Document LJ1BrZQ10GXE3z1ajN7R2omvQ

Air Contaminants -- Permissible Exposure Limits (Title 29 Code of Federal Regulations Part 1910.1000) U.S. Department of Labor Ann McLaughlin, Secretary Occupational Safety and Health Administration John A, Pendergrass, Assistant Secretary 1989 , OSHA 3112 SL 07192 INTRODUCTION Soon after adoption of the occupational Safety and Health Act in 1970, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) promulgated Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) for many substances pursuant to the authority granted by Section 6(a) of the Act, which allowed the Agency to promulgate existing Federal standards or consensus standards as enforceable OSHA standards. Accordingly, the PELs identified in the Z-Tables of Title 29 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1910.1000 (29 CFR 1910.1000) were adopted from regulations issued under the Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act as existing Federal standards. These, in turn, were adopted from the 1968 Threshold Limit values (TLVs) of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Some consensus standards from the American Standards Association (now the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)) also were adopted at that time, following the Section (6a) procedures. Industrial experience, new developments in technology, and available scientific data clearly indicate that in many instances those adopted limits are now obsolete and inadequate. Also, many new toxic materials commonly used in the workplace are not covered. These inadequacies are evidenced by the lower allowable exposure limits recommended by many technical, professional, industrial, and government organizations in the United States and elsewhere. In addition, these organizations have identified many other substances for which allowable exposure limits are needed to supplement the existing Z-Tables. Many large industrial organizations feel obligated to supplement the existing OSHA PELs with their own internal corporate guidelines. OSHA, in the past, has focused its priorities on the development of detailed regulations for some high-priority substances. This has resulted in substance specific regulations for 24 substances. OSHA, however, has been unable to regulate the thousands of substances commonly found in the workplace, or to review the scientific information to determine whether different limits are required for the more than 400 substances regulated prior to 1988 under the provisions of the Z-Tables. OSHA, therefore, determined it was necessary to augment the substance-by-substance approach through the use of a generic rulemaking, which would simultaneously cover many substances. The Hazard Communication Standard is an example of a - regulation using such an approach. At this time, OSHA is also in the process of developing generic standards to cover respiratory protection, medical surveillance, and exposure monitoring. A major part of this generic approach to rulemaking is to modify the existing PELs and to establish PELs for substances for which no exposure limits previously existed. The existing health 1 SL 071927 literature and expert judgement indicate that such actions are required to protect against kidney and liver dis ases, respiratory diseases, nerve disorders, carcinogenicity, irritation to various bodily organs, and many other deleterious health effects. Millions of employees are potentially exposed to substances of concern, and adoption of such a regulation represents a significant step in assuring the adequacy of health protection for workers. DETAILS OF THE NEW STANDARD OSHA therefore amended its existing Air Contaminants standard, 29 CFR 1910.1000, including Tables Z-l, Z-2 and Z-3. This amendment is limited to making more protective 212 pels listed in these three tables, setting new PELs for 164 substances not previously regulated by OSHA, and retaining certain PELs unchanged. These changes include the revision of the PELs, the inclusion of Short Term Exposure Limits (STELs) to complement the 8-hour Time-Weighted Average (TWA) limits, the establishment of a designation for "skin" to protect against exposure by skin contact, and the addition of ceiling limits as appropriate. The final regulation permits the use of any compliance methodology, until December 31, 1992, to achieve each revised PEL. During this period, however, the established OSHA hierarchy of controls with preference for engineering controls will be applied to achieve the level of the existing PELs. A single new Table, Z-l-A, includes all of the revised PELs and the existing OSHA PELs. Tables z-2 and Z-3 are temporarily maintained since they contain limits that cannot be conveniently included in the format used in Table Z-l-A. The original Table Z-l has been deleted from the regulation because all of the substances in that table have been included in the new Table Z-l-A. The design of this new Table Z-l-A makes identification of all changes to pels possible by simply comparing the Transitional Limits at the left side of the table with the Revised Limits shown at the right side of the table. Table Z-l-A is included in this booklet following the section on regulatory text. The final regulation and this booklet also include Tables Z-2 and Z-3 because these limits could not be included in the Transitional Limits columns of Table Z-l-A due to format differences. RISK REDUCTION AND FEASIBILITY OSHA reviewed health, risk and feasibility evidence for all 428 substances for which changes to the PEL were considered. In each instance where a revised or new PEL was adopted, OSHA deter mined that the new limits substantially reduce significant risk of material health impairment among workers, and that new limits 2 SL 071928 are technologically and economically feasible. This determination is based on a complete review of the material referenced in the proposed rule issi id on June 7, 1988, and a detailed review of the entire recor ."