Document KR1oGERKLJ2nvDYkGZgZzn3x6
14256997033 2002-02-26 19:09:21 (GMT), page 28
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"Moreover, as with length distribution, diameter distribution varies with activity and fiber
types. As a result, the fraction of fibers longer than 5 um visible by light microscopy
varies from about 22 percent in chiysotile and crocidolite mining and amosite/chrysotile
insulation manufacturing to 53 percent in amosite mining. Intermediate values of40
percent are measured in chrysotile brake lining manufacturing and 33 percent in amosite
mill operations. Thus, even perfect measurement of workplace air, with accurate
enumeration offibers according to currently accepted methods, would be expected to
lead to different exposure-response relationships for any specific asbestos disease when
different work environments are studied."
fiber width is clinically important to carcinogenic potency. Thinner fibers (generally <
. 1 um), which ate invisible under light microscopy and therefore uncounted, are farmore
mesothliogenic than wider fibers.
(Stanton et al. 1981) (Pott et al. 1972)
Lippmann first noted this explanation for the "textile mystery" in 1987:
"The origin of this lower risk [for miners] is not fully understood, but part of the
difference may lie in the different fiber size distributions between the mining and milling
of chrysotile and its use in a textile plant or other production facility. Animal
experiments-- indicate that the fibers most likely to produce cancer are too thin to be
observed by a light microscope. In the mine and mill die chrysotile fiber bundles have
only been partially broken apart. Many of the fibers are large and easily counted: some of
those counted are curly and non-respirable. When shipped to a chrysotile textile mill the
fibers are further broken apart during carding. In the high-speed spinning and weaving
processes. Thin fibers may split off from the threads most of which are not visible in a
light microscope. Thus in the air of a textile plant the percentage of thin, uncounted, but
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