Document LJdbdvVp8O2DQR361gVdRx5rQ
TRADE-MAINTENANCE PRODUCTS Raaearch Report No. TM-110-A Interim
LEAD REMOVAL - EXTERIOR HOUSE PAINTS
Bys Mr. r . H. Ruricka Mr. R, W. Green Mr. J. E. Southwlck
Date* October 19, 1972 DPR: 2117-A,C Distribution! Mr. c. W. Wright - UCB
Dr. h . a. Kiefer - UCB Mr. O. L. Bechtel - UCB Mr. H. G. Beck - UCB Mr. P. G. Hidalgo Mr. E. B. Buchner Hr. R. p. Shong --------~Pt3. S. T. Bowel1 Mr. W. M. Tome Library M-E (2) File
OLD007079
-1 INTRODUCTION To comply with the Chicago regulation allowing a maximum of .06% lead on the total nonvolatile a program was initiated to remove all lead from solvent house paints. For investigative purposes our paints were divided into three groups as followsi A. Alkyd house paint - Y-1S01 B. Linseed oil house paints - y-1801 C. Exterior wood primer - Y-1851
6LD007080
-2
SUMMARY
1. Manganese in combination with zirconium actually retarded dry as the manganese content increased. This was observed in all 3 systems* Alkyd, Oil, Primer.
2. Manganese in combination with zirconium and cobalt retarded dry as the manganese content increased* all 3 systems.
3; Zirconium gives a tougher throughrdry. than lead yet the film remains flexible, as tested on the conical Mandrell; all 3 systems. v
4. High cobalt concentrations, up to 0.1396 metal for alkyds and 0.125% metal for oil, on vehicle solids, can be used without causing wrinkling if in combination with zirconium.
5. For feeder friers Troykyd Perma-Dry gives a boost to initial dry while Mooney #30 has no effect. Shelf stability is still being investigated.
6. Calcium as a "block" drier, or added to be absorbed by the pigment to prevent drier loss, has ho initial effect oh dry.
7. In all 3 systems lead-free drier combinations are equal to or better than the standard drier combinations.
Specific recommended drier combinations are ae follows* AIkyd House Paints - Y-1901
Standard
Prior
Lbs./lOO Gallons
E-303
E-325 E-347 E--396
0.50 1.34 6.43 4.30
Recommended Lead--Free
E-303
E--390 TroyKyd Perma-Dry
1.00 5.00
1.50
96 Metal on Vehicle solids
0.0161 Co 0.0323 Mn 0.6206 Pb 6.5072 Pb feeder
0.032 Co 0.16 Zr
Cost increase 2.Id per gallon over standard,
GL0007081
-3-
Velvet House Paint
Drier
E-303 E--347
Lbe./lOO Gallons
1.00 3.40
% Metal on Vehicle Solids
. 0.0625 CO 0.6375 Pb
Recommended Lead-Free
E-303 E--390
1.00 5.00
0.0625 Co 0.3125 Zr
Cdst increase 3.3d per gallon over standard.
B Oil House Paint - Y-1801
Standard
Drier
Lbs./lOO Gallons
% Metal on vehicle Solids
E--325 E-342 E-396 E--382
0.66 11.60
5.00 2.70
Recommended Lead-Free
0.0155 Mn 0.7269 Pb 0.5744 Pb feeder 0.0423 ca
E-303 E--390
TroyKyd Perma-Dry
3.00 5.00
1.50
0.0540 Co 0.1567 Zr
" -- -- --
Cost increase 3.4$ per gallon over standard.
Exterior Wood Primer - Y-1851
Standard
Drier
Lbs./lOO Gallons
% Metal on vehicle Solids
E-325 E--347 E--390
1.60 4.50 1.50
Recommended Lead-Free
E-303
B-390 TroyKyd Perma-Dry
1.00 5.00
1.50
0.0483 Mn 0.5436 Pb 0,0604 zr
0.0403 Co 0.2013 Zr
- -- ----
Cost increase 2*5$ per gallon over standard.
GLD0070B2
-4
At 50 F. and 70% R.H. the paints dried considerably slower than at more normal drying conditions; however, the relationships were the same. At 50 F and 70% R.H. all of the oil house paints wrinkled including the standard, which has no cobalt drier so no special significance could be attributed to the fact that cobalt drier was present in the new recommendations.
These paints will be checked again at 3 to 6 months shelf time to check for loss of dry and/lor any change because of the Mooney or TroyKyd feeder driers. Blister resistance tests for Y-1851 are to be completed.
