Document K6qwYB3rq6Rg18kX87Z1ZzwNw

POSITION DESCRIPTION PLANT CaiFP rHFMTST AWOSTOH PLANT FEBRUARY 1970 I. FUNCTION Plant Chief Chemist is directly responsible for management of the plant laboratory and pollution control functions. Maintains an adequately trained staff of professional employes and assistants capable of providing Process Research, Pollution Control Engineering and Analytical services in support of plant manufacturing, cost and pollution goals. ' II. RESPONSIBILITIES INDICATORSOBJECTIVESGOALS 1970 A. Safety 1. Accident Reports Safety Statistics 1.a. Disabling injury frequency 0.0. b. Serious injury frequency 0.0. c. All injury frequency <1.0 . l.a. Disabling injury frequency 0.0. . .b. Serious injury frequency 00 c. All injury frequency <1.0. 2. Plant Dispensary First Aid Service 2.a. First aid services reflect expertise and sound judgment. b. Test to determine individual proficiency at first aid. 2.a. Plan and conduct first aid review siminar for all analytical employes by 9-1-70. b. Conduct three emergency tests to determine profi ciency in treating burns, heart attack, electrical shock. 3. Safety Meetings 3.a. All employes attend 100Z safety meetings. 3.a. Minimum of 90Z attendance at all safety meetings. 4. Safety Review 4.a. Safety review conducted 4.a. Formal safety review on all major lab conducted for: projects. 1. Trailer lab facility prior to occupancy. 2. Biphenyl tube prior to start-up. 3. Plant laboratories by 10-1-70. HGNS 0 7 9 * 7 1 II. RESPONSIBILITIES A. Safety (cont'd) INDICATORS OBJECTIVES GOALS 1970 2. 4. Safety Review (cont'd) 4.b. All research project work plans include safety review section. 4.b. All research project work plans include safety review section. 5. Accident Investigation 5.a. Reduce lab injuries to 0.0. 5.b. Solutions and inves tigation reflect knowledge of chemical and physical causes. 5.a. All lab injuries reviewed by three men to generate re commendations. 5.b. Lab personnel serve and/or chair AI committees as appointed. 6. Housekeeping Reports J 6.a. No safety hazards due 6.a. Minimum housekeeping to poor housekeeping. score 240. B. Cost 1. Budgets l.a. Minimize service dept, cost. b. Pollution control cost under control and accurate. c. Minimize cost and need for outside consulting services. l.a. Gross 914.35-914.46 1970 actual minimum . 10M below budget. b. Review cost distribution to 913.41, 914.23 and 914.24 by 7-1-70. Publish guidelines for charges. c. Review present use of consultants and employ only on sound justifi cation by 4-1-70. 2. Special Cost Reports 2.a. Minimum cost methods to comply with pollu tion legislation and community needs. 2.a. Develop two alternates for compliance with PCS and SO. guidelines report by 10-1-70. 3. 914.35 Overtime Report 3.a. Control overtime below 3.a. 1970 overtime 5Z maximum. 8.01. 4. Research and Development 4.a. Cost improvement Program program contributions $200,000/yr. 4.a. Cost improvement of $100,000 minimum. Z tV fttO SNOW 3. II. RESPONSIBILITIES INDICATORS OBJECTIVES GOALS 1970 C. Planning & Control 1. Manufacturing Improve- of Resources sent Plan l.a. All Process Research contributions to HIP achieve target, b. Pollution control and research programs current for! product HIP. l.a. 85X PR&D projects completed within time and achieve target, b. Pollution and research sections of MIP due as follows: PNP 4-30 HCl 5-15 Parathion 6-16 Aroclor 7-1 Bi^,Santov^x, ^ / 2. 1971 Annual Programs 2.a. PR&D Program issued 2.a. PR&D Program issued by 12-1-70. 12-1-70. b. Pollution Control Program issued by 12-1-70. c. All program revisions are formally recorded and assigned a Revi sion No. b. Pollution Control Program issued by 12-1-70, c. All program revisions are formally recorded and assigned a Revision No. 3. Five-year Manpower Plan 3.a. Combined R&D-Pollutioa 3.a. Combined R&D-Pollution Control Manpower Plan Control Manpower Plan published by 12-1-70. published by 12-1-70. 