators are available, which will quickly fill a room, a basement, a tunnel or |btcn rendered semiconscious or unconscious equipment has been the.result of careful re should test 24 to 48 hours. search and experience. Us sale use under various conditions. a small building with a smoke that, is real h Properly maintained breathing apparatus, Maintenance o( the apparatus in first-class istic, but which is relatively harmless and .used with full appreciation of its litniia- NITROGEN i r AIR LINE condition so it is immediately ready for can be ventilated out without any damage. 1lions, by healthy persons, property and adc- RESPIRATOR use at any time is likewise important. Metal The "buddy" system and team drill should fquately trained, will eliminate most "fume" Employees in an area were required to parts of apparatus will wear, tarnish or be practiced, as in a real emergency. The disabilities in the future. However, flic ideal use* air-line respirators as a preemduu corrod' tbber parts will slowly "age." use of life lines should be a part of thil breathing apparatus for all applications has against inhalation of radioactive particles. Facet) will take a "set" and must be training, and should be a standard part of been developed, and may not be dcvel- The, air line was also used to provide in di* -arc Cylinders, regulators and valves any underground, tank or smoky opr until there is sufficient demand for it. strument air. 1952 National Safety Congress FILMS ' i f . 1. Wiffcaiwi of Breathing <l-.ll 1?) 612.2*1 Pcimystvunia State University, Audio* Visual Aids Library Stale College. l*a. or Encyc. Brit. Film Inc. tISO Wl- inetlc Ave., Wilmette. III. (16mm sound, It min). \ 2. Oxygen, 16mm sound, 10 min., BAtW and color, Coronet Films, Coronet Bldg. Chicago I, Ml. 3. The A ir W e Breathe, 16min sound, 26 min. B&W; Mine Safety Appliance Co., 5 4$ 49th Ave., Long Island City, N. Y. or local sales office. 4. The City That Disappears (Los Angeles), 16mm sound, color, 30 min., (Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, Calif. 5. A Report on Smog, 16mm sound, color, 20 min, (same source as 4). 6. You Bet Your Life, 2$ min., !6mm sound B&W, available same source as 3. 7. Use of Oxygen in Aviation, T l;l -4595, 22 min., I6mtn sound, color, same source as 8. 8. Oxygen, in-Flight Requirements, T F -1-5038A, 25 min, 16mm sound color, Air Force Training Films, Eastern Film Excliange, 1356 Film Library Flight (APCS) (M A TS). Marietta Air Force Station, Marietta, Pa. 9. Oxygen-ln-FHght Equipment, T F I-50J8B, 30 min.. !6mm sound color, same source as A. 10. The Physiology of Anoxia, 30 min., 16mm sound, BAtW, same source as IL 11. The Breath of Life, 10 min., 16mm sound color, H. J. Polk, Oxygen Therapy D ept, Lin*le Air Prod Div., U.C.&C, 30 R 42nd S t. New York 17, N. Y. 12. Safe id FQieieui Oxygen therapy, 20 min., 16mm sound color, avail, same source as It. 13. Nitrogen Inhalation Therapy, 10 min., 16mm silent color. Dr, If. E. Jlitmvich, Galesburg State Research Hospital, Galesburg, III. 14. Sotvey Chlorine F.mergency Devices, 16mm silent color, 40 min., Research Dept., Solvcy Process Div., Allied Client. & Dye Corp., Solvcy, N. Y. or local Solvcy sales branch off. 15. Use of the Air-Chem Suit, 16mm sound, 30 min. color, Cost Reduction Section, Chamber Works, Organic Chemicals Dept., E. I. DuPont dcNemours At Co., Inc. (Penns Grove, N. J.) avail, both with magnetic sound tract Ac regular optical sound tract. 16. Breathing Apparatus, Fire Dept. Training Film, 16mm sound BAcW, 30 min.. Public Relations sect. Los Angeles Fire Dept., Los Angeles, Calif., also avail, as Navy Train. Film 17. Breath o f Life* 16n*m sound, color, 10 min., Scott Avia. Corp., Lancaster, N. Y, 18. No, Z Training Eilm, 16 souud BAtW, 20 min., Scott distributors. 19. Damage Control, Oxygen Breathing Apparatus, MN-69J! A, 16mm sound, BAtW, 22 min.. Navy Train. Film, U. S. Naval Train. Aids Center, E. Coast, 207 W. 24th St.. N. Y. II. N. Y. 20. Rescuo Companies, 16mm sound 30 min., by Warwick At Tompkin, Public Rela* lions section, Los Angeles Fire Dept., Los Angeles, Calif. 21. Nerve Cos Casualties & Their Treatment, 16mm sound color, 30 min.. State CD Offices, or thru the Federal CD Admin, Baltic Creek, Mich, on Fed. contribu tions prog, or thru W. U. Jacrptcs, E. R. Squibb At Co., 745-$th Ave., New York, N. Y. 22. Gas Obstacle Course, TF-I4440,*16mm sound, BAtW, 19 min., 1943 (A ir Force) ' source as 8. 23.. Effects of Weather on the Travel of 5mobe <5* Gas Clouds, TF-1-466U ,m sound, BAtW, 21 min., 1949, avail, same as 8. ________________________-- - ____ __________ ________________________ -- 4 ) u u u a i ; , j it /'/*#tffi. tv A regular compressor amt a xtamlh pressor were provled on the air line a week-end, both compressors were out of service, so bottled nitrogen was manifolded into the hue by a tem porary jum per con nection to maintain instrument air pressure. An employee, aw are o l the circumstances was told to wear a filler-type mask. Dy habit, however, he entered the area aud was found dead several minutes later due to nitrogen inhalation in the air-line respirator, he had w ont instead of the fillcr-tyjie mask. Breathing air systems, using an approved compressor or tank system, should be closely supervised and used only fo r breathing. Employees whose work takes them out of contact (visual or audiable) with others should be closely supervised. Human error caused this, fatality. CARDON TETRACH LO RID E AG AIN Bunker C oil leaks.had sprayed oil over (lie walls and ccitiug of a small boiler room. Fearing the fire hazard which might result from using kerosene oq th e electrical equip ment, the plant engineer li;id four men use a bucket of carbon tetrachloride with a long-handled brush. 1 Kcsptralors of Hie proper type were pro vided and worn, but due to a missing part aud poor fitting on ony mask, one of the men became ill ami was hospitalized three weeks with typical carbon tetrachloride poi- sotting symptoms. * A properly adjusted ; respirator, a less toxic solvent (such as 1, 1,1 -tricldoroclhane), and ventilation--any combination of these measures would have prevented this injury. It was also noted that 'th e injured man occasionally consumed alcoholic beverages-- a contra-indicated action in solvent rest. PH O SG ENE A chemist sulTcrcd a m ajor injury when .phosgene gas containing dissolved H C l es caped from a cylinder too fast for the cap acity of the hood. The chemist was wearing a Type N universal canister mask, hut he fooliced that his eyes were irritated when he *took the mask off moments later in the fresh v |p r 10 days front a toxic expfjjsurc 0* pln.*gctitTfumes, iottl was atysenirT/win work for about one mouth. The two other men Miffered h o ill effects whatsoever. 7VO R E S P IR A T O R Y T R O T l it T tO X A ^chemist was decomposing a rc o ii-n mixture containing phosphorous oxychboidc in a 'hood by pouring it over ice onto a four-liter beaker. While his back was turned, the reaction became violent and the m ixifjc overflowed onto the hood floor. A smalllamount also spilled onto the laboratory floor,]since lie did not have a catehpan under the beaker. H ef directed liis laboratory assistant In leave the room promptly, but stayed liehind to tlf~ow some ice on the spill rni the It*nr and cjl'cn windows. He re-entered the l:d*oratord after 10 minutes, when the ftiturs had subsided considerably, aud cleaned the Milled luatcri'il off the floor. This requited Iff minutes, during which pcrind he uih.ihd some of the (imics, chiefly MCI. lie did n*a use any respiratory protect inn, atllrmr.h it was available. t l r did *#t Unfit c :mj ill d.* *, other than rye and throat irritation. |*ui be was hospilaliz.cd on the following day for bronchial and pulmonary congestion. He was in the hospital for four days. A vertical catalyst bed was Iwing ro lle d out to remove solids. Dust and fimus fimii the solids being discharged at the Imltum of r the reactor were sufficient to cause conehiMg and discom for! to Ihe opera tor, a 1ih-mi*ii spot ventilation was being used at (tie t<*p of the column. The operator continued to work , t hie shift, but that night he had an atta- k of nausea and vomittiug, accompanied by per sistent coughing. Following a recur m ice of the original attack, he was admitted to a hospital for four days. An air line respirator was readily avail able, although the magnitude of the dust hazard was not fully appreciated at the lime * * * !* . . Jr,-*Two men who worked alongside him were ^wearing air-line respirators and did not tawll phosgene nor notice any eye or throat jfritation. The chemist was hospitalized During the operatinn of a small v iik reactor housed in a liar tirade, it wan un - cssary'to filler lire barricaded area and w ith draw 'fondcusalc every half-lmur. ThU re moval consisted of open* valve at lh** ) 1957 National S o ftly CottgrtlS \ bottom of a condenser to check (or and re built up enough to activate jU jU M e r head, move any unconverted by-products. In per which transmitted an A. O. T .s R m . Since forming this operation it was necessary to very little smoke was visible external to the discharge some vapors to insure complete drying room (which was held at approx. withdrawal of the condensate. ISO*I*) the first firemen went In without The injured had been doing this during his shift without using the air-line respi any protection. They were quickly over come. rator which was prescribed protection equip Members of the rescue company followed ment (or this operation. In addition to this closely behind using Type N universal can- j, exposure, he had entered the barricade ister masks. These functioned well on the during the early part of the shift to make sixth floor outside the drying room, but in minor repairs to a leaky blower. side, one of tltesc five men was overcome. * The injured worked for several days with The other four heeded the warning sign no apparent iU effects. While at home lie of "ovcrbrcatliing" and retreated to fresh i developed a fever and shortness of breath air before being overcome. These same men which was subsequently diagnosed as acute returned to the room after donning self- ' bronchial asthma. He was home for three contained breathing apparatus. In all, 30 , days. men were overcome in this multiple alarm fire--multiple only because all men from the i In this case, the injured failed to obey first companies were overcome. All the written and verbal instructions to wear an firemen recovered. ' air-line respirator, and the injured'* shift leader failed to enforce this rule. Since N O R E S P IR A T O R Y P R O T E C T IO N then, all operators in this group have been reinstructed in the necessity for observing regulations regarding barricade entry, and A chemist was preparing to use hydrogen sulfide for a determination and when the valve was opened, a leak developed because have been informed that repeated violation a washer did not seat properly. of safety regulations may constitute grounds (or dismissal. Before the employee could dose tire valve, the hydrogen sulfide was ignited by the WRONG TYPE M ASK An employee washing out a chlorine tank car passed out due to insufficient oxygen. A fellow employee put on a Type N uni versal canister gas mask and entered the car for rescue purposes. He, too, passed out and it was necessary to use self-con tained breallung apparatus to rescue both. Fortunately, both men recovered. flame from a btiusen burner located in the same hood. In an attempt to close valve, . the employee re-entered the room, without ; wearing protective equipment, was overcome and struck his head on the edge of a bench as he fell to the floor. H e was res cued by another employee who was wearing a demand self-contained breathing appara tus. H e was hospitalized for three months and as a result of this incident lost hn sense of smell. Fire was located in a drying-storage room of steel construction. mraMiriitR R feet x SO feet x 30 feet closed by an abscslos curlain at one end. There was no possibility of ventilating. The room was located on the sixth floor of a factory and contained a large quantity of "wood flour" (pulverized saw dust), used in casting ornaments, con tained in 100# bags. l;irc was started by an electric motor in the rear-most portion ol the room. The fire had smoldered for some time and this was heavily loaded with smoke, and asly a high CO and CO content. Alarm **as sounded when the heat finally ANOTHER SO LVEN T INCIDENT Two electricians, journeyman and approlice, were working m a concrete pit-- four by six foot top opening and tlandinf on the bottom, the ground level was in 0* proximity of their eyes, nose and mouth Repair of the small motor involved usin| a solvent an inhibited grade of 1,1,1-trichlotoe thane. Approximately 10 minutes after ca tering the pit, the one electrician appear! to be swaying, somewhat in a stupor tti somewhat incoherent. A combination 1 lifting and pushing forced the man ontaf the pit. The other electrician used the h i dcr in leaving the pit. U U U O . io Chrntifoi: hf!> t' A few minutes exposure to fresh air the "overcome** electrician stood up walked to the dispensary. Examinatio vealed him to be coherent ami no signs of narcosis. He rested for about half art hour and returned to his job--by this time the job in the pit was completed. A few pertinent facts are in order: sol vent was not spilled on the floor of the pit, the "overcome" electrician had returned to work that morning after being oil for sev en ! days due to a bronchial inflammation, and the other electrician never demonstrated or mentioned any ill effects. INERT GAS IN TANK CAR A tank cleaner entered a tank ear (which had previously contained caustic soda) and started to wash it down with a hose with the bottom outlet open. A fter failing to reappear in a normal lime, investigation re vealed the man lying in the bottom of the car. Upon removal*and attempts at resus citation, it was determined that lie had died as a result of weak'alkali solution having been taken into the respiratory tract. This is strong evidence that the inert gas used to unload the car was a byproduct of chemical operations, low in oxygen ami could have contained carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and other constituents. Upon checking tlc airjoxygen and 2000 ppm of reducing gases wliicji would commonly be reported as carbon moooxide. Inasmuch as the official coroner's report stated that the man fell, to the bottom of the car apparently due to Iwat exhaustion, there, was no significant publicity concerning this incident. Corrective measures have been taken to avoid any recurrence. T A N K JOB C L A IM S JLIFE A maintenance mechanic lost his lif^ and his assistant narrowly escaped in tank inci dent. Repair work had been scheduled inside the tank to begin after huich, and two men as; signed to tlie job. The mechanic decided to look over the job about 11:30 a m. and went ; into the tank after sending his helper for certain supplies. The inert gas (which con tained essentially nitrogen with small per callages of CO mid CO.) supply to the i' tank had not been shut oil, since the me* rchaiuc had not informed anyone of his P*entry. Tlie mechanic was quickly overcome. His licificr relumed a few minutes Imt , shouted for help, then went into the l oth to aid the first man who wA-4vicoiist*ins. Before help arrived, the helper was at* overcome, but both men were promptly re moved to fresh air.; The helper was suc cessfully revived, but the mechanic could not1be brought back to life. Failure to follow established lank-entry procedures was the reason given for this fatality. INERT CAS TWro mr en entered a kettle to repair an ag;iiyJaillor, which is normally a two day jolt O il the first day nothing unusual hap|euM. Out the second day llc men went ini the kettle, worked for an hour, ami mine up for a cofTec break. When they re*entered kettle, tlicy began to feel weak. They were actually too weak to climb out of the nwnholi after IS minutes, hut finally crawled outI They came to as they stepped out into thc|air. A fter investigation, it was discovered that one of the men had opened an tnorl r*.t< line instead of an air line. Ouse ! !* top of the kettle was a section for a la'* line to be piped to outside the ImmMsm**. The hose was only half-way down into the kettle. The inert gas was heavier than air, when they bent over to pick up tools, they would get inert gas until they eventually were made ill. An engineer went down to inspect a kettle. He began to feel sick and came out. Upon investigation later they fmunt the kettle had been "blown-out** with cncrt gas and did not follow through by removing the gas with proper air ventilation. (The engi- ncr recovered immediately upon leaving the kettle) * * A man went into a non-cnamclrd kelile. Tlie complete kettle was blanked off uitli exception of entrance. The kettle had hn-n "blown-out" with inert gas. Me was over come. It was necessary to resuscitate ihe man quite a while before he recovered. ILLU M IN ATIN G CAS IN TRF.Xi If Two men were working in a sene* of three by seven by seven foot trendies dm; along a 75-foot length oT a street. While tapping a high pressure illuminating gas mbin to install a jumper line into a low 1957 National S a fety Congrets u u c ; / !) Chem ical huluth fireisiift main, a drill slipped and opened a observed staggering and valve in the tapping machine. Gas was re He was wearing a dust respirator. Both leased into the Ivendt. men were given oxygen and sent to the One man immediately left the trench, but the other was overcome. A laborer standing on the bank observed this, and immediately descended into the trench. He tied a rope around tlie waist of the unconscious man le io tt lie, too. was overcome. Meanwhile the foreman of the iob put on an air-line dispensary. Each of the men had a pale white complexion with a bright red over tone. An examination of the compressor after the incident showed a crack along the base of the compressor housing. This was caused by liquid methyl chloride in the compressor. respirator and went into the trench to close The lank had been (till for three days the valve. By the time the two unconscious and had been frosted over, indicating the men were brought to the surface by the presence of liquid. foreman, one was sufficiently HI that inhala- The incident was caused by attempting tors could not revive the laborer even after to transfer through the full tank. a hall-hour of resuscitation. The other un conscious man was revived. The final score: three men treated at hospital for gas inhalation while one man was dead on arrival. O X YG E N W A S N 'T T H E R E I During degreasing operations involving the use of Freon-113 !(Triffuorotrichloroethane), it appears that one operator (ell into the tank while attempting to disengage tire bas MASK IMPROPERLY ADJUSTED A near fatality occurred when an oper ator went to lighten a chlorine line in the Waste Treatment Plant and the line disin tegrated, thus exposing him to a full blast of chlorine. He had his face mask on, but due to maladjustment, lie was hospitalized for twenty-(our hours. ket. The other operator, without calling for help, immediately entered tire tank to go to his assistance. Both men lost their lives due lo suffocation in the oxygen-defi cient atmosphere. In fire safety, we have long hammered at the point of calling assistance before tack ling any fire alone. The same point should be reiterated again and again in training HARROW ESCAPE personnel where the hazards of suffocation A plant protection officer entered man or entrapment exist. In many large chemi hole to inspect water valves, collapsed after cal plants, personnel are often widely spaced hurt thvei minute*, was unconscious (or and telephones are not always readily avail bearing liquor on the floor. T he1 drained into a tump near the leach and was then pumped into a reserve lank. Later, pipes from a reserve holding tank were disconnected, allowing the contents to drain on the floor. The sulfide, during clean-up was washed into the sump and then pumped into the same reserved holding tank. An immediate reaction generated large quantities of HS, filling the area surrounding the tank. Una ware of this, three employees entered the area. The first employee collapsed just as lie passed the tank. The remaining two men walked a few feet further; one collapsed and the oilier reached a window and called for help. Other members arrived and gave artificial respiration while the ambulance was summoned. On arrival at the hospital, the first employee was pronounced dead. Processing plants, and laboratories in the program contain the elements to produce not only gases like 1IS but disastrous fires ami explosions as well. These can occur from an tuicontrolled chemical process reaction or, as in this case, from im|>ro}cr mixture of two chemicals. Infrequently, storage of incompatible chemicals can be separated physically for safely, which was dour here afterward. More reliably, however, (he em ployees should he instructed fully in the adverse effects of <*hcintcal combinations possible in the operation. three and one-hut! ltourt, revived hy Artifi able nt all locations. In practically all plants, cial respiration. H there had not been however, a lire alarm box Is located quite another officer watching and a truck with conveniently to alt operating stations. Putt a rope on it nearby, this would likely have ing the fire alarm box summons trained been a fatality. A six inch artificial gas assistance and supervision in a matter o( main 30 feet away had broken ami the gas seconds. Where feasible, employees should had seeped into the hold. No respirator lie trained lo use the fire alarm lox instinc was worn. tively to summon assistance before attempt M ETH YL CHLORIDE ing on their own. In any case where hazard evaluation dis A leak developed in the methyl chloride compressor which was being used to transfer methyl chloride from the drier through a tank to storage The leak was first dis covered by a loitmr.ii who had heart! the compressor pounding and who entered the area to investigate. Two men inhaled excessive quantities o( metf 'hloride. An operator entered die area a filter type respirator, but left closes the possibility of suffocation or en trapment, personnel should be thoroughly trained to overcome the instinctive reaction to go immediately to the victim's assistance ;uul to summon help first by the fastest available means. fM'DROGfiN SU LPID E! One man suffocated and two escaped death when exposed to 11*S. whet ictcclcd methyl chloride through This accident was caused when a precipi t... 'rator Shmtly afterward he was tation tank overflowed and spiff' -id- ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS A pipe-fitter, itgcd, 26, wnt gaiaed hy aliphatic hydrocarbon \ fumes In a pit 20 feet by 10 feet by 6 feet deep m an oil re finery while lie and another man were in serting a blank in a pipeline which had been shut off. Roth men were wearing breathing apparatus supplies with air from n handpump, a Y piece being used to supply, the two sets of apparatus from a single pump. While working in Hie pit, Ihe pipe 'fitter, who was apprehensive and difficult to reas sure, was seen lo remove his mask. The safety attendant, who, with the foreman, was watching from ground level, replaced the mask and assured him that it was work ing property. Wlm the joint was opened, some liquid escaped owing to residual pres sure, and the pipefitter endeavored to conic away, but was persuaded to return. - Later, when he again attempted to leave the pit, his airline caught on the bottom of the handrail and impeded his exit. Tb.< caused him to panic and lie took off his mask. The foreman and the safely attendant running to his assistance, pulled him to safety as he collapsed. His workmate con tinued to work in the pit witlmut any trouble. After being given artificial respiration ami an injection of cornmine, the pipe-filler was-removed lo hospital where he recovered. T t ^ apparatus which he had hccit wealing was sutiscqnniHy found to Ire in gol order, hut t was unwise to compel him to work under circumstances of which he was obvi ously afraid. AMM ONIA One afternoon, while the cnpitic-r<*om foreman of an ice-cream factory was stand ing .near an oil separating unit, there was a report and ammonia liquid and gas iird from llie sump. It was later found that the rubber seal between Ihe siv.hling gin hom ing and ihr sump had "blown.*' *1hr r'lvinroom was immediately rva* ua'r-* i*...... .. man taking with hi* l#*m a rath I hr lire l-nc i h * given to all rin|*h*M t - m t* flic coiiccutialu#ii of g.ix \\.i> *m. % t. i the canister respirator, the foreman was unable to re-cutcr the engine room to rcarh the ammonia isolating valve. The gas 'pi rad rapidly through the factory area ami many of tlte 100 employees, most of them women, were affected. There was some degree of panic ami -mne women were rescued from the canteen hy firemen. Sixteen women employees and two firemen were admitted to hospital but only three persons were detained overnight. Seven of the women were sufficiently affected to require notification. Occupants of homes within a radius of 50 yards of the factory were also affected. The firm had already been advised to provide self cmilaitird breathing apparatus and they were nqrmi advised to keep apparatus of this kind out side the engine room as well as the canister respirators. TM'O P A T A h A C C I D E N T S W I T H tfhN/.hNii PAPON In one accident a lalmrer, aged 2.1. wa fatally gassed and an ambulance room attcuda*H and a fireman were also gassed while y N o l i o m i l Safety Congress C f o i ^ r luduiltit i i nti|iiin| to rescue him. The foreman had effected mul lie issued a pentMorWOfk ever, there was not sufficient vcntilaty^jp^,#an. operator to get out of tjf4jrMitanimai<d m uctiont for four of a cries of ccitificalc accordingly. Without being In prevent the worker from inhaling fumes to area. This latter incidciitt^'pi'hvidcd entre tfiuo! tanks to be cleaned tier they structed lo do so, a laborer dimWd up I make him sick to Ids stomach. The proper for an additional problem and usually ended I been teamed out* tested and declared ladder to the top of the furnace. type Canister Respirator was available on in a tost time injury. Many limes the in '* Irom gas. While the laborer with his Me was not wearing breathing apparatus the lower floor but the person was not dividual would go outside for fexit air tkmale was preparing lo start work on amt, being overcome by escaping gas, he familiar with rtf use. where it was loo cold for his condition. Jfc tank which had Wen steamed out, he tn- fell to the ground about 10 feet Wlow. would catch cold and would come neat to dred about another tank which had not After recovering consciousness he was able NO R E S P IR A T O R Y P R O T E C T IO N developing into pneumonia. een steamed and was told they were not to walk to the ambulance room. Several specific instances are known where During (ie time this particular process tructed to clean that tank. FOUR CASES OF CHLORINE personnel should have worn protective equip- was being developed, operators got used to i ment and did not although it was available When the workmate returned after fetchng a respirator and a lifeline he saw that a P O ISO N IN G the chlorine type odor. At this same lime t and die specific personnel were familiar the self-contained breathing apparatus was adder and hose pipe had Wen lowered into In four cases in which only slight expo with use. For the most part these instances not the popjilar item it is today. A chemical the unsteamed tank and that the laborer had sure to chorine gas occurred, the effects : involved professional grade personnel of the cartridge respirator was what they gener unaccountably entered without a lifeline or were stated to have been aggravated by tW( "difficult personality" category engaged in ally carried draped about their neck. Prob respirator. A fter shouting for help he at existence of a previous chest condition. ? Research and Development. Injuries were ably mnnyi times the trouble was lorated tempted to enter the tank, at the bottom of One of these cases was a plant operator in all of these cases from volatile vesicants, and the mask removed after the contami which there was about 12 inches of liquid, who inhaled a whiff of chlorine when adding and though injuries were serious enough to nated area* was under control without the but was forced to come out Wcause of the hydrochloric acid to a reaction vessel under have resulted in lost time, there was, in operators* having an exposure. fumes. negative pressure, after having put in sturry of sodium chlorite. The doctor who fact, no lost time. In one instance the employee was con A numl>ejr of times though, the capacity of the cartridge was unknowingly depleted During the rescue operations a fireman, who in his hurry entered the tank without a mask, was gassed, as was the ambutance treated him in hospital considered that the inhalation of a small amount of chlorine vinced to use recommended safety proce by prior iis^s. Then again, the general con dures by a combination of greatly increased tamination jivotdd instill in the operator the room attendant who bad donned a fresh-air had "triggered off" an acute attack in t supervisory pressure and alarmist industrial idea that Ins mask was O K. when it icdlv mask and a lifeline hut dislodged his face man subject to asthma. hygiene propaganda. In another instance wasn't. Tfic operator would thru piston*? mask while in the tanks and lost conscious A process operator, aged 32, whose expo* such stresses produced no apparent effect. Ins 11ip beyond limits and have an esp'iMtt,' ness. The laborer was given artificial respi sure to chlorine from a leak in a plant for the chlorination of dimeihylacctat was slight, RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS To sum up then an operator : ration and oxygen but failed to recover. suffered from cough, breathlessness and pah We have had people injured while they a. would not know llic condition id TW other fatal case was a benzol bouse in the chest. The chest physician, who were wearing respiratory equipment and Ills mask because he was generally attendant aged 47, who was found lying found a lesion in the left upper zone and also we have them injured by not wearing conditioned to the contaminant. prone and unconscious on the floor, which was saturated with benzol. He was im mediately dragged into the open air and artificial respitation was started at once, this Wing continued with the aid of a rocking stretcher, oxygen also Wing given. Despite this treatment, he was found to W dead on arrival in hospital. kept him under observation at rest a t borne * them even though they werc'available. Some to assess the activity of the tuWrculosti I of tlie latter are the "Smoke Eater" type lesion, thought the infection was a fact '.who think they can get along without the greater than chlorine exposure in this case-IF stand-by equipment A night watchman, aged 5* said A basic problem with any respiratory had a previous chest condition, protective equipment is knowing the llmita- irom a sensation of chokm,,. cough * J ll|ioni of , p,, , icular device.' Actually, the respiratory tightness iollowmg a shght h i W -a,;, ot ,lie se|( .c0lltamed breathing When the distillation temperature had ol chlorine Irom a control valve. v l l ^ aralui can be a,,rib,,ted to the fact that Wen reached ft was the attendant's duty to The fourth case m this group was a fitter, $l$ limitations arc far less than any of icduce the steam sufficiently to allow distil aged 57, who, with other men was clcanM|l* that depend on chemicals for air lation to proceed in (he normal manner. an air-cooler plant from which some waterI t purification. In addition, the operator does If this was not done, the crude motor spirit containing four p p m . of chlorine was leal-If not have to be concerned in knowing would boil vapidly and would eventually overflow on to the floor. After the accident, the plant was found to be in order, and it was assumed that the accident was due to the use of too much steam. CARBON DISULPHIDE Following the discovery of a teak at a ing. The other men were unaffected by iWljwheiher there is sufficient oxygen in the air. 1 small amount ol chlorine, but the fiU*l j , n ^ ,;cu|,, , we w tre who was stated to be a heavy smoker, whkh fronted with a number of stages in which caused him to cough continuously, becaat reactants were more or less open to the unconscious and suffered (rom lachrytratioi atmosphere. In spile of a number of spot and cough. ventilators there was a prevalence of IMPROPER VENTILATIO N ^noxious odors, most free chlorine. rotary va' ~>n an electric arc furnace used A laboratory technician was c!eanitt| IV Gdorinc is considered here for its nut- b. would not know the remaining capa city of the mask. c. would realize that the mask was not working but would remain in the xrea thinking he could get by or ' hold his breath a moment longer in order to complete the job. The second part of the problem refers to the people that do not use the equipment that Is available. These are the "Smoke Enters" or the ones that think they can chance ft. Even today with the self-con tained breathing apparatus available, this p7ac^ce"conlimK a contaminated area (FM tog). This partirutar entry was made for no good reason at all. Two men were putting their self-contained breathing apparatus on attd this fellow decided lo go in with a handkerchief over his nose. It turned thal the men wearing self-contained breath for (he the roaua tus was m ration of carbon bisulphide, ecidcd that breathing appara <*ary while repairs were Wing vessel wilh a mixture of hydrochloric kslutance and noxious characteristics rather nitric acids. The work was being done rip'than for its toxicity. Even small amounts a sink in front of an open window. Hr *'ve a definite odor and they usually cause ing apparatus made the necessary emergency shutdown! ventilators soon decontaminated the areaJ and normal entry could be made. 31 OUUdiil ) 1957 National S o ftly Congress SOAP DUST Our operation is essentially a soap manu facturing plant and the air in our factory is frequently contaminated with soap dust front detergents and dust arising from fine woodflonr and corumcal. We issue our em ployees a dust mask (not Bureau of Mines ap proved).The filter element consists of a honey comb construction of whipped foam latex. This device does a modest job of filtering; however, we W V t'm lW 1 been compfet LABORATORY AND H W : : A. PU N T SAFETY satisfied. Despite the fact that we hate issued masks to alt personnel about half o f< |^ * (A Symposium) our personnel prefer to use an ordinary. | . hwahnidchkercahpipeefarswrtaoppdeod aabosauttisfathcteoirry (sjookvf ^LABORATORY BARRICADING O F HIGH PRESSURE without the unpleasantness of the AND EXTRA HAZARDOUS REACTIONS t tl outline roa satermo aisriaaioar mottemt otvtcts by GODFREY J. MOLL ifc. chem ical engineer CIBA Pharm aceutical Product*, Inc., Summit, N . J. HAZARD r~ 0*n*i* rtattw Fwit! Hm miA with i* StHtmlMtl hm ntuk tt*nA | .ith Safety engineers are often called on to T ik Cm I iin Ia m I i.f] tie or approve plans for laboratories 'i u .bach high pressure or extra hazardous 1 C lM M I 1 t~ Ilf a r ~ ----------------1-- Ct Alr-lin Hu mitk milk iiiyltalof wilhDbl Unir I 1 (S im ili nd "1 M in ili p w lH v lil 1 _. 