Document LJ1aOmNpGNdqjEvXyN8gbx8z3

i 1 * - `vi ,7'l>l- -" v** v. t. -< tJ , t V *f", -, > .,l > J hit*** - '. ,t; 'hV ' ;/* .? ; . - .`-,j V, . .' * l4- "': \' ' { j - * 4, J -4' ^ * .. : < .l&ff- - ? \ *; - '* ; ^c-,r. ' *'l.< .'VV-.-.V - ir' .`i. *---;>V tRAC)[ MA , I . * T~ * V. ; . -i v *T --.vi EXTRUSION and fMOLDING ta /,/J >' * v: /: * i.v . > V "/. **?T T - Vi . -. T - ' - S' , t , *.'. r# * " , *.' X W ^ i ` -i- ~ i '~. - ; - / > , - - i. , ' 3 ' ' . . I \ ' 1 S-\ ,*.'% V * ; l T t? '* vt ?. - i ... . i. <`V* ,-vj :; ' ' " ' t ; ` , -w l - ,-t-' i. >V; * / ;. v | TECHNICAL DATA MARCH 1953 ; 9 B A K E L I T E C O M P AN Y '^ DIVISION OF UNION CARBIDE AND CARBON CORPORATION ucc 058062 t ^ CONTENTS PACE NO. Foreword Introduction . , . ......................... Formulation of Vinyltte Plastic Extrusion and Molding Compounds 5 Resins ................................................................................. Plasticizers ............................................................. Stabilizers . . ............................................................... Colorants .................................... ........................ Lubricants ..................................................................................... 6 Fillers ............................................................................... '................ 6 Development Requests . . ^ 5 6 6 Applications of Vinyute Plastic Extrusion and Molding Compounds 7 Elastomeric Extrusion Compounds ................................................. 8 Elastomeric Molding Compounds................................................... 10 Rigid Extrusion and Molding Compounds........................................ 12 Some Special Properties of Vinyute Plastics ....................................... 14 Extrusion and Molding Materials of Vinyute Plastics.................... 15 Suggestions for the Design Engineer....................................................... 16 Average Properties of Extrusion and Molding Compounds .......... 17 Other Plastics for Extrusion and Molding .................................................. 22 The terms Baxeuyx, Vinyute, Hasteuajv, and Haynes Stilute ate refiltered trade-marks of Union Carbide and Carbon Corporation. Copyright 1950 and 1953 by Union Carbide and Carbon Corporation UCC 058063 VIIfiYLITE EXTRUSION and molding technical data march 1953 COMPANY BAK E LIT E aN0 CARBON CORPORATION A D,VISION OF UN.ON CARBIDE 233 30 Eosl 42nd Street, Hew York 17, N. Y. UCC 058064 FOREWORD Bakelite Company, a Division of Union Carbide and Carbon Cor poration, is a supplier of a number of synthetic resins and plastics. These are available in a variety of forms and are suitable for use in a number of compounding, processing and fabricating techniques. Included in this group of synthetic materials are a number of important members: Vinyute Plastic flexible film and sheeting, rigid sheets, electrical insulating materials, extrusion and molding materials, and resins for calendering and the formulation of surface coatings; Bakelite phenolic resins and plastics for use as molding materials and for the formulation of coating, adhesive, impreg nating and sealing compositions; Bakelite styrene plastics for extrusion, molding, and surface coatings; and Bakelite poly ethylene resins and plastics for molding, extrusion and surface coatings. The extmsion and molding of these important plastic materials has resulted in useful products that have been valuable assets to a number of industries. The information contained in this booklet should suggest many new applications and inquiries from all those interested in these materials are invited. VINYLITE" BRAND RESINS AND PLASTICS Extrusion and Molding Materials The superior properties imparted to products made from Yinylite resins and plastics ha\ e been evidenced time and again -- as film and sheeting, electrical in sulating materials, and as surface coatings. These same superior properties can be imparted to a wide variety of applications by use of molding and extrusion tech niques. They are tough, strong, light-in-weight, dura ble, and chemically inert. They can be compounded so that they are either rigid or as flexible as desired. The color range of these materials is virtually un limited. Extrusion and molding of Yinylite plastic com pounds are economical