4. Work Plans 4.a. Minimum 701 manpower directed toward research program and pollution abatement. Review semiannually, b. Go - No Go decision points included for each quarter of work plan. 4.a. Minimum 70Z manpower directed toward research program and pollution abatement. Review semi annually. b. Go - No Go decision points included for each quarter of work plan. 5. Analytical Manpower Utilisation 5.a. Hours/sample analytical 5.a. Bours/sample analytical index at 0.j35. index at 0.38 YTD. 0 SNOW RESPONSIBILITIES D. Pollution E. Research INDICATORS OBJECTIVES COALS 1970 1. Control of plant discharge to eliminate adverse effect on operations. l.a. Reduce PCB discharges l.a. Complete research and to 10 ppb in all install facility for plant water, 70-90Z reduction in PCB discharges by 12/31/70. b. Comply with govern* b. Complete evaluation of mental regulations for alternates and develop SOg ground level concen premise for compliance tration. with regulations by 12-31-70. c. Front ditch under c. Publish HC1 neutralization control pH 3.5 Min. guidelines by 3-1-70. HC1 - NBA. Assist production in operating per guideline. d. Snow Creek quality d. Publish Parathlon waste pH - 4.0 Min., PHP - treatment guidelines by 1 ppm Max., Parathlon - 6-1-70. Assist production <0.1 ppm. in operating per guide line . 2. Pollution Control Board 2.a. Monthly review with 2.a. staff of present trends, legislation and programs underway. Establish Pollution Control Board by 4-70 to a) inform, b) decide,c) take action on pollution issues. 3. Pollution Control Program 3. a. Annual program to coor- 3.a. 1970 program published by dinace activities of 3-1-70. Production - TSD - Maintenance. 4. PCB Analytical Services 4.a. PCB lab and FDA-5460 4.a. equipment installed and on line by 5-15-70. PCB lab and FDA-5460 equipment installed and on line by 5-15-70. l. PR&D Reports l.a. 1970 program and l.a. 1970 program and revisions revisions completed completed with target with target deadlines. deadlines. b. Biphenyl Pilot Tube b. Biphenyl Pilot Tube start-up 4-15-70. start-up 4-15-70. c. Biphenyl Pilot project c. Biphenyl Pilot project generates cost improve generates cost improve ment of 200M in 1970. ment of 100M in 1970. II, RESPONSIBILITIES INDICATORS E. Research- (cont'd) 1. FR&D Reports (coat'd) 5. OBJECTIVES GOALS 1970 l.d. Minisum 250 mandays on Piloc Tube program in 1970. e. Comprehensive eval uation of Santowax C/ RB-40 completed by 9-23-70. Go-No Go by 8-14-70. l.d. 250 mandays effort on project in 1970 by J. L. Brown, J. T. Bell, and G. L. Arnett, e. Comprehensive evaluation of Santowax C/HB-40 completed by 9-23-70. Go -No Go by 8-14-70. F. Community and Governmental Relations 1. Knowledge of pollution law trends 2. Complaint Reports l.a. Pollution control plans l.a. Evaluate and covmuinicate developed with suffi plans of AWIC and AIA cient lead time prior through personal contact to enforcement to allow with staff at least compliance. quarterly. b. Maintain current legal opinion on Alabama law and potential effects on plant. Publish. c. Fully utilize the c. Invite govemstental rela corporate govern tions manager to plant mental relations for semi-annual status manager for the review. Anniston Plant to be up-to-date on. legislation. 2.a. No air or water complaints. 2.a. No more than 10 air pollution complaints. b. No water pollution complaints. c. Aid to develop program allowing 700 ppm Max. solids to city. d. Maintain "good neighbor" relations with all plant neighbors. Provide prompt investigation for all complaints. e. Develop formal report system for complaints and follow up. Review monthly. HONS 0 7 9 * 7 5 II. RESPONSIBILITIES G. Personnel IHDICATORS OBJECTIVES Ftrfomnce Appraisals, Development Plana l.a. Current, appraised RIG documents exist and training profile for all personnel. 