Document KGJe4GwKR3mJ2XdjrOXovNBvN

' 1I CIS 77-1435 Acute and eubecutetoxicoiogY And safety evaluation #( SMA 1440-H rosin. Winek CU Burgun J.J. Cluneal Toxicology. Ntw York. USA 1977. Vol. 10. No.2. p.255-259.8 ref. (In English) SMA 1440-H resm is a 35#/(wt/vol) smmoniacal solution of the ester (SMA 1440-A) of a water-soluble alcohol and a low-molecular-weight styrenemsle>c anhydride ISMA) copolymer. Results of toxicity and teratogenic and foeticidal activity studies in rats, skin toxicity and eye irritation studies in rab bits. and skin sensitisation reactions in guinea-pigs, are reported. Except tor eye irritation, which cleared up in 3 days, all the results were negative. I07S0S1 CIS 77-1636 Comparative tonicity of trfvelont and hexavalent chro mium to rabbits. Mathur A.K.. Chandra S.V.. Tendon S.K. Toxicology. Am sterdam. Netherlands, Aug. 1977, Vol.8. No.1. p.53-61. Ulus. 19 ref. tin Eng lish) Histopathological study of the brain, kidney and myocardium showed chromi um ICrl accumulation regardless of the valence. There was no difference 3 or 6 weeks after infection of the Cr, The kidney contained more trivalent Cr than the other organs There was no correlation between concentration of Cr and degree of histopathological changes, but hexavalent Cr caused greater mor phological changes. The kidney contained more trivalent Cr than the other or gans. There was no correlation between concentration of Cr and degree of histopathological changes, but hexavalent Cr caused greater morphological changes. The greater toxicity of hexavalent Cr was confirmed; since the triva lent form is also toxic, workers handling it (chromite ore. salts) must be pro tected. 1079061 / CIS 77-1637 Polyvinyl chloride film thermal decomposition pro ducts as an occupational illnese - 1. Environmental exposures and toxicology; 2. Clinical studies. Brooks S.M.. Vandervort R. Journal of Oc cupational Medicine. Chicago. USA Mar, 1977. Vol.19. No.3, p. 186-191; 192-196 lllus. 41 ref. (In Englishl Part 1 is a literature review of studies on; the working environment, wrapping and labelling equipment or hand wrapping, manufacture of PVC film (formula tions). thermally activated price labels (composition and manufacture), emis sions from hot-wire cutting of film, emissions from thermal activation of label adhesive. Maior emissions from hot-wire cutting of PVC are di-2-ethylhexyl adipate and hydrogen chloride. Part 2 reports on studies in 24 meat wrappers and 8 meat cutters. Lung function tests and blood analyses were substantial ly normal. Approx, one-third of the wrappers had chronic cough, sputum and dyspnoea-in exertion, and other complaints were throat, eye and nasal symp toms. chest tightness, wheeling and chest pain. The role of allergic sensitisa tion is uncertaia 79tei CIS 77-1638 Application of tho line protoporphyrin (ZP) teat monitor of occupational exposure to lead. Joselow M.M.. Floret J. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal Akron, USA. Feb. 1977. Vol.38. N0.2. p.63-66. lllus. 11 ref. (In English) Zinc protoporphynn is the mam abnormal metabolite resulting from interfer ence by chronic inorganic lead absorption. A very simple and rapid test based on a highly sensitive (luorometric assay of diluted whole blood is described. There is a characteristic dose-response relation between tine protoporphy rin and absorbed lead. The method has several advantages over blood lead determinations. 107921) CIS 77-1639 A study of bontone exposure versus urinary phenol levels. Roush G.J. Ott G.M. American Industrial Hygiene Association Jour nal. Akron. USA. Feb 1977. Vol.38. No.2, p.07-75. lllus. 3 ref. fin English) Urinary phenol levels showed a positive statistically aigmficant correlation with benzene exposure. However, the test cannot be used to assess pest time-weighted average exposure to less than 5ppm benzene. 079321 CIS 77-1640 A study of mathode for tho determination of load and cadmium. Eller P.M., Haartz J.C. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Akron, USA Mar. 1977, Vol.38. No.3. p.116~124. 