`or the rulemaking, including all comments, evidence, testimony and briefs submitted by the public during and after public hearings held from July 28 to August 16, 1988 in Washington, D.C. For a small number of substances used in specific operations, the full record indicates that it is presently technically infeasible to achieve, through engineering controls, the PEL that is necessary based on available health information. For these specific instances, engineering controls to achieve the new PEL are required only where the Assistant Secretary demonstrates that such controls are feasible. These substances and operations are carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide in specific foundry operations, carbon disulfide in selected rayon fiber and sausage casing manufacturing processes, and styrene in selected open molding boat manufacturing processes. .Any methods of control may be used (in these identified situations) to achieve the new PELs. PROTECTION The revised PELs will protect workers against a wide vari ty of health effects that could cause material impairment of health or functional capacity. This includes protection against catas trophic effects such as cancer, cardiovascular, liver, and kidney damage; lung diseases, as well as more subtle effects resulting in central nervous system damage, narcosis, respiratory eff cts, and sensory irritation. For each substance, the health evidence in the record provides a substantial basis for establishing a new or revised PEL. OSHA utilized the already published and widely accepted Recommended Exposure Limits (RELs) developed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the TLVs published by the ACGIH. OSHA, however, reviewed the entire record and made an independent judgment to determine that the revised PEL was feasible and that significant risk would be reduced. The revised standards will provide additional occupational health protection to approximately 4.5 million workers at an annual cost of approximately $150 per employee protected. This cost is only a fraction of 1 percent of sales for all affected sectors. OTHER STANDARDS OSHA will continue its practice of rulemaking for individual substances when substance-specific regulations are necessary and 3 SL 071929 appropriate. OSHA also will continue its efforts to develop generic regulations to cover ancillary provisions required to supplement the PELS in 29 CFR 1910.1000. COVERAGE OSHA also has determined that it is appropriate to limit this rulemaking to the General Industry sector. This segment involves the largest number of workers and will result in the greatest benefit. Application to the Construction, Maritime and Agriculture segments will require examination of feasibility for these sectors and may require some modifications to this rule because of differences among these sectors. OSHA will pursue coverage for these sectors as part of second stage rulemaking and has informally notified the Advisory Committee on Construction Safety and Health of its plans. The final Regulation covers a total of 600 substances, including the following: - Addition of PELs for 164 new substances. - Adoption of more protective PELs for 212 substa; .-as. - No changes for 52 substances that were considered in this rulemaking. - No change to existing PELs for 9 substances that are currently undergoing Section (6b) rulemaking. - No change to existing PELs for 3 substances where some industry segments are not covered by the individual (6b) regulation (cotton dust, formaldehyde and benzene). - No changes for PELs for 160 substances, that are unchanged, and were not evaluated during this rulemaking. COMPLIANCE OATES September 1, 1989, (6 months after the effective date of March 1) is the date for compliance with new or revised PELs, using any control methods. Approximately 4 years (December 31, 1992) following the regulation publication date, employers must comply with all PELs, with a preference for engineering controls. In the event that the planned OSHA regulation regarding revision to methods of compliance is not completed by December 31, 1991, the December 31, 1992 date will be delayed one year until December 31, 1993. REGULATORY TEXT AND TABLES The complete regulatory text preceding Table Z-l-A and the Table Z-l-A, Z-2 and Z-3 entries are as follows: 4 SL 071930 1910.1000 Air contaminants An employee's exposure to any substance listed in Tables Z-l-A, Z-2 or Z-3 of this section shall be limited in accordance with the requirements of the following paragraphs of this section. (a) Table Z-l-A: (1) substances in Transitional Limits columns with Limits Preceded by c** - Ceiling Values. An employee's exposure to any substance in Table Z-l-A under the Transitional Limits columns, the exposure limit of which is preceded by a "Cw, shall at no time exceed the exposure limit given for that substance in Table Z-l-A under the Transitional Limits columns. (2) Other Substances in Transitional Limits Columns-8-hour Tim Weighted Average. An employee's exposure to any substance in Table Z-l-A under the Transitional Limits columns, the exposure limit of which is not preceded by a "C", shall not exceed the 8-hour Time Weighted Average given for that substance in Table Z-l-A under the Transitional Limits columns in any 8-hour work shift of a 40-hour work week. (3) Final Rule Limits Columns. An employee's exposure to any substance listed in Table Z-l-A shall not exceed the Time Weighted Average (TWA), Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) and Ceiling Limit specified for that substance in Table Z-l-A under the Revised Limits columns. (4) Skin Designation. To prevent or reduce skin absorption, an employee's skin exposure to substances listed in Table Z-l-A with an "X" in one or both of the Skin Designation columns, the designation "Skin" following the substance name shall be prevented or reduced to the extent necessary in the circumstances through the use of gloves, coveralls, goggles, or other appropriate personal protective equipment, engineering contr Is or work practices. (5) Definitions. The following definitions are applicable t the Final Rule Limits columns of Table Z-l-A: (i) Time weighted Average (TWA) is the employee's average airborne exposure in any 8-hour work shift of a 40-hour work week which shall not be exceeded. (ii) short term exposure limit (STEL) is the employee's 15-minute time weighted average exposure which shall not be exceeded at any time during a work day unless another time limit 5 SL 071931 is specified in a parenthetical notation below the limit. If another time period is specified, the time weighted average exposure over that time limit shall not be exceeded at