2.a. Analytical employes have access to ICS type instruction in analytical chemistry. 6 COILS 1970 l.a. All RIG based appraisals are <14 months old. b. Training and development profiles are reviewed each six months for ail employes. c. All position descriptions are reviewed annually by 12-1-70, 2.a. Develop ICS program to allow home study for analysts and technicians by 4-1-70. H. Relationships 1. Reports to TSD Superintendent. Appraised by TSD Superintendent. Administers: Process Research and Development Pollution Control Engineering Analytical Lab Service l.a. Kinimuir of above adequate performance l.a. Minimum of above adequate performance. 9 d * 6 d 0 SNOW HONS 079477 uu&JklaiJdum:* in docidlng whoro priorities lie, It is surely no more important to study tho possibility of poisoning by food additives than to keep a vatch on friod potatoes. THE FCB STOKf UNFOLDS It has only reoently boon reoognleod that polychlorinated blphonyls (PCDs), widely used as plasticizers, lubricants and fire retardants and as vupour suppressors to prolong the residual life of lnseotioidee, are extremely stable compounds which resemble the orgsnoohlorlne lnsectloldes In tholr ability to persist In the environment* The similarity dooe not end there, for tholr retention times on the gas chromatograph axe close to thoso of some Struoturally-related organoohlorine pesticides such as DDT, and tholr unsuspected presence Interfered in the past with analyses of MIT in biologloal nUorlM (BIBHA Bull. 1970, 2. 363). Tho realiaUlon of their porslstsnoo in the environment was reflected last October in an order from the US Department of Agriculture's Pesticides Regulation Division that the ueo of FCBs and polyohlorinAted terphenyla ao aotive or inaotlvo ingredients In pestiolde formulations should be phased out within 6 months, sinos any benefits derived from this application wero "outweighed by the resulting environmental contamination and the possible long ranme advereo effects on fish and wildlife" (Pood Chemical News 1970, _1_2 (35), 20)* A few wooks later the PDA asked its 17 Dletrlot Offioss to survey foodstuffs for contamination with PCBe, giving particular attention to liquid Bilk (ibid 1970, 12. (35). 5). The PDA announcement noted that studies on tho effects of FCBs on growth, mortality and reproduction were in progress and referred to indic ations that these ohemteale might lnomso the toxloity of pestioldee (BIBBA Bull. 1970, 2, 90). Comparatively littl* is known about BOB toxloity and a reoent study has shown that its assessment is considerably confused by other oompounde oouxaonly present In commercial FCBs (ibid 1970* it >77l Vos st al. Pd Cosnet, Toxicol. 1970, 9, 625). Earlier reports have associated ingestion of PCBs with liver"damage in rats and guinea-pigs and lesions resembling 'ohiok-oedeaa* in the oliiok and quail, but Vos et al. (loc.olt.), oomparlng the oral toxlolties and analyses of three eonmerolal samples, found that high mortality, euboutaneoua and abdominal oedema and oentrilobular liver neorosls were produced in ohioks by only two of the samples, and hydroperioardius, a common offset of these two samples, was only occasionally associated with tho third. The analytical results and other toxloologloal evidonce indicated that these toxio effeots wore in fact duo not to the FOB itself, but to ohlorimted dibensofumns, principally the tetra- and pentachloro oompounde, present as impurities in only two of the commercial FOB produote. Just how widespread axe FOB reeiduos in wildlife? At the Nature Consorvanoy's Honks Wood Experimental Station, wild birds and their eggs have for soot years beon analysed for FOB as well as postiolde residues (BIBRA Bull. 1970, 2, 470) and Prestt et al. (fcwir. Pollut. 