17 ref. On English).. Variations on the dithizone. flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AASl. tantalum boat AAS, extraction/aspiration, and graphite furnace AAS methods o( determining lead in blood and cadmium and lead on filters were studied. The variables included type and amount of acid, ashing procedure, size of sliquot. and time. Accuracy was acceptable in all cases. Tantalum boat AAS showed wide variability and is unsuitable for use in routine analysis. 1079261 CIS 77-1641 Tim# as a factor in atmospheric sampling. Severs R.K., Neal R.M., Downs T D. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Ak ron. USA. Mar. 1977, Vol.38. No.3. p.134-141. I5ref.(ln Englishl Statistically significant differences were obtained in the results of Simulta neous air monitoring of ozone with 3 different methods in the field. It is sugg ested that these differences are largely due to sampling turbulent atmos pheres with instruments having different sampling intervals and time con- 212 CIS 77-1642 tien tube*. Fracchie M.. Pierce L. Graul R, Stanley R. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal Akron. USA Mar. 1977. Vol.38. No.3. p 144148.3 ref. (In English) ( J 1 Carbon disulfide is a poor deaorber of many compounds, and it is necessary to determine its desorption efficacy (DEI for each analyte sampled. This pap er reports on studies testing the hypothesis that DEs determined for single analytes cannot be used for analysis of complex mixtures. Toluene, n-butan ol, cellosolve acetate and n-butyl cellosolve were tested separately and to gether A significant increase in OE was noted in the polar analytes of the mix ture. There is an urgent need for further investigation of adsorbents and elut ing agents using common solvent mixtures. K)79;si CIS 77-1643 Outcome of pregnancy among women in anaesthetic practice- Pharosh P.O.D., Alberman E.. Doyle P.. Chamberlain G. Lancet Lon don. United Kingdom. 1 Jan. 1977. Vot.1. No.8001. p.34-36. lllus. 9 ref (In English) This survey covers 5.700 women doctors. Conceptions that occurred when the mother was in sn anaesthetic appointment resulted in smaller babies, higher stillbirth rates and more congenital malformations of the cardiovascu lar system than the pregnancies of other women doctors. There was no signif icant difference in the spontaneous-abortion rate between the two groups. 1079311 CIS 77-1644 Acute poisoning - Clinical diagnosis and treatment (Intossicaiioni acute - Diagnosi clinics e tranamento). Bona Marrubini M . Ghezzi Laurenzi R.. Uccelli. Organizzazione Editoriale Medico-Fermaceuhci, Via Edolo 42.20125 Milano. Italy. 1977.51 Ip. (In Italian) Based on 10 years experience at the Milan Poisons Information Centre, this reference manual is intended chiefly for first-aid personnel dealing with poi soning cases, in hospitals or elsewhere, but is also useful for physicians and medical aids- Contents; first aid; resuscitation; measures to prevent or limit the effects of poisoning; diagnosis: antidote treatment (list of 55 antidotes with data on manufacturer, properties, method of administration, etc.); list of some 1,800 toxic substances with detailed information on their toxicity, symptoms of poisoning and emergency treatment!. A list of poison treatment and information centres in Europe is appended. Alphabetical index. 1079411 CIS 77-1645 Occupational allergy from 1,2-benxlsothlaiolln-3one and other preservatives In plastic emulsions. Pedersen N.B. Con tact Dermatitis, Kebenhavn. Denmark. Dec. 1976. Vol.2, No.6. p.340-342. 11 ref. (In English! Case reports of 2 workers with contact dermatitis, employed in the produc tion of polyacrylate emulsions for paints and floor waxes. One was exposed to 1_2-benzi*othtazolin-3-one (BITO) end ethylene diamine, the other to BITQ and formaldehyde. 79S3> CIS 77-1646 Tho investigation of quindoxin photosensitivity. Zaynoun $.. Johnson B E., Frein-Bel! W. Contact Dermatitis, Kebenhsvn. Den mark. Dec. 1976. Vol.2. No.6. p.343-352. lllus. 