Document KGpBjn6dxZq5B7XB6MR0289oo

/ newsletter NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60611 A NONGOVERNMENTAL, PRIVATELY SUPPORTED, PUBLIC SERVICE ORGANIZATION 4-'V- .. *4 APRIL 1977 , "i 't Implement, Maintain Respiratory Protection Program THE successful implementation of a respiratory protection program is pri marily dependent upon the employers' belief in the need for the program and the employees' acceptance of the pro gram. This requires that both employer and employee thoroughly understand the plant processes and the possible hazards (both routine and non-routine or emergency) arising from these pro cesses. Obviously, control of respiratory hazards should start at the process in the form of engineering controls. In fact, the Occupational Safety and Health Act states that respiratory pro tection shall only be used when effec tive engineering controls are not feasi ble (with no consideration toward costs), or while engineering controls are being instituted. When respirators are required to protect the health of the employees, a full and complete respiratory protec tion program is imperative to the successful attainment of this objective. Naturally, the elements of. complete and successful respiratorx;j>rotection program will differ from plant to plant. However, we can list some; of the minimum requirements of an effective program. 1. A written set of standard operat ing procedures governing the selection and use of respirators should be established. 2. Respirators should be selected on the basis of the hazards to which the worker is exposed. 3. The respirator user should be instructed and trained in the proper use of respirators and their limitations. 4. Each respirator wearer should be fit-tested and subsequently provided recognized as providiftg'adttquatlf pro- V; tection. with a respirator that fits properly. 5. Where practicable, the respira tors should be assigned to individual workers for their exclusive use. 6. Respirators should be regularly cleaned and disinfected. Respirators used by more than one worker should Now that the standard operating procedures and policies have been out lined, the real,task begins; impteheriting the procedures and maintaiimg arreffective program. Again; it shbgld be emphasized that thii;;can;pnly^ ac complished with the-. full support of be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected management and fulSaccethano^ind;" : after each use. understanding by the employed*?*'" 7. Respirators used routinely should be inspected during cleaning. empfojjeff'.; antf'empidyees-"respolisibilhies. Itis therein-. . Worn or deteriorated parts should be ployers'-responsibHity to-provide replaced. Respirators for emergency respiratoryprotectiveequipmentwhen 1- use should be thoroughly inspected at - such equipme&is necesary- to protect least once a month and after each use. the health bFthe employee^to provide 8. Respirators should be stored in a convenient, clean, and sanitary location. 9. Appropriate surveillance of work area conditions and degree of employee exposure or stress should be main- , tained. 10. A regular inspection and eval uation procedure should be imple mented to determine the continued _ effectiveness of the program. respiratori: #hfeh- ;alKapp|fcaB^rantf ; ; suitable.for the purpose intended, and to establish and maintain an effective respiratory protection program. - It is the employees! responsibility 4o use .Hie, provided respiratory protection . .in- accordance-, with instructions and training received,' to guard against damage to the respirator, artd to report anymalfunctioh.oftherespiratortqthe responsible person-for- correction-i-- - . First, we must makesure that the 11. Persons should not be assigned standard operating procedures include: to tasks requiring the use of respirators unless it has been determined by the respirator program administrator, using the guidelines of a physician, that they are physically and psychologically able to perform the work and use the equipment. This determination should be reviewed at least annually. 