Document LJbxmV4x60yow77pLZz03jNQ3

FILE NAME: Ford (FD) DATE: 1983 Aug 22 DOC#: FD203 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Industrial Relations Bulletin - Asbestos INDUSTRIAL RELATIO N S BULLETIN pA7 I ULLcTm nTUs 8/22/83 I industrial Hygiene suajscT ` Asbestos RESPONSIBLE CISPT Employee Health Services SUPERSEDES . v*'1 Same 1 Asbestos is a generic tort that describee a variety of naturally occurring fil incombustible silicate minerals. Although tremendously valuable to industry, minerals have been closely linked to asbe steals, a degenerative lung-scarring altd to lung cancer. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has regulated employee exposure to asbestos since shortly after the agency* s : CSSA has defined asbestos, established standards for its use, and set permiss: sure limits. .The initial airborne asbestos fiber limits have been revised act 3egulations under the OSHA asbestos standard are covered in 29 CIS 1910.1001. exposure in Ontario is regulated under the Occupational Health and Safety Act Statutes of Ontario, I960 Chapter 321 August 1962}. Exposure limits present under the two regulations; however, industrial hygiene work practices to cacti and fiber as air are tbs sane. Six fibrous minerals, msinters of a family called silicates, are recognized as chrysotile (white asbestos), actinolits, amoaite (brown asbestos), anthophyll: srocidolite (blue asbestos) and tremoUta. Commercially, cfaryBotile is the me tant form- of asbestos, accounting for approximately 95? of the asbestos used 3 America. Some talc cantains various amonmts of asbestos. Asbestos has about 3DQ0 different uses, with approximately two-thirds being ui construction industry in building products, insulation, friction materials, u Manufactured products have included reinforced asbestos cernot sheets and pipe md taping compounds, floor and ceiling tiles as well as paints, coatings and containing asbestos as reinforcing fillers, pipe linings aid. fillers ter varic friction products include clutch fheings and brake linings for antomoMles and railroad oars, airplanes, and industrial machinery. A variety of other uses s including theater curtains, fire blankets and other thermal protection, filtrs materials and, until recently, dry wall patch compounds and imitation firepl&c Dace incorporated into manufactured items, hazards resulting from, asbestos are probable, as long as the substenoa is not disrupted. However, the fibers are indestructible, and a potential health risk arises whenever asbestos fibers ei free, resulting in airborne asbestos dust. Health Hazards ~ _ _ Asbestos exposure can cause asbastesis, cancer of the lungs and digestive trac mesothelioma. AsbestosiB is a diffuse fibrotic lung disease oaused by exposure to high conce of asbestos dust t* fiber, usually after several years of exposure. The case asbestosis apnears to depend on dust and fiber concentration, fiber shapes, tj asbestos, end'length of exposure. Usually, the disease becomes evident 20 or after the first exposure to asbestos. Once established, however, a highly dii pneumoconiosis can progress eves after exposure has cessed. -- Bronchogenic carcinoma (lung cancer) and mesothelioma of the pleura and peritc (cancfir of laomhrajioufl lining of tls ebsst usd abdoodttl c&TxfcaAo) o n &lso && with asbestos exposure. Excesses of cancer of the larynx, stomach, colon, am! have also been observed. Same forms of asbestos appear far more hazardous tha As with asbestosis, there can be ft long latent period, ganfirally more than 25 mesothelioma. The mechanism of action is'not currently known. Asbestos is di from most chemical carcinogens becauae it is not metabolized. Thus even limit sures to high levels leads to continuing presence of inhaled asbestos perticle - over - Ctt (o-Jl-O'L Bulletin Ho. 4 -2 - 8/2V fibers within the lung. These can translocate to the abdominal cavity end to oil tissues. The prognosis for asbestoais and asbestos-induced cancer is generally - Hisks of disease due to asbestos exposure hare not been defined clearly for all c national groups known to have significant exposure. Firm epidemiological data ar available early for heavily exposed workers employed in asbestos mining, aanufactu end insulation handling. However, there is evidence that the prohlem is acre win than previously believed and that workers from a variety of trades and occupation including painters, electricians, carpenters, machinists, boiler makers, pipefitt mechanics, welders, and others, nay he at increased risk. The issue of risk of d from asbestos exposure is further complicated in that smokers who have had asbesti exposure clearly have markedly increased riBk of developing lung disease related asbestos. Asbestos exposures within Ford Motor Company mar pocut from; . Insulated pipe covering for parts washers and cleaners, 'steam and hot water lia , Insulated coverings for boilers and associated parts in powerhouses. Drying o' and furnace insulation. Asbestos blocks, brides, sheets, sleeves. . Clutch and brake linings for various machinery and transportation equipment (p< ' presses, conveyor