12 ref. (In English) Quindoxin (quinoxaline di-N-oxide) was used as a pig feed additive until its withdrawal in 1973. This article reports studies of 8 individual cases of photo sensitivity. observing the changes occurring in the action spectrum with time, and reporting the skin responses to photopatch testing. There was evidence of persistent light reaction and photoallergy, probably to the parent sub stance. with clinical end photobiological similarities to idiopathic photosensi tivity dermatitis and the actinic reticuloid syndrome. t079S4i CIS 77-1647 Allergic contact dermatitis from ultraviolet cured Inks. Emmett E.A.. Kominsky J.R. Journal ot Occupational Medicine. Chica go. USA Feb. 1977, Vol. 19. No.2. p. 113-115.12 ref. (In English) Report on clinical features and results of patch testa in 8 men employed in the manufacture of ultraviolet-cured inks who developed allergic contact der matitia, predominantly on exposed areas. They were sensitive to one or sever al of trimethylolpropane triscrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate. and epoxy acrylate oligomers. It is not established whether multi ple reactions were due to cross-sensitisation or concomitant exposure. 1079661 CIS 77-1648 Bacillus aubtilia ontymos: A 7-year clinical, epidemi ological and immunological study of an industrial allergen. Juniper C.P.. How M.J., Goodwin B.F.J., Kinshott AK. Journal ol the Society ot Occu pational Medicine. Bristol. United Kingdom. Jan. 1977, Vol.27. No.1. p 3-12. 20 ref. (In English) This study in 1,642 workers at a factory producing enzyme detergents con firmed that atopic subjects are more likely to become skin prick-test positive (PT +1 than non-atopics The mam areas of investigation were: assessment and follow-up of acute respiratory illness, identification of long-term trends in pulmonary function, and confirmation of the prick test as an effective diag nostic tool by relation to serological results. After atopic subjects had been CUSAROSS 02773 ptwottiisitt i ui6 cMvtiuiMMeui ddu i^jejui uttdiui suivGui&nc6 flfQ iMf* fore recommended for these categories of workers. (05433) CIS 76-1325 Hydrofluoric acid (Fluorovodiina kiselina). Filipan T., UKlik B. Monograph Nq.7, Safety Institute (Institut za sigumost). Zagreb. 16p. Pu blished also in Sigumost Zagreb, Yugoslavia, 1975, Vol.17, NoJ2, p,9~25. (In Serbocroatian) Contents; physical and chemical properties. TLV, effects on the human body; protective measures (ventilation, protection against fires due to chemical reactions, storage, personnel information,.medical supervision of exposed workers, warning labels, personal protection (eyes, skin, respiratory tract), em ergency shower facilities); decontamination of workpost; first aid; detection and monitoring of atmospheric concentrations; cleaning and repair of ves sels which have contained hydrofluoric acid; environmental protection; re view of Yugoslav and European regulations. 10543$) CIS 76-1326 Methyl chloride poisoning (Otravy metytchloridem). Bo rovsky 0, JindRchovS J., Klima M. Prakticky l&kaf. Praha, Czechoslovakia. 4 July 1975,Vol.55. No. 13. p.504-508.19 ref. (In Czech) Analysis of 30 cases of chloromethane (methyl chloride) poisoning observed in Eastern Bohemia between 1951 and 1972. Some particularly interesting cases are analysed in depth. Of the 30 cases observed, 24 were workers en gaged in assembling or repairing refrigerators; the 6 others were not occupa tionally exposed (leakage from refrigerators). Subjective symptoms; vertigo, nausea, headache, ataxia. Objective symptoms: staggering and difficulty in walking, limitation of field of vision, scotoma (in 28% of the cases). Recom mended preventive measures: replacement of chloromethane by a less toxic freon; adequate maintenance of existing installations; pre-employment oph thalmologies!, neurological and psychiatric examinations. 1054431 CIS 76-13Z7 Symposium on the non-skeletat phase of chronic flu orosis. Singla V.P., Garg G.L, Jolly S.S., Zanfagna. Kaul R.D.. Susheela A.K., Teotia S.P.S.. Teotia M,, Teotia N.P.S.. Waldbott G.L, McLaren J.R., Franke J. Fluoride, Warren, USA, Jan 1976, Vol.9, No.1, p.5-41. Illus. 