Document LJ7yzQ2JVaexpGLVENqer2znz

W. TOMC APR 24 1972 BULLETIN ICC-8 September, 1971 LEAD-FREE PIGMENTATIONS Pigment reformulating by paint manufacturers has been necessary as the result of Government restrictions on the use of lead in coatings. Public Law 91-695, "Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act," is a recent development applied to Federally financed housing. Although this law has been effective since January, 1971, no additional re strictions on tiie use of lead-based paints have yet been imposed. The extent and nature of these restrictions will be dependent on the implementing regulations to be de veloped by the Secretary of HEW. /" Thi^ bulletin is being issued in answer to many requests for assistance in re' placing lead-containing standards. It provides pertinent information concerning Imperial colors that will meet the lead-free requirements when approximating coatings pigmented with chrome yellow, molybdate orange, and chrome green. This bulletin is intended to give general relationships and to help familiar ize you with Imperial pigments for lead-free coatings. The actual formulations and final decisions must be based upon the formulators' own tests. The follow^ ing recommendations were based on color comparisons prepared from alkyd enamels. Approximate cost relationships were obtained from masstone enamels at similar hiding, and tint enamels at similar strength. Experienced formulators are well aware of the problems involved in making these substitutions. In general, the organic pigment substitutes are higher in cost and lack the tint lightfastness, opacity, working properties, hue characteristics, and nonbleeding properties of the lead chromates. Deficiencies in organic pig ment working properties are accentuated when working in the masstone ranges. These problems include high viscosity and puffiness. The masstone lightfastness of organic pigments will be as good as, or better than, lead chromate pigments in most cases, and chemical resistance will be improved in both masstone and tint applications. ' * ` `mcisumo t r a d Cma h k or HtAcin.ES tNCOAAonAico ton c h e mic a l c o l o r s a n d n c u c n t c . Because we cannot anticipate or control the many different conditions under which this information and our products may be used, COATINGS & SPECIALTY we do not guarantee the applicability br the accuracy of this information or the suitability of our products in any given situation. r.rr>rTni-n-- Usets of our products should make their own tests to determine the suitability of each such product tor their particular purposes. PRODUCTS DEPARTMENT The products discussed are sold without warranty, either express or implied, and buyer assumes ail responsibility tor loss or dam- urnruLES in c o r p o r a t e d age arising from the handling and use of our products, whether done in accordance with directions or not. Also, statements con cerning the possible use ot our products are notintended as recommendations to use our product; in the infringement of any patent. Wilmington, Delaware 19899  HERCULES ICC-8 Page 2 of 8 Lead-Free Pigmentations Versus Chrome Yellows and Molybdate Orange (Masstone and Tint) Hansa-type yellows and dinitroaniline orange were selected as the basic com ponents for these pigmentations. Some information is also included recommend ing diarylide yellows and oranges for more bleed- and heat-resistant, but less lightfast, coatings. Reasons for specific pigment selections can be summarized as follows: 1. Imperial X-l 351 and X-l 956 were selected for masstone pigmentations because they are the cleaner and more opaque standards. Tint com parisons are furnished for the formulator who wants to keep the num ber of standards at a minimum and is working only with interior finishes. 2. Imperial X-3051, X-2846, and X-2910 were selected for tints because of their superior tint lightfastness. They are among the most lightfast hansa types available, but they will fade on exterior exposure and must be checked carefully for this application. They will require some back up with iron oxides to obtain even moderately good performance in light tints. 