any time during the working day. (iii) Ceiling is the employee's exposure which shall not be exceeded during any part of the work day. If instantaneous monitoring is not feasible, then the ceiling shall be assessed as a 15-minute time weighted average exposure which shall not be exceeded at any time over a working day. (6) Additional Definition. The terms "substance," "air contaminant," and "material" are equivalent in meaning for 29 CFR 1910.1000. (b) Table Z-2: Table Z-2 is applicable for the transitional period and to the extent set forth in paragraph (f) of this section. (1) 8-hour time weighted averages. An employee's exposure to any material listed in Table Z-2, in any 8-hour work shift of a 40-hour work week, shall not exceed the 8-hour time weighted average limit given for that material in Table Z-2. (2) Acceptable Ceiling Concentrations. An employee's exposure to a material listed in Table Z-2 shall not exceed at any time during an 8-hour shift the acceptable ceiling concentration limit given for the material in the table, except for a time period, and up to a concentration not exceeding the maximum duration and concentration allowed in the column under "acceptable maximum peak above the ceiling concentration for an 8-hour shift." (3) Example. During an 8-hour work shift, an employee may be exposed to a concentration of Substance A (with a 10 ppm TWA, 25 ppm ceiling and 50 ppm peak) above 25 ppm (but never above 50 ppm) only for a maximum period of 10 minutes, such exposure must be compensated by exposures to concentratioons less than 10 p.p.m. so that the cumulative exposure for the entire 8-hour work shift does not exceed a weighted average of 10 P*Paffle (c) Table Z-3: Table Z-3 is applicable for the transitional period and to the extent set forth in paragraph (f) of this section. An employee's exposure to any substance listed in Table Z-3 in any 8-hour work shift of a 40-hour work week shall not exceed the 8-hour time Weighted average limit given for that substance in the table. (d) Computation formulae: The computation formula which shall apply to employee exposure to more than one substance for which 8-Hour time weighted 6 SL 07193 ft averages are listed in Subpart z of 29 CFR Part 1910 in order to determine whether an employee is exposed over the regulatory limit is as follows: (1)(i) The cumulative exposure for an 8-hour work shift shall be computed as follows: E = <C,T. + CbTb + ... CnT,,) * 8 Where: B is the equivalent exposure for the working shift. C is the concentration during any period of time T where the concentration remains constant. T is the duration in hours of the exposure at the con centration C. The value of E shall not exceed the 8-hour time weighted average specified in Subpart Z of 29 CFR 1910 for the material involved. (ii) To illustrate the formula prescribed in paragraph (d)(1)(i) of thir ction, assume that Substance A has an 8-hour time weighted avt e limit of 100 ppm noted in Table Z-l-A. Assume that an em :>yee is subject to the following exposure: Two hours exposure at 150 p/m Two hours exposure at 75 p/m Four hours exposure at 50 p/m Substituting this information in the formula, we have: (2X150 + 2X75 + 4X50) 4- 8 = 81.25 p/m Since 81.25 ppm is less than 100 ppm, the 8-hour time weighted average limit, the exposure is acceptable. (2) (i) In case of a mixture of air contaminants an employer shall compute the equivalent exposure as follows: B. = (0,4*1., + C^) + ... <Cn*Ln) Where: Eb is the equivalent exposure for the mixture. C is the concentration of a particular contaminant. L is the exposure limit for that substance specified in Subpart Z of 29 CFR Part 1910. The value of Ea shall not exceed unity (1). (ii) To illustrate the formula prescribed in paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section, consider the following exposures: 7 SL 071933 * Material Actual concentration of 8-hour exposure (ppm) Substance B Substance c Substance D 500 45 40 8-hr. TWA PEL (ppm) 1,000 200 200 substituting in the formula, we have: Ba 500+1,000 + 45+200 + 40+200 - 0.500 + 0.225 + 0.200 Ba * 0.925 Since Ea is less than unity (1), the exposure combination is within acceptable limits. (e) To achieve compliance with paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section, administrative or engineering controls must first he determined and implemented whenever feasible. When such controls are not feasible to achieve full compliance, protective equipment or any other protective measures shall be used to keep the exposure of employees to air contaminants within the limits prescribed in this section. Any equipment and/or technical measures used for this purpose must be approved for each particular use by a competent industrial hygienist or other technically qualified person. Whenever respirators are used, their use shall comply with Section 1910.134. (f) Effective dates; start-up dates and transitional provisions: (1) Effective date: The effective date for the permissible exposure limits specified in the Final Rule Limits columns of Table Z-l-A is March 1, 1989. (2) start-up dates: (i) The permissible exposure limits specified in the Final Rule Limits columns of Table Z-l-A shall be achieved by any reasonable combination of engineering controls, work practices and personal protective equipment effective September l, 1989, through December 30, 1992. (ii)(a) The permissible exposure limits specified in the Final Rule Limits columns of Table Z-l-A shall be achieved by the methods of compliance specified in paragraph (e) of this section effective December 31, 1992, if by December 31, 1991 a final rule 8 SL 07193* has been published in the Federal Register amending or determining not to amend paragraph (e) of this section. (b) If no final rule has been published in the Federal Register by December 31, 1991, amending or deteremining not to amend paragraph (e) of this section, then the permissible limits specified in the Final Rule Limits columns of Table Z-l-A shall be achieved by the methods of compliance specified by paragraph (e) of this section effective December 31, 1993, and paragraph (f) (2) (i) of this section shall remain in effect through December 30, 1993. (iii) The skin designations in the Final Rule Limits columns become effective September 1, 1989. The skin designations in the Transitional Limits