Document LgQOk0m0rErqNbNvmqx04kB4w

GRACE Construction Products Division December 4, 1986 TO: FROM: SUBJ: McKay Pugmire/CPD Libby G- E. Poling LTEV Idea cc: R. J. Bettacchi P. M. Keeffe W. J. McCaig/CPD Libby J. M. Ramsey J. W. Wolters Thank you for the idea for using LTEV as an asbestos replacement in valve packings The Specialty Vermiculite group is aggressively pursuing numerous asbestos replacement applications using vermiculite in various forms including; expanded, ground, LTEV and dispersions. I have forwarded your idea to Paul Keeffe, Sales and Marketing Manager for Specialty Vermiculite for evaluation. I expect Paul will be in touch with you in the near future to discuss your idea further. GEP:mg 10002948 CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS DIVISION IDEA RESPONSE TO: IDEA INITIATOR McKay Pugmlre FROM: IDEA MANAGER ___________ G. E. Poling IDEA NUMBER V-8 DATE RECEIVED 12/1/86 IDEA LTEV or Vermlcullte as an asbestos replacement In valve packing and other specialty gaaketa. TYPE OF IDEA IDEA FORWARDED TO Q STRATEGIC MOVE Q NEW BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT Q COST REDUCTION Q OTHER Q CURRENT BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT EVALUATOR P. M. Keeffe DATE SENT 12/1/86 FEASIBILITY ASSESSMENT DUE DATE I 1/15/87 JMR/bac IPR-3/jmr2 10002949 .A 'fro PE,k<l 3, L Qizm+ner SiW Jo <?/|^/% A$6&t>rz,<' C <*<> 1%)IIA12?>) ^krjjh piAv <]^ <^5^//t / 25 ^>oi/)L 10002930  4 f0; A\cOH6> /HC.ISWY tsPrcg? : kJo\j 2 o , < ^ 2 L> ; U\g\j op vA-v A-s> AU ^ui0xr(-rnn" m PfrciCirJh ^ onteTZ- ^Pt-rc/A-cry ioou.ld orrt&fZ optS^fA'LTH' &cat r. t>otJT pHJotsJ rHtfr c-\2^(T ^ t 6/fUP J /M2gr/t- PoE- m.^: " o>'- oTET'-' f P^/frrv *jm . t*JU I'T 6c^7vA -THPt TK-eklT P; a- KlUsr&<!2- Oi~ Aur^ , e:S=peZ|/H-^V' f*j tKi \rti>berT /mok.^ Y ^JMtrK-c: o^e: op win TSrvnAt:im-rv\<2. c r^rn rJr~ /Hrk/:ML6 C/^C-gC-^tO'- <f 2 #P>!') 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ArttfU C-E> ". ; iHe^cr /> A pi2piii_ejm tx>r-!iPoi.'^E; i=Kivy,[Por"rsiT'_ r^>^-*c TO MZr\CJ 4- ftyzooiT A /'-PI'-M T-J Or- 6. e/f C MTT72.U CT P-P'Olv.' f<- o i* CX 0 &- I/>UT tOm o w- Cfl^.v'./lPV t-flt Wl/*M-I'; r-SJ i_ t r,, I M re C'^ ` : P fiUey^* nj& ( o^e, rd\^/ivT\T O (*- Oi-'i^Pr'TlNA c/c/boi2.M. a, >*TA "' >-- ii--iin\ n/*v cgr/(frjeij A coaciucth fii-C (-.rt'jUc; f c-c/-o' ^ fTML`*- la.C.*' a i ~ i^rU /> w it i C `J n-> /4-V c'li- (lObj (jW M,ro portivr (>i_ ni>-p (P-cT r-. i ^ rmc uAi.^cr ( ^ CJT Ht'T/ A-T l cT rPfcWT. Md^AV 10002951 Seals & Packing 1 I Technical Overview: Asbestos substitutes for valve packing in the petrochemical industry s i- i cn - <>- >- i c s-' R. II. MACDONALD, SUIT Engineer, Exxon Company. U S A. Rudy MacDonald received his de gree in Mechani cal Engineering from the Higher Technical College in Haarlem, The Netherlands and his Masters de gree in Business Administration from Bryant Col lege in Smithfteld, Rhode Island. During his 17 year career with Exxon, he has completed overseas assignments in Aruba, Netherlands Antilles and for Aramco in Saudi Arabia. Since 1982 he has been a member of the Exxon Engi neering Standards (EXES) Subcommit tee on Piping where he directed the development of the current Exxon firesafe valve standards and fire testing procedures. Mr. MacDonald is responsi ble for certify ing fire-safe valves for the EXES Committee and in thisfunction has had the opportunity to experiment with various asbestos substitutes. He is cur rently a Staff Engineer at Exxon's Baton Rouge Refinery specializing in piping components. He is also a member of the ASME. In recenl years some well known manu facturers have removed asbestos prod ucts from their product lines. Compli ance with governmental laws and regulations as well as potential liability are the reasons generally stated for such actions, li is exacted that asbestos prod ucts v/ill become less and less available in the future. This article addresses the qualities that allow a material to be considered a true asbestos substitute and outlines the cur rent findings of the suitability of these substitutes