belts, hi-los, locomotives, tow tractors, tracks, automobile; . High temperature gasket materials for manifolds, pipes. . High temperature blankets, gloves. . Aabestoa-cattaining parting compounda, certain talcs, filtration media. Vaniovaa Exposure Since we do not manufacture asbestos materials, exposures are primarily limited to those who work with asbestos-containing product*. However, these exposures are no less significant. Employee exposure can. generally occur during material handling, *nij maintenance of asbeatos--containing friction materials. Exposure can occur dux grinding, Baving, sanding, drilling, or otherwise disturbing or finishing asbestos containing products. Demolition, removal, and repair of asbestos'coverings and coatings offer other sources of worker exposure Insulation removal or repair and brake and clutch servicing can be especially hazardous. Permissible Occupations! Exposure Limits (EEL) -- Breathing 2one Concentrations Eight-hour time-weighted average exposure: 2 fibers longer than 5 micrometers per cubic centimeter of"air (2 f/ce >5 pm). Ceiling concentration: 10 f/cc >5 JM. .. Ontario TVAE PEL for amosite, orocidolite, and other fcams.of asbestos are 0.5, 0. and 1.0 f/ee >5 job., respectively. The Ontario ceiling PEL for amoaite, crocidolrt and other forms are 2.5, 1 .0, and 5.0 f/ee>5 pei, respectively. ' Methods of Compliance . Engineering controls, such'as isolation, enclosure, local exhaust ventilation, ad dust collection are required and should be used to meet the PEL. . Comaliance with tbs PEL may not be achieved by sole use of respirators or shift rotation except under special conditions approved by Industrial Hygiene. . All Knnd m d power operated toalB, which may produce or release asbestos fibers in excess of the PEL, must be provided with local exhaust ventilation. . Insofar as practicable or unless the usefulness of tbs product would be dixims asbestos must be' handled, mixed, applied, removed, cut, scored, or otherwise ^ worked in a wet state. Vet methods of control are very effective in euppressin airborne asbestos fiber dust in pipe *d furnace insulation repair and demo Bulletin So. b - 3 - 8, . Employees who nay be exposed to asbestos should "be trained in safe work p end inforead of the provisions in the OSHfi. asbestos standard and in +Mg *. Every employee engaged in the spraying, demolition, or removal of asbasto containing material flhn~1l be provided appropriate respiratory protection special clothing (coveralls, hood and foot coverings, H gloves). , Only approved respiratory protection, suitable for tbs concentration of a expected, is to be provided. A respiratory protection program is mandato: certain operations. - Double lockers and special laundering procedures far aobestos-eontandnatei axe required. . Special change roams are required for exposures exceeding the BEL. Mnnit.nrinv j ' initial and periodic monitoring are required. Sampling frequency qK'H not i every six months for employees uhose exposure to asbestos may be foreaeon to the ISLs for the WAIT or ceiling concentrations. Medical Examinations ^replacement, annual, and terainetion-of-employment dir~] examinations are for employees who axe expoBed to, or era in excess of, 0.1 f/cc seven to eii tins-weighted average exposure. Medical examinations should as a mi medical history to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease, chest X-ray, pulmonary function tests. ` Exposure and medical records or any personal, environmental, and/or medical i oust be maintained for at least 20 years. Affected employees, their designal representatives, and OSHA and JT10SS representatives, unco request, would have to these records. ' Any employee found to have bean exposed to concentrations in excess of permit exposure limits shall be notified of this in writing within five days of the The employee shall also be timely notified of corrective action being taken. Signa and Labels . Caution signs shall be provided and displayed in areas where airborne aebeste trattcps may be in excess of the BEL. Signs shall be posted at each a diataj permit an individual to taka the necessary protective ne&sures before enteris contaminated area. * House topping ^ _ Surfaces should be leapt free of accumulations of asbestos if, with their disj there would bo excessive airborne concentrations. Additionally, asbestos was scrap, debris, clothing, and/or other items contaminated with asbestos should handled, collected, and disposed in sealed labeled impermeable bags. Asbeetc waste muot not be incinerated or discharged into community water i Specific information regarding waste disposal should be obtained from the Sta Source Environmental Control Office (SSEGO). Employee Training ' - ^ Employee Health Services has developed a slide and eaeaette tape^ summarizes pertinent information relative to asbestos aso, fondling, hazrdSj work nractiees, and monitoring of exposures. This presentation is gn plants in thair employee training efforts. - over - CAN: Bulletin No. k -k - 8/; Information and Industrial grtnene Services farther information regarding tbs OSEA asbestos standard may be obtained from Industrial Hygiene Services, 33-78955. Assistant can be provided regarding eaploypa exposure monitoring and analysis, appropriate respirators, approved vacuum sweepers, engineering controls, and other elements of the asbestos exposure standard.