Document KRXeE5GEGkX3Rp3xJDDeLgOVx

Inter Office 2 5412 r;.!HIM /VV WeA Peraonnel and Organization Staff June 10, 1980 To: D. L. Block, M.D. H. E. Budesky D. A. Gray N. S. Green D. C. Laderaoh, M.D. L. K Lee S. S. Mingela R. Mudloff R. M. Quarles J. M. Spencer P. E. Toth R. L. Wabeke Subject: Employe Respirator Training Program For sometime now there has been interest in developing a respirator training program for employes to meet OSHA requirements for use throughout the Company. The attached document represents the progress made to date on this project, and is only a suggested working draft to serve as the basis for discussion of this activity. On Friday, June 20 at 9:00 a.m. in the Conference Room, Suite 900, Parklane Towers West,' there will be a meeting to determine the future direction of this program. ' At that time the following items will be discussed: . Advisability of project . Costs: videotape or slide-tape cassette . Sharing of costs between corporate budget and divisions . Training issues - status of current training activities - supervisor training needs .. - training materials needed I hope it will be possible for you to attend this meeting. If you have any questions or comments, please call me at 32-27492. Attachment Beverly G. Ware 8004 1201 SCF-FORD-2023 Proposed Content For Employe Respirator Training (Air Purifying Respirators) DRAFT Slide: Respirator Training Program Wearing of respirators in several settings Illustrate the types of conditions Appropriate illustration (Slide: Respirator use) Appropriate example (spillage) Appropriate example (maintenance) Appropriate example (paint sprayer) Show respirator illustrate 2 types Slide for emphasis Introduction: The program you are about to see will explain the Company respirator program that has been developed to meet OSHA regulations and previously established guidelines. The Company as well as employes have responsibilities to assure that respirators are used properly. Purpose of Respirators: A respirator is an enclosure that covers the nose and mouth or the entire face or head. Respirators are devices designed to provide you the wearer with protection against inhalation of airborne material or contaminants in the atmosphere which may be harmful to your health. Protection is achieved by re moving the contaminant from the air before it is inhaled or by mechanically supplying contaminant-free air to the res pirator . A contaminant may be a gas, such as chlorine; a vapor such as solvent vapor; a dust such as Bilica; a fume such as welding fume; smoke such as oil smoke; fibers such as asbestos; oil mist or paint overspray. Sometimes respirators are provided because of nuisance odors. Respirator use: Respirators are always used in emergency situations such as spills or fires. They are often employed as an interim measure until such time as engineering controls and work practices can be implemented to limit exposure to an existing hazard that is present. They are also worn when maintenance or repairs are being under taken. Under these conditions the possibility of an accident happening does exist. The wearing of protective equipment pre vents exposure to potentially harmful substances. Respirators may be required under certain conditions of work or in specific processes where engineering controls are not feasible. Respirator Types: There are two general types of respirators, air purifying and atmosphere-supplying, also known as air supplied. Air purifying respirators do not supply oxygen. They are spe cific for certain contaminants and for certain concentrations and therefore must not be used in an atmosphere in which there is a lack of oxygen. When an oxygen deficiency is suspected, existing procedures for testing the amount of oxygen in the 8004 1202 -2- Slides/ Respirators being worn show types atmosphere and the selection of appropriate respiratory equip ment should be carried out. Air supplied respirators are often used under this condition. Air supplied respirators provide air from a source independent of the surrounding atmosphere. One type is a self-contained ' breathing apparatus. Others are of an airline design featuring compressed air delivered through a high pressure hose or hand or motor operated air blower. 