Document KJz1baLLpdGxwD0prp220eO4N

v=3 ---J /S\ Sgj c--u Air Hygiene Foundation of Amorica, Inc*, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Fa. June 1, 1937 291. OHIO LEGISL. TIOIT. SILICOSIS ADDED TO LIST OF C0KPENSA3LE DISEASES. Ohio State lied* J* 35, 562-563 (lley, 1957). Tho bill Mentioned in abstract No. 115 has been passed to take effect on or about August 1. Silicosis is defined as "a disease of the lungs caused by breathing silica dust, producing fibrous nodules, distributed through the lungs and demonstrated by x-ray examination or autopsy." Various provisions of the law arc reviewed and a revised list of occupational diseases now included is given. (Fuller information will be given in our Legal Bulletin or may be obtainc-d fr-m the Ohio State Board of Health.) 292. 7,'CKK-EiPS COMPENSATION LAWS COVERING DOST DISEASES. Ceram. Ind. 28, 297-8 374-6 (April, 1937). A brief summary of the laws of a few representative states. (The April number of CERA1-IC INDUSTRY contains a number of general papers of interest, which are abstracted in this bulletin. Copies are obtainable fran Industrial Publioations, Inc., 59 E. Van Buren St*, Chicago, 111* at 50 cents each*) 293. PRECIPITATES DOST ELECTRICALLY. Foundry, 65, 95 (March 1937.) This is a brief description of the electrical precipitator developed by Vestinghouse and nrw applied to industrial air cleaning field by the Fangborn Corpora tion. It is claimed that its use ir. industry provides the advantages of dust and fume collection by electrical means within tho range of general application at economical installation and operating costs. The unit consists of 3 essen tial parts, the collector plate colls, the ionizing assembly and the power pack. The grounded plates whore the dust is collected are cleaned at necessary inter vals by washing, rapping or blowing with an air jet. (For information address Pangbom Ccrp., Hagertrtwm, ltd.) 294. CLEANING AIR WITH ELECTRICITY. Heating 4 Vent. 34, 70 (March, 1937). Clean air will be supplied ihis summer to the FieTd Building in Chicago, by tho addition cf electrostatic air cleaners to its air conditioning system in the lower arcade and first four stories. The air cleaning equipment will have a capacity of 272,700 cu. ft. per min. and an expected efficiency of ovbt 99# by weight of dust particles removed. It is said to remove particles as small as 1/5 micron, rsnd to operate on a current consumption of 10 kw* It will consist of 18 units and tho installation is expected to be completed during July. 295. BRITISH USE ALUMINA IN SILICOSIS FIGHT. Ceram. Ind. 28, 296 (April, 1937). Due to the high death rate caused by silicosis among pottery workors, soveral British potteries have substituted alumina for silica for the bedding material during firing. Three large fims are using alumina exclusively, and most of th smaller potteries will probably follow their example* In the United States, several plants have been using powdered kaolin in plaee of sand for several years* (Sec note on abstract 291,) HWBB-0009567 K. m << = Cs References to Recent Litcratur -2 296. COURT DECISIONS .. SILICOGTS SUITS Ceram. Ind. 28, 295-6 A review of a number of cor-.s illustrating various phases of the silicosis situation* The status cf lavs in various strtcs is presented more fully in another paper and in our Legal Bulletins, but sane interesting side-lights are to be found ir. this article. (See note on abstract 292.) 297. SISKS ELIxIYATED BY SUPER-SOUND VvATES. Power Plant Eng., 41, 174 (No. 3, 1937) J. Frank. Inst. 223, 510 (Apr. 1937); Sci. News Let. 31, 14^ (1937). A pooulnr account of lectures and demonstrations of coagulation of smoke by supersonic waves, by H. IV, St. Clair of the U. S. Bureau of Mines. Several other abstracts have referred to this process, and a full account will prob ably be given in a .future publication of the Bureau of Mines, 298. BLARD IS EXCELIENT SILICOSIS PREVENTIVE. Ceram. Ind. 8, 418 (May, 1937). "An inquiry recently instituted among a group of masonry workers showed that clean-shaver workers suffered by far the most from silicosis. Those with strong