12. MESA/NIOSH certified respirators should be used for protec tion when they are available. Non- All the information, and guidance -- necessary for the proper selection,, use. and care of the needed equipment.' Designation of the correct respirator for each job and an inventory system to identify the respirators and the employ ees to whom they were issued. Written procedures covering safe use of respirators in dangerous at mospheres. approved respirators generally are not Continues an next page -A -j 1 *J -.1 -4 - >4 n 3 "I 4 3 1 i "V PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT C 00340* MON-2558 LAM023095 Safety Newsletter Chemical Section . Ki.iinAiiaira.tta Fire Warning Equipment Fills a Household Need HENRY KAISER, the founder of Kaiser Industries, defines marketing as the "finding of a need andrfilling it." Such a need exists in the field of household fire warning equipment. Essentially, two different sensing modes are used by single station smoke detectors. In one type of detector (re ferred to as a photoelectric smoke detector) the principle of scattered or There are so many different man ufacturers of so many different types of home alarms that the situation is confusing. To further complicate this market, some manufacturers are mak ing household fire warning devices for other distributors. Approximately 30 companies have introduced detectors in the last couple of years under SO to 60 brand names. reflected light is used. Under no-smoke conditions the chamber is dark and the light shines across the chamber and is received in a light trap on the far side. When smoke is present in the cham ber, a photocell located on the side of the chamber at right angles to the light source sees the light scattered off the smoke particles and, at a suitable illumination level, triggers the alarm. Two big companies. North Amer ican Phillips Corp. (Norelco) and Hon In the other type of detector (re ferred to as an ionization chamber eywell recently have moved into the detector field and are distributing their smoke detector) a radioactive source material is used to ionize the air within products nationally. Norelco did not the sensing chamber. The ionization of even go into a test market. The compa the air results in a very small electrical ny felt this market was-so huge that the current flow, and smoke particles from saturation factor was nil. That such detector devices are needed is beyond question. NFPA data a fire enter the chamber. This reduces current flow and the reduction in current actuates an alarm horn. estimates 12,000 lives are lost each year in fires. The majority result from There is no lack of discussion regarding the relative merits of these the effects of smoke and toxic gases before being exposed to flames. two types of smoke detectors. For every point on one side, there seems to Another 300,000 people are injured be a point for the other. Current usage annually in fires. Early warning from is greater in photoelectric, so this type home fire warning equipment provides should be permanently wired into the - a high potential for reduction of these dwelling's electrical circuit. The power injuries. To be effective, home fire consumed by the ionization chamber, warning equipment must possess a type is very low and for this reason high degree of reliability over a long battery power can be used safely. In no period of time (30 years does not seem case should either type be used when unreasonable). There are essentially two types of no UL or FM listing appears on the unit. At present, it is the ionization home fire warning equipment. One chamber battery power which seems to type is activated by heat, the other is a be gaining in favor. smoke detector. Two types of batteries are now used The 1974 edition of NFPA no. 74, in the battery-operated detectors: al however, recognizes tht|?Ser:.that,. 7 kaline and mercury. Alkaline batteries': smoke detector technologgahad ad have almost a descending straight line vanced to the point where tftbjudicious deterioration voltage graph and need installation of one or two smoke detec some method of avoiding a reduction tors could be more effective than a in sensitivity as the battery voltage house full of heat detectors in alerting declines. occupants of fire. The mercury batteries have a fairly Further, from available statistical data, it appears that most dwelling fires start with smoldering. The first com bustion product is smoke, thus, it constant voltage during their useful life, hence the detector has a uniform sensitivity during the life of the battery. This, certainly, is a point in their favor. would be valid to select a smoke All types of household fire warning detector rather than a heat detector as a equipment are constantly improving. more suitable early warning fire detec An improvement under development tion device. at this time would produce a longer life source for the photoelectric detector, such as a lightemitting diode. Another example is utilization of a solid state, semi-conductor crystal sensitive to combustible gases. It is assumed that the owner of the home will take care of regular mainte nance. Maintenance should include the following: ` -Replace batteries at least once a year, even if the warning device for weak batteries has not sounded. Replace photoelectric bulbs once a year. More and more, these devices are-. - being required by law and/or building codes. For example? ' FHA now requires the installation of at least one smoke detector in homes which it finances. \ Various local; building ^>de&;.. throughout the nation are ordering the detectors in all new construction- All mobile homes built henceforth: will require these devices,. -~v. At the low cost of these devices and considering their proven reliability^ no . householder should fail to protect his family from fire. They are a safety.,; precaution that should: be utilized to*; day....