3. Imperial X-3410 provides an intermediate degree of tint lightfastness. It is less lightfast than X-2846 and more lightfast than X-l351. It is stronger and better in money value, at equal strength, than either X2846 or X-l 351. It is less red in tint hue, however, and loses this money value advantage when it is necessary to redden it with higher priced products. 4. Imperial X-2864 is a fairly lightfast, opaque diarylide yellow that lies, ~ in redness, between light and medium chrome yellow. Shading with X-2065, diarylide orange,is recommended for redder hues. For greener masstones, X-2476 (opaque-type diarylide) can be used. For greener tints, X-2485 (high-strength diarylide) will provide the best money value. 5. Imperial X-881 (dinitroaniline orange) provides an approximate match for molybdate orange. It is fairly opaque but does bleed. It has very good lightfastness in masstone shade, but it must be evaluated for tint lightfastness where prolonged exposure is anticipated. MEW. 1500R C^D GLD012185 riONTtO IN V ft A.  HERCULES ICC-8 Page 3 of 8 Lead-Free Pigmentations Versus Chrome Greens (Masstone) 1. Combinations of hansa yellow, titanium dioxide, and iron blue can be used for chrome green masstone shades. Cost will be higher at similar hiding, and film durability poorer, but lightfastness and acid resistance will be improved. Substituting phthalocyanine blue for the iron blue will give a more lightfast, more chemically resistant, but also a more expensive pigmentation. 2. Chromium oxide shaded with phthalocyanine green or blue offers a narrow range of depths, but provides excellent performance in both masstone and tint. Costs are higher at similar hiding. The phthalo cyanine green combination provides the better color match at higher cost. 3. Zinc chromate plus iron blue will provide a very pale, clean green with moderately good lightfastness. Yellow oxide can be used for shading, but good color matches are difficult. Hiding is poor and costs slightly higher at similar hiding. Staining on white areas below the trim may occur because of the leaching o^solubleAihromate. Although this pig mentation is lead free, zinc chromate/ does not rate as well as lead chromate in Acute Oral Toxicity tests (AOT-LD60). Specific recommendations for approximating primrose, light, and medium chrome yellows; molybdate oranges; and chrome greens are listed on the follow ing pages. Cost ratios are included and suggestions limited strictly to interior applications are indicated. Since titanium dioxide is an integral part of the masstone pigmentations, cost ratios are based on total pigment. Cost ratios of the tint pigmentations are based only on color pigment to give a truer cost relation ship in a wide range of tints. In summary, the information contained in this bulletin is intended to give the formulator a base for his study of lead-free coatings. HER 15Q06 Cro GLD012186 rHINTEO IN U S. A. J HERCULES ft ICC-8 Page 4 of 8 Color Number X-3051 X-1351 X-2846 X-2910 X-3410 X-1956 X-2864 X-2476 X-2485 X-2065 X-881 X-3163 A-4433 X-3367 X-1134 X-883 610 630 1200 1203 Pigments Used in Lead-Free Recommendations Color Index Color Name Type Name Number EmpressTM Yellow 10G Horicon Yellow Empress Yellow Empress Yellow R Empress Yellow GS Yellow Toner Sahara Yellow Sacandaga Yellow Amazon Yellow Oswego Orange Nippon Orange Toner C.P. Blue MonarchTM Green Monarch Blue CFR C.P. Chromium Oxide C.P. Zinc Yellow Yellow Oxide L Yellow Oxide DO Red Oxide Red Oxide Hansa Hansa Hans8 Hansa Hansa Hansa Diarylide Diarylide Diarylide Diarylide Dinitroaniline Iron blue Phthalocyanine Phthalocyanine Chromium oxide Zinc chromate Iron oxide Iron oxide Iron oxide iron oxide Pigment Yellow 3 Pigment Yellow 6 Pigment Yellow 73 Pigment Yellow 75 Pigment Yellow 74 Pigment Yellow 6 Pigment Yellow 76 Pigment Yellow 14 Pigment Yellow 12 Pigment Orange 13 Pigment Orange 5 Pigment Blue 27 Pigment Green 7 Pigment Blue 15 Pigment Green 17 Pigment Yellow 36 Pigment Yellow 42 Pigment Yellow 42 Pigment Red 101 Pigment Red 101 11710 11670 -- -- 11741 11670 -- 21095 21090 21110 12075 77510 74260 74160 77288 77955 77492 77492 77491 77491 Hue and Cost Comparisons ) Lead-Free Pigment (Hansa Type) Versus Primrose Chrome Yellow Cost Ratios (Lead-Free Pigment: Lead-Free Pigmentation Chrome Yellow) Versus X-3215 Total Pigment Color Pigment* RegalTM Yellow Primrose Hue (Similar Hiding) (Similar Strength) Masstone 76.3% X-3051 3.7% No. 630 oxide 20.0% Ti02 