Document LKvkzGVOza9kq1baE1byMRvw

. foZJSf -k r +* .> 'i-.^.-.--# fii i" -1 rr ; . > ti 1 LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION ! 00 BAST 4INI STNIKT ;0 NIW YOM 17. M. V. i f a M h i f K i ^ i i ifTt uStest* SniSm1i<itfi *orr If, 1939 TO All. MMSBS CP TSE ntOOKFI aVTUONEXT OCMOCTS CP VB LEAD HDD890S ASSOCIATION OdtlMt Objectless of our reseerch program er to improve our products vbere MCttiirjr to urke thee tore competitive, to correct Inherent defects rad dsfleleoeles, u veil u to develop ocv products for future aarket exploi tation. Since there Is ueurlly a considerable leg between e new dsvelopoeot rad Its ultimate conversion Into a profitable rad salable Item, It is imperative that the Initial onphrele be placed upon existIns products rad their lEprovcaast. Wherever possible, ve should also attempt to direct our rev research tovards markets vhlch have the greatest potential usrge. Obviously, vc are Interested la tonnrgc norkets, rather than la pound aarkets, sines the tocnago markets nil, la the long nm, prove Dost valunbls and profittbls la disposing of our excess production of lead. While lr^crteat sun* of money should be derated tovard these existing cad present products, ve should by no noon* neglect the long-tern picture, end you nil cote that In the pest year vo here attempted to balance oat our over* all program so that short -tern, intermediate, md long-tern : objectives are set forth, rad research Initiated In these various areas. > In addition, vs hero cot ceglocted fundamental research vhlch Is of vital, lcportcncs to establish ocv thinking, nev Ideas, rad csv markets vhlch ere not la our present kse. ? In the pest yeer ve have achieved several notable successes. Of these the cost 1: portent is our provlng-ln of the Robertson continuous extrusion process for cable sheathing. This press has been brought to ccrarclnl fruition, It bns produced ccbls- sheathing on a continuous basis from all of the important alleys. It has stimulated Interest in tbs Binds of those vbo previously rejected the idea of lend staging e caoebeek for cable sheathing. This ocv devslopocnt should certainly stem the tide of our setback in this area, rad at the scoc tire enable us to recapture sales vhlch ve hod assumed rare lost for good. In addition to stimulating Interest In the United States, interest has spread to England rad to the Continent, lot only should it ecabls us to produce cablo sheathing on a continuous j basis, It also enables us to produce It In rll of the rvallable alloys rad should markedly cut production costs rad Improve the flexibility of the cable shecthlng process since It vill now enable us to use Insulating act*rials other than paper-based dlcluctrlc naterials. These factors are significant, cod should, cs I have nentloncd before, onrble us to aove back into this market vith a good doal of confidence. a -8- Vhli* tho potential ncrkete era not a* *rot, v* have certainly etlnulated a great deal of interest through our cercdo fellcvehip proem. Many cf theso fellova.-.;;* here oeccrrpll*hod a g&>i deal. We hnvo developed upcrlor dielectric untcrlni* for earlou* stringent electrcclc cppllcctlooe, the nct cotable dereiojrject of the pr&grna. Mr_-y producer* of cermlc nnterlcl* hove entered Into research la theee pcrtleulhr area* because of our ovr. fellovt'.lp program. la addition, acry of those fallovehipe hare resulted In tee hod eel paper*, bibliographies, or.d survey* vhleh hare enabled u* to l *Jc o further contact vlth the certsalc Industry end to revitalise their Interest is lead. Thu*, in 191?, re have cede significant technical contribution* to our industry, vhleh vlll a**l*t lead lr. regalcl eg it* forurr position rad etlmlnte interest in area* nav to lend. In succeeding pcregrcphs ve shall attempt to point out the ln^ortest tonnage market ermm vhere our research vlll bo caccentreted in i960. In ilecusslng each of the market*, vc vlll point out the research vhleh v* have progrensed to enable u* to nr.lntaln our position or to capture entirely nev area* In i960. aj,^..vw,JJ.' IM|PMM 14 J.M U ^g1 - m I*V m'm.WQ0\Ptfom*** ~%rn*IJ^--I*w^r .yT LIA1716? -3- UKB7X77JML KkWQtT There are neny nren* In the architectural industry where ve feel that lsod can ctk ilgnlf leant new contribution* c* well r-i to regrln former b a t * kets lc which It held a significant position. i In 1939 ve Initiated our pragma oc vibration cttenuctloo with the lead asbestos p* A anA with other lead eocposito Br.terlols. Wo feel that In the i cooing noeth* we shell fccve developed significant into which vl11 enable ua to publish e. design engineering acnurA to enable lead to be used extensively lc thle architectural application u veil ti lc other r.ppllentloc related to the architectural norket. W have a good de-A of confidence that we shall I achieve success, and If our objective* are reached only la port, large tfirnrgss of laed will be eoaeuaed. for esuKple, there ere tvo to three dll loo air conditioners installed each year. If only oce or two pound* of land were used for each Installation, It le obvious that thousand* of tooa could he used sfkcuelly la thle area. In 1939 ve ititleted c high spot Investigation of sotad ettantuatloe hated oo the several concrete suggestion* which eroei froa the Skidmore, Owing* 4 Merrill report, rad in i960 we plan to hit thle area hard by not only developing fuadcaectcl data 00 the acoustical propertlee of lead, hut clao de veloping oacpccarrt* euch aa pcrtltloae, panel*, doorways, eliding doors, fold ing doors end the like, which would Incorporate lerd with building acterlela to yield sound leolctlng cocposite*. With these and other cagpoceota properly desired, construeted, red evaluated, ve should he lc a strong position to let*reel the architectural market lc tie wide application of land t for sound attenuation. Ve have high hopes that these developments will he the principal developosct of our research pragrea In i960, cad ore that will j yield ua large tonnage narketa. Ve recamrnd this pragma strongly. 