- --R. T, Feiree. ' Safely Manager~-j-^ ................DeSotO7 Inc. . Des Plaines, III. Annual Conference THE American Industrial Hygiene Association Annual, Conference will be held at the Fairmont HotetmNew Orleans, May22-2T,jpK!oK;;;|;5^r-^ `v" Introductory Class AIHA/NIOSH Course 510,"In troduction. to. IndustrialHygiene" will- be given. April 25-29,197.7 in Ann Arbor,,Mich. ' and June 6-10, 1977 in Phila delphia, Pa. For information or registration call or write AIHA, 66 S. Miller Rd:, Akron, Ohio 44313 (telephone 216-836-9537). Fee is $250. * a i 1 ' > c 003429 LAM023096 Chemical Section ^m, --' ^ H _ J~~ T- National Safety Council ContinuoClJrom p*0* Provisions by a qualified respirators an cleaned, main^i y\ Periodic trail to 'insure: .the propel uSe of#e ). . must perioditiitty reinforce^ this need 'oil a oontinuinjie^5i.S. fe ; Finally, with the full cooperation, understanding, conviction, atid assis tance of both the employer and the employee, we can . implement our via ble respiratory protection program. But in order to successfully implement our program on a continuing basis, we must maintain an ongoing surveillance SurvivalTest To Be Televised May 1 DON'T MISS television's ``Big Event" on Sunday, May I. The National Disas ter Survival Test, a 90-minute NBC program, will be aired at 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time. The program will be produced for .... f ihspectiori fincludirig leak testing), and evaluation of the program arid its effectiveness. This will necessitate con tinual assessment of the respiratory hazards encountered and immediate NBC by Bush Productions, Inc., in cooperation with the National Safety Council. It was Warren Bush, president of BPi, who wrote and produced the * . storaae. changes in the program when needed. . -. If we have the full cooperation and Ne^thfcrespdhsibilitjrand-au- assistance of everyone involved in implementing the procedures we have National Drivers' Test for CBS in 1965. The program won the coveted Peabody Award and generated more mail than any TV program before or since. But . v administratdinsshOiild. Outlined above on a daily basis, we can successfully implement a complete and successful respiratory protection pro-' unlike the Drivers' Test; which focused strictly on traffic safety. The National Disaster Survival Tesfwilf be properly supervise the respiratarpro- gram. concerned with all types of safety: granr,' Fiirthefti Hd*shoUl(f:hivesthe; '' auihontyto maketlienecessary decf-'`- --Harry W. Rapp, Jr. Director For more details, check the Nfarch and April issues of the National Sqfetyy sionstdatiairisuwssfulimplernehia^ The Travelers Insurance Companies News, a \ - jy.... ' lion Of vjiAftercomplete.lyoutlining^Qur respiratory protection- program,' elab- orating on our standard operating pro- - In Proper Perspective ' - cedures to the pt^^^j^h^zfd^alt^'1 possible loose end^ and spelfing responsibilitiesy we ndw haveu* moifcajUt:.. 'Vate'ihe.pmpfoybittifUisOjtl^^irtrtloi^p; he has beearg^oiailB^ltS^rmRy||^dii^55 EVEN IF you are a less than average reader, you have no doubt noticed the increase in articles concerning toxic substances in our environment, both at work and at home. Many of these ^.'caifes articles mention ppm (parts per mil taminants in the air we breathe. . Dr. Warren B. Crummett of the Dow Chemical Co. has provided the following table so that lay people can better understand the terms. The table was published in the October 1976 ploycc rn- the M^^rataitdimfc-c^^^^^ lion) ppb (parts per billion) and even ppt (parts per trillion). These terms are issue of MCA News, published by the Manufacturing Chemists Associa arising from, thej^<clthe,pt|aj!wtlus^p: used to indicate the amount of con tion. " - r of appropriate r(S|dRitofy protection^:-; Having motlvatedtheemployee tOuse^' the respiratory protection prqwdedfewefe^ UNIT LENGTH 1 part per million 1 mch/16 miles TRACE CONCENTRATION UNITS 1 part per biliion 1 pan pet trillion 1 inch/ 16.000 miles / 1 inch/ 16.000.000 miles . . (A sia inch leap on o EdjfeOt?Thomas A McWili TIME 1 minute/ 2 years - . v.