Document LnwxOazQzEpVV5Ga8o3mO9Ew
FILE NAME: Welding (WELD)
DATE: 1995
DOC#: WELD031
DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Excerpt of Consultant Report - Evaluation of Asbestos-Containing Welding Rods for Asbestos Release
D e po sit io n :> ex h ib it ,
EVALUATION O F ASBESTOS-CONTAINING WELDING RODS >
FO R ASBESTOS FIBER RELEASE
)
John H. Dement, Ph>D.f CIH
Lori Todd, Ph.D., CIH
Courtney smith
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Hatch 14, 1995
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Duke University Kedical Center Department of community a Family Medicine Division o f Occupational & Environmental Medicine 2300 W. Hein Street, Suite 700, Bett 2914
Durham, North Carolina 27710
>
T
WELDING ROD ABRASION TEST `4I
Uachgr^md
A test of asbestos-containing welding rods was performed under controlled conditions to
determine if asbestos fib ra are.id eased into fbe d r from handling and abredoo. Welding
rod samples were first tested for asbestos tad nca-asbestw fiber content by having i bulk
sample o f the rod coating analyzed by Ttansmiatow Bectma Microscopy (TEM) and Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM). Welding rods found to be positive for asbestos content were selected and subjected to the abrasion, test. In addition, one set of welding rods found not to contain asbestos was .tested as a negative control of toe experimental procedure, Testing involved bumping and rubbing two identical welding rods together in a small chamber for approximately 15 minutes while air samples were collected inside the chamber. Br tkgrouad air samples were obtained between each test.
Abrasion Test Design
Asbestos fiber release was tested using a customized Plexiglas glove box Sited wilt high
uficiwicy particulate air (HEPA) filters. (See Appendix,C, Kgure 1.) The glove box is sir
tight except for access po ts and filtered air intake and exhaust ports. Prior to each simulation, the glove box was thoroughly washed, and the sir inside toe glove box purged for
l i nduutes using a high volume exhaust system. All ale entering and leaving the glove box \>t: HEPA filtered. Purging of toe glove box was perfonned to'reduce ambient paniculate
levels.
Per ench set of experiments, all accessary materials were placed Inside toe glove box in
fW:'.'.td p la n e bags.' This inducted two sets of air filiefr (one for toe background air sample
and one for the tost sample), toe.welding rods to be tested, and clean-up materials. The air
Lutv.pling pump was
with a ''Gil&rator' air flow calibrating device before and after
f j .sampling using an identical c&biatou filter '(madced'&r calibration only) so as not to .
c: r.xmioate the sampling filter with ambient air. How rates of approximately 12 film per
. i.'-L-ui; -were used for all samples. To. confirm that toe air inside foe glove-box was free of
etjestus fibers, a background air sample was collected'for 20.minutes before (eating each set
t?'..'i.lSing rods.
' .. ,
Ju&i prior to the initiation of toe welding rod experiment, toe air sampling pump was turned ol. The two identical welding rods tobe.tested were then removed from the plastic bag and v. u j bumped and rubbed against each other for spproxiroately 15 minutes, After the rods L.c been bumped togethex for 15 minutes a small mixing fin was turned on foe 5 minutes e~u,, `Join turned off. The mixing fan was used' in order to enhance air mixing within the
Ur--box, Air .sampling was performed /or a total of 30 minutes. The glove box was
cli.uisi, purged with HEPA filtered air, and re-cleaned before being used for testing the next sji ,ti :.-ods.
All d r samples were obtained using 25 mm diameter sampling cassettes fitted with mixed cellulose ester filters. Samples w e analyzed for asbestos using Tnaiismknoa Electros Iwiaoseopy (TEM), 40 CPS. 753 Subpart B, Appendix A, and Phase Contrast Microscopy (CM), NIOSS 7400.
W eldipf Rod* T tret
S
2he welding rods subjected to the ahmico experiment were two Hobart 010 (batch 109), two Wesdnghouse 6011 (balds 107), and two partially burned asbestos containing received from Dr. Tames MUette cfMVA. Analytical data focr the tods tested are given in Appendix A, The Wesdsghous 6011 (batch 107) rods were found not to contain asbestos and were
between the teats of rods containing asbestos. Ibis was done as an overall control of
C:j testing, chamber dean-up and malytkal procedures.
I ! -,,ids Preparation and Analysis
Lc."pies were prepared the above protocol for the abrasion test; I k How rates and total sampling time fo r each filter cassette-are outlined below in Table 1. (Cassettes 1 and 2
\n :t used only for calibration and were not analyzed.)
