Document LJ8gGQ1e9M7Zym2G5oQngjgXQ
MONSANTO MODIFIERS
for Thiokol* polysulfide liquid polymers
r...
----------------- - -.............................................
TECHNICAL BULLETIN N o. PL-3 31
APRIL 1962
Monsanto
ki
ST. LOUIS 66. MISSOURI 0508777
TOWOLDMONOQ34340
INTRODUCTION
Thiokol* polysulfide liquid polymers, essentially difunctional mercaptans, are easily converted in-place to rubber-like materials. Cured polysulfide-based compounds are noted for their out standing oil and solvent resistance, excellent resistance to weathering (oxygen, ozone, and light), good electrical insulation properties, resilience, impermeability to gases, and a broad service-temperature range (from --55 to 175C). They are used in potting and casting com pounds, sealants, adhesives, coatings, and in combinations with epoxy and phenolic resins.
The choice of materials and concentrations used in formulating finished compounds depends upon the requirements of the application. The purpose of this bulletin is to discuss several Monsanto modifiers that enable the formulator to reduce the cost of polysulfide-based com pounds without detracting appreciably from the useful characteristics of these compounds.
We acknowledge, with thanks, the cooperation of the Thiokol Chemical Corp. in the prepara tion of this bulletin.
CONTENTS
MONSANTO MODIFIERS COMPATIBLE WITH POLYSULFIDES..................................... 1
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MONSANTO MODIFIERS........................................................ 2
MONSANTO SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................
4
POLYSULFIDE APPLICATIONS....................................................................................................... 6 Joint-Sealant Compounds ....................................................................................................... 6 Casting Compounds................................................................................................................. 7 Flexible Polysulfide-Epoxy Formulations ........................................................................... 7 Adhesives for Concrete ........................................................................................................... 8
TECHNICAL BULLETINS ON MONSANTO MODIFIERS...................................................... 8
^
The information contained in this bulletin is. to our best knowledge, true end accurate, but all re commendations or suggestions are made without guarantee, since the conditions of use are beyond our control. The Monsanto Chemical Company disclaims any liability incurred in connection with the use of these data or suogestions. Furthermore, nothing contained herein shall be construed as a recommendation to use any product in conflict with existing patents covering any materiel or its use.
Thiokol: Registered trademark of the Thiokol Chemical Corp., Trenton, N. J.
050B778
TOWOLDMONOQ34341
MONSANTO MODIFIERS COMPATIBLE WITH POLYSULFIDES
AROCLOR* Compounds The Aroclor chlorinated biphenyls and terphenyls are highly compatible with polysulfide liquid polymers and offer an attractive means of reducing formulation costs. Although the Aroclor compounds are compatible up to 100 PHR, the concentration to be used depends upon the handling and performance properties required in the finished com pound. The formulations shown in this bulletin suggest a maximum of 15 parts of Aroclor plasticizer for sealant compounds and a maximum of 40 parts for casting compounds. Liquid Aroclor compounds (such as Aroclor 1248) are used to give reduced casting vis cosity and higher filler levels, whereas the resinous and solid Aroclor compounds (such as Aroclor 5460) are useful where low volatility is desired. The 12 available Aroclor compounds offer a range of physical properties.
HB-40*
HB-40 hydrocarbon plasticizer is compatible with polysulfide liquid polymers up to 40 PHR. Like the Aroclor compounds, IIB-40 offers reduced viscosity in formulation plus reduced costs.
Dibutyl Phthalate Dibutyl Phthalate is also compatible up to 40 PHR and is used both as a plasticizer and as a grinding medium for the peroxide curing agents.
SANTICIZER* M-17 Santicizkr M-17 glycolate plasticizer is frequently used to give improved low-temperature characteristics in combination with the Aroclor compounds.
Mod-Epox* Mod-Epox epoxy-resin modifier reduces viscosity of polysulfide-epoxy resin blends for easier handling and application; it also lowers the overall cost.
Aroclor, HB-40, Mod-Epox, and Santicizer: Monsanto Chemical Company trademarks, registered in the U. S. Patent Office.