for valve packing applica tions. In addition, through the course of the article, several areas will be noted where further research or development of industry standards are required. While there are several materials claiming to he asbestos substitutes, no material exactly matches the qualities of asbestos. How ever, pure graphite exhibits many of the qualities considered fora true substitute. What is considered a true asbestos substitute? To answer this question, one should consider ail the positive characteristics of asbestos. A true substitute must be as good as asbestos in reliability, lire integ rity, and have a wide range of service applications as well as be an economical substitute. Some potential substitutes in clude PTFE. graphite, aramid based, ceramic based and mica based products. Reliability Asbestos is a well known and dependable material with years of operating data available. Substitutes arc not as well known and opointing data is often not available. Furthermore, many matulacturerv ore reluctant to divulge rW interface FNamstlliMtfiAtapittiiV '*>; Cogjftti'.: *0:- / * NoWndttJ, LubriCtote or 4*Niws Dtc-Rvihed JtfThn* ffngi' f 'ir Cfitflng oti: ,0 V.btt. ? ' it ' ` Box' ' .... -Slfrir-ffi'-t their product composition 1 he industry would be well served by some clear specification anJ product application standards. Fire integrity This packing character istic should be a major consideration in all flammable or hazardous material ap plications. Since asbestos has proven to be fire safe, it l.'llous that its substitutes should also be lire safe For many substi tutes, this area is one :r which further research is needed Pure graphite (95 + ft carbon i has howeve proven to be fire safe in non-osi.h/mg atmo sphere. Range of Appln,mm Vsbestos is specified lor a maturity o! rennety valve packing applications Therefore substi tutes should also exhilvt a wide range of service applications Having a product with a wide range of service provides two advantages First, additional safety will he gained tiom being able to stan dardize p;c kii': s. thereby minimizing the fiances o! misappli-ation. Second, an economic adi.mingc will come Irom 50 NOVFMOFQ I oar. run/iri. n~i. 10002952 minimizing packing inventories. Economic: Finally, the asbestos sub stitutes must be economical to compete in the market place. Data shows that although the initial price of a substitute may be somewhat higher, it will come into parity with asbestos with wide spread use. For example, valves packed with graphite were initially 5%-25% more costly than asbestos valve packing. Now, the costs are equivalent. In summary, for a material to be considered a true asbestos substitute it must equal or exceed all the qualities outlined above. While no material can indisputably claim to be a true asbestos substitute, based on early tests, pure flexible graphite appears to be the closest to matching the requirements. Further research is needed before other materials can be considered true asbestos substi tutes as outlined above Craphite valve packing findings The remainder of this at tide will focus on the application of graphite valve pack ings. For refinery services, a product is considered to be graphite if it consists of more than 95% pure carbon, has no asbestos and the teachable chloride con tent does not exceed 50 ppm. The next step is to determine the best packing configuration. Data indicates that the "stacked" packing configura tions outlined in Figures 1 and 2 have had good results. The stacked configuration consists of graphite end rings to prevent extrusion on the lop and bottom and die formed graphite rings in the middle. The end rings are made of interlaced braided carbon with a graphite coaling. The die formed rings consist of compressed graphite ribbons and should not contain binders, lubricants or additives not ap proved by the Owners Engineer. In addi tion, the packing should be provided with a corrosion inhibitor to preclude stem pitting. Since several inhibitors can be used, the manufacturer should disclose which one is