mass production methods by which outstanding articles have been created. The scope of the designer has been substantially broad ened. Manufacturers have been benefitted by the avail ability of unique materials from which his products can be made. The consumer has found a host of qual ity' products that serve his needs better. Bakelite Company is a supplier of both Yinylite plastic compounds for use in molding and extrusion techniques and Yinylite resins from which these com pounds may be formulated. In addition to the infor mation contained in this booklet, more specific tech nical data may be obtained from any one of the sales offices listed on the back cover. Formulation of "Vinylito" Plastic Extrusion and Molding Compounds The compounds used for the extrusion and molding of Yinylite plastics are scientific mixtures of several in gredients, each of which contributes valuable proper ties to the final product. These ingredients include the basic vinyl resin, plasticizer (if a flexible product is desired), stabilizers, lubricants, colorants, and fillers. The choice of any materials to be used is dependent on an analysis of properties which the final plastic product must possess. Ruins Vinyute resins for use in extrusion and molding com pounds are high molecular weight organic substances synthesized by reacting vinyl chloride, a gas, with itself or with vinyl acetate, a liquid, so that the mole cules add together and form long chain compounds, which can be compared in structure to a string of paper clips. In appearance, after manufacture, the resins are fine, white powders, but after the application of heat, the resin particles fuse together. When the mass is cooled, a hard, rigid plastic results. This plastic will soften when heated above a definite temperature and thus allows its use in extrusion, molding, and cal endering operations. The properties of these resins can be modified by varying molecular weight or the ratio of vinyl chloride to vinyl acetate, and thus provide the formulator xvith a wide range of base resins for use in compounding. These Yinylite resins first became commercially available in 1934. Since then an intensive development program, which has involved thousands of chemical and processing experiments has been prosecuted to determine the resins and ingredients which are best suited for the various type compounds. From these many years of development have evolved the generalpurpose and specialty compounds which are available today. Formulating and processing data is available for those companies that wish to manufacture their own compounds from Vinyute Resins. Plasticizers Plasticizers are high boiling organic liquids or low melting solids which are added to the resins to make the final plastic compound flexible. Plasticizers accom plish this by separating the resin chains and reducing intermolecular forces, hence allowing the resin chains to move over each other more freely. No one plasticizer has been found suitable for all types of vinyl plastic applications. A number are very useful as general-purpose plasticizers and others are available for use in specialty type compounds. For example, compounds for use in garden hoses must exhibit good resistance to water and sunlight, and must possess a high strength at elevated temperatures without being so stiff on a cool evening that the hose can not be coiled. On the other hand, the flexibility, and hence the plasticizer requirements, of a compound for a deep freezer lid gasket are quite different. Here, the compound must possess good low temperature flexibil ity, good color, and must not mar paints and other ucc 058066 plastic components. The only high temperature re quirement is that the compound must not exude plasti cizer if the gasket is stored at room temperature or higher. Similarly, a compound for use as distributor cap nipples will require outstanding electrical proper ties as contrasted with the mechanical and color needs of a compound for vacuum cleaner bumpers. Stabilizers Stabilizers are added to vinyl resins for the purpose of stabilizing against the degrading action of heat and light. Compounds which are to be used in exclusively exterior applications are stabilized more strongly than compounds intended for interior use. This fact should be taken into consideration when specifying compounds. Colorants