1 1 """ D ut, m ilt. r fu n i ( p irate r 1 A lrlifi r ip l ito r ........1 A taM lm M s illftt fe ip lrile t C--Mni1cil 1 urltiln Ullliilor T f rw ; J jQ " il T J| K1 will be safely operated. In these 'the protective shield or barricade is {only fixed piece of safety equipment uwill remain operable 100 per cent of ',Ume. Equipment, instrumentation, and y devices are all apt to fail at any time 'ess of maintenance and inspection, judgement of the best-trained operating mcxtncl need only be wrong once. The wricade may be considered ns the primary Stalely device. liMndiilily Iminotti to lit* Soil <onUiod How moit Got mask kfuthifl| HR wllli aporolut blowtr *pcll fitlor r-- Alr-IInt toiplttlor NOT d*n|rout to tit ~ 1 ----------^ Nom onk Ckti without cortfUi Ri ipodol ^ High pressure and extra hazardous re ft ,pouch projects arc being carried out in j Ttaftorricaded laboratories in many univer- at some industrial research centers United States. Workers at these in will point with pride at their persafety record, but tomorrow might yield and last accident The manage- ''Ropilnlod from Bvitou I Minot tnloimotton C l .* o l C . B A Pharmaceutic! Product* I j k . `S M Summit, N. J., lias recognised the risk Jyrolved in not barricading high pressure ions. & rlp u r high pressure laboratory was con- \ JW****! *n * built-up area presenting the cmof not only protecting the operating unonncl but also the personnel of adjacent lidding! from flic effects of missiles and % waves. A suitable barricade was cou r t evicted of 16-indi reinforced concrete with J ff'ytdector wall of similar construction eight from the frangible wall. Further pro- was provided by hanging onc-hatf `if wire rope blast mats between the build- 4 yg and the rcncctor wall, which would on the b islic pendulum tlicory in *ng missiles and dissipating shock This is but one approach to the of barricading. I The question often arises as to wlai should be considered hazardous enough to vpirrant the cx|>cn&c of barricading. Some authors fed that when equipment is in stalled to handle inflammable materials :u pressures greater than 500 psi the me of some form of barricade should be murid crcd. When research at high pas pirssim s n work on known explosives i< conducir I life protection of personnel and other iactlitics with mi adequate barricade mu I I-' considered. Ill smalbscalc (low rxpctimrtils v.Imiv 11* amouid of material in process is .until. il s~ coimmm to use pressures as high as m i.J thousand pounds without special barricades. Once it lias been decided to build a barri cade there arc still many question* to he answered. The two most important as far as the barricade is concerned are tlc malerials of construction and their thickness. MUST KN O W MISSILE If we knew the velocity, wri ;ht and shape of the missile and tlc mtximtmi force expected from an explosion. " c could de sign a barricade using a ininonum wall thickness. Harneados must be dorien -I prevent penetration by large missile* at l*w velocity, such as reactor beads, ami :ri-u small misrih-s at high velocity, smb a ltd*ing, nuts or oilier small fillings. S'eu* n a tion is dependent u|hiu the vclocilj of lbmissile at impact, tin ph>sical properties of the missile, ami th>- characteristic of die material used to cor .true! the barrier. The speed of smtnj lias been suggested n velocity, as most objects when pi.p*lbd through air decrease in velocity to the speed of sound. If missiles of higher velocity arc c:l>cclcd, the modified l*clry equation f>r Penetration can still be -*scd to calculate a it 19}/ Notional S o ftly Congress PUBLISH CASE HISTORIES by the body, the symptqntfc, first id and the I Still another letter recommended publish safe way to use the chemltal. ' I 14. Poisoning (Home and Farm), M Gleason, R. E. Gosjscliii, H. M<j The Williams 9t Wilkins Co., 1957. ing actual case histories ol the misuse of toxic chemicals and their results. Since the same toxic chemicals arc used in many laboratories or pilot plants, it would no doubt be worthwhile to make available in formation of this kind. Setting up a toxicology chart was another idea received. This chart could contain columns giving the name of the toxic material, maximum allowable concentration, appearance, the type of operation where this material would be used, how it is absorbed These are all good ideas but your com-1 miitcc on Toxic Chemicals needs more is*I formation both on an expansion of the prej ceding ideas listed as well as new M j 15. Accidental Poisoning in Childhood, , Edw. Press, American Academy of > Pediatrics, 1801 Hinman Ave., Evans* V ton, HI. RA 1216-A52, 1956. It is the responsibility and moral obligs-l 16. Toxic Solvents, Dr. Ethel Drowning, lion of each of us to do what we can t | | Edw. Arnold Bt Co., London. RA 1270, further the cause of safe practices whkkl S6II4 1953. will prevent suffering and the loss of hum*I life. Please send your ideas on the me o || #17. Handbook o f Poisons, Dr. Rolcrt II. Dreisbach, Lange Medical Publication, toxic chemicals to R. V. Montello, Re! U s Altos, Calif. RA 12H-D7, 1955. search Division, National Cash RegUttf.l Company, Dayton 9, Oho.<^ :ff! Poisons--Their Isolation and Identifi cations, Frank Bamford, The Blakis- *'1 ton Co.. Philadelphia. RA 1211-B23, 1 1951. A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TOXIC CHEMICALS 119. Manufacturing Chemists* Assoc. Chcmi \y cal Safety Data Sheets (covering about r' 70 chemicals) complete list of publica Prepared by: Toxic Chemicals Committee, Laboratory and Pilot Plant Group, tions available from Manufacturing Chemists* Assoc, Inc., 1625 Eye St., N. W., Washington 6, D. C. (Refer Chemical Section of the National Safety Council also to Warning Labels Manual, Man- ^ ual L -l) \ This compilation of references on toxic chemicals is made possible through the coop eration of die following committee members: John li. Fox. safety director of the Mon santo Chemical co., Texas City, Tex.; Robert A. Quisno. president. Hill Top Re search Institute, Inc., Miamiviltc, Ohio and Ralph V. Montello, head, materials dept.. Research Div., National Cadi Register Co., DayUrn. Ohio. A*i*l:uirc wm nlm given hy J. II. Mark. tcpailimiit uf health, education, and welfare; A. II. Christian, American Viscose Corp.; H. H. Fawcett, General Electric Co.; and J. N. Romine, Phillips Petroleum Co. The acope of this work is aimed at pre senting S list of references on the toxic chemicals useful to members of the chemical industry. It covers books and periodicals. BOOKS 1. Toxicology and Hygiene of Industrial Solvents. Lehmann and Flury, The Williams & Wilkins Co. 2. T#ir Symptom* mid 7'rrdhiirMl of Acute Poisoning. C*. M. W. Lucas, Toronto, Clarke, Irwin Co, Ltd., 1952. J. Handbook of Emergency Toxicology, lney Kaye, Charles C. Thomas, .her, 1954. 4. Accident Prevention Manual for It- l 20. NDaattiaonSahleetSs a(fceotyveriCngouanbcoilut 4In0dcuhsetrmiail ustrini Operations, 3rd Edition, Nt-| homi Safety Council, 1955. cals) complete list available from Na tional Safely Counril, 425 N. Michigan 5. Dungnous Properties of Industrial M Ave., Chicago II, Illinois. tenais, by Sax, 1957. (This book iti . 21. Chemical Softtyx Supervision, by J. the latest work by Sax and follows hb| jf. Guclich, 221 pages, Rdnbold Pub. Handbook of Dangerous Materials) {' Corp., New York; 1956. $4.50. 6. Encyclopedia of Chemical Trc/inofo^yj New York, tulcrscicncc, 1947. v. 12 ?. 22. Modern Occupational Medicine,' by 7. k1iimif;triiutuft Cltrmi*U Associatimi l Fleming. D*Alonzo and Zapp, 414 pages, I t & Fcbtger, I'hllndclplila, 1954. i Safety in the chemical laboratory. Nn York, Van Nostrand, 1954. j,-. 23. Poisoning, by W. F. von Oettingen, 8. Pieters, : Honore A. Safety * in lb| ;L t. 524 pages, Paul B. Hoeber, Inc^ Department of Harper Be Bros^ New chemical laboratory. London, Butter- J / York 16, N. Y. worth, 1951. 9. National Safety Council. 5npmnjo'i| I; 24. ItwndousvtroilaulmHesy,gibeyne F&. AT.oxPicaottlyo,gy1,1i3n8 safety rmmual. Chicago, 1956. pages, Interscicnce Publishers, Inc., 10. Association of British Chemical Mu| L, New York, 1949. facturcrs. Safety rules for sue 9 i. Industrial Toxicology, by Hamilton Be chemical works. London, 1952. Hardy, second edition, 574 pages, Paul 11. Macfarlane, Donald I. Safety if tudwl i.; B. Hoeber, Inc., Harper & Bros., New fry; <md infrodtitlion to the ^rofrtM York. 1949. of personnel. New York, Philosophical 6. Industrial Toxicology, hy Fairlta!!, 483 Library, I9SS. pages, Williams 6 Wilkins Co., Haiti- 12. Blake, R. IV, cd. Industrial safety, 2f| more, 1949. ed. New York, Prentice-Hall, 19S1 7. Toxic Eye Hazards, Pub. No. 494, 101 13. The Merck Index o f Chemicals ed| pages, The National Society for the Drugs, Merck Be Co., Ine., I9S~ 41 U U l J i J t .c Oirnitctfl lud i* of Dlindneift.^iu*.. IT*M " ''Broadway, New York l9^Kj Y., $1.14. 28. Clinical Toxicology, by Tlncncs and Ilalcy, 457 pages, Lea L* Fchigct. Philadelphia, 1955. 29. Handbook of Toxicology, Vol. 1, Edi ted by W. S. Spcctor, 408 pages, \V. 11. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 1956. 30/ TiijriVity o f Industrial- Organi* .W J vents, by l i Drowning, 411 teiges, !*V *t vised American Edition, 1953. Cltcm .I Publishing Co., New York 10, N. Y. 31. J Assoc. Brit. Chem. Mfgrs. Safety rules for nie m chemical works. Tt. t -- Model rules, 3rd cd., 1947. Pt. 2--De tailed instructions, 1950. 32. J Atomic Energy Commission. E f f e c t s o f atomic weapons. Combat Force Press, 1950. J3. Dlont, E. R. Monmners. Interscicnce. 1951. 34.1Browning, I i Toxic solvents, l i AmJold Bt Co., London, 1953. 15. Elkins, II. B. Chemistry of industrial toxicology. Wiley, 1950. .*6. (iuclich, J. safety lioN. Remind!, 1956. 37. Hamilton. A. I n d u s tr ia l p o is o n s fa th e U n ite d S ta te s . Macmillan, 1929. 38. Henderson, Y. Bt Haggatd, H. W. Noxious gases, 2nd ed. Rchiliold. 1943. 39. Jacobs, M. U. Analytical chemistry of industrial poisons, Itcsardt and solvents, 2nd ed. Iiilrrwicncf, 1950. 40. Johnstone, U. T. Occi#piifi<ni/ dneascs. Saunder, 1942. 41. Jolmstone, R. T. Ocrnfiifiimuf t: editine and industrial hygiene. C. V. Mosby Co. 1948. 42. Lehmann, K. D. & Flury, R. 7 ricology and hygiene of indushial sat- vents. 43. McNally, W. D. Toxicology~-tndus- trial Medtse. Industrial Medicine. Chicago, 1937. 44. Manufacturing Chemists* Assoc. <7rer a t s a f e t y g u i d e f o r s a f e t y in th e c h e m ic a l la b o r a to r y . Van Nu-U.ml. 1954. 45. Sax, N. !. Handbook of dangerou* materials. Reitibold, 1951. 45 /P57 National S o ftly Congress 46. Von Oettingcn. VV. F. Halogenated 12. Physically toxic chemicals and indus hydrocarbons, toxicity and potential dtifiprri. U. S. Public Health Service, Pub. No. 414, 1955. trial hygiene, J. C. McGowM mi^.M.A. | Archives ind. Health It :3lS-23# April, IV55. 27. Studies on the toxicity and i l | o f compounds used in the plasties industries; accelerate 47. lljorkiten Rtiearclt Laboratories. Health haiardi (ol polyesters) Pages 247-52, 558-61, in book "Polyesters and their application*' Reinhold, 1956. 13. Power engineering handbook; maxi mum allowable concentrations o f toxic vapors and gases. J. D. Constance. I Power Eng. 60:122, March, 1956. vators, and antioxidants. K. S. Mnllelle and li. von llauin. A.M.A, Archives lnd. Hygiene and Occup. Med. 5:311-17, April 1952. 48. Williams, J. L. & K. J. Clcereman. 14. Annals o f medicine; case o f carbon 28. Toxic metals cause new industrial Physiological properties of /olyrlyrme. tetracMoride Poisoning. B. Roueche. disease problems. W. Scliweisheitner. Page 491 in Chapt. 10 of book New Yorker. 31:35-6, Feb. 26. 1951 Iron Age. 168:159-60, Dec. 6. 1951. "Styrene, its polymers, copolymers and derivatives," cd. by R. H. Boundy ft 15. EfiptWrMp phases o f plants health control W . A. Cook. Chem. & Eng. 29. Toxicity o f ethylene dibromide deter mined on experimental anitnah. V. K. R. F. Boyer. Reinhotd, 1952. News. 29:1517-18, April 16, 1951. Rowe & others. A.M.A. Archives PERIODICALS 16. Field o f chetnical hygiene, H. F. Ind. Hygiene & Occup. Med. 6:158-73, August 1952. 1. Gleason, Marion N. Clinical, toxicology of commercial Products, Furns and Smyth, J r , Chem. ft Eng. New. 29:1196-7, March 26, 1951. 30. Toxicological study o f sotne polypro MacEachem, 1957. 17. How to gel rid o f toxic tndurlriol pylene glycols. C. B. Shader nnd others. A.M.A. Archives Ind. Hy 2. Dreisbach. Robert H. Handbook of wastes. Eng. News., 146:300-1, J t. 14, giene & Occup. Med. 3:448:53, May poisons. Lange, 1955. 19S1. 1951. 3. Decomposition products introduce ha*- 18. Medical aspects of the industrial by- | t 31. Amyl ocelote; hazards and precautions; ord lo fcroflb. H. H. Schrenk. lnd. it giene program. J. H. Sterner. Chem. I data slice!. Nat. Safety News Eng- Chem. 47: sup 87A-8-A, Dec. 1955. Eng. News. 29:1399-401, April 9, 1951. 68:30-1+, August 1953. 19. Prevention o f accidents when handling If; 32. Chemieat hazards in glass and ceramic 4. increased industrial use of zirconium chemicals. R. Winderltch. J. Chem. | f industries. J, A. Houghton. Glass lnd, has stimulated jftiWtcr to evaluate health hazard. Iml. fit Fug. Client. 46: Ediic. 27:670-3, Dec. 1950. 34:369-371, July 1953. sujip 99A-I00A+, Dec. 1954. 20. Sulfuric acid; hazards and precautions; , 33. Experience accumulated in three years 5. Criteria for,the diagnosis of occupa tional illness. R. A. Kehoe lnd. Med. data slice!. Nat. Safety N. 63:39-40+,J? May 19SI 1 of on occupational medical clinic. If. L Hardy, lnd. Med. 21:424-6. Sept. 1952. 24:427-42. Oct. 19S5. 21. Toxic effects o f exposure to vapors, 34. Health; more care il needed. G. G. 6. Hojordotii exposure lo some so-called o f aliphotes amines. H. Brieger ft W. A. Hades. A.M.A. Archives ltd. Carr. Iron Age. 170:21-2, Dec. 25, 1952. \ safe solvents. ). P. Huges. Nat. Safe. News 70:50. Dec. 1954. Hygiene and Occup. Med. 3 :2B7-91*:1 35. How safe ore safety sotventsf M. 2, 7. Evaluation of toxicity. R. S. Ingals. March 1951. Poliakoff. Nat. Safety News. 67^8-9+ , bibliog. Sewage ft lnd. Wastes 22. Toxic substances; their properties, ef Feb. 1953. \ 27*26-33, Jan. 1955. fects, and controls. Management db 36. Studies in the toxicity ond skin effects 8. Dronchiat aillims ond Atllimaiic bran-. chilis in H r Hrmintl indiulry. R. sheets. Factory Management, 108:13kIf? 138. 140, Dec. 1950. 109:142, 144. J 1-' 1951. j of compounds used in the rubber ond plastics industries. F. S. Mallette ft E. von Haam. A.M.A. Archives Ind. terrier, lnd. Med. 24 :454-8, Oct. 1955. 23. How lo control hazardous 4tibi(oiKU Med. ft Occup. Med. 5:311-17; 9. Mellan, lbert and Mcllan, Eleanor. G. A. Sherman. Safety Maint. ft Proilf 6:231-42, April. Sept. 1952. Dictionary of poisons. New York, Philosophical Library, 1956. 103:62-4, June 1952. l i 37. Xylene and toluene; hazards and pre- 10. Health and safely problems increase as 24. Maximum allowable concentrations. H.|. cautions; data sheet. Nat. Safety News. commercial production and industrial applications of hydrazine increase. H. IsIu.p St1oc0eh5raAcn-ikIi0u. 6AAInX+d., nDbe--cE. nt1go9.e5LiChem. 41`:114Vj 38. 6C8u:r3r8e-n9t+m, eAthuogdusot f 1d95e3te. rmining safety H. Schrcnk. lnd. it F.ng. Cliem. 46: 25. Organic polyphosphates; safe mapwis- in the application o f new chemicals. sup 93A-95A, Aug. 1954. of handling them. Nat, Safety Kcttllv T. W. Nale. Ind. Med. 20:50! 6, Nov. H. CoifiiiiHmVtflionr liner otd problems of 64:124 6. Dec. 19SI. Iji 1951. a toxicology laboratory avrfciiij; for indii H. F. Smyth, Jr. A.M.A. 26. Safe handling of hazardous NMfwukty 39. Toxicity and Health Hazards o f Boron L. B. Johnson and R. D. Lawrence] Hydrides, by E. H. Krackow, A.M.A. Arc* 'nd. Health 15: 269-73. April, 1957. Mill and Factory. 50:134-8, M; 1952. Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, 8, 335-339, Oct. 1953. t 0 0 0 3 3 Chemical Industries Unpublished paper "Respiratory Pro tection," by H. L if^t^cctt, presented 1 to Greater New Vn6ltfciy Mnrch 21. 1957. 4|, Investigation o f Accident Involving Titanium and Bed Turning Nitric Acid, Dec. 29, 1953, Information Circular 7711, U. S. Bureau of Mine*. 4800 Forbes Street, Pittsburgh 13, Pa. (Inarch 1955); see also Injury and Death from Red Turning Nitric Acid, byt>A. J. McAdams, ?r. and S. Krop. J.A.M.A. 158, 1022-1024 (July 23, 1__9_$_);, ani d Nitrogen Dioxide, Hy gienic Guides available at 25c from American Industrial Hygiene Assne., I41t!5 Prevost, Detroit 27, Michigan. 42. I J 'l-Trichloroethane, Hygienic Guide, available at 25c from American In dustrial Hygiene Assoc., 14125 I'rcwsf. Detroit 27, Michigan; sec also Nat. Safety Council Safely Data Sheet, I,1,-Trichlororthane, available May 1. 195/' from Nat. Safely Council. (.!> N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago II. Illi nois. 43. Hazards o f Isocyanates in Potyutc thane Town Plastic Production, by I. A. Zapp, A.M.A. Archives of Indus trial Health, 75, 324-330. April 1957. 44. The Mean Amines, by P. J. Hailey, National Safety News, 74, p. 61, Nov. 1956. 45. Dry Ice (CO*), Chemical Safety Data Sheet, National Safety Counril, 425 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago II, Illinois. 46. Accident Prevention in Childhood-- The Kerosene Hazard, hy Hugh A. Car hers. J.A.M.A. 159, 109-111, Sept 10, 1955. 47. Lwt*s Stop Killing and Crippling Our Children, by H. F. Dietrich, Ladies* Home Journal, LXXII, No. 9, p. 84. Sept. 1955. 48. Public Health Aspects of Poisoning, by E. Press, J A M A. 163, 1330-2; How Toxic Is I tf, by R. E. Gnssclm. J. A.M.A., 163, 1333-7; Practical agement of Common Poisoning, by !. M. Arena, J.A.M.A., 163, 13*11-3; Manufacturer Looks at Child Poison- ing. by J. H. Foutgcr, J.A.M.A. 163. 1344-7. April 13, 1957. 49. Operational Memoranda '* Economic Poi*on, by Tech Dcvcl CRC P() Man I 7 Notional S a fety Congress oooar.i Chemical Induth u s -) 7W, Savannah, Ca., Revised April 1, refs. Reinforced Plastics JDir^.JSPI - 78. MacDougall, J.D.B. 1956. Confer. 1951. Sect. 16. on silicon* ' rubbers a l . Indutlrial Hygiene Digest, Monthly, published by Industrial Hygiene Foundation, 4400 Filth Ave., Pittsburgh 13, Pa. 64. Coleman, E H. 8c C. A. ThotntS Products of combustion of chlorinated ptastics. J. Appt. Chein. 4, 379-83 (1954). stances. Nature 372, 1* 1953). 79. McKinley, C. Scott. Practical expertif* ences with dangers and illnesses from 1. A.M.A. Arch, of Industrial Health, monthly, published by The American Medical Assoc., 535 M. Dearborn St., Chicago 10, Illinois. 52. American Industrial Hygiene Assoc., Quarterly, published by the A.I.H.A., 65. Crauch, A. G. Toxicity of some of the newer plastics. Ind. Med. 35, 168-70 (1946). 66. Erwin, J. R. Fibergtas plastics. Indus trial medical aspects and experiences. 1ml Med. Jd. 439-41 (1947). plastics. Ind. Med. 36, 432-4 (1947). y. 80. McKinley, C Scott Practical precau tions with plastics. Occupational Haz ards 30, No. 3, 14, 38 (1948). 81. Mallete, F. S. & E. von Haazn. Toxi city and skin effects of compounds Howard N. Schulz, Editor, 605 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago II, Illinois. 53. Bulletin of Hygiene Reprints, Monthly, Bureau of Hygiene & Tropic*! Dis eases, Keppel St., Gower Slrect, W.C. !, London, England. 54. Special Hazards Bulletins of the Assoc. Casualty and Surety Companies, 0 John St.. New York 38, N. Y. 55. Survey of Compounds IVhich Hove Been Tested for Carcinogenic Activity, 2nd E d, by ). I.. Hartwell, 583 pages. Public Health Service Pub., No. 149, 195!, U.S.G.P.O., Washington, D. C.. *425. $6. Data Sheets on Toxic Chemicals issued by American Industrial Hygiene Assoc., 14I2S Prevosl, Detroit 27, Michigan. 57. Toxicological Reviews ol the Ameri can Petroleum Institute, Dept, of Safety, 50 W. 50th St., New York City. N. Y. 58. American Petroleum Institute. API toxicologUal reviews. 1st series, 1948; 2nd series, 1953. 63 reviews. 59. Amer. Cyunamid. Co. Toxicology of 67. Goss, A. E. & A, M. Ross. Effective control of lead dust in manufacture of vinyl plastics. ASME Paper #52; A-159 meeting, Nov., Dec. 1952. 68. Grimaldi, J. V. H aiards of synthetic plastics. Mech. Eng. 72, 987-9 (1950). 69. Kaskie, J. C. Toxicity of 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate; studies of the ex traction of Santicieer 14t from poly vinyl chloride films by foodstuffs under various conditions of storage Arch 1ml Hyg. Occup. Med. 8, 281-3 (Sept., I9S3). 70. Lehman, A. J. 8c W. I.. Patterson. FDA acceptance criteria; deter mining safety of chemicals used in food pack aging materials. Mod. Packaging 2$, 115-20 (1955). 71. Lehman, A. J., ct al. Procedures for the appraisal of the toxicity of chemi cals in food, drugs and cosmetics. Food,' Drug, Cosmetic J. 10,679 (O ct, 1955). 72. Lehman, A. J. Title Unknown-onr safely in food packaging. Assoc. Food 8r Drug OIL, U. S. Quart. Bull 19, 87 0955). 73. Lieber, E. E. Dermatitis--an industrial used n the rubber and plastics industries. I. Accelerators. 1 Plasticizers. 3. Carcinogenicity of carbon black ex tracts. Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 5, 311-17 (1952); 6, 231-42 (1953). 82. Morris, G. E C ondensation ptaslics: their dermatological and chemical as pects. Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 5, 37-43 (1952). 83. Morris, G. E Synthetic rubbers. Their chemistry dermatological aspects. Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 8, 540-6 (1953). 84. Morris, G. E. Vinyl Plastics. Their dermatological ;is|K*cls. Arch. Iml. Hyg. Occnp. Med. 8, S3S-9 (I9SJ). 85., 86., 87.--omitted. 88. Ostr, U. L. Evaluating safety of chemicals in packaging materials, Uib- liog. Food Eng. 27, 57-9 (April, 1955). 89. Penn. Dept. Labor 8c1 Industry. Safe guarding of health in the plastics In- . du&try. Safe Practice Bull. No. 88, ?: Jan., 1942. \ 90. Penn. Dept. Labor 8cIndustry. Safety in the manufacture and application of acrylic plastics. Safe practice Buff. 95, May, 1942. orrylomfrittf, August 1954. 60. Anon. Barrier pretties protect workers; deimalitet from synthetic glues imd resins. Cltem. Age. 73, 739-40, October 1955. 6!. Barail, L. C. fliolojjy of plastics. SPE Journal 9. # 1. 14-5. 1953. 62. Berger, L. B., ct al. Toxicity and flame resistance of iJi/rmo-sclting plastics, U. S. Bur. Mines, Kept. Invest. 4134,Oclober 10*7. 63. Brad) siders fnrred Industrial hygiene con m manufacture of reinlies (polyesters) 9pp. 17 m s')" " ^ P `aS,iC* 2S- (CkV; l 74. Little, G. E. formaldehyde in dermetitir attributable to synthetic resls glues. Urit. Select Govt. Res. Replt V. 7--Adhesives, 1950. 75. Loeser 8c Bommann. Biological eHedi.'| of monomeric styrene. Fette. Seilca Austrichmiule 58, (3), 18! (I9S6). *-j 76. Luvont, R. Dermatitis from cresolic resins. Ross. med. ind. 333-6 (1953). 77. McCormick, W. E. Industrial heallk! problems in the rubber industry. A al Ind. llyg. Quart. 13, 37-51 (1952), v W. ,i 92. t:^93. y f.W. PI!! Mattrialj M ig.A oc. ConUct dermatitis from synthetic resin orfArsives. 1945. Pokrovski*. V. A. Professional hazards in the production of synthetic rubber (in Russian). Gigiena i, Sanit, 1953, No. 9, 17-23. Rogers, J. C. Industrial hygiene probfetus in the field of plastics. Arch. ind. Health 32, 749 I (Oct., 195S). Salvini, M. Occupational sickness in manufactures of phenolic resins. Folia Med. (Naples) 36, 691-9 (1953). Schrenk, H. H. Basic considerations in evaluating health ' hazards of food packaging materials. Ind. Eng. Client. 47, sup. 9 $ - 6 \ (9ct., 1955). 96. Schrenk,- K . `It^Decomposition prod ucts introduce hazards to health ( T e f l o n ) Ind. Eng. Chcm. 47, Sup. 87-8A (Dec.. 1955). 97. Schrenk, H. H. Isocyanate toxicology. Ind. Eng. Chem. 47 sup. 107-8A (June, 1955). 98. Schrenk. H. H. Toxicology of synthetic resins. Ind. Eng. Cltem. 48, sup. 103-#A (April, 1956). 99. SchVartz, L. How to guard against derrsatitis. Ptastics (Chicago) 3, No. 5. 4c-52, 80-4 (1945). 100. Sherwood, R. J. Title unknown--on toxicity of ICI's Fluon, a folytctrafiuonoethylene. Trans. Assoc. Ind. Med. Off.)5, 10 (1955). 101. Snell, Foster D. What arc the hazards of new materials (melamines) Inctcr Dec! Snell Hull., 1916. 102. Suu&crman, F.W. & II.H. II-.* Ini tattnjg and **! * 1 |m<|>mu-mi !.'.* ' * I Med. V. 2H II iM h*!i :. 103. Swenson, A., ct al. Title mil'.** `*i toxicology of isocytintes used itt /.: quers. Brit. J. Ind. Med. 12,60 (1955). 104. White, R. B. Dust irritation problems in fabricating reinforced plactics. Mod. Plastics 32, 129, 227 (Nov., 1954). 105. Wilson, R.H. & W .E McCormick. Toxicology of ptasitc components and solvents. 1ml. Med. & Surgery 23, 479-86 (Nov., 1954). 106. Wilson, R.H. & W.E. McCormick. Tille unknown--a compilation of fojricological information on some of the more important materials used in plas tic manufacture. Summarizes data from 78 published reports, hid. Med. & Surg. 24, 491 (1955). 107. Anon. Safe containers hold organics for irradiation--Nucleonics 14, 51 (Aug., I9S6). 108. AEC. Control of radiation hazards in the Atomic Energy Program, July, 1950. 109. Graham, R. G. Industrial atom, AF.C experimental program on reactor safety. TID-8009. Feb., 1956, ) \7 Notional S a fety C onduis 9 Nat. Acad, Sci. Biological effects of atomic radiation, A report to tlic pub lic. 1956. It. Nat. Acad. Sri. Biological effects of atomic radiation. Summary report, 1956. <12. Spiers. F. W. Radiation hazards in the scientific and industrial use of atomic energy. Chem. & Ind. 1955, 1447 (Nov. 5). 113. Nat. Bur. Stand. Maximum permis* sible amounts of radioisotopes in the human body and maximum permissible concentrations in air and water. NBS Hdbk. 52. March. 1953. 114. Lehman. A. J. Some toxicological rea sons why certain chemicals may or may not be permitted as food additives. Assoc. Food Drug Off. Bull. 14, 82-98 (July. 19S0). 115. Mackenzie. E. F. W. Effects of alkathene upon water quality. J. Inst. W ater Engineers 5, 596-605 (1951). 125. Canada Dcpi. of Health. Nilypyif^fjpne poisoning, 1941 UL I'll. 126. Carpenter, C. P., et al. Inhalation of 140. I , 3-lmiadiritrr; a comparison of Its narcotic effects with that of benxene, tohmic and styrene hy human subjects. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 26, 69-78 (1944). Ml. 127. Carpenter, C. P., ct al. Toxicity and and hazards of dibutyl kentone vapors. Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. J, 377-81 14L (1953). 128. Cellulose Plastics Mfgrs. Assoc. Safe guarding pyroxylin* plastic. Jan., 1937. B. 129. Climenko, D. R., et at. Leucotoxic ac tion of bentol. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 24, 289-92 (1942). 130. Davenport, S. J., et al. Review of fluorine and its compounds in the min ing allied industries. Bur. Mines Circ. 7687, I9S4. 131. Deichmann, W. Toxicity of methyl, 4$. ethyl and n-butyl methacrylate. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 23, 343-51 (1941). 116. Mfg. Chem. Assoc. Chemicals in foods. Symposium held iu New York City, 1952. 132. Downing, J. G , et at. Dermatitis from casheto nut shell oil. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 22. 169-74 (1940). 117. NBda.t.URseeso.f Cchoeumnciicla, l Faododditiv&es Ninutfroitoidosn. 133. aDcurdylleoyn,itrHile. C(v,inyclt cayl.anTidoex)i.coIl.ogSytudoyf 46. Dec., 1951. of the acute toxicity: 2. Study of 118. Sale, J. W. Regulatory problems in the food flavoring industry. Assoc. Food Drug Off. U. S. Quart. Dull. 7, # 4 -- effects of daily inhalation. J. Ind. Hyg Tox. 24, 27-36, 2SS-8 (1942). 134. Elkins, H. B., et al. Determination ol 17. (Oct., 1953). atmospheric contoiniiianls. 1. Organir 119. Nat. Sue. Prevention of Blindness. Industrial first aid in chemical injuries halogen compounds. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox 19, 474-8S (1937). of the eye. Pub. 419, 1944. 135. Fribcrg, L., et al. Toxicitics of fri 120. Adams, E. M. et al. Acute vapor toxi city of offyf chloride. J. Ind. Hyg. 22, 79 86 (1940). 