78 ref. (In English) This symposium was held in Williamsburg, Virginia, USA. on 7-9 Nov. 1974. The 8 papers read are reproduced in this issue; they discuss the level at which the functions of certain organs are adversely affected. Contents: mus cle. joints, arteries, thyroid, spinal cord and kidneys. Also included is allergy to fluoride, where the differential diagnosis between allergy and intolerance is outlined. 105445) CIS 76-1328 A case-referent study on neuropsychiatric disorders among workers exposed to solvents. Axelson O-. Hane M.. Hogstedt C. Scandinavian Journal of Work. Environment and Health, Helsinki Finland. Mar. 1976, VoL2. No.1. p.14-20.17 ref. (In English) Published reports give justification for the belief that long-term exposure to solvents might induce chronic but non-specific neuropsychiatric conditions (disturbances in memory, emotional disorders, etc.). This case-referent study of data from a regional Swedish pension fund register indicated a risk ratio of I. 8 in regard to non-specific neuropsychiatric disorders among workers such as painters, vamishers and carpetlayers who are exposed to various solvents (turpentine and mixtures of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons) as com pared to workers not so exposed. Moreover a dose-response relation seems to exist between exposure in terms of years in occupation and neuropsychi atric conditions, the exposure to various solvents possibly playing an astrolog ical role. U54521 CIS 76-1329 Occupational lead exposure in Finland - V. Shipyards and shipbreaking. Tola S., Karskela V. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Envi ronmentand Health, Helsinki, Finland, Mar. 1976, Vol-2, No.1, p.31-36.8 ref. (In English) 3 Finnish shipyards and 2 shipbreaking enterprises were studied for lead ex posure. Blood lead (Pb-B) concentration was measured for 568 workers in the shipyards and 13 workers in the shipbreaking enterprises. Erythrocyte 8- aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity was determined for 139 workers in one shipyard and 7 workers in one shipbreaking enterprise. Hae moglobin level was determined for 545 workers in the 3 shipyards and 7 workers in one shipbreaking enterprise. Lead exposure in the shipyards was relatively low. No Pb-B value exceeded 7Q|ig/100ml. The most exposed occu pations were welders, plumbers, painters, repairmen, and sheet metal work ers. The mean Pb-B did not exceed 40pg/100ml in any of these groups. In both shipbreaking enterprises one Pb-B value exceeded 70jig/100ml. the mean Pb-B values of all the workers in the two enterprises being 51 and 46ng/100ml, respectively. ALAD values corresponded well with the respec tive Pb-B values. All the haemoglobin mean values were normal, and there were no statistically significant differences between the haemoglobin values of differepLoroups.-For Part IV. see CIS 76-240. (054531 which toetat loss may arise are briefly discussed: either foetal or maternal tox- feity or germ-cell mutagenesis in the mother through indirect vinyl chloride exposure from the father might be considered, although the high volatility of vinyl chloride seems to exclude this possibility, the most probable cause be ing germ-cell damage in the father through direct exposure. Further details of the method of data collection are added in a letter from the authors to the Editor in: Lancet London. United Kingdom. 12 June 1976, VoLI. No.7972, p.1289-1290.3 ref. TL ,,i // ` 0 0 j (05454), Or W IpWf /JjicuM CIS 76-1331 Exposure to trichioroethylenemionitored by analysis of metabolites in blood and urine. Vesterberg O.. Astrand t. Journal of Occupational Medicine. Downers Grove, USA, Apr, 1976, Vol18. No.4, p.224-226. Illus. 