Vinyute resins are essentially colorless and hence per mit the use of a wide variety of coloring agents. The principal limitations to the use of any colorant involve possible undesirable chemical interaction with the other ingredients in the plastic, or a tendency of the colorant to bleed in the presence of oils or liquids. The light stability of any colorant must also be considered when formulating compounds, especially for exterior use. The end-use and the exact color of the final com pound dictate the colorants to be used in its formula tion. Lubricants Lubricants are oils or waxes or other chemicals which are incorporated into plastics to prevent sticking dur ing hot compounding, molding, and extrusion opera tions. A lubricant docs this by forming a thin film on the hot metal surfaces of the equipment. Lubricants are selected according to the type of fabrication method to be used. Fillers Economical mineral fillers are sometimes used to ex tend the resin. This is done only when the properties of unfilled Vinylite plastic compounds are much su perior to those actually needed by an application. An excess of filler, however, results in drastic reduction of the outstanding properties available with unfilled formulations. Development Requests Occasionally a new application will arise which cannot use any of the many general-purpose and specialty type compounds available. If the use of a plastic com pound in such an application appears reasonable, the laboratories of Bakelite Company will assist in develop ing a compound to meet the requirements of this appli cation. When a new compound is requested for a special application, the problem is assigned to a group of engineers and chemists in the various development laboratories. These engineers and chemists are experi enced in plastics and plastics processing and have at their disposal the latest of modem laboratory and in dustrial plastics equipment. In addition to their own extensive personal experiences, these engineers are assisted by the many thousands of chemical, mechani cal, weathering, and processing experiments which have been conducted in the past. ucc 058067 AS vv <* . S^, ' APPLICATIONS OF "VINYLITE" PLASTIC i` * Extrusion and Molding Compounds VINYLITE Plastic Extrusion and Molding compounds serve a multitude of uses. The following pages show some of the outstanding applications of these materials and explain die properties which characterize each application. dt/r \ \ ucc 058068 t "VINYLITE" PLASTIC ELASTOMERIC EXTRUSION COMPOUNDS Resist Sunlight and Oxidation Carden hose extruded from Vixylite plastics resists the ac tion of sunlight, oxygen, water, oils, greases and other agents which rot most hoses. These plastic hoses are lightweight and stlong; and they possess high scuff resistance and excellent color stability, Vinylite plastics are used both as the sole ma terial in hoses or as a jacket over cotton-braided, rubber core hoses. Both types are products that sell -- because they utilize the colors and long life of prop erly formulated plastic com pounds. Outstanding Electrical Properties Vinylite plastics are outstanding for insulating and jacketing wires and cables. The electric plug and the wire are insulated with Vinylite plastics, each compound being formulated to fulfill its specific role. ucc 058069 V.& it' :>>* yH-.<- r&m ,** l/1 ml |&* TtI Mi Good gloss, smart color* l-'lcublc costume belting and sti.ip* e\ti tided from Viwult. plastics aic gloss)1, smart appealing and colorful. Such belting is often embossed or punted in pmduce a **ide vaiH'tv of styles and designs llt-sist Abrasion and Sculling Treads lm laddcis used m sleeping {.11' n'sisl .il>1 asimi scuffing. ,md eshihit e\sellent inn-skid chain* tei eiic*. \\r]l designed. (In' tie.ul s ensile estrndcd -itid fits sungl* to the sfop.s In gi* c ,i durali!c low cos! step-ensemble. rough and ilur.ililc gu'hets welting anil otlu i cniuplcs shapes also ,11c produced c.isiK lo>m \ imi ill plu'tns ( hemicall* Inert Intiawnuiis tolling loi use 111 blood tiai'liisums 0 e\- tiutled fiom \ i\m.111: plastics, Theche1111t.il meitness. the lle\ibilit\. and tbe ease of handling ol the (tilling dcinonstiatc the ontstamhng properties asnilahle in \ in* 1,1 i i. plasties ftr-.t \! \ % % ucc 058070 11 VINYLITE" PLASTIC ELASTOMERIC MOLDING COMPOUNDS ucc 058071 *j V f ' ji, * !v.