columns are in effect from March 1, 1989 through August 31, 1989. (3) Transitional provisions: (i) The permissible exposure limits specified in the Transitional Limits column of Table Z-l-A, Table Z-2 and Table Z-3 shall continue to be achieved by the methods of compliance specified in paragraph (e) of this section through December 30, 1992. If paragraph (f)(2)(ii)(b) of this section takes effect, this provision is extended through December 30, 1993. (ii) The permissible exposure limits specified in the Transitional Limits column of Table Z-l-A, Z-2 and Z-3 shall be applicable to the extent cross referenced in 29 CFR 1915, 1917 and 1918. (iii) If any new or amended provisions or new or revised limits for any substance or substances are either administratively stayed or judicially stayed or vacated, then the existing provisions or limits for those substances specified in the Transitional Limits columns of Table Z-l-A, Table Z-2 or Table Z3 shall remain in effect until such stay is lifted, or indefinitely, if the limit is vacated. (4) Enforcement of the limits are indefinitely stayed for: aluminum alkyls; ethylidine norbornene; hexafluoroacetone; mercury (alkyl compounds); oxygen difluoride; phenylphosphine; and sulfur pentafluoride; until OSHA publishes in the Federal Register a notice that a sampling and analytical technique is available. 9 SL 071935 Substance CAS No. TABLE 2-1-A. Units For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits Pit* ppn* b ng/m3 Skin Desig nation m b ppm* mg/n3 Final Rule Units** STELC b ppm* mg/nr3 CEILING ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Acetaldehyde Acetic acid Acetic anhydride Acetone Acetonitrile 2-Acetylamtnof1norine; see 1910.1D14 Acetylene dlchlorlde; see 1,2-Olctiloroethylene Acetylene tetrabromide Acetylsallcyllc acid (Aspirin) Acrolein 15-07-0 64-19-7 108-24-7 67-64-1 75-05-8 53-96-3 79-27-6 50-78-2 107-02-8 200 10 5 1000 40 360 25 20 2400 70 _ - 1 14 - - -- 0.) 0.25 - 100 180 10 25 -- 750 1800 40 70 1 14 -5 0.) 0.25 150 270 --- 1000 2400 60 105 -- -- 0.3 0.8 _ -. 5 20 --- _ - --- -- - --- SL 071936 Substance CAS No. TABLE Z-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants T ransltional Limits ft nEL ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation IMA b ppm* mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** SILlC b ppm* rng/rn3 CCILINj ppm* o mg/m3 Skin Oesignation Acrylamide Acrylic acid Acrylonitrile; see 1910.1045 Aldrin Allyl alcohol Atlyl chloride Allyl glycidyi ether (AGE) Allyl propyl disulfide alpha-Alumina Total dust Respirable fraction 19-06-1 79-10-1 107-13-1 _ 0.3 X - -- 309-00-2 - 0.25 X 101-18-6 2 5 X 107-05-1 1 3- 106-92-3 2179-59-1 1344-28-1 (CI10 2 (045 12 15 5 - . 0.03 10 30 - 0.25 25 13 5 22 2 12 _ 10 5 .. -- -4 10 26 10 44 3 16 _ X X X X _ -- - __ _ SL 07193 Substance CAS No. TABLE Z-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional |>lts PEL* ppm1 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TWA b ppm1 mg/m? Final Rule Limits** SIELC b ppm1 mg/m3 CEILING ppm1 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Aluminum (as Al) Metal Total dust Respirable fraction Pyro powders Welding fumes*** Soluble salts Alkyls 7429-90-5 - 15 - 5- -- -- -- --- 15 5 5 5 2 2 4-Aminodlphenyl; see 1910.1011 92-67-1 2-Aminoethanol; see Ethanolamine 2-Ami nopyridine Amitrole Ammonia 504-29-0 0.5 2 - 0.5 2 61-02-5 - - - 0.2 7664-41-1 50 35 - - Ammonium chloride fume 12125-02-9 10 -- "* 35 27 20 "- --- - --- " --- " ---- SL 071938 Substance CAS No. 1ABLE Z-l-A. Lint Is For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TMA ppm3 b mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** STEIC b ppm3 mg/m3 CEII ING ppm3 b mg/m3 Skin Desig- nation Ammonium sulfamate Total dust Respirable fraction 7773-06-0 15 10 - 5 - -5 - - n-Amyl acetate 628-63-7 100 525 - 100 525 - - sec-Amyl acetate 626-38-0 125 650 - 125 650 - - Aniline and homologs 62-53-3 5 19 X 2 8 - X Anisidine (o-,p-isomers) 29I91-SZ-4 - 0.5 - - 0.5 - - -- Antimony and compounds < J 7480-36-0 - 0.5 - - 0.5 - - ANHI (Alpha naphthyl- thiourea) 86-88-4 - 0.3 - - 0.3 - - Arsenic, organic compounds (as As) 7440-38-2 - 0.5 - - 0.5 - - Arsenic, inorganic compounds (as As); see 1910.1018 Varies with compound Se 5 1910. 1018(a) for applications excluded SL 071939 Substance CAS Mo. TABLE Z-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* ppm9 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation THA b ppm9 mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** SIELC b ppm9 mg/m3 CEILING ppm9 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Arsine Asbestos; see 1910.1001 7184-42-1 Varies Atrazine Azinphos-methyl Barium, soluble compounds (as Ba) Barium sulfate Total dust Besptreble fraction 1912-24-9 86-50-0 7440-39-3 7727-43-7 Benomyl Total dust Itespirable fraction 17804-35-2 Benzene; see 1910.1028 71-43-2 0.05 0.2 . 0.05 0.2 -0.2 X 50.2 - --X 0.5 - 0.5 - -- 15 5- 10 --- -_ 5- -- 15 5- 10 __ _ __ 5- -- See Table 1-2 for the limits applicable in the operations or sectors excluded in 1910.102B4* SL 071940 Substance CAS No. TABLE Z-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits * PEL ppma b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TUA b ppm4 mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** STEIC b pprnl4 mg/m3 CEILING ppm4 b mg/m3 Skin Oesig- nation Benzidine; see 1910.1010 p-Renzoquinone; see Qulnone Benzo(a)pyrene; see Coal tar pitch volatiles Benzoyl peroxide Benzyl chloride Beryllium and beryllium compounds (as Be) 92-87-5 94-36-0 100-44-/ 7440-41-/ Biphenyl; see Diphenyl Bismuth telluride. Undoped Total dust Respirable fraction Bismuth telluride, Se-doped 1304-82-1 5 15 See Table 2-2 - 5 15 0.002 - 15 5- 15 5 5 - 0.005 (30 min) - - 0.025 - - - SL 07194 Substance CAS No. TABLE Z-1-A. Units For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits * PEL ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation IHA b PPff* mg/mi3 Final Rule Limits** STEl.C b ppm* mg/m3 CEILING ppm4 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Borates, tetra, sodium salts Anhydrous Decahydrate Pentahydrate Boron oxide Total (hist Respirable fraction Boron tribromide Boron trifluoride Bromaci1 Bromine Bromine pentafluoride Bromoform Butadiene (1,3Butadiene) 1330-43-4 1303-96-4 12179-04-3 1303-86-2 10294-33-4 7637-07-2 314-40-9 7726-95-6 