1 In the roofing field, and Is related areas, lscd-conted steel has for aesy years hod a snr.I1 but significant aerkst. In our Investigation of al ternate ssthods of producing leed-cocted steel, wo plan to prepare pilot 11s plee by plating, veevua deposition, and powder cladding to evaluate the tech nical. ea well as tha econodc potential of these proccesec. Ve feel that the work which wes lnltlctsd in 1999, rnd which we hope to continue la i960, will yield ue the data end eoTiisk* infenact Ion which should stimulate Interest oo the part of producers of this aaterirl If successful. There are nacy other research projects which we hove under way whose objectives ere to lspi-ov* the linltirg properties of lead, notably It* relatively poor strength-weight ratio, and It* eensitiTity to creep at cctrlent and elevated tcspsrntures. Our pra gma la lecd powder Betallvrgy Is m e&rspla of rn attempt to product a hlgbsr strength lead with nrjcirtn creep reelstcnce cepable of being utilised la thin ner gouges satisfactorily. This would rllow lighter, sore self -supportlzg lnatallctlocs, end thereby Increase our competitive position. This aarket Is only one of Deny for which we recanted the continuation of our powder 1 LI 117163 I ? ) *1 s f o \ oetellurgy program. Augmenting th** proarers to develop a go*ter market for lead In architecture, ve are recor-mending aprograa to investigate the drrelopraer.t irod ecoooclc* of corpoeltcs of lend foil and aheet with paper, plastics, anl similar saterlal* to yield a lightweight composlts having the pe.tloa and corroeloo resistance cxf lead without the Inherent defect# Of hr<TDger,e-OL.e leal aheet, notably high coat compered to other mterlela, exceislvc weight, aid poor creep charecterletica. Thesc deveiopeaent* would be carried out In conjunction with pc-per and piaetic producer*, and It 1* believed that through theae cctrpoltc, we can produce a oaterlal ore aconoelcally coerpe*.Itlra with other architectural Etaterial*. i i i i i I la addition, oaay of our ceramic fellowahlpe are directly concerned with producing new architectural materials, such a* leaded cerede glass* V for lightweight aggregate building block*, porcelains for ateel and aluminum partition* and curtain valla, auperior glsse* for whltevar* bodlM ; and other c creole bodies. Furthenaore, we hope to Initiate a proems on high speed plating of lead, again directed toward* coating ateel and other aatcrlala with lead at a competitive price eo that we can enter several narket*. Including the architectural narket which la limited presently by the high coat of laad* coated materiel* produced by present nathoda. Thera is no question that the long-term future of the architectural and building construction Industry will consume very large quantities of lead. Of ell the roc erneaded progress, a* mentioned before, sound and vibration ettantuatloc are high priority projects. We feel that in thee# fields, in the shortest apace of tlac, ve can develop nerket* ccpehla of consucldg large tonnages of lecd in on area where leas has few if jaxy competitors. Once the data ere developed, they Bust be followed by strong promotion to take advantage of the research and development accom pli ahed. In the following section*, the project* which have bean discussad above are itemized in nore detail. You will also note in neny cases that these projects apply to other nejor narkets in which their value will be reiterated in the discussions which follow. 1. Lead A*bctos Pads for Vibration Attenuation (LP-7-60) Thla program wes initialed to develop the engineering data necessary for affective promotion of lecd asbestos pads for use In building construe* Hoc cad machinery counts and to evaluate other lead composite aeterlals which nay have greater vibration attenuating properties. This progra has around a great deal of Interest In this country as well as abroad. V* have obtained the cooperation of other organisations in Ertgi and and Franco, end It la believed that the corhlned effort will enable US to develop successful designs. While It is contemplated that the present contract will provide us with a greet deal of engineering data, it is believed that the study will lead to other daalpis which will need evaluation. The evaluation of each set of tert pads requires an expenditure of appraxl&etely $3,000. iM difcaii* I in i iw tiii i iM m ni n i iru newuwaj* in *a tuepnuti ii LI A1 7164 4* ] 3* 1 1 4 ? 0 j i 1 -s Because of the potentially wide range of application for lead ocv^oslte peds, no additional sun of >10,000 1* reccreended as a contingency fund for till* program in i960. 2. Lead for Bound Attenuation (LP-I6-60) Interest In leed for ouad attenuation 1 growing tt * greet rttc. Cooperation with manufactur ers such u Cerda Chemical (with their CCL'CITFAB metcrial) e* well a* with orgcr.1retire* abroad, cvl the increasingly wide range of application of this type of Dateriel for sound and vibration attenuation In ell type* of architec tural structure*, Iced u to believe that during the coding year wo should expend o<ur research Into the detlgr., fabrication, and test of typical structure* and component* for build Inga of ell type*. For exrcple, in th* Bolt Bcranck ml Barton rtudy covered under Project LP-16-59, they suggested nuaercue Items euch os acoustic curtain*, acoustic panels, acoustic door*, acoustic wallpepcr, celling tile*, and the Ilka. The rtudy proposed for I960 \uld include the fabrication of typical structures and appropriate testing of the acoustic efficiency of these naterlels. It will requir* close coordination between supplier* of architectural products such M wallpaper, ceiling tiles, etc., to Incorporate lead In these products sod In turn have the composite* evaluated for acoustical performance. This la rather expensive research, end It has boea rccoramdod that a sun of >3^,000 be set aside to fabricate end test the appropriate structure* produced. Vherever possible, cooperating manufacturers will be Included to perslt us to obtain oral nn results froa the dollar* we have available for this research. 