0508779
TOWOLDMONOQ34342
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MONSANTO POLYSULFIDE-MODIFIERS
Property
Molecular Weight............................... Refractive Index, 25C.......................
Density, 25C, lb./gal........................ Crystallizing Point, C......................... Pour Point, C................... .........................
Boiling Point, 760 mm Hg, C..........
Vapor Pressure, mm Hg 150C ...................................... 200C ...................................... 300C .....................................
Viscosity, ............................................. 0C ........................................ 37.8C (100F)..................... 25C ........................................ 54.4C (130F).....................
98.9C (210F)..................... Surface Tension, 20 C, dynes/cm.. Flash Point, F..................................... Fire Point, F.......................................
Specification
AROCLOR 1221
1.617-1.618 (20'C) 9.85 1
275-320
*38-41 (SSU) 35-37 (SSU) 30-31 (SSU)
286-302 349
AROCLOR 1242
1.627-1.629 (20C) 11.50 -- 19 325-366
*82-92 (SSU) 49-56 (SSU) 34-35 (SSU)
348-356 none to b.p.
AROCLOR 1254
1.639-1.641
<20*C)
12.82 10
365-390
1800-2500 (SSU)
none to b.p. none to b.p.
087B0 0^>
TOWOLDMONOQ34343
(0
AROCLOR 460
-- 1.660-1.665
(20C) 13.91
--
*98-105.5 (softening) 280-335 (5 mm Hg)
z
--
.__
-- -- -- -- --- none to b.p. none to b.p.
HB-40
-- 1.5600-1.5750
8.37 -- -26
345-396
2 15 230
70.0 29.0 -- ------
3.8 40.1 (25C)
345 385
Dibutyl Phthalate
278.34 1.4895-1.4915
8.72 < --35
-40
340.0
i 9 300
55.0 -- 15.6 --
2.4 35 340 395
Santicizer M-17
266.24 1.504
10.20 < --35
-26
310
0.5 8 600
1476 -- 82.0 -- 2.8
43.6 (25C) 380 ------
Mod-Epox
-- *1.587-1.590
9.83 25
--
360
--
11 (220C) ------
__
-- ----------------- 375
525
3 0b087l
TOWOLDMONOQ34344
MONSANTO SPECIFICATIONS
Appearance .............................................
Aroclor 1221
{colorless mobile oil
Acidity, meq. KOH/g............................. Color, APHA............................................. Moisture (KF in methanol), %............ Odor .......................................................... Specific Gravity, 25/25C....................
0.014
100
-- -- 1.182-1.192 (25C/!5.5*C)
Aroclor 1242
practically colorless, clear, mobile oil
0.010
100
50 (ppm)
-- 1.381-1.392 (25715.3*0
I
Aroclor 1254
flight-yellow viscous oil
0.010 100
50 (ppm) --
1.495-1.505 (65715.5*0
#
ObO&l&l
TOWOLDMONOQ34345
1C
Aroclor 5440
dear, yellowlo-amber, brink resin or flakes
fO.OS
1 (NPA)
--
-- f 1.670
HB-40
{practically colorless, oily liquid
-----150 125 (ppm) {Faint, Characteristic 1.00M.007 (25/15.5C)
Dibutyl Phthalate
Santicizer M-17
clear, water-white oily liquid with no sediment or turbidity
clear, practically white, oily liquid, with no turbidity or sediment
0.12 20 0.15 Slight, Characteristic 1.044-1.048
0.33 20 0.15 Slight, Characteristic 1.217-1.227
Mod-Erox
oily liquid or light-yellow solid
0.2 (mg KOH/g) 150
-- --
1.179-1.183 (30715.5C)
I TOWOLDMONOQ34346
POLYSULFIDE APPLICATIONS
Joint-Sealant Compounds
Curtain-wall construction, which is growing rapidly, requires large quantities of permanently flexible, strongly adhering sealants. The Aroclor compounds have long been used as costreducing modifiers for polysulfide polymers in this and other construction applications. Seal ant compounds are also widely used to seal concrete joints in airport runways and to impart skid-resistant surfaces by bonding abrasive particles to highways and bridges. The following formulation illustrates the use of Aroclor 1232 in a joint-sealer formulation:
JOINT-SEALANT COMPOUND FOR CURTAIN-WALL CONSTRUCTION
Ingredients
Parts by Weight
Tkiokol LP-32 polysulfide Phenolic resin Aroclor 1232 Calcium carbonate Titanium dioxide Stearic acid Sulfur
100 5 5-15
40 10
1 0.1
C-5 paste (lead peroxide, 50%; dibutyl phthalate, 45%; stearic acid, 5%: passed three times through a tight paint mill.)