7709-30-2 75-25-2 106-99-0 --- - (01 0.1 0.5 15 5 (03 0.7 5 1000 2200 - - X - 10 - 10 - 10 - - -- - 10 5 --1 10 0.1 0.7 O.t 0.7 0.5 5 - -- 0.3 2 - - 1 1 - in process of 6(b) rulemaking - 10 3 - - X SL 071942 SL 071943 Substance Butane Butanethiol; see Butyl mercaptan 2-Butanone (Hethy1 ethyl ketone) 2-Butoxyethano1 n-Butyl-acetate sec-Butyl acetate tert-Butyl acetate Butyl acrylate n-Butyl alcohol sec-Butyl alcohol tert-Butyl alcohol CAS No. 106-9J-B 78-93-3 1)1-76-2 123-B6-4 105-46-4 540-B8-5 141-32-2 71-36-3 78-92-2 75-65-0 I ABLE Z-1-A. Units For Air Contaminants Transitional Units * PEI ppm* b mg/ur* Skin Desig nation IHA b ppm* mg/m3 J Final Rule limits** S7ELC b ppm* mg/m3 CEII1NG PPm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation . a 800 1900 200 590 50 240 150 710 200 950 200 950 -too 300 150 450 100 300 - 200 590 X 25 120 - 150 710 - 200 950 - 200 950 10 55 - -- 100 305 100 300 300 885 -- 200 950 ------ 150 450 ------50 150 -- X X - Substance CAS No. TABLE 2-t-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TMA ppm* b mg/m3 Final Bute Limits** STLLC b ppm* mg/m3 CEILING ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Butylamine tert-Butyl chromate (as CrtTj) n-Rutyl glycidyl ether (BGE) n-Butyl lactate Butyl mercaptan o-sec-Butylphenol p-tert-Butyltoluene Cadmium fume (as Cd) Cadnium dust (as Cd) Calcium carbonate Total dust Respirable fraction 109-13-9 (05 (015 X 1189-85-1 - (00.1 X 2426-08-6 138-22-7 109-79-5 89-72-5 98-51-1 7440-43-9 7440-43-9 1317-65-3 50 270 - - -- 10 35 - - - .- 10 60 - See Table 2-2 See Table 2-2 - 15 5 _-- 5 -" " - 25 135 5 25 - 0.5 1.5 - 5 30 - 10 60 20 120 In process of 6(b) rulemaking In process of 6(b) rulemaking - - 15 5 - - 15 X 0.1 X ~---X -- -- SL 071944 Subs tance CAS Ho. IABLE 2-1-A. limits For Air Contaminants Transitional limits * PEL ppm9 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TIM b ppm9 mg/m3 Final Rule limits** sttic b ppm9 mg/m3 CEILING ppm9 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Calcium cyanamide Calcium hydroxide Calcium oxide Cal'-5-- -Hicate A Respirable fraction Calcium sulfate total dust Respirable fraction Camphor, synthetic Caprolactam Oust Vapor Captafol (Difolatan**) Captan 156-62-7 1305-62-0 1305-18-8 1314-95-2 7718-18-9 76-22-2 105-60-2 2425-06-1 133-06-2 . 0.5 - - -5 5 - -5 15 15 5 - -5 15 15 5 - -5 2 - -2 1 - - 5 20 - - - 0.1 5 - - - 3 10 40 - - - - - - - - - SL 071945 Substance CAS No. TABLE 2-1-A. Limits Tor Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* PI*4 b mg/m3 Skin Deslflnation TWA ppm* b mg/m3 final Rule Limits** S1ELC ppm* b mg/m3 CEILING ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Carbary) (SevinH) Carbofuran (FuradanR) Carbon black Carbon dioxide Carbon disulfide Carbon monoxide Carbon tetrabromide Carbon tetrachloride Carbonyl fluoride Catechol (Pyrocalechol) Cellulose Iota) dust Aesplrabte fraction 63-25-2 1563-66-2 1333-86-4 124-38-9 15-15-0 630-08-0 558-13-4 56-23-5 353-50-4 120-60-9 9004-34-6 - - 5000 50 - - 5 3.5 9000 See Table 2-2 55 See Table 2-2 - - - 15 5 -5 - 0.1 - 3.5 10,000 18,000 4 12 35 40 0. 1.4 2 12.6 25 -- --30,000 S4.000 12 36 -0.3 4 -5 15 5 20 - 15 5 -- -----200 229 ---- - X - X - SL 071946 Substance CAS No. IAB1E Z-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits -Mi* ppof* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TWA b ppm4 mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** STElC ppma b mg/m3 CEILING ppm4 b mg/m* Skin Desig nation Cesium hydroxide Chlordane Chlorinated camphene Chlorinated diphenyl oxide Chlorine Chlorine dioxide Chlorine trifluoride Chloroacetaldehyde a-Chloroacetophenone (Phenacyl chloride) Chloroacetyi chloride Chlorobenzene 2)351-19-1 . 5I-J4-9 - 0.5 8001-35-2 - 0.5 55)20-99-5 71B2-50-5 10049-04-4 7)90-91-2 101-20-0 -- (C)l 0.1 (C)0.1 |C)1 0.5 (C)3 0.3 (C)0.4 (03 532-21-4 19-04-9 108-90-7 0.05 - 75 0.3 - 350 X X _ - - - 2 - 0.5 - 0.5 _ 0.5 0.5 1.5 0.1 0.3 -- -- 0.05 0.3 0.05 0.2 75 350 -- -1 -- X -X 1 0.3 - 3 0.9 - - 0.1 1 - 0.4 3 _ _ - _ - -- __ _ --- SL 071947 Substance CAS No. TABLE Z-l-A. Limits Far Air Contaminants Transitional Limits * PEL ppA3 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TMA ppm3 b mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** c STEL b ppm3 mg/m3 CEILING ppm3 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation o-Chlorobenzy1idene malononitrile Chlorobromomethane 2698-41-1 74-9T-5 2-Ch 1oro-1,3-bu tadiene; see b-Chl roprene Chiorod1f1uorumethane 15-45-6 Chlorodiphenyl (42% Chlorine) (PCfl) 53469-21-9 Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) (PCB) 11097-69-1 l-Chlor ,2,3-epoxypropane; see Eplchlorohydrln 2-Chioroethanoi; see Ethylene chtorohydrin Chloroethylene; see Vinyl chloride 0.05 0.4 200 1050 - 200 1050 - - 1000 3500 1 X -1 0.5 X - 0.5 - - - 0.05 0.4 - X - --X -X SL 071948 Substance CAS No. TABLE Z-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits ft PEL ppm* b mg/m3 Skin DesIg nat ion TMA b ppm* mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** STELC b ppm* mg/m3 CEILING ppm* Skin b Desig mg/m3 nation Chloroform (Trtchloremethane) 61-66-3 bis(Chloromethyl) ether; see 1910.1008 542-88-1 Chloromethyl methyl ether; see 1910.1006 101-30-2 1-Ch1oro-1-nitropropane Chioropen taf1uoro- ethane Chloropicrin beta-Chloroprene o-Chlorostyrene o-Chlorotoluene 600-25-9 16-15-3 16-06-2 126-99-8 2039-87-4 95-49-8 (050 (0240 20 100 - 0.1 25 - - 0.1 90 - 2 9.78 - 2 10 _ 1000 6320 - 0.1 0.7 X 10 35 - 50 285 50 250 - _ __ 75 430 -- _ _--X -- SL 071949 Substance CAS No. TABLE l-1-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Tra* Limits * PEL a ppm!