3. Production of Lead-Coated Steel (U-26-60) It is recoexaended that the work 00 the coating of steel* by vacuus metallising, plating, etc., be coctimed during t*-.e cor.lng yerr, end thet the funds available for prepara tion of samples, evaluation, and testing be Increased to >20,000. Because of the relatively large potential mrkrt for containers and for architectural appllcctlorj, continuation 1* r*c amendod. The Initial result* In the study of vacuum metallisation of lead appear promising. Coatings have ranged in thickness from very thin to rcther heevy and appear to have satisfactory adhesion. Many organisations have been approochud concerning electrodeposition of lead on steel and It Is expected that work will soon begin la this area. Because of the likelihood of sueces* end the need for establishing pilot runs of the notarial, either by vacuum metallising or electroplating, adequate rune of money oust be provided to put the pilot lines Into opera tion end to produce the necessary samples to develop economic as well a* engineering feasibility. Because of the excellent arrangement* with th* American Can Cocpcsy, a portion of the evaluation program vlU be done for us at no charge and at the some time provide us with * critical evaluation by * large potential customer. k. High Speed Platlrg of Land - There are Deny area* where hli epped plating of lead would be of great Importance; for certain Shielding applications, for the coating of Metallic substrates such as the develop ment of an effective lood-coated steel for reactor* and related application*, ad the architectural market. It Is believed that a fundamental study at ST V".! V 5 lump L i f i L r f t wmma +m *. W! '"wgwww3 KS* VJ LiA17165 WpmfcuWW'. n 'PW^v 6. 0 land electrodepositlon should be carried out to develop new and lrprorwd technique* for achieving eartreaely high drposltloQ rr.tea which would sake tho production of lead-coc-ted steel ecanemic ally competitive to present dry tin plstlng. A program cf this nature could bo carried out at university by a post-doc to rr.te fellow cr research assistant under faculty supervision. It 1* rccanamdod thet $10,000 bo allocated to this study. 5. Lend tM Lend Corcposite Materiel for Architectural Exteriors Certainly leul tea not kept up with tho growth cf tho building Industry. Bio Skidmore, CSrings li Merrill report Indicated that our position In tha building trades has fallen nerkedly. Cn tho other hand, there or* neny area* where lead eertrlnly cen perforn in a superior Banner for vapor shields, flashing, roofing notarial*, end tha like. Bje relatlvaly high coat of lead, rj coopered to other ccrpetltlv* d c aerials, has dtlgoted against It* use. Vo believe, however, that a atudy cf coe^oelte onterlal such as a lord fell becked by vaterproof paper or plastic, or BetelUe composites cen offer us e new line cf products which could be cccTetltlve. Bje research cootajplnted proposes tho fabrication of these composite material* end their subsequent evaluation In structures. Bit nodes required would permit a study of the potential applications, a study of the cocposlte naterlals, the fabrication end field evsluatloc af typical ample*. because cf the ecoocde potential of this market It Is felt that the expenditure cf $20,000 Is well Justified for this research effort. 6. yuad*rental IrvcstiKatloc cf Lead Fjwdcr Metallurgy (LP-3-60) This proeron v o j Initiated to develop the rtcs-mental knowledge necessary to produce dispersion strengthened lead alleys by the pewder metallurgy process. By this method It is believed possible to produce alloys hewing Improved nechosical properties end resistance to creep. flew alloy system or# possible thro-jgh pewder metallurgy which con be produced in no other earner. Although little progress has been node on the contract to date because laboratory assistance was not available until recently, it Is believed to be of sufficient Importance that vc will went to continue the research effort for another year et t rate cf $15,000. 7. Cerode fellowship Prcgrm - (LP-12-lV-19-20-21-22-23-60) It Is strongly recocxxnded that the Ceramics fellowship Program be oontlnued OB the sene basis as In 1959* Basically the same type cf subjects should be studied with the possible addition of rath topics as the investigation cf Iced ferroelectric compounds, cercnic glass* for llghtwclgrt aggregate building blocks, and possibly a continuing review of thermoelectric type materials. In the past year ve hsve ochloved a good deal of success through the ceramics pregres. Baosrous papers have been Issued, bibliographies have been cards evolloble and interest In the ceramic Industry has been greatly stimulated. It has been recocrendud that the fellowship progrsn be expended to a total of $33,000 end be located la the nrsdaun number of schools co topics related to the use of lead In ceramics, glasses, glases, sad ccraalc type naterlals.1 1 p.n'f in 'ym.i i.iM'jpwy1 1 . |i W!!i"'P' '* p,iA:Nr . rr-^L- > *> IM9MMMNfclJNJI ` f : L*r \ i T.fcsZ3i!