moustaches got along much better while the workers with full bushy beards and moustaches -were practically immune fran silicosis. Tho obvious ex planation was that the moisture of the breath on the Hair formed a very officionfilter and one -which men could not take off." (The above is included as an itei of interest, but it should be added that no authoritative reports of such an investigation have appeared*) General and Scientific Papers 299* TALC DUST IN T:S RUBBER INDUSTRY. Chr.s R. VJilliams. Safety Eng., 73, 49-51 (April 1937). Talc is used in 'the rubber industry as a dusting agent to prevent pieces of unvulcor.izcd rubber from sticking together, rnd is disseminated into the air in large quantities. The question of permanent lung damage from this inhalation of dust has been raised, but there has beer, little work done in connection with the- problem* According to Dreossen and Dal la Valle disabling pneumoconiosis is not produced, but there is evidence of a "fine diffuse bilateral fibrosis of the lungs v/hich is definitely demonstrable in the x-ray." The author reports a survey of 9 representative rubber plants using talc. The dust concentrations found with the impingor varied from 7 to 194 million par* tides per cubic foot. The quartz content of the dust is very low, usually only a trace* Recoimondations for reducing the hazard include careful handling which can bo automatic in the panning operations, isolation of dusty operations use of talc with a high carbonate content, and use of respirators, (Reprints may be obtained from tho author. Engineering Dept., Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston, Mass,) 300. PSEUD07UEERCUL0MA SILICOTUU. J. S. Faulds. J. Path, and Bact., 41, 129-135 (July, 1936). Two eases of subcutaneous pseudotubcrculoma, caused by implantation of silicco* material with no tubercle bacilli, are described. They are similar to thoso previously described under the name pseudotubcrculoma silicoticum. In tho twe eases, 23 and 10 years respectively elapsed between the injury end the devel opment of tho tumor* Polarized light was successfully employed in examination of the mineral substance. HHBB-0009568 HHBB-0009569 References to Reoenh Litoratv.ro - 3 301. sicxeess amo:*:- hale indnstri/x ejsployees hiring the third chjartfr and the first 9 MONTHS OF 1936. D. K. Brundage. US, Pub. Health Repts.> 52, 127-129 (Jan. 29, 1337). The total nxar.ber of cases of illness lasting 8 days or longer, among 164,000 male industrial employes (exclusive of venereal diseases) rose from 87 per 1000 in 1035 to 91.8 per 1000 in the third quarter and first 9 months of 1936* The morbidity rates for new cases of tuberculosis of the respiratory system are unpreccdently low for the third quarter. Pneumonia increased over the some periods $2_r> while a number of ether diseases were lower than in the same period of 1935. The figures are conveniently tabulated. (The Report of the above date is ob tainable from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. for 5 cents cash.) 0 302. DISCUSSION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS AND DISEASES. 1935 CONVENTION OF THE IN TERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT BOARDS AND COMMISSIONS, ASHE VILLE , NORTH C-.ROLlN. . ( U. S. Dept. Labor, Div. Labor Standards, Bull. no. 4, 1936.) The following thre- abstracts summarize the papers of greatost interest among a number of others presented at this meeting. Those not abstracted inolude a few others on various aspects of pnoumoccniosis end a larger number on provontic of occupational diseases end accidents, wortanen's compensation and its admin istration and ether ratters of general interest. (The entire report is ob tainable from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C., for 20 oents cash.) 303. ES3ENTLXS I" 7E "I* GNOSIS 0? SILICOSIS ."T TUBERCULOSIS. L. tJ. Gardner. (U. S. D<-pt. L*bor, Div. Labor Standards Bull. no. 4, 1936). The author begins by ricffr.ir.g pneumoconiosis as "a condition of the lungs re sulting from the rrolon.red inhalation of dust." The condition becomes a dis ease only v.