Document KR756D2wEv1dRpn36aVjKN1xQ

FILE NAME: German Articles - Some with English Translation (GER) DATE: 1962 May DOC#: GER040 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: English Abstracts from Medical Journal  i i I ;; sI i ,* J j 460 BULLETIN OF HYGIENE May, 1%2 ami Blood Oxyhuemoglobin Saturation in Jtespiratory Failure due to Pulmonary Silicosis] Med. d. Lavoro. 1961, June-July, v. 52, Nos. 6/7 , 406-19, 3 figs. [Numerous refs.] The English summary appended to the paper is as follows:--- " The relation between E.C.G. reports and arterial oxygen saturation has been investigated in 33 patients with chronic lung disease (pulmonary silicosis), present ing a severe degree of respiratory failure. " The following points were noted: " 1) only a few single E.C.G. signs of chronic cor pulmonale show a g'ood correlation with o.xyhaemoglobln saturation, that is the voltage of the P wave in D,, right axis deviation of the I'QRS complex, alterations in the final ventricular complexes in the right precordial leads. " 2) The highest level of correlation was found be tween the degree of severity of the hypoxia and the total E.C.G. ' value the latter being determined by the total number of E.C.G. signs indicative or pathognomonic of cor pulmonale, found in each tracing. " 3) A good correlation between-.E.C.G. and arterial oxygen saturation can be easily explained if one remem bers that hypoxia is at the root of the haemodynamic alterations (pulmonary hypertension, raised resistance) of the pulmonary circulation; moreover arterial desatura tion can certainly favour the appeal anee of signs of right ventricular strain. " 4) On the whole the order of appearance of E.C.G. signs in cor pulmonale is confirmed to be the following: modifications of the electric axis clue at first to positional factors and later' to right ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation; alterations in the final ventricular complexes; direct signs of ventricular hypertrophy in the right pre cordial leads." ZlSLIN, D . M . [C linical S tu d y o f Silieo-T ubcreulosis] Giglena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Moscow. 1961, v. 5, No. 9, 58-64. [20 refs.] [In Russian.] English summary (5 lines). The presence of a single large shadow on the X-ray of a worker exposed to silica dust, in the absence of a classical picture of silicosis, might, be due to silicosis-- nodules present in the lung fields being too small to show by X-ray. " Latterly, with the development of thoracic surgery, the number of such observations has consider ably increased." A study was made of 18 patients with " isolated conglomerates ", round or oval in appearance, 2-8 cm. across and usually in the upper part of the right lung. The clarity of outline depended on the stage of the pro cess. " In the remaining parts of the lung fields there was a diffuse silicosis with discrete nodular formation." Dur ing the development of the " conglomerate" the patient was in a relatively good state with normal body tempera ture, normal blood picture and no special changes were found on clinical examination or investigation of the functional state of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. This phase might last from 4-6 years before :a deterioration so sudden, that not infrequently the patient could name the date from which he felt ill. This was generally accompanied by rigors, malaise, cougr, and increasing shortness of breath, The breath soundi were found to be moist and crepitating in some cases, he: in others the physical signs were normal. On radioing, the " conglomerate " was found to be increased, the clarity of its outline broken and there appeared a lint shadow leading to the lung root. Not infrequentl. cavitation occurred. On examination of die sputum tubercle bacteria were frequently and readily detected. Was the tuberculosis an early factor leading to ih< " conglomeration " or did the silicotic tissue provide * favourable medium for the organisms? It is claimed thai careful clinical study revealed that long before the acute manifestations