Slightly redder 2.25 Tint 87.5% X-3051 12.5% No. 610 oxide Close redness -- 1.27 Chroma yellow pigmentation: 1054 X-3215 9054 Titanium dioxide (rutile) GLD012187 HEP 15006-Cr>0 PRINTED IN USA {HERCULES ICC-8 Page 5 of 8 Hue and Cost Comparisons Lead-Free Pigment (Hansa Type) Versus Light Chrome Yellow Cost Ratios (Lead-Free Pigment: Lead-Free Pigmentation Chrome Yellow) Versus X-2548 Total Pigment Color Pigment* C.P. Light Yellow Hue (Similar Hiding) (Similar Strength) Masstone 60% X-1351 40% Ti02 Close redness; dirtier 1.96 -- Tint (Interior Only) 100% X-1351 Tint (More Lightfast) 76% X-2846 24% X-2910 A little less red; cleaner Close redness; cleaner -- -- 1.27 1.45 Tint (Intermediate Lightfastness) 50% X-3410 50% X-2910 `Chrome yellow pigmentation; 10% X-2548 80% Titanium dloxid* (rutlls) Close redness; cleaner -- 1.45 /j ' Hue and Cost Comparisons Lead-Free Pigment (Hansa Type) Versus Medium Chrome Yellow Cost Ratios (Lead-Free Pigment: Lead-Free Pigmentation ______________ Chrome Yellow) Versus X-2541 Total Pigment Color Pigment* C.P. Medium Yellow Hue (Similar Hiding) (Similar Strength) Masstone 30% X-1956 40% X-1351 30% Ti02 Slightly redder; dirtier 4.18 Tint (Interior Only) ^ 100% X-1956 Tint (More Lightfast) 100% X-2910 Tint (More Lightfast) 1.4% No. 1200 oxide 98.6% X-2910 'Chrome yellow pigmentation: 10% X-2541 90% Titanium dioxide {rutile} HER 1S006CP0 Slightly less red Much less red A little less red; dirtier -- .. 2.73 3.09 2.73 GLD012X88 PMHYEO IN \i.% X. -JL HERCULES ICC-B Page 6 of 8 Hue and Cost Comparisons Lead-Free Pigment (Diarylide) Versus Chrome Yellow (Interior Only) Lead-Free Pigmentation Versus: 40% X-2541 C.P. Medium Yellow 60% X-2548 C.P. Light Yellow Cost Ratios (Lead-Free Pigment: ____________Chrome Yellow) Total Pigment Color Pigment* Hue (Similar Hiding) (Similar Strength) Masstone 35% X-2864 65% Ti02 Close redness; dirtier 2.26 -- Tint 100% X-2864 Close redness -- 1.27 Lead-Free Pigmentation Versus X-2548 C.P. Light Yellow_____ Masstone 7.5% X-2864 67.5% X-2476 25.0% Ti02 Close redness; dirtier 1.98 -- Tint 20% X-2864 80% X-2476 1 Slightly redder - 1.09 Tint 25% X-2864 75% X-2485 Close redness -- .64 Lead-Free Pigmentation Versus X-2541 C.P. Medium Yellow Masstone 60% X-2864 40% Ti02 Close redness; dirtier 4.66 -- Tint 97% X-2864 3% X-2065 Tint 91.5% X-2485 8.5% X-2065 Chrome yellow pigmentation: 10% Chrome yellow 90% Titanium dioxide {rutile) HER irooa cro Close redness Slightly less red -- 1.45 -- GLD012189 .73 PRINTED m VJ.e HERCULES ICC-8 Page 7 of 8 Hue and Cost Comparisons Lead-Free Pigment (Dinitroaniline) Versus Molybdate Orange Cost Ratios (Lead-Free Pigment: Lead-Free Pigmentation Molybdate Orange) Versus X-2552 Total Pigment Color Pigment* Red Orange Hue (Similar Hiding) (Similar Strength) Masstone 90% X-881 10%TiO2 Close 2.49 -- Tint 84% X-881 16% No. 1203 oxide Close blueness; dirtier - 1.27 Molybdate orange pigmentation: 10% X-2552 90% Titanium dioxide (rutile) Hue and Cost Comparisons Lead-Free Pigment (Iron Btue Pius Hansa) Versus Chrome Greens Lead-Free Pigmentation Versus A4482 C.P. Sylvan Green Extra Light________ ______Hue______ Cost Ratios (Lead-Free Pigment: ___________ Chrome Green) Total Pigment (Similar Hiding) Masstone 9.3%X-3163 55.7% X-1351 35.0% Ti02 A little more olive; dirtier 1.44 Lead-Free Pigmentation Versus A-4483 C.P. Sylvan Green Light Masstone , 17.5% X-3163 54.1% X-1351 28.4% Ti02 ~ A little more olive; dirtier 1.68 Lead-Free Pigmentation Versus A-4484 C.P. Sylvan Green Medium Masstone 27.7% X-3163 48.7% X-1351 23.6% TiOa Slightly more olive; dirtier 1.53 Lead-Free Pigmentation Versus A-4485 C.P. Sylvan Green Deep Masstone 33.5% X-3163 45.0% X-1351 21.5% Ti02 HEW l5O06-C*D Slightly more olive; dirtier 1.80 GL0012190 rmiwco m u a.a.. HERCULES ICC-8 Page 8 of 8 Hue and Cost Comparisons Lead-Free Combinations Versus Chrome Greens Lead-Free Combinations Versus A-4484 C.P. Sylvan Green Medium Masstone Yrr/ HJt 22% A-4433 C 78% X-1134 Hue Close depth; cleaner Cost Ratios (Lead-Free Combinations; Chrome Green) Total Pigment (Similar Hiding) 3.00 Masstone 4.5% X-3367 95.5% X-1134 Close depth; chalkier and dirtier 1.41 Masstone 11% X-3163 15% No. 610 oxide 74% X-883 Slightly bluer; chalkier 1.06 2,5 X I*/'* L(% K 3r r^ ^ ^ 5- ) HER tSOO CPO GLD0l2i9i tHttNTCO tM U.C-A..