Document Lgk3RGnGBZE7oqvOojB38ar0d
HEATING VENTILATINC AIR CONDITIONING GUIDE .1943
Example 5. Fig. 4 shows a typical down-feed layout with three risers extending eight stories and with the fixtures noted on each floor. This will be solved assuming that the level of the water in the house tank is 30 ft above the fixtures on the top floor, that the
length of run from the tank to the farthest fixture is 200 ft, equivalent length of fittings 100 ft, and the pressure required at the fixture is 7 lb.
The 30-ft head is equal to a static pressure of 0.43 X 30 or 12.9 lb per square inch and
to maintain a pressure of 7 lb at the highest fixtures the drop allowable in pressure is
12.9 -- 7.0 lb or 5.9 lb. As the total equivalent run is 300 ft, this is a drop per 100 ft of
1.97 lb, or practically 2 lb. Therefore, all risers and mains from the top floor back to the
tank must be sized on the basis of a drop of 2 lb per 100 ft. Tables 5, 6,7 and 8 show the
schedule for Risers Nos. 1, 2 and 3 with the maximum flow taken from Table 1, the per
centage of use at the peak taken from Fig. 1, and the probable flow at the peak worked
out for each portion of the riser. Riser sizes are taken from Fig. 2, using a drop of 30 lb
per 100 ft except on the riser from the top story back, to the tank where 2 lb per 100 ft
is the allowable limit.
\
Since down-feed risers, are nearly always sized for a pressure loss of 30 lb per-100 ft, it is possible to-arrange useful sizing data in tabular form. Fig. 5 shows a typical down-feed riser for a 20 story building.. Table 9 may be used for sizing such a riser of any height and for any probable flow up to 250 gpm.
Table 6. Typical Calculation op Pipe Sizes on Down-Feed Rises with Flush Valve Watek-Closets and Ukinals
(Riser No. 8. Fig.,4)
Floor op
Bldg.
Fixtures
on - Floor
1st 2nd.
I W. C.
2'W. C. 1 U. 1 Lav.
3rd 4 W. C. 2 U. 3 Lav.,,
4th 4 W. C. 2 U.. 3 Lav.
5th 6 W. C. 4 Lav.
6th 6 W. C. 4 Lav.
7th 6 W. C. 4 Lav.
8th 6 W. C. 4 Lav.
Gpm ' PER , Fixture
45 45 30
3
45 30 .. 3
. 45 30 3
45 3
45 3
45 3
45 3
Maximum Gpm
on Floor
Maximum Gpm on Riser .
UsageT (per cent)
Probable Flow in
Riser Gpm
Allowable Drop
Lb per . 100 Ft.
45 45 100
45
30
90 30
3 . .............
123 168 58 98
180 60 9.
>
30
249 417
180 60
9
31 130
30
249 666
270 12
24 \ 160
30
282 948
270 12
19 v ISO
30
282
1230
' 16
270 12
196 .
30
282
270 ' 12
1512
14 211
30
282 '
1794
12 215
2
Pipe Size In.
IX
1M
2
2
2
2X .
m
4
830 .
CHAPTER 46. WATER SUPPLY PIPING AND WATER HEATING
Table 7. Typical Calculation of Pipe Sizes on Down-Feed Rises with Flush Valve Wates-Closets and Ubinals
(Riser No. 8. Fig. 4)
Floor of
Bldg. 1st
3rd 4th
5tb 6th 7th 8th
Fixtures on
Floor
1 S. S.
3 W. C. 1 Lav.
2 Lav. 3 W. C. 1 Lav. 1 S. S.
1 s. s. 1 s. s. 1 s. s. i s. s:
Gpm PER Fixture
4 45
3
3 45
3 4
4 4 4 4
Maximum Gpm ON
Floor
Maximum Gpm ON Riser
Usage (per cent)
Probable Flow in
Riser Gpm
4 4 100
4
Allowable Drop
Lb per 100 Ft
30
Pipe Size
In.
X
135 3
138 142
6 - 148
63 89 6f 90
30 IX 30 IX
135 3 4
142 290
41
4 294
41
4 298
40
4 302
40
4 306 ` 40
119 120 120 121 \ 122
30 30 30 30
2
2 2 2 2 3
Table 8. Size of Distbibution Main foe Down-Feed Systems (See Fig. 4)
Riser No.
1 2 3
Maximum Gpm Riser
1038 1794
306
Maximum Gpm Main .
1038 2832 3138
Usage (per cent)
18 9 9
Probable Gpm
- -187 ** '255
282
*
Allowable Drop
Lb per 100 Ft
2 .2
2
Size of Main In.
4
5
It should be noted that the two top floors in Fig. 5 are sized for less than 30 lb per 100 ft. Regardless of the height of the riser being.sized, the two top floors of it should be sized from values given for the top floors of Fig. 5.
HOT WATER SUPPLY PIPING
The same basic principles used in the design of cold water piping are also applicable to hot water systems. Hot water, like cold water, may be distributed by either up-feed or down-feed systems.
It is common practice to provide circulation in a hot water supply system so that hot water may be quickly available when the faucet is opened, -If this is not done,, it is necessary to drain all of the cold water from the' lines between the faucet and the heater, before hot water can be obtained.
Three common methods of arranging hot water circulating lines are illustrated in Fig. 6. Although the diagrams are for multi-story build ings, arrangements a and b are also used frequently in residences.
A check valve should be provided in the runout from each return riser to prevent temporary reversal of flow in the line when afaueet is opened.-
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