Document L4Y8VdmVwN2nDKpz1GB5g8Kg

FILE NAME: Military Specifications (MS) DATE: 1949 DOC#: MS013 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Dept of Commerce Commercial Standard - Mineral Wool Insulation for Heated Industrial Equipment j o STACKS MINERAL WOOL INSULATION FOR HEATED INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT (Second Edition) COMMERCIAL STANDARD CS117-49 [Supersedes CSX17--44] Elective Date for New Production From June 1, 1949 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHARLES SAW YER, Secretary For sale by th e S u p erin ten d en t of D o cu m en te, U . S . G overn m en t P rin tin g O ffice W a sh in g to n 25, D . C. - P rice 15 c e n ts COMMODITY STANDARDS Simplified Practice R ecom m endations and C om m ercial S tandards ire developed by m anufacturers, distributors, and users in cooperation vith the Com modity S tandards Division of the N ational B ureau of Standards. The purpose of Simplified P ractice R ecom m endations s to elim inate avoidable w aste through the establishm ent of standards if practice for stock sizes and varieties of specific com m odities th a t :urrently are in general production and dem and. T he purpose of Commercial S ta n d ard s is to estab lish s ta n d a rd m eth o d s o f te st, ra tin g , certification, and labeling of com m odities, and to provide uniform oases for fair com petition. The adoption and use of a Simplified P ractice R ecom m endation or Commercial S tan d ard is v o lu n tary . H ow ever, w hen reference to a Commercial S tandard is m ade in contracts, labels, invoices, or'adverising literature, the provisions of the stan d ard are enforceable through isual legal channels as a p a rt of the sales contract. A Simplified P ractice R ecom m endation or C om m ercial S tan d ard iriginates with the proponent industry. T he sponsors m ay be nanufacturers, distributors, or users of the specific product. One if these three elem ents of in d u stry subm its to th e C o m m o d ity S tandirds Division the necessary d a ta to be used as the basis for developing i standard of practice. The Division, by means of assem bled confermces or letter referenda, or both, assists the sponsor, group in arriving it a ten tativ e standard of practice and th ere after refers it to the other dements of the same industry for approval or for constructive criticism ;hat will be helpful in m aking an y necessary ad ju stm en ts. T h e reg u ar procedure of the Division assures continuous servicing of each :ffective Simplified Practice R ecom m endation and C om m ercial S tandird, through review and revision, whenever, in the opinion of the inlustry, changing conditions w arrant such action. Sim plified P ractice Recommendations and Com m ercial S tandards are printed and m ade ivailable by the D epartm ent of Com m erce through the G overnm ent Minting Office. COM M ERCIAL STANDARD FOR M IN ER A L WOOL INSULATION FOR H EA TED IN D U STRIA L E Q U IPM E N T In S eptem ber 1943 th e In d u s tria l M in eral W ool I n s titu te proposed he establishm ent of a commercial standard for m ineral wool insulaion for heated industrial equipm ent. This led to th e developm ent f a recommended standard, which was subsequently accepted by he trade and finally issued as C om m ercial S tan d ard C S117-44, dnerai Wool: B lankets, Blocks, Insulating C em ent, aqd Pipe nsulation for H eated Industrial E quipm ent. A recommended revision of this standard w as circulated on M arch , 1949, to th e trad e for w ritten acceptance. T hose concerned have ince accepted and approved for prom ulgation th e stan d ard shown erein. r o je c t M a n a g e r : J . W . M ed ley , C o m m o d ity S ta n d a rd s D ivision, N ational Bureau of Standards. "e c h n ic a l A d v is e r : H. E . R obinson, B u ild in g T echnology Division, N ational Bureau of Standards. COM M ERCIAL STANDARD CSI 17-49 for MINERAL WOOL INSULATION FOR HEATED INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT (SECOND EDITION) PURPOSE L. T he purpose of th is s ta n d a rd is (a) to estab lish m inim um speci fications for insulating heated surfaces w ith m ineral wool for the guidance of m anufacturers, distributors, installers, contractors, engi neers, and u sers; (b) to av o id d elay s a n d m isu n d e rsta n d in g s; a n d (c) 1to provide a stan d ard basis for certifying quality of m aterial and installation. SCOPE 2. T h is sta n d a rd covers m inim um physical req u irem en ts and standards for m ineral wool in the form of loose an d g ran u lated wool, felts, blankets, industrial b atts, blocks or boards, pipe insulation, and insulating cem ent, for insulating heated industrial equipm ent. I t also includes thicknesses of insulation required for various operating tem peratures, recom m ended m ethods of installation, and a m ethod of guaranteeing com pliance w ith the standard. T he range of typos, classes, therm al conductivities, tem perature lim its, and sizes of m in eral wool products for insulating heated industrial equipm ent arc show n in tab ic 1. DEFINITIONS 3. Mineral wool.--Mineral wool insulation is rock, slag, or glass processed from a molten state into fibrous form. 3a. Loose.--Mineral wool as originally processed and collected in a fluffy mass without regard to form or dimension. 3b. Granulated.--Mineral wool mechanically processed into nodules. 3c. Felt.--Mineral wool with binder added, manufactured in semi rigid form and furnished in flat sheets or rolls. 3d. Blanket.--M ineral wool with or without binder, reinforced on one or both sides with various types of confining media and suitably bound together. / 3e. Industrial batt.---Mineral wool without binder, manufactured in flat sheets or rolls. 1 C om m ercial S ta n d a rd CS117-J(9 3f. Block or board.--Mineral wool in rigid foim, with binder, with r without surface coating, and normally furnished in flat rectangular ucces. 3g. Pipe insulation, blanket-1i/pc.--Mineral wool reinforced on one r both sides by various types of confining media and suitably bound ogether to form a nonrigid pipe insulation. 3h. Pipe insulation, molded-typc.--Mineral wool combined with ther ingredients to form a rigid pipe insulation. 3i. Insulating cement.--A dry mixture of mineral wool and other ngredients which, when mixed together with water to proper trowel!ig consistency, is suitable for application on heated equipment. REQ U IREM EN TS 4. Insulation.--The insulation -haII be. mineral wool in one of the allowing forms: loose, granulated, ich, blanket, industrial batt, block r board, pipe insulation, blanket- or molded-type, or insulating ement. 4a. Applicability.--Materials shall be of a type having physical haracteri?. "s suited to their intended use. 4b. Thermal conductivity.--The thermal conductivity (k), expressed s Btu per hour per square fool per degree Fahrenheit for a thickness f 1 in., shall not exceed the values shown in table 1 for each product t the mean temperature shown. The thermal conductivity shall be cterinined as described in lest method X I of Commerical Standard DS131-46, or later revision. 4c. Density.--The installed density shall be as recommended by he manufacturer and shall comply with the thermal conductivity peeifled in paragraph 4b. The density shall be determined in accordnee with the test methods described in Commercial Standard CS131-- 6, or later revision, as follows: Test method Insulating cement___________________________________________ IV Industrial batt, blanket, felt, and blanket-type pipe insulation___ Vfa) Block or board insulation_____________________________________ V(b) Molded-typc- pipe insulation__________________________________ V(c) 4d. Incombustibility.--All mineral wool insulation shall meet the squirements of the incombustibility classification when tested in ecordancc with test method VI of Commercial Standard CS13I-46, r later revision. 4e. Temperature resistance.--The mineral' wool insulation, when jsted at the temperature of intended usage in accordance with test lethod X of Commercial Standard CS131-46, or later revision, shall aow no changes which adversely affect its serviceability, provided lat the temperature of use does not exceed the maximum temperaare limit of the product as listed in table 1. 4f. Classes.--Mineral wool products for heated surfaces shall be sted in classes having maximum temperature limits as follows: Class op A ________ ______ 600 B _________ ______ 1,000 C_________ ______ 1,200 D ________ ______ 1, 600 E ......... .. ______ 1,800 Mineral Wool Insulation {H igh Temperatures) 3 T able 1. Types, conductivities, classes, and unit sizes of mineral wool products Typos M aximum ther 0 m al cond u ctiv ity (k) at F mean tem perature M axim um recom m ended tem perature lim it 200 300 400 Class F up to-- U n it sizes Loose wool......................... 0. 37 0 46 0 55 Itdn---------- G ran u lated w ool............. .37 F e lts ______ ______ ____ . 44 Io .55 (d----- A ______ B la n k e ts ......................... . .41 .47 53 (inc-..-.-.-.-.. In d u strial b u tts ............. - .35 .47 .60 \(CB---------- B locks or b o a rd s.............. .50 .53 56 jKc..__......... ID___ Pipe insulation, .41 blanket-tj pe. 47 53 1/BC-..-.-.-..-. P ip e in s u la tio n , m olded-typo. .40 . li. .52 A ______ In su latin g c em en t......... . .70 .75 .80 1,000 /P a c k a g e d in bays containing u p to 40 lb J.6O0 I each. 1,000 /P a c k a g e d in bags containing u p to 40 lb 1,600 \ each. 600 1 to 4 in. th ic k by 24 in. w ide b y 30 or 48 in. long. 11,,O2O00O /I \ to 6 tn. thick m. long. by 24 in. w ide b y 4S or 9o 1, OOO 1 io 4 in. th ic k by 24 in. w ide b y 48 in. 1, 200 . long. 600 1, 200 1,000 1,000 1, 2u0 ( Blboyck1s8: o1r t3o64inin. .lothnigc.k by 6 or 12 in. v ide B oards: 1 to 3 in. thick by 12 to 36 id. w ide b y 36 or 48 in. long. 600 rH 1t4o-i4n.ina.n dth ilcakrgebrys3te6eilnp. ilpoengsiztoesf.it \i- to 1,,-`X 1 1 800 [P ackaged in bags containing 60 lb each. 4g. Dimensions.--All measurements of dimensions shall be made in accordance with Commercial Standard CS131-46, or later revision. 4li. Felt.--For felt mineral wool, a minus tolerance of % in. shall be permitted in all dimensions. 4i. Blankets.--Blankets shall be supported on one or both sides b3r metal lath, wire netting, canvas, paper, or other facing material secured by wire or cord ties through the material. The types of facing mate rials shall be specified by the purchaser. For installations on which the subsequent application of Insulating cement is specified, expanded inetal lath shall be furnished on one side of the blankets. Standard sizes of blankets shall be as listed in table 1 and no dimension shall be less than that specified. 4j. Industrial batts.--Standard sizes of industrial batts shall be as listed in table 1 and no dimension shall be less than that specified. 4k. Blocks or boards.--Blocks or boards shall be manufactured with square corners and with sides and ends parallel. Standard sizes shall be as listed in table 1, subject to a tolerance of plus or minus %in. in all dimensions. 41. Pipe insulation, blanket-type.