of the tuberculous infection there weic periods of general debility, fatigue, sweating and other symptoms. These were either not noticed or were ms unnaturally attributed by the patient and the doctor to everyday infections. On occasions, while there was link clinical evidence of a change in the condition, this could be observed in serial X-rays, showing as an increase in size of the shadow, change in its shape with " latent! offshoots " and the appearance of smaller nodes in the vicinity of the " conglomerate ", Subsequently a casit, appeared. Thus the forerunner of an outbreak of tub culosis [the second, " acute " phase] is either a rapid progression of the conglom erate fibrosis or the appear ance of mild symptoms of intoxication, or both together Inoculation of guineapigs with the sputum of patients with " conglomerate " but with few symptoms of tox aemia, was positive in 11 out of 13 cases. Similar finding* were made with lymph gland inoculation. It is suggested that these findings could modify the therapeutic approach to this condition of " solitim conglomerate silicosis ", for by the time the phase ol acute progression has been reached the disease is resistant to treatment. In 53 cases in which sections were made, periphery: lung cancer was found in 3 and " we gathered the intpresion that conglomerate is prccanccrous There follows a discussion on the appropriateness the terminology used, with differing emphasis being put on either the tuberculous or-silicotic factor. The condi tion described as " conglomerate " (or silicotuberculoma differs from tuberculoma by the presence of silicon, tissue, blockage of the lymphatic passages in the lunf segment which has the " conglomerate " and the absuiu of the specific endobronchitis characteristic of lubci culoma. (There are unfortunately no individual details ncase histories.] [See also this Bulletin, 1961, v. 36, 1236.] W. li. Lee Boiimg, H., Jacoh, G. & M ller, H. Zur Problemuii, des .Dispositionsfaktors bei Asbestose. [The Con stitutioual Factor in Asbostosis] Arch. f. Garn bepath. it. Gewerhchyg. 1961, v. 18, No. 6, 596-60'* 4 figs. [Numerous refs.] The possibility of individual, family or racially con ditioned susceptibility to certain diseases has long bee: discussed. It has also been considered in relation to sili cosis in a number of papers [this Bulletin, 1955, v. 30 378] which are mentioned and discussed in the presen; paper. In asbestosis, however, because of there bcin- Voi cons dust and the : r cal each sulTc COUI drtc as be to a T) exan brot I oi turn* alive and ycat yeat of b Oj cons but Pet Pl.t Tb folio a lea divii allot viou " ( earn cstab sulp not M an - - - -v : \ - ly . I' f , COUfib sound* lase*;. Imi pulioh'P seil, fi'.* vi a fio* equonth .spume ; in ih* livide * icil ih.f ic acu* c uri* li HlK'1 .re n<>: d o t t>IS liti*, i cimili .ase in interni in ibi- cimo ttll'CI input "ipe.it ethe tieni i t. i dl(D ih* liuti e f Itili! K*l>! ne ,4 |V.iF rw!i **14 'tiri. 'n t * 37. No. 5 OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 'iiierahly fewer industrial concerns in which asbestos ' i<a risk, the literature is scantier than that of silicosis : 'cry few instances of asbestosis among members of ante family have been reported, ihere are given here detailed family histories and clinirarticulars of members of 3 families--2 brothers in i at 2 families and 2 sisters in 1 family--all of whom ' red from the effects of exposure to asbestos in the ic of their employments. In addition there is a '.ription with many references of the morbidity of maxis and its relation to length of period of exposure Kmos dust at work. ve records of the 6 patients in all of whom X-ray tiinatiem showed definite asbestosis were:-- (1) 2 `hers died after 18 to 25 years' exposure to asbestos, I bronchial carcinoma and the oilier of a pleural ur; (2) 2 sisters after 32 to 35 years' exposure were t. aged 84 and 82 years, but had shortness of breath bronchial catarrh; and (3) 2 brothers had only 3-4 >' exposure to asbestos and were alive at over 62 'oi age. both of them suffered from some shortness T.uh and cough. "i ibis evidence the opinion expressed is that personal 'aiation plays no part in susceptibility to asbestosis !oes influence the progress of the condition. M . E. Delaflcld 'ovir, !.. Industrijski olrovi i kardiovaskularni 'aleni. [Industrial Poisons and the Cariliovnscular Vstcm] Bull. Inst. Hyg. Belgrade. 