Discussion
Paints were prepared as ''blanks", without driers, and then various drier additions were made to carefully weighed samples. These finished samples were then aged for 24 hours and checked for dry, on drawdowns (3 mils wet)r on seised Leneta charts. The drier combinations were tested under both normal exterior summer drying conditions and severe drying conditions in the environmental room.
t
i
i ii
;
GLD007083
-5-
CODE used in the following detailed listings> D Dry Through TF * Tack Free S Soft M Mushy E-303 Cobalt 12% E-325 - Manganese 9% E*-347 - Lead 36% E-396 ** Mooney Lead Feeder E-^390 Zirconium 12% E--371 ** Zinc 16% E-382 ** calcium 6% E-342 *= Lead 24% All dry time reported in hours.
CLOO'7064
0 r-
1I
fa
i cd o
in <iau A
S90i00ai9 II I II 1 IIIIII IIII
3 o
Vi
s
03
I i I I I t t&
o* c*
>4
I
3 &
H u a
>iO n
8_ o
sa
NN
N NN
vf
<kf
ro ro 1-4 1-1 !*l I"l H r4 m r-4 lOH 4 M H r-4
I Ii
II
I II I
I
II|I|
|
t'rN<JlrlriMI'*(DN10hffiOri4jlH(Or|rlOiCClCl)f,('Ifl<il04ilOI'
r-4 r-4 r-4 ,-4 r-l r-4r-4r-4 HHr4H r-i r-i
rl
t>l Vi Qc = ctn*s = asccj;s*
E3EEE3CSSCS3C
O ro
I I I 1 II IIII IIIIIIIIIIIItIIII
>4 *0 P >1 I
ti
(4 Q) < A
CM CO ro I W
r-
CO
I w
0 03 f*J > w
ID 03
ro 1 W
r~ -4' ro I W
1/3
04
CO i
w
fO
O ro i W
oin ion oin
r-4 r-4
I I I I I l I I I I t I II I I I 1iII I II I
I
I
O in
a it I I I r-4 I 4 I I I
<I1III<II4I<IIIIIIII
O 04
a04
04 I < I I I I M I I I 1
O04
a
I < i I I I I I C4 I l.l I I
0404 0 04 0401040404010404 04
in in omininintnininmintn
*
0404OWOOOOOOOO
ininino-omooom o o o
44air#t4ri
oi03 io co m oi o4 oi 04 04 oi 04 oi
oio4o4r-4in<Nininino4ininm
I .11
ro ro ro ro r r
Nf 4# Vt >3t
III
tI
ro to ro ro to ro co
4 <tt
4# 4f 4(f 4t 4f <tf
till
I I I I I IIII
ro O
ro n
vi` 313
%4` st
Ik) III
30 30
I I I IIII I II
I III I II I i || ||
30 30 30 0 0 10 4) OOtOtft} oo
ro 04 ro ro ro oi iO to in o in ro ro ro tn in
rr*
rrrtrrrrrrt
I --i H<)rl | rl rMOHHrlr-tH Hrl | | I I I
I t III
CO
UO 00 30 r
O - O
ii i r w M
in io oo 04
O O O r-t
CooOcOoCcCoOcCouinOiOnCcQoCcoQoCoOcCoOoCoDoCoOoCoOoCDOoCoQcCoOoOmOCoOo > 9 i O' >
o '3
p -p
V Vi Vi
r-4 oxo o coin
HnWOCO lHri
o> a *g oo
oo 03 oo ro to oo
r-4 I
<p 4-*
*Ti0>1
o3.7I`^~ii'Jro#s}4'1i=n=iHo= 4r1-=c#oo#iO-*r-r-t4<sI ir0o4 <1NI04t0iIoiHm.i-o4\jH'inH3oHr-H'(XH)H03N0
5m W <` S3 >*
rfcsfcO l>0 J> O O ####:
980^.00013
4> CM CM
i4} Si Of T* U V4 00 ** T? vJ'COOOO'j1
Q CM I I CM ^ ^ ^ CM CM CM | I CM CM CO CO CO ro CM &&&&<^ &&&&&&&&&&&&&
to u
op HCOmCMMCMrtCrOHt-rr'l-C-MM'COHOOfHOOrt'>n4O,''it`rCHONtMMONrN-l.C-lOJNO
o
B
H Si
,63428 63
S3
O oo O
o
ii o
sail all'll
o^3
o C..M.....S....l.S....t..".. CM CM StCM
SiN 64 W CM l>,\\ VC's
to
>iO
g
<U CO C
oO o
oo
ooooooooo o oooooooo tn in tn in tn in in in in
<
33 Si
i il ll l l l
M-s? W&fr
O
S| u
CM CM I OO^
SYS^YYSV $$QYYo
>1 St St St StCM CM
S inininio....i..o....i..n....i.n.....i.n.. in.