--Blanket-type pipe insulation shall be secured on one or both sides by metal lath, wire netting, or other facing material secured by wire or cord tics through the material. I t shall be furnished in a single layer, in sections 24 in. long, and for standard pipe sizes. The dimensions shall be such that a snug fit will bo obtained when the insulation is installed on the pipe at the specified thickness, Commercial Standard CS117-4-9 4m. Pipe insulation, moldcd-type.--Mohled-typc pipe insulation tail be furnished in single- or double-layer thicknesses, as shown in ible 2, and in sections or segments 36 in. long for standard pipe sizes. . tolerance of plus or minus in. in all dimensions shall be permitted. a b l e 2. Moldcd-typc pipe insulation---thicknesses* for standard-weight steel pipe sizes P ip e size N o m in al A c tu a l 0 P . S ta n d a rd th ick n ess m H ')* 1 Ui U -j o 2 3 3 1 4*6 b 5 6 7 *> 8 9 *> 10 n b 12 14 a o d u p in . 0 SlO 1 050 1 :\15 1 tiotj 1 1A)0 2 375 2 ST 3 500 4 000 4 .5 0 0 5 000 5 5M 0 t25 7 027 8 025 9 625 10 75)0 11 750 1 2 .7 5 0 i/z. u is u 1H z l* 4 a 1*63 IHa Us n m m ih IH IH IH IH IH IH D o u b l stan d ard th ick n ess in . IH IH IH IH IH 2H 2M e 2he 2H 2H 2 \i 2H 2H 2H 2H 2H 2H 2H 3 3 In addition to tin1 th k >jk-ci!iod n l o u '. inoK U d-type pipe insulation m ay be m ainline lured in icknossrs of 1, l h , 2. 2 P . .1, an d 4 m. tor all nom inal pipe mzcs. b These pipe <izts are not listed us sta n d a rd for steel pipe m Sim plified P ractice R ecom m endation K57-32, rought-irou and W rought-steel Pipe, V ah cs, and Fillings. 4n. Insulating cement.--When tested in accordance with test letliod I of Commercial Standard OS131--46, or later revision, insu lting cement shall show an adhesion to steel of not less than 3 lb er sq in. When tested in accordance with test method IV of Comlercial Standard CS131-46, or later revision, insulating cement shall io w a volume change on drying of not more than 20 percent and a ry coverage of not less than 45 sq ft, 1 in. thick per 100 lb of dry ement. 5. Auxiliary materials. 5a. Finishing cements may be used to provide a smooth, hard rrface over insulating materials in locations not subject to excessive loisturc or abrasion. 5b. Asphaltic weatherproof finish may be used to provide a waterght protective finish over insulating materials in locations where scessive moisture or abrasion is encountered or wherever else specified rithin its temperature limit. This asphaltic finish shall consist of a brated asphalt emulsion, which, for weatherproofing purposes, shall e applied to a minimum dry thickness of %in. (See par. 17c (1) aiid milar references to weatherproof finish over the various product >rms of mineral wool.) 5c. Miscellaneous materials, such as adhesives, attacliment devices, mvas, papor, metal fabrics, asbestos-cement sheets, roofing felt, Mineral Wool Insulation (High Temperatures) ' 5 paint, sheet metal, etc., shall be of a type and quality satisfactoiy for use in the applications hereinafter described. R EC O M M EN D ED INSTALLATION R EQ U IR EM EN TS C. The following represents recommended installation requirements, based upon long experience, for maximum service in the use of mineral wool products for insulating heated industrial equipment. 7. Piping, vessels, boilers, and all other operating equipment shall be inspected and tested for leaks, mechanical defects and operations, and repairs and adjustments completed before applying insulation, to avoid tlie necessity of its subsequent removal for such purposes. 8. All mineral wool insulating products and accessory materials shall be installed in a neat, workmanlike manner in accordance with the following recommendations and subject to the approval of the purchaser. APPLICATION (GENERAL) 9. Selection of mineral wool products. 9a. The different types of mineral wool products described in para graphs 3 and 4 are designed to serve a wide range of operating condi tions for most types of heated equipment. In many cases, several forms of mineral wool products will perform equally satisfactorily, hence their choice should be based on. a consideration of the specific equipment and operating conditions, together .with the pertinent performance properties and relative costs. (1) Loose wool, granulated wool, and industrial batts usually are low in coat from a material standpoint. They re quire a structural means of retention and protective finish such as an exterior metal shell or masonry. (2) Mineral wool felts and blankets combine low material cost and excellent therm al value w ith a degree of product rigidity. T h ey are not designed for load-bearing service. (3) Mineral wool blocks or boards are rigid, have higher com pressive strength, and thus are installed, for exam ple, on the top of heated equipm ent where w orkm en m ay have to cross the insulation for m aintenance reasons. (4) Blanket-type mineral wool pipe insulation, charaeterized by its flexibility and high thermal efficiency, is manu factured in sizes to fit pipe lines 2 in. and up. (5) Molded-type mineral wool pipe insulation has rigidity and strength and is preformed to facilitate installation on heated pipe lines. (6) Mineral wool insulating cement is used to even surfaces on blanket and block or board insulation, after applica tion on tho equipment, and to form a suitable base on which to apply a finishing coat. Because of its good adhesive strength, mineral wool insulating cement may be built up to desired thickness on valves, fittings, and ' equipment of irregular shape. 10. Thickness oj insulation. 10a. The selection of the economical thickness of mineral wool insulation to bo installed is governed largely by the operating temper- I Commercial Standard CS117-49 i i Lure maintained, the cost of heat delivered, the. number of hours 1 orated per year, and by the effectiveness and the total cost of the j pplied insulation. Other factors which determine insulation tliick- ess are the maintenance of precise temperature control, protection gainst damage by corrosion, freezing, or fire, and personal safety f workmen. 10b. The thickness of blankets, blocks or boards, insulating cement, ad pipe insulation to be applied for various operating conditions rail be not less than recommended in table 3, unless otherwise ^proved by the purchaser. The installed thicknesses of felts, indus- i ial batts, loose wool, and granulated wool shall be the same as the . `commended minimum thicknesses for blankets in table 3, within the j mperature limits designated in table 1, and consistent with the lcrinal performance required. 10c. Ext ernal surfaces of lieated multilayer brick constructions shall j insulated to a thickness no greater than that which will result in safe temperature and a safe temperature gradient for all materials sed hi the composite construction. 11. Fastenings and supports. 11a. Adequate means shall be provided to maintain the insulation i contact with the surface in order to prevent accidental displacement, intable fastenings and supports for this purpose shall be agreed upon y the purchaser ami applying contractor. 1lb. Types, extent, number, and spacing of fastenings and supports ill be determined by the nature, shape, and position of the heated irface, the type of insulation, the type of surface finish to be applied, id by the service conditions, such as vibration, weather, corrosive lines, wetting, or mechanical injury. (1) When specified the insulation shall be fidly enclosed. The enclosure may consist of metal sheets or a masonry wall spaced away from the heated surface to support the insulation externally. (See figs. 1 and 2.) (2) On vertical surfaces, blankets and blocks or boards may be supported by (a) horizontal angles attached to the surface at suitable intervals (see figs. 1 and 3), (b) wires attached perpendicular to the surface over which insulation may be impaled (see fig. 4), (c) studs inserted through the insula tion and welded by gun-type equipment to the metal sur face behind (see fig. 5), (d) bolts welded to or inserted through the metal surface (see figs. 6 and 7), (e) screws (see fig. 8), or (f) tie wires (see fig. 9). Lacing wires at the edges or over the face of the insulation may be em ployed to secure it to the supports, and circumferential bands or wires may be installed over the insulation to insure permanent contact. (See fig. 10.) (3) On horizontal surfaces having insulation applied on the under sides, the supports shall be similar to those on vertical surfaces and sufficiently close together to prevent sagging of the insulation. On horizontal surfaces with insulation applied on the upper side, fastenings will be required only to prevent accidental displacement or damage from external causes. \ Mineral Wool Insulation (H igh Temperatures) 7 T able 3. llecommended minimum insulation thicknesses T h e Insulation thicknesses listed in th is ta b le are reco m m en d ed for Indoor locations; for outdoor locations, increase insulation thickness not loss th a n y> in. F o r u n d e rg ro u n d ap p licatio n , thickness in ay be decreased x/ in. w hen specified. (Sec p ar. 10 ) BLANKET IN SULA TION 1 Tem perature F U p to 300...................................... 300 to 500.......... .................. ........... 600 to 700................................. .......... Thickness in. 1 2 Tem perature F 7O0 to 900 900 to 1,100 . . . 1,100 to 1,200....... Thickness ___ .......... in. 2M 3 3 M BLOCK OR BOARD INSULATION INSULATING CEMENT > Tem perature F U p to 200............................................ 200 to 400........... __ ......................... 400 to 500............................................. 500 to 600............................................ . _ 600 to 700........................... .. . . . . . 700 to 900.......................................__ . 900 to 1,100.......... .............................. . 1,100 to 1,300......................................... 1,300 to 1,500.. ____ _______ 1,500 to 1,600...................................... Thickness Tem perature Thickness in. F 1 U p to 200 IM 20 to 400_ .- .... 2 4C0to500 . . 2H 500 to 600 .......... ... . . 3 600 to 700 . . . m 700 to 900..................................................... 4 000 to 1,100 . . I 100 to 1,300 5 1,300 to 1 ,0 0 0 ... . ........ 1,000 to 1 ,81*0. - - ___ in. 1 IX 2 X 3 3X 4 4X 5 5X 6X PIPE INSULATION B la nket-type M olded-type Tem perature Thickness Pipes Pipes Pipes 2 in. to 4 in. to 6 ill. 4 in. 6 in. and up Tempei ature Pipes below 2 in. Thickness Pipes 4 in. and up *2 . ! F 150 to 250........................ 250 to 350........................ 350 t o 450....................... 450 to 550. . j<_____. ._ 550 to 650...................... 650 to 750....................... 750 to 900...................... 900 to 1,050............ ... 1,050 to 1,200................ tn 1 1 1 1>2 H i 2 2 2 M in. 1 X 1 1 2 2 2/$ m in. 1 U p to 275 Std fcstd. Std. 1 275 to 350...................... H i". 350 to 425___________ . . . d o ____ . l ! i " -------- 2". m 425 to 500_________ 2 " ............... D b l. s td . 2o 500 to 600................ . U b i.std ... Do. 3 4 1 (R efer to p ar. 10b.) T hese leeom m ended m in im u m th ic k n e sse s also a p p ly to felts, ind u strial b a tts, loose wool, and granulated wool a t corresponding tenij/eratures. * U su a lly a p p lied over b lan k ets an d blocks or b o ard s H in- th ic k , as a base coat for desired fiuisb. F or b u ilt-u p ap p licatio n s of in su latin g cem ent on irreg u lar surface^, th ick n esses m a y b e used up to th e practical lim it. lie . Attachment to brick or refractory masonry surfaces may be by nails driven into mortar joints, by expansion bolts, or by rods or bolts embedded in the masonry. (See fig. 11.) lid . Adhesives, rope-and-spring girdles, or other suitable means may be employed for temporary support of the insulation during application. Such supports shall be replaced by permanent fastenings before the final finish is applied. 12. Protection. 12a. Insulation and auxiliary materials shall be protected against mechanical damage and weather exposure during installation. There after periodic inspection shall be made and the insulation maintained to insure continued satisfactory performance. 330730 -48 3 Commercial Standard C SI17-I F igure 1. Insulation enclosed between metal sheets. A , M etal sheets, li, iniueral wool insulation, C, fastenings; 2), horizontal support. F igu re 2. Insulation enclosed between masonry walls. A , M asonry w alls; IS, m ineral wool insulation; C, met&l tie. Mineral Wool Insulation (High Temperatures) 9 F i g u b e 3 . Blanket insulation supported b'j clip angles. A , H eated surface; B , clip angles; C, b lan k et in su latio n ; 2), tie w ires from clip angles to m e ta l m esli facings; E, lacing wire betw een blankets. F i g u r e 4 . Blanket insulation impaled on wires. A , H eated surface. B , w ires; C, b lan k et insulation; JJ, lacing lie ; E , w ires b e n t over on face of in su la tio n . 0 Commercial Standard C Sl 17-Jfi ?iauii u. Insulation, attached by welding with stud gun after insulation is i n place. A , H eated surface, B, mineral wool insulation; C, large bead studs. 1'lGDRK 6. Insulation attached by bolts with heads welded to metal surface. A , H eated surface; B, bolt; C, mineral wool insulation; D, w asher; E , n u t. F igu re 7. Insulation attached by bolts through drilled holes. A , H eated surface; B , bolt; C, mineral wool in su latio n ; D , w asher; E , n u t. \ Mineral Wool Insulation (High Temperatures) 11 F igu re 8. Insulation attached to light-gage metal surface by sheet metal screw and washer. A , H eated surface, B , m in eral wool in su latio n , C, scievv, D , washer. F igure 9. Blanket insulation held on by hairpin wires through twin holes in metal surfaces. A , H eated surface; B, hairpin wire; C, blanket insulation; D, m etal mesh. F ig u re 10. Blanket insulation held on by tie wires attached to wire girdles and exterior circumferential bands. A , H eated surface; II, girdles; C, tie w in s ; I), b la n k e t ln^uiatiuu, U. circum ferential bauds - F laclna wires. 12 Commercial Standard OS117-40 APPLICATION (DETAIL) FELTS, IN D U STRIA L BATTS, LOOSE WOOL, AND G R A N U LA TED WOOL 13. Preparation of surface. 13a. The surface to be insulated shall be inspected. All loose parti cles, rust, scale, or dirt shall be removed and ail)' leaks or other damage repaired. 14. Installation of insulation. 14a. Felts, industrial batts, loose wool, and granulated wool shall be installed in enclosed spaces adequately supported to prevent loss of or damage to the insulation. (1) Felts and industrial batts may be installed by using tempo rary fastenings such as wires or adhesives, and then cover ing with permanent enclosures such as metal sheets, wire netting, or other speciiied material. (2) Loose and granulated wool shall be installed in spaces previously prepared to provide for the speciiied thickness. B LA N K ET IN SU LA TIO N 15. Preparation of surface. 15a. The surface to be insulated shall be inspected. All loose parti cles, rust, scale, or dirt shall be removed and any leaks or other damage repaired. 15b. Suitable anchorage for the blankets shall be provided in the form of wire cables, nuts, clip angles, or No. 9-gage galvanized wires, welded or otherwise securely affixed to the surface on specified centers. (See figs. 3 to 10.) 10. Installation of blankets. 16a. On curved metal surfaces, blankets of specified thickness (see table 3) shall be secured to the supports with the expanded-lath side exposed, edges tightly butted together, then laced together or tied at frequent intervals along the edges with No. 16-gage galvanized wire, and finally banded or wired circumferentially. (See figs. 10 and 13.) 16b. On flat surfaces, blankets shall be applied with the expandedlath side exposed, by impaling them over No. 9-gage galvanized wires welded perpendicular to the surfaee. The extending ends of the wiresthen shall be bent upward at right angles and pushed into the blanket. The blankets shall be butted, then laced together or tied at frequent intervals along all edges with No. 16-gage galvanized wire. (See tig. 10.) (1) As an alternate method of application, blankets may be' applied on flat surfaces by using No. 9-gage galvanizedwire girdles and No. 16-gage galvanized hairpin wires (see lig. 11), or clip angles welded to the surfaces (see fig. 3). 16c. On masonry surfaces, blankets of specified thickness with the expanded metal-lath faco exposed shall be secured to No. 9-gage galvanized-wire girdles and No. 16-gage galvanized hairpin wires affixed to attachments embedded in the surface, as outlined in para graph 11c. The edges should be tightly butted and laced together or tied at frequent intervals with No. 16-gage galvanized wire. (See fig. 11.) Mineral Wool Insulation (Tligh Temperatures) 13 F ig u r e 11. A p p lic a tio n o f b la n k e t in su la tio n by h a ir p in w iie s a ffix e d to ?iads embedded in masonry joints. A , M asoury surface; B , m asonry nails; C, hairpin wires; D, blanket insulation, E , lacing w ire. 16d. Expansion joints for large metal vessels. (1) Expansion joints should be provided every 12 to 16 ft on heated equipment where temperatures in excess of 600 F. are encountered. They shall consist of spaces approxi mately 1% to 2 in. wide between successive rows of blankets. (See fig. 12.) After the application of blankets and of the first %-in. coat of insulating cement, but before the second coat, a strip of asphaltic mastic approximately 4 in. wide shall be applied around the vessel over the first coat of insulating cement and imme diately below the space left between blankets. When this strip of weatherproofing has dried, the space between the blankets shall be packed with loose mineral wool. The second Ji-in. coat of insulating cement shall then be applied over the entire vessel area except over the narrow strips' of weatherproofing immediately below the expan sion joints. After the cement has thoroughly dried, a layer of No. 20-gage, 1-in. galvanized-wire mesh netting shall be tightly stretched over the insulating cement and permanently secured in place. A separating layer of 20-lb. rosin-sized paper is applied over the narrow strip of weatherproofing and a 12-in.wide strip of K-hi- galvanized hardw are cloth is applied to cover both the expansion joint and rosin-sized paper. The top edge of the hardware cloth shall be securely laced and fastened to the 1-in. wire mesh previously applied, 14 Commercial Standard C S 117-1)9 F igu re 12. Expansion joints for large metal vessels (see par. lSd). A , Heated surface; B, blanket insulation; C, first in.-layer of insulating cem ent; D, asphalt m astic trip; E , second H-in. layer of insulating cem ent; Ft loose wool fill; G, rosin-sized p ap er; H , 1-in. galvanized rire m esh, 1, 1-in. galvanized hardw are cloth; J , a sp h a lt m astic; K , lin e of cleavage; L , 12-in.-wide N o. 4-gage m etal band; M , steel straps. leaving the bottom edge of the hardware cloth free to move up or down with expansion and contraction. The entile vessel shall then be covered with weather proofing mastic, striking off a line of cleavage with the point of a trowel at the lower edge of each hardware cloth expansion shield. As an added protection against weather damage, a 12-in. band of No. 24-gage metal may be added over the entire expansion-joint area. 17. Application ojfinish,. 17a. After the blankets are in position and carefully secured, a i-in. layer of mineral wool insulating cement shall be applied. This oat shall be forced well into the expanded metal lath to form a strong cy. Sufficient cement shall he applied to level off the surface. A icond K-in. troweled coat of insulating or finishing cement shall he pplied after the first coat has dried. Portland cement to a maximum f 25 percent dry weight may be added to this coat if a harder finish d esired. 17b. Insulation located indoors and not exposed to moisture or brasion may be further finished as described below. (1) When specified, a layer of asphalt weatherproof mastic finish may be applied instead of canvas. After the second coat of cement has thoroughly dried, 1-in. galvanized-wire netting shall be stretched tightly over the Mineral Wool Insulation (High Temperatures) 15 F ig u r e 13. Application of mineral wool blanket insulation on curved surfaces. A , B are sutface; B , No 9-gage galvamzod-vwre girdles spaced 4 U. on centers, C, b la n k e t in sulation 2 i t . b y 8 it. w ired to girdles. D b lan k et edges laced w itli N o 16-gaee galvanized wires. E. \i- or -in. galvanized b an d s spaced ap p ro x im ately 8 in. on centers; F, tw o or m ore b an d s a t top; O, insulating cem ent, II, b in . galvanized-w ire n e ttin g secured in place w ith N o. lb-gage galvanized wires, /, bundling cem ent or a sp h a ltic finish surface and wired in place with No. 16-gage galvanized wire. Asphalt weatherproof mastic finish shall then be applied, sufficiently thick (approximate^ / in. thick, wet) to provide a minimum dry thickness of H in., troweling it well into the wire netting. (2) When specified, a 6- or 8-oz canvas jacket shall be sewed or pasted smoothly in place. If sewed, stitches shall be spaced not more than % in. apart, with seams located where least visible. 17c. Insulation located outdoors or exposed to moisture or abrasion shall be protected by one of the methods described below. (1) After the cement has thoroughly dried, 1-in. galvanizedwire netting shall be stretched tightly over the surface and wired in place with No. 16-gage galvanized wire. Asphalt weatherproof mastic finish shall then be applied, sufficiently thick (approximately }{ in. thick, wet) to provide a minimum dry thickness of )i in., troweling it well into the wire netting. (2) When specified on smooth regular surfaces, the cement and asphaltic coatings may be omitted, and the surface weatherproofed instead with a sheet-metal jacket. The sheet-metal jacket shall be no lighter than No. 28 gage, single or double galvanized, and shall be suitably anchored to the surface. Seams shall be lapped 2 in. against the weather and secured with metal screws, or provided with a locked or flange-crimped joint, or other wise sealed, to prevent the entry of moisture. After providing for expansion and contraction of the metal jacket, it shall be secured in place with )(-iu. or %-im- wide galvanized metal bands, machine-stretched and crimped, on specified centers. biS'SO - IK- 3 16 Conunercial S ta n d a rd CS117-J)!! BLOCK OR BOARD IN SU LA TIO N IS. Preparation oj surface. ISa. The surface to be insulated shall he inspected. All loose particles, rust, scale, or dirt shall be removed and any leaks or other damage repaired. Brick surfaces shall be made true and even as required for block or board insulation. 