-. ! second/ 32 years journey to the sun) 1 second/ 320 centuries Industrial Ri Bi Suite 21 (K 9900 N.m Houston, Ti MONEY WEIGHT VOLUME lr.'S io.doo 1 ounce/31 tons potato chips 1 dtop veimuuth/ Tf/ST 0.000.000 1 pinch salt/10 tons pmatochips 1 drop vermouth/... 1 <7$ 10.000.000.000 1 pinch sail/10,000 tons potato chips:- - 1 drop vermouth/260,000 Associate Etfl 80`lilths" gin 500 bauels gin . hogsheads of gin .. Rudy Wiljamaai* Corporate Safety ManagerNational Distillers1 & Chemical- 1 drop vermouth in 520 30.000 gal tank cars of gin Corp,TM-.--^rr'T,_. ..Tjrrr^-' AREA 1 sq It/ 23 acres 1 sq ft/ 36 sq mi 1 sq in/ 250 sq mi 7710 Reading Mr------ Cincinnati, Ohio 45237 ACTION 1 bogey/ 3.S00 golf tournaments T bogey/ 3.500.000 golf tournaments T bogey/ 3.500.000.000 - golf tournaments The information oantntnod In tMa newsletter haa baan obtained Irani nourcna believed ta bn retioMn. and the editors how axafeland, raaaonabln cam to Snare' Ha accuracy. Hownvnr. the NaUonnl Safety Council dona not guarantaa that eontantt olthia publication ara corractr and etatamonta attributed to other aourcaa do not necasaarlly rallact tha opinion or poalHonof tha CoundL DUALITY RATE 1 lob/1.200 tennis matches 1 bad apple/ 2.000 barrels 1 dented fender/ 10 car lifelines 1 lob/ 1.200.000 tennis matches 1 lob/ 1.200.000.000 tennis malches 1 bad apple/2.000.000 barrels 1 bad apple/2 000.000.000 barrels ^ 1 dented lender/ 10.000 1 denied fender/ 10 000.000 car lifetimes cai lifetimes C 003430- 'A LAM023097 Chemical Section Newsletter Safety Classes Tailored To Fit A NEW occupational lieaj&';frainijig'`:v*`';'' "By conducting the course for em- course tailored to the needs of in- ployees of our company only, we were dividual companies has been intro- able to tailor the course to Diamond duced by the American Industrial Shamrock's specific needs," says Jim Hygiene Association. Laurence, a Shamrock corporate in- The five-day course on "Recogni- dustrial hygienist. tion of Occupational Health Hazards" , ,, "We spent less time on certain was inaugurated recently for 28 repre- ' subjects and techniques which we sentatives of Diamond Shamrock would not encounter or need at our Corp. from its plants throughout the plants," he. explains, "and we ex- country. panded our study in other areas impor- tant to us " The course is aimed at plant man- agement personnel who aren't occupa- tional health specialists but whose responsibilities include iiisuring proper health and safety procedures in the workplace. ; Practical techniques are emphasized for identifying; bi6iogicaj,, chemical, environmental/and physical hazards in industrial surroundings. Diamond Shamrock's school met in Akron, but AIHA says it can present the course anywhere in the country, according to client needs. -' ... - For more information about the .coursp.icontact^illiam E. McCormick, 'XftiXVSTS. Miller Rd., Akron, Ohio 44313. .. '- A Chemical Section 8afety Seminar, held January 27 In Loe Angeles, Calif., waa co sponsored by the National Safety Council and the Greater Los Angelas Safety Council. The LA Council promoted the meeting and the NSC's Chemical Section procured speakers for the seminar. The photos, show clockwise from top right, Joe Kaplan, president of the Greater Los Angeles Safety Council welcoming guests to the seminar; Roger Carley, Chemical Section vice chairman of Programs addressing the seminar; National Safety Council President Vincent Tofany, Chemical Section General Chairman-elect T. A. Yoder, and General Chairman Owen Kublas; and Harry Edwards of Dow Chemical addressing the seminar on respiratory protective equipment. Take It Easy HOW MUCH time is saved by a driver who weaves in and out of traffic? That was the question posed recently by a builder of precision instruments and a tire manufacturer. In a joint effort to find the answer, they equipped two identical cars with instruments to record driving details. Over half of the 1,000 mile test route was on freeways. Driver number one was instructed to travel the route in the shortest possible time. Driver number two was advised to avoid all risks, maintain the traffic tempo, and relax. Driver number one crossed the finish line after twenty hours and twelve minutes driving time. The driv er of car number two arrived 31 minutes later. Although the fast driver took con siderably more risks, his average speed was less than 50 mph compared to the slower driver's average of 48-plus mph. Other statistics follow: Panic stops Applied brakes Passed others Passed by others Fast Driver 4 1335 2004 13 Slow Driver 0 652 645 142 In addition to the greater wear and tear on car number one it consumed ten gallons more gasoline than car number two. --Safeco Loss Controller Printed in U.S.A. c 003431 Stock No. 112.03-05047 LAM023098