- > -^ : \' Pleasing Appearance and Smart Colors \ .uiiiim cleanei binnpois molded lmm Viwim plastic* aie tough, resilient, economical to mold, .iml have a smalt pleasing appearance. Stock. madc-to-oidci, oi special coloi matched compnnmls assme culms that mole 11 complement, oi emit last ss ith the colors ol the othei pails ol the clc.mci Loss1 Temperature Flexibilits lies gasket for an ice cream Ireezer lid is maoiifactoied I lorn a compound formulated to he flexible al mom ternpciatures and at temperatures heloss heiving In addition to life-long loss temperature flexibilits. the gasket lias a clean, glosss eoloi and resists the action ol loud iats anil gi eases. Resist Ozone Electric sparks such as are encountered in automobile igni tion distributors concert oxygen into higlils destmctise ozone. Tests sshich involved exposure to concentrated ozone at room temperature for over six hums base slimsu that distributor cap nipples molded from Yiwu 11: plastics (at extreme left in photograph) are uualicctcd hs ozone. Natural and synthetic rubber nipples failed in the same test. Eass to mold, the plastic nipples stas solt anil flexible lor the lilc ol the automobile. Wide Range of Colors .Handle liar grips cxnnphlv some of the smart colois sshich m.ikc.-i^'-JJjnj' product. Because the colorants are propeils selected, the colors s\i|| not bleed out oi tills oil onto a Soil and I'liable- Hard ,md Stiff i ido lainjo o| lliAihihiv a\ ailahlc w hen Vi\m mi plastics ,11c spot ifirci Tin- cnilors slvuv n c\ompbt\ .1 <k ill, pi I, i bit* c` impound I liov1 i mi k i s. molded in our pii i c in save assembling costs. an- so soft and Hosiblo tli.it tlu*\ t an bo worn t'M'ii wink* divpmsi Tbov art1 pemianentK Hi \il>k` and aic niialb'cted bs hair diossings. soap, and W.lll'l Hcsist Stuffing and Abrasion lou'Ji Vimliti', plastics piott*tt smart lugg ige hom scuffs and kicks Such edging is n"i iinb attiactnc but can bo wiped clean widi ,i damp cloth. And dospiu the huge -imld diaft of tins item, fill-out problems wen- m dmed to a minimum with the use of \ i\m ml plastics. bow Cost babies' shoe lilts inject ion molded in on* piece I mm \ imuic plastics sei \ e loi eitlu . sliue and require no assembly opeiations Fastei evcles (ewei icjcittous. no assrmbb pioblems. and a duiable plastic cicate an efficient. love cost ailiele, ucc 058073 \: "VINYLITE" RIGID EXTRUSION AND MOLDING COMPOUNDS -1C:a* Resist Chemicals \ i\vLirt li^id plastics resist the action of most chemicals. Thev exhibit excellent resistance to mineral acids, dilute or concentrated, to sodium and potassium hydroxide, to hvdrogen peroxide, chlorine water, tincture of iodine, and other corroshc chemicals. They exhibit good resistance to alcohols, oils, lats, and waxes. The photograph shows a solvent resistant cologne flask cap molded from \ invljte rigid plasties. However \ iwutk plastics are soluble in ketones, such as acetone, methvl ethyl ketone, and cyclohexanone; and thev dissolve or sw ell in organic acids, esters, or others, de pending upon the specific organic fluid. This highly selec tive resistance to solvents imparts good chemical resistance to articles made from these plastics, yet allows the use of solvents and solvent-base adhesives when joining and W'elding plastic items into complex shapes. v, v - Long Lasting Monofilaments extruded from Vinyute rigid plastics for brooms and brushes are tough, long-lasting, resilient and easv to clean. They weigh one-third less than older mate rials and make a light-weight, easy-to-use broom or brush. Attractive Colors Stripping lor finishing linoleum edges makes a colorful and attractive article when extruded from Vivyute rigid plas tics. The stripping has to be tough and scuff and kick re- rutawt *x in Cltrh ATI flnflliOHtlOTI kf't. Ili"li liililitv. I nlni.ikiililc '! I....... \isiiiii |il.i'Iu-' rcpnulilff .ill tin '"I >i. mi- i l.iritv aiul .ibsi'iiii i tilt- Ml 111 [i ii,,|.i-s I ln-\ III llltll.lllv IIOII-IiumLiIiIi' .Mi<I ....... . I Ih'm' h i i<K ni.ilili'il from (.nmpmiml' v|i, 11 ilk 111 - ^ i m i n . I f.ii pin in. 1^1 ,i|>li iminls. ha\n lii't'n 11 x(, ,I tm I,.mis .iii.l In.in, in tin- I ilnii.itiiry iIIk) after eii'ii liutiilliiU ill pl.iviti^, linn Miiil.ii i Inn si ` IS l(?Ss til.Ill th.lt m| mam nnpl.iMi1 nt.inl% pi 1 i n l hmn older material' Excellent Dimensional