* b mg/m3 Skin Deslgnation TWA b ppm* mg/m3 final Rule limits** S1LLC b ppm3 mg/m3 CEILING ppm3 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation 1t in SL- 0 7 1 9 5 2-Chloro-6-trichloromethyl pyridine Total dust Respirable fraction 1929-82-4 Chlorpyrifos 2921-88-2 Chromic acid and chromates (as CrOj) Varies with compound Chromium (11) compounds (as Cr) Varies with compound Chromium (111) compounds (as Cr) Chromium metal (as Cr) Chrysene; see Coal tar pitch volatiles Varies with compound 7440-47-3 2)8-01-9 -- See Table 2-2 - 0.5 - 0.5 -1 15 5 0.2 - 0.5 0.5 1 - - - 0.1 X - -- --- Substance CAS No. TABLE Z-i-A. Units For Air Contaminants Transitional Units jm*______ ppm* mg/nr Skin Desig nation THA * mg/m3 rinal Rule Limits c SILL PPm mg/m3 CE1L1NU ppma mg/m3 Skin Oesig- nation Clopidol Total dust Respirable fraction 2971-906 Coal dust (less than 51 S102), Respirable quartz fraction Coal dust (greater than or equal to St Si02), Respirable quartz fraction Coal tar pitch vola tiles (benzene sol uble fraction), anthra cene, BaP, phenanthrene, acridine, chrysene, pyrene B007-45-2 Cobalt metal, dust, and fume (as Co) 7440-4B-4 15 S See Table Z-3 See Table Z-3 IS s 0.1 0.2 0.1 - - 0.2 - 0.05 SL 071951 Substance CAS Ho. TABLE Z-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits * PEL ppm b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation THA ppm* b mg/m3 final Rule Limits** STCLC b ppm* mg/m3 CEILING ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Cobalt carbonyl (as Co) 10210-68-1 - - - - 0.1 - -- Cobalt hydrocarbonyl (as Co) 16842-03-8 - - - - 0.1 - -- Coke oven emissions; see 1910.1029 -- Copper Fume (as Cu) Ousts and mists (as Cu) 7440-50-8 0.1 1 - 0.1 1 - *- Cotton dust (raw). -- l- 1- - -- This B-hour THA applies to respirable (hist as measured by a vertical elutriator cotton dust sampler or equivalent instrument. The time-weighted averat applies to the cotton waste processing operations of waste recycling (sorting, blending, cleaning, and wiIlowing) and garrettirg. See also 1910.10d3 for cotton dust limits applicable to other sectors. Crag herbicide (Sesone) Total dust Respirable fraction 136-78-7 -IS- 5- - 10 -5 --- ___ - SL 071952 SL 07195 Substance Cresol, at) isomers Crotonaldehyde Crufomale Cumene Cyanamide Cyanides (as CN) Cyanogen Cyanogen chloride Cyclohexane Cyclohexanol CAS No. TABLE Z-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* ppm3 b mg/m3 Skin Desig- nat ton TUA b ppma mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** SIELC b ppm3 mg/m3 CEILING ppm3 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation 1319-71'--3; 5 22 95-48-7; 100-39-4; 106-44-5 123-73-9; 41 TO-30-3 2 6 299-86-5 - - 90-62-8 50 245 420-04-2 - - 151-50-0 - 5 460-19-5 - - 506-T7-4 110-02-7 108-93-0 -300 1050 50 200 X 5 22 - 26 - -5 X 50 245 - -2 - -5 - 10 20 - -- 300 1050 50 200 - - - -X -- --X ---0.3 0.6 -- X Substance CAS No. TABU I-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* PP"* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation IMA Pfim3 b mg/3 Final Rule Limits** STELC b ppm8 mg/m3 CEILING ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Cyclohexanone Cyclohexene Cyclohexytamine CycIonite Cyclopentadlene Cyclopentane Cyhexatin 2,4-D (Oichlorylphenoxy- acetlc acid) Decaborane Demelon (Systox**) Oichlorodiphenyltri- chloroethane (001) 100-94-1 110-03-8 108-91-0 121-82-4 542-92-7 287-92-3 13121-70-5 94-75-7 17702-41-9 8065-40-3 50-29-3 50 200 300 1015 --75 200 --- _ 25 100 - 300 1015 - 10 40 - - 1.5 - 75 200 - 600 1720 - -5 0.05 - 10 0.3 0.1 X X - 10 0.05 0.3 - 0.1 - 1 X -1 - - - - 0.15 - 0.9 - --X ---- --X ------- ----X --X -- X SL 07195^ Substance CAS No. 1ABLE 2-l-A. Units For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TWA ppm4 b mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** srtLc b ppm4 mg/m3 CEILING ppm4 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Dichlorvos (DUVP) Qiacetone alcohol (4-Kydroi<y-4-methy l 2-pentanone) 1,2-0iaminoethane; see Ethylenediamine Oiazinon Diazome thane Oiborane 1,2-Dibromo3-chloropropane; see 1910.1044 2-M-Dibutylarai no ethanol Dibutyl phosphate 62-73-7 123-42-2 333-41-5 334-80-3 19287-45-7 96-12-8 102-81-8 107-66-4 1 50 240 X1 50 240 -0.2 0.4 0.) 0.1 - 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1 _ 2 14 15 15 - _ 2 10 X -X --- .._ --- SL 07195!: Substance CAS Mo. 1A0LE Z-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Halts * ________PEL ** b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TWA b PPW* mg/a3 Final Rule Limits** c STEL ppn* b mg/m3 CEILING ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Dibutyl phthalate Oichloroacetylene o-Oichlorobenzene p-Dichlorobenzene 3,31-Oichlorobenzidine; see 1910.1007 Olchtorodifluoro- methane 1,3-Qichloro-5,Sdimethyl hydantoin 1, l-Oichloroethane 1,2-Dichloroethy1ene Dlchloroethyl ether 84-74-2 7572-29-4 95-50-1 106-46-7 91-94-1 (C)50 75 5 (0300 450 75-71-8 118-52-5 75-34-3 540-59-0 111-44-4 1000 4950 100 200 (015 0.2 400 790 (090 _5 - -- -- 75 450 - 1000 4950 - - 0.2 - 100 400 - 200 790 X 5 30 _ --- no 675 -- 0.1 0.4 50 300 -- - - -- - 0.4 --10 60 --- --------X SL 071956 SL 07195 Substance Oichloranethane; see Methylene chloride Di ch1oromonof1uoromethane 1, l-Oichloro-l-nitroethane 1,2-0ichloropropane; see Propylene rfichloride 1,3-Dichtoropropene 2,2-0ichioropropionic acid Qichlorotetraftuoroethane Oicrotophos 0ieyetopentadiene CAS No. TABLE 2--1--A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* ppm4 b rng/nr* Skin Desig nation TWA PPm4 b Final Hule Limits** STELC ppm3 b mg/sr* CEILING ppma b firg/nr* Skin Oesig- nation 75-43-4 1000 4200 594-72-9 (CllO (060 10 40 2 10 __ _ __ ... 542-T5-6 15-99-0 16-14-2 141-66-2 11-13-6 - - 1000 - - - 1000 - - 15 _ 16 1000 7000 - - 0.25 5 30 __ __ * X . -- --- X - Substance CAS Ho. TABLE 2-1-A. limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits It PEL ppm* b mg/m3 Skin OesIg nat ion TWA b ppm* mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** STELC b ppm3 mg/m3 CEILING ppm3 b mg/m3 Skin Desig- nation Oicyclopentadienyl iron total dust Respirable fraction 102-54-5 15 10 - 5 - -5 Dieldrin Diethanolamine Diethylamine 60-57-1 - 0.25 X - 0.25 ill-42-2 - - 3 15 109-89-7 25 75 - 10 30 2-Diethyl ami noethanol 100-37-0 10 50 X 10 50 Diethylene triamine II1-40-0 - - - 1 4 Diethyl ether; see Ethyl ether Diethyl ketone Diethyl phthalate Difluorodibronomethane 96-22-0 84-66-2 - 15-61-6 100 860 200 705 - -5 100 860 25 75 - . - - - X X - _ - SL 071958 Substance CAS No. TABU Z-l-A. Limits for Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* PP* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TWA ppm* b mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** SILlC b ppm3 mg/m3 CEILING ppm3 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Diglycidyl ether (OGE) 2238-07-5 Olhydroxybenzene; see llydroquinone Oiisobutyl ketone 108-83-8 Diisopropytamine 108-18-9 4-D ime t hyIaminoazobenzene; see 1910.1015 60-11-7 Dimethoxymethane; see Methylal 0imethy1 acetamide 127-19-5 Oimelhylamine 124-40-3 0ime t hylami nobenzene; see Xylidine (00.5 (02.8 50 290 5 20 X 10 35 X 10 18 0* . 