^'rW' LIA17166 i i i ti ] o ; n-- -7- minspararrow h a e k e t The transportation Industry 1# a surprisingly lnrga consumer of lad in bearings, alleys, solders, end batteries, ter till* reesoa, vc oonaldsr till* narket of enjer importance to us, rai many of our re*earch rad develop ment projects rre cited at increoalt^ its utilisation. One cf toe project* initiated in 195-? vr- tie study cf fiber- reinforced leM. Theso aeterlrj.f here largo potential cppllcotice. By providing a structural memfcrano for lead, a self-supportlag, high otrenth, creep-resistcr.t rate rial it cchievod. Wo have bee;, surprised by the response of bearing manufacturers vbo consider these ccteriala ej potentially irporteot for bearing application*. We should cot neglect this devdopouct is light cf this interest for bearings and other possible applications, cud therefore recoruerd continuation of this program in I960. Lead as a sound attenuating material has played a very important pert la the transportation lMuetry, rad It is believed it will pixy rn increas ing role in the future. As ytu ell k:uv, tho Douglas DC-6 has utilised c lend-Inpregrxtci plastic mtcrlcu (CCCC7I7A3) for sound attenuatloa in the fuselage, rnd ether aircrrft craufacturcra are also users of this netcrlal. Bccoust cf Increasing ocphasls cn ec^urd attenuatloa, it is believed that the vork undertaxes for the architectural narket vill certainly play sn important part in the transportation industry as veil. We have not yet attempted to sell the sound Isolating realities cf leed to the eatcootlee industry; hovever, ve certainly vill go after this area once we hose developed the necessary data. Seller is widely used in the transportation industry for mesy applica tions, and ve arc finding increasing need for further data on lead solders. Despite the fact that solders have beer, in ex1 stance for Deny, tray years, ths data oc fatigue end creep ere locking. To maintain our solder narket as veil as to expend it further, it is necessary that these data he developed. Batteries ere cn important consumer cf lead in present day eutoocbUee, and may veil became a nore lnportrat coce since the potential cf the elec tric automobile Is again increasing. It is proposed is i960 that r project be initiated cn the fundamental behavior of lend as cs anode as veil ea a cathode in the environment cf lead storage batteries. These Intimately concerned vlth the battery industry feci that this fundamental study vculd be cn important contribution to the knowledge of lend is this area and help improve the efficiency of batteries. Our interest in this program vill serve to maintain the interest of battery producers in the lead cell ee veil se provide important d s v data. Is i960, therefore, ve ore rtcarsollng four important programs devoted tc the transportation industry vhich vc fed cm make a slgnlficwrt eootrlbutioo and help us maintain as veil as expend our position in this Industry.1 3 1. m,ii ..vriwi'gri'. .iei . n ms .1 1 'JW ..1 II. mw'HD" ' fei^'^i^ii^<ei^.riijii;w.i.si - %''5imyvawv***** -*#*#*'*> ''***m*'m*ir?* " 1 h w Wpiv LiA17167 t ! -ft- 9 1. Fiber Eel of arced Lcr-1 - (LP-5-60) In the part year vrry interest ing properties fc'-ve been developed employing both bror.is as well as rtMl nets to cl va self-supporting, hl". strength, crccp-reslstcst properties to an essentially leal product. This project has stimulated a good deal of Interest relative to the tienufac turo of sc If-rapport leg lead panels, d w bearing type materials, end shielding structures, because of the results to dat-i, It has been recocuondod that this work be continued In the i960 period et a rate of $25,000 per year. 2. Lend for Sound Attenuation (LP-I6-6O) (See Architectural Market , page 5, ites ). 3. Determination of Fhyslcd and Hochenlcrl Properties Data on Lead Solders. because of the advance of Industrial technology In electronics, containers, end structural applications of all types, nore cad pore data are required to permit rdequete usage of solders. The AS1V Cccrdttee ea Solders, the Lead Industries Association Solder Comitteo and other related crgnaltetlons all agree that we arc lacking In physical property and creep end fatigue data et low, rocn, end elevated temperatures. A n ri-u-. m of $20,003 has been recoonended to enable these data to be developed. Where possible, appropriate goveranent agencies will be center ted tc obtain mrrlnsi cooperation is this quarter. It has been stated that unless this work is carried out, the market for solders will continue to decline in favor of other etcrials. Therefore, to retain as veil cs to expend the present solder aarket, It 1s imperative that these data be developed. Solder producers cnl those who arc well verted In the field state that continuing requests , for data e enact be answered with the present lcforation. k. Furdaner-tal Study of the Electrochemical behavior of Lend In . Various Hxila. including Cyclic Conditions - There have been no cocr^lnirted fundamental studies carried out leading to a full understanding cf the electroch-deal behrrior at lead, principally In the elactrie storeys bettery, end therefore en investigation of this behavior would be a na^or contribution to nenufacturers of electric storage batteries and would glee a better understanding of the electrochemistry cf lead. A fundmental study possibly carried cut Is a university by e post-docto rate fellow or research assistant under the supervision of c faculty needier to Investigate tbs electrochemistry cf lead Is recccocnded. Such an Investigation would be very vital contribution to the knowledge cf the behavior cf lend Is power cells, and accordingly o sun of $10,000 is recoroanded to pursue this work. Mm nmtimwwaadslW W JMw MWmlfc. mm 11 sty)fy?pewmM mu . '.s' - i^swswwvwvjii s mw is iis w is ^i 1,1 1 wvwwyw'yjwnijj.iw^wvwsw|a,w--- J MWMgytrjH!. 111 itwmWE'(*** i nwjyjj.