121. *Anon. Safe Mpraywg practice. Org. Finishing 6, # 1 , 25-32; # 2 24-28, 47; # 3 , 23-7 (Jan-M arch. 1945). 122. Barnes, E. C., et al. Determination of formaldehyde in air. J. Ind Hyg. Tox. 24, 10-17 (1942). 123 Blank. 1, et at. Studies of organic fluorine compounds. IV. Synthesis of esters o f finorooxoloaritic and of /htorofyruvic acid. J. Chem. Soe. 1955, 2190. chbroethylene and tctrachloroethytem and Fujiwara's pyridine-alkali reactioRp. for trichloroacetic acid. Acta Pharnv Tox. 9, 303 (1953). 136. Gadbcrry, H. M. When you use or gornc solvents. Nat. Safely News 1951, 24-5, 68-9 (December). 137. Hendry, J. A., et al. Cytotoxic agents Aiethylotommdes with tumor hshibi tary activity and related inactive com pounds. Brit J. Pharmacology <5, 201(1951). 138. Kosnk, A. 1. Chemistry of cigarttti nuukr and its relation to lung canco 124. Bourne. dicldor B Industrial hazard of e. Med. lavoro 43, 2S9-60 Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sci. Ser. Ify 58S (May. 1952). (1952). 139. McBiruey, R. S. Trichloroethylene at dichlorocthylene poisoning. Arc1 llyg Occup. Med. W, 130-3 McCarroll, C. I'. Hazard of mercury vapor in analytical |rlrolcuin labora tories. Jlnr, Mines Kept. Invest. 3475 (1939). Mallctte, F. S. Industrial hygiene in synthetic rubber manufacture. Ind. Med. 12, 495-9 (1943). Monsanto, Org. Div. Toxicology and dermatology of pentachtorophenol and sodium pcntachlorphenate, 1942. Morgis, G. G., et al. Review of litera ture on health hazards of beryllium and its compounds. Bur. Mines Rept. Invest. 7574. (1950). Pozzani, D. C., et al. Subacute vapor toxicity and range-finding data for* ethyl acrylate. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 31, 311-26 (1949). Public Health Service. 1. Method for quantitating neuromuscular irritability. The effect of certain drugs on the neuromuscular apparatus. 2. Pharma* cologic anion of some ulchotic phos phoric esters. Nat. Health Serv. Butt. 165 (1936). ' Public Health Service. Study of chronic Nirrutrio/um in the hatters* fur-cutting industry. Pub. Health Serv. Du- 234 (1937). . j Rowe, V. K., et al. Determination of monomeric styrene in air. J. Ipd.l Hyg. Tox. 25, 348-53 (1943). \ ' Rowe, V. K., ct al. Results of toxi cological studies on some commercial silicones. Dow Clictn. Co., 1948. Sayers, R. It., ct al. Hazard of'hydrogen fluoride poisoning in (fie material and allied industries. Bur. Mines Rept. Invest. 7311 (1945). Schrciik, II. H. Toxicity of oxides of nitrogen and hydrogen peroxide. Ind. Eng. Chem. 47, sup. 93A (Feb., I95S). Smyth, II. F., et al. Some pharma cological properties of polyethylene glycols of high molecular weight (carbowax compounds) I. Ind. H yg Tox 24, 281-4 (1942). ooiKtrr, ( / iiiiik o i hidH<ttics I Spencer, 11. C , ct al. Response of laltoralory animais to monomeric sty rene. ]. Ind. Hyg. Toit! 24, 295-301 (1942). 153. Von Ocltingcr, W. I*'., rl al. 2-rhlorobutadiene (cltloroprcnc) : its toxicity amt pathology ami the mechanism of its action. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. IS, 240-70 (1936). Beilis, M. P. Hazardous chemicals. Alpha Chi Sigma 40, 3-16 (O ct, 1949). 155. B rit Dept. Sci. k Ind. Res. Methods for detection of toxic gases in Industry. 156. Foulger, j . H.t Toxic vapors and gases. J. Ind. HVg. Tox. IS, 604-8 (1936). | 57t Industrial*'Hygiene Foundation. T ran sactions cs Hie Chemical Toxicologirnl and Kngifeering Conference. 1952. 153 Labor Stfnd. Bur. Discussion of in dustrial accidents ami diseases. 1936 Convention of International Assoc. Industrial Accident Boards and Com. missions. 'ull. 10 (1&J7). 159. McLean, . D. Dust control iu indus try. Canada. NRC, TIS Kept. No. 8 (1950). I60 Monsanto, Org. Div., Res. Library. Toxicological Research. News k Notes, No. 36 (Dec., 1953). 151 Navy Dept. Industrial poisons and dan gerous substances. General Safely Rules, Sect. 4, 1931. (2 Public Health Serv. Occupational and related dermatoses, abstracts from the literature July 1943-Dec. 1953. PBS Bull. No. 12, 1954, hy D. J. Birming ham, et at. 163, Stewart, W. R. Gases in wartime plants. Safety Eng. 86, No. 4, 48, SO-2 (194. Jd4. Anon. Prevention of atmospheric amt water pollution in the chemical indus try. Chem. & Ind. 1955, 136J. 165. Hoalc, R. D. Theory and practice in stream pollution control. Sci. Monthly 75, No. 3. Sept., 1952. 166. Slatrmattd, C. F., et at. Role of (he cyclone in reducing atmospheric poilu tion. Chem. & Iml 1955. 1324.A . 1957 National Safety Congress oul that liquid oxygen is commonly re ferred to is LOX in the Missile ami Rocket Industry. The oxygen manufac turers were not aware of this practice but felt that it should be discouraged because for many years the term LOX has stood for liquid oxygen explosives in which liquid oxygen is only a part. Also, tanks, sold under such trade namea as LO X and L O X ETTE. may he used for the storage and handling of many liquefied gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, etc. At that meeting the group suggested that the secretary of the International Acety lene Assn, take steps to discourage this usage. The secretary of . the IAA wrote several letters to principals of the Rocket and Missile Industry. A safety engineer in the Air Force read the minutes of last year** meeting in the Chemical Section Safety Newsletter and contacted the IAA, Through his efforts, the Air Force has taken steps to discontinue the use of the term LO X. This October 1957 issue J W f f ets in an article entitled **Liquid Replaces L O X Abbreviation In U The Air Force is undertaking lion to prevent dangerous and pot disastrous results of the use of tka* LOX for liquid oxygen. The term-1 will be deleted from all USAF tac) orders and contracts including refication to the Department of that it also take steps to abolish of the term LO X . A member of the group ha<t received a full tank car of compressed in long tubes manif gctlier. In attem pting to open the outlet valve, tltey twisted the He wanted to know how to rel pressure. It was the group's re tiou that the gas supplier be coni any case where the valve is found! inoperative, whether it be on a t or individual cylinder ICRS OF THE UUUdbt ) CHEM ICAL SECTION M- NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Chairman--CARROLL A. H EBERT, Ethyl corp., Baton Rouge, La. tn Charge o f Program--R. L. ALLINSON, The Dow Chemical co., Texas /Freeport, Tex, A. B. RITTER, Hercules Powder co., Wilmington, Del. tier CommiiUt: E. G. MEITER, Chairman, Employers* Mutuals of Wausau, Mil* Wi.; A. H. CH R ISTIA N , American Viscose corp., Philadelphia, P a.; J. T. LOUNGER, Nitrogen Div,, Allied Chemical &j* Dye corp., Hopewell, Va.; FRED knw`1TZ, Hoffman-Laroclie, Inc., Nutley. N. J. ' * Com m iati: H. F* REINHARD, Chairmen, Union Carbide and Carbon corp., York, N. Y .; F. C CAUGUSH, Sherwin-Williams co.. Chicago, III.; D. F. LYES, U. S. Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, U, C.; PAUL C. LAMH, Brothers Company, New York, N. Y. / Pilotions Commiati: R. G, WHKELDON, Chairman. The Drarirrtt en., CiinmiObio; ALDO P. O STI, Chas. Pfizer & co., Ity.. Brouklyn. N. Y. heet and instruction Card Committee: H. M. FAWCETT, Chairman, General ic co., Schenectady, N. Y .; D. W. GIBSON, Columbia-Soulhem Chemical Cor- 'potation, Barberton, Ohio; J. N. KOMI NE, Phillips Research Center, Phillips Pctroifeanco., Bartlesville, Okla. fib Commiati: J. II. BLACK. Chairman, National Institute* of Health, Washington, C ; T. W. NALE, M.D., Union Carbide & Carl>on corp.. New York. N. Y I I . W. JR^ The Travelers Insurance co., Hartford, Conn.; J. A. HOUGHTON, ty Mutual Insurance co., Boston, Mass. rship Committee: J. J. PRABULOS, Chairman, National Distillers Products corp, York, N. Y. and Visual Aids Committee: G. R. CUMMINGS, Chairman, Eli Lilly A cn. fIndianapoiis, Ind.; A. L. KLING, American Cyauand co.. New York, N. Y.; E. BONER, The Chemstrand Corp., Pensacola, Fla. rr and Contest Committee: M. A. SNELL, Chairman, Hartford Accident ami /ladounity co., Hartford, Conn.; T. J. LANIGAN, General Electric co.. Syracuse, N. Y. J~tke~Job Committee: E. R. WALI-ACE, Chairman, Ei*lniati Kodak cn., Rochester, If. Y. ; G. G. FLEMING, Celanese Corporation of America, CharIwile, N. C. twg Committee fo r 1958-1959: J. J. WHALEN, Chairman, Solvay Process div., Chemical & Dye dorp., Solvay, N. Y.; S. F. SPENCE, American Cyanamid co., r York, N. Y. ; G. ty. GO It BELL, Monsanto Chemical co., St. Louis, Mo. ty Comsnittee: R. H. ALUISSKR, Merck ft co., Inc., Rahway, N. J.; ALLEN !.. Ill), Eastman Kodak c., Rochester, N. Y .; J. J. DUGGAN, Carbide & Carlton ( hem* itali co., South Charleston, W. Va.; (*. L. GOUIIELI., Munsaiiln ( hcmiral to., St. is, Mc.; S. M MacCUTCHEON, The Dow Chemical co. Midland, Mich.; E. I [MEYERS, E. I. DuPont de Nemours & co., nc, Wilmington, De!. S. F. SPENCE'. :rican Cyanamid co., New York, N. Y.; R. C. STRATTON, The Travelers liiMireo., Hartford, Conn.; JOHN J. WHALEN, Solvay Process div., Allied Chemical re Corp., Solvay, N. Y. Representative--EDW IN L, ALPA UGH, National Safety Council Chicago, lit. 59 ) Kens o f me ) h j 0 0 0 ;i(i7 COAL M IN IN G S ^ p N NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Chairman Emeritus--CHARLES FERGUSON, United Mine Workers of America, kbigton. D. C. ft iChairman--GEORGE SAM BROOK, U; S. Steel Corporation, Coal Div., Fills* Pa. i rjce-Chairman--L. H. JOHNSON, U. S. Unreal of Mints, PiU.<i)iiri;li( Fa. i yUe-Chaimum--JOSHUA SM ITH, Eastern G^is ami Fuel Associate, Ml. Hope. i *H. F. WEAVER, U- S. Bureau of Mines, Washington. I). (.. tpresenlaiive--CHARLES FERGUSON, United Mine Workers of America, Wasli- D, C.; M. F, BRENNAN, United Mine Workers of America, District No. 7, Pa.f JAMES LEEBER, JR., United Mine Workers of America, District , Bcckley, W. Va. "" t Cool Representatives--J. W. FERO, Pocahontas Fuel Companj*, Pocahontas, r*| C E. LINKOUS, Island Creek Coal Co.. Holden, W. Va.; M. Iv FRUNTY, Mines corp., Jenkins. K y.; WAYNE SNELL, U. S. Steel corporation. Coal r, Pittsburgh, Pa.; R. L. HAIR, Colorado Fuel and Iron, Ptichfo, Colo.; FRANK SEK, Freeman Coal corp., Benton. Iff.; GEORGE STACHURA, Old Ben Coal West Frankfort, lit.; E. E QUENN, Peabody Coal co.. St. Louis, Missouri. ft Representatives--GEORGE CLARK, Reading Anthracite co., Pottsville, Pa.; KACZINSKI, United Mine Workers of America, District No. 1, Wilkes* Pa.; W. W. EVERETT, Glen Aide corp., Wilkes-Barre, Pa. i>W Representative*--J, B. BENSON, Southern Coal Producers* AssorinWashinglon, D. G ; HARRY GANDY, JR., National Coal Association, Wad.* D. C.; FORD SAMPSON, Ohio Coal Association, Si. Clairsvillc, Ohio; l&GE TREVORROW, Bituminous Coal Operators* Association, Washington, GEORGE COLVILLE, JR., Jewel Mining Company, Paris, Ark. [Bnreon of Mines Representatives--M, J. ANKENY, U. S. Bureau of Mines, WashD. C ; JAMES W ESTFIELD, U. S Bureau of Mines. Washington, D. C. yjntputor/ Institute of America Representative--R. D. BRADFORD, U. S. Bureau Nines, McAIester, Ok la. Inspector/ Representatives--M. J. DUSZ, Ohio Division of Mines, Colimihus, CRAWFORD WILSON, West Virginia Department of Mines. Charleston, 41 OFFICERS OF THE CONSTRUCTION SECTIQfjL NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 - 1 '.-: General Chairman--WILLIAM G. HAWKINS, director of insurance & safety ' Bros, co.. Minneapolis, Minn. Vice-General Chairman--HENRY J. MASSMAN, III, vice-president, Mattmanl lion co., Kansas City, Mo. Vice-Chairmen--(Heavy Division)--W. M. GOLDSTON. president. The Corpus Cliristi, Tex.; (Highway Division)--SHELDON CARLSON, i Park Construction co., Minneapolis, Minn.; (Building Division) FRANK DELL, president, Frank R. Rundelt co., Austin, Tex.; (Homs Building Phan W. HOKTTOR. Kansas City, Mo.; (Special PiwrionJ--W. K. COX, salesj manager, Caterpillar Tractor co., Peoria, III. Secretary--ROBERT L. MOORE, director of technical & engineering div., I Mutual Casualty co., Chicago, 111. ` Assistant Secretary--E. N. ZINER, president, Ziner Construction co., Malden, , * n Nominating Committee Chairman--GEORGE P. O'ROURKE, SR^ president^ Construction co., Dallas, Tex. Newsletter Committee Chairman--SAM S. ELKINS, chief, safety branch, Corp of Engineers, U. S. Army, Dallas, Tex. Program & Publicity Committee: Chairman--HENRY T. PEREZ, editor. Methods & Equipment Magazine, New York, N. Y.; Vice-Chairmasr--Yt. , sales promotion manager, Caterpillar Tractor co., Peoria, 111. ``p y Membership Committee Chairman--HENRY J. MASSMAN, Ilf, vice-presdtyjj Construction co., Kansas City, Mo. Srnnre (Research & Screening) Committee: Cltairman--R. J. HENDERSH ager, A. G. G of Minnesota, Mmeapolis, Minn.; Pice-Chairman--FRANK DRO, safety director, B.IPerini A Sons, Inc., Framingham, Mass. Engineering Committee: Chairmon--JOHN L. JUNKERT. safety consultant,*f t McLmnan, Inc., Minneapolis, Minn.; Vice-Chairman--RUDOLPH J. B vtaor, construction engineer. Travelers Insurance co.v Hartford, Conn. Visual Aids Committee: C/toirm<m--DONALD F. MANGUSON, assistant A. G. G of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn.; Vice-Chairman--LLOYD E, triet engineer, Texas Employers Insurance Assn., Dallas, Tex. Health Committee Chairman--N. GILLMORE LONG, M.D., chief surgeon, ... Mutual Casualty co.. Chicago, 111. ;'h Public Relations Committee: Chairtttan--ROBERT L, JENKINS, chief, sail Office of the Chief of Engineers, Dept, of the Army, Washington, D. G ; Via H. W. HEINTZ, safely director, John A. Volpe Construction co., Inc, 111 Division Secretaries: Heavy--WILLIAM BERRY; Highway--E N: PI___ r Building--MISS FANNIE DAVIS, executive secretary, Austin O u p lc r ,'M Austin, Tex.; Home Building--CLARENCE F. STURGEON, insurance* The Home Builders Assn, ol Chicago, Chicago. III.; Specialty--WILLIAM MAN, Goodyear Tire & Rubber co., Chicago, 111. 5 tentative--CLEMENT J. LUEPKE, National Safety Council, Oncer 74 OF FHE ' PUBLIC EM PLOYEE SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 LARK J. FISCHER, safety engineer. City ol Milwaukee safely Milwaukee; Wis. --D A N IE L F. MILCHMAN. coordinator. New York city safely d tp L of personnel. New York, N. Y. I airman--M. VAN M ECHELEN, safeti engineer. Washington State dept. Ijrs, Olympia Wah. h f "hoirmon--ALEX G. THOMPSON* safety engineer. City of Ix>j Angeles* Calif. ^ rAoinmm--JACKSON G. FLOWERS, D*de County safety director, Miami, IRS. LO UISE RATNER* safety & claims examiner* Oliio dept. of highways. Accident Control & Claims* Columbus, Ohio. ^Committee: Chairman--RALPH L. ALTHOUSE, personal injuries supervisor* Illinois d*v. ofhighways* Springfield* III.; Vier-Chairnum--JO SEPH F. 13* supervisor of safety. City of Ualtimore* Oaltintore. Md. * Committee Chairman--H. P. GOODIN, safety director. City of Minneapolis, Minn. Committer Chairman--BAYNARD A. SWITZER* chief safety engineer* div. of highways, Sacramento* Calif. tin Chairman--DR. B. L. CORBETT, M.D.* managing director. City of safety commission* Milwaukee* Wis. 'm n illri Chairman--W ARREN D. WILT* safety engineer* City of Detroit, Mkh. Committee Chairman & Editor--GEORGE F. KUHNS* safety supervisor, d t. of highways* Springfield* lit. Committee Chairman--D A N. I*E-L. L*; MILCHMAN. Committee Chairman--TARVIA H . D. JONES, engineer-director of safety, iCarolina State highway commission, Graham, N. C. tentative--CLEM ENT J. LUEPKE, N gCffljif* 0 0 0 3 6 8 'Je I OFFICERS OF THE PUBLIC UTILITIES SECTION . ,, NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 19S7-SS I Centrai Chairman--J. E. APPEL, safely engineer. Commonwealth Edison co., Chicago I Vice-Chairman--E. M. CHASE, safety director. Central Vermont Public Service Rutland, Vt. Second Vice-Chairman--R. S. LOWE, plant training & safety supervisor. No Bell Telephone co., Omaha, Neb. Secretary--R. E. McELDOWNEY. JR., safely director. United Fuel Gas co., Chari W. Va. Program Committee Chairman--L. CLANCY NANRY, director of safety, The Detroit Edison co., Mich. Vice-Chairman--Electric--M. M. MEH RING, safety supervisor. Consumers Public 1 District, Columbus, Neb. Vice-Chairman--Coi--F. P. MUELLER, assistant director of safety. The Peoples 1 Light and Coke co., Chicago, 111. Vice-Chairman--Water--W. R. LaDUE, superintendent & chief engineer city of Akrt Bureau of Water, Akron, Ohio. Vice-Chairman--Communications--SAMUEL McKAY, JU., area safely supervisor, Bell Telephone co. of Penna., Philadelphia, Pa. Engineering Committee Chatrmon--V. L. WOMELDORFF, safety director, Illinois Power co., Decatur, Id, | Vice-Chairman--Electric--W. F. BACHMAN, safely director, Omaha Public Po District, Omaha, Neb.; ROY BEITH, manager & secretary-treasurer, Electrical f ployers assn., Toronto, Canada; f. L. RIPLEY, director of safety. Central Power co., Augusta, Maine; t). B. MOORE, safety director, Duke Power co., 1 lotte, N. C Vice-Chaiim m Gat--W. J. EASTON, director of accident prevention, The Gncui Gas A Electric co., Clncnmutl, Ohio; K. G. CLAAtt, safety director, The Ohio f Gas co., Columbus, Ohio; E. l>. JONES, safety director. City Utilities of Springfi Missouri, Springfield, Mo.; W. D. COLLINS, safety director, Rockland Light & Poi co, Boston. Mass. Vice-Chairman--Water--T. F. ALLEN, safety engineer. Department of Water & ! Commissioner's Office, Ciiy of Chicago, Chicago, III.; V. A. APPLEYARD, diteli water operations. City of Philadelphia, Water Department, Philadelphia, Pa.; 0CJ* BROCKWAY, safely inspector, Board of Water Commissioners, Denver, Coles'? Vice-Chairman--Communications--N. W. TEMPLE, plant safety supervisor. Pacific j phon* tr ~ degraph co., Seattle, Wash.; JOHN BIRD, administrative supervisor, 1 Wei on Telegraph co.. New York, N. Y. Jflet-CiutUuitm SfriM l JVo/Vr/j .K M. I*'AU .S, u*mMiihI In m:u:ip.rr uf titthmltiid rela i lions, Northern Indiana Public Service rn., llamitMMtd, Imi.; U lA M I.IiS SCI IWEM !K i ART, safety director, Hoosier Engineering co., Columbus, Ohio. Education and Training Commit!ft Chairman--EUKOU, DUNBAR, wifely engineer, Toloucic Eire!rie Tower co.. Washttkglon, D. C. tee-CMairman--Potters--F. D. NOROEIUi, safely director. Utah Tower A Light co., Salt Lake City, U tah; M. J. BENDER VIC, manager of safety claims. Tubtic Service co. of Colorado^ Denver, Cola.; J. B. SCHEERER, supervisor, inspections, safety dc'jpartment, Philadelpliia Electric co., Tliiladclphia, Ta. it+Choirmon--Visual Aids--H. C, TOTTHAST, supervising instructor, Wisconsin jRaral Electric, job training & safety, Menomonic, Wist; C. H. GUM, safety supervisor, lOty of Jacksonville Utilities, Jacksonville, Fla.; Kf G, CREGAR, safety director, Kllfetropolttan Edison co., Reading, Pa. j iff-Chotrman--Training Plans--A. II. LARSEN, supervisor, constmetuni training, Com* Imonwealth Edison co., Qiicago, III.; W. L. CLIFTON, technical assistant, accident prevention div* The Hydro-Electric Tower Comm, of ^Ontario, Toronto, Canada; J. G. DALTON, general safety engineer. Southern Dell Telephone A Telegraph co., Atlanta, ;Ga.; HERBERT HOLMES, safety directnr, Michigan Wisconsin Tipo Litre to., Detroit, Mich.; R. N. TAPICIt, safely cmtsnllanl, meriran Gas Asmi., New York, N. Y.; C. E. HAMMON, safety director, Columbus A Southern Ohio Electric co., 1Columbus, Ohio. Committee f ChiriaM--T. F. WICK FORD, safety supervising Commonwealth Edison co., Qiicago. III. rlrrCkiinmiN--Public Relations--R. R. CONN, supervisor of training A safely. Tower yStation Department, Dtitjiientic Light cn., I'illslinrgh, Ta. >* ke-Chairman--Newsletter--TAUL W INDSOR, safely director, Bureau of Safety, Inc., iChicago, 111.; R, M. CLARK, safety director, Atlantic City Electric co.. Atlantic City, JN. J.; J. G. LAMBERT, safety supervisor, Norl'ioru Illinois Gas co., Wheaton, III.; TA. B. SHEHEE, safety engineer, R. E A* Electric Engineering div., U. S. Department Agriculture, Washington, D C. X lies Sr Contests Committee A. FISCH BACK, safety supervisor, Southern California Edison co., Los Angeles, Calif, [ko'Chaimum--D. E. HUSK, safety director*.^few Je] N. J .; J. W. GRONHECK, safely manager, New I kw et A Light co., Dover, ^ E le c tric System, Boston, 0 0 0 3 7 0 lembershif Committee -S. T. ROBESON, safety supervisor, Car te le p h o n e A Telegraph co. f pj^Tarboro, N. C. trrp*-CAuiVtnafi--H, W. MASTERS, salety director, Asfifffcdl- Tree Expert co. A Utilities . u lin t Const, co., Inc, Jenkintown, Pa.; J. E. HICKMAN, safety engineer, Los Angeles Department of Water A Tower, Los Angeles, Calif.; J. R. HEIM , safety director, Ifonongahela Power co., Fairmont, W. Va.; E. B. BELL, assistant safety director, The I s o Power co., Canton, Ohio. 45 ) OFFICERS OF THE FARM SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Fite prttidnti for Farms--KIRK FOX. editor, Successful Farming, Dei Moina. loot Chairman--A. J. SCHWANTES. agricultural engineering dept., University of Minnesota St. Paul. Minn. Vitt-Ckmrman--EDWARD HOLTER, lecturer. National Grange, Washington, D. C ' *) RICHIE, vice president & director of iwrchascs. The Oliver corp., Chicago, III.; IRA 5` ROGERS, Automotive Safety Foundation, Washington, D. C.; MARTIN RONNING, Minneapolis-Moline co., Minneapolis, Minn.; LOUISE ROSENFELD, assistant director home economics. Cooperative Extension Work, Ames. Iowa ; C. G. SCRUGGS, Progreslive Farmer, Dallas, Tex.; CHARLES SHUMAN. American Farm Bureau Federation, . Chicago, 111.; DR. W. T. SPANTON, Federal Security Administration, U. S. Office I of Education, Washington, D. C ; ARTHUR STAPEL, Fox Valley Cooperative, Inc. * Appleton, Wis. ; OTTO STEFFEY, president, Illinois Agricultural assn., Chicago, 111.; RANDALL C. SWANSON, farm safety specialist. College of Agriculture, Madison, Wis.; E. W. TANQUARY, International Harvester co., Chicago, III.; F. R. WILLSEY, farm safely specialist, DepL of Agricultural Eng. Ext., Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind.; W. U. WOOD, director. Extension Service, College of Agriculture, Ohio Stale University, Columbus, Ohio; CARLTON ZINK, products research dept., Deere & co., Moline, III. 5tertiary--MAYNARD H. COE, director, Farm division. National Safety Council, Chicago, III. Umbers: EDWARD S. ADAMS, director ol salety, Iowa Farm Bureau Federation, Drs Moina, Iowa; MRS. VERNE ALDEN, National Home, Wellsville. Kan.; MRS. ALMER ARMSTRONG, Indiana Farm Bureau Cooperative asm., Indianapolis, Indi; CLYDE N. BERRY, associate director. Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Stale \ University of Iowa, Iowa City. Iowa; THEO BROWN, Moline, 111.; HARRY BRYSON, American Farm Bureau Federation, Chicago, III. ; GRAHAM T. COULTER, Kraft Foods co., Chicago, III.; JOHN F. DANEKE, General Motors corp., Detroit, Mich.; MISS GERTRUDE DIEKEN, The Farm Journal, Philadelphia, Pa.; DON ALD H. DUNHAM, manager. Retirement Saf. & Ins. dept., Nat'l. Rural Electric I Coop. Assn., Washington, D. C. ; JOHN M. EKLUND, director of education. Na I tional Fanners Union, Denver, Colo.; T. A. ERICKSON. St. Paul, Minn.; C. M. FERGUSON, administrator, Extension Serv ice, U. S. Dept, of Agriculture. Washington, D. C ; MRS. HOMER GREENE, health & safety chairman. National Home Demonstration Council, Tulwiler, Miss.; MISS EUNICE HEYWOOD, assistant director, div. home economic programs. Federal Exten sion Service, U. S. Dept, ol Agriculture, Washington, D. C.; C. N. HINKLE, Standard Oil co. (Indiana), Chicago, III.; ROBERT IlOWEY, National Vo.-Ag. Teachers ana. Sycamore. III.; MISS AMY KELLY, College of Agriculture, University of Missouri, Columbia. Mo.; MRS. DORSEY KIRK, Illinois State Grange, Oblong, III.; KEITH KIRKPATRICK. Radio Station WHO, Des Moines, Iowa; EDWARD R. KLAMM, Allstate Insurance co., Skokie, III.; C. C. LANG, Extension Service, U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.: S. E LARSEN, Michigan Farm Equipment assn.. Grand Rapids, Mich.; E. W. LEHMANN, prof. Emeritus, Urbana, III.; S. P. LYLE, Extension Service, U. S. Dept, of Agricul tore. Washington, D. C. EARL MERRILL. Republic Steel corp., Cleveland, Ohio DONALD L. MILLER, National Agricultural Clicms. assn. Washington, D. C PAUL MULLIKEN, National Retail Farm Equipment assn., St. Louis, Mo; IIERSCHEL NEWSOM, The National Grange. Washington, D. C.; G. L. NOBLE, National Comm, on Uoys & Girls Cluh Work, Chicago, III.; V. S. PETERSON, E. L Du Pont De Nemours, Ames, Iowa; HARRY PONTIOUS, Nationwide Insurance co, j! Columbus, Ohio; HARRY I OLDS,1 I* VELL. Goodyear Tire & Rubber co., Milwaukee. Wis.; FRANK REYN- \ ;er. Agricultural Extension, U. S. Steel corp., Pittsburgh, Pa.; L. P. FFICERS O F THE FERTILIZER SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 'titrt Chairman--GEORGE F. DIETZ, safety director, Fertiliser Manufacturing Co operative, Inc.. Baltimore, Md. itt'Chairman--GEORGE L. FELTON, personnel manager. The Smith Agricultural Chemical Co., Columbus, Ohio. reretary--ELMER PEU (UNE, technical representative. Nitrogen Piv., Allied Cliemical ft Dye Corp.. New York, N. Y. . ngmeering Committee Chairman--A. II. PET T IT , director. Industrial Health ft Safely, W. R. Grace ft Co., New York. N. Y. ngintermg Sub-Committees-- 5toliifwol and Contest Chairman--F. WAYNE H IG H , manager of Operations, The Baugh Chemical Co., Baltimore, Md, Data Sheet Chairman--JOHN S. MARK, production manager, Farm Bureau Co-op Association, Columbus, Ohio. 'Mae Retations Chairman--J. LAUREN SH O FEN , safety director. Consumer Co-op Asocialion. Kansas City, Mo. Membership and By-Laws Chairman--C. S. G R IFFIT H , superintendent, Virginia Carotins Chemical Corp., Cincinnati, Ohio. rim ol Aid Committee Chairman--O. E. FERRY, superintendent, C. O. Smith Guano Co. Moultrie, Ga. * Insurance and Legislative Committee Chairman--E. O. BURROUGHS, JR., manager. Insurance Dept., F. S. Royster Guano Co., Norfolk, Va. Research Committee Chairman--JOHN 1C. SM ITH, safety director, Sjienccr Chemical Co, Pittsburg, Kan. Nonitnoimp Committee Chairman--E. O. BURROUGHS, JR., manager, insurance DcpL F. S. Royster Guano Co., Norfolk, Va. Snfervisory North C q Committee Chainnan--W. C. CREEL, safety director. State tf /ept. of Labor, Raleigh, N. C. *" Mtmbfrs-ah Large S. COTTRELL, director of Operations, 01iH-M:illiicsoii Chemical Corp., Little Rwk, Ark. KARL DAY, president, Ark-Mo riant l?ood i 'o., Inr,, Corning, Ark. MIKE C. hXLISON, safety director, Mississippi Chemical Co., Yazoo City, Miss. HOI) MARTINET, vice president, K. Ranh A Sons, Indianapolis, Ind. GRAYSON II. MORRIS, nssistiinl pi tHlnt'limt manager, Southern Stales Cooperative, Richmond, Va. CORDON W. PITTOCK, works manager, William Stone Sims, Ltd., Ingersoll, Out.. Canada. *HARWOOD T. KICK, safety director. Southwest Potash C*>rp., Carlslad, N. M. YEN SHEN, Taiwan Fertilizer Co., Ltd.. Taipei. Teivan, China. W. A. STONE, plant manager, Wilson & Toomer Fertilizer Co., Jacksimvilte. Fla. J. R. TERRY, personnel safety engineer, Davison jUtemical Corp., Div. of W. R. Grace b Co., Barlow, Fla. A. A. WAUGH, safely engineer, International Minerals b Chemical Corp., Harlow, Fla. M. F. W IlA RTO N , treasurer, Arizona Fertilizer IiitJ Phoenix, Aril. ROY W H ITE, Lion Oil Co., HI Dorado, Ark. C K. BRUTCHER, superintendent, Davison Clicmiral IjCn., Div. of W. R. ( '.race A Co. New Alhany, Iml l STRATTON McCARGO, personnel suiicrvisnr, (i.L.li Soil Btiihling Service, Terrace Hill, Ithaca. N. Y. R, A. FISCHER, general manager, Milford Fertilizer Co., Milford, Del. V. A. FRIZZELL, vice president, The Triangle Co, rations, Calif. ROGER HUGG, personnel supervisor, International Minerals A Clicmiral C'orp,, Chi cago, III. N. NICHOLS, Nichols Fertiliser b Chemical Co., Oklahoma City, Okla. B. A. SCHLAGENHAUFF, supervisor. Fire Protect ion b Safely, Brea Chemicals Inc., Brea, Calif. 1 QUENTIN S, LEE, The Cotton Producers Assn., Atlanta, Ga. EDWARD J. L AUG ENT, M.D., assistant professor, Ohio State University, Cuhmdin*. Ohio. A. I. RANEY, safety director, Phillips Chemical Co., Bartlesville, Okla. GAITHER T. NEW MAN, manager. Insurance Dept., Smith-Douglass Co., Inc., Nor folk, Va. ffaierory Members SIDNEY H. IJIERLY, general manager, California Fertilizer Assn., San Marino, Calif. PAUL T. TR U ITT , executive vice president. National Plant Food Institute, Washing ton, D. C HENNING W A LTERSDO RPH . Magnolia Fertilizer Co. Seattle. Wash. Staff Representative t J. C. KATO, National Safely Council, Chicago. III. v- 00037: 2.1 D a ir y Produitj Division: Chairman, VICTOR G. HENDRIES, manager, safety b n d o Lakes Creameries, Inc., Minneapolis, Minn.; Vice-Chairman, PERRY ELLSWORTH, assistant to executive director, Milk Industry Foundation; Wt I) C.; Secretory, ARTHUR S. FOUST, executive secretary--safety. The Borden Houston, Tex. j Distillers Division: Chairman, EDWARD BENNETT, Sclienley Distillers, tnc^ Ft fort, Ky.; Vice-Chairman, JO SEPH J. PRABULOS. safety director. National tillers Product* corp.. New York, N. Y.; Secretary, G. WADE AMOS, suj Safety Engineering Dept., Aetna Casualty & Surety co., Louisville, Ky. f ood Processors Division: Chairman, VICTOR R, JOHNSON, safety supervisor. Products co.t Fremont, Mieli.; Vice-Chainttan, RICHARD CARTW RIGHT, director, Hax Ion Foods, Inc., Oakfield. N. Y. ; Secretary, ROY E. CAMPBELL, engineer, Campbell Soup co., Cliicago, III. Crain Handling & Processing Division : Chairman, JOHN M. JENSEN, director of sal Corn Products Refining co., Cliicago. 111.; Vicc-Chainmm, J. R. McCANN, fire lion manager, Ralston Purina co., St. Louis, Mo.; Secretary, GEORGE L. KtTCHl director of safety, F. H. Pcavey eo., Minneapolis, Minn. ^ Industrial /igrieutturc Division: Chairman, ROBERT P. ALDEN, safety A wage a< isiralor, Castle & Cooke, Ltd., Honolulu, Hawaii. tixeentive shtvisorv Coturni!tre: N. E, TH I El., director of safety. Scaliest Soul Dairies Div., Charlotte. N. C. : NIXON de TARNOWSKY, safety engineer, F. fit M. Scbaefer Brewing co,, Brooklyn. N. Y.; ROBERT C LKITNER, supei of indusirial relations, Libby, McNeill and Libby, Union Stock Yards, Chicago, II; CLIFFORD P. McBRIDE, personnel manager, Pahst Brewing co., Milwaukee, WdL;i*| CORDON E. MORRISON, Employee Relatiwns It Safety, Kellogg co.. Battle Cfk; Mich.; BURTON H. MAY, director of safety & health, Mars, Inc., Chicago, IL;j E G. HUTZLEY, senior safely engineer, Campbell Soup co., Camden, N. J.; GEORGE*1 H. STEEL, safety director, Ralston Purina co., St. Louts, Mo.; DEAN M. CLA1 Grain and Elevator Processing Superintendent, Chicago, III. Staff Refresenfufive--RAYMOND C. ELLIS, JR., National Safely Council, Chicago^ I . .* 0 0 0 3 7 - 1 I MEAT PACKIN G, TANNING AND LEATHER PRODUCTS SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 f ChairHUi*--CHARLES H. KLSBY, Branch Arditimi Vcvnln Mcr, Eni|4oycfv Halt of Wmswi, Milwaukee, Wie. I Vies Chairman--R. W. UNWIN, SR., Rcliahlr Parking O i., Chicago, HI. h'f# CAtfirmrt--DONALI) S. MacKKNXIK, A im rion Meal liMittitr, ( Itmg.. rlfrr editor--HOWARD RKIItlOl.T/, *afriy director. The Raili Packing (V. Waterloo, hma Ht Newsletter fiditor--CARL CONKLIN, XMdtrhall I.railter (V ; Whitehall. Midi, A. J, DITTM lili, oflicc manager, linlmatm \ 1 **m|*any. I Imat:*. III. Okr/Jii) Committee--HOWARD REIll 101,7. <Chairman). *afrly (tinrlm, 1*1* R;uli Packing Co.. Waterloo, Iowa; CLARE 1IROMAN, Eaple-Otiawa Leather I *. *Haven. Midi. " Yrwijf Committee--R. W. UNWIN, SR. (Chairman). Reliable * Chicago, III.; ALEX SIMNK. safely director, Kiueatt DivKimi, Degrade. I;*l els Corp7 Indianapolis, Iml.; MARTIN CERNKTISCH, safety dim!**r, John Morrell IC o^ Oltwnwa, Iowa; RALPH K, POMROY, A. C. Lawrence Leather Co., Peahotly. 