-hen serious charges producing symptoms occur. An outline of the types of dust is the:; presorted, with emphasis on the point of "adequate ex posure" and the importance of a good occurr.ti -ual history. The pathological and rocntger.nl o.-i c*l fc-'turcs of silicosis and csbestosis are reviewed con cisely. A discussi'.n of symptoms and prevention concludes the paper. (See note on abstract 302.) 304. RELATIONSHIP OF AS3EST0SIS AND SILICOSIS TO DISABILITY. R. R. Sayers. (0# S. Dept. Labor, Div. Labor Standards, bull. no. 4, 1936). The definition of silicosis drawn up by the American Public Health Association is followed by the axithor's equally fxill definitions of asbestosis md of dis ability. The increased lost time due to respiratory infections among workers in dusty atmospheres, as compared to other workers, is demonstrated. In one of the dustiest occupations, that of hand pneumatic cutters in the granite in dustry, where the dust is high in silica, the time lost from such illness is four times as great as among workers exposed to minimum quantities of Industrie, dust. Tables of anthraco-silicosis and associated respiratory infection and of mortality from respiratory tuberculosis are included. (For reprints sec abstract No. 302.) 305. PNEUMOCONIOSIS. R. Hunt. (U.S. Dept Labor, Div. Labor Standards, Bull no. 4 1936). The author considers "pnexjmoccniosis" as a general term very broad in scope and referring to presence of any dust in the lungs. A review of the pathology of the pneumoconioses is followed by a more detailed discussion of that of silico sis. He states that "silica is soluble- in the weak body alkalies, producing 'C'C 0 r^ References to Recent Literature - 4 a toxin or poison, which "so alters the immediate surrounding tissue that it loses its resistance and becomes incapable of protecting itself against the invasion of foreign bacteria." "Roughly speaking, an atmosphere containing 5 to 25 million particles (of silica dust) per cubic foot, may produce sil icosis in from 5 to 25 years, and about 25% of all dust workers will eventual contract the disease." The history, physical examination, x-ray examination $ dust counts and the progress of silicosis after exposure has ceased, aro briefly discussed. Silica found in the lungs at autopsy amounts to 2 to 50% of the total ash. Authorities hesitate to call an amount less than 15% ab normal. (For reprints see abstract No* 302.) 306. Til HEALTH 0? CEMENT CORNERS. A. J. R. Curtis. Pit and Quarry, 71, 66-70 (April 1937). The results of several years' research work in plants of the Portland Cement Association are presented. The study included respiratory, abdominal, di gestive and miscellaneous disorders. There is little evidence of silicosis among cement workers, as may be anticipated from the very low content of free silica (about 2%). The death rate for tuberculosis among cement workers is only one-half that for all males in the U. S. Registration Area. Minor re spiratory diseases are common but cannot be associated with dust exposure. Rheumatism, and arthritis are the most important miscellaneous illnesses. Other diseases are discussed briefly. (This office will have information about reprints on inquiry.) 307. CONDITIONS OF 7<CRK . ?TD MORBIDITY AMONG WORKERS AT A THOMAS SLAG MILL. A. G. Kalashian. Gigiena truda i tek. bezopasnosti (Russian) no* 6, 93-94 (1936) Very high dust concentrations were found at tho Thomas slag mill of the metal lurgical Tjla.nt at Kerch. Respiratory diseases are much more frequent among workers in this department than elsewhere in the plant. The author advises dust control, careful selection of workers, medica.l supervision and occa sional tra.rsfcr to less dusty places 308. MANGANESE PNEUMONIA. E. v:. Baader. Aerztlich. Sachverstand. Zt. (German) 43, 75-81 (1937). A particular case of pneumonia in a worker handling pyrolusite in making dry cells led to a bibliographical study of manganese and limonite mining in various countries. A high incidence of lung infla.mma.tion, including many fatal cases, was found in ail countries. In the case desoribed, manganese dust was found in the lungs, although