Table 1: Sample Preparation Data
TO Description
ft
.... * Background
Start Flow, Lpm
End- Average Flow, . .Flow, Lpn Lpm
12.29 11.29 . 11.79
4 Hobart 6010 faith W)
11.29 10.39 10.84
V* Background
12.05 12.51. 12.28
; -1 Westinghouse 6011 faith l i07, twodH&i)
! 7 1i Background
. .
p Used for calibration only
1 n : Partially burned rods
' <wrvd from Dt, MUttt*} -
t
{ ;o | Field blank * wnbieot air
12.63 12.44 12.27
12.49' 12.56 12.27 .12,36
12.84 . 12.56
Sgmplfca g time,
m in
20.0 30,0 20.0 30.0
20.0
30.0
Tote! air
volume, liter 235.8 325.2 245.6 376.8
247.1
376.7
TTa ured filter cassettes were covered with duct tape (to prevent their coming apart), numbered, and placed in individual sample bags. They to re scat via Federal Bxprew to ''"'rials Analytical Service!in Attend and wereanalyzedth a t by the method* mentioned, tirder Abrasion Test Design,*
SSSBlil
Specifics of the laboratory analyses and result* are included in Appendix 2 . For each set of asbestos containing tod* tested, the phase contrast data, for tha test detected fiber concentrations in excess of background. The stouten test'uttng the non-asbestos rod found no asbestos fibers or structure* by TEM.thus confirming that the chamber was free of u^taioinaiion, Highest TEM coiu*rtottoni were observed for the partially used rod* with v. reuueatratioa of asbestos itructores by TEM of 1.231 ftructsres/ce. The partially used -.riding rods were much more friable than the unused rods and geaenfied tigm fim tiy more tiv a m e asbestos fibers.
..'Uc! idenfificafion by TEM demonstrated that the fibers-genmfed by the abrasion tests were chrysolite. Filter blanks and chamber background samples collected prior to each experiment uiu u>t detect the presence of chrysotiSe nor did the test conducted with non-asbestos uj,stiiuing welding-reds. Therefore, the fiber concentrations rneasmed are the result of iwsr* released from, the w ddiagiodi. Electron. micrographs of typical asbestos structures c>;,r,cived in this sample are shows In Appendix B.
1
> APPENDIX A
WELDING ROD COATING ASBESTOS ANALYSIS 'RESULTS I
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MATERIALS ANALYTICAL SERVICES INC.
PRESENOS OR ABSENCE ANALYSIS
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DATE:
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SAMPLE ID:
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j MATERIALS
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OPTICAL DATA FOR ASBESTOS DENTTHCATON
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06 December 1994 .
John Dement, Ph,D. Duke University ModlcsJ Center POBox29K 220CfW.-Main Suite 700 Durham,'NC 27710.. .
Rk Welding Rod MVAProject No,'1CS4
D ear1Jo h n :
' "'
Enclosed pleasefindthreewelding rodswhichwere partiallyburned in our controlled experiment They contain s^prctdrnsWytwopercent ofchrysoffie asbestos byweight Please ran ffyou haveany questions.
Sincerely,
JRM/sw Enclosure
M VAtbc. Vfifmaryiygfa; 7
,. 06 December 1994 t
John Dement, Ph.0. Duke University Medical Center PO Box 2314. 220tfW.-Maln Suite 700
D u ttam ,N C 27710.. .
Rk Welding Rod MVA Project NO.-10W
Dear'John:
'
Enclosed please find three welding rodwhich wen psrtiaBy burned In caff-
controlled experiment They contain appradmately two percent or ch^sotfle asbestos bysveight Pleasecall Ifyouhaveanyquestions.
. Sincerely.
JRM /sw Enclosure
.pyRatgcTwoaooaarn
THcpbone 404-662-6503
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U V ^Inc,
5500 OiterooK Partway, Suite 200
Nercross, Georaia 50093
(404)6624509
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PUSBBSTOSftKALYSlS
KVA f t 0685
Client Ness, Motley, loadhott, Richardson
8 Poole
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Sample IDft D2917 "
ClientSample DOf t 129
Macroscopic Description: Whitewelding rod
l A sb esto s M inerals:
Chrysotile
Amoslte
*
Crocfdolitft
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Anthophyliite Asbestos "
TremoIfte/ActlnoGts Asbestos
Other Fiber 2% Glass Fibers -- Cellulose . *- Synthetic Fibers,
Other
-- -20%
-- '
Total Asbestos
-2%
Rliers/BlndersnHpment % -78% I
Fillers/Bindere/PIgment Identified:
!i
Mlca/Verrrtlculto
w Pedhs/Pumlce
Synthetic Foam Gypsum
m Carbonata Pigment-
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Other
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Comments: >
Analyst: _ Bill Turner
Datei 12/27/93
'SPfiCJECTM0 5EUE>m T
> APPENDIX B /
LABORATORY DATA FOR WELDING ROD ABRASION TESIS
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March 9 ,1 9 8 5
Me, Courtney Smith Duke University Medieal Center Division of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 0*2814 Durham, NC 27710 Dear Ms. Smith: We have completed our analysis for the eight air samples that we received on March 4 ,1 9 9 5 . Our results for the anaiysls are enclosed. Please do not hasistat* to give me s cell after you have had a chance to review the date, Sincerely,
William &n.cmgo, Ph.D. President WEL/mac
ii^CVAs* wtiuwrti *faxojonwsii
AHilUiWfan iS7 Pubny Uc Mil lie NecoMt, G*rsbXDra
COOHUSO 7AX00 HM-US6
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M ATERIALS ANALYTICAL SERVICES
Project: Duke University Medical Center f
WAS No; M* 12582
Date.:
March 3,1885
.
Phas Contrast Microscopy
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0.032
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N/A (Field Blank)
Transmisin Bpctren Microscopy
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< 0.013
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0.010
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