Stahilit\ ami lam \to)<| Shrinkage Km molding to close tnleianics and lor lain u. at nr,* aitieles \\ heic an meh most i cmain an mdi \ i x i mi i uk1 mold ing compounds arc onlslandmu. The hn m c ocifu lent o| thermal expansion in inches pci device (.rntniiadc is (>(>00069 and the mold shrinkage is tl 1 pci tent, tin low est mold shrinkage ol am connneuial plastic, \i\nnr. ri"id plastics weie chosen tm the dispense! unit shown in the photograph he< ause o| then luclleii' dimensional stahilit\. then low maid slnmkaU1 then chem Kal icsistanee. and (hen ahihtx lo mold to i li'.mtiinl finisli. .J*r r. n** * i,-*- >.. i.' ' *to V ^ v SOME SPECIAL PROPERTIES OF "VINYLITE" PLASTICS - The general properties of Vinyute plastics which are available by means of correct and scientific formula tion have been described on previous pages, and spe cific values of the properties of many popular Vinyute plastic compounds are also reported on pages 17-20. A few special properties which require further discussion and the general limitations of Vinyute plastic com pounds are discussed on this page. Toxicity While unmodified Vinyute resins are of a very low order of toxicity, the toxicity of extrusion and molding compounds may be affected by the plasticizers, sta bilizers, and other materials used. Suitable compounds must be selected by the fabricator for his own applica tions. Inquiry should be made in doubtful cases. Water Absorption Articles fabricated from Vinyute rigid plastics have been immersed in warm water for a period of two years with water absorption in percent by weight being only 0.15?. The absorption of water by plasti cized compounds is slightly higher, but in general the resistance to absorption is considered excellent. Aver age values of water absorbed by standard elastomeric compounds range from 0.06 to 0.30?. Values of soluble matter lost range from 0.05 to 0.30? (A.S.T.M. Test D 570-42). Flame Resistance Vinyute plastics are classified as slow-burning or self extinguishing materials. They will bum when exposed to a direct open flame though they exhibit marked resistance to burning and upon removal from the flame the burning decreases to a very low rate or ceases entirely, depending upon the particular compound. Rigid compounds are self-extinguishing, while the flammability for standard elastomeric compounds is only 0.25 -- 0.35 sq. in. per sec. for .020' samples (ASTM Test D-568-43). Plasticized compounds can be formulated to be self-extinguishing. Weathering When desired, compounds with substantially increased resistance to sunlight can be formulated. High Temperatures Vinyute plastics are thermoplastic or heat softening by nature, and hence they are not recommended for applications where excessive or prolonged high tem peratures are encountered. In general, molding and extnision compounds are suitable at temperatures up to 60 deg. C (140 deg. F). However, for some special applications, compounds are available for use at tem peratures approaching 100 deg. C (212 deg. F). Plasticizer Migration Many plasticizers which possess most of the desired properties, exhibit migration, i.e., the plasticizer will migrate slowly into adjoining materials such as poly ethylene, polystyrene, and varnishes to their detriment. However, because some compounds possess consider ably lower plasticizer migration than others, careful selection of the compound for a given application will generally avoid difficulties with plasticizer migration effects. UCC 058075 EXTRUSION AND MOLDING MATERIALS; OF "VINYLITE" PLASTICS Stock and Mode-to-Order Compounds Over two hundred stock and made-to-order Vinylite Plastic Compounds are avail able from Bakelite Company for extrusion and molding. These materials offer a wide range of physical properties and colors for your selection. A Bakelite Tech nical Representative can furnish technical information pertinent to these com pounds and can help select the proper compound for any application. Resins For those companies that wish to formulate their own plastic compounds, four resins -- Vinylite Resins VYNW, VYNS, VYHH and QYNA -- which vary in molecular weight and chloride-acetate ratio -- are available. A Bakelite Tech nical Representative can recommend a resin or resin mixtures and formulas for evaluation in the equipment available and for the applications intended. Extruded