used. If possible, proven lab and/or field data should be included to substantiate any claims of performance. After packing type and configuration have been resolved, the packing density needs to be specified. Installations have been successful with densities ranging from 70 to 85 lb/ft5. The higher densities are easier to work with and are preferred by the valve manufacturers. However, once densities reach 100 lb/ft\ field adjustment can become difficult. Start ing with a high density may benefit the valve manufacturer, but docs not give me user the packing longevity that t` .jwer densities will allow. Lower densities will also allow the user the flexibility of packing a nonstandard stuffing box with out custom making each ring. U should be noted that the search for an optimum density is not over and could be the topic of a separate article. An additional area requiring further development is the standardization of ring densities. Varying bases are used by industry to state ring densities. Some manufacturers use the density of the ribbon used to form the ring while others use the density after the ring has been compressed in ihe stuffing box. This is confusing and can lead to miscom- nmnicaiions. The density quoted here is that of the ring before it is placed in the stuffing box. In summary, while asbestos is still an approved packing material, graphite packing is proving to meet or surpass all the positive characteristics of asbestos. Increased usage is lowering the price to the point that graphite has become com petitive with asbestos. Other substitutes have advantages but to date they have not proven to be fully fire safe nor do they have the wide range of service applica tions. Therefore, until other substitutes can match all ihe positive characteristics of asbestos, it appears that graphite will continue to lead as a true asbestos substi tute. For a reprint of this article, circle 444 on reader service card. 02?S3 NOVEMBER 1986 CHEMICAL PROCESSING SI mARKcrs ! rvmtmufdfrvm pagi' IV) fMMagiiitii: It. (c). (d) MH (78% Mr), efl. 6-28-84 __ MMurtsd I o b Pittsburgh or -Cbcafa. eft 10-24 85 ___________ Suspended $305 320 flMMMtfbdwium. lb Mo. (d), 5.000-lb lots. eAB-1486 Swat export $3 65-375 Pwreeteon lb Si. (c). (d), eft. 6-19-86 S0% Si 35.5 37c Fwfigitan lb W, (d). eft 10181 UCAR_ Suspended fwendluw: lb V. packed, (d). eff. 4-1 -86 hum__________________________ $6.30 .............................. lb. (d). eff. 7-1-86 im*A%Si.2%C18 25-18.754 fionmcTAiucniincftflLs Cwme ( uy irrt itrnrl iirnrri mirxnnnn n'rr -- alb. Mam quota!ion can love only as a iineral gude Is the pmaatmwa by producersand daafcnlorlhe product st--short be.8--MlMl, (siciI. US ports, (b)f ab. smppuyj iwm. (c) f o b. wanA<4)carload lots, (aldapandinfon (nidi, tf) t a b vassal. B| l ab pi oT anpn. US port, (n) nomaial. Mtlllci mt, (c) Quebec, Canadian funds, eff. 1-1-83 3*______ _____ $1,764 5fi 3T______ _____ $1,481 6D 12______ _____ $1,569 7D 4T 11 063 7M SO $838 7R _ $711 $521 ___ $308 1177 $164 North Vancouver. BC. Canadian funds, eft 1-1-82 AAA $2,000 AY____ $430-470 aa $1,600 al . $330-340 A . _ $1050 CP . 1760 ar. I960 CT 1680 an 1810850 CY 14.30470 AS $706740 a____ ___ $330-340 AZ $610-670 Momswlle, Vt, US $, lit. 2-1 -83 4T 173.3863 7D IK 1669 7M SR 1483-669 7R 60 $345-471 . 1246 .... $141 1179 Barytes onground, st Chemical and glass grade stand picked, 95% BaS0. not over l%Fe.(b). (d) Magnetic or Dotation, 96-98% BaSO, not over 0.5% Fe.(b).(d) imported drilling mud grade, specific grawly4.2O4.30 e.i (.Gulf ports Ground, st Water ground. 95% BaSo< 325 mesh. 50-lb bags. (b). (d)_____ Ory ground, drilling mud grade. 83- 93% BaSOv ' 3-12% Fe. specific gravity 4.204.30. (b). (d) imported 4.204 .30 specific gravity, (b)_____ $90 $116 $2639 $70165 $60 90 $4055 nM:mt.