Document KRGN9Y5d29NpavR5ae6rOOMDx
156 CHAPTER 10
Step 9. Design Panel Area Divide the room heat loss found in Step 1 by the design panel
output found in Step 8.
Room
B C
Design Panel Abba (A,) Sq ft
132 (Unchanged trom Step 2) 77 242
Step tO. Total Panel Output
Add the heat flow upward (g) to the design panel output (g*) and multiply by the design panel area to obtain the total panel output. If the design panel output is different from the panel output (gs) used in Steps 3 and 4, the heat flow upward
should be redetermined.
Room
9*
Id 9 + <14 A*
Total
Panel Output A,(<? + qi) Btu/hr
A 12.5 47.7 B 9.5f 325 C 5.5f 33.0
t redetermined
60.2 42.0 38.5
132 77 242
7946 3234 9317
Step It. Fluid Circuit
Design the fluid circuit (panel piping and mains) for a torn. perature drop of 10 to 20 F deg between the water inlet outlet of the panel (see Chapter 8, Hot Water Heating Sys tems).
Step IS. Bailer Size
Size the boiler according to method contained hi Chapter 43 of the 1961 Gums And Data Book. The net Btu rating of the boiler should equal or exceed the total output of aD p*uela pluaany other loads on the boiler.
Procedure for Metal Ceiling Panels1*
Follow the procedure for Hot Water Plaster Ceiling Panels,
Procedure for Concrete Ceiling Panels1*
Concrete ceiling panels are distinguished from concrete floor panels in intermediate floors by the position of the tubes in the concrete slabs (see Tables 2 and 3). Both types of panels have heat outputs in both directions in amounts determined by the thermal resistances and the temperature differences in tire two directions. The effect of both outputs on heating requirements of the spaces and the comfort of the occupants should always be considered. (See section on Procedure for Concrete Floor Panels--Intermediate Slab.)
Tim procedure for hot water plaster ceiling panfl* cannot be applied in its entirety to concrete ceiling panels some of the amplifying assumptions regarding the upward heat flow from piaster panels are not valid for concrete panels. The necessary modification of the planter roiling panel procedure is as follows:
Step t. Heat Loss
Follow the procedure for Plaster Ceiling Panels, 8tep 1.
Step S. Required Panel Output
Follow the procedure for Plaster Ceiling Panels, Step 2.
1962 Guide And Data Book
Table 2 .... Thermal Resistance of Concrete Ceiling Panels
Panel Cotufredten
Thermal Ratufanre (f deg)Ua fa (hr) per Bltt
Ifrr-i 1
no-Tfi/
covtP^
Spac ing
la.
Heat Row Rado 0 0.5*
IjO*
op down P down vp down
6-fa. Concrete Sfab -l-fa. cover
u r. rj r. u
H-in. (nom.) nonferrous tube
9 3.6 0.30 0.9 0.35 0.7 0.45 12 5.1 0.35 1.1 0.45 0.9 0.55
1^-in. (nom.) ferrous pipe or Ji-in. (nom.) nonferrous tube
9 2.6 0.25 0.7 0.30 0.6 0.35 12 4.( 0.30 0.9 0.40 0.8 0.50
%-in. (nom.) ferrous pipe or 1-in. (nom.) nonferrous tube
9 2.1 0.20 0.6 0.25 0.6 0.30 12 3.2 0.30 0.8 0.35 0.7 0.40 15 4.5 0.35 1.0 0.45 0.8 0.55
1-in. (nom.) ferrous pipe
9 1.6 0.20 0.5 0.25 0.5 0.25 12 2.6 0.25 0.7 0.30 0.6 0.35 15 3.6 0.30 0.9 0.40 0.7 0.45
8-fa. Concrete Slob. I-fa. Cover
y{-ia. (nom.) nonferrous tube
(nom.) ferrous pipe or %-in. (nom.) nonferrous tube
9 3.6 0.30 1.0 0.35 0.8 0.40 12 5.2 0.35 1.2 0.45 1.0 0.55
9 2.9 0.25 0.9 0.30 0.8 0.35 12 4.0 0.30 1.1 0.40 0.9 0.45
%-in. (nom.) ferrous pipe or 1-in. (nom.) nonferrous tube
9 2.2 0.20 0.8 0.30 0.7 0.30 12 3.3 0.30 1.0 0.35 0.8 0.40 15 4.3 0.35 1.1 0.40 0.9 0.50
1-in. (nom.) ferrous pipe
9 1.7 0.20 0.7 0.25 0.7 0.25 12 2.7 0.25 0.9 0.30 0.8 0.35 15 3.7 0.30 1.0 0.40 0.9 0.45
Aar ceiling panel alao acts u * floor [tael to tbo extent of its npwmrd best flow. II the upward beet flown high end tbaapawi ATM, fa.
surface temperate's tv pontble foot discomfort (see Reference 7). <->rV effect on heetinc requirement* of the (pace ebore. It ie not good pnettee to bet* the major portion ctf the upper room'* *<--tiwy requirement* ippiH by the opwird beet flow of t Millet pud below.
Step 9. Panel Surface Temperature Follow the procedure for Plaster Ceiling Panels, Step 3.