-.-It is recommended that materials suspected of containing asbestos be submitted to the Industrial Hygiene Laboratory for analysis prior to any handling that could generate airborne fiber and dust. A check list to ' help identify products containing asbestos is available from Plant Engineering Office, Manufacturing Staff (Manufacturing Practice No. 303, December 1981, "Employee Exposure to Asbestos Containing Non--Production Materials"). fwSntWtTutwrftrmofHrWt Ifeaufacturera of washers and industrial vacuums equipped with high efficiency fil end approved for asbestos dust control include: . Pord "Bottmda" Brake Vacuum (3^-0009) , ford "Botunda"'Brake Parts Vaaher (65-0016) . "Tornado TqxVbc" Brener Electric Manufacturing Company 7*01 Vest Lawrence Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60656 (312) 867-5100 . "Hako Minuteam" - Hako ffimiteman . - 111 South Bonte 53 Addison, ITlanoia 6(3.01 . (312) 627-6900 . "NiLfiuk* Jiilfisk of America, Incorporated 201 King Nuor Drive Xing of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19*0 (215) 277-3900 . other vacuums would be acceptable provided they meet filtration efficiency specif in the OSSA asbestos standard. Bulletin So. h - 3- 8 Employees who may be exposed to asbestos should be trained in safe work p end informed of the provisions ia the OSEA asbestos standard. *th n < , Every aiplayea engaged in the spraying, demolition, or removal of asbesto containing material shall be provided appropriate respiratory protection special clothing (coveralls, hood and foot coverings, and gloves}. . Only approved respiratory protection! suitable far the concentration of & expected, is to be provided. A respiratory protection program is mandato certain operations. . Double lockers and special laundering procedures for asbestos-contaminate* are required. . Special change rooms are required for exposures exceeding the EEL. Mean taring Tintial and periodic monitoring are required. Sampling frequency ah*n not every six months for^pmployeea whose exposure to asbestos may he foreseen to the Ls for the TWAfT'or ceiling concentrations. Exam-inations Prepiacemsst, annual, and teradiation-of-entplqyment medical emdnstims are for employees who are exposed to, or were in excess of, 0.1 f/ec seven to ei time-weighted average exposure. Medical examinations inci^d* as a mi medical history to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease ehsat Z-rity pulmonary function teats* Heeordhaaping Exposure and medical records or any personal, environmental and/or medical i must be maintained for at least 20 years. Affected employees their designs' representatives, and OSBA and K10SH representatives, upon request, would havi to these records. * Any employee found to hsve been exposed to concentrations in excess of permii exposure limits shall be notified of this in rating within five days of the The employee shall also he timely notified of corrective action being taken. Siena and labels Caution signs shall be provided and displayed in areas where airborne asbesti tratioss may be in excess of the SSL. Signs "hull ba posted at such a distaj permit on individual to take the necessary protective measurea before enteris contaminated area. Housekeeping _ Surfaces should he kept free of accumolatians of asbestos if, with tbeir diaj there would be excessive airborne eanoentrations. Additionally, asbestos vaj scrap, debriB, clothing, and/or other items contaminated with asbestos ehouli handled, collected, sad disposed in sealed labeled impermeable hags. Ashes* waste must net he incinerated or discharged into community water Specific information regarding waste disposal should be obtained from the St Source Environmental Control Office (SSECd). Employee Training ^ Employee HaaimServices haB developed a slide m d esseatU typepsenta_ sSmariKB pertinent information relative to asbestos noe, handliug, h a ^ s S V a c t i Z s , and nonitcringof exposures. This presentation is dsaxgned plants in their employee training effortB. over - rfikl Bulletin Ko. k -k - a/ Information and Indstria! Hygiene Servicea Further information regarding the OSHA aahestoe standard may he obtained from Industrial Hygiene Serviceo, 33-79955- Assistance can be provided regarding enplayea exposure monitoring and analysis, appropriate respirators, approved vacuum sweepers, engineering controls, and other elencata of the OSHA asbestos exposure standard.'