there was no change in the connective tissue 309. THE MIST PROJECTOR FOR SUPPRESSING DUST AND FUMES AFTER SHOT-FIRING -- H0LMANWETHERILL MIST PROJECTOR. P. S. Hay. Iron and Coal Trades Rev. 132, 580 (Mar. 27, 1936). Discussion of this paper at various moetings is carried through sev-. ral later issues. Spraying systems and other wetting processes for laying dust in mines are generally ineffective, because the comparatively small number of coarse drops is insufficient to bring them into contact with all the dust* This difficult; is obviated by tho use of a fine spray, and various mechanical moons of pro ducing a fine mist were tried. Experiments were made on (l) the optimum size of the water particle, (2) the dosign of projector to give the most effective mist, (3) the addition of small amounts of wotting reagents, and (4) tho ef fect ir. dealing with fumes and smoke from explosives, which have been shown to accelerate the development of silicosis. The addition of alkalies was ef fective in absorbing these gases, but it was brought out in the discussion H4T8B-0009570 V--J --S CN References to Recent Litorature - 5 that the alkali dries on the clothing and bodies of miners. A small apparatus embodying the results of the research was found to reduce the dust concentra tion to about \7%* V.'ith the Holr.os-vVothcrill mist projector a small quantity of castor oil is fed into the air stream and atomized with the water. The oil retards evaporation and consequent drying of the dust. Mine tests shewed that 8C#> of the dust pro duced by blasting was wetted and deposited near the source of production* Al though this projector is still in an early state, the results obtained give promise of greater comfort for the worker* The dust particles remaining in suspension arc mostly 0*5 to 2 microns in diamoter. The mist projector is most effective whore the ventilation is sluggish. (No reprints are available, but the material may be published later in a report* Copies of the magazine are obtainable through G, E. Stechcrt & Co*, 31 E* 10th St., New York City.) 310. THE K.ICROJ.TTRIC ESTI1..7I0N OF QUARTZ IN ROCKS. S. H. Shaw. Bull* last* Min. & Met. 385, 1? and 38, 9-22 (1936) The object of the invest:grtion was to check the chemical estimation of quartz or fro* silica ?r. rocks by trie micronctric method and to determine the re liability of the latter. (This method applies to material in the rock and cannot be used for dust or fine particles.) The Dclasse-Rosiwal method is ap plicable to any homogeneous rock. A representative plane surface is prepared, and the sum of the intercepts made by any constituent on a sufficiently long line, divided Vv the length of the line, is taken as the volume fraction of the : constituent. The chemical estimations of free silica were made by a "rational analysis" method, in which the powdered sample is treated alternately with acid and alkaline solutions so that only the silica and refractory silicates, mostly crthoclase, remain. The residue is analyzed for alumina, a proportion of sil ica sufficient to make crthoclase is assigned to the alumina, and the remainder is taken as free silica. The chemical ar.d nicrometric analyses check satisfactorily for igr.eoue rooks. In sedimontary rocks such as sandstones, the micrametric method gives low re sults as car.pared v.*ith the chemical, probably because fine-grained quartz may be overlooked. In shales, clays, etc., the discrepancy would be still greater and the micrometric method is unsuitable. The presence of carbonates onuses especially low results for quartz. (These bulletins are obtainable through G. E. Stechcrt k Co., 31 E. 10th St., New York City.) 311. DUST PREVENTION ~ND ELIJ3NATI0IJ. Ceram. Ind. 28, 299-302, 339.41 (April 1937). A general discussion of the necessity of cleanliness and methods of dust de termination and collection is followed by a description of means actually used and found successful in pottery, glass and enamel plants, with a number of il lustrations. In the pottery industry, the most difficult problem is in the . handling of potter's flint or feldspar high in free