111.; PAUL A. PETERSEN, safely engineer, Zurich Insttrattrr Co., Chicago, III.; HIKE CHOMICKI, safely A fire chief. Hunter Packing Co., East St. Louis. III.; HUBERT L. CLOVER, safely director, international Shoe Co., Si. t*miK Mo. Aids Committee--DONALD S. MacKENZIF. fChairman), American Mrai lost.. Chicago, 111; N. R. SIIERMAN, Cudahy Bros. Co,, Cudahy. Wis.; E. W. SO IU M S. Cen. Supt. Office, Swift k Co.. U. S. Yards. Chicago, III.; C. C. CROKER, Wilson k Co., Chicago, III.; JOHN THURMAN, safety dircclor, Oscar Meyer ft Co., Mndio". Wis.; ELLIS KLINE, safety director, Stak A Wctxe?. Indianapolis, Iml. dd Cou$ttitter--DR. K. F. KAPOV, (Oiainnan), medical director. \im*tu V * Chicago, III.; DR. JOSEPH II. SCIIIEP, Chicago, III. fly Committee--(*RE(ORV PIEYRASZKK (Chairman), technical e<lri*r, Provisioner, Chicago, III.; LI*.11* KRONIN, Tanner'.* Council of America, New )*'' * N. Y. jfoni aid ,-ldmary CoiwmiWrr--HOWARD RI HII.OLZ (Chairman), v dir1**10 : the Rail Packing Co., WaterIm, Iowa; E. D. PEELER. JR.. Mgr. Employee *** . fees, General Shoe Corp.. Nashville, Trim.; ALE X SPfNK, director of health k ^ 5 ^ Kingan Division, Hygradc, yoods Ermine* Corp. , Indianapolis, Iml.; A, J. DIT'I'MrM*f* "office manager, fiiitmnnti AiO., Chicago, Ml : JOSEPH POCItOP. safety *"|irf Mi *Jolm Morrei A Co., Sioux Falls, S. D. ; R. A. HARSCIINEK, safely director, Jv'`i|ft A Co., U. S. Yards, Chicago. III.; MARTIN ( ERNKTISCM, safety dircclor. Morrell A Co., Ottumwa, Iowa. ~ f R e fr e se n to tiv e ---J. C. KATO. National Safety Council, Chicago II, III. OFFICERS OF THE TRADES AND SERVICES SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 ArildMrtmf D i v i s i o n : Chairman--AL SOMMER. owner-manage*, `H it SuiAmer Kcstaui ant. Llm-ago, M. 'Vkt-Chosrtnatt--JO H N HARDING, II, vice-president, Harding Restaurant;;, Chicago, lit hilcrrfory--HARVEY KL1NGEM AN, owner-manager. Indian Trail Tea Room, Wiroiclka. lit Bstculive Advisory Committee: General Chairman--ROGER J. HEAR, safety director. The Kroger co., Cincinnati, O hitfloC W iium --HARVEY S. SIEGEL, safety supervisor, R. H. Macy co., Inc., New York. ... , r, . r-tiA D i arc i* L-wri tru . .......... ... / in i Eire CfanrmflM-CHARLES I HNGLER. avsistaiil manager, L o u I revention Montgomery Ward or co., Chicago, III. N. Y.; K E N N E T H A. LANE director, Employer-Employee Relations dept, American Hotel Assn., New York. N. Y .; J. N E IL MOORE, secretary. Greater Chicago Hotel . I B R rr Atsm Chicago, HI.; -H--O--W----ARD C. SEEHAUSF.N, executive director, Dowling Pro- Secretary--MAURICE J. MARTEL, director of safety and fire prevention. The S henm gK R . prietors Assn, of America, lInec.t, Chicago, 111. Hotel. Chicago, III. i K l i|Sla Representative-- RAYMOND C. ELLIS, JR.. National Safely Council, Chicago, III. Membership Chairman--ROIIERT I t NORMAN, safety manager, ACF-Wrigley Store*, Inc., Detroit, Mich. Program Chairman--EDWARD KKYSZAK, stall assistant. Loss Prevention dept., Mont gomery Ward & co., Chicago, III. Vg-the-foh Safely Chairman--WALTER A. DUDKK, safety and security director. Hie Conrad Hilton Hotel, Chicago, III. Trades and Services Newsletter--Restaurantst Hotels: Co-Editors--MARK DUNLOP, editorial director. National Restaurant Assn., Chicago, l i t ; JO H N J. RUEELEY, JR, director of research, National Res(aiir::nl Assn., Chicago, lit Banks, Buildings and Offices Division: Chairman--C. I*. SCHAR, superintendent of fire and safety. University of Illinois, Physi cal Plant dept., Chicago, III. Diet-Chairmen--JOHN E. JONES, supervisor of safety and training, Commonwealth Edison 6 co., Chicago, lit Toad Rtloilers Division: Chairman--M. G. JACKSON, safety director. I. Weingartcn, lire., Houston, Tex. Cue-Chairman--HARRY H. COCHRAN, JR., labor relations-safcty director, Safeway Stores, Inc., Los Angeles, Calif. .Vrrrrrtry--ARNOLD R. MELTZEH, safely supervisor. Slop & Shop, Inc., Motion, Mm Hotel Division: ^ CJu>inNi^-ROBERT C. NORDIIAUSEN, icr*t,miet director, Albert Pick Hotels, Os* r?. cago, III. yice-Chairman--HARRY GUSTA I-SON, rifely director. The Drake, Chicago, lit Secretary--ROIIERT C. PETR IE, divisional trainer, Hotel div., E. I. du Pout dc Nemooif A co., Inc., Wilmington, Del. J Mercantile and Wifrehotning Division: j, C7rdtVmar~J. DONALD PRINCE, insurance manager. The Hecht co., Baltimore, Md f 'ice-Chairtiwn--WALDO COMINS, safely and fire prevention supervisor, Marshall Fdl k co.. Chicago, III. t] Secret \LLEN D. WALTERS, secretary, American Warehousemen's Assn., O r in s. 000375 ^ jf.;.. * .! ' i ) J957 Notional Safety Congress rule u y l not to us* oir hosts to blow off our clothes, bo we put the words oir host on a card. We distributed these 16 cards to the con fer, and In discussion asked MWho has the card that fays "oir hosef" when some body raised his hand, we asked what the safety rule was about air hoses. Normally they came pretty close to the rule, and we discussed each rule and its importance. The conferees brought out many examples of accidents that happened because the rules were broken. LOCKING-OUT RULE Session three was devoted to one of the safety rules: "The zone engineer or engi neering supervisor is responsible for prop erly safeguarding against dangerous condi tions developing during the progress of a repair job.** The area of safeguarding ma chines from being started when being re paired is potentially very dangerous. In our company some machines are quite targe, extending three to five stories high. It would be easy for a worker to start such machine when someone was working on it. if proper precautions weren't taken. To drive home the necessity for "locking out" a machine every time it is worked on, we showed a film. "It's in the Cards," pro duced by the Abiliti Taper co. of Canada. In our conferences we asked the conferees to note the behavior of the people to see if they could pick any of the seven types we discussed in session one. We concluded the session agreeing that t is important to observe the behavior of our people to prevent accidents. PERSONAL TRAITS EMPHASIZED In our last session, we discussed how people are both different and alike. Some times we overlook that people are so dif ferent, one from the other. To demonstrate this the conferees participated in*a little experiment. We gave them a number and asked them to double the number and then re-double as far as they could go in 60 seconds. After the minute was up, we read correct answers and asked them to mark on their paper how many times they had doubled the number correctly. In every class there was a terrific e from a low of two or three times up or 21 times. It was pointed out that this large range of tUffo true in any group of p e b ^ v W llil^ trait or characteristic. We discussed the people who would i likely cause problems, and concluded ' most problems would come from thosej either extreme of the range. Then we t that although every one is different are distinct and similar types of personslhjj Five of the common types of pen that can cause difficulties a re : 1. The fellow who is sloppy 2. The tough guy 3. The show off 4. The loud mouth 5. Tlte practical joker The sloppy man is frequently lazy, things lying around. The tough guy safety is for sissies. He*t the fellow runs the machine with the guard off. much too tough to get hurt I The show is interested in calling attention to He will take chances to get people to him. The loud mouth attracts attention himself by telling others how to do their p He's the authority on everything. The one, the practical joker can give us a rough time. The problem is not how to recognize but how to handle them. The session cab with a summary of the four sessions a the four foundations for good relations. Aj house of safety would have to be built these four foundations: 1. To let each person know how hei getting along, supervisors must know I accident, hospital, attendance, production quality reports with an understaadq through observation of the behavior of |KO|>lc. 2. To give credit when due, supervise sltould have an attitude of fairness M sincerity. 3. To td l people in advance about thaf that will affect litem "safely wise" they know the safety rules. 4. To make the best use of each period ability they need skill in leadership remov bertng that everybody's different and nog oiling that people must be treated as hi dividual*. These are (lie foundations upon d i) any house of safety must be lw ilt.A 30 I GLASS AND CERAMICS1SECTION iil: nvl Chairman--RUSSELL FRANK, Ferro corp., Cleveland, Ohio. rri VUt'Chairmcn--CLYDE C. RUDDICK, Pittsburgh Plate Class co.. Pittsburgh, Pa. rice-Chainnan--JOHN V. SKKNDALL, Harbison-Walker Refractories co., rgh. Pa. -EDW IN L. WRAY--Hall Brothers co., Inc., Muncie, Iik). CVmmiffe* C/mirmn---THOM AS U. DONOGHUK, Pittsburgh Plate Class co., irgh, Pa. if Committee Chairman--A. H. BURKETT, Owens-Illinois Claw cu, Libby Hr., Toledo, Ohio. if & Health Committee Chairman--W. C. HAZARD, Owens-Illinois Class co., >, Ohio. t Editor--RUSSELL FRANK, Ferro corp., Cleveland, Ohio. romotions Comtniilee Chairman--JAMES L. MORRIS, The Federal (lass Co., bus, Ohio. mtest Committee Chairman--JOHN V. SKFNDALL, Harbison-Walkcr Rcfracco., Pittsburgh, Pa. ms Committee Chairman--WILLIAM KOPPUT, Owens-Coming Fiberglas co^ rk, Ohio. Fob Safety Committee Chairman--KARL STEIMKRAUS, Owens-Illinois Class lion. III. . r .. fresentative--J. E. CROUSHORE, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. n .1 15 00037(i ) 1[CERS OF THF RUBBER SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 jjW Chairman--C E. BECK, St. Clair Rubber co., Marysville, Midi. pCbiiriw m is Charge of Program--M. R. BATCHE, Firestone Tire St Rubber co., b o n , Ohio. -W. J. DOOLING, B. F. Goodrich Footwear and Flooring co.. A div. of The F. Goodrich co.( Watertown, Mass. tier Editor--A. R. POMEROY, The Ohio Ritblicr co.. Willoughby, Ohio. tiring CommitIce : Chairman, N. C. I.ON(ilU% U. S. Unldirr co., Passaic, N. J .; TURNER, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber co. of Canada, Ltd.. Toronto, Canada; B. MAINES, Republic Rubber div. of the Lee Rubber St Tire corp., Youngstown, Committee: Chairman, R. If. WILSON, M.U., The H F. Goodrich co., Akron, ; W. L. HOGUE, M.D., The Firestone Tire & Rubber co., Akron, Ohio; W. A. IlfcCAUSLAND, M.D., B. F. Goodrich Footwear and Flooring co., A div. of The "R. F. Goodrich co., Watertown, Mass.; F. W. SANDS, U. S. Rubber co.. New York. [M.Y. Membership Committee: Chairman, K. Il, DAVIS, Il F. Goodrich Chemien! co., Clevc|h n d . Ohio; *W. M. GRAFF, U. S. Kiiblicr en.. Nev# York, N. Y.; *). L. DEAN, The - Firestone Tire Sr Ktiliber co., Mciii|itiis, Teim. Cotmnillec; Chairman, D. M. CORNELL, The Firestone Tire St Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio; F. J. FRAME, The Goodyear Tire Sr Rubber co. of Michigan, Jackson, Midi.; G. A. MILLER. The Gates Rubber co., Denver, Ohio. Association and Liaison Committee Chairman--D. M. CARSON, U. S. Rubber co., 'Detroit, Mich. and Reguialions Committee Chairman--C. S. KRUGER, Carlisle Tire St Rubber tDivision of Carlisle corp., Carlisle. Pa. i I; Committee Chairman--RAY HART, The Daylcn Kubtwr co., Dayton, Ohio. rt Committee Chairman--J. C. Ml LARCH, Cord'iroy Uuhltcr co., Grami Rapids, Mkh. Goods Committer: Chairman, C. R. COVERT, The Goodyear Tire Sr Rubber to, Akron, Ohio; G. E. R O SE The Wooster Rubber to., Wooster, Ohio; T. F. DAVIS, ;B. F. Goodrich Sponge Products, div. of The II. F. Goodrich co., Shelton, Conn. Manufacturing Committee : Chairman, *R. M. IlO YLES, Midwest Kuhlxrr Rc[cbnitig co., East St. Louis, III.; *R. W .FICKES. T ie Goodyear Tire St Rubber to., ron. Ohio; *T. J. CAIN, JR., The B. F. Goodrich co, Akron. Ohio; P. E. DERY, inion Rubber ro.r Ltd., Montreal, Canada; C. G. TRAVERS, U. S. Rubber Re* Chiming co., fuc., lluifato, N. Y. Laboratories Committee: Chairman, R. A. MANNING, The Goodyear Tire & co., Akron, Ohio; F. B. WILLIAMS, Carlisle Tire St Rubber div. of Carlisle Kaorp, Carlisle, P a.; E. J. FRANCOIS, United Slates Rubber co., Research Center, JVayne. N. J. * V r S-s^rcy l j*w<* .-/v ^ fcj. Ti. 2 *- O e e r ii Tire irtf Rcfitt< Akrtn. Ohio; J. J. RAYTKEWICH. Lf. S. Rubber co., Joliet. I ll: .V R. HU1 Dunlop Tire & Rubber corp., Buffalo. X, Y. Off-The-Job 5a/#fy Committee: Chairman, E. R. GARDNER, Akron OnnifiiTH merce. Safety Council, Akron, Ohio; S. T. BURROWS, The Mansfield Tire A co.. Mansfield. Ohio; *S. A. W RIGHT, Inland Manufacturing div.. General corp., Dayton. Ohio. international Synthetic Rubber Safety Association: Chairman, G. T. SHUSTER, Tc U. S. Chemical co., P ort Neelies, Tex.; H. M. ARCHER, Petro-Tex Chemical Houston. Tex.; E. F. METZ, Coiwlymcr Rubber A Chemical corp., Baton Rouge, R. 1. KELLEY, American Synthetic Rubber corp., Louisville, Ky. ; J. A. BROI Petroleum Chemicals, Inc, Lake Charles, La.; F. G STARBIRD, The Firestone A Rubber co.. Synthetic Rubber dev., Akron, Ohio; N. P. BARKER, General Tati Rubber co., Odessa, Tex.; L. W. BOULTON, Polymer corp., Sarnia, Ontario, J. G UTLEY, Firestone Tire fit Rubber co.. Synthetic Rubber div.. Lake Charles, K. K. KETCH EL, United Rubber & Chemicals, Baytown, Tex. M Advisory Committee: %H. L. ANDREWS, The Firestone Tire A Rubber co., Pott Pa.; T. H. BOYD, Manhattan Rubber div. of Keybcslos, Manhattan, Inc., Pi N. J.; *R- A. BULLOCK, Corduroy Rubber co., Grand Rapids, Mich.; G. D. CR( The Firestone Tire A Rubber co., Akron, Ohio; *R, S. FARNUM, U. S. Rubber Detroit, Mich.; ROLAND KASTELL, U. S. Rubber co.. New York, N. Y.; j. KIDNEY, The Goodyear Tire A Rubber co., Akron, Ohio; J. E. LOVAS, UJ Rubber co., Passaic, N. J. Staff Representative--JO H N D. GALLAGHER, National Safety Council, Chicago Past General Chairman w u ) ! I 1 1 r i J ii* i i Y ) t< IH* I Ufhw1tRS OF THE HOME SAFETY CONFERENCE NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 ISC Put-PretUeml (or Home Salety--GEORGE M. WHEATLEY. M.U. tliinl vice president, Hcaltli and Weiaire. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, New York, N, Y. n--MRS. GEORGE WELLES, JR., Si. Louis County Safety Council, Duluth, J | Minnesota. efresentatives of Home Safety Conference on NSC Board of Directors--ALFRED W. 'CANTWELL. A. L. CHAPMAN, M.D.. MRS. GEORGE WELLES. JR. tElect--FRED LONG, M.D., Commissioner of Health, Peoria. Illinois ; Amerii Public Health Association. be Chairman, Health and Medical Section--} AMES L. GODDARD, M.D., Chief, At eiideai Prevention Program, U. S. Public Health Service, Washington, D. C. li* jftcr-CbaiVffidN, Home Building and Equipment Section--EUf IENE L. LEI IK, t Idei. I'm t^gram Services, Accident Prevention Prunraiii, I*. S. Public llralih Sr**u^r W aJim ttfn. } D. C * ^ue-Chairnum, Community Service (Civic) Croup* S a t ion--MIS MARY M. WEEKS, Program Specialist, Girl Scouts of the U .S. A., New York, N. Y. Fflsry--THOMAS FANSLER, Director, Home*Safety Division, National Safely [Cornei!, Chicago, Illinois. ,t j* Tj fc ;T 5 " jit 8C 0003711 5 & w r v : / ::: '.r- i:l 59 ) OFFICERS OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF SAFETY ENGINEERS NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 ) ) West Central Region--HOLLEY l \ IIKAULEY, supervisor of Knfriv, Service Pip' Line co., Tulsa, Okla. I Southwest Region--EDWIN II. LOCKE, manager engineering department, Texas I '" ployers Insurance Assn., Dallas, Tex. Western Region--S. KIRKLKN COLLINS, superintendent. accident l.u A; Prev. Dip* Fireman's Fund Group, San Francisco, Calif. (..j/..(-JiOrrHuKNi Ku JuUnLIi. u_f.y m anag. rC~onsolida.i!i uWi es.tern pS.teel, d .v , iV,. S. cS,ta.i corp., Los Angeles Calif. first Piet President--ROBERT CLAIM,* assistant vice president, Liberty Mutual In aore co., Boston, Mass. Seeond Pice President--DONALD 0. VAUGHAN,* manager, engineering At imp dept, Aetna Casually Ar Surely co., Hartford, Conn. Secretory find Managing director -J. It. JOHNSON, American Society of Safely i ueers, Chicago. 111. treasurer--GFORGE F. NUERNIJHKGKR, safety department, Kaiser Sleel Fontana, Calif. Members-at-Large Ti est . F\Vll.,,:N--.--C-YOX, 'IK., P ro fesso.r...o...f...S..afety and Industrial En?gi.n. e.errinngu, /SAcRhoDol of Industrial Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta. Ga. ; E D W A R D ! B. LANDRY, Benjamin Franklin Station, Washington, D. C. ; HENRY B. DUFFUS. V administrator, Aecitleitt Prevention, Westinghouse Electric corp., Pittslmrgh, Pa. [F IflOTdiug Committee Chairsnen Committee on Awards & Honors--PIERRE E. DKRY, Mt|iervisnr of safety, Domuno Rublter Co., Ltd., Montreal, Q u c Ik t . Canada Committee on Chafers--OTTO C. IIAIKK, rifely director, Standard til <. *f Olii*, Cleveland, Ohio j Committee on Cooperation milk Engineering Colleges- FRANK E. LAI 1ERER, avv" ciate director of safely. Nationwide Insurance, Columbus, Ohm Term Ending 1958--MICHAEL F. BIANCAKDI, manager, safely services dcparlmcgl Allis-C liabuers Manufacturing co., Milwaukee, Wis.; H. W. HEINRICH, chain*] Uniloran lloiler and Pressure Vessel Laws Society, Inc., New York, N. Y.; FRE II. KOI!ELY, manager, S aldy At Casualty, Columbia-Geneva Steel div., U. S. corp.. San Francisco, Calif. Committee on Cooteration with Engineering .SWtVfiV.--JOHN V. GRIMALDI, onsultani in safely services. General Electric ., New York, N. Y. Committer on finance--G E O R G E F. NUKKNHKUlll'.U, safety department, 1C;***** Sleel corp., Fontana, Calif. Term Ending 1959--FRED CLAIBORNE, safely assistant. Pan American Peln corp., Tulsa, Okla.; FRANK E. LADERER, associate director of safety, Ni wide Insurance. Columbus, Ohio; E. P. MARCONI, manager. Safely Branch j Inc., Tullaltoma, Trim. Term Ending i960--GEORGE M. KINTZ, chief accident prevention Ac health < l 1. S. Bureau of Mines, Region VI, Dallas. T ex.; CLYDE F. SCHLUIT accident prevention manager. Employers Mutuals of Wausau, Wis.; VIRGlLjl WOMELDORFF, safety director, Illinois Power co., Decatur, III. Regional Vice Presidents Eastern Region--ARTHUR II. CHRISTIAN, corporate safety engineer. An Viscose corp., Philadelphia, Pa. Northeast Region--WARREN f. PETERS, engineer. The Traveler* lit*, co., Ro N. Y. Committee on GeneraI Publications--FREI) II. KOIIELY. manager of safety and casually, Columbia-Geneva Steel div., U. S. Steel corp., San Francise, Calif. Committee on Membership--GEORGE L. GORBLLL, safely director, personnel rela tions department, Monsanto Chemical co., St. I<nufc, Mo. [Committer on Public Relations--ROLAND C. HAU^-R, safely sujerv*or, Kupper* co.. Pittsburgh, Pa. f [Committee on Research--MICHAEL F, MANCARCI, manager, safely services dept, Allis-Chalmers Matiaufaclitring co., Milwaukee, >^;is. [CnuMi'lIrr on Safety lottos and Rrgulatitms--THOMAS R. LI\\DHEATKR, safely director, T imIiI Shipyards corp., New York) N. Y. 'I |,CMNiilfrr on Safety Standards--CLYDE VL-$CHLUKTKR, accident prevention mana ger, Employers Mutuals of Wausau. Wausau, W r AoufAeruf Region--I*. W. LOGA N, division manager. Engineering department, 1 Mutual Insurance co. Atlanta, (.a. Central Region--JOHN E. JONES, safety supervisor. Commonwealth Chicago, III. Etfif Central Region--MY HOIS L. MILLER, su|>ervisor of safely, Weslingltous I corp.. East Pittsburgh, Pa. KOBF on j **I. CLAIR resigned due to illness. He was replaced by DONALD G. VAUGH 4, 1958. JOHN l\ JONES, safely su|ervtsor. Commonwealth Edison! * was made second vice president. i Committee on Technical Publications--HENRY G. LAMB llmmcvtllc. N. Y. [S/rciol Committee in Congress Programs-- DONAI.') G. VAUGHAN, manager, engi neering f i iiis|cctum dept., Artna Casually A Surety co.. Hartford, Conn. partial Committee on Action Program--J. STE NNETT, director, accident A fire prevention div.. National Association I Mil Spec*of Committee on Junior Achievement--I iiallyfinn^titicaag*n,. 111. , f; CerrHfV Special Committee an Membership Sen-icet-- F branch Aro, Tullalioina, Trim. TEH MARCONI, manager,*ff( *" 0003 : ' 1 Spreat C.ommittee on Motor Vttuele AMOS. E.. N. EY1IART'*f head. Institute of Public Safely, The Pennsylvania State Univ, Annex University Psrh, F. = w m Sferial Committee oh NSC-Scciety Relationship--DR, WILLIAM P, Y. of research & development. Mine Safety Appliances to., John T. J Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pa. Special Committee on Review of the Constitution and By-Laws--WILLIi JR., Professor of safety & Industrial Engineering, School of IndustrialJ Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Ga. Special Committee on Society Exhibit at Museum o f Science and h R. GRAHAM Safety Engineer Bituminous Casualty Co. Insurance Rm_ A-917 Chicago, Illinois //riorum--EDWARD B. LANDRY, Benjamin Franklin Station, Ws National Safety Cowuil Representative--DAVID L. ARM, manager, Ki National Safety Council, Chicago, III. ' t I ( t t V I I lit ./'i 4 m >,v it,] fi m ) < I i I- t Ib i 4 t ) IV5/ Notional S a ffty Cottgrrss SO UGH T FRINGE SENEFITS A flrr th is the n g m u in g and the In-Mr*m rn l of w o rk in g co n d itio n s Ik t.miic n focal jniioi fo r a ctiv ity . U p o n Iv in e |w rl tally o r Intally successful the demand; o f lalwir tu rn ed to th e ^O T atlo l friiiRC item*. lie rc o lly , th e fig h t to sla y a h e a d o f th e rising* cost-of-living has demanded the attention of the w orker and his trade onion. We have passed over rather hurriedly the general bargaining history of the laI*or movement since its rebirth in the early 30*s ami of course a mimber of items which have l>een important have not k e n tnenlioncd. During this lime most onions had little time or energy to devote to protecting the safety of the mcmlicrs. It) 11 fairness, however, there have !*een some outstanding jobs done by the unions in some industries and in some segments of industry. The best job by the unions has been lone, as far as safely was concerned, in those industries deplorable with safety records. This was accomplished principally because airly was foremost in the mind of the worker, lie saw his fellow worker injured anti killed and as far as he was concerned protection of life and limb look precedence over other demands. UNIONS WROTE SAFETY COOES A number of unions have devoted a great deal of time and effort in formulating and promoting safety codes to reduce fa talities and lost-lime injuries. Safety codes are extremely important and worthwhile, however, without proper policing the ex pedient employer and employee can enjoy a field day. Each effort, put forth hy (he union, regardless of site, is important in the over all effect of preventing injuries to the wageearner. Each International Union has an obliga tion to make known In its affiliated local union that the union has an obligation to represent its membership 11 the held of safety wlienever it can effectively do so. The InternaliouaT Union has a responsibility of encouraging lw ;t| unions to affiliate with the National Safety Council to promote a united front for labor in the field of safely, irrespective of International affiliation. Inlernalm**a| Unions should encourage local uni o participate in plant, eom- 10 iminiiy and talc sponsored safety programs. Tach Internal iotml Umntf 'jdtmild establish a deparIntent headed hy a competent director In assist in promoting safety within its local muons. Inle rualinnal Unions with training departments or educational depart ment* should add to their curriculum a course to prepare the plant union safely committeeman in do Ids jot*. USE RUSTICATION MEOIA Publications such as newspapers, journals, magazines and bulletins can most effectively lc used in promoting safely in the mind of the mcinlwrsliip Usually these organs find their way into the home of the member, where not only lie, but others can read them. The International Unions should enthuse their local unions with a desire to promote adequate industrial conqwnsation taws so licit the injured incmlter will receive ade quate care and compensation. Many employers had liltlc lime for acci dent prevention as long as the community and charilalde nrgam /alions took care of his injured ami maimed w orker ami the dependen*s of his fatalities. Wins* industrial mmfictisMli'rtt laws were cmacted ami llic employers had lo assume an atldilional cost IMinien, the employer usually became inter ested in his accident frequency. It is true there have been and there are employers who have liccu genuinely interested in the' safely and the welfare of their employees. However, it is regrettable that in the past1 there have not been more, because there would |>c fewer people working at a re duced income because of an injury and there would lie fewer widows working to support their families because of a fatality. EMPLOYERS* ATTITUDES CH ANGED Tienerally speaking (lie altitude of em ployers regarding safety has been changed. This change has come slowly in some in stances ami rather fast in others. Some employers have the altitude that safety is ihc problem of management and the carry ing out of safely programs is a sole func tion of management. O thers have taken a realistic approach and have felt that a program of accident prevention within a plant must have tire support of both tabor aud management and have created joint labor and management safety progr' I ) , 0 0 0 3 3 2 ! .alfor S a fe ty giving latHir llir opportunity I* avast tii % i*it*~f)4, ij . . production, . * *| hry im i^ .lc n r defermuting wlwt an effective progran should contain. Some of lltc top iim igcincnl |n>ptc in (lie Pulp ami P:*|tcr Industry if the West Coast have hi recent years state! that the most valuahlc asset this industry lias is the people who work in it. Another industrialist stated that safely was on the same level of l^y d d heir* intioiis T tr%vv I ;t Joint safety program ami -gw<a of the past 10 years have rciiK'l Ilie Ih>- |U<i*y heitre for mills In Washington. Oregon ami California, a total of 45 mills with approximately 20,000 workers, from an average in 1945 of 30.99 to 6.04 in 1956.Ah. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH CONTROL THROUGH ENGINEERING by FLOYD A . VAN ATTA industrial hygienist, U nited A uto Workers, Detroit, Mich. The engineering |ar| of the otanpalimtal health program is concerned willi llic con trol of those aspects of the work environ ment which may have an ailvrr* dM rt up (he health of the workers in the area. TIn most obvious comlitions are Ihose concerned willi the tem|>craturc. humidity, lighting ami ventilalion of the place of work. One lends to think of these items as con cerned willi com fori rather Iban willi health Iwt it should he guile obvious that if the temperature is excessively higlt, or exces sively low it can l*e rapidly fatal and this is indubitably an effect on Itealth, altlioiigli Mol a chronic one. Somewhere Itclwccn the normal room temperature ami humidity at which we are coinfor table ami efficient! and the tempera ture and humidity at winch we die father abruptly, there is a limiting value at wltleli men can work, probably not in comfort hut without permanent harm. It is part of the Imsincss of the industrial hygienist to deter mine this poinl ami to arrange the working conditions so that the limit is not exceeded. Sometimes the control of heal anti Imnmlily problems is through ventilation and it is always the lirst idea, when a man is working on a Imt j>b to turn a fan on him. It always helps some hut on most hot jobs it is only a part, and often only sni:itl part, i( the total emit rid which is itectint To control properly the man's thermal rn- viritiimeul it is necessary to consider ami often tu coni rol Imth the humidity and the ,'iti|H'r;tlniT of Ihr air which surrounds him at*I the sources *>f radiali* sviti* h ;*ir `.vithiu sight of fits working position. INDUSTRIAL POISONINGS 'Che major interest of the industrial Itygiynist in ventilation comes in the conimi of| industrial |Niisonings. 'There are a few c^scs in wfdeli industrial diseases arc con tracted as the result of swallowing some material or as the result of contact no some materials with the intact skin. Hut they most commonly arise from the inhala tifo of dusts, vapors, mists, gases or some offlicr form of material in the air. The rerson for this is clear after a atomenfs Itonight. (Sllcll materials ns the phenolic compounds (caritolte arid, cresols, resorcinols and so forth) and the aromatic amines (anitiur, lifttiidmcs and so on) arc easily and rapidlv allsorlted through the skin Imt lite undamaged slii is designe*! lo protect the body fruii iifark ami is a complete harrier against the vdsi majority of materials, Ih-cattse |tctplc lo imt make it a nitii to *-;it (tie things which they (tatuile hi mditsliv. industrial diseases caused by ittcrslbm :tnahti uiu'nmtiMtti. 