.'It is recomniendRd that materials suspected of containing asbestos be submitted to the Industrial Hygiene Laboratory for analysis prior to any handling that could generate airborne fiber and dust* A check list to ' help identify products containing asbestos is available from Plant Engineering Office, Manufacturing Staff (Manufacturing Practice Ho. 303, December 1981, "Employee Exposure to Asbestos Containing Kon-Productiou Materials"). Mstoufacturers of vashars and industrial vacuums equipped with high, efficiency fi! approved for asbestos dust control include: . Ford "Botmda1' Brake Vacuum (t--0009) . Ford "Botnnda*`Brake Farta Vaeber (65"Ol6) . "Turnado TorVae* - Stanar Electric Manufacturing Company 7toL Vest lawrance Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60656 (332) 867-5100 - . "Bato Misuteman" - Hako MSuntemsm . - 111 South Monte.53 Addiac, TV^inni-i 60101 . (312) 627-6900 . "Kilfiok" Hilfisk of America, Incorporated 2CH Sing Mbnor Drive Ving of Prussia, Pennsylvania 1 9 ^ (215) 277-3900 . Other vacuums would be acceptable provided they meat filtration efficiency specif in ti OSHA asbestos standard. INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS BULLETIN o/22/&$ J . ' Industrial Hygiene Asbestos Brake and Clutch Servicing (Supplement to. Bulletin No. 4) 55-ONSIBLSD-T ' " -----r Employee Health Services j Tu-Estet.es '----------- r1gr^-1 How ! p following procedures are recommended to minimise asbestos dust exposures di orate and clutch servicing of trucks, tractors, trailers, automobilea, Loccmoti fDrirli-Tte, and tow tugs. Strict adherence to these procedures will eliminate exposures of mechanics to asbestos during brake and dutch Servicing.' 1. An area fifawld be designated for all brake and clutch repairs- The normal maintenance area for tug tractore and forklift trucks could serve as the designated area for these plant vehicles. Entrances into this area TMv> b posted during brake and clutch servicing with en asbestos exposure , ASBESTOS . Oust Hazard Avoid Breathing Dust - Wear Assigned Protective Equipment Bo Hot Barnaul in Area Colcas lour ork fieouires It Breathing Asbestos Bust May Cause Aeheetoeia and Cancer 2. Only essential personnel should be present in the insediate naiateoenee area during brake and dutch servicing. . 3 During brake servicing, an air purifying respirator, either aingle-use or wi replaceable particulate filtar(s), as approved by Industrial Hygiene and ffim Enforcement and Safety Administration (forsarly Bureau of MiaaaJ or NIOSH, a be worn during all procedures starting-with removal of wheel and including reassembly. Daring manual dutch servicing, each a respirator Hull be worn during removal and cleaning of clutch, pressure plate, and housing assembly, and during installatioa of new clutch assembly. b. Dust shall first he cleaned iron brake drums, brake backing plates, brake aaasnhlies and dutch assemblies using an industrial type vacuum leaner equ: with a high efficiency filter system efficiency for 0.3jm diameter aei After vacuum cleaning, any remaining dust shall be removed usang a rag seated tarter wrung until nearly dry. tfryfor no circumatanoBB shall coanreBBed ai or dry tgw^^ng 1 uaad for cleaning. See Industrial Hygiene Bulletin HoT >i for approved vacuum cleaners.i ' - 5. During arcing and riveting operations, an approved respirator, as described i (d) above, shall be worn.' grinding (arsing) machines shall be provided with local sxhaast ventilation such that exposures are maintained below tha OSHA. asbestos standard (29 CFE 1910.11X0.}. At a annincm,jiast tegof the arcing mpefrin,. bayi be removed and replaced with hose of high efficiency industrial vacuum described in (k} above. - During removal of vacuum bags, an approved respirator, aa describedan (3) ab Bw-n fa worn. Industrial vacuum cleaner bags containing asbestos dost, clot ^ used fox wiping brake and clutch assemblies, and other asbeBtoe-coataaifla-ted S w T L S * ^d i. piti= >*=41.W.4 printed in lsttere of sufficient tone and contrast to be resdaly visible and legible . CAUriQH Contains Asbestos Tibero Avoid Breathing Dost . Breathing Aabestos Dust ly Cause Aabestosis - over -- CANI 0' 1/Ofiil' Bulletin Ho. ta. - 2 - 6/25/83 6. Ccontinued) . 11 asbestos waste vast be disposed in accordance vith DSHA asbestos regulati end the appropriate sections of Subpart B-National Emission Standard for 1st Title 1*0 -Protection of the Environmentj Chapter 1, Environwntal Protection Agency. Asbestos-containing vasts must not be incinerated or discharged intc commmity water supplies. Specific information regarding waste disposal shot be obtained from the Stationary Source Environmental Control Office (SSBCD). 7. A H floor cleaning in areas where brakes and clutches are repaired should bo one with the high efficiency industrial vacuum cleaner as described in (U) t Grinding (arcing)machinea shall also be cleaned with this vacuum cleaner and remaining dust wiped with a damp doth. An approved respirator, as describee (3) above, shall be used during this cleaning. S. Although adherence ta^above procedures should minimise contamination, of work clothing, it is recommended that the appropriate portions of OSSA regulation! an asbestos concerning special clothing, change rooms, etc. be followed. duPont "Tyvek" disposable coveralls ere acceptable far these asbestos-product maintenance operations. . ' 9. Industrial hygiene work practices in this bulletin and the DSHA. asbestos expo standard ghHfld be provided to *n employees with potential exposure to aabes at brake clutch servicing end reviewed with their designated representati msmm