18b. Suitable anchorage for the insulation shall be provided as outlined in paragraph 11. 19. Installation of blocks or boards. 19a. On curved metal surfaces, blocks or boards of specified thickness (see table 3) shall be butted closely together with joints staggered, employing a suitable method of anchorage. (See par. 11.) Following application, any voids or openings between blocks or boards shall be filled with insulatingcement. A layer of 1-in. galvanized-wire netting shall he stretched tightly over the blocks and secured in place with No. l(i-gage galvanized soft iron wire. (See fig. 14.) F kjl' kk 14. Application of mineral wool block insulation on curved surfaces, .1, H.itc suti.tce, B, m ineral wau! blocks applied w ith joints staggered; C, or m . galvanized b a n d s . spaced a p p /in n iia ie ly 8 in. on centers; D, l-n gah aiuzed-w iie n c iiin g secured in place w ith X o. 16-gage ' il\ aiiizcd wiic>, E , insulating cement; E, 1-in galvanized-vwie n o tiin g secured in place w ith X o. 16-gage galvanized \\ ires; O, finishing cem ent or asp h altic finish. 19b. On flat metal surfaces, blocks or boards of specified thickness shall be properly secured, using the means of anchorage provided. (See par. 11.) Blocks shall be butted closely together with jo in ts' staggered and secured as required with steel hands or wire on specified centers, as shown in figure 15. Following application, any voids or openings between blocks or boards shall he filled with insulating cement. (1) When a subsequent application of insulating cement is specified, 1-in. galvanized-wire netting shall be stretched tightly over the blocks and wired securely in place. (2) On rectangular equipment such as ducts or breechings, comer head shall be installed when specified. (See % . 15.) \ Minerai Wool Insulation (High Temperatures) 17 F igu re 15. Application of mineral wool blocks on flat or rectangular surfaces. a, A pplication where insulation thickness is greater th an stiffener height. A , Bare surface; B , stiffener ribs; C, m ineral wool blocks; D , N o . 16-gage galvanized reinforcing w ires or galvanized bands applied over blocks; E , corner b ead secured over blocks a t com ers w ith No. 16-gage galvanized u ires; F, in su la tin g cem ent; O, 1-in. galvanized w ire n e ttin g stre tc h ed tig h tly over insulating cem ent and w ired in place; H , finishing cem ent or asphaltic finish. b, Enlarged details showing application of corner bead. A , M etal duct; B , mineral wool blocks; C, N o. 16-gage galvanized w ire over blocks; D , corner bead; E , N o . 16-gage galvanized wires d ra w n th ro u g h perio- lations in com er bead c, A p p licatio n w here in su la tio n th ick n ess is eq u al to or less th an stiffener height. A , Stiffener; B , m in e ra l wool blocks; C, insulating cem ent a n d specified finish beveled back at nb. 19c. Expansion joints should be provided every 12 to 10 ft. on heated equipment where temperatures in excess of 600 F are encountered. The application of block or board with expansion joints shall follow the method set forth in paragraph lGd and illustrated in figure 12. 19d. On masonry surfaces, blocks or boards of specified thickness (table 3) shall be butted closely together with joints staggered, using an appropriate means of support (par. 11). Following application, any voids or openings between blocks or boards shall be filled with insulating cement. (1) For installation of blocks or boards between brick or oilier structural materials, see figure 16. 20. Application offin ish . 20a. A fter the blocks or boards are secured in place and reinforced w ith 1-in. galvanized-w ire n e ttin g , a K-in. co at of in su latin g cem ent shall be ap p lied to lev el off th e su rface. A second }(-in. tro w e le d c o a t of insulating or finishing cem ent shall be applied after the first coat 18 (fommercial Sta h th ird C S 117--49 F igu re 16. Application of mineral wool blocks between structural supports. A , Bare surface; B, first layer of m ineral wool blocks a g ain st steel casing, C, second layer of blocks applied w ith all joints staggcied, D, hnck. has dried. Portland cement to a maximum of 25 percent dry weight may he added to this coat if a harder finish is desired. -20b. Insulation located indoors and not exposed to moisture or abrasion may be further finished as described below. (1) When specified, a layer of asphalt weatherproof mastic finish may be applied. After the second coat of cement has thoroughly dried, 1-in. galvanized-wire netting shall be stretched tightjy over the surface and wired in place with No. 16-gage galvanized soft iron wire. Asphaltic finish shall then be applied, sufficiently thick (approxi mately Yt in. thick, wet) to provide a minimum dry thick ness of %in., troweling it well into the wire netting. (2) When specified, a 6- or 8-oz canvas jacket shall be sewed or pasted smoothly in place. If sewed, stitches shall be spaced not more than }{ in. apart, with seams located where least visible. 20c. Insulation located outdoors or exposed to moisture or abrasion shall be protected by one of the methods described below. (1) After the cement has thoroughly dried, 1-in. galvanizedwire netting shall be stretched tightly over the surface and wired in place with No. 16-gage galvanized soft iron wire. Asphalt weatherproof mastic finish shall then be applied, sufficiently thick (approximately in. thick, wet) to provide a minimum dry thickness of % in., troweling it well into the wire netting. (2) When specified, the insulating cement, wire netting, and asphalt mastic coating may be omitted, and the surface weatherproofed instead with a sheet-nretal jacket. The sheet-metal jacket shall be no lighter than No. 28-gage, single or double galvanized, and shall be suitably an chored to the surface. Seams shall be lapped 2 in. against the weather and secured with metal screws, or Mineral Wool Insulation {High Temperatures) 19 provided with a locked or flange-crimped joint to prevent the entry of moisture. After providing for expansion anti contraction of the metal jacket, it shall be secured in place with H-in. or %-in. galvanized metal bands, machine-stretched and crimped, on specified centers. IN SU LA TIN G C E M E N T (B U IL T-U P A PPLIC A TIO N S) 21. Preparation of surface. 21a. The surface to be insulated shall be carefully inspected and all loose particles, rust, scale, or dirt removed and leaks or other damages repaired. Paint or grease shall be removed with a caustic solution which then shall be washed off with water. When possible, the surface to be insulated shall be kept warm to facilitate drying. 22. Installation of insulating cement. 22a. Before being applied, insulating cement shall be mixed with clean, fresh water to troweling consistency. 22b. On curved or flat steel surfaces, insulating cement of specified thickness (see table 3) shall be built up by applying separate coats, each no greater than % in. thick. The first coat shall be spotted on by hand, then complete]}' roughed in. After the preceding coats have dried, additional successive coats, each % in. thick or less, shall be applied until the total specified thickness is reached. (See fig. 17.) F i g l b e 17. A p p l ic a ti o n o f m in e r a l w o o l i n s u l a t i n g c e m e n t o n c u r v e d s te e l s u r fa c e s . A , C lean ed bare aurface; B , first coat of in su latin g c em en t sp o tte d on roughly b y h a n d : Ct second ooat of insulating cem ent; D, l i n . galvamzed-wite netting; E , finishing cem eut or asphaltic finish. (1) When the total insulation thickness is greater than 2 in. or when the cement is to be applied to the under side of equipment, or when the equipment is subject to vibra tion, a layer of galvanized-wire netting should be applied between every second coat. When used, the wire netting should be stretched tightly over the dry cement and securely wired in place with No. 16-gage galvanized wire. / 22c. On heated brick surfaces, insulating cement shall be applied to specified thickness, but no greater than will result in a safe tempera ture gradient for all materials used in the composite construction. Where reinforcing is required, masonry nails of suitable length shall 20 Com m ercial Stundtu'd ('iS 11'/'-jd be chivn into the mortar joint-, on approximately 12-in. m iters so that tlits heads project from the suriaoe of tins bricks. Successive layers of insulating cement shall he applied until the desired thickness is reached. (See jig. IS.) Before the last layer of insulating cement is applied, 1-in. mesh galvanizod-wire netting shall be stretched tightly over the dried cement and secured to the nails. The last coat shall he troweled carefully into the wire mesh and applied in sufficient thickness to cover the nail heads. F iguuk 18. Application of mineral wool insulating cement on brick surface. A , H ealed brick suiface; ii, nails em bedded in m asonry joints spaced ap p io x im atcly o n 12-in centers w ith h ea d s projecting about $4 in from the b in face, C , first coat of insulating cem ent a pplied nearly flush w ith nail heads; D, 1-in. galvanized vvuu mush secured to nail heads; E, second coat of in su latin g cem ent, F, cem ent or as-phalticfin is h . (1) If the insulated surface is to be weatherproofed, No. 16gage galvanized hah pin wires shall be affixed to the nail heads and permitted to extend through the overlying cement to provide anchorage for the weatherproof finish. 23. Application oj finish. 23a. Insulating cement located indoors and not exposed to moisture or abrasion shall be finished, when specified, with a %-in. troweled coat of finishing cement. Portland cement to a maximum of 25 per cent dry weight may be added to this coat if a harder finish is desired. (1) When specified, a 6- or 8-oz. canvas jacket may be sewed or pasted smoothly in place. If sewed, stitches shall be spaced not more than % in. apart, with seams located wffiere least visible'. (2) When specified, a layer of asphalt weatherproof finish shall he applied instead of canvas. After the cement has thoroughly dried, 1-in. mesh galvanized-wire netting shall be stretched tightly over the surface and wired in place with No. 16-gage galvanized wire. Asphaltic Mineral Wool Insulation (IIiyh Temperatures) 21 finish slinil then be applied, suflieiently thick (approxi mately )) in. thick, wet) to provide a minimum dry thickness of )( in., troweling it well into the wire netting. 23b. Insulating cement located outdoors, or exposed to moisture or abrasion, shall be finished with an asphalt weatherproof mastic finish. (1) After the cement has thoroughly dried, 1-in. mesh galvanized-wire netting shull be stretched tightly over the surface and wired in place with No. 16-gage soft iron galvanized wire. Asphalt weatherproof mastic finish shall then bo applied, suflieiently thick (approximately Y\ in. thick, wet) to provide a minimum dry thickness of Ys in., troweling it well into the wire netting. (See figs. 17 ami 18.) H I.A N K E T-T Y PE P IP E IN SU LA TIO N 24. Preparation of surface. 24a. Piping, valves, and fittings to be insulated shall be tested for leaks and other defects, pipe hangers relocated as required, and all other preliminary operations completed before the insulation is applied. 