8004 1203 show survey show types show breathing show respiratory inlet show filters show cartridges -3- Respirator Selection The use and selection of a specific respirator is based on the information gained from a comprehensive industrial hy giene survey. This survey may include sampling of the at mosphere and monitoring of the exposure or estimating risks to health during an emergency (i.e., a fire). From this survey, the risk to employe health is determined in order to assure the selection of the proper respirator. Re commendations for respirator use are given to the plant based on survey results and consistent with Federal and State occupational health regulations. Each plant selects the approved respirators from a list provided by Industrial Hygiene. All respirators used in the Company are approved by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). There are two main functions of air-purifying respirators; particulate-removing and vapor and gas-removing. It is possible to have a respirator in which the two functions are combined. . Most air-purifying respirators are negative pressure re spirators, that means air is not supplied. As the wearer inhales, a partial vacuum is created within the respirator which causes air to pass through the filters to fill this void. Using this type of respirator requires effort to overcome the resistance of the filters. Some air purifying . respirators use a blower to pass contaminated air through an element to remove contaminants and then to supply the purified air to a respiratory inlet which may be a face piece, helmet or hood. The advantage of this equipment is that there is a constant air flow. There are two basic purposes for air purification: 1. Particulate-removal - these respirators prevent dust, smoke, fume, fibers and mists from enter ing the facepiece by trapping them into the filter. 2. Vapor and gas-removal - these respirators use chemical cartridges or canisters to trap gas and vapor. show variety Particulate-Removing Respirators There is a wide variety of these respirators. All of them use a filter as the element to remove airborne particles, such as dust, fibers, smoke, fume, mists, or aerosol mixtures. show masks One type of respirator used in several Company locations is the disposable mask which is used for removal o dusts and fibers. 8004 1204 Shov Example Shov Variety Show Chart Know your color Read your label Show Color Canisters, Cartridge Demonstrate Situation -4- Another type of particulate-removing respirator is one with a disposable filter. This kind of respirator must be selected to match the particular situation in which the respirator is to be used. Vapor and gas-removing Respirators these respirators use a cartridge or canister as the element to trap vapors or gaseB. They contain an absorbing material whioh has an affinity for the con taminant, thus colleoting the contaminant as it passes through the cartridge or canister. Activated charcoal is commonly used. Canister respirators may be chin, front, or back mounted. Since vapor and gas-removing cartridges and canisters are designed for protection against specific problems, a color code for the various types has been established. The color identifies the contaminant the cartridge canister is designed to protect against. Knowing the colors and always reading the label are important measures for cor rect respirator use. Atmospheric contaminants to be protected against Acid gases.............................. Color assigned White Chlorine gas.......................... White with -J- inch yellow strip completely around the canister near the bottom Organic vapors....................... Black Ammonia gas............................ Green Acid gases & organic vapors Particulates (dusts, fumes, mists, fogs, or smokes) in combination with any of the above gases or vapors.......... Yellow Canister color for contaminant, as designated above with inch gray stripe completely around the canister near the top. All of the above atmospheric contaminants.......................... Red with inch gray stripe com pletely around the canister near top. Vapor and gas-removing cartridge or canister respirators have limited capacities. They should not be used for dusts, fibers or mists. If the wearer detects an odor or taste, or feels eye or throat irritation, he must leave the area immediately and change the cartridge or canister. 8004 1205 Shov Combination Types Paint Sprayer Full Face Piece Fully Equipped Employe -5- Combination Respirators There are respirators that will protect against particulates and vapors and gases at the same time. These look like the cartridge or canister type alone. A typical example is the cartridge worn by paint sprayers. Protection is achieved by the independent components of the respirator, one for gas, and one for particulates, together. The color code for cartridges and canisters applies to these respirators. Remember, these respirators may not be used in atmospheres where there is a lack of oxygen. Full-face air purifying respirators are available and used when indicated. Other protection such as safety goggles, helmets, gloves and overalls may be required. 