0.5 25 150 5 20 10 35 10 16 __ - - - _ -- --X -X -- SL 071959 SL 0719 Substance CAS No. Dimethylaniline (N-Dlmethyl-anillne) Dimethylbenzene; see Xylene Dimethy1-l,2-dibromo2,2-dichloro# phosphate Dimethyl formamtde 2,6-Oimethy1-4-heptanone; see Dtisobutyl ketone 1, l-Dimethylltydrazine Dimethylphthaiate Dimethyl sulfate Dinitolmide (3,5D!n1tro-o-toluamide) 121-69-1 300-76-5 6B-12-2 57-14-7 . 131-11-3 1?--30-1 148-01-6 TABLE Z-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits * PEL ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation ____ m______ W** 4 b mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** STELC b ppm1 mg/m3 CEILING ppm1 b wj/nr* Skin Desig nation 5 25 X 5 25 10 50 - X -- - -3 - 10 X 10 30 - 0.5 1 X 0.5 1 5 - -5 1 5 X 0.1 0.5 - - -5 - - -X -X -X - -X -- Substance CAS No. (ABLE 2-l-A. Units For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits * _______ ea. ppn* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TWA b ppm* mg/m3 rinal Rule Limits** S1CIC ppm3 b mg/m3 CEILING ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Designation Dinitrobenzene (all isomers) Dinitro-o-cresol Oinitrotoluene Dioxane (Oiethylene dioxide) Oloxathion (Oelnav) Oiphenyl (Biphenyl) Oiphenylamine Oiphenylmethane ditsocyanate; see Methylene bisphenyl Isocyanate Dipropylene glycol methyl ether 528-29-0 99-65-0 100-25-4 534-52-1 121-14-2 123-91-1 78-34-2 92-52-4 122-39-4 34590-94-8 1X I - 0.2 - 1.5 100 0.2 - 360 1 - X X X - - 0.2 - 1.5 25 90 - 0.2 0.2 1 - 10 100 600 X 100 600 --- ----- 150 900 - x X X X X X SL 071961 Substance CAS Mo. TABLE Z-l-A. limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TUA b ppm* mg/in3 Final Rule Limits** srELc b ppm* mg/m3 CEILING ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Oestg- nation Dipropyl ketone Dfquat Di-sec octyl phthalate (Dl-2-ethylhexylphthalate) DisulFiram Oisulfoton 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-pcresol Dturon Di vinyl h****'*'' Emery Total dust Respirable fraction Endosulfan 123-19-3 85-00-J 117-01--7 9T-IT-B 298-0A-A 128-37-0 330-54-1 100-57-6 112-62-9 115-29-7 - - 50 235 - - - 0.5 5-- s - - -2 - - - 0.) --- -- 10 - - - to - - 10 50 15 10 5 - --5 0.1 - 10 - __ " ----- ---- X ----- X SL 07196 Substance CAS No. TABLE 2-l-A. Units For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* ppm4 b mg/nP Skin Desig nation TWA ppm4 b mg/ir? Final Rule Limits** STElC b ppm4 mg/m? CEILING ppm4 b mg/n? Skin Desig nation Endrin Epichlorohydrin EPN 1,2-Epoxypropane; see Propylene oxide 72-20-8 I06-B9-B 2104-64-5 0.1 X 5 19 X - 0.5 X 2,3-Epoxy-1-propanol; see Glycidol Ethanethiol; see Ethyl mercaptan Ethanol amine 141-43-5 3 6 Ethion 2-Ethoxyethanoi 563-12-2 - 110-80-5 200 140 2-Ethoxyethy] acetate (Cellosolve acetate) II1-15-9 100 540 X X 0.1 28 - 0.5 - X X - -X 38 6 15 - -- - 0.4 - X In process of 6(b) rulemaking In process of 6(b) rulemaking SL 071963 Substance CAS No. TABLE Z-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits ft PEL ppm1 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TWA ppm* 6 mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** SltLC ppm* b mg/m3 CEILING ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Ethyl acetate Ethyl acrylate Ethyl alcohol (Ethanol) Ethylamlne Ethyl any! ketone (5-Methyl-3-heptanonel Ethyl benzene Ethyl bromide Ethyl butyl ketone (3-Heptanone) Ethyl chloride Ethyl ether Ethyl formate 141-78-6 140-88-5 64-17-5 75-04-7 106-60-3 IOO-4I-4 74-96-4 106-35-4 75-00-3 60-29-7 109-94-4 400 25 1000 to 25 100 200 50 1000 400 100 1400 100 1900 18 130 435 890 230 2600 1200 300 _ 400 1400 X 5 20 - 1000 1900 - 10 18 - 25 130 - 100 435 - 200 B90 - 50 230 - 1000 2600 - 400 1200 100 300 --_ 25 100 --- -125 545 250 1110 --500 1500 __-X --- ---- ---- SL 0719 Substance CAS No. TABLE 2--1--A- Units For Air Contaminants Transitional Linits PEL* ppnt* b mg/m3 Skin Oesignation TMA ppma b mg/re3 Final Rule Limits** STELC ppna b mg/m3 CEILING ppma b mg/m3 Skin Oesignation Ethyl mercaptan Ethyl silicate Ethylene chlorohydrin Ethylenediamine Ethylene dibromide Ethylene dichloride Ethylene glycol Ethylene glycol dinitrate Ethylene glycol methyl acetate; see Methyl cellosolve acetate Ethyleneimine; see 1910.1012 15-08-1 78-10-4 107-07-3 101-15-3 106-93-4 101-06-2 101-21-1 (C)10 (C)25 _ 100 850 - 5 16 X 10 25 - See Table Z-2 See Table 1-2 - -- 620-96-6 (CJ0.2 (C)l X 151-56-4 0. 5 10 10 1 - 1 -- - 85 -- - - -- 1 25 -- - In process of 6(b) rulemaking 4 28 - - -- 50 3 - 125 " - 0.1 X - - X SL 071965 Substance CAS No. TABLE 7-l-A. Units For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* ppm9 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TWA b ppm* mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** STELC b ppm9 mg/m3 CE11INU ppm9 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Ethylene oxide; see 1910.104? Ethylidene chloride; see 1,1-Olchtoroethane EthylIdene norbornene N-Ethylmorphaline Fenamiphos Fensulfothion (Dasanit) Fenthion Ferbam Total dust Respirable fraction Ferrovanadlum dust Fluorides (as F) 75-21-8 16219-75-3 100-74-3 22224-92-6 115-90-2 55-38-9 14484-64-I 12604-58-9 Varies with compound See 19 10.1047(a)(2) for operations excluded -20 94 X -- --- 15 5tSee Table -2 5 23 0.1 0.1 0.2 10 5 1 2.5 - "~" -- 3 --~ 5 25 --- '---' X X -- X - - SL 071966 Substance CAS Ho. TABLE Z-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* pint3 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation TWA b ppm* mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** SIELC ppm* b mg/m3 CEILING ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig- nation Fluorine Fluorolrtchloromethane (Irichlorofluoromethane) FonoFos Formaldahyde; see 1910.104U; Formamide Formic acid Furfural Furfuryl alcohol Gasoline Germanium tetrahydride 1182-41-4 15-69-4 944-22-9 50-00-0 15-12-1 64-18-6 98-01-1 98-00-0 8006-61-9 7182-65-2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 _ -_- 1000 5600 - -- -- 1000 5600 - - - 0.1 -- X See Table Z-2 for operations or sectors excluded or for which limit(s) is(are) stayed. -59 5 20 50 200 -- -- - 20 30 - 59 X 20 - 10 40 - 300 900 - 0.2 0.6 30 45 --15 60 500 1500 -- ------X --X --- --- SL 071967 Substance CAS No TABU Z-l-A. I ini Is For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PCI* ppnl* b ttg/rrr* Skin Desig nation THA