Hems Bakelite Company does not offer items extruded from Vinylite Plastics. However, an up-to-date list of extruders of Vinylite Plastics and information concerning suppliers of certain size or shaped articles or type of custom work are available upon request. Molded Items Bakelite Company does not offer items molded from Vinylite Plastics. However, an up-to-date list of molders of Vinylite Plastics and information concerning suppliers of certain size or shaped articles or type of custom work are available upon request. Technical Assistance The Technical Representatives of Bakelite Company are available to assist in choosing the correct material, in eliminating molding and extrusion difficulties, or in obtaining technical information pertinent to plastic products. ucc 058076 > ! '^ G GES TI ON S FOR E DESIGN ENGINEER This page lists a number of applications of Vinyute Plastic Extrusion and Molding Compounds. Beside each application are listed a number of popular stock or made-to-order compounds which are used or have been used for this application. Although a particular application and set of equipment may require a com pound with different properties such as color and hard ness than these compounds possess, this listing will familiarize you with the performance and general type of use of these popular compounds. Appltartiftd Automobile Parts: brake pedal pads clutch pedal pads door escutcheon door lock knobs distributor cap nipples fender welting Beer scraper Belts: comero case strops \ handbag straps 1 men's belts s men's suspenders i women's belts ) Bottle Closures FUxiblt r lifid F F F F F F R F F R Bowling Pin Inserts Bumpers: vacuum cleaners, etc Calculating Instruments Dolls: complete and parts Electrical Plugs Gaskets & Packing Rings, Washers Fish Lures Grommets Hair Curlers < Hammer Heads Heel Wedge Inserts Hose & Tubing; garden hose F F R R F F F F F F F F F F intravenous tubing Knitting Needles Ladder Tread Linoleum Stripping Monofilaments F F R F R R R & EifrwiNR r M M M M M X M X X M M M M M M M M M M M M M M X X X X X X X X AppiflrtlKf opaque opaque opaque opaque opaque opoque translucent transparent opaque transparent translucent opaque opoque opaque opaque translucent opaque opaque opaque opaque opaque opaque opaque opaque opaque opaque transparent transparent opaque opaque transparent transparent opaque opaque opaque transparent translucent CinyBMwd Nwfflbir VG-7734 Colors VG-7734 Colors VG-9960 Colors VG-9980 Colors VG-7734 Black 02 VG-9930 Block 02 VG-9790 Block VG-3624 Colors VG-1918 Clear 01 VG-5980 Colors VG-1800 Colors VG-3624 Colors VG-5624 Colors VG-9990 Natural VG-9160 Colors VG-9950 Colors VG-3624 Colors VG-5624 Colors VG-9960 Colors VG-9530 Colors VG-9930 Colors VG-7734 Colors VG-9970 Colors VG-7734 Colors VG-9960 Colors VG-9990 Colors VG-9970 Colors VG-1586 Natural VG-1586 Clear 01 VG-5586 Colors VG-5976 Colors VG-1916 Clear VG-1914 Clear 01 VG-S88S Colors VG-5980 Colors VGr5885 Colors VG-1100 Natural VG-3101 Noturol ucc 058077 Applktli Pump Sprayer for Bottle! Refrigerator Parti: door bumpers theif support grommets container cover bumpers tank hanger hole plugs evaporator compartment door bumper drip tray gaskets breaker strips Shoe Lifts Stair Treads Tires for Toys Typewriter type bar rests Vacuum Cleaner Parts: brush cups brush nozzles adapters handles bumpers foot pedals Upholstery Welting Acxtblt or Bifid R R R f F F F F F R R R F F F F F F F F F F Extrusion or Molding M M X M M M M M M X M M X M X M M M M X M X App*oront tronslucent translucent opaque opoque opaque opaque opaque opaque opaque opaque opaque opaque opoque opaque opaque opaque opaque opoque opaque opaque opaque opoque Compound Nombor VG-3624 Colors VG-3623 Colors VG-5885 Colors VG-9960 Colors VG-99dO Colors VG-9960 Colors VG-9960 Colors VG-9960 Colors VG-9960 Colors VG-5385 Colors VG-9980 Brown 08 VG-9930 Colors VG-5980 Colors VG-7734 Colors VG-7770 Black 02 VG-9970 Colors VG-9160 Colors VG-9970 Colors VG-9970 Colors VG-5980 Colors VG-9160 Colors VG-9930 Colors Tablet . v; ,, "YINYLITE" RESINS FOR EXTRUSION AND ^ r - MOLDING COMPOUNDS AVERAGE PROPERTIES^ RESIN DESIGNATION VTMH VYNS VYNW OYNA Appearance Odor Powdered White Solid Powdered White Solid Powdered White Solid All resins are substantially odorless. Powdered White Solid Approximate Composition-- Vinyl Chloride-weight, % Vinyl Acetate --weight, % 85.0-88.0 12.0-15.0 88.5-91.5 8.5-11.5 96.0-97.0 3.0-4.0 100 Specific Gravity Specific Viscosity* 1.36 1.36 1.39 1.40 1 0.536-0.567 0.875-0.925 T_._ 2-- -- 0.21 min. 0.190-0.210 Screen Analysis-- Minimum % through U.S.8.S. Screen No. Heating Loss, Maximum, % 20 40 80 98 -- -- 2.0 98 99.5 --r 99.0 -- 50.0 1.0 1.0 ___ -- -- Type of Use: Sole resin or In resin mixtures for rigid compounds. In resin mixtures for Sole resin or in rigid and elasto- resin mixtures for meric compounds. rigid and elasto- meric compounds. Sole resin or in resin mixtures for elastomeric com* pounds. * 1. 