'They can anti do tiii. inopie do cal c*rcasttnaffy will* their hamh eiiitaiuiiiatctl tvtill Itvie materials and cal ,ts mm I as s i riporr produce industrial ! i '7 (\iftuMn/ Saf et y l rj%*c I rrcall one plant wlirre Ilie cm* .cr *d :i Iicnl-lteslMR department had t itvcml that they could have rely i%inl uiHlwkliCK hy floating IItem on a re I sieel on the lea*I |ol. Tins is *mc the 1*ellcr method* lor developing chronic ol poisoning by ingcilion of lead Since lliis sort of thing is rather unusual, e major problems in the engineering con* .I *f occupational disease have to do will* eventing various kinds of dusts, va(ors( ice, or mists from getting into the air in place where men can breath them. There e a variety of methods available. SUBSTITUTE M ATERIALS It is sometimes possible to substitute a << ionic material for the one which is ring used and avoid Ihe problem. A rather minor example would 1>e the substitution f a water emulsion paint fur a lacquer i;ulc np with solvents. This solves the Mtblnn of control of solvent vapors with <i further effort, ft does not necessarily <>tve the whole control problem since the n|tinrul may also lc toxic. Occasionally, it may he |missMc I* avoid lie hazard by putting it somewhere where icople do not go in the normal roursc of .nrIf. It should on| le ovcrbmkcd that icoictnl operations almost always require <h(ervisHHi and maintenance ami the |>cnplc who do this work must tie protected. An totaled operation which is a serious source of air contamination is very apt to become a neighborhood nuisance. A outre generally applicable deviyC the e m t o M ir c o f the process. Tilts Is Twist readily seen in (he chemical industry where many processes arc carried out iu a com* plctcly closed system from the raw material tanks at one end of the packaged product at the other. W hen thoroughly carried out, enclosure of the process unquestionably pro* vides the most complete and most foobproof protection for Ilie workmen. The type of control which is most com mon is removal of the contaminant, either from the general atmosphere by ventilation or at the source by local exhaust ventilation or by .other means, such as wet operation, which will prevent contamination from hemg dispersed into the atmosphere. T he industrial hygienist will generally consider protective equipment to be pretty fa r <lown (lie line as a primary method for rout rolling a hazard. It is useful as a prim* ary means when the hazard is of short duration *or occurs infrequently. T he main use of personal protective equipment is as a second liur of defem e after the hazard is pretty well rout rolled hy engineering means. The main problem, in a great many in stances is to recognize the exact nature and ex lent of the hazard. When this has licet done, the appropriate means of emit rot are apt It Ik* fairly obvious. The fact that the particular condition has never been cmitrolled by a particular procedure which looks correct is not an adequate reason for deciding that it never can l e . A SAFETY-- A MORAL RESPONSIBILITY by DR. CAM ERON P. H A LL e x e c u tiv ed ire c to r,N a tio n a lC o u n c ilo fth eC h u rc h e so fC h rist5 n th eU ,5 .A ., N e w Y o rkcity l.ikc ihe two bit coin in yw r |nn'kel, vdri* ha* two side One *dr deals with 1t.it we tin when safety fads; the other ode n m otiir what w e do n* pi * m o le safety. S|*tifieallj. WC are X** dig l *M-.ih tin* pro gram jnd meIl*oiI, l*cucath the device and tcrhii*|ie to I* 'oral bais fr why we diouM *to even ' than we arc in push ing our safety record higher and higher. At thhs safeguard-end of the safety problem religion has a ptacr as tginiiuml .as at the breakdown-end. A eoneein for safety mea sures is fed hy a lively sensitivity to the w clfaic of the individual that is at the heart *C the religions life of this nation. Judaism and Christianity arc together ill affirming ) oouatid Safety this living tru th : flic t n t l i L of %vm lcraitsc lie is of worth to t hhI. W hat v as a people ifo to express in practical frri the worth and dignity of ihr individual is a moral responsibility i i | n m each of ns as an individual ami together in groups. You arc intimately molveil in all ihr problems ami interests of n r g a n h d lalmr. Safely is one of these* hut it is not isolated from yonr oilier issues which are also moral issues. So before I plunge into the moral responsiliilily* I want to stress that safety is part ami parcel of oilier ialmr programs which are also shot through with moral responsibility. For inslnoce, safeguards against imcmployinciit are an accepted moral responsi bility. W e have the Full Employment Act of 1946, which makes (he avoidance of un employment a public |K>licy. T hat a man not lose an opportunity to worlc is a moral issue; that industry, lalmr and the public join in pulling a floor lieucath the chance to lie employed is a moral responsibility. When teebin logical advances, such as auto mation. are introduced which threaten the availability of jobs counter measures ate promoted hv Inlwir, and receive a good hear ing among ns. Why ? Hcraiisc lealing with threats to uncmplnxmcnt is accepted as a moral responsibility in our American wav of life. y UNEMPLOYMENT--A MORAL ISSUE liut whence come major threats to a man willing to work Iteing mtable to w ork? Cyclical, technological, and other causes, to he sure, stand out. Hut men are often--all too often--out of a job because they have Iteen hurt or maimed or disabled as well as fired because of some overall crommne or technical Mpicirc Loss of job amt income is due in large part to failure in safeguards against accidents. Safely is a moral respon sibility because assuring the oppnrt unity for rmploymrnl is a moral responsibility. Again* ethical practices by both tabor ami management arc recognized as a moral re sponsibility of Imlh. This phrase--"ethical practices"--has taken mi specific reform er to the right of the individual union member to proleelioti against the *d tiium and welfare fundv Ihil crilaitdv tie is cipiatly cut itletI to protection from ituuee- cssary accidents--through education and tuning. <m the nor hand, and ihmugh fval S a f e g u a r d s hi th y o )lu k hand lo ess b y a i i i i m i lw :ld , y M M y a n r l*% tip b r te f o f , a n y <arch<SiilR Wfcv3 i *;tf-tv incavures is nil u n iiId e a l practice Im vatd m d o ii m e m b e rs ami o t h e r w o r k e r s - it is a fa ilu re in m ural resp o n sib ility . SAFETY PROMOTES FREEDOM Ami thirdly. American Ialmr is out in front in helping bring the strength of the United States into the free world. A ci<c of moral responsibility for safely is at the heart of wlmt the free world siamis fo r-- the worth and dignity of the individual. Many tests tliat we Americans have to meet tiefore world opinion have to ito with safcl) --tests that we arc far from passing with the grade that we can always l*c proud of. Last fall, we had to expose to the world the hazard to their safely of nine Negro children in going to an Aihnnsas school. That kind of hazard to safety is a faihnc in our moral res|M*usihilily toward the wmih of a child. Hut turn to another aspect of our national life. Hr march I ever g ir a trr ahitudaiii t*. ever greater productivity* ever greater lech nological prowess is hn|*ressivc, even breath taking Hot we should he eipiafly concerned tilt Ihe pave we ate setliui; in M-fhe-joh, 01 ciipatioiial safety, Ad Itryottd litis we now slard oit the thicshohl of the nuclear energy ipdnslry, with its reactors and iso topes* it* fissionable fuels and their radio active Wastes. T he hazards of radiation in this new ''industry give to moral responsibility for safety a new dii urns ion ami urgency. Lei m j just mention three characteristics of file lylentfal harm there is in radiation: I. wliriu yon are hurl hy over-exposure* you tin nj't know il at the time ami so start raring Wr i t ; you .learn o f il--later; 2. th r harmful effects arc not transitory; instead* they add up--accumidativcl) ; .1. radiation can rcacfi into the hitman reproductive sys tem nndoeucc blight later generations. While these daggers arc near the surface in the use of radio-active materials, they ran lr kept under control In vigilence. Certainly safeguards against these risks should have top priority in :t s d r l i program. Wh* n :t \liaog* i, sav fioin ihr rrl:livd% tmdntlctt tiipcit ci>1101 t ies in Asia and Afiica, or from behind the Iron Curiam, should a^k of us, "In yonr ittiprrssivr rush toward on unit mg economic p*os|crit*' tid now into It ) f.,, . J IVS7 M uhonol S a fe ty C ongress Tlii it liter gain, Im t these Iaws Still lifOi on doing something for the man tvho ha met with an accident, rather than on .Im v iiik hill steam into eliminating rn ti c * |..i tivtdt*M l. W hen t* jdp is th ru the W lc weight of responsibility rests on manning the life boats and getting the pas- MMgrrs :ml crew off the vessel. W hen an auto lias gone hurtling ofT a tlm iway then the weight of m oral responsibility is to rush medical care. Itul neither life Imats nor ambulances arc the full measure of moral res|onsihilily that irls upon us twtay when ships still sail the high seas aiul cars ride the highways. O ur moral sense has grown tip beyond that level of moral satisfaction. In its m odem con* rept moral responsibility stresses preventing ihr worst from happening on the oceans and nti mtr roads rather Ilian being oqidJjpt Wttfc'j pirking up the pieces after th e w orst It* happened. Total security is a goal that is beyond os i c:irli, hut ni cat progress rail he mad w l* men of com|*ctenre and good will and devolion join together to help each other a, every way |mssihle to promnle safety f Mires against accident hazards. T he syi of this step is, I suppose, the Hatioodl Safety Congress itself. It stands for rcs|K>nsibility tow ard these hazards at Itest, fo r our deepest responsibility tot the victim of accidents is to see to it all is lone to keep him from becoming victim. And that is a worthy cause for i of us, wlierever we are--In labor and]* management, in education and in govt mcnt.dto ample, that the objective of industrial safely should l>e the preservation o f human life and the protection o f human health. W e would further agree that an employer has / a moral responsibility to protect his woil.- agnlust dM-:<\ accident-, niculitl sticks mid infectious from the conditions o f employ* metiL .'We nil profess to agree that limiistst life Mot cheap; that matt is not som ething to sacrificed to a machine. And yet, these ethical principles are not alw ays applied m day to day life nor arc they self-enforcing. practical application they come into conlict with individual economic interests, and must be enforced either through group lion, or by society as a whole through itical action. As a rule, society Iocs not m ove as fast as the need would indicate. W e all know, for example, that the first industrial revolu tion had run its course for more than 100 years before society got around to adopting and enforcing rules and regulations o f in LABO R'S STAKE IN SA FETY by A. J. HAYES dustrial safety. For more Ilian 100 years industrial workers were given no legal pro tection against the rKks and hazards of in dustrial employment. international president, International Association of Machinists; vice president, AFL-CIO . Washington, D. C. I don't intend In stay within the limits of this title because I am certain little new in* formation could he said alxml "Labor's T h at is why I say that latx>r*s Makes safely is pretty obvious. Therefore 1 si touch u|Mm aspects o f the subject that w Here and there, a lone individual employer might attempt to provide decent and health ful working conditions for his workers. ftut on the whole, the story o f fattovjy einployimenl in the I9lh century--anJ through the rly 20th century--w as a pretty ghastly f, S liiiy in Safety. It is obvious that itu one mild have a gMMtrr stake in mlmlrial m Ii Ii than the men :tu| \m m tu who ate tin* direct victims of industrial accidents. T an employer -- m aticts of industrial aiety, occupational disease, accident prevfiitii: ami w orkm en's cntn<ati*n --arc all tied up w ith economic siderntious. They are important uofar as they affect -- ami can lie made to reduce--iosuraiN o costs, ti.oiling costs, ami m aterial costs. Hut these arc all money costs--cash costs--costs that arc measured in dollars and cents. T o a worker, on the other hand, an in dustrial acrid ni *< a neuter "( 'northing that is even more tangible than money. It is a m atter of a man's Mood, lioncs and sinew--of tragedy, suffering ami sorrow. Ami sor *nes, in fact, more than 50 times a lay-- *ery working day--1 is a m ai ler of I. *elf to someone, somewhere, in tht- rountri not often discussed--aspects that are tow I don't need to go into the details that arc wtial cniitiovtrsial. Perhaps they are w ^indicative o f the cdd indifference w ith w hich diMtivscd because they arc controversial. kuman life was held in Aiuericap m ines and ETHICS IN SAFETY factories. Suffice to say, it lid nut seem to tastier how many men, women and children Since uiv views ami public statements* sW t killed or crippled in the course o f a ihc "corruption in unions" issue have to W Tilr* wcr<- always more w ailing at as frank and honest as 1 can make Ik h e the next morning--driven ly raw I sec no reason to he any less candid > g poverty to plead for a chance to jcop an liie slating my views about m atters of W r p ^ 'r lives and limbs trial safety I assure you. Imwcver. ItaL. am not injecting controversy for its w t , o r ||:T V niifiHT rWAMrre SOCIETY BROUGHT CHANGES sake, hut because these are m atters that t u l v The point I am getting at, of course, is cen t the men and women who run the Jd E tb t change--when it came--was not the rik of living injured, diseased o r killedTOttSttlt of any regeneration { m oral and ih iir jo b s. Ljttkkal conviction on the |att >f employ'', S a fely --ami accident prevention--torti came rather tiecause w itty as a whole ethical as well as an economic side. I thoroughly rcvollc!. It came because none o l us--whether w e represent latori American people were finally shucked management -- would disagree w ith Itoough to correct a condition that had pre basic ethical principi in the field of W vailed--and grown worse-- for 100 years. trial safety. W e would all agree, for luially gut factory laws a n jjv u l, inniicwsalifMi--and an to make mines, factories and iiiiis s d e r traces to work. Ihl of all the legislui' aim rd :tl llii liv*\ noiliiiMii1 saiitHi was the key. bur until employeis were made directly and financially rc$|Mn- sible for the results of workers* accident, they hail no rrnuouitr reason tn picveul accnlrnts. T he whole pattern and fabric of our industrial safety program thronglioui the nation rests entirely on how good and how effective our workmen's compensation and our occupational disease laws are. ECONOMIC REASONS Oh, of course, you can |xitul to ninny oilier good economic rationalizations for in* dustrial safety. You can say iinhi5iii.il a c cidents add all kinds of direct and indirect costs to production. Yon can tKint !< ifr* cost of hiring and training a new inphoee. of c|iiipuictit lamaged in a work o f the tim e lost by other cmpl*\re ! an accident occtirs. Itnt I will iltn .n *1..........u * v *mi a n d -. l i t *1 i l - |Mr<euC h#ig Imift< * ' lent program s--and iImi i* w. c I cidcnt prevention was reinforced with wrifc. men's com|>cnsation ami occupational disease legislation th at employers really Itccame safely conscious. So it stlems that the thing that counts liere is hov; good our workmen's compensa tion and ^occupational disease legislation really, arc. j Ami lliajfs a gl pteMinn! I've spent my whole fd u lt life in the lalmr movement. As a m atter of fact, I was projected into 1 by the vpry thing we arc talking alnmt here to d ay f-an iinltislrial accident. I went to w ork a t 17 cars of age hcrausc my falh er was. totally disabled hv a work inju ry --an injury that cvenlually killed him In the course of many years of studying and dealing) with the problems of my union --which arc, of course, ihc problems of the members of- my uni. I realized that our prrs*nt system *f wmkioco's mpcuirinu and NeupatiiMial lisra* legislation i com* plctvl) amt vvlwdly inalc*tiatc to meet Unneeds of our complex industrial society. I am not alone in that conclusion. There arc. in fact, m any men in the tabor move ment today who feel even strongly tr I W Kohotwl Safety Congress iiM M cti p r o i 4 4 mm I -- J to sImmv a., co ' u l atian hdMifin employmerit ;yid disease, the 6*4 t o n W s i iiopnitihU ,Jo get Uiiir n i l t pwliliahsd or- dUtrilmtctl. The remit is a deplorable lack of ttiotmatiott alioul occupational disease. W e arc tears behind oilier countries in Itiis respect. One expert in this held said that research in (Hicumoconiosis in this country is 25 years (rliiml that of Great Britain. CH ETS PREVAIL IN INOUSTRY * Iwhwt ry edively eppoMta obfcctiv* m vk mm| i r t ioltrcliauits o i inform ation mu n n tm i n u l d ii--n r U cjuim it u m ote afraid of the possibility of paying compensa tion U flg ft t than it i i that worker* wifi die .Iron leek of. proper inform ation and ade quate pftcaotion. Here are specific examples that will illusrtrate this point. There is some medical evidence that the chemicals used in the dye industry and in the manufacture of synthetic rubber cause or contribute to cancer of the bladder. In fact, one of these--amine--is <o dangerous that it lias been outlawed for all industrial uses in Britain since 1951. But efforts 1o prove,,publicize and restrict the dangers of this deadly acid have hit stubborn resistance in this country. The Urge chemical companies have refused to find out if amine does contribute to cancer of the bladder and have strongly resisted in(Irpemlent research into this problem. fcftBGk th* m i t t (ittatio tt Isolds true m the akbesfos bd u rt ry. T here appears to be de cided a fU i-d k c ts on workers who prpjluce arhatto* m tin t there is a marked correla tion between aebeitoi employment and lung * cancer. H ere again, the industry lias been UadiUonoity reluctent to cooperate iu a full scale scientific study of this curious correla tion This lehietmu e -to do research in hanlth hazard recur in industry a lte r indwelry. DOCTORS OFTEN BIASED But even worse when workers do succumb to cancer of the Madder or Ibr lung, or to tome other ritually horrible diseases, we arc treated to the spectacle of company doctors who testify that Ilie disease couldn't possibly have been caused by their employment. Doc tors are supf to be above reproach in our society. is a labor oflicial I have known of too / cases in which company doctors have testified againlfdSMtrtlMFI1 and for management in occupational disease cases even though they knew their testimony was biased. It should not surprise ns that doctors emt Ik: unobjective in these cases where tlieir testimony is bought and paid for. W e have only to look at the wide-spread difference of opinion among doctors as to the effect of cigarette smoking to see ihut their testimony can sometimes lie something less than truth ful. Most doctors \tIh> arc not in the pay of cigarette companies arc convinced by all (lie scientific evidence on record that cigar ettes undoubtedly contribute to lung cancer. Bui the doctors on the payrolls of the to bacco companies either deny tliat cigarettes contribute to lung cancer, or at best main tain that there is not yet enough proof. A s wc contemplate these conflicting views among professional men--and as we thought fully study the reluctance o f industry to be honest about this matter of occupational disease--we cannot help but wonder whether the lust for profits has made many men for get the real purpose of life. W hat is the real purpose of life? Is it production and profit--or the well-being of the individual? If there is conflict between the two, do wc sacrifice production and profit or the wellIring of the individual? The ethical answer is obvious.. But the practical methods of reaching the logical ethical conclusion are more diflirult. FEOERAL ACTS NEEDED W c could make a start by enacting com prehensive federal workmen's compensation and occupational disease legislation to take (he place o f (he chaos that results from having 48 different state systems. But f have no ho|>cs for such a constructive ap proach in the foreseeable future. I am afraid the insurance lobby, and the employer groups that profit from weak administration arc too strong for us at this time. So we'll just have to make that one of our long range objectives. But there are some things we can do right now. Wc can try to have programs set up in the National Institute of Health and in the Public H ealth Service which would recognize the importance of occupa tional disease--and which would |mt the re search effort in this nation on a par with that of other civilized industrial nations. ) i)003<i(i Labor iu/cfv If we cannot get decent factory inspl lion iron the slate govcrroenl, then we the labor movement must resort to sell-hi Many unions arc thinking in terms of col lective bargaining d a uses which would re quire the employer to adopt ihc safety standards set by the American Standards Association as the minimum acceptable in the shop. LABOR FIGHTS FOR SELF We arc also prepared In bargain for more supplemental injury benefits when the com pensation provided hy state laws is not ade quate to sustain a worker and his family. Although our efforts will directly benefit only the 17 million organised workers, per haps they will release new pressures that will eventtally result in improved legisla tion Itcncfttmg alt workers. The American labor. movement lias hut one purpose--one reason for existence in American life--to serve and protect Ameri can workers. T here are times when we ourselves pretty unpopular because we [fcelb locking for the things that arc wrong Hth American industry aiuK;^n n*crcan society. I may have offended industry men with this indictment of Ihc ethics and morals of ntir business community. But 1 would he derelict tit my duty and false to my trust as an elected officer of one of America's greatest unions if I did not say frankly and candidly that we in the liilior movement are not satisfied with present legislation relating to industrial health and safety, workmen's compensation ami occupational diseases. In a sense this is a great challenge to the National Safety Council--a challenge that can he met only if all facts arc squarely faced. If we in the labor movement could count on your assistance in the fight for licttcr legislation mid more research on both the state and federal levels ive might, to gether, make this a far happier, healthier and safer nation in which to live ami work. A GOOD COMMUNICATIONS HELP SAFETY j by G EO R G E SCRIVEN public relations director. United Rubber, Cerk, Linoleum & Plastic Workers of America, AFL-CIO, Akron, Ohio O ur organization has been safety minded for many 3-cars. T he record on that score s|*caks for itself in a lottd and clear manner. The results of our efforts, in cooperation w*th enlightened managements, tell the story ol how we have seen the number of acci dents reduced in the plants in which our members work. I shall not go into sjiccific figures on frequency rates and such. I don't sttp|K>sc any of you would dispute the flat statement that good communication* help safety. But Pd like to try and give you some of the techniques, the how and the why of that statement First, le ts do a little word analyzing. I certainly don't want to sound like the pon tifical professor lecturing his class on sematics. lint when we say good in our topic, "Good Communications Help Safely." we immediately infer that there is another kind besides good. Amt there certainly i... I think there is a lot of bari ami fuzzy mutjications going on in all fields. W ith in the subject matter at hand. I would say I he word good means that type which gets some concrete reaction and re sults. lu the United Rubber W orkers, we think our commutiicatiotis have tccn $uW because we have (he results to slum* fo r it 1 MUST HAVE .RECEIVER FJow for the word o ttnutot u o t torti iti th plirasc. You can't hav1- Communications-- the* type that is -- u u l e s s s o m e o n e s sending the message ;m d s o m e o n e i s c c - reiving it. I was in the A i r F o r c e ir W o r l d W ar II, and l served a s a radio o p e r a i o r in the Pacific aboard a H * 2 9 S u p e r f o r t r e s s . When I sent a message a n d no o n e r r r c i v c d it, I didn't have CO' itcatious. I was ) I ' M f iH ' I -M l. I A OCXs ( I , i ) f ) MCfltS O f THE ' M ARINE SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 #wf/ Chairman--L II. QUACKEN BUSI I, vice president, Slates Marine Corp., New York, N. Y. recativi Gmera Chairman--CAR L F. VAN DER CLUTE, general manager. Marine dept., Culi OH Corp., New York, N. Y. fke General Chairmen (Atlantic Area)--JO SEPH S. BLACKETT, general operation h manager Grace Line, New York, N. Y. ; W. N. DAMONTE, vice presule! A manager. [ Marine dept., Sinclair Refining Co., New York, N. Y.; R. K. KF.LLY, manager. Transportation dept., Eastern division, Tidewater Oil Co., New York, N. Y. ; J. V. ( ` MALCOLMSON. general manager. Marine dept., The Texas co., New York, N. Y.; HAROLD W. NORTHCUTT, manager, Staten Island Yard. Bethlehem Steel Co, Staten Island, N. Y.; ROBERT K. O'BRIEN, vice president. Operations, MooreMcComtack Lines, Inc., New York, N. Y.; ROBERT J. TARR, operating manager, Luckenbach S. S. Co., Brooklyn, N, Y. ; PARKER W ISE, general manager. Marine Transportation dept., Socony Mobil Oil Co., New York, N. Y. rr General Chairman (Gulf Area) --GEORGE GRISWOLD, vice president. Gulf A Sa Amer. S. S. co., New Orleans, La. rr General Chairmen (Pacific Area)--CAPT. T. C. CO NWELL, vice president. Ship Operations, American President Lines, San Francisco, Calif. ; A. E. KIHN, president, California Shipping co., San Francisco. Calif.; RANDOLPH SEVIER, president, Matson Navigation co., San Francisco, Calif. tt General Chairmen (Great Lakes Area)--DAVID L BUCHANAN, Director, Claims ^vision, Pittsburgh S S . division, U. S. Steel corp., Cleveland, Ohio.; JOHN L, HORTON, assistant manager. Marine dept., Cleveland Cliffs Iron co., Cleveland, Ohio. ; .REAR ADMIRAL CHARLES R. KHOURY, USNR. president. Pittsburgh S S . Il division. U. S. Steel corp., Cleveland, Ohio* rr General Chairnten (Inland W a terw a ys)--Ofieraitorn--F A. MECU LING, vice presi dent, A. L Mechling Barge Linen, JoticA, IH.\kimbershifi--WILLIAM C. McNEAL, vice president. Oil Transport co.. Hew Orleans; L x General Chairmen (Passenger and Carpa r n L 'f J --L. S, ANDREWS, vire prrsi:, American Export Lines, New Yorlc N. YCAPT. L. A. l'KNKIlAN, marine saperintemlenl, Farrell Lines, New Yerk, Y. fut General Chairw en (Tankers)--CHARLES t | HOYLE, manager. Marine Dcpl., Swt Oil co., Marcus Hook, Pa.; ADOLPH H. K U R /, vice president, Keystone Ship- co., Pliiladctphia, Pa. ; ` L Gennai Chairman f.Vttivrlorin^)--G. H. E. BUXTON, director. Safety Bureau, New York Shipping Assn.] New York, N. Y. ti General Chairman (Coastal Heatans and Interrntyaatiional Safely Conventions)--VICE ADM. ALFRED C. RICHMOND. Comdt.. U. |S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C m. Nominating Committee--WILLARD F. JONES, New York, N. Y. tetary (Admiralty and Maritime Counselor)--HENRY C. EIDF.NBACH, Hagen A 'pdoihach, New York, N, Y. rtAxi*'try (. mutntlUr (\tst . oumi/ ( funi uh) -ItK M ADMIRAL ItA V A lllt C. JUlt- j DEN, IH., USNH (Chairman). pre<i<lenl. Uniteti State*. I \ It I. Agenry, lite., Nnr York. N. Y.; C A N . JONES 1*. DKVLIN. JR., generai manager, United Siale* lina, ^ or^* N* Y.; OHN II. KiKEKS, enee, vite `iircHiitcni, Ki>eifil|||||pi ce, . New York, N. Y.; HARRY N. KELLY. prediletti. Delta l.'mr, MirsWdppi Stripping 1 to., New Orleans b . ; JOHN li. PEW. IH., vice prcddcni.. Sun Stripping A Drydmk , co.. Clictltr. Ha.; RKAk ADMIRAL GKORCK WAUCHOPK, executive vie* preti* tieni, Farrell Lines New York. N. Y,,; FREDERIC K. PRATT, Sorony Motrii Ori co, New York. N. Y.; LKIGH H. SANFORD, |rcsidcn(, Slri|*lnriklerit Council ol4 America. New York. N. Y.; LOUIS IV FATK. Scarmlalc. N. Y.; RKAR ADMIRAL ROtlERT C. LKK. USNR (rei.) vice chairman, Monrc-McCormark Lines New Ytwlu N. Y.;WILLAIU> F\ JONKS; CARTER RENDALI., drier safety engineer. IlelMet*em Steel co., Ilcthlchem. Pa. ; Carl K. Holmes Cranford, N. j . ; CAPT. E. VfJ l'ISKK, JR., vice prediletti Jk manager, Moiri! Ovcrxenx Taokrrx co., Fori Lee, N, /fnirltitl Gemerai ( lutiroum far Tanlers -f. M. THOMPSON, dslaitl general inuiogcv, Marine iTept., Gulf Oil con.. New York, N. Y. . Gemerai Chairtmm (Crograms. ('mvftrwx)--IIA K O U) M. NYICK, mmmI vice preddent, Ameriean lUircati of Shipping, New York. N. Y. Assistami Gemerai Chairmen (M rtubrrM rt--CAPT. JONES K. DEVLIN. JR.;T. T. WILKINSON, Stipi. Marine dept., Sinclair Rcliiring co., New York, N. Tf. /kVrrfrr, /'irific Heiaharu--FRANK RRAYNARD, director, Kttrean f Infnrnalui American Merctiani Marine ItM., New Y*rk, N. Y. Assistant Director (Vtthlic Hetalionj)-"J(lf!N K. 7 LVAMA'T, Aprcwl tti.tijlitnl li Allanlic CoiM Director, Maritime Administration, New York, N. V. Direelar, Maritime . ISfociotion*--Safely Canffratino timi . IfliWnmc- R. J. IIAKEL secretar -ireaMtre. American Merchant Marine lM., New York. K. Director, Safely Information and CiMicrj--L AP I . MILTON UKFECE, manager, Ksn Skipping rn.. Port rf N. Y. Ollier, New York, N, A. PJitar, Marine Nm-dclfcr--WARREN D. LINDSAY, director t( Safely. Cwitcd Su* Lines New York. N. Y. REGIONAL ACTIVITIES AND COMMITTEES 9 A s s i s h m t t la trice Gmcrnf (.`limYnmn ( C o o s l o t tG 'ftio n s a m i I n te r n a liim a t t 'Mpcnjim) REAR ADMIRAL HENRY C. PERKINS, Commander. Third Cnaxt Guard Dig HO I^fayelle Si . New York. N. Y.; COMMANDEER ALEXANDER W. WUKRKQ Exec. Secy., Mereliant Marine Council, U. S. Coast Guard, Washington 25, D.t A s s i s t a n t C h a ir m e n ( A t l a n t i c t t c f i i a n ) T a n k e r O^'nt/imw--1 APT. WM. It. ANDKRSO Mgr. of 0|eralions Marine div,, Tire Atlantic Relming (*.. Philadelphia, Pa.; CAf WILLIAM IV CHATE'IKLD. KcyMonc Skipping c,, Pliilailelptrin, Pa.; A. I EISCIIER, manager. Inland <Vv.. Marine Transport Dept., Smoiiy-Molril Oil Co., Ki York, N. Y,; 1. R. THOMPSON, a*istanl general manager. Marine 1>cpl., GulM eo.. New York, N. Y. .Irnrftinr ClMuimi ( A t t a a i i e H e g i o n f C a r g o a m t C a s s e n g e r 'a s s e t s --f AMICS T. OK* LEY. director nf safe!. M rc-Mct uimavk Lines Inc.. New York, N. Y. i Calf Hegian--Shits ami Xfrreriorliiff--T. C, URYANT, supervisor, Accident Prcvcri Lykejt Bros S. S. en., Wlriincy Bid*.. New Orleans La.; EARLE SMITH, nl *tor. Waterman S. S. Corp.. Molrile, Ala.; (). P. YILLARRUBIA. claimR vtlely manager, T. Smith & Son, New Orleans I-*.; L R, SEAM EN,* tor. MN.^vi|,|*i Slrippinu m.. Inc., New Orleans 1*.; CAPT. J. IV RUCl . MttWr. Htlr CoaM (itarri Dwtrict, New Orleans La. 8 U L* KJ w o ** rl\RS, iiisiiUK^r, Ari'idfiil ic o .C a llL ; HARRY l'.. Vita', Cnlift; CAPT, F. A. riel, San PMnciseo; Calif. ifety dept., Inlerlake S. S, -ca, Cleveland, Ohio.; L. C MATIA, Secy., The Wilton Marine Transit co.f Clev: bird Ohio.; COMMANDER C. E. LEISING, marine Inspection officer, 9ih Const '. Guard District, Cleveland, Ohio. Oirrdor, Inland Waterways, operating and shipbuilding--BRAXTON B. CARR, president, 8- The American Waterways Operators, Inc., Washington, D. C. ' Assistant Directors, Inland Waterways, Operating and Shipbuilding--ROBERT L (KAY, I superintendent. River Transportation Dept., Ashland Oil & Refilling cn., Ashland. Ky.; { G. A. PETERK IN , JR., president, Dixie Carriers, Houston, Texas.: DAVID M. j BROWN, JR., The American Waterways Operations, Inc., Washington, I). C.; CM 'T. a C H. STOBER, marine inspection oflicer, 2nd Coast Guard District, St. Louis, Mo. HALanS.ESRhViICpEOCuOmMeMrsITATsEsEoSciations Committee--ItA l.1*11 I*.. ( ASHY, president, Amni o n Merchant Marine Institute, New York, N. Y. n, Statistics and Contests Committee--CAPT. C. M. Lynch, manager, afiiv amt training, Sinclair Refining co., Marcus Hook, l`a. ipbuitding and Ship Repair Committee--U. It. CHAPPELL. IR., manager, Electric Boat dv., General iLnamics rm |i, t '*nu It It lt\t* 1 1 RICH, safety engineer, Maryland S. II. & l>, D. o, llrdiitm-rr, M l . I It I ! 'I* BEATER, chief safety engineer, Todd Shipvaids c**r|*.. New Y**ik. \* V . I.*1 1-1 It I G. LEWIS, safety engineer, Bethlehem Sl**:l <:., Bethlehem, I'a.; I II-.KMAM j. NORDSTROM, safety engineer, Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock to., Newport News, V a,; JAMES O'DONNKI.I.. director of Safely, Avoiwtale Marine Ways, New Orleans, La.; J. A. STAFFORD, safety engineer. Ingalls Shipbuilding corp, Pascagoula, Miss.; GILBERT WIDDOWSON, safely eugincer. Sun S. R. & D. D. co., Chester, Pa.; I. C. YATES, director of safely, Alabama Drydock A Ship building co., Mobile; Ala. rhstmioH, Engineering and Minimum Standards Committee--CAPT. R, A. SMYT1I, ( assistant chief. Office of Merchant Safety, U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. fkirm ts, Liaison Committee for Cargo Ship and Tnhker Discussion Groups--CAPT. It. H. SMITH, manager safety department. United States P. A I. Agcinv, Ine., New York. N. Y. i 'hirmaw, Tanker Safety Discussion Group--CHARGES A. CULVER, safety engineer, Atlantic Refining co., Philadelphia, Pa. 3 Chairman, Cargo Ship Discussion Croup--CAPT. ROBERT CORNWELL, safety director, j Isthmian Lines, New York. N. Y. c 'ktmtnan. Great Lakes Safety Discussion Group--l OBERT E. KRA Il'//K. R T , Vessel Personnel mgr., Columbia Transportation co . Clcvcl nd, Ohio. laordf Committee--CAPT. ROBERT E. MACKl'Y (Chairman), assistant manager. | Operations div.. Marine Dept., The Texas co., New York, N. Y.; CAPT. E. W. FISKE, JR .; J. M. DEMPSEY, JR., manager. Marine dept.. Stales Marine Lines, New York. N. Y. .UAL GOVERNMENT COMMITTEES FOR SAFETV IN NATIONAL DEFENSE (, Chainnoit, Safety Policies fo r Regulations, Ship Inspections--R. ADM, H. U. S. Coast Guard Headquarters, Washington, Dl C ; R. ADM. HEARD. USCG (Ret.), Washington. D. C. ChunwM, Committee fo r S a fety mi National Defense Transportation1- V I JOHN M. WILL, USN, Commander, Military Sea Transportation ton, IX C. *r* Atlantic Area--R. ADM. DONALD T. ELLER, Commander, M.S.T.S., Pacific A r e a - R. ADM. H . S. PERSONS. Commander M.S.T.S., Fort eisoo, Caltf. Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Area--R. ADM. FRANK L. JOHSON, London, England, c/o Navy 100. Fleet P.D., New York, N. Y. f Western Pacific A rea -H . ADM. G. C W RIGHT, Commander M.S.T.S., Y N o r t h P a c ific S u b a r e a --CAPT. N. A. LID STON E. Commander, M.SL Seattle, Washington. Gulf S u b a r e a -- CAPT. J. H. BROWN, USN, Commander M.S.T.S., Gull: Orleans, La. l> C h a ir m a n , S a f e t y C o m m i t t e e for V. S. Coast Guard--S afety Within the Si LAWRENCE M. HARDING, safely director and assistant engineer- Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. CUairman. National Defense Transportation--Readiness--CAPT. M. I. G00I lime Administration, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Safety Committee for Longshoremen, Harbor Workers--RALPH Vt] STROM, Marine Safety Advisor, Bureau o( Labor Standards, U. S. Labor, Washington, D. C. Chairman, U. S . Naval Shipyards Safety Committee--CAPT. H. L. MATI USN, director of safely, Office of Industrial Relations, Navy dept., W? Staff Representative--L. W. DUTTON, National Safety Council, Chicago.  