8004 1206 Show Assignment Show Conditions demonstration Show demonstration Show Example -6- Fitting Employes who must use a respirator usually will be assigned their own respirator. lour plant physician will approve the wearing of a respirator in all cases. Air-purifying respirators are tightly fitted to the face to assure a good seal to the face. With this type of respirator, where a pressure difference exists inside the facepiece, a tight fit is essential to assure that contaminants don't come in through the cracks. A poor fit to the skin can be caused by: . frames on glasses . moustaches . beards side burns , individual facial structure There are two kinds of tests that are required and necessary for proper respirator fit: . qualitative fit . quantitative fit . Qualitative face fit tests Usually, these tests are fast and they rely on the wearer's ability to judge the fit. Qualitative fit tests include two basic approaches. The first, a positive-negative pressure test, should be used every time the respirator is put on. This test involves covering the exhalation valve with the hand and blowing into the respirator. The respirator should develop a pressure inside the mask which only slowly leaks out if the fit is proper. Next, the cartridge or cartridges are covered and the wearer breathes in. A vacuum should be created inside the mask if the fit is proper and the respirator should collapse around the face. The second approach involves the use of banana oil. When the respirator is properly worn, the wearer will not be able to smell the banana oil. There are specific procedures for these and other qualitative tests available through Industrial Hygiene Services. These approaches oannot be used with single use, disposable respirators. 8004 1207 ihow Test -7- Quantitative fit testa All quantitative tests involve placing the wearer in an atmosphere containing an easily monitored gas, vapor or aerosol and taking samples of air inside the respirator to compare the outside.contaminant concentration with that in the respirator. This kind of test will be conducted in those cases where OSHA Standards require its use, or occupational or employe exposure warrants such testing. Employes who have not worn respirators in the past, or who have a change in respirator used, will be required to have a training session, fitting and time to get accustomed to the wearing of the respirator prior to use in the con taminated area. 8004 1208 slides Respirator Care cleaning inspection storage slide: cleaning slide: inspection show checking show giving to repair slide: storage show storing show disposable respirator show procedure for malfunction -8- Respirator Care Respirators need care. Wearing a defective device does not give you the protection you need. Respirator maintenance is essential to ensure the proper functioning of your equip ment. An adequate maintenance program consists of correct cleaning, daily inspection, and safe storage. For respiratprs that are assigned, cleaning must be done daily at the end of the shift. The general procedure for cleaning is to remove the cartridge canister and wash the facepiece in mild soapy water and rinse thoroughly. Air dry in a clean noncontaminated place. The most important act you perform in maintaining a func tioning respirator is the daily inspection. You should inspect it carefully every day by checking for... . tears or rips in the facepiece . broken or missing straps . properly functioning exhalation valve (exhalation seats properly) . no missing parts . correct cartridge, canister or filter . any deterioration of respirator, such as worn parts, cracks, damage Take any respirator needing repair to the place or person that has been assigned to repair this equipment in your area. Tour respirator must be stored under conditions which will protect it from contamination. Be sure that it is placed in a closed container such as a plastic bag to keep it clean. It should be kept away from direct sunlight or heat and be stored out of the contaminated area. In the case of disposable respirators, you will be instructed on how long these can be worn. They must be thrown away at the end of this time. If there should be a malfunction of your respirator due to clogging, or if breathing becomes difficult, or you smell an odor, leave the contaminated area to inspect your facepiece for the problem, and arrange for repair and a replacement. 8004 1209 Sbow Emergency Procedure Slide of Things to Remember -9- In cases of an emergency such as a spill or leak which releases a large amount of contaminant, leave the area immediately. You may return to the area wearing a respirator appropriate for emergency use to effect emergency procedures necessary, such as shutdowns or spill cleanups. Your respirator can help you only if you use it cor rectly and maintain it properly. In order to do this, you must: . USE YOUR RESPIRATOR ONLY FOR THE CONDITION IT WAS DESIGNED . CHECK THE FIT EACH TIME YOU WEAR YOUR RESPIRATOR . DO NOT WEAR A DAMAGED RESPIRATOR . DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REPAIR A RESPIRATOR . CLEAN RESPIRATOR DAILY . THOROUGHLY INSPECT RESPIRATOR DAILY . KEEP YOUR RESPIRATOR IN A PROTECTIVE CONTAINER . CHANGE FILTERS AND CARTRIDGES WHEN INDICATED BGW 6/04/80 8004 1210