25. Installation on pipes. 25a. Blanket-type, pipe insulation of specified thickness (see table 3) shall be applied on pipes and long-radius bends of 2-in. standard pipe size, or greater. (1) Before being applied, the insulation shall first be formed roughly Lo fit the pipe. It shall then be applied to the pipe, and the abutting edges pulled together tightly at the longitudinal joint and secured by tying or lacing with No. 16-gage galvanized soft iron wire. The insula tion should be turned to bring the seam to the lower side. Pipe insulation shall be spaced a sufficient distance front flanges to permit removal of the bolts when flanges are opened. Adjacent lengths shall be butted closely to gether and laced with wire. Exposed ends of the wires shall bo bent over and pressed into the insulation to leave no sharp projections. (See fig. 19.) F iouhl 19. Application of blanket-type mineral wool pipe insulation on pipes. A , B are pipe; B, b lan k et-ty p e insulation u ru p jtcd elrcum fcientiaU y w o u n d b a re pu>c; C, jo in tssec u re d w ith N o. 16-gagc g a lv an iicd wires; Z>, in su latin g cem ent; B , asphaltic or o ther specified finish. '>`2 Commerciai Standard CSI 17--.'fi (2) When specified, blanket-type pipe insulation shall bo furnished with an integral galvanized-inctal jacket. It shall be applied snugly around the pipe and bolted along the flanged longitudinal joint. No further finish is required. 20. Installation on valves, /hinges, and fittings. 20a. Valves, flanges, and fittings for 2-in. standard pipe size or larger shall be insulated with blanket-type pipe insulation of thickness equal to the insulation on adjacent piping. The insulation shall be applied after the finish has been installed over the insulation on the adjacent piping. It shall be formed to fit by cutting it along the circumferential edges and then shall be secured in place by wiring the longitudinal joint. All out edges shall be laced together with No. 10-gage soft iron galvanized wire and the ends of the wire loops bent over and pressed into the insulation to leave no sharp projections. (See fig. 20.) F igure 20. Application of blanket-type mineral wool pipe insulation on large valves and fittings. A , bure fitting; B. blanket-type pipe in sulation; C, jo in ts secured w ith N o 16-gage galvanized wires; D, insulating cem ent or other specified finish. 20b. As alternate applications on valves, flanges, and fittings, insulating cement or block insulation may be used. (1) Insulating cement shall be built up in %-in. coats to a thick ness equal to the insulation on ad jacen t piping. (See par. 22a and fig. 21.) (2) Blocks h in. thick less than the insulation on adjacent - piping shall be carefu lly fitted and w ired securely in place. A h-in. coat of insulating cem ent shall then be applied, trow eling it well into the cracks betw een ad ja cent blocks. 27. Application offinish. 27a. Blanket-type pipe insulation located indoors and not exposed to moisture or abrasion shall be finished as described below. (See fig. 19.) (1) When specified, pipes, valves, flanges, and fittings shall be finished w ith m ineral wool insulating cem ent applied in Mineral Wool Insulation, (High Tempratures) 23 F ig u r e 21. Application of mineral wool insulating cement to valves, flanges, and 1 fillings. A , sectional pipe insulation; B, insulating cem ent and other specified finish. two separate }i-in. coats. A sufficiently thick first coat shall be applied and allowed to dry in order to form an even base on which to apply the finishing coat. (2) Pipes, valves, flanges, and fittings may be finished with a roofing-felt jacket, when specified. Roofing felt shall be smooth-surfaced, asbestos, asphalt-saturated and coated, weighing not less than 45 lb. per roll of 108 sq. ft. Seams shall be lapped at least 2 in. and, when i specified, shall be sealed with lap cement. The roofing- felt jacket shall then be secured in place with copper- clad steel wires, copper wires, or galvanized bands spaced on approximately 6-in. centers. (3) Pipes, valves, flanges, and fittings may be finished with asphaltic finish when specified. A K-in. coat of insulat ing cement shall be applied and when it has dried, 1- in. galvanized-wire netting shall be stretehed tightly over the surface and wired in place with No. 16-gage soft iron galvanized wire. Asphaltic finish shall then be applied, sufficiently thick (approximately V in. thick, wet) to provide a minimum dry thickness of % in., troweling it well into the wire netting. (4) Pipes, valves, flanges, and fittings shall be finished, when specified, with a canvas jacket, sewed or pasted over a layer of flameproof paper, X*-in.-thick asbestos paper, or a K-in. coat of insulating or finishing cement. I f - i sewed, stitches shall be spaced not more than % in. ! apart, with seams located where least visible. I 24 Commercial Standard CS117-49 27b. Blanket-type pipe insulation located outdoors or exposed to moisture or abrasion sliall be weatherproofed as described below. (1) Pipes, valves, flanges, and fittings shall be finished with a sheet-metal jacket, roofing felt, asphaltic finish, or other suitable weatherproof cover, as specified. (2) Sheet-metal jackets shall be no lighter than No. 28-gage, single- or double-galvanized. Seams shall be lapped 2 in. against the weather and secured in place with Hor /f-in. galvanized metal bands, machine-stretched and crimped, on approximately 6-in. centers. (3) When a roofing-felt finish is specified it shall be smooth surfaced, asbestos, asphalt-saturated and coated, weigh ing notless than 45 lb. per roll of 108 sq. ft. Seams shall be lapped at least 2 in. against the weather; and when specified, shall be sealed with lap cement. The roofingfelt jacket shall then be secured in place with copper- clad steel wires, copper wires, or galvanized bands spaced on approximately 6-in. centers. (4) Pipes, valves, flanges, and fittings may be finished with asphaltic finish when specified. A If-in. coat of insulat ing or finishing cement shall be applied, and when the cement has thoroughly dried, 1-in. galvanized-wire net ting shall be stretched tightly over the surface and wired in place with No. 16-gage galvanized wire.1 As phaltic finish sha.ll then be applied, sufficiently thick (approximately K in. thick, wet) to provide a minimum dry thickness of % in., troweling it well into the wire netting. M O LD ED -TY PE P IP E IN SU LA TIO N 28. Preparation oj surjace. 28a. Piping, valves, and fittings to be insulated shall be tested for leaks and other defects, pipe hangers relocated as required, and all other preliminary operations completed before the insulation is applied. 29. Installation on pipes. 29a. Molded-type mineral wool pipe insulation of specified thick-. ness (see tables 2 and 3) shall be applied in sectional or segmental form, of single- or double-layer construction, as specified. At flanges, pipe insulation shall be spaced a sufficient distance from the flanges to permit easy removal of bolts when flanges are opened. (1) A djacent pieces of sectional pipe insulation shall be b u tted - closely together au d banded in place. (See fig. 22.) F igure 22. Application of mineral wool sectional pipe insulation, single-layer A , Bar pipe; B , sectional pipe insulation; C, canvas jacket'or other specified finish; D, m etal hands. Alineral Wool Insulation {High Temperatures) 25 (2) Segmental pipe insulation should be secured in place with separate loops of No. 10-gage galvanized wire, spaced on approximately 8-in. centers. Ends of wires shall bo bent over and pressed into the insulation, leaving no sharp projections. (See fig. 23.) F ig u r e 23. Application of mineral wool segmental pipe insulation. A , B ure pipe; B , seg m en tal pipe in sulation; C, N o. 16-gage g ah ainzed w ucs; D, in s u la tin g c em en t, w hen lcquired; E , canvas jacket or other specified finish, F, tnetal bands. (3) Double-layer pipe insulation, either in sectional or seg mental form, shall be applied with circumferential and longitudinal joints staggered, omitting the canvas jacket between layers. The first layer shall be wired in place with separate loops of wire spaced on approxi mately 8-in. centers. The second layer shall be applied snugly over the first layer and secured in place. (See % . 24). F in e h e 24. Applicaiion of mineral wool sectional pipe insulation, double-layer. A . B are pipe; B , first la y e r scorned w ith N o . 16-gage galvanized w ues; C, second la y e r a p p lie d w ith all joints staggered; D, canvas jacket or other specified finish; E , m etal bauds. 30. Installation on valves, ilanges, andfillings. 30u. Valves, flanges, and fittings shall he covered with insulating cement, block insulation, or molded-type pipe insulation, as specified. (1) Insulating cement shall be built up in %-in. coats to a thickness equal to the insulation on adjacent piping. (See par. 22a and fig. 21.) ' (2) Blocks }{ in. thick less than the insulation on adjacent piping shall be carefully fitted and wired securely in > place. A X-ui. coat of insulating cement shall then bo applied, troweling it well into the cracks between adja cent blocks. (See fig. 25.) 2G Commercial Standard 08117-1$ F ig u re 25. Application of mineral wool tdock insulation to large fittings. Pijx) insulation; B, block insulation; C, N o. Iti'gage ^ulvauizcd wires; I), insulating cem ent or other i>(>ecifled finish. (3) Molded-type pipe insulation may be used to insulate Hanged couplings. Kings of sectional pipe covering 1% to 2 in. wide should be wired in place on each side of the flange, selecting an insulation thickness that will provide an outside diameter equal to or greater than the flange diameter. A piece of sectional pipe insulation long enough to cover the flange then should be banded in place. (See fig. 26.) Mineral Wool Insulation (High Temperatures) 27 31. Application ojfinish located indoors. 31a. Molded-type pipe insulation located indoors and not exposed to moisture or abrasion shall be finished with a canvas jacket. (1) The factory-weight canvas jacket furnished shall be drawn tight and smoothly pasted down at all side and end laps. Factory bands shall be applied, one binding the adjacent ends and one at the eenter of each section. (2) W ien extra-weight canvas jacket is specified, the factoryweight canvas and bands (if furnished) shall be omitted. The pipe insulation shall be covered with a layer of flameproof paper, Xs-in. asbestos paper, or a X-in. coat of insulating or mushing cement. The specified 6- or 8-oz canvas jacket shall then be pasted or sewed neatly in place as specified. If sewed, stitches shall be spaced not more than )i in. apart, with seams located where least visible. 31b. Insulation on flanges, valves, and fittings located indoors or not exposed to moisture or abrasion shall be covered with a %-in. coat of insulating or finishing cement. Portland cement to a maximum of 25 percent dry weight may be added to this coat if a harder finish is desired. ' (1) When specified, a 0- or 8-oz canvas jacket, shall be sewed or pasted neatly over the dry cement. Sewed canvas jackets on valves, flanges, and fittings shall be made continuous with the canvas on adjacent pipe, when specified, by overlapping or blind stitching. If sewed, stitches shall be spaced not more than % in. apart and seams shall be placed where least visible. 