1970, J.* 3) havo now presented the results obtained so far. AnAlysos have been" oomplsted for a total of 196 livers from 33 species and 363 eggs from 29 peoles, obtained between April 1966 and August 1968. PCBs have beon deteoted in terrestrial spooles from most regions of Britain, in seabirds and all soublrd eggs from one wost ooast and two east coast colonies, and in most of tho freshwater speoies, whioh wore oolleoted principally from the Midlands mi ost in freshwm found in two Is raptors, in wh goneinlly oomlt mixed diet of maximum levels in the egg rea horon'o egg. ' ,'-DDB and 6 t1n with <1 f wore generally oompounde in b PCBs occurred Could the concerned* wit (loo.clt.) obt iroolor 1234 t (ig/day for 56 period, but tfc 254 ag/W4*y. contrast, the muse period wa steeper than m low doeo level leg paralysis kidneys and tw aao. The live although great 50^ aortal tty pm, while earn starved at the liver oonoentm stored mainly to have aeeuma The velat vague that no found In eerie centrations wa but unfortumt studied* Assw would have die 50?t with J9-30 could have earn Britain, but a autumn of 1969 1969, no.36). oaueo of the p Work by t that PCBe affe Koetrplo were with 0.5 or 5. the higtier doe PCB/Vg. When 1 kestrel liver HONS 079478 W-****4 1,Mt triil portent to study i. * wntoh on I Hod biphenyls jterdnnts and as aidoo, are no insootloldos \rlly dooo not iph oro oloeo lidos such as with analyses Tho mliaaiion October In an gulatlon is ao solivs or ttood out within woio "outweighed 'lo long rang* W* 12 (I es to ourvoy ittontion to <> of PCBs on :erred to indlolostlcldos '.'out FOB a conoldorably )CBe (ibid Rnrlior - in iwtp and -ek and quail, i enalyoou of ineous and wood in ohioks effoot of thoao i. Tho vd that thoao o ohlorlnntod hide, pronont tho Naturo nd thoir eggs Ido tvaiduoo W, i, 5) ivo boon eggit froai 28 liavo boon in aoabirda colonloo, and ucipnlly fro* -9 - tho Midlands and eastern and southern England. Liver residues were high est In freshwater fish-oatlng birds, levels of >00 and 900 ppa having been found In two herons fron Borbyohiro and Yorkshire, and in bird-oating raptors, in vhioh levels ranged fron 0-70 ppm, Birds that fod on numnls gonorally eontained sonevhat lover levels (0-50 ppm), while those on a nixed diet of oarrlon, birds and maimals and those feeding on lnseots bad maximum levels of 15 and 1 ppm respectively. The same pattern ves observed in the egg residue figures, the highest level deteoted being 80 ppm in a boron*e egg. The eggs of this speolss also contained a maximum of 26.5 ppm tt'jg'-DDE and 6.5 ppm dleldrin, but there were more eggs with xl pjw PCBs than with <1 ppm ,'-DDB or dieldrin, suggesting that of the three, PCBs were generally present in the cnallcot amount. Residue levels of the three oosipounds In kestrel livers followd the samo distribution, exoept that rcBs ooourrod at <2 ppm lees frequently than did dieldrin. Could the hlgtor residues deteoted have oaused the death of the birds oonoemod. without any contribution from other faotors? Prosit st ml. (loo.olt.) obtained an indication of the avian toxiolty of PCB by feeding Iroolor 1254 to Bengalese finohes at dose levels ranging from 26-1940 l/day for 56 days. Ho doso level produoed 100^ mortality over this period, but tho estimated dose oausing 50$ mortality was equivalent to 254 mg/Vg/dmy, although one bird died on less than 12 mg/Vg/day, In oontrast, tbs level of ,'-01)7 required to oause 50^ mortality over tho sane period was only about 19 mgyfcg/day, but the mortality ourve was much steeper than with PCB, suggesting that the latter may bo the more toxlo at low dose levels. Boms birds dying fron PCB