1961, July>Xc., V. 10, Nos. 3/4, 29-39. [16 refs.] English 'Urnmary. '"vir, L. & Porovic, S. Prilog poznavanju alergije oil radnika pri radu sa olovnim oksiilom i olovnim "jllidom, [A Contribution to tlic Knowledge of tllcrgy among Workers with Lead Oxide and I rad Sulphide] Bull. Inst. Jlvg. Belgrade. 1961, July-Dec., v. 10, Nos. 3/4, 2-4. r'i English summary appended to the paper is as ws:-- Hie allergy was investigated among the workers of 1 smeltery. For this, 441 workers were examined, '.il in four groups, according to tlicir working places, oc anamnesis (anamnesis = recollection of a pre' existence) and exposure to dust. r"i ilic ground of clinical examination and skin tests r l out by standard and specific allergens it has been '''heti. that the dust containing lead oxide or lead '~wie is not the cause of allergy. This dust also does it as a favouring factor for allergic sensibilisation." ''. f. S. Lend Intoxication in the Surgical Wards. ''sottish Med. J. Glasgow. 1962. Jan., v. 7, No. 1, 6-41. Twenty-five cases of lead poisoning presented with ''( abdominal symptoms: twelve were admitted under .are of a surgeon and six had a negative laparotomy. Some features of the clinical picture are discussed. It is considered that the correct diagnosis will usually be made if the condition is remembered." Stankovic, D. SIuiaj hroniinog saturnismo su akutno ciklifkim lokom posle uzimanja velike koliiino alkohoia. [A Case of U irnnle Saturnism with Acute Cyclic Development after the Intake of Large Quantities of Alcohol] Bull. Inst, Hvg. Belgrade. 1961, July-Dee., v. 10, Nos. 3/4, 41-8, 4 figs. [10 refs,] French summary. Kleinfeld, M., Messitt, J.. Kooyman, O. & Goldwater, I.. J. Fingernail Cystine Content in C hronic Mercnrv Exposure. Arch. Environment. Health. Chicago'. 1961, Dec., v. 3, No, 6, 676-9. " The effect of chronic occupational exposure to mercury on the cystine level of the fingernails was studied, Based on the available environmental data, the workers wore divided into 3 groups; a control, a minimally ex posed, and a moderately exposed group. A good correla tion was noted between the degree of exposure and the urinary excretion of mercury. However, there were no significant differences in the cystine content of the finger nails between the 3 groups. The results of this study indicate that mercury, in the range of exposure encoun tered, does not affect the metabolic pathway involving the conversion of methionine to cystine." Samitz, M. H., G ross, S. & Flesch, P. Studies of the Concentrations of Chromium Sails in the Skin of Guinea Pigs. J. Occup. Med. Chicago, 1961, Dec., v. 3, No. 12. 591-2. " There was no evidence of epidermal sensitivity on challenge testing in animals treated with 0-5% potassium dichromate in combination with sodium lauryl sulfate. Although a 5% potassium dichromatc solution in com bination with sodium lauryl sulfate produced marked irritation, sensitivity was not demonstrated. These results confirm our previous findings. " Deposition of hcxavalcnt and trivnlent chromium solutions in the skin was obtained by tattooing. Spectrographic analyses of biopsy sections did not show any significant difference in the absorption of two types of chromium compounds. After one week, little of cither compound remained in the skin." [See also this Bulletin, 1959, v. 34, 4f,;t.] Sunderman, F. W., R ange, C. L., Sunderman, F. \V., Jr., D onnelly, A. J. & L ucyszyn, G. W. Nickel Poisoning. XII. Metabolic and Pathologic. Changes in Acute Pnenmonitrs from Nickel Carbonyl. Ainer. J. Clin. Path. 1961, Dec., v. 36. No. 6, 477-91, 10 figs. [42 refs.] Each day for a week X-ray examinations of the chest and investigations on blood, serum and urine were made