Document K6qwwYmdGb0NyyO3rRgnK9Ea6
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Mr25* C0PJT
Nw. m mmim
w. p* Fisher, P* ft P*, WS.M*
0* H Bullitt,
Esp. Sta*# film*
R, B, Davis,.Lab*
f. D Lawson, Lai),
Ho S Stuart, Lab,
J. C* Bryan# Lab*
Patent Section, Lab*
Marshall Lab,, Library (5)
File: 1810
Marshall Laboratory
February 2, 1954
MEMORAHDilM REPORT HO* M-67?
Prepared by: T, J. Noone
A STUDY OF THE FACTORS AFFECT131G THE ABRASXOH RESISTANCE
OF THE 711 LIME PRODUCTS
immmm
This report covers information that is basic to the development of isaximua properties in our abrasion resistance finishes.
Previous work had indicated that increasing the pigment content has *>r- adversely &ffeot&<k abrasion resistance. To allow a more concise study of this effect# filmingion issued investi gation WI-2514.
COMCLUSXOI
The results of our work can be swnariaed as follows:
1) Low pigment-to-binder products should be used if the maximum abrasion resistance is desired,
2) The addition of *50# polythene on the pigment is all that is necessary to give the desired improvement in abrasion resistance. This level of polythene also gives the best gloss.
It is our opinion that since the abrasion resistance of a finish is primarily a surface effect, the information developed in this study will apply to all typof baking enamels*
N35489
-a-
jXPER3MTAL DETAILS
A Latin square was designed with three variables each at four levels:
P/& Ratio
% Polythene
AXkyd-UF Ratio
40/LOO
0.0# 40/60
60/LOO
5.0# 50/50
80/100
7.5# 60/40
100/100
10? 70/30
Each finish was checked for abrasion resistance, gloss and hard ness. For this study, the (Tabor Abrasion value, the 22* AaincoScott, and Snoop Hardness values were used.
- Abrasion Resistance
Since the high P/B product without polythene wore through to the substrate after BOO cycles, our evaluation was based on the weight loss after 500 cycles. The results show that abrasion resis tance is significantly effected by both the addition of polythene and variation in P/B ratio,
The use of 5.0# polythene caused as marked improvements in the abrasion resistance but additional amounts, 7.5# and 10,0#, did not make any significant change in this property. This Improve ment was noted at all. the P/B ratios studied.
Each of the p/B ratios studied resulted in a change in the abrasion resistance. As the P/B ratio is increased, at con stant polythene content and alkyd-uF ratio, we have a decrease in abrasion resistance.
Gloss
Each of the three variables studied significantly affected the gloss, A study of the data shows that increasing the polythene content the P/B ratio and the alkyd-UP ratio all tend to decrease the gloss*
Hardness
As expected, only the alkyd-GF ratio had a marked effect on the hardness of the system. Each of the four levels studied was significantly different - the greater the XJF content the harder the finish.
The numerical values are given on the attached tables.
The data can be found in notebook 5686, pages 78 to 87,
MARSHALL SALES DEVELOPMENT LABORATORY
TJNsalg
1/26/5?
Attach,
DUP030003640
REFERENCES
Philadelphia Laboratory Research Report Ho, 863
n m
Investigation CL-1-304-52
0L-I-376-52 TJHtaig 2/2/54
DUP030003641
tmmz
* values given are the average of three,
POLYTHENE O'
ilm
a
40/100
Tabea? Abrasion 22* yiminco-Scott Tukon Hardness
A 36.2* 53.4
13.9
hSL.
B 22.5 44,1 11.9
IM
0 17.5 47.4
8.2
10.O&
P 22.9 46,3
5,4
8$l
m
9.8
P/B 60/100
labor Abrasion 22* AMnoo-Scott Ittfcon Hardness
Ratio 80/IOO
Taber Abrasion 22* Amlneo-Scott Tukon Hardness
41.1 54.0 11.9
C 49.2 513..21
0^
38,4
8.9
D Slo
5.5
D 22.8 34.8
5.7
A 23.6 12,2 13.2
A 19.9 14.0 13.2
24.0 7.8
11.9
26.6
35*3
9.9
100/100
Average
Taber Abrasion 22* Aiaineo-Scott Tukon Hardness
Tabor Abrasion 22* Aniinco-Scott TukonHrdnss
B 49,1 54.6
5.6
43.9 53.8
9.9
A
30.7 18.4 13.6
25.7 31.7 10.0
B 31.5
9.6 12,2
23.8 26,1
9.8
C 34.3
7.1 9.5
25.3
18,8
10.0
36,4. 22.4
10,2
Average
Alterd-BF Ratio
A rn 40/60
urn
D m 70/30
Tabor Abrasion
27.6 29,8 30.8 30.5
22* AEiinco-Scott
24.5 28.9 m
Hardness
13.5 12,0
8.7 5.5
TJNiaig 2/2/54
DUP030003642
TaaMyT?GiPA..aIsta;
Sum of Degrees of Kean
Source of Variance Squares Freedom
Square
P/S ratio
966,7 3 322.3
Polythene Level Allcyd-BF Ratio
3260,3 85.1
3 1086.8
3 28.4
Residual
428.4
38
11.3
Total
4740.5
47
Variance Ratio
28,6
96.4
2.5
At these degree of freedom* the variance test ratio to he
significant at 50$ level must he greater than 2.9.
The difference between two averages at the 95$ level is 4.8.
TOTsaig
2/2/54
DUP030003643
Source of Variance P/& Ratio Polythene level i&kyd-OR Ratio Residiial Total
(foosa
Degrees of Freedom TarMI,-^, ri rl i in.
Sum of .8dss*ft
3 4840,2
3 8193.3
3 1880,7 38 739,0
4? 15653*2
Mean Square 1613.4
2731.1 626.9 19.4
Variance 1 Ratio
83.2
141*8
32.3
The difference between two averages to be significant at the 95$ level must be in excess of 6*2 units
TJlsalg 2/2/54
DUP030003644 i
mwmss
Source of Variance P/3 Ratio Polythene level Alkyd-W Ratio Residual 'Total
Degrees of Freedom
3 3 3 39
47
Sum of Squares
1.6 0.2 448.2
18.2 468.4
Mean Sauare
0.6
0,07
182.7
0.5
Variance Test Ratio
1.2
0.1
365.4
The difference between two averages to be significant at the 95$ level snast fee la emcees of 1,2 wits*
TJHsaig 2/2/54
DUP030003645