Document KG9ZoDbJQb4217Y4wM87ZE10o
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CHAPTER 37
1946 Guide
Table 1. Average Maximum Water Main Temperatures3
emp. !T F 1
T emp. F T emp. F
State
City
State
City
State
City-
Ala. Birmingham. 84
50 Pa.
74
73 68
81 70
Tucson________ 80 . Calit. Anaheim... __ 60
Salem____ _____ 68 Worcester......... 76
McKeesportTM 82 Philadelphia__ 83
Berkeley._____ 69 Mich. Detroit.............. 77
Pittsburgh........ 81
Fresno................ 72Fullerton......... 75
Flint__ :______ 70 R. I. Providence- ... 68 Grand Rapids.. 84 S. C. Charleston........ 80
Glendale. ......... 68
Highland Park 77
Greenville-
81
Los Angeles...... 75
Oakland
69
Jackson. ....... 56
Spartanburg___ 78:
Kalamazoo.___ 53 S. D. Rapid City.___ 55
Ontario... ......... 70
Lansing.
64 Tenn. Chattanooga.... 84
Pasadena........... 82 82 89
Pomona............. 75 Minn. Duluth--........... 55
Memphis........... 70 .
Riverside..____ 78
Minneapolis___ 80
Nashville........... 90
Sacramento...... 72 San Bernardino 65 Mo.
St. Paul../.-...... 77 Texas Amarillo......... 65
Jefferson City.. 82
Austin. _ ......... 90
San Diego......... 82 San hrancisco.. 62 Whittier_______ 75
Kansas City___ 84 St. Joseph......... 84 St. Louis. ____ 85
Beaumont.:...... 86 Dallas................. 86 Fort Worth...... 84
Colo. Denver............... 75
Springfield........ 70
Conn. Bridgeport____ 66 Nebr. Lincoln............... 63
Hartford!. ..... 73
Omaha..... ..... .... 87
New Haven.__ 76 Nev. Reno................... 61
Waterbury___ 72 N. H. Manchester...... 76
D. C. Washington___ 84 N. J. Jersey City--__ 63 Utah
Del. Wilmington...... 83
Newark. -
74
Fla. Jacksonville-... 80
Paterson-- ....... 78 Va.
Galveston..'..... Houston..... ...... Port Arthur...... San Antonio. ..: Wichita Falls. ! Logan................. Salt Lake City.. Fredericksburg
90 84 83 76 85 44 60 75
80 79
Tampa............ .. 77. N. Y. Albany............... 68
Norfolk. -......... 80
Ga. Atlanta.
87
75 Wash.
58
Macon................ 80 56 62
iii. Chicago.!
76
Mt. Vernon...... 74
Spokane.....'....... 51
Cicero. .............. 76
New Rochelle.. 75
Tacoma.... -- ... 57
Evanston........... 73
New York......... 72 W.Va. Charleston........ 85 -
67 70
Rockford........ 59 60 78
lnd.
Springfield...... 82 Evansville........: 86 Gary..... .............. 75
Syracuse__ !-.- 74 Wis. LaCrosse........... 54
. Utica__________ 69
Madison............ 58
70 70
Indianapolis.--. 80 N. C. Asheville______ 74
Racine...... ......... 68 ;
South Bend...... 61
85
Terre Haute__ 82
Winston-Salem -.82
Iowa Cedar Rapids.. 78 N. M. Albuquerque.... 65-
Des Moines:!.... 77
76
Sioux City___ _ 62 Kans. Concordia_____ 57-
50 Cincinnati......... 84
Pro-
Kansas City___ 86
Cleveland_____ 74-
Topeka________ 88
Columbus........ 82
Wichita.............. 72
Dayton________ 60
Ky, La.
Louisville ....... 85 Baton Rouge... 85
Lakewood_____ 82 Alta. Calgary...... ....... 64 Springfield____ 72 B. C. Vancouver........ 60
New Orleans.... 85
Me/ Augusta_______ 60 Okla. Md. Baltimore- ..... 75 Mass. Boston_____!..... 80 Ore.
s Cambridge ..... 70
Toledo.......... ..... -83 Ont. Oklahoma City 82
85 P.E I Eugene____ ___ 60. Que.
64
London. .......... Toronto.:...........
Montreal....:.....
50 63
48 78 68
Fall River......... 76
1,
-
.t
.
. . "These averages taken from various city water main locations, with some actual values slightly higher and some lower than values shown.
Spray Apparatus
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cleaning and servicing of individual units without affecting the room as a whole, group control of the water and power may be employed.
AIR DEHUMIDIFICATION WITH WASHERS
Moisture removal from an air-vapor mixture can be accomplished by use of an air washer so long as the temperature of the spray medium islower than the dew-point of the air passing through the unit. The final; dry-bulb temperature and the relative humidity of the air leaving adehumidifier washer are dependent upon: the air velocity, the length of air travel through the sprays, the dry- and wet-bulb temperatures of the; entering air, the spray temperature, the number of spray banks and nozzles, the quantity of spray medium handled, and the effectiveness of the nozzles in breaking the spray into a fine mist.
Both sensible and latent heat are removed in the process of dehumidi fication by cooling. Abstraction of sensible heat occurs during the entire time that the air is in contact with the spray -medium. Latent heat, removal takes place as condensation occurs. Therefore, the lower the. spray temperature the greater the amount of moisture removal per pound of dry air, all other conditions remaining the same. Washers with two or more banks of sprays are usually selected for comfort air conditioning installations. Such washers will cool the air to within 1 or 2 F of the'leaving spray water temperature.
Where a limited supply of cold water is available multiple stage washers may be used to an advantage. The cool water is pumped through -the multiple spray systems in series. By this arrangement the entering air is cooled first by the warmer water and finally by the cooler water' which gives the maximum amount, of cooling with the minimum amount ', of water; The approximate temperatures of water from wells at depths . of 30 to 60 ft are given in Fig 3 *. Frequently the temperature of the city water main supply is low enough during the summer to permit an ap preciable cooling effect. Table 1 lists the maximum city water main temperatures for various localities in the United States and Canada.
Air washers using refrigerated spray generally have their own recircu-, lating pumps. These pumps deliver to the sprays a mixture of water from the washer sump, which has not been re-cooled, and refrigerated, water. The quantities of each are controlled by a three-way or mixing valve actuated by a dew-point thermostat located in the washer air outlet , or by humidity controllers located in the conditioned space.
ATMOSPHERIC WATER COOLING EQUIPMENT
.In the operation of a refrigerating plant or a condensing turbine, one of the main problems is the removal and dissipation of heat from the compressed refrigerant or the discharged steam. This is accomplished' ordinarily by first transferring the heat of the gas to water in a heat exchanger, from which water it may then be dissipated in a number of ways. If the plant is situated on the banks of a river or lake, an intake may be taken up-stream or at a considerable distance from the discharge, to prevent mixing of the heated discharged water with the inlet water. If the source of cooling water is a city supply or a well, the discharge water may be run into the nearest sewer or open waterway. Lackingan unlimited water supply, or in cases where purchased water is too expensive or where the water available contains dissolved salts which would form scale on the heat-exchanging apparatus, it is necessary to recirculate the water, and to cool it after each passage through the heat-