13 ref. (In English) Experimental studies in 3 groups of 5 men subjected to different regimens (in time and intensity) of trichloroethylene (TRI) exposure at rest and during work. The levels of TRI in the blood and alveolar air. as well as the blood and urinary levels of trichloroethanol (TCE) were studied. Conclusions: analysis of TCE in blood and urine give valuable information, but urinary TCA appears to provide a better index of TRI uptake. 105455) CIS 76-1332 Components of variability in blood cholinesterase as say results. Yager J, McLean H., Hudes M.. Spear C. JournalofOccupation al Medicine, Downers Grove. USA, Apr. 1976. Vol.18, No.4, p.242-244.3 ref, (In English) Use of blood cholinesterase as an index of organophosphate pesticide expo sure presents the problem of variability among individuals and from day to day. This article describes attempts to use commercially available lyophilised control sera as laboratory standard. However, results showed that the control sera used cannot serve as laboratory controls for red blood cell enzyme es says. and that they are unsatisfactory for determining day-to-day variability. It appears that different factors account for daily variability in plasma and red blood cell assay results. 105458) CIS 76-1333 Methods of analysis for the determination of metals in biological fluids (Metodi di anaiisi per la determinazione dei metalli nei li quid! biologici). Pozzoli L, Minoia C.. Angeleri S. Editions Aurora. Legatoria Cartotecnica di Ge Carla, Via Palestro 26, Pavia. Italy, 1976.331p. 469 ref. (In Italian) Contents of this textbook: techniques and apparatus used; characteristic pa rameters: preparation of standard solutions: calibration; definitions; determi nation of the following metals in blood and/or urine (by atomic absorption spectrometry): aluminium, arsenic, cadmium, cobalt chromium, copper, iron, manganese, mercury, nickel lead. zinc. (05459) CIS 76-1334 Proportional mortality among vlnyl-chlorido workers (Mortality proportionelle des travailleurs exposes au chlorure de virryle). Monson R.R., Peters J.M.. Johnston M.N. Traduction INRS 97 B-75, Institut na tional de recherche et de s6curit6,30 rue Oiivier-Noyer. 7568D Paris Cedex 14, France. 1975,6p. 4 ref. (In French) Translation of: Proportional mortality among vinyl-chloride workers. Lancet London. United Kingdom, 17 Aug. 1974, VoL2, No.7877. p.397-398. Illus. 4 ref. (CIS 74-1676). Results of b proportional-mortality analysis of 161 de ceased workers in 2 U.S. plants, one producing vinyl chloride monomer (26 workers) end the other polymerising the monomer into polyvinyl chloride (135). A 50% excess of deaths due to all types of cancer was found. Specific sites of cancer with the greatest excess included the liver and biliary tract - the lung and the brain. The excess in fatal cancer cases was seen mainly in men who died before age 60. 105466) ' CIS 76-1335 Principles applicable to preventive medical examina tions - Hazards associated with hexavalent chromium compounds (Principes epplicsbles aux examens mSdicaux prgventifs - Risques associds eux composes du chrome hexavalent). Traduction INRS 54 B-75, Institut na tional de recherche et de sfecuriti, 30 rue Oiivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France. 1975.12p. 13 ref. (In French) Translation of: Berufsgenossenschaftliche Grundsatze fur arbeitsmedizi- nische Vorsorgeuntersuchungen - GefShrdung durch Chrom-VI-Verbindun- gen. Arbeitsmedizin - Sozialmedizin - Praventivmedihn, Stuttgart Germany (Fed.Rep.1, Jan. 1974. Vol.9, No.1, p.17-19.13 ref. (CIS 74-1370). Principles defined by the Federation of Industrial Mutual Accident Insurance Associa tions of the Fed. Rep. of Germany for the prevention or early detection of dis eases which could be caused by hexavalent chromium compounds. They cov er the extent of aptitude tests and check-ups. as well as the following points: hazard sources, absorption and mode of action of chromium trioxide and the chromates, clinical picture of acute and chronic poisoning, restric tions on employment (05469) CIS 76-1330 Genetic risks of vinyl chloride. Infante P.F., Wagoner J.K.. McMichael A.J., Waxweiler R.J., Falk H. Lancet London. United King dom. 3 Apr. 1976, VoLI. No.7962. p.734-735.13 ref. (In English) This study covered 95 vinyl chloride polymerisation workers, and 158 rubber and PVC fabrication workers as controls. A significant excess of foetal loss was found among wives of the vinyl chloride group. Possible mechanisms by 174 CIS 76-1336 Mortality study of workers in the manufacture of vin yl chloride and its polymers (Etude de la mortality des travailleurs d'une usine fabriquant le chlorure de vinyle et ses polymdres). Tebershaw I.R., Gaffey W.R. Traduction INRS 98 B-75. Institut national de recherche et de s6curit6.30 rue Oiivier-Noyer. 