U U M It H\\
9CO
U 0) Eh A
SO^ fIoHHorrttorrHiOrttHOWlHrHrlHHHH 1, l Ndj ,oN,oNf tHft(iinH|^Hc| r|ft
Slftcfeiit&lfclM&ilScilkcliM&t&lhllfclP-lpHfctfa
CM &4E4E4&4E4fr`E4HEHEHE4EM&4Httfc4 SB i*
CD CO
Hi
I W I I i I I I I 1 I 1 > II II I I I I
X t>-
I
CO I
W I I I I I I I I I I I I II I I I I
0 m
oooooooooooooooooo
CO
1 cMcnorMinocMinocMinocMinocMiflo
&
wI
X r-l r-l X rM pM
0 VO O
CTi O
CO
i W
tn
l i I I I I i l I I II I l I III
c m! o
*# 10
ro V
I W
r-t
H l l l l I l I l l I l I l l l i
tn: vO
CM VO
CO i
0 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
n
CO ooooooooooo oooooo
0 CO 1 CMCMCMCOCOCOTt<f**CMCM # CO CO CO Mf Mf h* W CM
II I
oj fc*1* minN* H H Ok
sail
iii
i ti
iii
111
in in CM CM
CO CO i
O O
in II.
o vi
1 1 r-l
O ill r-l \>
* CM | O
in tn IP ID
k
CO
1
iiiii
CDOrtOOt r-C CM CM CM * St St St St St Vi H H Vi Vi
I I I II
II III
oin
III t
I I I II
itlii
oooo oooo
0 0 ft in in in in
o o
m
1.1
1
O .. : y>
t r-l HI | | |
VO o o o o VO CM tf VD if
i t OrlrlHH
1 III 1
CD 00 00 03 Mf Mf t* ** &&'& oooo CO CO CO CO glfs&l;
CICOOO
CM to CO CO
&&&&
5 4! 434!
co to c m
r-l CM CM CM
S&S:i!
till
I I I
I II I
III! ooo ooo ft ft Scltl
.1 rrl *-<
till is o Mf o m 1 rW 111
in m in o in in in r-i
t i O O O r-H
III1
O r-H CM CM
O hT
0 03 rH a 1 ij m co vi'm vc i-- c d at o -h c m io vj1 in vo c^- oo tn
O 0) * G"
o H* CM
G *0 O
CM T)
01 44 44 C- CO O O
1 44 CM to
M t>l co
Eh CO 0
r-H Si CO
80100019
to 00 <0 00 CO in
OswQvO vuQi wOCOrr--lr*---lpf-lr-rt~r*-lrr-il
CO 00 00 CD GO 00
fN f*i
y*-4
00
HHrlH I I I I I 1 *00111111 *o*| * .
o
IN
P' 10 00 r-t
5 g S^-5W 8 g 5^ S 2
>1 i>i >i
m fMcsninicMcvicMni h S to c m c m c m c m c m im fi K fi <M
M II H U u poop
(4 <o <0-4*10
1 IItII
Ai jb &i fct S fri t< t<
e>
DRIER COMBIKATtOS? L B S ./1 0 0 GALLOWS
> u a
ino Q) co
OR
oo S3 S3
CM V* H
f <4* O CM CM Ol HNMMr-l
&&&&
SNNNS I III I
I III I
Hi^nvo
ir&frfr.
III!
