Document LBVj1zj68kom8jjeD1XnxbQ3

Heating Ventilating Air Conditioning Guide 1938 Table 2. Base Temperature for the Degree-Day3 Type of Building No. of Buildings Analyzed Office.........".J. 1V __________ _____ __ .. ___ .... Office and Bank.__; . ...... .:... __ ___ - Bantr Office and Telephone Exchange.......... ...... ,.i. . ` Office and Stores.;. ____________ * Stores.__ _________ :...... ........................... Department Stores....... ....... ................................ Hotels _ . __ ...,_____ . Apartments. ....... ..................................... ........ Residences. ____.'.; Clubs. . .,............ .;..... ...................... .1____ .. _ Lod ges._ ..... ...I......... TheatresTM !......__________ 1J Churches. _____ :.................................................. Garage. ...._______________ ...._________________ Auto Sales and Service..... .................. ........... ' Newspaper and Printing....... ............. ................ Warehouse and Loft_______ _____ ______; Office and Loft.' _________ ___1................... .-. Manufacturing--____ ,.___ :......... .................. ......... 60...... . 4............ 3 2 6 11 12 :T ' 14 8 4 5 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 8 Average for 163 Buildings...... .. Temperature F Corresponds to Zero .. Steam Consumption .. 66.2 . . 65.8 66.2 * 65.5 , 67.4 64.0 64.3 66.5 68.8 ' 66V9" ' 65.5 64.9 67.6 65.8 64.8 61.2 67.7 67.7 65.2 65.4 . 66.0 F Report of Commercial Relations Committee, 1952 Proceedings, National District Heating Association. .Table 3. Steam Consumption for Various Classes of Buildings4 {Heating Season Only) 1 , Building Classification Steam Consumption No. or Pounds pee Degree-Day--$5 F Bab4 Buildings . Listed Per M Cu Ft Per M Sq Ft Per M Bta of Heated of Radiatore per Hr of Space Surface Heat Loesb Apartments...................................... ....................... 16 Hotels; ................................................................ 10 12 Printing____ . ,,1........... .. ............................. 7 Clubs and Lodges. ................................ .............. 10 \ Retail Stores.. . . .......... .......... ................ 18 Theatres... ... .. ._ '_.................................... 6 Loft and Mfg. . . ________ _ _____ _ 16 Batiks.... ......... ................ .................................... " 7 Auto Sales and Service.--.................................. .8 6 14 6 Offices (Total)__ ___ .--...... ____i--...;. 35 Offices; (Heating -only).................................... .... 35 1.78 1.46 1.32. 1.25 0.96 0.90 0.90 0.89 0.88 0.83 0.58 0.57 0.42 1.09 0.975 97.5 0.359 80.6 0.371 64.2 105.5 77.0 80.6 0.268 75.0~ . 0.498 72.3 0.283 .45.2 62.2 49.4 60.7 0.238 72.3 70.0 0.283 65.4 0.256 Includes steam for heating domestic water for heating season'only. bHeat loss calculated for maximum design condition (in most cases 70 F inside, zero outside). Equivalent steam radiator surface. dThe figures are a numerical--not a weighted--average for the several buildings in each class. Based on zero consumption at 55 F. 234 Tf 1 ^ j i ' ; 1 ; !| 3 .1 j i j j Chapter 12. Heat and,Fuel Utilization expected.' .For ari.average figure, the A.G.A. base of 65 F may'therefore.be safely used, and if greater refinement is desired, the figure for the type of building under consideration can be taken from Table 2. Table 34 gives, the steam consumption per degree-day, expressed in three different ways, for 196 buildings in 14 different classifications. These buildings are divided among. 21 different cities in the United States. The steam used for heating the domestic water is included, in these figures, but in the case of office buildings, the steam for heating only is also shown. The'data are placed on a comparable basis by expressing the steam consumption in terms of pounds per degree-day per thousand square feet of equivalent installed radiator surface, per thousand cubic feet of heated space, and per thousand Btu of calculated heat loss. Fig. 1. Method of Determining Base Temperature for Degree-Day Calculations'; ; 1' The choice of these units of comparison require some explanation. The use of heated space in preference to the gross cubage used by architects is obviously_more accurate for this purpose. The architect's cubage includes the outer walls and certain percentages of attic and basement space which are usually unheated. . The net heatpd.space is usually about 80 per cent of the gross cubage and can be. calculated from the latter if. it cannot be measured. The cubical content is somewhat inaccurate as a basis of.comparison due to differences in types of construction, exposure, and. ratio of exposed area'-'to cubical contents. - The use of radiator surface as the basis, of comparison has two ob-. jections. One is that the amount of radiator surface in a building is often either excessive or. deficient, and figures for steam consumption based on it are therefore likely to be in error. Another reason is that it is difficult to convert fan. coil surface into equivalent direct radiator surface with accuracy. On the whole, the use of radiator surface as the basis-of com parison is the least satisfactory of the three.methods. 'The Heat Requirements of Buildings, by J. H. Walker and G. H. Tuttle (A.S.H.V.E..Transactions, Vol. 41. 1935. p. 171). '. `Report of Commercial Relations Committee, 1952 Proceedings', National-District Heating Association? 235