#
Properties
Cast sheets, after cure of 7 days at room temperature:
Tensile strength, psi Elongation, % Hardness, Shore "A"
150-250 500-700 30*40
6
ti
050878*
TOWOLDMONOQ34347
Casting Compounds
Solvent-resistant gaskets of polysulfide polymers may be poured and cured in-place. Either dibutyl phthalate or Aroclor 1248 may be used to modify polysulfide casting compounds, as exemplified by the following starting formulation:
Ingredients
Thiokol LP-2 polysulfide Dibutyl phthalate (or Aroclor 1248) Zinc sulfide Sulfur C-5 paste (See previous formulation)
Parts by Weight
100 20-40 40
0.1 15
Properties
Cast sheets, after cure of 7 days at room temperature:
Tensile strength, psi
150-200
Elongation, %
300-400
Hardness, Shore "A"
25-35
Flexible Polysulfide-Epoxy Formulations
Epoxy resins are made flexible by modification with about equal amounts of polysulfide resins, The viscosity of the resulting formulation is markedly decreased, for easier handling and ap plication, by incorporation of Mod-Epox, which also permits the use of less epoxy curing agent, reduces the overall cost, increases bond strength, yet has very little effect on aging, as indicated by the following formulations:
ROOM-TEMPERATURE AGING OF FLEXIBLE POLYSULFIDE-EPOXY FORMULATIONS
Ingredients
Thiokol LP-3 Epon* 828 epoxy resin Mod-Epox Dielhylenetriamine
Parts by Weight
100 100 100 100 -- 25
12 8
Properties
After cure at 23C for: 10 days 10 weeks
Registered trademark of Shell Chemical Co.
Hardness, Rockwell
---69R
-- 35R
-- 79R
-- 32R
7
0:>08?8!>
TOWOLDMONOQ34348
Adhesives for Concrete
Formulations based on polysulfide liquid polymers and epoxy resins, and modified with Aroclor compounds or Mod-Epox, are frequently used as adhesives for concrete. These ad hesives are excellent for repairing and patching concrete floors and highways, and they permit fresh concrete to be bonded to old concrete. They are also used to bond pre-cast or broken concrete parts together, as well as metal parts to concrete. As concrete sealers, they speed hardening, curing, and dustproofing of fresh concrete; and they resist freeze-thaw, salt, and scraper damage to highways.
TECHNICAL BULLETINS ON MONSANTO MODIFIERS
Complete details of the properties, applications, and performance of the Monsanto modifiers for polysulfide liquid polymers are included in the following technical bulletins, which are available without obligation from Monsanto's Organic Chemicals Division, in St. Louis, or from any Dis trict Sales Office:
Number
PL-306 PL-40 PL-302 PL-17 PL-313
Title
The Aroclor Plasticizers HB-40 Dibutyl Phthalate Santicizer M-17 Mod-Epox
WFW:L$$.|.SM.4:M
#
OiObJtib
TOWOLDMONOQ34349
AKRON
ATLANTA IOJTON CHICAGO CINCINNATI CLEVELAND DETROIT HOUSTON LOS ANGELES MINNEAPOLIS NEW YORK PITTSBURGH SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE
SYRACUSE
WILMINGTON MONSANTO CHEMICALS LTD. London
MONSANTO CHEMICALS (AUSTRALIA) LTD. Mtlbowrno
MONSANTO (CANADA) LTD. Monlrool Toronto Voncouvor
umiisn I>1' I I'l ir '<< III I <nr /Ill n V
ir rlu II" tills <11 nsn,)i SUO ninth I mil In i i/h /</<'(/.
it touts (I, MISSOURI
0508787
TOWOLDMONOQ34350