t I ) ) JW Notional Soitty Conrtst valve, operating from the press shaft, is used to interlock this circuit. There are many different ways to air valve a press dutch or brake. Depending on the specific application, certain ways may be less hazardous than others. For the la in safety, other Stems, guarding and interlocking, are very a portant and must also be given card consideration.^^- OFF-THE-JOB ACCIDENTS Statistics are such boresome things I< It's carelessness in little things j And figures rather dull. At home and on the street j It*e hundreds, millions, billions, trillions, Neglect in moving objects small i Over which we mull. Away from running feet. But facts are facts where ere we go Regardless of amounts. So here*s some facts on accidents, And that's what really counts. A makeshift ladder, sliding rugs, Electric cords that spark A disregard for cellar stairs And stumbling in the dark. It isn't always big machines With blades of sharpened steel That rob a man of arm or leg And make his tenses reel. Crossing where no crossings are While looking at the sky. Driving on a slippery road With milestones whizzing by. Nor is it always "on the job" Most accidents take place. Out just the opposite is true And figures prove our case. These are the things that take a toll We all should frown upon So watch for them when off the job. As well as when you're on. --Humble Pipe Line Company, Houston, Tt* i to OFFICERS OF THE AUTOM OTIVE AN SHOP SEC1 MACHINE N NATIONAL SAFETY CO , CIL 1957-58 I General Chairman--W. C. BARBER, settlor safely engineer. Standard Accident Insurance Co., Detroit, Midi. / w Chairman--EDWARD D. RAHDE, supervisor--Employee Benefits and Safety, West* Inghouse Air Brake Co., Wilmerding, Pa. Secretary--GILBERT A. SNYDER, supervisor. Safety and Sanitation, AHis-Clialtncrs \ Manufacturing Co* LaPorle. Ind. Program Chairman--G. C. SQUIER, safely engineer, Chrysler Division, Chrysler Corp., -> Detroit. Mich. Newsletter Editor--W. EUGENE STUFFING, director of safely. Carrier Corp., Syra- V cuse, N. Y. Engineering Methods and Procedures Committee--GEORGE K. HUMPHREY (Chairman), safely director, Cadillac Div* General Motors Corp., Detroit, Midi.; DAN lr. BRADY, manager of safety. The Maytag Co.. Newton, Iowa; WILLIAM E. GRUBER, manager. Safety Engineering Dept., Standard Accident Insurance Co.. Detroit, Mich.; JO H N R. MAGOKIAN, director of s.fcty, Federal Enameling ft Stamping Co., Pittsburgh, P a.; W. E. McKKLOlN, safuy supervisor, Westmglinusc t Electric Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; D. T. MOULD, safety director. General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich.; A. J. RUZICII, safely engineer, Chrysler Cuip* Mopar Plant. Center Line, Mich.; ROBERT VERIIAARKN, asst, safety director. Ford Instrument Go* Div. of Sperry Rand Corp., Long Island City, N. Y .; C. A. DcMQNGE, personnel director, Kelsey-Hayes Wheel Co., Detroit, Mich.; CARL J. PETERSON, staff safety ' engineer, Chrysler Corp* Detroit. M idi.; EUGENE E. GARRITY, safety director. Hunter Division, Robbins A Myers Inc., Memphis, Teun.; ROE BOONE, safety engi neer, Procter 9t Gamble Defense Corp., Milan Arsenal, Milan, Tcnn.; MILTON A. RATHERT, safety director, C. linger & Sons Hinge Co., St. Louis, Mo.; JOSEPH MOORE, safely engineer, Schlage Lock Co., Ilaysliorc Dtvd., San Francisco, Calif.; MORGAN OWENS, Chevrolet, Oakland Division, General Motors Corp., Oakland. Calif. Mutation and Training Committee--O. J. PICKEL (Charimnii), supcrvtsnr. Safety ami ! Medical Service, Wagner Electric Corp* St. Ixniis, pin.; W. EUGENE STUFFING, ! director of safety. Carrier Corp., Syracuse. N. Y .; ROBERT BEESON, safety suprr. visor, Hagerstown Plant Perfect Circle Corp., Hagerstown, Ind.; JOHN E. KANE, supervisor of safety, Temstcdt Division, General Motors Corp., Trenton Plant, Trenton. i N. J .; WILLARD KERR, associate professor. Illinois Institute of Technology. Chicago, 111.; DANIEL G. SULLIVAN, safely director. Pittsburgh Sr. iw and Bolt ) ) ) Health and Atotnlrname Committt t --HAY IIARVEY (Chairman), M ilatm l iifeljr director, Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, Midi.; J. C. RADCLIFFE, supervisor, Industrial Health Unit, Medical Section, Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, Mich.; W. G. HAZARD, Industrial Relations Div., Owens-Illinois, Toledo, Ohio; J. W. CAKE.industrial hygiene engineer, Michigan Mutual Liability Co., Detroit, Mich.; JOHN II. HYNES, Oldsmobile Div., General Motors Corp., Lansing, Mich.; M. F. lUANCARDI, manager. Safety Services Dept., Allis-Chnlmers Manufacturing Co.. Milwaukee, W it.; EDGAR O. PRANGE, safety director, Uendix Aviation Corp., South Send, IsuL; OWEN PEEL, safety department. Burroughs Adding Machine Co., Detroit, Mich. Metnbenhip Committee--RALPH M. COE (Chairman), safety director, Goodman Manu facturing Co., Chicago, 111.; PAUL KRAMOS, chief safety engineer, Butler Manufac turing Co., Kansas City, Mo.; B. J. POVOLNY, safety director, Harrison Radiator Div., General Motors Corp., Lockport, N. Y .; F. H. HUMPHREYS, manager. Prop erty Dept., A.C.F. Industries, New York, N. Y .; J. E. MOORE, vice president Corporate Service, Inc., Detroit, Mich.; H. II. HUNTINGTON, assistant consultant. Industrial Service, International Harvester Co., Chicago, HI-; WARD ANDREWS^ Protective Equipment Inc., Rock Island, III. Staff Representative--HARRY C. JOHNSON, National Safely Council, Chicago, 111. OFFICERS OF THE POW ER PRESS AND FO R G IN G SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Centra! Chairman--T. A. KRAKOW, director of safely, Deere & m , Moline, III. Ytte Chairman--C. D. BRAINERD, safety director. Olds Forge Plant, Ohlsntohilc div.. General Motors corp.. Lansing, Midi. Secretary--FRANK HAUSMAN, safely engineer. Employers Mutual Liability Ins. e. of Wisconsin. River Forest, III. fragram Chairman--JAMES McCLIAMANS, safety sii|H*rvimr, Wrsiingliniisc Electric corp., Sharon, Pa. , tngineering and Technical VnMiuttions Committee f 'hairmen--WILLIAM II. RERRY, superintendent, forge div., International Harvester eo. Tractor Work*, Chicago. III.; ROBERT A. IIEYDEN, chief, iTectrical and maintenance drpl.. Western Kleetiic <*.. Chicago, III. Mutation and Training Committee Chairman--THOMAS H. RULLA RI), safclv niaiiagcr. The Rmld co , Philadelphia, Pa. \htic Relations Committee Chairman--DONAI.,) W. STITT. ns't. general manager, industrial relations. Continental Can co.. New York, N. Y. irmbrrship Committee Chairman--GEORGE M. JOHNSON, safety director, Oichotd Inc., Canton, Ohio 'f-the-Job Safety Committee Chairman--HAROLD E. LILLIE, director, Safely Council of Greater Lansing, Lansing, Mich. t ewslettrr Editor--GEORGE R. ORTH, staff assistant, Accident Prevention, Westing- bouse Electric co., Pittsburgh, Pa. k f Rcpresrntativc--ARTHUR S. KELLY, National Safety (niiuril, Chicago, III. I M 00029'*! " m 6r r r : JOHN I). ALLEN, aafely director, ^Wyman-Gordmi. Worcester, Mm . ; HOWARD RUSS, safety director, Oneida Limited. Oneiila, N. Y.; CHARI.E S II CANNON, education div., Dcpl. of Labor. State of lllumis. Chicago. III.; JOHN A. CHURCHILL, safety service dept., Atlfs-Chahurrs Mfg. co. Milwaukee, W is.; HAROLD A. DASCIINKR, inaiiagiug directoij Pressed Metal Institute, Cleveland. Ohio; WILLARD A. DUDLEY, dept, of fire prevention and safety, Eastman Kodak to. Kodak Park Works. Rochester, N. Y.; *C.lf/EN H. DUGGER, director, health and safety div., U.S.A.E.C., Albuquerque Operations Office, Albuquerque, N. M.; CLYDE O. ENOCHS, safety director, Chevrolet--Flint div.. General Motors coip.. Hint, Mich.; #ARTHUR R. GRAHAM, supervising safety engineer, Chicago District. Bituminous Casualty corp., Chicago, III.; *WALTBR L. HANAU, assistant superintendml, engineering dept.. The Fidelity A Casualty Ci. of New York, Chicago, III.; ED WARD A. HESSMER, director of safety. The Oliver corp.. South Rend, Ind.; WILIIAM A. ISAACSON, safely director, L A. Youqg corp., Detroit, Mich.; HOUSTON iftl. LAMBERT, safely supervisor. A. C. F. Industries Inc., Buffalo, N FRANK W. it MARCACCIO, chief, industrial inspection dtv., Rhode IsIam! Dept: lienee, R. 1.; M. (MIKE) McCARTHY, safely consultant, Columbus! corp., Detroit Mich.; E. H. MEEKS, personnel and safety direttori Itams Steel Forging corp., Alliance, Ohio; ELI U MJUJMUC manse of South Bend, South Bend, ind.; CARL J. PETERSON, staff safety, ler corp., Detroit, Mich.; *G. DEWEY REED, safety engineer, Lawi M Underwriters, Lansing, Mieli.; E. D. SALLEE, company supervrisiosra r Industrial hygiene, American m co.. New York, N. Y ,| J. ROI"- ^ Parrish Pressed Steel co-, Reading, Pa.; WILLIAM H. SLAGER, visor. International Harvester co.. Tractor Works, Chicago, III.; GI safety director, John Deere Planter Works of Deere Ik Co., Moline,1 PILLAT, M.D., The Oliver corp., South Bend, Ind.; *EDWIN district safety supervisor, American Brake Shoe co. Chicago, 111.; GEOS staff engineer. Clearing Machine corp., dtv. of U.* S. Industries, Inc,|r *Former General Chairman 34 *V 1 fl fl ` U: ) 7 i Lm'0*I I fjv- il * ||v * i, [r; I W* 7*- * 4 ;< i I i i t * * * INCENTIVE AWARDS FOR GOOD SAFETY RECORDS IN THE MINING INDUSTRY t. by JO H N McKENNA SMITH talcly engineer, A ibcstot Corporation Limited, Thetford Mines, Quebec, Canada Tint paper deals with (he application of safety incentives at Asbestos Corporation Limited in Tlieiford Mines, Quebec. Awards for safety achievmeiits have been used by this company for the past six years. This period compared to an equivalent period before the award program shows tlie acci dent experience has improved appreciably. To attribute the improved experience solely to safety incentives Would be incor rect because supervisory training and re vised and improved methods have helped our accident prevention program. N ever theless, no single feature has hecn more instrumental in making our workers safely conscious than safety incentives. Asbestos Corporation Limited is engaged iu llie mining ami nulling ol aslcsto$ ores in the Theiford Mines--Black Lake district of Quebec. Some 2,000 men arc employed, operating three plants with a large expan sion program in progress at one of them, liaclt plant consists of a mine, a mill, main tenance shops and facilities for the storage and shipping of tugged asbestos. INCENTIVE PLAN Six years ago the safety department of Asbestos Corporation Limited examined sev eral plans to improve the safety record of the company. If accident prevention could be constantly before the worker, the accident frequency and severity would decrease. This would lower the compensation rate, since this company operates on a merit rating basis within the rate structure set by the Quebec Workmen's Compensation Commis sion for the Quebec Asbestos Mining A s sociation. A safety incentive plan was proposed to management based on fl*e following prin ciples : I. The goals for safety awards should be realistic and possible to attain by a* group which would pay particular 'ion to accident prevention. 20 2. The employees should know their g* standing during the time the plan is m fj: operation. -, l e .1. Tle awards or incentives sltoold he k | distributed to as many employees possible. |l A. One group of employees should not :F j be penalized for the |>oor performance f lL of another group. < [* 5. Tangible prizes are belter than moue- [ tary awards. * (%. The safety incentive plan must he tin-. derstood by all employees. Management accepted a safety incentive plan based on these principles and it began on November 1st, 1951. It is still in opera tion. I will elaborate on each principle ami show how these principles were applied by our company. The success of the plan is due to strict adherence to the basic prin ciples. ) GOALS EASY TO ATTAIN , He fore proposing any safety incentive plan, it is advisable to review the past experience of the company and of other organizations iu the same industry. This ' review or survey will guide in setting objec tives for safety awards. It would indeed be unrealistic to base objcctives on a yearly frequency of five tost time accidents per million man hours of exposure when your best previous fre quency has been 20 and that of the industry 12. In other words examine your records and set }*our objectives so they may be reached by extra effort in the field o f acci dent prevention. Do not expect miracles and do not set the objectives so high the employees will feel they cannot attain these objectives. At Asbestos Corporation Limited, our survey of past experience and local condi tions indicated that consecutive man-shifts worked without a lost time accident "'mid be the bcH basis on which to make a Tills basis had several advantages, ; which were : * a. Within our reporting or labor accounting set-up. this figure could lie easily reported by the timekeeping departments daily. b. i t i lost time accident occurs on any day during the monili, it is not neces sary to wait until a new period before another no-accident record can start. The objectives were set so that once the first was reached, the group continued to amass consecutive shifts since the last lost time accident. When the second or third robjectives are reached, awards of greater value arc distributed. To be more specific, groups or plant divisions are awarded safety incentives after 10,000, 25,000 and 50,000 shifts without a lost time accident. The value of the award at 2S,000 shifts is. approximately two and one-half times the value at 10,000 although only 15,000 consecutive shifts have hecn added to the total. EMPLOYEES KNOW WHERE THEY SIANO The employees should know their relation to the objective when the plan is in opera tion. This principle is extremely important in any work where an jobiectlve as being a t tained. Everyone is familiar with the ther mometer chart used h{ cfiaritable campaigns and war bond drives. For the safety Incen tive plan at Asbestos \Corporation Limited, bulletin boards at the plant entrances or in the punch clock rooms, showed the number of consecutive man-shifts worked since the last lost time accident for each group operat ing as a unit. These boards are kept up-todate daily by the timekeeping department at the plant. MANY AWARD WINNERS The awards or incentives should be dis tributed to as many employees as possible. Several plans operate with the supervisory employees rewarded for safety records es tablished by heir workers. Other plans allow so many awards per department or per 100 employees. We distribute awards to each employee of the department or plant division eligible under the plan. The cost Attriihf/ tfttfi* anti selection of awards \vm? explained * T r in thi. paper. P y every employee receiving an awaid we are enlimminating two employee oppositidns to an irncentive plan: I a. They feel they work to establish the I safettyy record and then the supervisor 1 receives the reward, b. Many feel if their names were placed in a box and one name drawn for a safety award, their name would cer tainly not be drawn. In other words, they are just not lucky in lotteries. All production and maintenance employees, the plant supervisory and clerical staff, and watchmen are eligible for safety awards. Head office staff, laboratory employees and a group at our non-operating properties are not included in the plan. One group of employees sltouhl not be penalized for the poor performance of another group. When setting up a safety incentive plan based on group incentives, have gnmps *>r units of employees who do the I: The I t I* 1 many cmplntr** m k ' !- (-**** |H>or safety performance ul a I ; . lion of the group. Since this i* a effort, it requires good teamwork and it is amazing to see how older employees advise new men on unsafe manner. The breakdown of each plant for the safely incentive plan followed the main working divisions: t.e., mine, mill, shops or maintenance, and general or yard labor. Each group ts a unit which operates inde pendently in the plan. If a lost time acci dent occurs in the mill, it does not affect tlje records of other groups. ,T he groups are not equal in site but by setting the objectives on. the basis of eon- live man-shifts worked since the last tqst time accident, the exposure to injury ip equal for all groups. I The objectives are the same for all groups. There were several objections tn lias; many employees maintained their work was more hazardous and should therefore receive a handicap. Our experience however, lifts shown that the equal objectives for all groups were justified. This is a point h st'idy carefully before an incentive pirn is prt into operation. 1UV/ N.l/i'lv I w oo 3!) ,,3L,... . -;t\ tl it p reiem k k to distribute useful items nt safety awards Ilian to g ive tlic equivalent in casfi. M any companies distribute individ ual pint, or departmental trophies. This certainly advertises the accident prevention program but a pocket knife, wallet or some mall to"! is a constant reminder o f acci dent prevention. The distribution o f useful items has been quite popular among our employees. T he safety incentive plan must be under stood by all employees. This basic principle applies to any incentive plan initiated and operated by a business organization. When the safety incentive plan began, notices were posted on alt company bulletin boards e x plaining its operation. M eetings with super visors illustrated in more detail just how the plan would work. W hen new employees are hired, the plan is explained in the preemployment interview. T o recapitulate briefly the safety incentive plan of Asbestos Corporation L im ited: Each operating plant is subdivided into four sec tions which operate independently in estab lishing safety records of consecutive man shifts worked without a lost time accident. When one o f the follow ing objectives is I'yrcx ware, table lighters, m ixing bowls; two tools, i.e., hand axe. pliers,'tape* T o illustrate the range o f awards distrib uted over the past five and a h a lf years, the follow in g list for each series o f awards.' has been com piled: Vj las had an active supervisory training pro, |ram during the past five years. I sha indicate tHe improvement in the sa fe ty ex perience since the inception o f the safe! incentive plan and point out som e features which might be directly attributable to acci dent prevention awards. f ir s t A w a rd ( JO,000 s h ifts ) Table I is a breakdown o f our accident M ixing bow ls, flashlights, table lighters,'1 experience from 1947 through 1956. T h is playing cards, ash (rays, pipes, thermos bob period w as chosen because it illustrates a tics, w escot w renches, combination square* : period o f five years, 1947 through 1951, hammers, tinners* snips, hand a x es, wrench prior to the introduction o f the safety in sets, ball point pens and razors. centive plan and a five year period, 1952-56, B Second A w a r d (2 5 fi0 0 s h ifts ) Mj Steak kn ives, S ile x coffee makers, bill-' folds, vises, can openers, casting rods, pipe* wrenches, pocket w atches, a cash allowance on a pair o f sa fety shoes and Hirst Aid kits that the plan has been in operation. Tables 1! and III are a com pilation anti im a g e of these two five-year periods. I These records indicate an improvement since the inception o f the safety incentive Third A w a rd (50,000 sh ifts) T h is is reached on an average o f once a year by one o f the sections within the com pany. T he awards consist o f : safety foot wear, flash cam era, carving set, socket wrench set, aluminum chairs and in some cases, combinations o f tw o 25,000 shift awards. plan. W hen the compensation cost plus the ' attentive cost for the 1952-56 period is com pared to Ihe compensation cost alone fo r the ( 1947-51 period, we find a yearly average j saving o f over $30,000, and this in a period when the compensation benefits as welt as . the wages were increasing. A downward trend has started ht the ac cident frequency, severity and costs when fo u r th A w a rd (75,000 sh ifts) the incentive plan w as introduced. H ow ever, !f* prominent feature after the. W tinlion f safctyiinncc.viiittiiv*eys wuaaas stihev sharp tefluction i.l^st liifte? accidcijls involving one i<> three * iostj time. W licn The m f f o p & s rcalizcd that this w as a `'team" or group con test, everyone co-operated in not losing time for minof injuries, a practice prevalent in previous Jxars. The codipany encouraged employees to re turn to work by allowing them to relocate to a less arduous (ask for a Short period o f time if the work would have to be done during the course of operations. The application o f safely incentives at Asbestos Corporation Limited in Thctford Mines has achieved the results desired sine.: the plan was formulate and introduced, i.e., an improvement in our safety record and a decrease in compensation costs. Safety incentives when properly applied will produce the following results: a. The workers will become more safely conscious. b. The compensation costs will decrease. c. Accident frequency and severity will imptnvr. d. Workers will arrcpl the safely pro gram more readily when tbev will reached, 10.000, 25,000, or 50,000 and so on T h is mark h as been reached once by one it is quite definite that the introduction o f realize that management is w illing to an 25,000-sluft increments, each employee section. A t the request o f the majority of afety awards accelerated the improvement compensate them for safety achieve it entitled to a safety award if he lias the em ployees in this section and with Use is accident prevention. m ents.^. worked at least 75 per cent of the time in that section during the period the record or objective was being established. If a lost time accident occurs in a section, the cumulated man-shifts drop to zero and a approval o f management, instead o f increas ing the value o f the individual awards as w c do for llte first three objectives, each em ployee received an award in the 25,000 sh ift range and a drawing w as made for t [ leer i TA IILB I ANALYSIS O r C C ID R N T K X PEHIKN CK. COM PENSATION AND S A F E T Y IN C E N T IV E CO ST S. 19*7-1955 Loot Tim o Ace. No Leet T im e A ccidente ; D ay .L eet M e m ef Kxpeew e F re quency Se v e rity Ceanpenetlen C eti Incen tiv e Coel fresh start is made. SELECTING AWARDS FOR SAFEiy The selection o f suitable awards is im portant. W h en employees are eligible for awards, they are entitled to lire choice o f one of five or six items. tw o television sets, installed in the em ployees* hom es com plete w ith outdoor an tenna. N eed less to say this created considerable interest in accident prevention throughout the com pany. T h e president, the general manager and other lop company officials, S 47 ' 1148 49 k 60 61 63 63 64 1966 1968 232 1C8 102 132 91 54 3 29 * 62 38 198 1 6.824 266 10. m 166 15.231 209 15,036 216 1.602 199 1.493 203 7.743 232 7.781 267 1,643 252 1.168 4.461.298 C3.0 4.629.157 94.1 1.111.106 82.6 4.482.187 29.6 4.861.799 20.8 4,149,987 11.1 16.6 6.8 u s is s. 11.9 e.8 1305 2190 4850 3360 367 3055 I90S 1860 3G3 272 9121.017 32.616 60.061 102.688 22.914 23.178 38.319 26.886 81.262 29.173 S 9.355 6.613 9.796 7.675 7,394 The system used by Asbestos Corporation Limited entails more work and jossibly has some disadvantages but it is more acceptable to our employees. If xve decided everyone w a r to receive a flashlight or a pen knife there would be many complaints about how many our men already had; therefore, it is w ise to allow t> choice o f awards. w ere present fo r the drawing. T he event w as covered by (be local piess and some local correspondents (or the Metropolitan dailies. W hen another group reaches the 75,000 sh ift mark a drawing (or an expen sivc award w ill be made only' if it is the expressed w ish o f the majority o f employees of the section. A nyone in accident prevention knows it Period 1947-61 1962-66 TABLE II CO M PA RISO N O r A C C ID E N T EEPEK IRNQF#. COM PEN S AT ION ANO S A F E T Y I N C E N T I V E C O S T S , l 1 0 9 3 t, 19r:-l'J56 l.n e t T im e A rc. 716 236 No Loot T im e A ertrirnte 1.044 1.163 Uyi Y.ont 47.820 26.725 H our ef K xfvair# 21.075.472 21.069.846 ritequeftry y fo ]i2 St*verity 2270 1268 Com pen (ton Coat 8939.296 114466.8.81188 Incen tiv e Cvt $40.772 TABLE III j C O M P A R IS O N O r A V K R A O E Y E A R L Y A C C ID E N T e VcP K IM K N C B , C O M P E N S A T IO N A N D S A F E T Y IN C E N T IV E CO STS. I{47-19SI. 1952-105 The decision of the five or six items is made along the follow ing principle: tw o personal i i.e., pocket knife, flash light. lights vo items for the home, i.e.. is difficult to attribute improvement in safety experience to any one item. A sbestos Cor poratton Limited has been constantly chan| I ing and improving working methods, a Perle 1847-51 1962-66 Lout T im e Arc. 143 47 N Lout T im e A ccidente 209 231 Dye Lo et 9.664 5,345 lloure of E x p o eu re 4.215.004 4.213.969 Fre* O tpcjr 33: i; 12 Se v e rity 2270 1268 Com penentlnn Cost 8 67.859 29.364 Incen tive Cost $ 8.1 <7 22 2J 1 OFnCERS OF THE MINING SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Commit! / / --JOHN C. MACIIISAK (Chairman), rliicf, A ffiilcnl A im U m Branch U. S. llttrenn oi Miner Wiisltmutoi, IV \ , If it/fly Promotion Committee--ALLEN l>. LOOK ' (Chairman), U. S. Knrcaii ti Federal Building, Duluth, Maim.; (#lvOK(K S/fLL, Miniali: Congress Iminiai. Min*, \Vn;li. ington, D. G ; ALVIN W. KNOKRR, Engineering A Mining Inumai. New York. N. Y, ; GEORGE O. ARGALI-, JR.. Milling Wnrhl, Sal* Francisco, Calif.; CHRIS MAMIvN. ki` Canadian Milling Journal, Gardenvalc. Quebec,/ Canada; DAVID N. SKILLINGS. Skillings Mining Review, Dliillt, Minncsla. Ctmrai Chairman--H. SLOANE. director of lately diviiion. Mining Atsociation of B. C i Vanco..u. ver, nB. sC-. .171 P int Vice-Chairman--S. E. SHARP, Tennessee Copper co., CopperhiII, Tenn. Second Vice-Chairman--C R. NELL, Bethlehem Cornwall corp., Cornwall, Pa. Third Vice-Chairman--ROGER F. A. THEW , safety engineer. Steep Rock Iron Mian Limited, Steep Rock, Ontario. ? Newsletter Editor--R. G. WARNCKE, Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C. Assistant Newsletter Editors--Labe Superior District, F. D. WOLEBEN, Oliver Ins Mining Division, U. S. Steel corp., Virginia, Minn.; Eastern District, JOSEPH WEEKS. New Jersey Zinc company, Franklin, N. J .; Southeastern District, M. PJ THOMPSON, American Zinc company. Mascot, Tenn.; Western District, W. LYNN, HART. American Smelting and Refining company, Wallace, Idaho; Central District, H. B. HUTCHENS, Eaglc-Picher Mining and Smelting company, Miami, Okla.; Sooth western District, PAUL HUNTER, Chino Mines division, Kcnnecott Copper company. Hurley, N. M.; Ontario District, ROGER F. A. THEW , safety engineer, Steep Rod Iron Mines Ltd., Sleep Rock, Ontario, Canada; Quebe District, J. E. BERRIDGE; Quebec Asbestos Mining Association, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Eastern Canada District, JO H N ABBISS, Buchans Mining company, Buchans, Newfoundland, Canada; Western Canada District, IVAN H. SLOANE, director of safety division, Miring Association of B. C. Vancouver, B. C. W " " "d, arnmiM rr-JOHN W. WAHREN (O.airma..). Anacon.l BBuultlte., MMoonnit.; EEDD. LLEEOONNAARRDD., IInnlaanndd SStler rell -cro.. lIdshiipemmuintfgf, MM icrhh*.; DD OO NNAAILDT S. KINGERY, Mine Ventilation Section, U. S. flurehn of Mines, Pittsburgh, Ta. emberi-at-Large--*R. F. WILSON, Oliver Iron Mining div., U, S. Steel corp., Duluth, Minn.; JOE T. WILLIAMS, Bunker Hill and Sullivan Mining and Concentration company, Kellogg, Idaho; GEORGE GEDGE, Phelps Dodge corp.. Copper Queen Branch, Bisbee, A rts.; #OSCAR A. GLAESER, U. S. Smelting; Refining and Mining CO., Salt Lake City, Utah; *A. J. STROMQU1ST, Cleveland Cliffs Iron co., Ishpcniitig, Mich.; CLIFFORD GIBSON, Mines Acriilent Prevention Association of Ontario, 'Timmins, Ontario, Canada; GEORGE GKUKY, l'icknuds Mather fir co., IrotiwiMMl, | Mich.; R. F. WILSON, Oliver Iron Mining Division, U. S. Steel corp., Duluth, Minn. f h f Representative--CLINTON II. IIOCII, National Safety Council, Chicago. III. fk it General Chairman Enfrrioiiimmf Committee Chairman--J. T. RYAN, JR., Mine Safety Appliances co. Pittsburgh, Pa. EngiWrrtng Committer--J. M. SMITH (Chairman), Asbestos Corporation Ltd., ThetforJ Mines, Quebec, Canada; JOHN D. BIKER, Consolidated Mining & Smelting co. Ltd of Canada, Trail, British Columbia, Canada; DALE J. BROWN, Nevada Mines Ac tion, Kcnnecott Copper corp., Magill, Ncv.; GEORGE A. BORGESON, M. A. Hama co., Hibbing, Minn. Membership Committee--AL KOLU (Chairman), Pickands Mather & co., Duluth, Mina.; WALTER E. MONTGOMERY. Montreal, Quebec. Cannila; CLIFFORD GIBSON. \ Mines Accident Prevention Association of Ontario, Timmins. Ontario, Candi; : EMMETT K.OLSON, JR., Kcnnecott Copper Corp., Utah Copper Div., Salt Lake Gtj. ' U tah; NEAL II. GEORGE, Quebec Metal Mines Accident Prevention Association : Quebec, Canada. \. t Program Committee--JOHN A. JOHNSON (Chairman), U. S. Bureau of Mines, Wk- ington, D. C .; A. W. NESS, American Smelting & Refining co.. Salt Lake City, Utafc; | MAURICE LA FONTAINE, Department of Mines, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; JO SEPH HALL, Reserve Mining company. Silver Bay, Minn. i Poster and Visual Aids Committee--HERBERT A. WENDEL (Chairman), The Anacmfc f company, bureau of safety, Butte, Mont.; A. W. NESS, American-Smelling & refinag company. Salt Lake City, Utah; A. J. STROMQUIST, Clevcland-Cliffs Iron co., Ik. peming, Mich.; M. C. M. POLLARD, National Gypsum co., Buffalo, N. Y.; J. ML HARKINS, The Anaconda co., Butte, Montana; P. C. SIMMONS, Phclps-Dudge 46V <i, Aritona. rumen . ooo^o'c; 47 O FFICERS O F THE COMMERCIAL VEHICLE SECTION If. NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 vw r a n it. Vue Chairman--KARL SCHULZE, senior safety engineer, Standard Oil co. of CaliCorpiA Western Operations, Inc., San Francisco, Calif. Secretory--L. F. PURVES, superintendent, Toronto Star, Ltd., Toronto, Ontario, immediate Post General Chairman--K. N. BEADLE, director of safety. Pacific Iatei mountain Express, Oakland, Calif. Standing Committee Chairmen: rrogram--S. E. NELSON, Mi|*criitlcudcnt of safely, Burlington Truck lines, Inc., burg. III. Contest--J. A. DtPEW , director of safety and personnel, Dohrn Transfer co.. Rock Ii in. Driver d u ard --N. J. BLEAU, safety director, Automobile Shippers. Inc., Detroit, Min - Membership--J. W. JACOBSON, director, accident control dS'v., F. J. Doutell Drive** co.. Inc., Flint, Mich. r ,, X f i t f l i t . H U G H ES. I . . ( l i l t . * MIIIIm I li I I l f l l M l I t i . l (III l.ilM I * Angrlm, (111.; II. M. LOWDF.N, |d.ml milcit (m, I'niihc lYhpttiHu* *'t IVIr ' gnipli co., Sati Francisco, Calif.; U. K McKNTLE, J(cnrral vilely iM.ntagcr, Denver Chicago Trucking co.. Inc., Denver. Colo.; R. O. OLSON, safely director. Dan Dugan Oil & Transport co., Sioux Falls,. S. Dak.; W. (*. TAYLOR, dhirrmrior,. p| ersonnel *#1 safe:lty., Kingsfty Truck Lines, Ine., Denver, t '!*. 