I III
p- p. 4J m N t^p- r- <yi in r- r- r-
IM CM C>1 nj Cl CM CM CM (N| nj CM ni CM f>l CM CM CM CM ni m CM CM CM c m ^
g U li & & & It n & H i:H b e Is ti b li 6 U & & Is &i
Mo*o4PoU*o*in0on0oin0on0on0on
IIIIIIIiII
II I I I |
M
2.9
g S al
E* Ai
cm
00 ro 1 W
o in i iii
IIIII
till
till
oin o<n om oin om omoinomoo
p i p pioppp
i l i I i I I li
IIIII
i i i it i i ti it it i i i lit t i i i |
e' en I w lilt
0
ooo o o oo o
P) POP*
1 m m in in
w
U> o
o
m I in W lilt
cm o <# 10 ro I W till
in 10 o o o o
CM V0 CM 10 ** m 0 00o I W3
m O to
W I IIII
CO
o
ion
t
*+oi
co cr o
tH to
H
IIII
ooo ooo
POP
in m o I -*
O OPPPOOPPOPOP p ,,
rMcsinocNinocMinocMinocMinocMinocMinocNinri r-l -> r4 *4 r4 r4 r4 Zj
lilt
Mo
MW
PiIkn
Wl li
oo 0o
I I CMCM
oo o* o*
HH
1I
U >
Q a
< 4J CM ro <4* ft 10
II III II1 11tIIII||1 || | o in u Uid o l * * i i I I I I I I l I I I I I l I l i
io o S3
i t III ili llll llllliiif.
I
i-n< ifiininoooSwSSSSoooSSmSSSooo
00
*4
*
k o p<3<inu)i'*00LriOr-<Nf>win!f>t'*Q0(fto<-!rMr'iMi,in iO'*.
U
aeoz-oocno o
4 o O 03 CM CM *-*
o 111 O) w to
l CM CM CM
rt'tri fa
HHH rCHrl o hhh in Ec c Ec
<*u>o3oo O VO
Iltllll'.llllll*'
?????
U)(OU)tCU)OHODvOtDU>(fitf){Ail4J4l(0(MMnO
DRIER COMBINATIONS L B S ./lO O GALLONS
t" i
*
10 S CM
aH
re
I I V. J?*57
o
SO re CO G
iE SB.
WH
I!
%a PM Cre Ec 04
CM 00 CO
I w
III
III
iI I
r~
pi
I w o
co
i W u>
CO
I w r
CO
I M
CM CO
I W
CO
0 co 1
in re 00 o 1o
s ja
tII
ooo ooo
(n in o
iIi
iti
III o in in in
* H H rM
co o o -vt in
e p H l) r-l re o
C 4J r4 >
4*4 in
Hco
r-i |
CM
N
in I ^ Y I ** co 10 I p I I co I I i
\7
lOiniOVDtOvfrlO'VrjCMCMCMCMCMCM
........ c m i i i r i
i
CM CM CM CM CM CM <*I.....C...M....C....M....C..M....C....M...C....M...v..t..l.D...l.O....t.n..
HfiSiniiiiSililiSifili&ii&tU
CM VD V0 CM
\l l\
II IiIIIIIIIIIII IIIIII|
oooo in in in in
f-i#-4-t-l
I I I t I I I I I I III I I I | |
IIIIIiII
I I I III II I II
I III II I I II II I
IIIIII
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO CM o o o
o#oooooooooooomooo oooo
CM CM CM CM CM t-c CM in HO r-C CM in *O-4 r- VO HO Hin I r-t CM in (OH
I I I I II I I I III I I II III II I
. oin
iCOvoCM
**
oo
IIII I I I II I I I I
I I I PC I I | |
O OO o
VO VO VO VO
I I1 II I I I II I I I
II III
oooooooooo
o piinnoooouuninio
in in in in in
till oo o o o
*'
O OD
4JOlOrCtMOr4N(OM`inU>r'-UCMP)vl'IA<ON(DOt
6- -
COMMENT
Host of the drier recommendations made. in this report are in line With the supplier* s recommendations with exception of the linseed oil house jpaint, Y-1801. The .0996 cobalt is excessively high in relation to the recommended amounts of .02 to .0496. The reason for this high amount was to achieve, equal dry to the standard lead combination under cold damp drying conditions in the environmental chamber. We have been told that cobalt drier in excess of .0496 will cause premature cracking and checking. Our own exposure reports of 1952 to 1956 show bad cracking when cobalt drier was used in Y-1850. (House paint - fume resistant.) We do not recommend issuing Y-1801 with ,0996 cobalt without adequate exposure history. If we had to issue a lead-free formula today we would go with a drier combination that would be 2 hours slower than standard under normal drying conditions and 6 hours slower under cold damp drying conditions. These drier studies for Y-1801 were done on the 10096 oil formula. Future work will be done with the c-pigment replacement formula vehicle system which replaces 0-131 bodied linseed oil with alkyd resin V-2385. It ishoped that the dry improvement will be sufficient so the cobalt metal levels can be reduced to a safer level and prevent possible cracking.
GLD007089