32. Application ojfinish located outdoors. 32a. Molded-type pipe insulation and fittings located outdoors or exposed to moisture or abrasion shall be provided with a weatherproof protective finish in the same general manner as specified for blankettype pipe insulation. (See par. 27b.) GUIDES FOR PAINTING 33. When specified, insulation finishes shall be painted for identifica tion purposes in accordance with "Scheme for the Identification of Piping Systems," issued by the American Standards Association (A13-1928). 34. The application of paint should be deferred until the insulated equipment has been operated at the design temperature for a sufficient length of time thoroughly to dry out all components of the installation. 35. When weatherproof finishes of the emulsified-asphalt or roofingfelt types are to be painted, they should be primed with at least one coat of aluminum paint, before applying lead-in-oil paint. Asphaltbase paint may be used directly over the asphaltic finish when a black color is specified. 36. Canvas should be given at least one coat of glue size followed by two coats of lead-in-oil paint. 37. Galvanized metal is not ordinarily painted immediately following its application. If painting is required, it should be done in accordance with the manufacturer's directions. 28 Commercial Standard US117-49 38. Insulating cements ami finishing cements ordinarily dry to a light color, and may be painted with a nonpenetrating paint such as aluminum. MAINTENANCE 39. In order to maintain high thermal efficiency in conjunction with long insulation life, the following recommendations are made: (a) Inspect all insulation jobs periodically, particularly those located outdoors or exposed to moisture, vibration, or abrasion. (b) When equipment is moved, or if for other reasons the finish of the insulation is damaged or becomes loose, repair or replace it as required to prevent deterioration. (c) For advice on problems in connection with any specific insulation application, consult the manufacturer or the contractor who applied it. GUARANTEE LABELS AND CERTIFICATES 40. 'Manufacturer's labels.--In order that the purchaser may be assured of obtaining mineral wool insulation conforming to the require ments of this standard, it is recommended that products complying therewith bear a certificate, label, or imprint containing the following wording: This mineral wool product is guaranteed to conform to the require ments of Commercial Standard CS117-49, as developed by the trade under the proceume of the National Bureau of Standards, and issued by the United states Department of Commerce. N a m e of manufacturer 41. The following is an illustration of the label adopted by the members of the Industrial Mineral Wool Institute to assure distribu tors and users of receiving mineral wool insulation that conforms to the requirements of this commercial standard. THE MANUFACTURER CERTIFIES THIS M INERAL WOOL INSULATION CO NFO RM S TO COMMERCIAL STANDARD CS 1 1 7 -4 9 AS ISSUED BY NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS U. S. D E P A R T M E N T O F C O M M E R C E IN C O O P E R A T I O N W ITH T H E INDUSTRIAL MINERAL WOOL INSTITUTE N E W Y O R K , N.Y. MFRS. NO. COPYRIGHT 1949 BY T H E INDUSTRIAL MINERAL' WOOL INSTITUTE F i g u b e 27. Facsimile of Industrial M ineral Wool Institute label. Mineral Wool Insulation (High 2'emperatures) 29 42. Contractor's certificate.--It is recommended th at the installer or contractor furnish a certificate guaranteeing that the insulation is installed in accordance with this standard. The following wording is recommended for this certificate: T h i s ________________________ has been insulated with Class (type of equipment) ____________ Mineral )V o o i_______________ , installed in com itype) pliance wiLlt the recommended installation requirements of Com mercial Standard CS117-49, as developed by the trade under the procedure of the National Bureau of Standards, and issued by the United States Department of Commerce. D a t e ________________ (Com pany name) (A ddins) EFFECTIV E DATE 43. Having been passed through the regular procedure of the Commodity Standards Division, and approved by the acceptors hereinafter listed, this commercial standard was issued by the United States Department of Commerce, effective from June 1, 1949. E dw in W. E ly, Chief, Com m odity Standards Division. H ISTO RY OF PRO JECT On September 21, 1943, the Industrial Mineral Wool Institute requested the cooperation of the National Bureau of Standards in the establishment of a commercial standard for mineral wool insulation for heated industrial equipment. A draft of the proposed commercial standard was submitted on November 1, 1943, to technical, distribu tor and consumer organizations; Government agencies, and to manu facturers for their review and comment. On December 10, 1943, a meeting was held in Cleveland, Ohio, to review and consider all comments received. The standard was then adjusted in accordance with the composite recommendation of those concerned and circulated on January 7, 1944, to the trade for written acceptance. Following acceptance by a satisfactory majority, and in the absence of active opposition, an announcement was issued on April 25, 1944, that the standard had been accepted as a recorded voluntary standard of the trade, effective for new production from M ay 25, 1944. I t was issued as Commercial Standard CSl 17-44, Mineral Wool: Blankets, Blocks, Insulating Cement, and Pipe Insulation for Heated Industrial Eauinmeut. 30 Commercial Standard, 08117-^9 FIRST REVISION Od September 22, 1948, the Industrial Mineral Wool Institute sub mitted a proposed revision in which the major changes were the addi tion of requirements for loose, granulated, and felted forms of mineral wool, with nine new and two revised illustrations showing methods of fastening and application of the mineral wool to various types of sur faces. These changes having been approved by the standing com mittee, the recommended revision was circulated on March 1, 1949, to those directly concerned for consideration and acceptance. Approval of the revision was announced on May 2, 1949, the revised standard, designated CS117--49, Mineral Wool Insulation for Heated Industrial Equipment, to be effective for new production from June 1, 1949. STANDING C O M M ITTEE The following individuals comprise the membership of the standing committee, which is to review, prior to circulation for acceptance, revisions proposed to keep the standard abreast of progress. Com ment concerning the standard and suggestions for revision may be addressed to any member of the committee or to the Commodity Standards Division, National Bureau of Standards, which acts as secretary for the committee. H. E. L e w i s (chairman), The Eagle-Picher Sales Co., American Building, Cin cinnati 1, Ohio. C. A. Smucker, Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp., Newark, Ohio. E. A. F a i r l a m b , National Gypsum Co., Buffalo, N. Y. K. M. R i t c h i e , Baldwin-Hill Co., 500 Breunig Avenue, Trenton 2, N. J. H a r o i .d M. A b e r , The Aber Co., Inc., P. O. Box 212, Shreveport, La. Jon\' K e i l l v , The Reilly-Benton Co., Inc., 613 Hibernia Building, New Orleans 12, La. L. A. F o s t e r , L. A. Foster Co., 1519 North Broadway, St. Louis 6, Mo. F r e d e r i c k J. H e a s l i p , Fairbanks, Morse A Co., 600 S. Michigan Avenue, Chi cago, 111. (representing National Association of Purchasing Agents). H e n r y E. A l d r i c h , American Boiler & Affiliated Industries, 15 Park Row, New York 7, N. Y. It. J. P o t b u r y , Bureau of Yards and Docks, Department of the Navy, Washing ton 25, D. C. \ CSX17-49 ACCEPTANCE OF CO M M ERCIA L STANDARD ; I f acceptance has not previously been filed, this sheet properly filled in, signed, i * and returned w ill provide for the recordin g o f yo u r organization as an acceptor o f this commercial standard. Commodity Standards Division, National Bureau of Standards, Washington 25, D. C. D ate_______________________ Gentlemen: We believe that the Commercial Standard CSl 17-49 constitutes a useful standard of practice, and we individually plan to utilize it as far as practicable in the production 1 distribution 1 purchase 1 testing 1 of mineral wool insulation for heated industrial equipment. We reserve the right to depart from it as we deem advisable. We understand, of course, that only those articles which actually comply with the standard in all respects can be identified or labeled as conforming thereto. Signature of authorized officer_________________________________ (In ink) (C u t on th is line] (K indly typ ew rite or p rin t th e following lines) Name and title of above officer Organization________________________ (Fill m exactly as it should be listed) Street address City, zone, and State 1 Underscore which one. Please see th a t separate acceptances are filed for all subsidiary companies and afiUlates w hich should be listed separately as acceptors. In the case oi related interests, trade associations, trad e papers etc., desiring to record their general support th e words " Geuerol Support'* should be added after the signature. 31 TO TH E ACCEPTOR The following statements answer the usual questions arising in connection with (lie acceptance and its significance: 1. Enforcement.--Commercial standards are commodity specifica tions voluntarily established by mutual consent of these concerned. They present a common basis of understanding between the producer, distributor, and consumer and should not he confused with any plan of governmental regulation or control. The United States D epart ment of Commerce has no regulatory power in the enforcement of their provisions, but since they represent the will of the interested groups as a whole, their provisions through usage soon become estab lished as trade customs, and are made effective through incorporation into sales contracts by means of labels, invoices, and the like. 2. The acceptor's responsibility.--The purpose of commercial stand ards is to establish for specific commodities, nationally recognized grades or consumer criteria and the benefits therefrom will be measur able in direct proportion to their general recognition and actual use. Instances will occur when it may be necessary to deviate from the standard and the signing of an acceptance does not preclude such departures; however, such signature indicates an intention to follow the commercial standard where practicable, in the production, dis tribution, or consumption of the article in question. 3. The Department's responsibility.--The major function performed by the Department of Commerce in the voluntary establishment of commercial standards on a Nation-wide basis is fourfold: first, to act as an unbiased coordinator to bring all interested parties together for the mutually satisfactory adjustment of trade standards; second, to supply such assistance and advice as past experience with similar programs may suggest; third, to canvass and record the extent of acceptance and adherence to the standard on the part of producers, distributors, and users; and fourth, after acceptance to publish and promulgate the standard for the information and guidance of buyers and sellers of the commodity. 