1 Comsellaorris;: W. M. A1CIIER, employee relations, HD. S. jJBNrreewers FPouintdatlion, Itre. New York, N. V.; N. E. AIKIN, illirecior of industrial rclaait**mus, Commercial Motor Freight, |Inc., Columbus, Ohio; C. D. CALKINS, director nf safely, Pacific Motor Trucking co., cSan Francisco, Calif.; K. G. COX, chief, wrlimi 1/ motor carrier safety. Interstate Commerce Commission, Washington, D. C.; K. J. EMONI), ilircclor. autoiiiolivc safety, jArmuur and co., Chicago, 111.; W. T. GOWENS. director, safely and personnel. Pilot [Freight Carriers, Inc., Winston-Salem, N, C.; H. K. IIALIIROOKS, director, accident [prevention div.. National Automobile Transporters Assn.,!Detroit, Mich.; A. L. HAUCK, director, safety ami public relations. Transportation underwriters, Inc., Indianapolis, J. P. HIGHTOW ER, director of transportation and safely, The Greyhound Corp., [[Chicago, III.; If. R. HOSEA, director of research. National Assn, of Motor Bus .Operators, Washington, D. C .; M. IL JENSEN, vice president. Consolidated Freight[rays, Inc., Indianapolis, lud.; K. II. KELLOGG, secrclary. Milk tiiiliistry FomidatUm, ^Washington. I), C.; W. G. MACINTOSH, manager, engineering <lc|'U Hartford Acei- -fcnl and Indemnity co., New York, N. Y.; A. li. NKYItART, administrative head. The >'fcmisylvauia Stale University, University Park. Pa.; IL N. PAPICH, safely consultant, | imerican Ga* Assn., New York, N. Y .; I \ J. WIRKKN, director, safely and personnel, \ jplerstalc Bakeries Corp., Kansas City, Mo. ftrfrw iifitfitr; AL FINCH, National Safely Comicil, Chicago, III. Regional Chairmen: Central--J. H. WASP1, director ol safety and driver personnel. Allied Van lines, 1 Broadview, III. Esitrni--B. A. RENNOLDS, safety director, Virginia Stage Lines, Inc., Charlotl ville, Va. 1: i Southern--W. L. FRIGON, director of industrial relations, Hennis Freight lines, Winston-Salem. N. C Western--A. S. LOMBARDI, salety and personnel director. Western Truck Line, f. Los Angeles, Calif M rtnhrry-ol-lorp e: Central: E. M. BARBER, director of safety and personnel, Scherer Freight Lines, l l Ottawa, HI.; J. I* CANTRELL, safety manager. Milter Brewing co., Milwaukee, W sJ E. A. HATFIELD, safety director. Coca Cola Bottling co., St. Louis, Mo.; R. f MOS1MAN, director of safety and personnel, Riss fk co., Inc., Kansas City, Mo.; G. I ROSS, director of salety and compliance, Froicn Food Express, Dallas, Texas. E u lrm ; T. J. BIDDLE, administrator, motor vehicle safety, U. S. Post Office Washington, D. C.; W. A. DUFFY, director of safety and personnel, The Davids Transfer k Storage co.. Baltimore, M d.; C. E. EH REN BERGER, manager, opentii1 dept.. Standard Brands, Inc., New York, N. Y .; J. W. LUMPKIN, manager, let Railway Express Agency, Inc., New York, N. Y.; G. L. SMITH, assistant vice] dent, Motor Cargo, Inc., Akron, Ohio. Sosfiimi; W. W. CARTER, director, safety and personnel. Johnson Motor lines, I Charlotte, N. C.; IL R. GRANT. JR., safety director, Deaton Truck Lines, Bin ham, Ala.; J. E. REID, director of safely and personnel, Central Motor Lines, 1 Charlotte, N. C ; E. J. STEVENS, transportation manager, Atlanta Newspapers,! All? Ga.; II. T. WALTON, director, dcpl, of safely, McLean Trucking Wit Salem. N. C. 00031)' SB 5v 'olinnnt Safety Congress ) U o ' . l t t * Orrii/tfi/finui/ Health A'iir.n// Srriitm ivtn to this. In maintaining a sale however, all three must be given importance. c asphyxia has become an increasing in our nr tre complex industrial world, oves us a!1 to do our utmost to com bat i t As industrial nurses you can do your part by learning more about the f your own plant, and then by being ready to act immediately. By applying your I knowledge and skills you may be able to re* I store breathing and save human life*^<-jM NEW TRENDS IN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMS by DR. H. GLENN GARDINER itdicl director. Indiana Harbor Works, Inland Steel co., East Chicago. Ind. e inclusion of the words "trends" and " necessitate establishing a base (rom h to launch. identify the subject matter, 1 avoid highly technical changes in the complex ol chemistry generally and the atomic gjr area particularly. The more technical ft ol these special fields seldom con- ihe mine and lew physicians. Yet. the hi ol these developments is felt throughthe industry. oing back to the beginning trends in ipaiional health in 1937 wc wilt first di$- i the field of patient care. Few im|ori medications used then are still in use *y. Ol course, the principles of good. n, basic surgical care have not changed, r* antiseptics today were then new and I to prove themselves. Tetanus antitoxin widely uscl'. but their problem ol serum m ss and various other potential allergic viomcna attendant to its use are still with today. Immunisation of large groups with Mler shot follow-ups was not yet prnc- cd None of our present battery of dtcinorrapeutic and antibiotics were then availte. There were such things as antitoxins, nific antisera, vaccines of general and rrific types, the mysterious bacteriophages h! immunogens being used with hope, but e effectiveness never approached the sue rs we now routinely anticipate with our edicines. Many adjuncts of yesteryear are little red or unknown ' v. Similarly, the dis- aies they were lated to control are little known or rarely seen today: functional.^ knowledge of fluid and electrolyte balance * early postoperative ambulation, internal fixa- '] lion materials (metal alloys) used in bone surgery such as intramedullary pins and plates better tolerated by the tissues. Plastic and metal suture materials producing little or no tissue reaction are further examples of technical progress in traumatic surgery. Amphetamines and antihistamines have come into their own. WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION LAWS Secondly, 1937 was the year of legal awareness of occupational disease. For the first time industry and the business firms concerned with Workmen's Compensation were forced to lake cognizance of liability for ccrlain occupational diseases. The big bad monster was silicosis. How well I remember the fear and consternation in Industry and Casualty' Insurance Car* riers of Workmen's Compensation when leg* islation enforced these responsibilities. So little was known about the disease at that time. The widespread industrial exposure to free silica was fantastic. Some people predicted total bankruptcy for industry and the allied insurance people. Time and rea son have taken the place of fear. Silicosis is known, but completely con trollable in our modern industry by better housekeeping, improved handling techniques, substitution of safer, yet suitable materials and where necessary, the use of personal protective equipment. Management lias been compelled to change its attitude or be pe* liied by fogal action. Of (Sble working iditions as contrasted to] filmai legally ilowable conditions lave avorable aspects which pay off in tlielong run, both jdireedy and indirectly. Now occupational disease must embrace many things: the pneumoconioses, the der- jmatoies and the many toxic exposures. The `hazard of uncontrolled exposure of lead jfumes, benzol, carbon tetrachloride; beryl- ilium, cadmium, trichlorethylcnc; insecticides; and now more recently radioactive materials Save opened a INDUSTRY new field for exploration. FOLLOWED LEGISLATION ^Vfth the coming of O.D. acts, people *nalized the need for promoting occupa* tonal health programs n industry. The existing units in city, county and state health departments were expanded--new deprtments were established where none ex* trfed before Large industry found it ccommic to seek their help. Where the prob* lens were great and the demand exceeded tie existing facilities, some of the more fcresiglited industries developed their own programs. Large casualty insurance carriers responsille for the smaller industries pursued the course of enlightened preventive medicine beyond the field of simple mechanical prin ciples of safety. Other allied groups, dedi cated to saving life and limb created or ex panded such programs, notably, the National Safety Council, the American Medical As sociation and the Industrial Hygiene Foun dation. Pre-employment physical 'examina tions, including chest x-rays, were ,desirable in most Industries and a must to other. Selective placement became a reality to em ploy certain people without liability risks to employers. Occupational health was influenced by the effects of World War H. Even before the United States became an active participant, industry moved into high gear productionvise. The resultant attendant hazards were apparent and often resulted from constant demands for increasing quality, as welt as quantity. With active war declared, gov ernmental agencies were concerned both di rectly and indirectly in all plants handling war or defense contracts. Their concern was not limited to sabotage sir* but included development of new products and p ro c e ss. Industry produced large quantities of nigh quality products both old and ( f t O A d as expeditiously as possible with dpe regard to health and safety of the people nroducing. With the wartime economy, programs previously considered too expensive suddenly began. The cost plus war contracts /allowed the introduction of things long wanted ami considered worth while. In th e`health field particularly these programs wcrfl favored. WAR EXPANDED INDUSTRY SAFETY With tlie O .b. acts and World War If, occupational health came of age and gath ered momentum. The unprecedented post war prosperity has been a potent factor. The creation of new groups and expansion of old groups represent! physicians, nurses, hygienists, dentists and physicians. A board of occupational health as a subspccialty of preventive medicine with public health and aviation medicine has come into being. Spe cial training at postgraduate level is now available in a number of medical schools for special degrees certifying training and pro ficiency in tins field. Competition exists between the various or ganizations representing the interests of the professional people but it is a healthy, coo|erattve competition, adding to the accom plishments of each other and the ultimate goals of all. In the field of occupational health, safety and health are inseparable. Industry has learned that it is economic to give formal attention' to matters pertaining to health and 'safety. Large industries provide their own, small industries buy from or though insur ance carriers or groups providing medical, dental, nursing, hygiene, engineering or oilier applicable services. More professional peo ple are1 devoting part or all their time to problems related to occupational health than ever before. Permanent Impairment, lime lost front work and tliei mortality and morbidity of occupational origin is at an all time low per unit produced. fOur old problems are largely controlled, amflnew problems anticipated and minimized. Th*ose escaping temporarily are soon identified, classified and dealt with. More and ntor; (lie expert is called during the planning sl?ige. By this means tle recog nizable hazard in the new product or process . 15 \ ) 957 National So ftly Congress V ) \ \ 0003H) OecupajAnol Health Nut.* : a Si', /*. r it considered and often with great economic treatment and new techniques with present resentatives of joint iU jm ttee s of medical so despised- jh I principle by many of m advantage. The delay in marketing a prod medications hastens h u l k f tn lh less pro tpecialists and others lf lU releasing conclu There is no* mubt that there arc mam uct after discovering an unsafe process can duction time loss and less permanent im sions on the basis of 0 ggjAimt knowledge ' people JiSCfoHp of help from public 1nmU. be disastrous. Materials or procedures can pairment residual. Union Health Centers for guidance. We can not yet say with yet this scarcely constitutes reason for call- be altered when anticipating a toxic hazard are daily assuming a more important role reasonable certainty some of the things that i\*g upon Workmen's Compensation Iwnrfitv of intolerable scope will occur. in the health matters of the worker, his must be said and sustained before legisla aft the inimcdiate ex|*ense of iiidriMiy in family and the community. tion amends flic Worlcjnen't Compensation pay compensation for conditions tint cvttt CONTROL ENVIRONMENT FOR HEALTH F ar more nurses are employed in indui-i iws. | remotely related to the man*s jolt, simply Environmental controls by the engineering and occupational hygiene approach in the try and their presence and proper functions are better understood and supported by nun-, Workmen's Compensation is a means of providing a cost of living during periods because there is presently no other place vyherem money can be made available to t better organized plants give attention to agement. The need for lltcir collaboration, of disability due to occupational illness or him. Industry has been and continues to he minute details. Not only hazards, but nui with the physician responsible for the plant! jnjury and to offset the loss of future the whipping boy of our inadequate social sance problems receive attention. Dust, gas, health program is soundly established, hull taming capacity (based on past experience system as il exists today in the legal sense. smoke, fumes and vapors which may be a not practiced as closely as desired an manij -- tf the individual) o f a person permanently We must say something to discourage community, as well as a plant problem, are instances. m bipaired by occupational illness or injury. complacency, carelessness and the indiscrim I seen. The very presence of these things in Some states still provide little or no remedy inate use of wonder drugs, including tetanus some manufacturing processes may indicate EDUCATION AIDS O.D.- tndcr the law for the employee, and there antitoxin, the sulfas, penicillin and its de an inefficient or uneconomic operation, and W ith the advent of visual aids in In!' is a great disparity between benefits pro- rivatives and all the other chemical and correction would serve a multiple benefit. Also, under this general program are food ing and safety programs, we have the mol' advanced media for health education pur-' vHed in the states. Due to the lag in our kfislaltvc system, no state provides adc- antibiotic preparations. They are two-edited swords. There arc definite indications for available to workers, its preparation, han dling and disposition in a safe, clean, ap poses, for on-the-job and off-tlie-job actio- ; ties. These messages relate not only to Ik j qiately and probably never will unless a imre practical, flexible, realistic, applicable their use and definite contra-indications, and also a broad area of uncertainty where cood petizing manner, a place to eat, and garbage employee, but the various members of kit1 formula is legislated to follow the con judgment and experience must be died n ! and sewage disposal in a safe and acceptable family. Perhaps more familiar are tit stantly changing cost of living. To date wc have no rrasi'iiahlt- Mil*-tUnic fashion. Water pollution is often a greater prob health messages presented through payrd envelope inserts, bulletin board and variou Amendments to Workmen's Compcirca- for experience. The imli tli'*,c * .< tkn acts in recent years have done little lhrc dropt i* tryfcb^M*** - lem than air pollution. The sportsman ami tjiagazincs, newspaper and other media. Tk lo improve (he situation. In addition, the p|M*af l<c * ? '! the nature conservationist, backed up by trend is increasing utilization of servicer interpretation of the existing acts by po- hap, scituttiiit, c i '. i- e " : . ' laws, keep us alert to the dangers and dam through effective application of expert Hlicatly qualified, but otherwise umiualificd be taken lightly. As a mlc uln in *\ ages of polluting lakes and streams. Sani tary facilities, bath water, drinking water, knowledge in a broadening and growing fieM of specialization. representatives, have led lo widespread don't. Make your mistakes on the *:nr abuses which embrace the creeping socialism sidc.dk latinised as a convenience if general plant SOME CURRENT A SPEC T? O F MEDICAL QUACKERY area is hot and pest control, should not be TWENTY YEARS INCREASED PROBLEMS overlooked in the 'area of environmental control. A re alt of our problems solved? Not If ' %The rapid developments itT chemistry and a long way. Automation and industrial re physics are almost beyond comprehension. search and progress generally will see ltd Competition brings almost a daily announce this docs not occur. The eflects and aflcift ment of an improved product, something upon emotions and morale may create prob t that will do more for less and easier. With lems not easily solved. This has increasd by OLIVER FIELD this comes the problems of employees* dan the need for nurses, psychologists, physician and other specially trained personnel. Tbt director, Bureau of Investigation, American Medical Assn., Chicago ger in toxicity of products, its basic con- ponentg its by-products, its production tech newer drugs termed "tranquilizers** law niques, and also the hazard to the community, proven helpful when used judiciously. In discussing the subject of "Some Cur who. soon after graduation from medical the ultimate consumer, the consumer's neigh N o w -20 years after the O.D. furor 1 rent Aspects of Medical Quackery,** it is school, came to work as an editorial as bor and customers. Here we are talking 1937 are we facing a problem of similar perhaps advisable to consider the present sistant. But his own personal experience i, j* vabenoutst, tih.ee., phryedseronct adrbaoyn indseercivtiactiidveess, tshuechsoals sciozienciadnedntaslliymitwarc caorcn.cerNn?oiseStraanndgeolcycuapiad slitgahtutsoof fwphraettenhsaisongotnoe mbeedfoicrael, spkairltliciunla(rlliye ocafustehde heivmilstoofItcqguiiatcakecryrusaandde othfe exvpenoasluirtye in the rubber and synthetic rubber industry, tional deafness right now is a very major Airing the past half-century. of a large segment of the "patent medicine" and the radioactive materials, (jciger count ers arc now as commonplace to the hy gienists as was the impntger a few years ago. V pre-employment physical exatnitutioi ` being carried out. Fewer injuries concern of many industries, businesses aid casualty insurance companies, similar to tlw near-panic from the early version of silicosis Recently wc learned a great deal about noise and its harmful effects on human hear ing. There is still a great deal to b *'anted The Bureau of Investigation has been functioning for more than 50 years as a dearing-liousc of information on matters in this category. The Durcau was started as a department of the Journal o f the American Medical Association, partly be industry. . 11At almut the time this physician arrived an an employee of the American Medical /t^socialion, the Congress passer! the fir-t f*.irc Food and Drugs Act. The examph * |fiat we have of "cures" and products and per produced are encountered. Earlier Some of the early hysteria is aba ^tp cause of the zeal of the young physician their labeling in tl 'ays tllurdralc the U. T V t9$7 Noi*v~ol S a fety Congress changes that have come about, particularly by the passage of the I9J8 Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. NO INFORMATION SOURCE Before the passage of that Act, which, among other things, requires the revelation of the active ingredients on the retail label, there was no source except perhaps the Bureau of Investigation to furnish the medi cal profession and the public the informa tion. Books, pamphlets and reports in the Journo! itself constituted the media whereby Dr. Arthur Cramp did his very effective work. Before the discovery of insulin by Banting and Best of Toronto, there were a good many diabetic quacks. Tltcir principal prod ucts were diuretics. Their claims were broad, their performance woefully inade quate. Today, however, it is in the field of cancer that the particular interest of both the public and the medical profession lies. In a period of 10 months wc counted, in a little more than 4,000 inquiries, more than 1,000 on the subject of cancer "cures" and treatments. The example that we have here, particu larly the Hoxscy cancer treatment, and ex amples of the methods of promotion, make it evident that over the years the quack has learned by experience that he is ever so much more effective wticn he hides behind religion and when he sells tire public on the claim that he la a marlyr to medical perse cution. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HELPS The federal government, in flic agency of Ihe Food and Drug Administration, lias sought for several years to stop not only Mr. Hoxsey, but others, one of whom is particularly known in Vancouver, namely Dr. William R Koch, wlto began his pro motion from Detroit in 1919. Although Dr. Koch has been ordered by the Federal Trade Commission to cease ad vertising that any of his preparations has 0 0 0 -U H ) i FFICERS OF THE any value in bny disease category, his ccssors, the Christian Ms W Reseat League of Detroit, continue to tell T} oxylide" for $25.00 for a 2 c c ampl Glyoxylide is labeled to be a one I#| trillion aqueous dilution of several alle ingredients. It is not at all surprising All no chemist has been able to find anytlul in the ampule but water. (I OCCUPATIONAL HjEjALTH N U RSIN G t SECTION I NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 In other fields Ihe quack capitalizes sbmrrwl M im s ^ Y C R K A ^ A S K IIH A , R.N., Owens "IHnoia, Claas Containar -Dtv., the advancements of science. We have, h i Streator 111. 1 example. tle products alleged to be n U ' , active, which originated in the United S b ll|ttr Chairman--DOROTHY ARMSTRONG, R.N., Peoples Gat, Light & Coke Co., at least, in the mid 1920's. These were sA Chicago, III. as rejuvenators and "cure-alls." Some la no radioactivity whatsoever, others w eg Chairman 6r Membership Chairman--BARBARA BOREN, K.N., Ansul Chemical dangerously radioactive. The modernd Co., Marinette, Wis. application is the uranium-mine promoAo " This lias liad the benefit of publicity ai hmbership Committee: MARY E. BLANEY, R.N. Charmin Paper Products Co., Green large patronage In Montana, California, Bay, W is.; MRS. HAZEL LEEDKE, R.N., Tliilmany Pulp & Paper Co., Kaukauna, several oilier states. iWia. The same is true of the radio. Wb . _ ,, ,. .. . . . . _ _ #. ,, .... radio became popular in Ihe 1920's, a O KP" U ,, t r J<lor--DOROTHY FUNK. R .N , 1-alls l'apcr Co., Ocoulo Falls, Wis. forma physician. Dr. Albert Abrams, a fngram Committee: H APPY BRUDER R.N., (Chairman), Saks Filth Ave., Chicago, nounced his "E.R.A.M--Electronic Reaclic jf m . H ELEN MERCER, R.N , Dodge Mfg. Corp.. Mishawaka, lnd ; PAULINE r d ^ T X b T n d t'l T '> L L E R . R-N , Fairbanks Morse Co, Beloit. W i,.; MRS. JO SE P H IN E JOINER, disease had "vibratory" rates. Abrams h * JLN Southern Bell Telephone & Telegraph Co., Miami, Fla. many Imitators, among wlmm "* cW Committee: MRS. MURIEL KNUPKE. R.N., National Biscuit Co.. Chicago. Dr. Drown claimed, also, that she cm ) III.; MRS. RUTH McCARTHY, R.N., National Broadcasting Company, Chicago, 111.; diagnose from a drop of the blood, h 1 JOANNA ANDERSON, R.N., Blue Cross-Blue Sliie'd, Chicago, III. l J g t S T d f c V M ' . M V Committee: MRS. MAREN STANLEY. R.N. (Q ,airm an). Union Carbide of Chicago. , Corporation, Chicago, HL; ERNA MAYRER, R.N., . 1. du Pont de Nemours & Co., There are many other categories in wbi y Antioch, Calif.; MRS. JOAN TIM KE, R.N., American Medical Assn., Chicago, III.; the quack flourishes--in the field of redu t MRS. HAZEL LEEDKE, R.N., Thilman Pulp & Paper Co., Kaukauna, Wis. ing preparations, artlirilis and rheumatic cures, rejuvenators, the special dietary food Twul d id i Committee: MRS. VIRGINIA W HALEN, R.N. ( Cluuniwn), Liberty Mu- and the cure-all gadgets. It was Volt tual Insurance Co., Chicago^ lit.; MARGARET CARNINE, R.N., Trailmobile Inc* who said that the quack wa, born when Ih Cincinnaiti. Oliio; MRS. FRANCES COLWELL, R.N., Eastern Airlines. Miami. Fla.; ofifrstInkvneastviegamtioent tlhiaes fniresvterfoaocl.cepTthede fBlouarteagi MRS. MILDRED MOORE, K.N., Bur. of Nufring, III. DcpT. of Health, Chicago, 111. an adequate definition, feeling that if th 0f-the-Job Committee; VERNA PASKUNA, R.N. (Chairman), Owens-Illinois Glass person had some knowledge, it would I Container Div., Streator, lit.; HELEN RElSCHLt) K.N., Employers Mutuals of more difficult for the quack to fool bin That is the premise upon which Ihe Bureai Wausau, Wausau, Wis. has operateci, and hopes lo operate in th Medicai Advisor to the Section--ARTHUR K. PETERSON, M.D., Medical Director, future.- R. R. Donnelly & Sons Co., Chicago, 111. | Staf Representative--JANE S. WEIR, R.N., National Safety Council, Chicago, 111. horse Advisors to the Section--'JOANNA JOHNSON, R.N., *MRS. HAZEL LEEDKE, R.N.; *MRS. JOAN TIMKE, R.N.; ERNA MAURER, R.N.; *MRS. MAREN STANLEY, R.N.; MRS. BERNARD1NE BARHOP. . General Chairman 18 It 19 JD National S o ftly Congress * ) ) 0 0 0 -1 0 1 lion of the necessity to sn ily u more -vnpletelyf Does this mein that employees don't take pecific action because they don't analyze lopcrly or because their evaluation of the arard leads them to believe that nothing ouch serious can happen to them or be* use they think they might be censured *or being too cautious or taking too tong o do a job? These are some of the questions for which e are now seeking some answers. We lon't have them yet, but we are working on them. In conclusion, we feel that injury index is a step forwai prevention activities. It has helped m our sights on the gda) of preventing Injsri rather, than solely on the prevention of k of time from work. It may not be t ultimate solution to the injury prevenlii problem, but it is a step in the right dir tion. In addition, the use of the Operatic Research group adding its time, efforts a talents to the safety problem has beat pi ductive and will be more so In the futu FFICERS OF THE ry ' ft*-.**' PETROLEUM SECTI NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 m raf Chairman--PARKER C. FOLSE, safety dept., Socony Mobil Oil co., Inc., New {York, N. Y. \1e-General Chairman--WM. F. BURRIS, Phillips Petroleum co., Bartlesville, Okla. feretory--P. G. WILSON, American Petroleum Institute, New York, N. Y. Stef Representative--L. C. SM ITH , National Safety Council,' Chicago, III. Vue-Chairman jar Production and Drilling--S. ROSS CARR, Gulf Oil corp., Houston, Tex. OFF-THE-JOB ACCIDENTS Vice-Chairman fo r Marketing--GEORGE B. BLACK, Sun Oil co., Philadelphia. Pa. Vice-Chairman for Pipe Lines--A. L. GARNER, Gulf Oil corp., Houston, Tex. I Statistics are such borcsome things It's carelessness in little things ^ice-Chairman for Exploration--A. ROSS ROMMEL, Humble Oil & Refining co., And figures rather dull. At home and on the street Houston, Tex. It's hundreds, millions, billions, trillions. Neglect in moving objects small ^utChairman for Manufacturing--G. J, GERHARZ, The Pure Oil co., Lemonl, III. Over which we mull. But facts are facts where 'er we go Regardless of amounts, Away from running feet. A makeshift ladder, sliding rugs, Electric cords tliat spark Vice-Chairman Off-The-Job Safety--L E E F. DOUGAN, Sinclair Oil & Gas co., Tulsa. Okla. Torman Atlantic Division--A. J. BALDWIN, Ethyl corp., New York, N. Y. So here's some facts on accidents, A disregard for cellar stairs UvmanM id-Continent Division--II. P. BRADLEY, Service Pi|*e Line co., Tulsa, Okla. And that's what really counts. And stumbling in the dark. Upbinmin Gutf Coast Division--QUINCY V, TUMA, The Texas co., Houston, Tex. It isn't always big machines With blades of sharpened steel That rob a man of arm or leg And make his senses reel. Nor Is It always "on the Job" Most accidents take place. But just the opposite is true And figures prove our case. Crossing where no crossings are While looking at the sky, Driving on a slippery road With milestones whizzing by. Tlicac are the things that lake a toll \y all ahotild frown upon So watch for them when off the job, As well as when you're on. sj Uiman Great Lakes Division--A. E. JOH NSO N , safety director, Illinois Farm Simply, .! Qucago, III. J InrmiM Pacific Coast Division, M. T. HAMILTON, General Petroleum corp., Los J Angeles, Calif. ilannnn Engineering Committee--II. E. WATTERS, Pan American Petroleum corp., Oklahoma City, Okla, wma* Visual Aids Committee--R. 1) KIJERLY, Standard Oil ct>. (Indiana), Chicago, m. samum Contest and Statistics Cammittce--JOHN L. DuFON, Socony Mobil Oil co., lac.. East Chicago, Imi. --Mumble Pipe Line Company, Houston, Utalll, Commlllre--DU. . . UK 1CVIC, Simularti Oij co. (Indiana), Chicago, 'letter Editor--HARRY BRITT, The Atlantic Refining co., 'oft Arthur, Tex. af Newsletter Editor--G. F. STEDNITZ, Universal Polvchcm Mfg. Division of M H .U * ^ a l Oil Products co., McCootf, 111. 4ft j* 5 - % 1937 A ),'/ S a fety Congress K e s e a r c h a n d A d v i s o r y C o m m i t t e e --*C. H. L IN D H tR G (Chairman), co, independence, Kan.; *FliED CLAIUORNE, Pali Amerii Tulsa, Okla.; *J. H. McKENZIE, Socony Mobil Oil co., New1 PcLAUNE, Cities Service Refining corp., Lake Charles, La.; *WAL Oil co., Marcus Hook, Pa.; *C. D. ATTAWAY, chief safely ical corp., Marshall, Tex.; *W. O. W ILSON, Standard Oil co.V*( FARRELL, Shell Pipe Line corp.; *D. A. KLEM ME, Pan American' *W. I. KENT, Magnolia Petroleum co.; *J. HOW ARD MYERS, T ing co ; ). L RISINGER, Socony Mobil Oil co., Inc.; *H. T. M Petroleum co.; #F. R. McLEAN, White Star div., Socony Mobil Oil MILLER, The Texas co.; . J NOUF.MANN, Shell Oil co.; *J. H Water Associated Oil co.; *H. W. UOGGESS, Sinclair Prairie OKEELAND, Lone Star Gas co.; *K. U. ROAPER, Humble OU GERALD O. LOCKWOOD, Contii consultant; *E J. SENNE (Retired). Past General Chairmen SO fe f ! ! s * 9 ) t II I I I t I It I I I i f ) * i 1 I' X * t I l . * J 1 . 1 ) JCER5 OF THE RINTING AN D PUBLISHING SECTION I NATIONAL SAFETY COUNClj. 1957-58 ft Chairman--WALTKK K. SM IT H . manager, employee activities ami fairly, R. R, ndttj & Sons co., Chicago, HI. *ki Clhairman--KI'.NNICTI t Y, U M UKUliKH, |*crsomvl manager, King?*purl Per**. Kingsport, Terni. ' , PlVf Chairtmin--PAUL L. O'NKII.I., |>crs*iiiicl ;tt^ safely director, Kami Me* A co,, Hammond, 1ml. | -DAN H. GROTHAUS, safely director, McCall Curp., Dayton, Olii*- Editor--1GORDON If. UOSMKKG, Fairly director, Krhtrr McCall L Co., 1. Newsletter Ldifor--KARL SIM PSON, Jit,, director of safely and industrial K holding Paper Uux Assn., Chicago. III. Program ( haintiun--CIIAULKS SI IA PI KO, manager. educational d*i*t.. l-itliokic Technical foundation, Inc., New York, N ,Y. > ' OOOdO'i * i vj mr * .lw / S m fety C o n g rtsi arc lo work, in company with tlicir fore man, who would point out tlie safe and efficient way to do the job. The foregoing orientation and safety education program ti obviously not sug gested for boomers or drifters who will hit the road with their first paycheck. Rather it is intended for the "home guarda** w ho can be expected to stay on the job long enough to justify the time and money expended on them. It would be followed up at intervals w ith evening safety education sessions using audio visual aids. Since the sverage 20 to 24. minute film teaches more lessons than can be ab sorbed, combining the running and re running of short sections of a training film with the discussion-conference tech nique, is advocated. As an example, the K ang Motion Picture Company ol Sos reproduces the sound-color film MHdn Logs** which they the Mil Columbia, Pacific Northwest wood Loggers Associations In m inute sections. T hey publish a filmgij of questions and answers for each and a " Conference Leaders* Maat accom pany the films. The small operation, or the < whielt new men come singly, pfM more of a problem. However the lange jeettves of orientation and safety cfc lion, accomplished by individual A sioit, rather than group session*, . improve labor relations and M i woods safety. This Is only a prctmfc to the most important on-the-job training under a safety-minded visor, ' 0 0 0 0 `! Q - 1 t ,. * LFICERS)OF THE ) r * PULP AND PAPER SECTION \ NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 J f: / ml Chairman--EAKL F. RIPSTRA, personnel manage#. Container Corp. of America, Q, III \ rhairman and Program Chairman--R. (. IIELKNAt', iicrsonurl manager, flcmts Hn>. Co, East Pepperell, Mass. titer Editor--GEORGE R. MKRRIMAN, safely coordinator, Internaltonal Paper Soutliern Kraft l)v,, Mottale, Ala. j td Membership Chairman--IJ. V. IIII.L, sitftdy ilim lor, The Mead Ci>n., I iporl l)iv., Kingsport. Tcnn. II MEMBERSHIP REPRESENTATIVES Lakes--*ARTHUU CARLE, safely director, The NortInvest Patter l*n., iTmiuei. <uf--*H. P. HEUBNER, insurance manager, Tlic Flintknte Co., New York, South--*DALLAS E. HENRY, safety coordinator, Snullirrii Advance l*:ig tlion, Continental Can Co., Inc., Hodge, La.; I* CHANT, tctary-cugutccr, The Oulario Pulp A Paper Makers* S.d i> Asm, !