75680 Paris Cedex 14. France, 1975.21p, 11 ref. (In French) CUSAROSS 02774 of the caking of crystallised or granulated products containing ammonium ni trate, or the thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate in pure form. Physi cal. thermodynamic and chemical properties of ammonium nitrate; fire and explosion hazards (reference to many explosions on cargo vessels transport ing this substance, giving the IMCO Shipping Code classification of oxidising agents; review of 16 disasters with ammonium nitrate in the USA between 1949 and 1959. as published by the U.S. National Fire Protection Associa tion); speed of thermal decomposition: effect of pressure; stability tests; rules for storage and transport (05429) - CIS 76-1214 A summary of experimental data on the maximum ex perimental safe gap. Lunn GA, Phillips H. Safety in Mines Research Esta blishment Sheffield. SMRE Report R2. Department of Industry, Technology Reports Centre, Orpington, Kent BR5 3RE, United Kingdom. 1973.39p. Ulus. 59 ref. Price: 0.45. (In English) Many organisations have carried out work to determine maximum experimen tal safe gaps (MESG) for the flamepproof enclosure of electrical equipment for use in flammable atmospheres, with the result that the data are widely scattered and not always easily available. This report presents a collection of experimental data from a wide range of literature from several countries and gives a list of MESGs for 25.4mm (1 -inch) and 25mm flanges. The experimen tal conditions are described, with information on the numbers of tests and the gap size increments employed (only data from tests in which the incre ments were 0.05mm or less are included). The 2 main types of vessel that have been used for MESG determinations are the British 8-litre spherical ves sel and its modifications, and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 20ml vessel and its modifications. Earlier determinations in other ves- ales have been repeated in one of these "standard" vessels. 1054501 CIS 76-1215 Protection against the fire hazard associated with the use of liquefied petroleum gases on building sites (Protection con tra I'incendie lors de ('utilisation des gaz de p6trole Iiqu6fi6s sur les chantiers). Losansky G. Traduction 1NRS 41 B-75, Institut national de recherche et de s6curit. 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1975. 15p. Ulus, (In French) Translation of: Brandschutz beim Umgang mit Flussiggas auf Baustellen. Hochbau, MQnchea Germany (Fed.RepJ, Jan.-Feb. 1974. Vol.62, No.1, p.9- 13 and 19. Ulus. (CIS 74-1212). Review of the major causes of fire: recom mendations concerning portable dry powder or CO2 extinguishers: fire prev- r' ention and fire fighting techniques. (05468) / CIS 76-1216 National fire codes, 1976. National Fire Protection Associf ation, 470 Atlantic Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210. USA, 1976. 16( voL. approx. 