(d) Imported Guyana refractory RASC grade, super calcined f o.b. Baltimore, Md______________ lob. Mobile. Ala___________ ____ f.o.b. Burnside, la________ ______ $164 76 $164 76 $164 76 Borax: st. bulk. (b). ;a) Anhydrous_______________________ $602 Feldspar st. bulk, (c). (d). (e) North Carolina 40 mesh, notation$57 25 20 inesh, Dotation________________ 200 mesh, notation. Georgia 200 mesh$76.50 40 mesh, granular________________ Connecticut 200mr,..!i$58.75 20 mesh granular ________________ $29.25 $77 80 $57.25 $43.00 Fluorspar: net ton. bulk. I.o.b. m . Ky . CaF2 content Metallurgical Pellets, 70% effective CaFj Ceramic, calate and silica variable, CaF2 88-90% 9596% 97% In 1004b paper bag. extra $125 $100 $170 $165-175 $13.50 Acid, dry basis, 97% CaF2 Carloads Bags, extra $173 $2600 Pellets. 88% effective $180 Wet Utter cake, 8-10% moisture, sold drycontentsubtract approx. $6.00 European and South African wet filter cake, 8-10% moisture, sold dry content, duty pd. mt, c.i.l. East Coast, Great lakes, and Gulf ports, term contracts_____ $140180 Meucan, st Metallurgical. 70% effective CaF 2 Tampico, f o.b. vessel ___________ $80.06 Mexican border, f.o.b. cars _______ $75.63 Acid, 97% + CaF2, wet filter cake, bulk, f.o.b. Mexican border________ $108.33 Graphite (natural); mt. I.o.b. source Flake and crystalline graphite, bags Madagascar$3201.100 German $450500 Ceylon $3001,500 Chinese $601,700 Amorphous, non-flake--cryptocrystal.. 8085% C Mexican, bulk$90125 Korean, bags____________________ $90120 Kyanrte; st, (b), Georgia, raw. bulk 35 mesh$92 48 mesh ________________________ 100 mesh _______________________ 200 mesh _______________________ 325 mesh$144 Bagged material, extra$9 $102 $108 $115 Magnesite: st. bulk Dead burned grain, f o b. tuning, Nev ____________________________ Bagged_________________________ 98%. f.o.b. Maple Grove. Ohio$479 $228 $249 Odm: st, 50ib bags. (c). (d) Georgia *808$170190 Georgia *548___________________ $180205 Georgia *404$230255 Virginia. 77______________________ $500 Virginia. #88 _____________________ $420 Virgma, *44______________________ $135 Phosphate reck: st. central Florida land pebble. R.O.M.. washed, dried, unground bulk. f.o.b. mine 66-68%____ $1618 6670% ____ $182 1 7072%_______ $21-23 74-75%_______ $25-27 Potash: K20 contained, bulk, muriate. 60% KCl.st t.o.6. Carlsbad, N.M,, elf 61686 Standard_________________________ Soluble b2-63%___________________ Coarse$50-51 $45.00 $7600 Gr lar _________________________ $5150 f.o.b. Saskatchewan, Canada, eft 6-1-86 Standard$38 00 Soluble 62-63%___________________ Coarse __________________________ Granular ________________________ Bags, extra_______________________ $4100 $4300 $44 50 $26 Pyritaa: st, fob. Climax. Colo. bulk, dry 50-52% sulphur___________________ $50.00 Quartz reck crystals: For fusing, all sues, st $4402.500 For piezoelectrical and optical use. dep. on sue and grade, lb $2.5060.00 Sttica: amorphous, st f.o.b. Elco, III., 504b paper bags through 200 mesh 9095%_________ $71 9699%. through 325 mesh 9095%_________$73 9699.4% 9698%_____$69.50 99 5%_ 99.9% passmg400 mesh 99% below 15 microns 99% below 10 microns 99% below 8 microns -- $72 ____$78 . $95.00 $128.00 $137.00 $164 00 $196 00 Sulphur It. term contracts US producers, f.o.b. vessel at Gulf ports. La. and Tex. bright$147.50 dark$141.50 Export, ex terminal Holland bright $164.50167.50 dark$155 Talc: st. (c). (d), containers included unless other wise specified New Jersey mineral pulp, ground (bags extra)__ $18 50-20.50 Vermont 98% through 325 mesh, bulk_____ $70 99.99% through 325 mesh, dry processed, bags $147 99 99% through 325 mesh. water beneficiated, bags $213 228 New York 96% through 200 mesh $67-75 98-99.25% through 325 mesh ____ $83-100 100%through 325 mesh (Duia energy ground) $165 California SlMUlant Frartwwatari $130 $37-71 Micronued Cosmetic/steatite Georgia $150-220 $44-65 98 200 $50.00 99-325 $60 100325 (fluid energy ground)_____ $100 Tripoli: lb. paper bags, carloads White, f.o.b. Elco, III. Air floated through 200 mesh _____ Rose and cream, f o b Seneca. Mo., and Rogers, Ark. Gnnegrnunrt Double ground A>r float3 15t 3 55* 2.90< 2.90c Vermiculita:st,(c) Monuna, So. Carolina$100$ 150 Soutn Alnca, crude, c.i.l. Atlanticports$110-160 )Fordailyprices. step 1.1) ! i iri t * j . $ i i- < cam) OCTOBER 1986 10002954 11