*p**igps&** .ny n'^w--nn^M ' * -- ----LlAl716e 1 J t \ 9 ii i*V ; -9- ccrorrcra xmm Ai ve ore all ever*, leod-cocted steel has been loeli^ out to tincoated steel fur orzsy container applications. the nenufecturur* of con tainers have advised us that load vculd regain an Inportent plrc# la this Industry If t pcre-fixc, controlled thickness, lood-eoctei steel vsre ecocoalcrlly available. The lnhsrur.t superior ccrrciloo reeltone# of lend Is dssirod but the oconcnlcs prevent its utilltr-tlon la this mghiy ecxipctltive industry, hr example, o 000-gr.llca can costs ooo to tvo cents nore If lsnd-coeted rtoul Instead of tin plate Is used. It is, therefore, lrportnnt to develop lnprovod cent lug processes for cladding steel vlth lend If ere to nerve into large potential oorkets. We Initiated vork In 1959 to evaluate luod-coatlng processes cad recomeod Its ccctlnuatlcc In i960. Presort electroplating techniques, vacuta Detainsetloe, os veil as clulling by povder netclluror, aru In the procsss of evcluatloc or ccntecrlated. In addition, the fundcacstal study for develcjcx.t cf hl> speed electroplating processes that vould be sirrllm. to and coc^etltlrs vlth the coatlnous electroplating lines for tin is reeaxendod. All cf these trees, vo beldrve, should be pressed In order that vs can regain our femer position In this ocrksrt, 1. Production of 1/cad-Ccctcd Steels (LP-2&-60) (See Architectural Market, pegs 5, lteQ J. 2. High Booed Plating cf Lc~l (See Architectural Market, page 5, ltso k. .n tutu Y^JSH* j.wMjjfiwgj'wgiy.'nyp*1' jgi py r. .*v1 'V J- ****-- "*m*. mmm* LIA1716^ -10- ratsMr.iyACTOni!r3 tyrngrr no e a j o ftir flber-relnforced le-rd progrm can plcy on l^crtont pert 1b producing nev bearing nnterlr.1* fer ell typo* cf heal tool* and heavy production eq-aipoent, ri4 therefore hr.ro on irpeat on thl* oarktt c* trail e* other*. YurU.cr.xru, our pevier netallurgy pregrea he* the ccpcbllity of producing nev bcrrlng nctcriol*, olc by po*lM* cccblnction of i phc*u* lnccrpctlbl* by coaventlacnl proc**e*. Again In etjulpnent cf ell type*, *cldcrlng 1* cn lspcrtcat Joining proce**. Bcverer, a* covered before, tra ere Inching la Into on fatigue cad creep wMch 1* rrtni-H ting th* u*cge cf voider end causing ornufocturer* cf equipment to turn to other Joining Mthod*. i Ylbrr.tioc isolation 1* beccelsg lrpcrtmt la procl*loo equipment, f oenufocturlng method* end equipment lartalLatlac. Our work oo vibration ettcotunticn ahculd certainly pin/ cn leycrtest port la thl* market end enable ua to **U tocang* quaotltlo* of l*od. HaiM, la thl* market, ve rr* recccmesvllrg four progren* vhleh hor* direct cppilectlcc to gxp. ndlrg th* u*e* of leod. 1. yiber-Bdnforced Lend (LP9-60) (See Trcnrportctlcc Market, page 8, ltea 1)1 s. 2. rtadraectrl Isvnrtljtntlcc cf Lend Feeder Hctrliurnr (U-_60) (See Architectural Market, p:g t, item 6). fT 3 X>ctemlnr.tl^ of Iced end Mechanical Property Data on Solder* (See Trcnvpcrtctlcc Market, prge0, lUa 3). k. Lend Avbertoe Prd* for Vibration Attcsustloc (U-7-^0) flSee Architectural Market, peg* A, Item 1). Hrimi'l! JTO.iWUll VMIUunw. w > jpw.tuii -***r*i+:. 1 r I mu'U'A I LfWjW*'1 WHHH'I* w <m-l WK'H^W-T^WW..^- ***" LIA17i70 -u- EUECTP.ICAL ASP CSrgCHICS HAPKET Several progress recennended for i960 will crve to Increase the cooeurptloo cf 1*M In the electric*! rad electronic anrket. A# covered before, cur cerr.nl: fellcvahip progran yielded t algnlflecr.t land-bearing dielectric 1 v terlrl with perfernmee for superior to anything produced heretofore, rad thia he# #ti:oulctod rcocrch cr. the port cf aoen ccrnrilce nonuf rcturere In the dielectric field. Our ceramic# progra. nl#o Include# verb cf lard forrcjir.gr.etle material# cf Interest to the elactronlca Industry, end In the i960 progrer. n #tudy cf lend ferroelectric# la contemplated oa well c m a review cf lard thermoelectric material*. Our fu2dc.-1ar.tal Investi gation of the thermal rrd rpcctrd fd*lcn characteristic# cf lend, compound* nrjr provide pcter.tied market# ter lord In apaelrd electrical application to aerve c m light and thermal erdeilcc eourcae ea wall c m high bact tresafar nadir, freu alactrcnle coepooenta. fVir research on tha electrochemical behovlcr cf land certainly la lepcrtrxt to thia market free; the standpoint cf lerd battery power packages. Valla wo propose cc new work In cello sheathing, cur previous program In thle rren hc m ccrtrlnly achieved algmlflcant rerulte, rad again point# up the Importance cf lead In till arc.-. He rec cm leaded eclder progrea will aerva thia cr-rkct rdao, Increasing tlio necessity fer determining tha phyateal tad aochardccl data oa cur solder#. Electronic gear la operatic r.t higher tad. hiicr tc_-prr ture* cad often under atrlngent vibration condition#, rad If ve arc tc rctrla *dlcr e# e Joining nr terini, theaa data enut be developed to lnaure that ether Jolalrg acthoda ere not utilised la their plrcc. With modern engineering repiircner.ti pushing crterinla to the ur.xi.-jun cf their ecpntllltle#, It 1# imperative that we provide tha necessary data cn the capabilities of cur product#. Unlcaa theae data arm provided, the deflpicr will net give cur product# the warranted coasidarfttlcn rad vc will lce out to competitive material#. Program# relevant to thia norket ere listed below: 1. Ceramic# Pcllowahloa (LP-12-l4-l?-2G-21-22-23-6o) (See Architec tural Karketa, page 6, Item 7). 2. High E.il#ioc Leal Ccarc-md# (LP-II-60) Thia research haa datlt with the efficiency cf lead compound# fer thermal ead spectral emission. Thia la a fundnaontal etudy which ucy have many practical applications la heat transfer cajpcoer.t# ea well ra In light emitting aourcas. Land tcllurlde, aelenlde, oxide rad sulfide are being evnluatad In relation to their emission characteristics over a brand thermal cad spectral rodlatlcc band. It is rocamended that this program be renewed In I960 Bt a coat cf $4,000. 3. Pundcucr.trl Study cf the Elpetrochemical Behavior of Land In Various Media, Including Cyclic Conditions (Sea tren#ucratloo Market, ~pf fe, lt U). 