silica. Shipping in double bags is a partial solution, but spraying water at the time of loading is better* In other operations properly designed exhaust systems have proved successful* After a dust survey had been conduotcd and improvements made, no dust concentra tion of over 1 million particles per cubic foot was found* In the glass in dustry the only hazard is in the handling of raw materials, and it has been greatly reduced Vy improvements such as unloading cars by suotion, briquetting, dust boots 'nd enclosed mixers. An enamel plant is easily cleaned to such an extent th-t the dust hazard bocancs negligible. In a plant studied positive pressure is used throughout the enamel shop. The greatest hazard is in sand blasting, whore suction for the enclosed room and positive pressure for the oper ator have been used successfully* In spraying and brushing operations a good down-draft exhaust is efficient. (See abstract 292.) MWBB-0009571 ^e- - References to Recent Literature - 6 312. AIRBORNE COAL DUS? -- ABATEMENT OF THE NUISANCE IN INTENTS IVE CONVEYOR MINING. A. L. Davies* Colliery Guardian, 153, 755-758 (Oct. 23, 1936) Wetting of crushed coal in a dusty screening plant was found to reduoe the dust by 99*5? in the chamber under the truck tip and by SO% in the vibrating screen room, without reducing the screen efficiency. Nozzles with 1/8 inch orifices, were used with a'water pressure of 40 lbs. per so, in. The coal rate was about 50 tons per hour. (Periodical obtainable from Stechcrt as above*) 313. PREVENTION OF SMOKE ;ND DUST EMISSION FROM CHI2NEYS. Naturo 139, 138-141 (Jan. 1937) In Groat, Britain 165 million tons of coal arc used annually, including 35 mil lion tons in domestic grates. The large industrial units are oquippod with dust and cinder-catching devices, such as cyclones and settling chambers. The Cot trell process has been successfully applied to collecting fly ash, but it docs not affect the sulfur gases. In a large British power station 1-$ million cubic feet of flue gas are scrubbed per minute to reduce the discharged sulfur dioxide and carbcr. dioxide concentrations to reasonable figures. (Magazine ob tainable from the McMillan Co.) 314. HYDRAULIC COAlrURSTIKC- AT NE.VDIGATE COLLIERY. D. S. Ncwcy. Trans. Instn, Min. Engrs., London, 92, 274-232. DISCUSSION, 282-290 (Feb., 1937). This paper describes a nor; method of obtaining coal without the use of ex plosives, thus avoiding noise, danger of explosions from shot-firing, formation of nitrous fumes, and danger to the roof, and producing a miniarum quantity of dust. The ceal burster is a stainless steel barrel bored at fixed interval* to roceive pistons or plungers. A hole of small bore runs through the barrel and coarr.unicates with each of the plunger cavities while the barrel is eormected to a pump. Operation of tiro pump causes the plungers to emerge under pressure, usually for a distance of 3* inches. After the coal is undercut, holes arc drilled in the coal to take the burster and the pressure is turned oft. The pressure developed is 4,000 tc 5,000 pounds per square inch and the total force exerted is 50 or 60 tons. The coal is brought down in 2 or 3 minutos. (This office will have information on tho availability of reprints.) 315. MEDICAL ASPECTS OF SILICOSIS. Ceram. Ind. 28, 294,374. (April 1937). A brief discussion of the cause and course of silicosis, the prevalence of the silicosis racket and the necessity for expert medioal examination. (Soo note on abstract 292). 316. SOME ASPECTS OF BLANKET COVERAGE OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN THE UNITED STATES. L. R. Thompson. U. S. Pub. Health Repts., 52, 329-334 (March 19, 1937). Attention is called to tho groat diversity of worlonen's compensation laws in this country. Occupational diseases are covered generally in only 8 states, in others only specified diseases arc covered, and in many no provision at all is made. Laws that cover only certain diseases havo been criticized as "unfair, illogical* and ineffectivcfn The change from no coisiyagp to blanket coverage -iy-w-Sd t' increase `the rates by n't v.r 1^. '* Statistics