1.00 gm. reiin per 100 ce. of solution in methyl isobutyl ketone at 20 deg. C. 2. 0.2 gm. reiin per 100 cc. of nitrobenzene at 20 deg. C. tJCC 17 ) ELASTOMERIC EXTRUSION COMPOUNDS' ; AVERAGE PROPERTIES AND EXTRUSION CONDITIONS Type* end Use* Compound Designation Transparent VG-1916 Clear 01 VG-5960 Colors General-Purpose Opaque VG-J970 Colors VG-5M0 Colon VG-5990 Color* A.S.T.M, Test Method Properties Shore Durometer "A" Hardness 80 60 70 80 90 D 676-47T Specific Gravity 1.24 1.27 1.29 1.32 1.35 D 792-48T Tensile Strength, lb. per sq. in. 3000 1900 2300 2800 3200 D 412-41 Ultimate Elongation, per cent 300 390 340 290 275 D 412-41 Stiffness, lb. per sq. in. at 25 C 0"C. 1500 18000 575 1425 775 3900 1860 19000 3300 50000 D 747-48T D 747-48T Brittle Temp. Deg. C. -26 -39 --32 -22 -15 D 746-44T Tear Resistance, lb. per in. 545 300 400 525 675 D 624-48 Extrusion Machines: Mast commercial plastics extrusion machines. Land of screw hard-faced with HAYNES STELLITE alloy or otherwise suitably hardened. Head and die chromium plated or otherwise suitably protected. Cylinders made of HASTELLOY alloy desirable. i i Initial Conditions suggested for determining optimum conditions: Temperature: Back cylinder Temperature: Front cylinder Temperature: Head Temperature: Die** 300*F. 150*C 290*F. 145*C. 290"F. 145*C. 300*F. 150*C. 320F. 160*F. 320*F. 160*C. 300"F. 150*C. 300*F. 150*C. 320*F. 160*C. 340*F. 170*F. 320-340*F. 160-170*C. 300-320'F, 150-160'C. 300-330*F. 150-165'C. 320-350*F. 160-175*C. 320-350*F. 160-175*C. 320-390'F. 300-375*F. 160-200C. -V50-190*C. 300-375*F. 150-190"C. 320-390'F. 160-200*C. 320*390F, 160-200*C. Screw--75-125'F. water as required to control screw temperature. Breaker Plate and Screens--A screen pack consisting of one each of a 20, 40 and 60 mesh screen is normal. ** Die Temperature dependent on surface gloss desired. I l ucc 058079 TabU III ELASTOMERIC MOLDING COMPOUNDS i AVERAGE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND MOLDING CONDITIONS \ - Type of Opaque General-Purpose. Good Gloss Easy Maid Opaque, filled compounds for Industrial uses, fair gloss A.$ T.M. Test Method Compound Number vowjo VO-9960 VO-9970 VG-99S0 VG-WO VG-9160 VG-77U VG-773* Properties; Shore Durometer "A" Hardness, (5) 55 60 70 80 85 65 60 55 D 676-471 Specific Gravity 1.30 1.31 1.33 1.35 1.37 1.33 1.35 1.34 D 792-48T Tensile Strength, lb. per sq. in. 1500 1900 2200 2700 2900 1900 1500 1200 D 412-41 Ultimate Elongation, per cent 390 380 330 285 260 340 380 390 D 412-41 Stiffness, lb. per sq. in. ot 25 "C. O'C. 500 670 900 1450 3300 900 1500 5800 18500 36000 550 3000 500 1500 470 950 D 747-48T Brittle Temp. Deg. C. -40 --36 -30 -25 -15 -26 --28 -40 D 746-44T Tear Resistance, lb. per in. 240 285 385 550 600 350 170 135 D 624-48 Molding Machines: Matt commercial plastics Injection molding machines. Torpedo and nozzle chromium plated or otherwise suitably protected--cylinders chromium plated or hardened with HASTEUOY alloy or otherwise suitably protected. Molding Condition Mold Temperatures 100- 100- 100- 100- 100- 100110'F. 110*F. 110'F. 110*F. 110'F. 110'F. 40-45`C. 40-45*C, 40-45*C 40*45"C. 40-45 "C. 40-45*C. 100110'F. 40-45'C. 100110'F. 40-45'C. Cylinder Temperatures 330'F. 340*F. 350*F. 360'F. 165*C. 170*C. 175*C. 180*C. 360*F. 180*C. 330*F. 165*C. 330*F. 165*C. 330*F. 165*C. Pressure, psi 70009000 75009500 8000- 1000010000 12000 1200014000 800010000 1000015000 70009000 ucc 058080 ML*, * Jtf t TaabblleeIV RIGID EXTRUSION COMPOUNDS AVERAGE PROPERTIES AND EXTRUSION CONDITIONS Type cad Us# Compound Designation Properties: Specific Gravity Tensile Strength, psi. Flexural Strength, psi. Modulus of Elasticity, psi. Heat Distortion Temperature (at 264 psi fiber stress) Water Absorption-- Water