4. Petered ru'd ion of I*-,ylcr.l and Mechanical Property Orta oa Lead Solder# (Sve Transportation Knrkot, page 0, lteu 3) njhjwui u.IB . >in j mi * w mw j j h ny j iw l h rr w. n '^M.',**:. --SW^ije-ui'Baw*iv J------- r fTiriirusn.i; LIA17171 W | > ; i f 9 -ia* CEEXTCAL Him? 1M market certainly bold* a high potentid for lend. CXtr project* are devoted to the derelopjr.t not only cf nev chemlcd product* but al*0 the equipncnt n*cecry for thl* Industry. Cur program* c*j lod-ooet*d t**l c* veil os on tlfti speed pictlr.g ore olo directed tovnrd* producing load-clod, reactor quifocnt to maintain lead In thl* area cad r.lr.lnl la It* replacement by plastic* cod other aetcl*. Vhil* vo her* not **t a*Id* pccld program for radiation ihlelilrg, certainly it bears a clo** resemblance to the need* of the chemical industry for aero *cooaaied methods of utilising lecd in processing oqulpocnt. Our lnvertigntloc of fiber metallurgy i* ol*o a direct ctttqt to produce a *elf-supporting lerd product vfclch will correct present Creep daficlsneia* end at the *coo tine provide (ufflclect str-ength *o that It cea be a *true turd member a* veil a* a corrosion-resistant lining. Bte major portion of our program In thl* market area 1* devoted to the development cf lend cherilcd*. Ve hero thro* progreaa ct present - tvo of a fundamental nature, and on# cf a very applied nature, ftur over-all objec tive 1* to take existing leal chemicals or lend cheeled* developed from owr fundamental program and determine their applicability to potential markets such e* paint flnlsbo*, insecticide*, fungicides, ehendcal intermediates, and polymers. Ve fed that thi 1* en extremely l^pcrtcnt exeo which may enable ua to ultimately develop product* which In toto vill be eijulrdent to or surpass the lend tetraethyl narket. It 1* quite tnlikely that ve shil find a single Iced chcmlcd vhlch vill hove a market potential equivalent to leal tetraethyl, but the previously unexplored possibilities that exist for lead chcdcal* nay enabl* ua to rvolv* narket* equivalent to It In toto. 3he program* having direct lnpcet on thl* large potentid nerket are rerleved below: 1. Production cf Lead-Ccnted Stcd (LP-26-60) (See Architectural Market, pego 5, item 3). ~ 2. Eldr Speed Pieties of Lend (See Archltecturd Market, page 5, ltec k), 3. Piber-Bcleforced Led (LP-9-60) (See Transportation Market, peg* 8, lteo 1). A. Lead Chemical* (LFlO-60) The present program carried on by Arthur D. Little, vhlch consist* of an applied a* veil a* a fundamentd approach, ha* been of considered* vdue. In the letter nor.th* of th* research effort, emphasis has been placed upon practlcd application cf existing lead chemical*. Bio cooperation of the Ethyl Corporation and the Xetlond Lend Ccppcay ha* enabled the contractor to ascertain those lard chcnlcd* vhlch ere readily cvoilehle at a reasonable price. In turn, these product* are being wduated a* insectlci**, fungicide*, for printing reproduction syrtccs, cheated intermediates, end the like. Becruso of th* brood experience and background of Arthur S. Little, It la strongly rocamended that th* program be continued aw W'l'-'.w'-iJIU VV'JIU'P1 -*! IIV*1 L IA17173 vlth scphnsls wain cm the applied approach aal upoc the utillentlcm of existing cr readily evoileble lsed chemical*. It le believed that the cooperation cf Katlor.nl Leal sad the Ethyl Corporation vlll greatly aeelet tho contractor In carrying out thle evaluation study. A run of $36,000 vlll be need*! to continue the project In I960. 5. Le-d Organic Coryounds (LP-I6-60) Thle research effort vlth 7.1.0. vlll be Initiate!, cr. c t about the flret of Jcvccber. Initially c reviev of the literature vlll be cede, supported of couree by ell the docrosnts nod Inf emotion ratde cvallrble by our earlier verk end by our contributing companies. Thle vlll certainly speed up tho development of background information on this research end enable Cr. vac dcr Kcrk to start cm the actual experimental vork et e nuch earlier date. As vae orlfinally conceived, this vlll be e fundoner,tel study to tie In cloeely vlth the Arthur 3. Little verk end the other vork proposed for the JJurrteroaster Research and Engineering Coccond. As Is all cases vhero va have related research, there Is a full exchange cf research reports of the various contractors, literature studies, and other suggestions which c o d s from sources vlthin end without cur Industry. In this vny dupllcatloo of effort Is nlnlnlted, stimulation cf Ideas Is naxlnlted, and our research dollars do not pay for duplicate effort. Since It vrs recllied that thle vork vould ccalltrue for same tine, It Is strongly urged that funds be provided for renewal in the fall cf i960, end that the run of coney be Increased to $20,000 os recorocndcd by Cr. von dcr Kcrk In his initial discussions. 6. Orgmslead Chcnietry (LP-26-6C) This pregren Is to be a fundamental study to include phases different free those contemplated by Cr. van dor Kerk end Arthur C. Little. The value cf this research at the irrtemaster end Engineering Camrrd Is that It vould Include verkers net paid for out of Lead Industries Association funds but out Of government funds. In addition, ve have the possibility of compound evaluation In the Qiarheraaster Laboratories ct Hatlck, Kcasaehusetta. Cr. Ensselstrou, head of the group at latlek, Is nrlring arrangements vlth several German universities to cfctain a coupstcst orgnnoortalllc chemist to carry cm this effort for as. It Is strongly urged that $10, COO be set aside for this program far i960. As mentioned cbove, by a full exchange of reports, oeetlnga where possible,and visits to the various Laboratories, ncxlmum coordination vlll be achieved to Insure that our funds ere spent dost effectively. rsi.ssjjspaiwaeffii?' v .sp.viyiH-amj*  Mu jji LIA17172 &11 iiij u p ^ i } * *i i -lk- i 1i i cpuocrs mam | \ V h*v# uectloeed several tine* previously our ceredes fellowship j program which hr.