of the operation of tho Wisconsin blanket law arc given. Opponents of the blanket law contend that the advantage of prompt payment is frequently lost. (Copies of the Report of above date are obtainable from tho Superintend ent of Documents, 'Washington, D. C., for 10 cents cash.) HWBB-0009572 / fi_n L----- U 3) References to Recent Literature - 7 317. SILICOSIS - RACKET Ok RESPONSIBILITY? (Instalment l) Charles S. Pearce. Ceram Ind. 28, MO, 145 (Fob. 1937). The author cites instances of the "silicosis racket" in which physicians incom petent to diagnosis silicosis and unscrupulous lawyers have had more influence on unir.tellige:;t Juries than experts with carefully and scientifically prepared evidence. The author then considers tho actual danger in certain operations in the enamel industry. Sandblasting is a serious hazard, but the author's exper ience with spraying and grinding with carborundum wheels convince him that they do not involve a silicosis hazard. (See note on abstract 292, but note that thi is in tho February number.) 318. PREVENTION OF SILICOSIS BY IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANT WORKING CONDITIONS. (Instalmer 2) Charles S. Pcarcc. Ceram. Ind. 28, 342-344 (April 1937). A general paper on dust control, especially in the enamel industry, including exhaust systems, spraying bootlTs, respirators and positive pressure holments. (See note on abstract 293.) C. Scientific papers on industrial poisons and other subjects exclusive of dust. 319. CHEMICAL CANCER E. var. Thcmsche. Ing. chim. (French) 20, 30-35 (1936). Cases of cancer duo to soct are twice as frequent in chimnoy sweepers as in any other occupation. Personal cleanliness and tightly fitting clothing around the neck and extremities arctho bost preventives. Similar precautions in oases ex posed to gasoline, paraffins, oils and greaser., and especially tar, pitch, rosin and aniline dyes, will do much toward preventing cancer caused by these sub stances. Strict.medical supervision and the uses of processes whioh avoid con tact with the product will further reduce the danger. The derivatives 1,2 - benzopyrene and 1, 2, 6, c - dibenzanthracene are particularly aotive in forning cancers. The author suggests a ohemdcal explanation of their action. 320. THE PHOSPHORUS CONSENT OF BLOOD AND OF BONE IN VARIOUS TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL POISONING; LEAD, MERCURY, CHROMIUM, PHOSPHORUS, STRONIUM AND FLUORINE. P. Cirla Med. del Ur. (Italian) 28, 44-54 (1937). In lead and chromium poisoning the total phosphorus in the blood is inoreased, while the soluble portion is diminished* With strontium the total and lipoid phosphorus are increased, while in acute poisoning the inorganic and acid solub? fractions are decreased* In fluorine poisoning the blood phosphorus is variable but it tends to remain stationary in phsophorus poisoning* The bone phosphorus in the epiphysial region tends to diminish in lead and chromium poisoning, while with lead and mercury it remains normal. It is much augmented in fluorine and 5 acute strontium poisoning* 321. LEAD POISONING WITH SYMTOMATOLOGY REFERRING TO THE ALIMENTARY TRACT. L. Freti. Med. del Lav., 28 1-11 (1937), A discussion of a lead poisoning case, including symptoms of the gastro-intestir. tract and argument concerning the duty of the state toward workers so afflioted. 322. CHRONIC LEAD POISONING vriTH 5YMTT0MAT0L0GY REFERRING TO THE CARDI0-7ASCULARRENAL STSIEr. L. Preti. Med. del Lav., 28, 33-43 (1937) A detailed description of a case of lead poisoning in a vnrnisher, aged 46, is presented. The (Italian) legal implications of compensation and the question of beginning old age pension retirement for such an individual are discussed* MMBft-0009573 0- '^1 ,<: = .-2< References to Recent Literature - 8 323. SIGNIFICANCE 05 "'.E 7L00U IICTURE, LEAD ELI!VN.TION IV. THE URINE BY LEANS OF VARIOUS CALCIUM I RE.. A. VIOLS :-ZZ) THEIR RELATIO" TO I-HOSIHATE METABOLISM. IN VESTIGATIONS OF AC?"'