11,000p. Illus. Price: U$-$10.00 per volume: US-$90.OO per set (In English) These codes consist of 231 safety standards, guides, recommended practi ces, manuals and model laws, in 16 volumes covering, inter alia, the following subjects: flammable liquids, boiler-furnaces, ovens; gases; combustible sol ids, dusts and explosives; building construction and facilities; electrical equip ment; sprinklers, fire pumps and water tanks: alarm and special extinguish ing systems: portable and manual fire control equipment; occupancy stand ards and process hazards; transportation, etc. They include the 1974 Nation al Fuel Gas Code (USA) and the 1975 National Electrical Code (USA). , (05471) CIS 76-1217 Detection of explosive atmospheres by explosimeter (Deteccidn de atm6sferas explosives mediante la utilizaciOn del exploslmetro). Ortega F.M. Ministry of Labour. General Directorate of Social Services, Occupational Safety and Health Social Service. (Ministerio de Trabajo, Direcci6n General de Servicios Sociales. Servicio Social de Higiene y Seguridad del Trabajo). Madrid. Documento 0-10-75, Centro Nacional de Informacidn y Documentaci6a Servicio Social de Higiene y Seguridad del Trabajo, Instituto Ter ritorial Barcelona. Spain, 1975.16p. Illus. 7 ref. (In Spanish) This information sheet describes the necessary conditions for a gas or va pour to reach the critical concentration in mixture with air for an explosive reaction and shows how to detect the existence of this hazard and evaluate it by means of an explosimeter. Description of an explosimeter (basic princi ples: Wheatstone bridge; circuit diagram: how to operate and read off re sults; calibration; limitations; precision). (05504) CIS 76-1216 Fire and explosion hazards with power transformers (Riesgos de incendio y explosidn en transformadores de potencia). Gonzalbez P.B. Ministry of Labour, General Directorate of Social Services, Occupational Safety and Health Social Service, (Ministerio de Trabajo. Direcci6n General deServicios Sociales. Servicio Social de Higiene y Seguridad del Trabajo), Mad- . rid. Documento D-11-75. Centro Nacional de Informacidn y Documentacidn, Servicio Social de Higiene y Seguridad del Trabajo, instituto Territorial. Barce lona, Spain, 1975.22p. Illus. 5 ref. (In Spanish) This information sheet is devoted to the prevention of fires and explosions which may occur (a) in mineral oil-cooled high-voltage (2,000kVA or over) power transformers (flashpoint of mineral oil 130-140C; causes of fires and ' explosions (overloading; overheating; insufficient ventilation; electric arc due to rupture of installation; faulty insulation; short circuit); prevention; dia grams of safety systems and circuits) and (b) in low-voltage distribution trans formers cooled with pyralene (a polychlorinated biphenyl). Disadvantages of pyralene (human toxicity in liquid and vapour form, release of toxtc^&s InStiW ( 011 c tact with electric arc); hazards of transformer overloading, overheating and short circuits. Permissible durations of overloading of oil-cooled transfor mers and a list of insulating materials with their characteristic properties are appended in tabular form. (055071 CIS 76-1219 Fire protection in storage depots for highly flamma ble liquids and liquid fuel (Protection centre le feu dans les pares de stockage de liquides facilement inflammables et de carburants iiquides). Traduc tion INRS 96 B-75, Institut national de recherche et de sdcuritd. 30 rue Oli vier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1975.36p. Illus, 7 ref, (In French) Translation of: Brandschutz in Tanklagern fur leichtentzundliche Flussigkeit- en und Flussigtreibstoffe. Communication by the USSR delegation to the 8th Symposium of the International Technical Committee for the Prevention and Extinction of Fire (CTFI), Luxembourg, 25-29 Sep. 1974, Photocopy. 3 Ip. Il lus. 7 ref. A system of measures determined by the Government has been es tablished in the USSR for protecting liquid fuel depots against fire hazards. Principal causes of fire outbreaks (dangerous concentration of air/vapour mix- tures in tanks; calculation of hazard; calculation of time between fire out- break and projection of tank contents: calculation of area of explosion hazard zones). Fire protection methods (prevention of loss of petroleum products; protection of tanks against overpressure and underpressure, etc.). General directives for the layout and equipment of storage depots. Calculation of safe distances. Fire extinguishing systems. (05560) ; I 1 j t CIS 76-1220 Rapid estimation of carboxyhemoglobin level in fire fighters. Stewart R.D., Stewart R.S., Stamm W.. Seelen R.P. Journal of the American Medical Association. Chicago. USA. 26 Jaa 1976, Vol-235, No.4, p.390-392. Illus. 