poisoning displayed apparent leg paralysis or body and wing trembling, and on autopsy all had enlarged kidneys and two showed considerable amounts of fluid in tho perloardial sao. The liver concentration of PCB increased with Increasing dose levels, although great variation was observed at eaoh level \ at the dose oausing 50% mortality the mean liver oontent was >45 PP with a range of J9-J070 ppm, while one bird survived with a liver oonoontxatlon of 6J4 ppn. Bird* starved at tho end of the feeding period had a significantly increased liver oonoentration of PCB. In normally fed birds, however, PCB mi stored mainly In the depot fat, as was shown in one bird vhioh was found to have aoounulated 9/t f the total dose by the end of tho experiment. The relationship between liver PCB oonoentration and death was ao vague tint no definite oonolueions oould be drawn aa to the high levels found in oortain prodatory birds. A high ratio of brain-to-liver con centrations was muoh more olossly correlated with mortality in the flnoh, but unfortunately brain level n were not measured In any of the wild birds studied. Assuming a similar sensitivity to tho finch, roughly yjL of birds would have died with liver residues of 5-560 ppm, 54^ with 22-1760 ppa and 50^ with 55-5070 ppm. On this basis it was thought unlikely that FCBs oould have oaused widespread lethAl toxicity in wild predAtory birds in Britain, but no reference was made to the maee deaths of soabirdo In the autumn of 1969 (BlfiRA Bull. 1969, 8, 5541 Bourne A Moad, B.T.O. Howe 1969, no.56). It was ooneldered, However, that PCBs oould be a component oause of tho present brooding failure reported in several epeoles. Work by Llnoer A Peaknll (Nature, Lond, 1970, 228, 76>) oonfixmed tint PCBo affoot hoanone metabolism in birds at very low dose levels. Koutrel* wore fed for 5 months on dead oookerels which had boon injeoted with 0.5 or 5.0 ppm Aroolor 1254 or Aroclor 1262 dissolved in sssamo ell, the higher dose being roughly equivalent to a dose for the kestrel of 2 mg PCB/fcg. When at the end of this period the mieroeomal fraction from the koetrel liver was lnoubated with oostxadiol in vitro, a doeo-dependent fmqi'Mu'pv/aip iteegi 0794,, - to - breakdown of tho oestradlol to * more polar metabolite took placo. There wao no apparent difference betweon the effeote of tho two PCBb, and no uoh oonvorelon ooourred with the livers of control birds fed cockerels injeoted with eesosio oil alone. In a further study on kestrels givon 5 ppu Aroolor 1254# this increase In hepatio-cnayme aotlvlty was correlated with an lnoreaoe In cytoplasmlo RNA, suggesting that the motion of PCB was similar to that of DDT and its metabolites. FOB residues in seabirds appoar coomonplaoe (Prestt at al. loc.olt.) and high reslduos have been reported In birds from the Irish 8ea(BIBKA Bull. 1969# 8, 554) and the Bsltio (ibid 1970# 2# 120). The souros of suoh residue? in the marine environment has been something of a mystery* for whloh Holdon (Nature, Lond, 1970# 28# 1220) now offore a probable solution. High PCB concentrations have Veon deteoted in water from the firth of Clyde in reoent years, and levels of up to 2.6 ppm have been found In olupoold fish from that area. In the autumn of 1969 analysis of samples of .surfaoe and sub-surface water and of txunk-eewor effluents betwoon tho estuary mouth and Glasgow failed to reveal any looal dlsoharges of PCB. A oloso resemblance was found, however, between tbs gas-liquid ohromntogxome of extracts from oruds sewage sludge, normally dumped in deep water 6 miles south of the estuary mouth at the rats of about 1 million wet tone/year, and tbosa of some eoseierolal FCBe. Estimated PCB ocnosntratlons were In the range <0.1-14 ppa (wet weight) or 1-165 ppm (dry volght). A simple calculation