absorbed-- Solubles lost-- Light Transmission Light Reflectance Specular light Transmission GeneroU PtfrpoM Opaque vc-sees 1.43 6700 10,600 430,000 147'F. 0.10% 0.02% -- -- -- Clear Monofilament* Opaque Va.lT0QCI**r02 VQ4101 Natural 1.35 35-40,000* -- -- 63C. 1.39 35-40,000* -- -- 66*C. ---- ---- ---- ---- A-S-TuM. Teft Method D 71-27 D 638-42T D 790-44T D 790-44T D 648-45T D 570-42 Bakelite Test Method WC-98A and BC-988 Knot tensile strength, psi -- 17-20,000* 15-20,000* Ultimate elongation -- 30%* 30%* Percent Shrinkage at 65 "C. -- 6-10%* 1.5-2%* Extrusion Machines: Mott commercial plastics extrusion machines. Lend of screw hard-faced with HAYNES STELLITE alloy or otherwise suitably hardened. Head and die chromium plated or otherwise suitably protected. Cylinders mode of HASTEUOY alloy desirable. Initial conditions suggested for determining optimum extrusion conditions: Temperature, Bock Cylinder Front Cylinder Head Die Screw 300*F. 150*C. 300*F. 150*C 320*F. 160'C. 320'F. 160'C. 230*F. 110*C. 260*F. 125*C. 285*F. 140*C 300*F. 150*C. 330*F. 165*C. 250*F. 120*C. 275*F 135*C. 310*F. 155*C. 310*F. 155*C. 320*F. 160*C. 280*F. 138*C. No Breaker Plate end Screens--Use not recommended except in special cases. * Properties of properly orientated monofilaments. ucc 058081 ' Table V RIGID MOLDING COMPOUNDS AVERAGE PROPERTIES AND MOLDING CONDITIONS Type and Um of Caaipsund Compound Dnigiwtion Properties Mold Shrinkage GtntrMl^vrpoii Molding Cltor Tfswlttttnt VGMS-11337 Colon VG-3424 Colon 0.1% 0.1% A.$.T M. T*it M*thcd Specific Gravity, 70/70 deg. F. Tensile Strength, lb. per sq. in. Compressive Strength, lb. per tq. in. 1.33 8600 11,000 1.33-1.34 6500 9,900 D 71.27 D 638-42T D 695-42T Flexural Strength, lb. per tq. In. (Madulut of Rupture) 13700 9,100 D 790-44T Modulut of Elasticity in Flexure lb. per tq. in. 430,000 400,000 . D 790-44T Impact Strength, ft. lb. per in. of notch (food) 0.3 0.5 D 256-43T Heat Distortion Temperature (at 264 lb. per tq. in. fiber stress, deg. F.) 131 129 D 648-45T Flammability Self Extin. guishing - Self Extin guishing D 635-44 Water Absorption, per cent (Total Water Absorbed) 0.1 0.07 D 570-42 Molding Machines: Most commercial plastics Injection molding machine:t. Torpedo and nozzle chromiunt plated or otherwise suitably protected--cylinders chromium plated or hardened with HASTE LLOY alloy or otherwise suitabl / protected. Mo/ding Conditions: Temperature of Molds Temperature of Cylinder Pressure 100-110*F. 40-45*C. 280-300*F. 140-150*C. 16,000-22,000 lbs. per tq. in. 100-110*F. 40-45*C. 280-300* F. 140-150`C. 16,000-22,000 lbs. per tq. in. ucc 058082 OTHER BAKELITE COMPANY PLASTICS FOR EXTRUSION AND MOLDING Although this booklet discusses extrusion and molding materials manufactured from Vixi'UTE resins, Bakelite Company also markets a wide variety of other plastic materials that are available for extrusion and molding purposes. Information per taining to these materials is available upon request. RIGID SHEETS Vinyltte Rigid Sheets can be blow molded, vacuum molded, or swaged to give thin but tough articles such as three dimensional signs and doll faces. PLASTISOLS Plnstisols based on Y'inyute Resins, which are pastelike dispersions of a resin in a plasticizer, can be dipped molded or slush molded to give elastomeric articles with very complex shapes and very thin in serts such as are beyond the tolerances of standard molding equipment and mold design. POLYETHYLENE Bakelite polyethylene is an outstanding plastic that can be molded into squeezable, chemically-resistant bottles, bottle closures, and many other articles; and can be extruded into thin film for packaging purposes or into chemically-resistant tubing or moisture-resist ant electrical cable insulation. POLYSTYRENE Bakelite Styrene Plastics are well known for their ease of molding, their low mold shrinkage, their clar ity, their brilliant colors, their light-weight and many other desirable properties. Bakelite Styrene Plastics find wide use in industrial articles and in toys, kitchen and picnic items, attractive wall tile, and many other applications. PHENOLIC PLASTICS Bakeute phenolic resins and plastics are important thermosetting materials, and they are widely used in electrical applications, in radio and television cab inets, washing machines agitators, and many indus trial-type applications. ucc 058083