19 ref. (In English) Report of a study in which fire fighters were trained to use a portable electro chemical breath analyser to measure the carbon monoxide (CO) in their ex pired air and estimate their exposure to the gas. The relation between breath CO and blood carboxyhaemoglobin was determined from samples from 56 firemen. The method, which was rapid, accurate, economical and non-inva- sive, was quickly learnt by the firemen, who enthusiastically endorsed its use. The accuracy of the method is sufficient to ensure compliance with the (U.S.) regulations governing occupational exposure to CO. , fosses) . f 1 > j CIS 76-1221 Polyvinyl chloride toxicity in fires - Hydrogen chlo ride toxicity in fire fighters. Dyer R.F., Esch V.H. Journal of the American Medical Association. Chicago, USA. 26 Jan. 1976, Vol.235, No.4, p.393-397. 10 ref. (In English) This article is a broad-based review of this problem, starting with a descrip- tion of a fire involving plastic in which the fire fighters experienced unusual chest pain and dyspnoea, and one died with severe pulmonary haemorrhage and oedema. The characteristics of burning polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the resulting hazards are outlined. Results of a clinical study of 175 fire fighters known to have been exposed to thermal degradation products of PVC are re- ported. Mandatory use of self-contained breathing apparatus in these condi tions and protection by masks during the "overhaul phase" (the period just af ter the fire has been extinguished, when the area is being cleaned up. but tox ic smoke and fumes are still being emitted), are advocated. 1055661 CIS 76-1222 Fire and explosion hazards of fluorene and its deriva tives (Polaro- i vzryvoopasnosf fluorena i ego proizvodnyh). KoroTienko A.J.. Ivanov A.V., Aristova E.M. Himileskaja promySlennost'. Moskva. USSR, Dec. 1975. No.12, p.23.6 ref. (In Russian) Results of research to establish flammability limts and the lower explosive lim its of aerosols of fluorene and its derivatives. Aerogels (except for those of 2-dimorpholinoacetylfluorenone) do not ignite when in contact with weak sources of energy, but aerosols liberated at temperatures above the melting point are easily flammable. The flammability of aerogels of fluorene deriva tives depends on the nature of the aliphatic substituent in the lateral chain The explosibility of the aerosols of these derivatives can be inhibited by the presence of 2 bromine atoms or the S03Na group in the molecule. 105600) j | ; CUSAROSS 02775 CIS 76-1223 Vent efficiency - Study of dust explosions in 1, 10 and 100m3 vessels: influence of type of the dust and effect of a conduit forming an extension to the vent (Efficacit6 des Events - Etude d'explosions de poussi&res en recipients de 1.10 et 100m3: influence de ia nature de la poussire et de la presence d une canalisation prolongeant rfevent). Pineau J.. Giltaire M.. Dangreaux J. Cahiers de notes documentaires - S6curitf et hygiene du travail. Paris, France, 2nd quarter 1976, No.83, Note No. 1005-83-76, p.191-203. Illus. 3 ref. (In French) The purpose of this study is to plot a series of curves for calculating the surfa ces of vents to be installed on vessels of a given volume (taking into account the pressure they can withstand and the explosive characteristics of dust clouds), and to test the validity of a law concerning the extrapolation of the venting coefficient in relation to the volume of the vessel. Characteristics of dust explosions in isolated vessels. Tests carried out on sawdust in 1.10 and 100m3 vessels. Tests in 1 and 10m3 chambers containing maize dust aspirin, powdered milk, powdered epoxy resin, icing sugar. Tests on aluminium pow der in a 1m3 chamber. Tests in a 10m3 chamber on diminished efficacy of vents with extension ducts for removing combustion gases (the value of the [ j j 1 164