* proves to be very successful. The progrcn* have enabled | A u* to naintair a close association vith eoronlc* producer* cad hero *tia- i uleted their Interest dua to the theses, bibliographic*, cad literature survey* which here been published. In addition, vo hrve rtlsulctod the j l fecultie* la the cereclc* depextoesst* of our important unlveraltle* to i I thick la terna of lead, erd we believe that In the long run thl* will be < a very effective yet relatively Inexpensive program for the result* obtained. j < : As stated before, oee fellowship at Rutger* University has stlmisted seven ceramic* producer* to develop a high dielectric lead-beaxlag csrcalc lnrulator for electronics application. The feet that thl* develcpoent has been so successful will undoubtedly stimulate other research end la turn greater cocwx^ticc cf lead. We believe that tho progrcn la i960 will hsve equivalent results cad, therefore. Its coctlauatloo Is imperative. . Ceramic* fellowships (LP-12-1V-19-20-21-22-23-60) (&M Archlteo: tural Market, pago 6, Item V}." > S. k r 'i gm'JUTM* 1 wr 1 1^1.1u. iwwiggy*, ft..**-! wgwjrw rtm'imum*;'? j pw i. mfHjl .fUWJWWWgWIjWl 'qpgpwwr-- 3 i i -15- 1 PACT? MARKET j The Increasing ecceptanco of the letex vehicle point* In industry ad the potential lct< of nerket cf iec.1 coapouni* in thl mer. bocRii** of their incompatibility viUi letex vehicle* hove resulted In a rtrong rccoaoeolatloa of our Lend Pigtjer.t* Cocxilttee to Initiate a pro^rtra to develop compatible lead plgwr.ta for vcter-bose vehicle primer point*. It la bollevel that la the long tem, ualeaa tyla type of vork la carried out, vo vlil loae out te other priner material*. Uru* thla la defensive research vhlch If not i Initiated will mem e loaa of markets to u*. The need of the automotive end appliance Industry for en active plgnsat-veter-base prlner he* bea dlecuaeod, end auccea* In thla program could reeult la a *1techie market. i A further procren vhlch he* boen dlecuated previously la the study of theraal and spectral edatlve lead cacpounda vhlch try bare application la point* for bent trenafer bodloa. This la a funinner,tel research program ad vo vlll undoubtedly not eee a practical eppllcrtlon vlthln the lrxuediote future, hovever, the long-term possibility la there, end ve f*i the roeeerch Initiated la the peat Miould be continued to enable ua to take edvnntoge at thla market If our research proves succesaful. 1. Pcvel-praent of a Primer Print Incorporating Lord Compounds la Wetcr-Sclublc Verities. beccuso cf the possibility cf lead compounds ad leal plgients losing out due to the expansion cf the latex typ>e ooultloca. It la strongly urged that a program to inltinte-1 lncjedlctoly to undertake a study to fled lead plgnents compatible vlth these latex vehicles to noet the dccrcd* of the automotive end appliance lalurtrlca for voter-ecul* loo, k entl-corroilvc primers. The Ply*nta Cccrittcc, ea veil a* the Leoi Cberdeel i Uubcarsdttoe, strongly urged that thla program te Initiated procptly. It le believed that our position as a auppller of plpjent* vlll suffer droatledly I - unless vc flrd materials ccnpatlble vlth these nev systems vhlch ere ehovlag , Increasing acceptance. It la suggested that a sun cf 125,000 be sot aside for thla study to find lead pi goer,ta compatible vlth the nev latex system*. I At the present tine no stable eyeten la knovc, ecphaslring the urgency for t this research. f f t. 2. High Emission Load Compound* (LP-11-60) (See Electric and Electrode r Market, page 11, Item 2). rs \ rI' A& i i j e Lr i ! wiwpg ,1,'l'J.i I hl !! I W UIJJU LIA1717^ M^4t -ib- r.'TrSAXJSTH RESEARCH Vt ere recorncnding for a third yc> our fundamental study of lcibcee allays la binary, temrry r.'.'. 7^'rcrr-ary ryit<m*. W.urklryr with high purity Iced fM appropriate nllcylng elements, ve hcve discovered tew fact* that hove caused us to correct anr.y cf our pmiouj contentions on the effect* of alloying slemer.ts la lead. We feel that uitlartsly this will enable us to design new lend alloys, to have 0 far better understand* Icj cf Iced end lte alley ryettes, ard la turn to ett-iilate research lo other areas. The program bos answered nary questions previously ur-answrod, sad the dirider.de or. thi 1 research will he collected la tho year* to coo*. We highly recacxseod Its continuation. 1 V* hops to Initiate la tfcs imodlets future fundamental studies on ths sffset of surface charoe ter 1 sties oa the pochard cal cad ebdeal pa-opar- ) f tles of lead. Ve believe these studies to be carried out at the University Of Xelfcoumc vlll give us 0 fax greater understanding of lccd, lte dyncola 1 os veil as static behavior, so that ultimately ve can Inyrova Its performance. She uetaliurgi-nl fellowship also to be rvarded to the University of Melbourne vlll be initiated soon, ml v* rococixrrd the continuation of both theee programs Ths previously pcatloood fundamental lead chard cal prog-ms Mmu IA be reiterated here as being o part of our over-all fxadoaeetcl research effort. Ccly through fundmectol research will ve discover d s v facts la as* i areas to lead us an to ths l^-rovcmett of our product, ead at ths sens tio* find ssv areas for investigation end ths devalopoent of d s v Industrial, product*. fallowing are ths fundsncstel studies recemended for 1$60t 1. A Study of Lcfd-hrsc Alloys (LP-A-60) B>s Initial study of sl-ple binary systems ans progressed q-.tc veil sad o large mount of valuable fundamental data are now cvciiailo. Boceuse of the high quality of ths work sad the previous recocneadntlon for coctlnuatloo 00 into ths ternary phase of the program, it Is proposed that the wort be continued ct the ternlcctloo \ of the present progrea la May of I960. At that time it vlll be necessary to i renew the contract to continue the study of ternary, os veil as quaternary i slloys. These fundamental data are needed for the design of new allay systems u veil as to help explain past pheaooena which hrr# been observed but net odequately understood. Working with extremely pure leod cad alloying additions, the former data have boon rendered obsolete end on entirely asv ladsrevadlag of lead slloy systems is nov possible. It Is believed that for the lzxedlat* period as veil as la the future this work vlll be of greet value to the industry. A continuation at a rets of $26,500 Is therefore rteocxsBcdsd. 