! lERSOVS. F. Schmitt and Y`. Ensse. Arch. f. oxp. Iathol. u. Thamakol (German) 134, 541-546 (Jar.. 15, 1957). A lew calci'.T"'. diet ir normal persons produces an increase of load in the blood and a shift of the total phosphorus in the plasma. Calcium given intravenously or orally increases the total phe6phorus, also the lead in the blood, sometimes to values approaching values found in lead poisoning. There is a relation be tween calcium, total phosphorus and load, manifesting itself in a parallel in crease, 324. CARBON I'CHOYIDE A3 A TISSUE TOISON. E. Schultzc. Klin. Wchnschr., (German) 16. 417-428 (1917). One of two groups cf guinea pigs was exposed for 15 to 20 days, 2^- hours daily, to very small amounts of oxygen, while the other was exposed 10 to 20 minutes daily to a carbon monoxide concentration of 0.5,r5. In the first group the thyroic remained normal, while in the second, hypcrfunctior. developed. Therefore it is not deprivation of oxygen but carbon monoxide that causes these changes, the lat ter acting as a tissue poison. 325. THE TOXICITY OF IKDYSTRI. L SOLVENTS. R. C-. Harry. Faint J&nuf#, 6, 288-290 (1936). " The important solvents r.nd plasticizers are discussed with regard to solvent properties, uses and disadvantages, especially poisonous properties. The author recommends that only the least toxic of the chlorinated hydrooarbons be used in paints, varnish strippers, rrnd allied products and their presence should bo shown on the wrapper of the container. Ketones, esters, and plasticisers cause but little damage* 326. FOISON G..SES ATD THE TETHOLEUM INDUSTRY. S. J. I . Auld. Ietroleum Times, 35, 781-732 (1936). This taper deals with poisonous gases used in warfare and the possibility of de velopment of now gases from petroleum. Ethylene is a great potential souree of war gas, with the possibility of 4055 being converted into mustard gas. Cracked gas nay be the foundation of the "persistent-lethal" for which search is being made. 327. NFw DISCOVERIES OH INJURY TO HEALTH BY CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES. F. Koolseh. Chem. Fabric, (German) 421-429 (1936). An address on the poisoning by chemical substances, their effects, individual susceptibility, diagnosis and sanitary precautions. The substances treated in clude most poisonous motels, carbon monoxide md some organic compounds. 328. EFFECT OF ANILINE ON THE LIVER AND OK THE FUNCTION OF THE IITUITARY AND ADRENALS N. 'xi. Rudenko. Gigiena truda i tck. bezopasnosti (Russian) 6, 19-24 (1936). Animal experiments on the effect of aniline administered by various methods show ed that it' acts on the liquids of the parenchymatous organs, especially on the liver, and not upon the central nervous system, as many authors believe. A new method of determining the effect of aniline on hormone formation shows that the thyreotropic hormone and adrenaline remain within the normal limits* HHBB-0009574 a s> % 0 v=3 Wr'. References tv Recent Literature - 9 . 329. BENZENE SICKNESS IN ViORMEUS APPLYING RUBBER GLUES. E. Holstein. tfed. Welt. (Geman) 11, 391-293 (193?). A study '.vas made of 85 persons engaged in gluing together pieces or rubber for rubber shoes, with a glue containing ?3$ benzene and 1Z% trichlorethylenc. Eleven cases of bcr.oer.c- poisoning were found, also 14 others who had been ill from anemia and hemorrhage. Improved ventilation was ordered and the use of the solvent vras discontinued. 330. FATAL FHOSFHIl'E POISONING IN FUMIGATING FOR OCR:; 7/EFVIL 0. Gessncr. Saroml. v. Vorgift., (German) _3, (Gutachter.) 13-18 (1937). Phosphine in high concentrations was liberated from bags containing 30 grams each of alur.inun phosphide, distributed throughout a granary. Twelve cases of nausea and one death followed. 331. RE'.? riTUOD OF INSTIGATING INDUSTRIAL DISEASES. F. Timm. Deutsch. Ztschr. f. d. gcs. gericht. Mod., (German) 8, 48-50 (1937). By the use of a darkfield method proposed by the author, it is possible to de tect small amounts of heavy metal in the organism, how the metal penetrated, where it is deposited and how its mobilisation by medicaments takes place. He reports as an example, a case of lead poisoning. (These claims appear rather broad, but this is all the information v.e have at present. Abstr.) 