4. Announcement and promulgation.--When the standard has been endorsed by a satisfactory majority of production or consumption in the absence of active valid opposition, the success of the project is announced. If, however, in the opinion of the standing committee or the Department of Commerce, the support of any standard is inadequate, the right is reserved to withhold promulgation and publication. 32 csxiV-^ ACCEPTORS Tlie organizations and individuals listed below have individually accepted this standard for use as far as practicable in the production, distribution, or purchase of mineral wool insulation for heated industrial equipment. In accepting the standard they reserved the right to depart therefrom as they individually deem advisable. It is expected that articles which actually comply with the require ments of this standard in all respects will be regularly identified or labeled as conforming thereto, and that purchasers will require such specific evidence of conformity. ASSOCI VTIoN'S (General Support) American Society of Sanitary Eram eering, McKees port, Pa. Industrial M ineral Wool Institute, New York, N Y. N ational Cooperative Refinery Association, The, M cPherson, Kans. FIRM S AND O TH ER IN TER ESTS A ccurate Insulation Co., Los Angeles, Calil. Adam s, Fraukliu O., T am pa, Fla. Allen, George W .TLaPorte, hid. A m erican C ry stal Sugar C o., D enver, Colo. A m erican E nka Corp., E uka. N. C. A m erican Potash A Chem ical Corp., Trona, Calif. A m erican R ock W ool C orp.. Chicago, 111. A m erican Steel Foundries, C hicago, 111. American Thread Co., New York, N. Y. Anaconda C opper M ining Co., B utte, M ont. A ndrew s, Jones, Biscoe A G oodell, Boston, M iss Ansco, Division oi General Amline A Film Corp., Biugh&mton, N . Y. A shland Oil A Refining Co., Ashland, K y. A tlantic C ity Electric Co., A tlantic C ity, N . J. A ustin, C ity of, A ustin, Tex. Baldwin-HUl Co., T reuton, N . J. B ayou State Oil Corp., H osston, La. Beech-nut Packing Co., C anajohaiie, N . Y. Beile Alkali Co,, Belle, W . Va. Belli, E d o J ., Chicago, 111. Belli Co., Inc., T renton, N J. Bellm an, G iliett A R ichards, Toledo, Ohio. Berger, F. E .--R . L. Kelley A Associates, Cham paign, 111. B ethlehem Steel Co., B ethlehem , Pa. Beuttler, W . M ., Sioux C ity, Iowa. Biekford, R obert T urner, Elm ira, N. Y. Bishop, H oratio W ., La M esa, Calif. (General support.) Boehm, George A., N ew Y ork, N . Y. Bovard, W illiam R ., K ansas C ity, Mo. (General support.) Broofcs-Borg, Des M oines, Iowa. Brown A Bigelow, St Paul, M inn. Brown Co., Berlin, N . H. Brust A B rust, M ilw aukee, Wis. Cam let, J. Thom as, Passaic. N. J. Cannon A M ullen, Salt Lake City, Utah C arey, Philip, M anufacturing Co., The, Cincinnati, Ohio. C arney Co., Iuc., T he, M ankato, M inn. C arver, George 1 \, Engineering C o., Boston, Mo*s. C entral of Georgia Railw ay Co., Savannah, Ga. Cities Service Oil Co., Now York, N . Y. Coates, H enry T., A Associates, New York, N . Y. C otleyville, C ity of. M u n icip al L ight A Pow er D epartm ent, Uofleyville, K ans. Colorado Insulating Co., D enver, Colo. ' ' !! i I M h u ra l W ool Co., Chicago. 111. <' Mi'.o-l Looks P apei Co , C om bined Locks, W is. .. Itu-dion Engineering-Superheater, Inc., N ew V >rk. N . Y Conn.-aieut Light A Pow er Co , T he, W uterbury, Conn Connecticut Power C o , The, New London, Conn. Conrad A Cummings, Bingham ton, N . Y. Ct'olnlge, Sheplcy, B ullincli A A b b o tt, Boston, M v,. C rn P io d u its Refining Co , Chicago, 111. Cordon. G A \V. II., In c , P ly m o u th M eeting, Pa. C..\e Stoker Engineering Co., Hazleton, Pa. (Yam A Ferguson, Boston, Maos, C rane Co.. Chicago, 111. Crang Iniiistrics L td .. T oronto, O ntaiio, C anada. Crowell A Lancaster, Bangor, M aine. Dallas, CuV of, V\fa te r W orks A Sewage D isposal, Dallas, Tex. Dallas Power A L ight Co., D allas, Tex. D augherty R efinery, D ivision of L. Sonneborn Sons, Inc , PetroKa, Pa. Day & Xirmneriuann, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa. D i; ton Power A Light Co., T he, D a>tcn, Ohio. Deere A Co., M oline, 111. DeJaj netle, Charles W ., Des Moines, Iowa. (G en eral support.) D etrick, M . II., Co., A urora, III. Detroit Edison Co., T he, D etroit, M ich, D etroit S ulphite P u lp A Papci Co., D etroit, M ich, Die tel, G. J., Buffalo, N . Y. Dow Chemical Co., M idland, M ich. D unlop Tiro A R u b b e r C orp., BufTalo, N . Y. Eagle-Picher Sales Co., T he, C incinnati, Ohio. Eiektrokeinisk, A. S., New Y ork N. Y. E nglish, M iller Sc H o c k ctt, H u tch in so n , K ans. Everett, H. F., A Associates, Allentow n, Pa. F a irb in k s, M o rse Sc C o., C hicago, III. Federal Building M aterial Co., Tulsa, Okla. Federal P o rtla n d C em en t Co., ln e ., T h e , BufTalo, N. Y. Feltrok Insulation M anufacturing Co., Tacom a, W ash. F e tre r Sc F etzcr, Salt L a k e C ity , U ta h . Firestone T ire A R u b b er Co., T he, Akron, Ohio. Flamiagau, E ric G ., Henderson, N. O. F o rty -E ig h t In su la tio n s, In c., A urora, 111. Foster, L. A.. Co., St. Louis, Mo. Frazier-Simplex, Inc., W ashington, Pa. Fuel Econom y Engineering Co., St. Paul, M inn. Globe-W ernickc Co., T he, N orwood, Ohio. Corm an-Lavelle P lum bing A H eating Co., The, Cleveland, Ohio. G r.m d Islan d , C ity of, W a te r A L ig h t D e p artm e n t, G iand Island, N ebr G reat W estern Sugar Co., T h e, D enver, Colo. Greenwood Electric Light A W ater P lant, G reen wood, Miss, Gulf States P aper Corp., Tuscaloosa, Ala. Gypsum Lime A Alabastlne, C anada, Ltd., Toronto, Canada. 33 34 Commercial Standard CS117-49 Hahn, Stanley W., Detroit, Mich. Hannaford. Samuel. A Sons. C incinnati, Ohio. Haralson & M ott, Fort Sm ith, Ark. Ilelfcnstellar, IIir>ch A W atson, St. Louis, Mo. Hersbey Chocolate Corp., Hershey, Pa. Higgins, Charles II., New York, N . Y . IIoeppner-Dartlett Co., E au Claire, Wis llohues Foundry Co , L td , Sarnia, Ontario, Canada. Hooker Electrochemical Co., N iagara Falls, N. Y Hope, Frank L., San Diego, Calif. Hughes Tool Co., H ouston, Tex. Imperial Tobacco C o , Ltd., The, Richm ond, Ya. Inland Paper Board Division, Federal Paper Board Co , Inc., Versailles, Conn. Insulating Products Co., A urora, 111. Insulation Products Ltd., H am ilton, Ontario, Canada. Interlaken M ills, Fiskevillc, K. I. International Shoo Co., St. Louis, M o. Ivey, Edwin J., Inc., Seattle, Wash. Jonline, Bernard E., Sum m it, N. J. Jersey C entral Power A Light Co., Long Branch, N. J. Jones A Laughlm Steel Corp., P ittsb u rg h , Pa. Kansas C ity Star Co., Flam beau P ap er Divi>lon, P ark Falls, Wi>. Kansas State College, D e p artm e n t of A rchitecture, M anhattan, Kans. (General s u p p o rt) K eystone Steel A W ire Co., Pooria, 111. Latenser, John. A Sons, Omaha, N cbr. Law, Law, Potter A N ystrom , M adison, Wis. Levine, Ernest, New Brunswick, N . J. Levy, Will, St. Louis, Mo. Lockhart Pow er Co., Lockhart, S. C. Logansport, C ity of, Logansport, In d . M agma Copper Co., Superior, Ariz. Magnolia Petroleum Co., Beaum ont. Tex. M ann A Co., H utchinson, Kans. M arathon Corp., Rothschild, Wis. Materiales Aislantes, 9. A., M onterrey, N . L , Mexico Merrill, Simms A Rochrig, H onolulu, O ahu, T . H. MiUer A V rydagh, Terre H aute, In d . M ilwaukee Solvay Coke C o., M ilw aukee, V is. Mooser, William, San Francisco, Calif. Morell, N. L , Bethlehem, Pa. M orton Salt Co., M anistee, M ich. Mueller. Hair A H etterich, H am ilton, Ohio. M uhlenberg Bros., Reading, Pa. N ational G ypsum Co., Buffalo, N . Y . National Rock Wool Salts, Inc., Lagro, Iud Nazareth Cem ent Co., N azareth, Pa. Nelson, Albert L., St. Louis, Mo. Newton Falls Paper M ill, In c .N e w to n Falls, N Y. Northwestern Public Service Co., H uron, S. Dak. Oklahoma, U niversity of, N orm an, Okla. Oneida, Ltd., Oneida, N . Y. Overbagh, H. Malcolm, Hollis, N . Y. Owens-Coming Fiberglas Corp., Toledo, Ohio. Pasadena M unicipal Light A Power D epartm ent, Pasadena, Calif. Pennsylvania In stitu tio n for D efective D elinquents, Huntingdon, Pa. Pennsylvania Salt M anufacturing Co. of W ashing ton, Tacoma, Wash. Pepper, George W., Jr., Philadelphia, Pa. Pepsi-Cola Co., New York, N . Y. Perfect Seal Rock Wool M anufacturing Co., W al worth, Wis. Phelps A Dewees A Simmons, San Antonio, Tex. Philadelphia, C ity of, B ureau of W ater, D e p artm e n t of Publie Works, Philadelphia, Pa. PUbbury Mills, Inc., M inneapolis, M inu. Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co., Barberton, Ohio. Poe, C. W, Co., T he, C leveland, Ohio. Port Huron Sulphite A Paper Co.. P ort Huron, M ich. Post Power Supply Co , Appleton, Wis. Puhlic Service Co., of N ew H am p sh ire, M an ch es ter, N. H. Rosnikoff, Abraham, New York, N . Y . Revere Sugar Refinery, Charlestown, M ass. Rhinelander Paper Co., R hinelander, W is. Ritchie, Jam es H ., A Associates, B oston, M ass. R iverton Lime A Stone Co., Inc., R iverton, Va Robert A Co. Associates, Inc., A tlanta, Ga. Rohm A H aas Co,, Philadelphia, Pa. R osenblatt A K ersn m, Inc., C harleston, V . Vn. Russell, Crowell, M ullgardt A Schwarz, St. Louis, Mo. Saint Croix Paper Co , W oodland, Maine. Salem LUno A Stone Co , Salem, Ind. Schaeffler, Joseph C , New Rochelle, N . Y. Seaitite Insulation M anufacturing Corp., W aukesha, W is. Seattle, C ity of, D e p artm e n t of Lighting, Seattle, W ash. Servel, Inc., Evansville, Ind. Shell Oil Co., Inc., New York, N . Y. Shutzc A Arm istead, A tlanta, Ga. Sleeper, H arold R ., New York, N. Y. Sm ith, H inchm an A Grylis, Inc., Detroit, M ich. S outh C arolina Pow er Co., C harleston, S. C. S o u th ern C olorado Pow er Co., Pueblo, Colo. S outhw estern Gas A Electric Co., Shreveport, La. Spreckels Sugar Co , San Francisco, Calif. Spuu Rock Wools, L td., Thorold, Ontario, C anada. Standard B rands, Inc , New York, N . Y. Slaub A Rather, Houston, Tex. Stetson, Jo h n B., Co., Phil idelphia, Pa. Stoctzel, R alp h , Chicago, 111. T am pa Electric Co., Tam pa, Fla. Taylor, E llery K irke, H.uhlonfiold, N . J. Taylor, E llis W ing, Los Angelos, Calif. Temple, Seth J., A A rthur, Davenport, Iowa. Texas Technological College, D epartm ent of A rchi tecture, Lubbock, Tex. (General support.) Tex-Rock Insulation M anufacturing Co., T em ple, Tex. Thorne, H enry Caldcr, Ithaca, N. Y. Tidrnarsh Engineering Co t Tucson, Ariz. Tobin Packing Co., Albany, N. Y. Toledo, C ity of, Division of Water, Toledo, Ohio. U nited Insulating Co., L ittle Rock, Ark. U nited States M ineral Wool Co., South M ilwaukee, W is., and Stanhope, N. J. U nited S tates Hock Wool Co., Salt Lake C ity, U tah . Virginia, C ity of, W ater a n d Light D epartm ent, V ir ginia, M inn. Virginian Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, Va. (General support.) Virginia R ailw ay Co , The, Princeton, W. Va. Vogel, W illis A., Toledo, Ohio. Walsh, Louis A., W aterbury, Conn. W atervliet Paper Co , W atervliet, Mich. Welch, Carrol E., H untington, N. Y. W est, A lbert E., Boston, Mass. W est Texas U tilities Co., Abilene, T er. W estern Electric Co., New York, N. Y. W hite, J. G ., Engineering Corp., The, New York, N. Y. W hittenton M anufacturing Co., Inc., T aunton, M oss. W ickes Boiler Co., The, Saginaw, M ich. W ight A W ight, Kansas City, Mo. W lgtou-A bbott Corp., Plainfield, N. J. W ilhur-Suchard Chocolate Co., Inc., Lititz, Pa. W iliatsen, Andrew, Seattle, Wash. W illiam s, C oile A B lan ch ard, New p o rt N ew s, Va. Willson, Fred F., Bozeman, M ont. Wilson, Adrian, Los Angeles, Calif. W ilson, T o w n of, Inc., YVilson, N . C . Wolff A M unier, Inc , N ew York, N . Y . W oolsulatc. Inc , Salt Lake City, Utah. W right A W right, D etroit, Mich. (General support.) W yandotte Chemicals Corp., W yandotte, M ich. Zim m erm an, A. C., Los Angeles, Calif. U. S. G O V E R N M E N T A griculture, U nited States D epartm ent of, D ivision of Purchase, Sales and Traffic W ashington, D. C. A rm y, D epartm ent of the, W ashington, 1). C. Federal W orks Agency, Public Buildings Adminis tration, W ashington, D . C. (Generalsupport.) In terio r D e p a rtm e n t, Office of Indian Affairs, W ash ington, D . C. Justice D epartm ent, Bureau of Prisons, W ashington, D. O. N avy. D epartm ent of the, Bureau of Y ards and D o c k s . W ashington, 1). C. United States C apitol Power Plant, W ashington. D . O. COM M ERCIAL STANDARDS CS No. Item CS No. Item 0- 40. C om m ercial stan d ard s a n d th eir value to51- 35. M ark in g articles m ade of silver in com bina 1 business (third edition). - 42 C linical therm om eters (th ird edition). 