Step 4 Upward Heat Flaw Estimate
a. If the upper surface of the slab is exposed to form a floor, find the beat flow upward from Fig. 18, using the panel surface temperature (t>) found in Step 3; and the air tempera ture of the space above.
b. If the upper surface of the slab is not exposed! use the equation:
?. - & - 4)
ao)
Panel Heating
Table 3 .... Thermal Resistance of Bare Concrete Floor Panels
Spocftucf Coftrfrtfcfjoa B*0
Thermal Cessfonc* If d*gH*9 ftlW/Sfw Heat Row Kotin q,/qj or ffr/qs.
1 3 5 10
4^0. Concrete Sfafc--2-fa. Cover
vp down ep down p down vp down rn r<* f*. r. Urn
(nom.) nonferrous
tube
9 0.57 0.52 0.46 0.84 0.43 1.17 0.42 1.97 12 0.73 0.68 0.68 1.16 0.54 1.65 0.61 2.86
tf-m. (ooim) ferrous pipe
or $i*in(nom.) nonferrous tube
9 0.49 0.42 0.41 0.66 0.39 0.90 0.38 1.80 12 3.63 0.55 0.50 0.93 0.48 1.30 0.46 2.35
6-fa. Concrete Stab-- 2-fa. Com
Jf-in. (nom.) nonferrous tube
9 0.59 0.70 0.47 1.05 0.45 1.39 0.43 2.25 12 0.78 0.90 0.60 1.40 0.66 1.97 0.54 3.21
K-in. (nom.) nonferrous tube
9 0.51 0.61 0.43 0.87 0.41 1.13 0.40 1.78 12 0.68 0.78 0.54 1.23 0.51 1.63 0.49 2.61
1
1f e e
0 I
Ji-in. (nom.) 9 0.47 0.55 0.40 0.77 ferrous pipe 12 0.63 0.71 0.50 1.07
0.98 0.38 1.50 1.44 0.46 2.36
1-tn. (nom.) nonferrous tube or 1-in. (nom.) fer rous pipe
12 0.59 0.66 0.48 0.98 3.46 1.30 0.45 2.11 15 0.73 0.S3 0.57 1.21 0.64 1.73 0.51 2.74
Step 6. Upward and Downward Panel Resistance
Follow the procedure for Plaster Panels, Step 5, using Table 2 to find both resistances (r, and r*).
Step 6. Mean Water Temperature and Upward Beat Flow
a. Follow the procedure for Plaster Panels, Step 6.
' b. Find the heat flow upward from the panel (9.) from Fig. IS. Add to the thermal resistance of the slab to upward heat Bo* (*) the resistance to heat flow (rw) of any material between the upper surface of the slab and the space above to obtain the resistance (r) to be used in Fig. 16. The mean water temperature (t*.) found and the air temperature of the *pa above the panel axe the other two factors to be used.
`Step 7. Design Mean Water Temperature
. Select the highest mean water temperature (O as the de sign mean water temperature (tia) .
Step 8. Design Panel Output
Follow the procedure for Plaster Panels, Step 8.
&t*p 9. Design Panel Area
Follow the procedure for Plaster Panels, Step 9.
157
Step 10. Total Panel Output Follow the procedure for Plaster Panels, Step 10.
Step tt. Fluid Circuit Follow the procedure for Plaster Panels, Step 11.
Step IS. Boiler Size Follow the procedure for Plaster Panels, Step 12.
Procedure for Plaster Wall Panels
A design graph has not been prepared for wall panels but a design can be approximated using the equations of heat transfer from walls together with the thermal resistance properties of plaster ceilings from Table 2. The procedure for Plaster Ceiling Panels is used as a guide.
Step 1. Beat Loss Follow the procedure for Plaster Ceiling Panels, Step 1.
Step S. Required Panel Output Follow the procedure for Plaster Ceiling Panels, Step 2.
Step 9. Panel Surface Temperature
Assume a trial pauel surface temperature and determine the resulting beat output from FigB. 9 and 10 as explained in the accompanying section of the test. (Additional heat flow due to the infiltration can be estimated from Fig. 12, if de sired.) Assume successive trial panel surface temperatures until the temperature is found at which the combined heat transfer from the panel equals the output determined in Step
2.
Step 4. Reoerte-Side Heat Flow Follow the procedure for Plaster Ceiling Panels, Step 4.
Step 6. Panel Resistance Follow the procedure for Plaster Ceiling Panels, Step S.
Step 6. Mean Water Temperature
For the required panel output found in 8tep 2, the panel resistance found in Step 5, and the room sir temperature, calculate the required m^n water temperature as follows:
*---<*+ *(*)
til)
Step 7. Design Mean Water Temperature Follow the procedure for Plaster Ceiling Panels, Step 7.
Step 8. Design Panel Output
From equations, Step 6, and Figs. 9 and 10 find the panel
output for design mean water temperature by successive
trials.
__
Step 9. Design Panel Area Follow the procedure for Plaster. Ceiling Panels, Step 9.
Step tO. Total Panel Output Follow the procedure for Plaster Ceiling Panels, Step 10.
Step It. Fluid Circuit Follow the procedure lor Plaster Ceiling Panels, Step 11.
Step 18. Boiler Size Follow the procedure for Plaster Ceiling Panels, Step 12:
Procedure for Hot Water Concrete Floor Panels (Slab-On-Grade)"
The procedure for designing a concrete floor panel (slabon-grade) will be illustrated by Example ft.
Example i: Three rooms. A, B, and C, are to have a com mon water supply temperature; that is, they represent a single zone- They are to be maintained at 72 F air temperature