b ppm1 ing/m3 Final Rule Limits** S(LLC b ppm4 mg/m3 CEILING ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Designation Glularaldehyde Glycerin (mist) Total dust Respirable fraction Glycidol Glycol eonoethyl ether; see 2-Ethoxyethanol Grain dust (oat, wheat, barley) Graphite, natural respirable dust Graphite, synthetic Total dust Respirable fraction GuthionR; see Azinphos < methyl 111-30-8 56-81-5 556-52-5 -- 7782-42-5 15 5 50 150 See Table 2-3 15 5 10 5 25 75 10 2.5 10 5 0.2 0.B 07196f Substance CAS No. TABLE I-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants Transitional Limits PEL* ppm4 b mg/m? Skin Desig nation TWA ppm4 b mg/m3 Final Rule Limits** STtC b ppm4 mg/m3 CEILING ppm4 b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation Gypsum Total dust Respirable fraction 7778-18-9 15 15 - 5 - -5 Hafnium 7440-58-6 - 0.5 - - 0.5 Heptachlor 76-44-8 - 0.5 X - 0.5 Heptane (n-Heptane) 142-82-5 500 2000 - 400 1600 llexach lorobutad i ene 8T-68-3 - - - 0.02 0.24 llexachlorocyclopentadiene 77-47-4 - - - 0.01 0.1 Hexachloroethane 6M2-I 1 10 X 1 10 llexach 1 oronaph tha 1 ene 1335-87-1 - 0.2 X - 0.2 llexafluoroacetone 684-16-2 - - - 0.1 0.7 n-llexane 110-54-3 500 1800 - 50 100 Hexane isomers Varies with compound - - _ 500 1800 ---500 2000 -- -----1000 3600 - -- -- -X - ---- ----X --X - -X -- - -- SL 071969 Substance CAS No. IA0LE Z-l-A. Limits For Air Contaminants transitional Limits PEL* PPX* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation IMA ppm* b mg/m3 rinal Rule Limits** STEl.C b ppm* ng/m3 CEILING ppm* b mg/m3 Skin Desig nation 2-Hexanone (Methyl n-butyl ketone) Hexone (Methyl isobutyl ketone) sec-Hexyl acetate Hexylene glycol Hydrazine Hydrogenated terphenyts Hydrogen bromide Hydrogen chloride Hydrogen cyanide 591-70-6 100-10-1 108-84-9 10J-4I-5 302-01-2 61)88-32-1 10035-10-6 )64)-01-0 14-90-8 Hydiogen fluoride (as F) 1664-39-J 100 410 100 410 50 300 -1 1.3 3 (05 10 10 (07 II See lable 1-2 X X - 5 20 50 205 50 300 -0.1 0.1 0.5 5 ---- 3 __ 75 300 - 4.7 5 6 --_ --25 125 -- -3 10 57 - X X SL 071970 IPEL & STEL LEVELS FOR PRODUCTS IN DERIVATIVES PRODUCT PPM., ( VOL ) IPEL STEL ETHYL CHLORIDE (EC) ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE ( EDC) METHYLCHLOROFORM ( MC) PERCHLOROETHYLENE (PER) TRICHLOROETHYLENE ( TRI) VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE ( VDC) 1,1 DICHLOROETHANE ( DCE) 200 1 350 25 50 1 10 375 2 450 100 200 10 25 SL 071971 SYSTEM ELEMENTS: TANK OR VESSEL TO CLEAR (CONTAMINATED WITH ORGANICS) UTILITIES LIKE N2, STEAM, AIR (ENERGY CARRIERS) MEANS TO DO IT (ENGINEERING CONTROLS) PEOPLE (WITHOUT THEM, NOTHING CAN BE ACCOMPLISH AND THE INVESTMENT IS WASTED) TIME (WE HAVE A LIMITED TIME TO DO THE JOB) 2) GATHER THE ENGINEERING DESIGN DATA OF THE DERIVATIVES PROCESS EQUIPMENT: PRESSURE & TEMPERATURE RATING AND IF THE EQUIPMENT IS RATED FOR VACUUM. THIS DATA WILL EVENTUALLY HELP US IN DETERMINING WHAT WE CAN OR CAN NOT DO TO CLEAR THE EQUIPMENT OF ORGANICS SO MAINTENANCE CAN WORK ON. 3) TESTING & EXPERIMENTATION: A GROUP OF PEOPLE FROM OPERATIONS, ENGINEERING, LAB, ENVIRONMENTAL, INDUSTRIAL HYGIENIST, ETC. WAS ASSEMBLED TO CONSIDER OPTIONS ON HOW WE ARE GOING TO ACHIEVE THE GOALS SET BY THE RULES & REGULATIONS. CONSIDERATION WAS GIVEN TO HOW LIKELY WILL WE BE ABLE UTILIZE A PARTICULAR CLEARING PROCEDURE. ARE WE GOING TO CREATE ADDITIONAL PROBLEMS? IS THE VESSEL RATED TO UNDERGO THE PROCEDURE? THESE AND OTHER QUESTIONS WERE CONSIDERED IN THIS PHASE. PRELIMINARY SOP'S WERE PREPARED. THESE WILL BE UTILIZED AS BLUEPRINTS FOR THE SPECIFIC SOP'S. 4) AFTER EXPERIMENTATION, SORTING OUT PROS & CONS, THE WAYS TO CLEAR EQUIPMENT ARE: HOT N2 PURGING, STEAMING (FOLLOWED BY DRYING), WATER WASHING, VACUUM. IN SOME CASES, WE WILL END UP UTILIZING MORE THAN ONE PROCEDURE. FOR EXAMPLE, HOT N2 FOLLOWED BY STEAMING. REMARKS: 1) THIS IS AN EXPENSIVE PROPOSITION THAT WE NEED TO COMPLY. CONSIDERABLE EFFORT IS BEING PUT TOGETHER TO COMPLY WITH THE REGULATION. 2) EVERYBODY'S COOPERATION IS NEEDED TO MAKE THIS A SUCCESSFUL EFFORT. THE PEOPLES ELEMENT IS PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT IN ALL THIS PROJECT. 3) THINGS WILL NOT GET EASIER FROM THE REGULATORY ARENA, SO IT IS SAFE TO ASSUME THAT MORE IS TO COME. HOWEVER, WE WILL HAVE THE DETERMINATION TO OVERCOME THEM AS THEY SHOW UP. TE-II SAFETY MEETING: EDC IPEL EQUIPMENT CLEARING IPEL REGULATION: OSHA RULE 1910.1000 THE REGULATION MANDATES LOWER PERSONNEL EXPOSURE LIMITS TO EDC & OTHER CHEMICALS IN DERIVATIVES. THE REGULATION IS IN EFFECT NOW WITH A PROVISION WHICH ALLOWS WORKERS TO BE IN AREAS THAT MAY EXCEED THE NEW STANDARD IF THEY USE RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. THE RULE REQUIRES THAT ENGINEERING CONTROLS BE INSTALLED TO ACHIEVE COMPLIANCE WITH THE PERSONNEL EXPOSURE STANDARDS WITHOUT THE NEED OF RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. BY THE tNt of TH YAk ^JEVT VlX EXPOSURE LIMITS @ TE-II: TWA STEL VC 1 5 EDC 1 2 DCE 10 25 MC 350 450 THIS IS WHAT WE NEED TO ACHIEVE. THE ONLY WAY WE WILL BE ABLE TO ACCOMPLISH THIS TASK IS BY THE DEDICATION OF ALL OF US IN TAKING CARE THE ENGINEERING CONTROLS THAT ARE IN THE PROCESS OF DESIGN AND PROCUREMENT ARE PROPERLY USED. COMMON-SENSE WORKING PRACTICES WILL GO A LONG WAY IN THIS EFFORTS, TOO. HOW TO DEAL WITH THIS PROJECT: (T> / < A) SORTED OUT THE CLEAR MANDATES CATEGORIES OF THE OSHA RULE. THIS INCLUDE PUMPS, COMPRESSORS, PRESSURE RELIEVES IN GAS & LIQUID SERVICES, CLOSED LOOP SAMPLING, OPEN LINES, VALVES, AND PROCESS EQUIPMENT CLEARING. B) DIVIDED THE PROJECT IN TWO PHASES FOR IMPLEMENTATION. PHASE I DEALS WITH THE PUMPS, COMPRESSORS, PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICES IN GAS SERVICE (LOW PRESSURE TANKS), SMALL VESSEL CLEARING, AND SAMPLING. THIS PHASE IS IN THE PROCESS OF BEING IMPLEMENTED, /tf7 rfpfrOs'JL. C) PHASE II DEALS PRIMARILY WITH PROCESS EQUIPMENT CLEARING. DISTILLATION COLUMNS, TANKS, HEAT EXCHANGERS, REACTORS, ETC. THIS PHASE IS IN THE DETAIL ENGINEERING DESIGN. rW t ll U((tL^J ORGANICS OUT OF A VESSEL OR TANK. THE CONSTRAINS ARE: MEET OR EXCEED THE PERSONNEL EXPOSURE STANDARDS SET BY OSHA, AND COMPLY WITH OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL RULES AND REGULATIONS LIKE THE IMPENDING CLEAN AIR ACT. NOT AN EASY TASK, BUT IF WE WANT TO STAY IN BUSINESS, WE NEED TO COMPLY WITH THEM. SL 071973