332. A MICROGRAVIMETRIC METHOD FOR DETERMINING SfALL AMOUNTS OF MERCURY VAPOR IN AIR. V. A. Fianlrov. J. Applied Chcm., (U.S.S.R) 9, 580-582 (1936). On passing the air through a spiral tube containing iodine, crystals of merourio iodide settle on the walls of the spiral. After removal of the excess iodine, the mercuric iodide is dissolved out with ethor, driod and weighed. 333. PURIFICATION OF GASES ;.T THE MERCURY PLANT AT NIKITOVO. V. A. Piankoff and K. L. Locvsky. Gigiona truda i tck. bozopasnosti (Russian) 57-58 (1936). It was found that 2 to 3 kilograms of mercury were lost daily. Considerable sul fur dioxide was also present. The authors recommend catching the sulfur dioxide with dilute ammonia or.d fixation of the mercury with chlorine. 334. DETERMINATION OF VERCT-PY IN AIR AND A3SCRITI0N OF VATORS OF MERCURY WITH THE AID OF METALLIC GOLD. V. Major. Collection Czechoslov. Chen. Commun., 8, 339-348 (1936). " Very small quantities of mercury are determined by distilling into a fine cap illary, uniting the glAules with the aid of a centrifuge and measuring the length of the thread of mercury. In some cases the mercury was condensed in tubes ohillod with liquid air. Quantities larger than 0*5 g. per liter the oolorimctric method is advised. 335. DETERMINAtttf OF SMALL CONCENTRATIONS OF SULFUR DIOXIIB AND HMOGEN SULFIDE IN AIR. II. V. G. Gurevich and V. P. Vendt. J. Gen. Chem. (U8R) 6, 962-971 (1936). The modified method of Vorlandcr and feSfBftk spends on the different rates of oxidation of hydrogen sulfide and aulftsr dlcxide in air in an ammonium hydroxid The sulfate is precipitated with lead nitrate and the turbidity due to lead sul fate is determined with the aid of a special photoelectrio nepholometer. De tails of the method are given in Chemical Abstracts, for Feb, 20, 1937, col* 62: or will be supplied on request) but we doubt whether they are full enough to follow without referring to the original Russian. HWBB-0009575 HMBB-0009576 References to Recent Literature - 10 336. NOTE ON ;iT IITEST-'C.TIOK Or' LUNG DAK.'OE IK MINERS, CARRIED OUT IK 0CT0BER-N6VE BER, 1936 IK TEE SCKKEEEERG-NEUSTADTER KEIFS. E. Ncitzel. Arbcitsschutz pp. 70-72 (1937). As a result of filtration experiments the author concludes that the lung in juries ir the Schr.ceburg mines ore caused by the radium. emanations, and not by air colloids or dust. The quantity of emanation in the air was not decreased by filtering through carbon, although it v/ns vrhen silica gel was used. For pro tection of the r.incrs, the author suggests the use of pneumatic drills where the cnr.nn.tion content is high, control of nine air, rnd changes of working place for the miners. 337. LATE I-OSTTORTEi: EKIOSSTSATIGK OF CARBON MONOXIDE. M. Tieczarkowski. Polska Gazcta Leknrska, 16, 24-26 (Jan. 10, 1937), The literature on death by asphyxiation from illuminating gas is meager from the viewpoint of demonstrating the cause of death after exhumation of the suspected body. The author's experiments yield additional information on that point, and show that under sons conditions the presence- of carbon monoxide can bo demonstra ted for a surprisingly long tine after death. Spoctrosccoic and chemical examination of the blood reveals the presence of car bon monoxide, even in decomposed parts of the body after 2^ years. If blood poisoned by the gac is scaled vdth exclusion of air, spectral and chemical an alysis demonstrate its presence ever, after 20 years. The presence of the gas my also bo demonstrated during 1 year by pouring thickly and drying the blood* However, if the blood is in contact with air, the tests are ineffective in a much shorter time, depending on the extent of contact. The blood mixed with Jaederholm's solution shews carbon monoxide for only a short time. 338. SOVIET CARTRIDGE RESPIRATORS FOR CARBON MONOXIDE. T. P. Glazkoff. Gigiena truda i tek, oezopasnosti, 6, 89-90 (1936). Two hopkalite oartridge respirators are described, one with 1900 cc. capaoity, good for 10 to IS hours, and the other, 700 cc. usable for 1% to 3 hours. A dis advantage is that they give no warning when their effectiveness ceases.