2, Pundmental Burfncs Ch-ractcrlsties of load _{LP-29-60) Shis fsllovshlp vhlch covers a fuDdamcr.tci study cf the surface characteristics of lead as It effects chemical properties Is rococxaendsd for continuation la i960. Although ths research vlll actually cot be initiated until February of I960, ths school oust kaov early In the fall of 1900 that the fellowship vlll be continued, and ths miles oust thereforo be emitted ct that tins. Hines this Is fundoasntal research vd.lch vlll take a number of years to bring to i cy successful conclusion, this work certainly should be supported for ths iH iiinm iniiui rmrm wniiwy j --:* LIA17176 -17ecood eoodenlc year at the mm rate of $4,000. 3. Le-d Mctdiurrif.-l fgllevtMr (LP-JI-fe) Thil fellovoMp initially approved in April ho* not a* yet been initiated eivhoc^i the cope nad eubjoct are being cor.." Herod. Bj c pragma 1* expected to begin In fobrunr* i960 at th* beginning of the Auttmlinn (Toledo year. Since it will be a fundcjentd. pragren which will toko e. msnbor of year# to bring to cay *ucce**ful ceoelueloa, thi* work certainly to r-pportod for tho *ecoad ocodenlc year at a rote of $*,000. It will bo Mccaaory to notify tho University in the fall cf i960 that wo intend to extend tho work, cad for this roeoon tho fuad* uirt bo budgeted although expenditure* will not begin until 1961. V. Load Organic Conjcrjad* (LP-IB-60) (8*0 Goaded Market, peg* 1J, itoo 5). 3:lteo 6 Organolond Chord rtr-y (LP-2&- 60) (See Chonlcal tfarket, peg* 13, ' l l f W* !>HWW>W .U lil 1 'i! j ^ jjWWiilH iy w w w y -Mil M >1 f1"Hill i ^mgmm 16- unrEsirouro r e s e a r c h nan Certainly during the cccing year there will be progroo euggevtlans presented to ui or ari gluttod within our industry which ve will vast to act upon without waiting for fund* to bo budgeted la 1961. Several progrea suggestions which nay require funding In i960 ore specified la the rubeocx-11tee acetlng nlnutes. At the tine of the oeetlngs the tree* were not rafflelectly defined to nclte a concrete budget recocsjeodation. Troblen areas ary cleo erleo during the year on which It Is necossory to act txpodltlcuily, cad finally progrens of interest acy arise in which ve con participate under a very advantageous arrangement if ve here the necessary funds available. TO cover these eventualities and also any contingencies arising froo our progrra, It Is strongly reeocaendod that $90,000 be sot aside In an uadesignoted research fund. Ibis will give us the flexibility to take advantage of opportunities arising during the year without which additional work of Interest to our industry nay not be initiated or ncy be seriously delayed. In eutraatloc, the progren ve here prorented is based upon the desire for izprqvaocnt of existing products, expansion of the rengs of application of existing products, end 4c. termaction of the fundamental data necessary to stlnulato further new areas for research end the further dcvelopoect Of new cud li^roved products. Bio progrci Includes short-tern, Intermediate, and long-tcm research in all the lrportant aerket areas where ve bellewe lead can conceivably be utilised. Sehrcde 7. ftedtka M. II IM-1 II HI 'H P f9 'SiLWv.'it *i LIA17178 S j: ] \ xjA-^y/jc-g: k s s e a e c s rreojux Tb* research pragrwa* roccnMi for I960 by the Metallurgical, Cbealcal, and XlectrocieKical Subcaoelttee* ere 11*ted belmn Metallurgical Bcaeorch nOOMH Bgxmgp aroorr 1. IP-B-fiO - "Fundeoontal IxrrertLgetion of lead Ponder Metallurgy 2. IP-2t>-60 - production of lead Ooated 8teel" J. lP-i-6o -*A Study cf Lead MM Alley*' V. IP-9-to --fiber Reinforced Lend" 5. LF-7-fio -'lead Aebertoe Pad* for Vlbra- tlcn Attenuation" 6. LP-lS-fiO - 'Leal for SouM Attenuatlcn* 7. IP-31-60 - Load Metallurgical Pallcwehlp at tha ltelror*ity of Melbourne 6. 'lead aal lead Cccpoeite Material* for Architectural Irtcrlori" 9- "Drternlnntlcc of Physical and Mechanical Property Data on Oomco lead Solder*' TOTAL $15,000 SO,000 26,900 25,000 10,000 90,000 4,000 20,000 20,000 $172,900 Chardool Me*oarefa 1. IP-10-60 - "lead Cbesleal*" 36,000 i 2- IP-11-60 "Bigh Sil**lon Lead Ca^owjd*" 4,000 I: Coctlauatlon Of Oerulc Pellovahipe IP-16-60 - 'Lead Organic Coapcunda" 84,100 20,000 I: IP-26-60 - "Oryinolead 'Investigation of Lead Cheaiitry" Ferroelectric Oergsound*' 30,000 3,000 Oeraalc fvllomhlp 7. "OeroRlc Glaze* far Light Weight Aggregate 3,000 Ihlldlng Block*" - Ceronlc Pellovshlp * 6. Uhd**Lgnotod Cersalc P*Hov*hlj> Pund 3,000 9- "Devalopoent of a Prlacr J^lct Incorporating lead Compound* and Water Soluble Vehicle*' 85,000 TOTAL $126,100 BeetrochCBlcal An*ecroh l,"Pundaa*otal Surface Choroctcrirtlee of lead" 4,000 2- "Pundeaastal Study of the H*etrcbenieel Ba barl or of Lead In Various Media Including Qrell* Condition*" 10,000 3. Slab Speed Plating of lead" TOTAL 10,000 $2^000" *pp w w in m w iii i p f .wq t W w M.U'jiin n J I m m ] I I'll Ii i i .Wjm*- II .. Iimiiuffi. "JII I#., vwnnw^m . lei' ".a IH --im ;!>. r .... iewe * i f V}*m*9 mmm yjpriyii f^gmmmw n111 -^W>qey^ju'ji wi-CTM1** i. im^wy.i^ LI A 17179 j-:-- 1* i i s uBTEsmy.Trs j s s z a x z nac It It r*ooondv4 tlaot >50,000 fe Mt aiid* for ndatlfostei rtcaroa. >50,000 -I-Z--1--D-1-R--X--S--&- UCT'"-'~ TOTH Nttallurfleel Ifcsteareii t?wrlncl Ik**arch Ctctroebalttl Ikuweh OrVWtltmfd Bttaaxcb faaA j osh 172,500 126,100 2^,000 50,000 137W" j_ IW W f f i WlWW iW I 'MIPI B I l.l, " > |P P M " IMI m i.J H W M -l W ....... l|P P > ^ l . f W ^ W 11, ** y "HHi/jR?-1- ''UWll,"'lv:^11^ l-.lllMl 1 iiup'y** , '.' y^