2- 30. M opsticks. tion w ith gold. 52- 35. M ohair pile fabrics (100-percent m ohair plain v elvet, lu>-percent m ohair plain frieze, a n d 3- 40. S to d d ard solvent (th ird edition). 50-percent mohair plain frieze). 4- 29. S tap le poreclain (all-clay) plu m b in g fixtures5. 3- 35. Colors an d finishes for cast stone. 5- 46. P ip e nipples, brass, copper, steel, and w rough5t4- 35 M attiesses for hospitals. iron (second edition). 55- 35. M attiesses for in stitutions. 6- 31. W rought-iron pipe nipples (second ed itio n )5. 6- 19 O ak flooring (th ird edition). Superseded by CS5-46 57- 40. Book cloths, buckram s, an d im pregnated 7- 29. S ta n d a rd w eight m alleable iron or steel fahiu'. for bookbinding purposes except screwed unions. lm: r} bindings (second edition). 8- 41. Gage blanks (th ird edition). 58- 36. \ \ o \e n . \istic fabrics foruse in overalls.(over 9- 33. B uilders' tem plate h ardw are (second ed itio n ). all cl i>iio w e b b i n g ) . 10- 29. Brass pipe nippies. Superseded by CS5-40. 59- 44. T exilic'-- testing and reporting (fourth 11- 41. M oisture regains of cotton y arns (second ed.t.Oii). edition). 60- 48. H ardw ood dim ension lum ber (second edl- 12- 48. F u el oils (sixth edition). Uou) 1314- 44. D ress p attern s (fourth edition). 43. B oys' button-on w aists, shirts, junior and 61- 37. W ood-slat V e n e t i a n blinds. sp o rt sh irts (m ade from woven fabrics) 62- 38. Colois for kitchen accessories (third edition). 63- 38. Colors lor bathroom accessories. 15- 46. M en 's pajam a sires (m ade from woven fab64- 37. W aln u t veneers. rics) (third edition). 65- 43. Method-* of analysis a n d of reporting fiber 16- 29. W all paper. eo.npoiition of textile products (second 17- 47. D iam o n d core drill fittings (fourth e d itio n ). ed itio n 1). 18- 29. H ick o ry golf shafts. 66- 38. M ark in g of articles m ade w holly or in p a rt of 19- 32. F o u n d ry p a tte rn s of wood (second edition). platinum . 20- 47. S tap le vitreous clupa plum bing fixtures67- 38. M ark in g articles m ade of k a ra t gold. (fourth edition). 68- 38. L iquid hypochlorite disinfectant, deodorant, 21- 39. Interchangeable ground-glass joints, sto p and germicide. cocks, and stoppers (fourth edition). 69- 38. P in e oil disinfectant. 22- 40. B u ild ers' hardw are (nontem plato) (second 70- 41. Phenolic d isinfectant (em ulsifying type) edition). (second edition) (published w ith CS7I-41). 23- 30. Feldspar. 24- 43. Screw threads an d tap-drill sizes. 71- 4t. Phenolic disinfectant (soluble type) (second edition) (published w ith CS70-41). 25- 30. Special screw threads. CS24-43. Superseded by 72- 38. H ousehold insecticide (liquid spray ty p e ). 73- 48. Old grow th D ouglas fir, S itka spruce, and 26- 30. A rom atic red cedar closet lining. W estern hemlock standard stock doors 27- 36. M irro rs (second edition). (fourth edition). 28- 46. C o tto n fahric te n ts, ta rp a u lin s a n d covers 74- 39. Solid hardw ood w all paneling. (second edition). 75- 12. A u to m atic m echanical d raft oil b u rn e rs 29- 31. S tap le seats for w ater-closet bowls. designed for domestic installations (second 30- 31. Colors for san itary w are. (W ith d raw n as edition). com m ercial stan d a rd , M arch 15, 1948.) 76- 39. H ardw ood interior trim a n d m olding. 31- 38. W ood shingles (fourth edition). 77-48. E n am eled cast-iron p lum bing fixtures 32- 31. C o tto n cloth for ru b b e r a n d pyroxylin coating. (second edition). 33- 43. K n it u n d erw ear (exclusive of rayon) (second 78- 40. G round-and-polished lenses for su n glasses edition). (second edition) (published w ith CS79-40). 34- 31. Bag, case, an d s tra p leather. 79- 40. Blow n, draw n, an d dropped lenses for sun 35- 47. H ard w o o d plyw ood (th ird edition). glasses (second edition) (published w ith 36- 33. F o u id rin ie r wire cloth (second ed itio n ). CS76-4U). 37- 31. Steel bone plates an d screws. 38- 32. H ospital ru b b e r sheeting. 80- 41. E lectric direction signal system s other th a n 39- 37. W ool an d p a rt wool b la n k e ts (second e d itio n ). sem aphore type for commercial and other (W ithdraw n as commercial standard, Ju ly vehicles subject to special m otor vehicle 14, 1941.) laws (afterm arket). 40- 32. Surgeons' ru b b er gloves. 81- 41. A dverse-w eather lam ps for vehicles (after 41- 32. Surgeons' latex gloves. m arket). 42- 43. S tru ctu ra l fiber in su latin g board (th ird edi8 2 - 41. Inner-controiled spotkm ips for vehiclos (after tion). m arket}. 43- 32. G rad in g of sulphonated oils. 83- 41. C learance, m arker, a n d identification lam ps 44- 32. A pple wraps. for vehicles (after m arket). 45- 48. D ouglas fir plyw ood (eighth edition). 84- 41. E lectric ta il iam ps for vehicles (after m a rk e t). 46- 49. H osiery lengths and sizes (fourth edition). 85- 41. E lectric license-plate lam ps for vehicles (after 47- 34. M a rk in g of gold-filled an d rolled-gold-plate m arket). articles other than watchcases. 86- 11. E lectric sto p lam ps for vehicles (after m ar 46-40. D o m estic burners for P ennsylvania a n th ra ket). cite (underfeed type) (second edition). 87- 41. R ed electric w arning lan tern s. 49- 34. C h ip b o ard , la m in ated chip board, an d m is88- 41. L iq u id burning flares. cellaneous boards for bookbinding purposes. 89- 40. H ardw ood stair treads a n d risers. 50- 34. B in d e rs b o a rd for bookbinding an d other 90- . (R eserved for pow er shovels a n d cranes). purposes. 91- 41. F acto ry -fitted D ouglas fir en trance doors. 35 36 Commercial Standard OS117-43 CS No. Item CS No. Item 92-41, C edar, cypress, an d redwood tank stock 126- 45. T a n k m ounted air compressors. lu m b er. 127- 45. Self-contained mechanically rofrigorated 53- 41. Portabio electric drills (exclusive of high drinking w ater coolers. frequency). 54- 41. C alking lead. 95-- 41. Load pipo. 128- 45, M en's sport shirt sizes--woven fabrics (other ' th an those m arked with regular neckband sizes). 96-- 41. Lead trap s and bends. 129- 47. M aterials for safoty wearing apparoi (second 57-42. Electric su p p lem en tary driving and passing edition). lamps for vehicles (after m arket). 130- 46. Color m aterials for a rt education In schools. 9842. A rtists' oil paints. 131- 46. In dustrial mineral wool products, all types-- 05-42. Has door furnaces--grav ity circulating typo. testing aiul reporting. 10047. l 'orrolam-criaincled ^ ste c l utensils (third 132- 46. H ardw are cloth. edition). 133- 46. W oven wire netting 301-43. Fine-connected oil-burning space heaters 13440. C ast alum inum cooking utensils (metal com equippi d wiLh vaporizing pot-t> po burners. position). 102- . (R eserved for l>!csel au d fuel-oil eugmc.s). 135- 46. M on's sh irt sizes (exclusive of work shirts). 103- 48. R ayon j.tcquaid \c lo u r (w ith or w ithou1t 36- 46. B lankets for hospitals (wool, and wool and other decorative yarn) (second edition). cotton). 104- 49. W arra-air furnaces equipped w ith vaporizing137- 46. Size m easurem ents for m en's and boys' shorts ty p e oil burners (third edition). (woven fabrics'). 10548. M ineral wool insulation for low tem peratures 138- 47. Insect wire scrooning. (second edition). 139- 47. W ork gloves. 106- 44. B oys' pajam a sizes (woven fabrics) (second14947. T esting and rating convectors. edition). 14147. Sine bars, blocks, plates, and fixtures. 107- 45. Commercial eloctric-rofrlgeratlon condensing14247. A utom otive lifts. u n its (second edition). (W ith draw n as 14347. S tandard strength and extra strength p er commercial stan d ard Septem ber 4, 1947). forated clay pipe. 108- 43. Treading autom obilo an d truck tires. 14447. Form ed metal porcelain enameled sanitary 109- 44. Sohd-fuel-burning forced-air furnaces. ware. 110- 43. T ire repairs-- vulcanized (passenger, truck,14547. T esting and rating hand-fired hot-wator* and bus tires). supply boilers. 111- 43. E arth en w are (vitreous-glazed) plum bing14647. Gowns for hospital patients. fixtures. 14747. Colors for molded urea plastics. 112- 43. Homogeneous fiber w allboard. 14848. M en's circular fiat and rib knit rayon un 113- 44. O il-burning floor furnaces equipped w ith derwear. vaporizing pot-type burners. 14948. U tility ty p e house dress sizes. 114- 43. H ospital sheeting for ih attress protection. 16048. H ot-roliea rail steel bars (produced from 115- 44. Porcelain-enameled tan k s for dom estic use. T-section rails). * 116- 44. B iturainized-flber drain an d sewer pipe. 15148. B ody m easurem ents for the su in g of apparel 117- 49. M ineral wool insulation for heated industrial for Infants, babies, toddlers, and children equipm ent (second edition). (for the knit-underw ear Industry). 118- 44. M arking of jewelry and novelties of silver. 15248. C opper nuphthenate wood-preservative. (E) 119-45.1 D ial indicators (for linear m easure 15348. B ody m easurem ents for the sizing of apparel ments). for girls (for the knit-underw ear in dustry). 154- . (Reserved for wiro rope.) 120- 48. S tan d ard stock pondorosa pine doors (third155- 40. B ody m easurem ents for tho sizing of apparel edition). for boys (for th e knit-underw ear in dustry). 121- 45. W om en's slip sizes (woven fabrics). 15640. Colors for polystyrene plastics. 122- 45. W estern hemlock plywood, 15749. Ponderosa pine and sugar pine plywood, 123- 49. G rading of diamond pow der (secoud edition).15849. M odel forms for girls'apparel. (E) 124-45.1 M aster disks. 159-49. Sun-giass lenses m ado of ground a n d polished 125-47. Prefabricated homes (second oditlon). pinto gloss, thoroaftor tnerm nliy curved. 1Where " (E )" precedes the CS num ber, it indicates an emergency commercial standard, drafted under war conditions w ith a viow tow ard early revision. N o t i c e .--Those interested in commercial standards with a view toward accept ing them as a basis of everyday practice may secure copies of the above standards, while the supply lasts, by addressing the National Bureau of Standards, Wash ington 25, D. C. U S . GOVERNMCNT M t M T I N O FF I C Ci 1 * 4 9