* i**, (Hu ids; Atidivest--'FRANCIS H. WAC.NKR, director f ^afn%. Ihc M .l t*p. the, Ohio; IVest--ROBERT M. GILMORE, general sfet> su|trrvisir. Ray- r, Inc., Hot|niam( Wash, Advisor--DR, A. P, ASSELSTINK, medical director. Spruce Falls Power ami Co., Lid., Kapuskasing, Ont., Canada. Projects Committee: Chairman: GORDON B. LEMKE, research engineer, Em- s Mutuals of Wausau, Wausau, W is.; LAMBERT LOUY, safety director. Cun* Corp. of Ameiica, Chicago, III.; *A. E. MINOR, safety supervisor. The Ontario* >ta Pulp and Paper Co., Ltd., Kenora, Ont. Canada; l>. L. EISENACH, safety tor, Minnesota amt Ontario Paper Co.. International Falls, Minn.; RUSSELL K. safety director. Tle Crossctt Co^ CrosseIt, Ark.; ROSS K. SCOTT, assistant e tecretary-ciiginecr, The Ontario Pulp ft l*n|cr Makers* Safety Assn., Toronto, Canada; FORREST )v KI MM ELL, safety ft medical director, SiilhcrlaiKt Paper Kalamazoo, Mich.; HARRIS K. WILLIAMS, assistant coordinator of safety. :rn Kraft Div., International Paper Co.; Pine Bluff, Ark. Committee: Chairman: A. SCOTT DOWD, president. Fritz Publications, Inc., 111.; *). FRED BERRY, general insurance manager, Alton Box Board Co.; III.; *HARLEY It, GOODRICH, uiaiutenance engineer, Strathmore Paper Co., Springfield, Mass.; JAMES N. CONAWAY, manager of safety ft plant prolcc* Industrial Dept., Scott Paper Co., Chester, Pa.; *FRED O. SOUGHTON, scrv* I safety supervisor. LongLac I'ylp ft Paper Co., I Id., Terrace Bay, O ut, Canada; ADAIR, coordinator of safely activities. Pacific Coast Assn, of Pulp and Paper fadurers, Portland, Ore. | 61 1 If WOOD LOGGING DIVISION I t*sion Chairman: FRANKLIN LAKRAUEI, assistant director of personnel--Wool] limit, St. Regis Paper Co., Uucksport, Maine ,blt(ohon Committee: Chairman: T. C. DONNAN, safety supervisor. Spruce Fal] Power & Paper Co., Ltd., Woodlands, Kapuskastng, Ont., Canada; LEO ST. DENI) woods employment supervisor, Abitibi Power & Paper Co., Ltd., Iroquois Falls, 1 Canada; EDWARD C. CORDON, stall forester, Louisiana Forestry Commission, Bat( Rouge, La. ijmoI Aids Commiltet : Chairman: R. C. HAMMOND, safety engineer. Employers lusts of Wausau, Dultilli, Minn.; II. GORDON DARRETT, safety inspector, Ontario Paper Co., Ltd., Tliorotd, Ont., Canada; CARL G. STRICKLAND, assista wood procurement manager, Gaylord Conlainer Corp., Die. of Crown Zellerbach Coq Dogalusa. La.; PAT RE1TEN, personnel manager, Simpson Logging Co., Portland, ( ULF MANUFACTURING DIVISION liiniiM CAsinNon; HARRY J. HAHN, safely supervisor, Hainmermill Paper Co., Eii| Pa. 'Mirafiow Committee: Chairman: W. 1). BALLINGER, safety coordinator, Brunsw* Pulp & Paper Co., Brunswick, Ga.; ROBERT W. WOOD, staff safety supervise Kimberly-Clark Corp., Ncenah, Wis.; JAMES E. EMMERICH, safety director, Mo nee Paper Mills Co.. Mosince, Wis. 'iniol Aids Committee: Chairman: CHARLES R. HAGAN, safety manager, Oxfoi Paper Co., Romford, Maine; OTTO WAGERS, safety supervisor, Tlie Champs* Paper and Fibre Co., Pasadena, Tex.; P H IL IP L. DANDRIGE,`safety coordinates Sonoco Products Co., Hartsville, S. C ; SAM BLACKWELL, safety supervisor,.01 -Mathieson Chemical Corp., Forest Products Div., West Monroe, La. PAPER MANUFACTURING DIVISION Division Chairman: ROBERT J. GELL, staff assistant, Paper Mills Div., Eastman Kodd Co. Kodak Park Works. Rochester. N. Y. j PMieation Committer: Chairman: MERLIN C. RACE, safety director, St. Regis Papg Co., New York, N. Y.; M. C. M. POLLARD, director of safety. National Gypsum (a Buffalo, N. Y.; A. E. TOPMILLER, safety supervisor. The Champion Paper *nf Fibre Co., Hamilton, Ohio; RALPH E. MYERS, safety supervisor, Chillicothe Div. The Mead CorpL, Chillicothe, Ohio. | Visual Aide Committee: Chairman: GEORGE A. LaIIUSEN, general safety supervnoi Crown Zellerbach Corp., Portland, Ore.; JAMES M. PINKSTON, JR., personnel I safety supervisor, Crossett Paper Mills, Crossed, Arlc.; HARRISON J. DAYSR| secretary. Industrial Relations Committee, American Paper and Pulp Assn., New York^ N. Y.i FRANK C. IIARMON, employment manager. Hollingsworth & Vose Co., Well Groton. Mass. PATER CONVERTING DIVISION -, Division Chair V. P. COULON, safety director. The Scalright Co., Inc.. Fulton, N. Y. tf : Bg Monufo%..*nng Committee: Chairman: HAItOLO HEWITT, assistant (tcrsoiuid manager. Demit Bro. Hag Co., Peoria, III.: JOHN T. WAUREN, director o( training, St. Regis Paper Co., Pensacola, Pla.; CHARLES H. MASON, safety Sr training director, Robert Gair Co., Inc., New York, N. Y.; TOXIE R. TRIM, safety director, . Gaylord Container Corp., Div. of Crown Zcllcrbach Corp.; Bogatusa, L a.; ALBERTO CHIPCO, safety director, W. KLGrace & Co., Lima, Peru, S. A. ' i- Bs Manufacturing Committee: Chairman: CARL J. LAMBERTH. personnel manager & {safety supervisor, Container Corn, of America, Chattanooga, Term.: DR. KARL F. 'SIM PSON, JR., director of mdiBtrial relations ft safety, folding Paper Box Assn, of ; 4America, Chicago, 111.; JACK WALL, personnel manager, Grand Rapids Milts and ^F olding Box Plant, American Box Board Co., Grand Rapids, Midi.; HENRY KVIN- \ ITUS, safety director, Cornell Paperboard I'rodmi* Co., Milwaukee, Wis. Kofmg Manufacturing Committee: Chairman: 11. R. MESLER, JR., safety director, Tlic jjRuberoid Co., New York, N. Y .; R. J. PRESTON, safety supervisor. The Philip ''-Carey Manufacturing Co., Lockland, Cincinnati, Ohio; FRED INGHAM, assistant ^Insurance manager, The Flintkote Co., New York. N, Y. | * | halation Manufacturing Committee: Chairman: HUDWIN J. LEE, safety director, .Wood Conversion Co., Cloquet, Minn.; AMOS S. KEEN, manager of safety. Per- |ionnel Administration Dept., Armstrong Cork Co., I-ancastcr, Pa.; M. F, MATTSON, 'Safety supervisor, Insultte Div., Minnesota and Ontario Pa|cr Co., International Falls, Minn. Sfrckflux Manufacturing Committee: Chairman: HAROLD E. TEBO, personnel su|iervisor, Baryta Div., Kodak Park Works, Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, N. Y.; JACK HARTLEROAD, safely director. The KVP Co., Kalamazoo, Mich.; WILLIAM A. ! STRACHAN, plant manager, Fibreboard Paper Products Corp., San Francisco, Calif. OFMHE-JOB SAFETY DIVISION Dhsrio* Chainnan: LEO M. SHAW, manager, C & C Plant Services, Carton and Con tainer Div., General Foods Corp., Baltic Creek, Mcli.; *KENNETH L. FAIST, coordinator of employment and safety. The Champion Paper and Fibre Co., Hamilton, Ohio; CARL W. BEHNKE, district engineer, Hartl .rd Accident and Indemnity O k. Grand Rapids, Mich. Staff Representative--ROBERT CURRIE, National Safety Council, Chicago, IIL Put General Chairman. ! \ts { I \ ) Utionol Softly Congress 'I HCERS olf THE t terminal is at Meadville, P i., where chairman of the division superinT safety committee. (All such activih< railroad comes within the juris- of our superintendent of safety), re 400 employees In 16 sub*departtlut are contacted each month at lions where they can be readily asd. The committee is made up of the -partmental heads of the local opera* PROGRAM SET-UP chairman sets dates for meetings and i the members, as well as sends noto all departments for bulletin board f. The notices carry the time for the n |t and the subject matter to be cond Diversified material is used; howonly one subject it taken up each I., eg.-- view of preceding year*! safety posters, king on safety rule books and their i age. >per clothing and health protection, anksgiving, Christmas, New Years, or njr special holiday can provide suitable "Ptct for safety talk, as well as the easunt of the year, vacation, school ipoting, etc ice a year a motion picture on safety is shown and the following month a discussion on the film creates interest, ery possible angle that can be used ttp a fast-moving, 20-minute, safety ng on the chosen subject is employed irate human interest, car the close of each sub-departmental ing. a short discussion period is held a status report on items brought forj from preceding month's meetings, litional items requiring attention are ited and only safety items that cannot Immediate correction are considered for the summary report given to the division III superintendent. Handling in this m j *1' list of items is kept to a minimum -*-i elude those requiring further study and laj a few instances require appropriations which j must be approved before corrections can! be made. DIVIDED INTO GROUPS The functioning of the committee is aim* W pie. Ordinarily there are 12 members who make the rounds and this number is di vided into three groups of four members , each, referred to as Groups A, B, and C | Alt members present themselves at the first > location. Immediately with the start of this meeting, or the subsequent meetings. Group *. A moves forward to the next location to assemble employees and introduce any pre- T Itminary feature or arrangement In anticipa- P| I tion of Group B. % The talk or message is handled by Group |il D as are the discussion periods. Instances > where more time Is required than the sched- *fl uled 20 minutes. Group C slays on to clear up safety items that become involved during the discussion period. The success of the meetings depends greatly on a functional and well-balanced schedule, and the divid ing-up of the Committee into the three groups has been very effective. The primary objective of the work of this committee Is to encourage employees to actively participate in the safety program to correct the causes of accidents, and help correct unsafe practices and conditions re gardless of department which becomes in volved. In this safely promotional work, maintenance of equipment and stores opera tions are so involved with the safety of every department that it Is felt greater bene fits are obtained through a committee repre senting atl operations. Possibly this pro cedure would be of value at other railroad term inals.^ RAILROAD SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL^ 1957-58 I Chairman--J. LLOYD, Jersey Central Lines, Jersey City, N. J. t Chairman--L. C. HAHNEY, Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Railway co., Joliet, III. pfary and News Latter Editor--F. C LEW IS, The Pullman co., Chicago, III. oaf# News Letter Editors: lilM lhoil--H. C. DAULTON, The Louisville & Nashville Railroad co., Louisville, Ky. W eet--P. H. JENNER, The Western Pacific R.R.co., San Francisco, Calif. I CmJrol--J. E. SLAVEN, Chicago, Burlington fit Quincy R .R . co., Chicago, 111. le u f --J, L. BABCOCK, Bangor fit Aroostook R. R. co., Bangor, Maine loeuMtvttf--G. K. KNIGHT, St. Louis Southwestern Railway Lines, Tyler, Texas IjpModo--J. G. BELDHAM, Toronto, Hamilton fit Buffalo Ry. co., Hamilton, Ontario iwlws Liaison Committer--W. Cl LARAWAY (Chairman), The Delaware fit Hudson (IL R. corp., Albany, N. Y .; A. V. ROHWEDER (Vice Chairman), The Duluth, IjUissabe fit Iron Range Ry. co,, Duluth, Mum.; G. W. KLSTE The Baltimore A Ohio pR. R* co., Baltimore, Md.; G. C. STROMSOK, Atlantic Coast R. R. co., Wilmington, l'N. C ; J. R. T il EXTON, The Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad co., Hoboken, 5 N. J .; D. E. MUMFORD, New York Central System, New York, N. Y. desi and Statistical Committee--D. P. RUSSELL (Chairm an', The Canadian Pacific Ry.* Montreal, Quebec: J. P. KOLOC (Vice Chairman). P'tnois Central Railroad, Chicago, lit.; 1). W. NAFF, The Norfolk and Western Ry. co., Roanoke, Va.; F. REYNOLDS, Boston A Maine Railroad co., Boston, Mass.; W. C. LAWAWAY, The Delaware and Hudson R. R. corp., Albany, N. Y. ; J. L. BABCOCK, The Bangor and rooslock R.R. co., Bangor, Me.; O. W. SMITH, Grand Trunk Western R. R. co., ^Detroit, Mich.; C. A. UIKGE, Mtssouri-Kansas-Tcxa$ Lines, Dallas, Tex. Sound Committee--R. S. JAMES (Chairman), Denver A Rio Grande Western R. R. co., Denver, Colo. ; E. H. BLEWER (Vice Chairman), New York Central System, {'Hew York, N. Y.; H. CONNOR, The Baltimore A Ohio R. R. co., Pittsburgh, Pa.; B. A. GRUBBS, The Norfolk A Western Ry. co., Roanoke, Va.; C M. SCHAEFER, The Chesapeake and Ohio Ry. co., Richmond, Va.; G. R. KNIGHT, St. Louis South western Ry. Lines, Tyler, Texas; M. A. NUGENT, The Southern Pacific co., San Francisco, Calif.; J. W. THOMPSON, Seaboard Air Line R. R., Norfolk, Va. ay Railroad Crossing Committee--R. S. JA M ES,(Chairm an), The Denver A Rio Grande Western R. R. co., Denver. Colo.; G. M. DEMPSEY (Vice Chairman), Chicago, Milwaukee/St. Paul A Pacific R. R. co,, Chicago, I t i ; W. II. ROBERTS, The Chicago f It Northwestern Ry. co., Chicago, III.; G. W. ELSTE, The Baltimore A Ohio R. R. ox, Baltimore, Md.; C; M. SCHAEFER, The Chesapeake A Ohio Ry. co.. Richmond, Va; E. W. HOBBS, Missouri Pacific Lines, St. Louis, Mo.; J. P. KOLOC, Illinois Railroad, Chicago, 111.; G. C. STUOMSOK, Atlantic Coast Line R. R. co., ^gtou. N. C. a% 4 \ O0-the-fob Safety Committee: R. P. HAMILTON (Chairman), St. Louis- M`l Surfifrancisco Ry. co., St. Louis, Mo.; C. M. KIMBALL (Vice Chairman), Southern Ry,jBy*., Washington, I). C : F. L. DUGGAN. Atchison. Topeka and Santa Fe Ry. O U l K o d U^ySjkfChicago, III.; E, H. BLEWER, New York Central' System, New York, N. Y.; k ly C Iir BLUE, Chicago A Eastern Illinois R. R. co, DanvMIc, III.; H. C. DAULTON, : i | T l^jtouisviU e A Nashville R. R. co., Louisville, Ky.; JOHN I). WATT, The Motion- Cr i M Connecting R. R. co., Pittsburgh, l'n. ' * T 33  J O 0 0 -H ; 'V J f OF THE ) >OL AN D COLLEGE CONFERENCE IATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 fo r Schools and Colleges--LOWELL I). FISHER state chairman North lociation for Colleges and Secondary Schpols, University of Illinois Urban*. \he Conference*-ZEN AS K. CLARK adinmtslralive assistant, Wilmington >ols, Wilmington, Del. fo r Elementary Education--VICTOR/ E. LEONARD, principal. North too), Greenwich School Ilist riel. Riverside, Conn. i fo r Secondary Education--NORMAN GORE, assistant superintendent of tstn r, III. fo r tHgher Education--JOHN W. 1IILL, director. Workmen's C om pete nce, Texas A St M College System, College Station, Texas. for Driver Education--AMOS K. NEYHART, administrative head, Inslitdc Safely, Femisylvania Stale University, University Park, Pa. fo r Supervision and Speciol Areas--IVAN J. STEHMAN, chief, Dtv. of md Safely Education, State Dept, o! Public Instruction, Harrisburg, Pa. VYNE P. HUGH ES, director. School and College Division, National Safety icago, III. S NtOGRAM COMMITTEE iLIBOR W. KRALOVEQ Philadelphia, Pa. >V1N E. H O UR, University, Ala. AYTON W. D E M ENT, West Lafayette, Ind ; O. J. DORR, Fond du Lac. f S. GABLE, Pittsburgh^ P a.; JAMES J. G RIFFIN , Chicago, lit.; JO H N C. Davenport. Iowa; FRANK B. JEW SON, Superior, Wts.; RICHARD K. Eismarck. N. IT; CHARLES J. KRAFT. Jr.. Brooklyn. N. Y.; \V. D. IN, Nashville, Term.; HELEN MANt.KY, University City, Mo.; PAUI. iKS, Bloomington, lud.; LESLIE R. SILVERN ALE. E Lansing, Mich.; . STANGEL, Milwaukee. Wis.; MARTHA C STEVENSON. PhtiadclFOIfN L. VICKERS, Fraukrort, Ky.; MARY MAY WYMAN, Louisville. YEAGER, Sioux City, Iowa. lathe--VIVIAN* WEEDOX, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. I PROGRAM COMMITTEE | >UKE ELKOW, M a ii^ r. Wis \toff Representative--MARIAN TELFORD, National Safety Council. Chi- m Members--MARK J DONDERO, Cambridge. M ) ; FITH1AN S. F. Ky.; LONNIE GILLILAND. Oklahoma City. Okla.; DEVONA Dayton. Ohio: JOHN T. HAACK, Davenport. Iowa; EARL D. H City; RALPH M. HENDRIX. Columbia. S. C ; JOSEPH I? Park. Pa : STANLEY McKEE, Highland Park. III.; MARY RAP$ N. Y.; J. J SMALTZ, Manhattan. Kans.; A. P. SMITH. JR., J " ` E SPENCER. Malden. Mass.; JOHN TAMMERYN. Tampa.* WHEELER, Louisville, Ky. IU 9 CONGRESS RROGRAM COMMITTEE CAoirwum---MAY HAZARD. Hamtriunck, Mich. SerrWory--A. L. CUNNINGHAM. Cary, Ind. Members-H O M E R ALLEN. West Lafayette. Ind.; FJTHIAN S. FAR Ky.; HARRY D. FLETCHER, University Park, Pa.; JOSEPH G water. Fix; R. W. fONES, Keokuk. Iowa; HELEN K. KNAND D. C ; RUTH JEWELL. Raleigh. N. C.; IIAROLD A. SEEK AMP Ky.; GLENN F. SIIUPE, Springfield. Ohio; DARLEEN BELL Nashville. Tern.; IIERTIlA TRUNNELL. Louisville. Ky.; LESTE St. Louis. Mo.; ELIZA CALLA5, Kensington, Md. Staff Represmtatit/e--DANIKL P. WKIISTER, National Safety Council, DRIVER EDUCATION SECTION Gemerai Cftairtnan--AMOS E. NEYHART, University Park. Pa. immediate Post Gementi Chairman--EDWARD R. AURAMOSKI, Eric; P PiYr-CAoiYffW--RUSSELL I. BROWN. Des Moines, Iowa. Serrrlory--THOMAS A. SEALS. New York City. Staff Representative--IVAN L. ELAND, National Safety Council. Chi ELEMENTART SCHOOL SECTION V Chairman--VICTOR E. LEONARD, Riverside, Conn, t; Pice-CAoirwon--STAN LEY W. McKEE, Highland Park, 111. SYcrefary-THELMA STOKES. Ajo, Aria. Staff Representative--VIVIAN WEEDON, National Safety Council, HIGHER IDUCATION SECTION Genervt Chairman--JOHN W. HILL, College Station, Texas Staff Reprtsentaliv* --DANIEL V WEHSTER. National Safciy Council,' i SAFETX IOUCATION SUPERVISORS SEO IO N Gene' /mm 171 ~ h a irm a n -IVAN J. STEIIM AN, Ilarrishurg, Pa. Post G e n e r a l C h a ir m a n --CECIL G. ZAUN, Los Angeles, Calif. rmaii--HAROLD K. JACK. Kiclimcml. Va VIRGINIA W HEELER. Louisville. Ky. tsttUaiive--CHARLES A. FRENCH, Nati ) 000408 5. t'S J \ r* ? Council Chicago, 111. INDUSTRIAL ARTS ASSOCIATION-NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL COMMITTEE j N ALD PETERS. Arlington, Va. 1 i 'peesentotiv*--WAYNE P. HUGHES. Director, School and College DIvwmmi, Safely Council. Q iIoir^ III. r VOCATIONAL ASSOCIATION-NATIONAL SAFETYi COUNCIL SAFETY COMMITTEE J, E. T E POORTEN, MadiiuHi. Win. ( etentotivr--WAYNE P. HUGHES, Ilircclor, School and (ollcf l>ivision, il Safety Council, Chicago, III. RY COMMITTEE lYTON W. DE MENT. Lafayette, 1ml. -ARTHUR F. BRANDSTTTEN. E. Irnsing. Mich. -JOHN MORRIS. CIiani|iaign, III. nsenlative--D ANIEL P. WEBSTER, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. JION COMMITTEE i--JO H N W. HILL. College Station, Texas. Steering Committee--J. DUKE ELKOW, Madison, Wi*. tentative--DA N IEL P. WEBSTER, National Safely Council, Chicago, III. SCHOOL SAFETY HONOR'ROLL COMMITTEE I--ALFRED L. PAPILLON, CUfeggO, HI. LS, P. D. DEVIL, Sacramento, Calif.; RUSSELL I BROWN, De Mon**. L CUNNINGHAM, Gary, Bid.; MAY F. HAZARD, I lami ran*, Mirti ; JEWELL, Raleigh, N. C ; WALTER D. LADI), St. Imc|h, Mo.; FOR REST (G, New York Lily; GEORGE P. SILVER WOOD, Green Bay, Wi*. tative--JVAN L. ELAND, Naliinul Safely Council, Chicago, 111, i tOMMIUtE ^ IERBERT ]. STACK. New York City. I iJeftitf--DANIEL P. WEBSTER, National Safety Contini, Chicago, R- ) 93/ Notional Safely Congress 1 trol. Once a year on (Itc last Sunday before July 4, a "Safely Sunday" is held in the stair. In rnn|>cralioii* with (he Okla homa City Ministerial Alliance, the Highway Patrol prepares a kit of sermons, talks, messages and other material which is dis tributed to clergymen and others who take part In "Safety Sunday." This effort is non-secrelarian and highway patrol officers give sermons on traffic safety on this day. Clayton Hess of Ilie California Highway Patrol described the California program to combat drinking and driving. A special pro gram each December is aimed at curbing the dangers resulting from Christmas office parties. A variety of material is prepared including posters, leaflets, and special alienlion-getters such as a reaction timer. W arren Taylor, health and safety dept, manager for the U. S. Junior Chamber of Commerce, discussed a project conducted Hy a Jajrccc chapter in whirls a newspaper offered a prise lo assy driver who could slop his car within 50 feet traveling at 35 m.p.K Tlic challenge was printed n the paper under a picture of burned lire marks on a pavemenl. Taylor reported that no one claimed the prize. Thomas G Hempficld of (he Mansfield (Ohio) Police Department dcscril>cd a poItce-spomnrcd, city-financed "Safety Town" for prc-ncliofil children. Children are taught traffic safety both in classrooms and in a miniature "town" with streets, sidewalks, traffic signals and markings. P. W. Craves, safety Inspector for tmental Motors GotpJ flMuskegon, described Isis company's traffic safety gram which Includes bulletin board carton cards, outdoor potters for | tots, place mats In the company and full-page ads in (he local ne Dan Hollingsworth, director o l IbeJ lioma City Safety Council, told of tig lUliing and distributing of a t manual m Oklahoma City. Linda Shuler described a Idcvisiou gram called "A fterm ath" which has a great deal of interest in Dallas. H g gram takes an actual traffic case and tires it using real people, real judfi police, rather than actors. W. J . Sturm of Hardware Muted Stevens Point, Wis., described a safety project held in Stevens Ppiat1 the cooperation of llie local taxi cal paiiy. Tlie calm carry while flap wiA Green Cross for Safely. If occurs anywhere in (he city, all lie carry a red flag for 48 hours. If a accident occurs, the cabs fly a black for one week as a constant reminder ti community. Mark Mark son, Minnesota Highway! told of a summer camp maintained kty! American Legion for the training of patrol guards. Uoili boys and girls < tend a one week course at the camp vjfl is fully equipped with camping facilit as 000-50!) - 66 ) fFtCCRS OF THF ) TRAFFIC SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957.58 mmi Chairman--M ATTHEW C S IH S K I, director, safety and traffic engineering (dept, Qiicago Motor Club, Chicago, III. I( M Kir# Chairman--BERNARD R. CALDWELL, commissioner, California Highway I Patrol, Sacramento, Calif, ( mud Kir# Chairman--JO H N MURTAGH, chief justice. Magistrates Court, New York, hr* y. E d Ktr# Chairman--JAM ES M. SLAV IN, thief of |K>lice, Kalamazoo, Mich. wf Congress Program Committee 7iiiiriiiii-),'l)VvO\lti) R. KLAMM, manager, ncciEfet prevention dept., Allstate Insurance co., Skokie, 111. mahtrskip Committee Cfiairmnn--DAVID M. BALDWIN, executive secretary. Institute b l Traffic Engineers, Washington, l). C Hhkrr at jargt: RAY ASHW ORTH. director, Northwestern University Trallie Innbtvte, Evanston, III,; RICHARD O. BENNETT. automotive division, Acetdml & Eire (Prevention dept.. National Association of Automotive Mutual Insurance companies (Chicago, 111.; T, N. DOATK, manager, accident prevent drpl., AssorLilfon of Casually lA Surety companies, New York, N. Y. ; l*AUL K. HUKKK, executive director, Maty- Efand Traffic Safely Commission, Baltimore, Md.; HENRY W CI.I-MENT, m iriM tr, htfumcipat Court, Plainfield, N. J.; NORMAN DAMON, %t*r pc*.lri,. \ *. ** cSafety Eoundatiou. Washington, D. C .; M. R. DARLINGTON, l i t , m UInter-Industry Highway Safety Committee, Washington, D. C .; RUVIAN* I. III NM FRICK, judge, Cily Court, Shrevcporl, L a.; K. II. HOLMES, dc|*uty commissioner, I f S. ( b e a u of Public Roads, Washington, D. C .; JO SEPH M. KAPLAN, sccreiarvR a m p r, Greater Los Angeles chapter. National Safety Council, L n Angclrs, Calif.; (NASON LADD, lean. College ol l~iw, Stair University <*f Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa ; lUIKTON W. MARSH, director, traffic engineering and safety department, American (Automobile Association, Washington, D. C. ; RALPH A. MOYER, rrsearcli prfessor, clailttute of Transjiortation and Traffic Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, BCalif. ; HALL IE L. MYERS, executive director, Indiana Traffic Safety l;oihwi, Qialanapolis, In d ; TIM O TH Y J. O'CONNER, Commissioner of Police, Chicago. HI.; GM. W. FLETCHER, Traffic Safely Association of Detroit, Detroit, Midi.; R. C. (SALISBURY, director, safely division. Motor Vehicle Department, Madison, W is.; EDWARD SCI IKM)T, commissioner, Deportment of Mtir Vehicles, Raleigh, N. (*.; LCORDON SHEEHK, director. Highway Traffic Safely Center, Michigan State Unirvmity, East Lansing. Mich.; JO H N D. WATTS, Judge of Recorders Court, Detroit. gUich. M u Dixrision Rcprrsrttlitfh'cs: BERNARD L, GARMIRE, chief. Police Department, j Tucson, Ariz.; IIAROLI) W. SULLIVAN, Icputy chief. Police Depart ment, Los jpAa|el?s, Calif. M r C#hd Representatives: J. J. QUILLIN, judge, Municipal Court, Portland, O re.; XrlfORJNS ROSENTHAL,, judge. Municipal Court, Si. Louis. Mo. E f Central Chairmen: J. E. P. DARRK1-L, dirertor. Traffic anl Planning, Minnesota RKgliway Department, St? Pant. M inn; ROBERT E KALKIGII. ( itirros Traffic BSafety Ubard of Metropolitan Chicago, Chicago, Illy bribryJ'-DANlKL G. REYNOLDS, director, TraTic Operations division. Traffic ami RtTnmportation department. National Safety Council1, Chicago, HI. 67 ' ' -* H / I i / 4 rt \ i t* I , 000410 < |f 11* FFICERS OF THE [1 TRANSIT SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 rat Chairman--D. U WILLIAMSON, supervisor of accident prevention, Cleveland f Transit System, Cleveland, Ohio. kr Chairman^]. GODFREY BUTLER, directoi} of personnel and labor relations, D. C. |>,Transit System, Inc., Washington, D. G diate Past Centrt Chairman--JAMES S. OSBORNE, president and general manager, [ Cincinnati, Newport & Covington Transportation Co., Newport, Ky. I crefnry--JO E V. GARVEY, general manager, Harrisburg Railways Co., Harrisburg, I'a. |fml<riA Chairman--J. M. BUSBY, JR., safety director, Memphis Street Railway Co., \ Memphis, Tenn. I tram Chairman--ELMER R. SCHUEMANN, superintendant of transportation and l! afety, United Motor Coach Co., Des Plaines, 111. jttmbers at Large:--CARL J. ANDERSON, personnel director, Milwaukee ami Suburban Transport Corporation, Milwaukee, Wis.; HOWARD M. BAKER, safely diirtinr, f; Montreal Transportation Commission, Montreal, Quebec, Canaria; R. DEWEY CAS SELL, general manager, Safety Motor Transit Co., Roanoke, Va.; TYR ELL ESTEP, safety director, Indianapolis Transit System, Indianapolis, Ind.; PAUL J. FANNING, ; director, Bureau of Personnel and Safety, San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, San Francisco, Calif.; BERNARD G HAMEL, supervisor of personnel, safety and welfare, Quebec-Autobus, Ltd., Quebec, P. Q., Canada; CHARLES E. REISER, superintendent of transportation Chicago Transit Authority, Chicago, III.; VAN COURT LUCAS, administrative assistant, American Transit Association New York, f N. Y.; LEE MILLS, director of safety, Gndnnafi Transit Co., Cincinnati, Ohio; PAUL W. MOYER, general superintendent, Lehigh Valley Transit Co.. Allentown, I* Pa.; J. W. PRUTSMAN, safety Erector, Los Angeles Transit Lines, Los Angeles, < Calif.; MACHLIN E. STERNBURGH, director of safety. New York G ty Transit l Authority, Brooklyn N. Y.; PATRICK S. SI ROIS, safety director, Miami Transit , Co., Miami, Fla.; II. SUDDERTH, safety director, Dallas Transit Co., Dallas, Tea.; C R. SYPHER, manager. Safety Engineering Department, Transit Casually Co., St. 1 Louis, Mo.; RALPH T. TA LB O T'^nfety supervisor, Phoenix Transit System, I Phoenix Arts. ; ELLIOTT A. THIEL, director. Accident Prevention Columbus Transit Co., Columbus, Ohio; J. L. WEEKS, general supervisor of safety, South Caro' lina Electric and Gas Co., Columbia, S. G Ctmseiors:--M C. BULLOCK, supervising engineer. Transit Casually Co., St. Louis, * Ma; COLIN DOBELL, director. Transportation Safely & Training, B. C. Electric | Co., Vancouver, B. G. Canada; ARTHUR J. NAQUIN, safety counselor. New Orleans Public Service, Inc., New Orleans, La.; H. W. WHITCOMB, superintendent 4 accident prevention, Philadelphia Transportation Co., Philadelphia, Pa. jlls / Representative--CHRIS IMIIOFF, Motor Transportation Division, National Safely c Council, Giicago, 111. } 39 ) jfO O D PRODUCTS SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 V- i *; ? Caural Chairman-- R. C. CHILDRESS, National Dlililferi Products corp., Cooperage div., Memphis, Twin. j Viet Chairman and Program Chairman--HERBERT A. LADW1G, Employers Mutuals of Wausau, Wausau, Wis. Hem Letter Editor--F. S. PERRY, B. C. Lumber Manufacturers Assn., Vancouver, B,, C , Canada. , Secretary and Membership Chairman--T. E. NORTH, Alaska Pine and Cellulose Ltd., Vancouver, B. C., Canada. f HGIONAL REPRESENTATIVES Great Lakes-- *ROY E. JOHNSON, Kroehler Manufacturing co., Kankakee, III.; East-- SETH JACKSON, safety officer, U. S, Forest Service, Washington, D. C ; South-- HARRY LAFFERTY, Nicker Brother,. Inc., Memphis Tenn.; ComuI*-*W. M. ALLISON, B. C. Lumber Manufacturers Assn., Vancouver, B. C., Canada; West-- ROBERT M. GILMORE, Rayonier Inc., lhw|m;im, Wash. Engineering Coordinator--ARNDT SKONNING, woodwork engineer. Western Electric co., Chicago, 1)1. 5vmi//tnp Committee;--M. H. FELL (Chairman), Edward Hines Lumber co., Hines, O re; R. M. DINW IDDIE, branch accident prevention manager, Employers Mutuals of Wausau, Portland, O re ; E. A. Roles, Weyerhieuser Timber co., Longview, Wash.; A. F. REIN WART, T. H. Mastln A Co., St. Louis, Mo.; Advisor to Committee-- W. M. ALLISON, B. C. Lumber Manufacturers Assn., Vancouver, B. C , Canada. Upping Committee: PAT REITEN {Chairman), acting personnel manager, Simpson Logging Co., Portland, Ore.; JOHN T. ATKINSON. B. C. District Council No. I, I.W.A., Vancouver, B. C., Canada; HUGH D. LARKIN, J. R. Simplot Co., Boise, Idaho; W. E. LYNN, Hiram Walker & Sons, Inc., Cooperage Div., Peoria, III.; PROF. J. KENNETH PEARCE, College of Forestry, University of Washington. Seattle, Wash.; Advisor to Committee--*JOE T. DUNLOP, Dierks Forests Inc., ' DeQueen, Ark. Veneer and Plywood Committee: GORDON MERCER (Chairman), Algoma Plywood and Veneer co., Algoma, W is.; H. CHANDLER DREW, Medford corp., Medford, Ore.; B. E. KELLEY, United States Plywood corp.. New York, N. Y.; H. F. MAPSON, Canadian Western Lumber co.t Fraser Mills, B. C , Canada; BYRON M. OYSTER, Weyerhaeuser Timber co., Tacoma Bldg., Tacoma, Wash. [I UU4 Furniture and Mifhvork Committee: THOMAS H. FREDRICKSON (Chairman), * Anderson corp., Bayport, Minn.; ROBERT L. RICHARDS, Ameriran Seating Co., Grand Rapids, Mich ; V. K. ANDERSON, Kroehler Manufacturing Co., Binghamton, N. Y .; Advisor to Committee--*JACK DUNMAN, The Menge! co., Louisville; Ky, ! 43 I T tj r tiU . )A M a n u fa c tu r in g C o m m i tUr--FRED L. SNODGRASS, safety dept North American Rayon Cocp, EliiabetItion, Ten.; U. J. COLLINS, American V! Corp, Nilro, West Va.; GUY BOOKER, safety su|tcrvitior, Clicmstrand Corp., Ptna* cola, Fla. * Social Advisory CommilJrr--NElL NELSON, American Mutual Liability Insurant co.f Manchester, N. H .; HAROLD F. HAYDEN; JOHN J* BURGER. W. Dickey 9c Sons, Inc.. Oetla, Mil.; *11. S. BAUCOM; *W. B. WEAVER, Spray, N.C MISS FRANCIS BETHUNE; T. A WILSON, Textile Insurance co., High P<d N. C ; GLENN G. FLEMING; H. E. WILLIAMS; C J. HYSLUP, director, Outliam Manufacturing co., Elkin, N. C.; CHARLES L. TROI safety supervisor, Moliasco Industries, Inc., Amsterdam, N. Y. Sta Rryrnmtativ*--J. E. CROUSHORE, National Safety Council, Chicago. Part Central Chairman. t l 46 ) V * 0 4 * 1 f V ] t * % 0004X3 \