revealed that the mean PCB level of 1 ppm (found in 15 samples of vet sludge weighted aooordlng to the pro portions dumped) would lead to an annual PCB discharge into the Clyde estuary of about 1 ton. Crude sludge from Manoheater and London oontalned respeotlvaly about 2 and 0.2 ppm PCB, suggesting that about 1 ton of PCB liooora is similarly discharged Into both the northern Irish 8ea and the Thamoe estuary every year. Tho PCBa in this sludge oome from industrial waste whloh is normally eombined with domoetlo sewage for treatment. When it la considered that some ooastal towns dieoharge untreated wastee direotly into the sea, while in Inland areas treated sludge la ooomonly spread on the land, the ease with whloh PCBs oan enter both the marine and terrestrial ecosystems beoomoe obvious. That PCBs may also enter foodstuffs direotly as a result of contamin ation from peokaglng ia indioatid by tbs findings of Bailey st al. (Cbeay Xnd. 1970# .JO, 705). One sample of ground oashsw nuts, analysed at the Pest Infestation Control laboratory as part of a routine survey for pestloide residues In imported foodstuffs, was found to oontain about 10 ppa of a PCB oontalnlng 40?t ohlorlne. Onllke other samples from tho eamo hlpmont whloh were free from PCB* this sample had been reoelved in a laoQuered oardboerd drum, whloh on analysis proved to oontain 200 ppm of tho eamo FOB. 8imilar drums were used in the laboratory to store empty gelatins oapsulst Intended for toxloologloal feeding, but fortunately no PCB oould be deteoted In the oepsules. PCBs wore found, hovover, in most othor samples of oardboerd analysed, and the ease with whloh oontamlnatlon from this source oould ocour is emphasised. Tho gradual slope of the avian mortality ourvs for PCBs presented by Prestt at al. (loo.pit.), lndioatlng that these compounds may oauso deaths at low doeo levels (albeit in only a mnall proportion of birds), and the ability of PCBo to induce mlorosomAl enzymes at a dietary level of only 0.5 ppm (Llnoer A Poakall, loo.olt.) suggests that even low residues of PCBs in the environment oould preeont some threat to wildlife. Whether a 'W'fW'9" ynr*' ,T1"* ban like that ia| is another mattas PCB manufacturer* for uses other I) (Pood Chemteal It to introduoo a n produots like pa public-spirited 1 obviated, Beporta on able rets sine* our understands fairly slow. Mi which bae bson olnogsns known. (Myoologla 1970, grounds of groat and retlos of t) olassifioation. One of tfem growing AP lit# Barnes as tbs 4 for Applied lao Barnes points eaten at any pa beoauss ehanom any particular Information ana survsyo of food be most heavily with fungi may However, c produots are at has always sssr produotion by A Marlh (j, Dili} Roquefort, Com* from AP (8hlh I (Xlsxmoisr 4 (b idem, lbl& 197* varieties, bit amounts of AP 1 although on Qm Claarly tbs rti and humid ohaa* a, >) meal and mixed was suoh that The potOB HQ HS 079480 k plaoo. Tlioro FORe, and no rod cookeryis :>lrola glvon 5 wo correlated ielio or JPCB ^`L^sllra' * !'Im> oouroe of * of myetory, ro * probable water fro* the vi hivo boon 9C9 analysis of jr effluonts looal dlsohargoe 1*0 gue-UquJd ly dumpod In of about 1 JtotJjMted PCB or 1-18J ppm . ICB lovtl of f> to ttio proo It* Clyde London contained it l ton of BOB oh Boa and tho irh if normally onsldered that a tho oooi vhilo 'nd, tho oaoo icooyatoao Jit of oontomlny cl *1. (Ohomy jlyood at tlio irvoy for ilaln about 10 '* from the eaao -civod in a iin 900 ppa of '' etore empty ('ortunatoly no 'wovor, in most h oouUmlnation prooontod by *9 poo doathe rdo), and tho ovol of only * rselduos of fo. Vhothor a - 11 - ban like that imposed on certain organoohlorine peetioldes vill be neoeeeary ie another matter. In the USA, Monsanto Chemical Coxp., one of tho major PCB manufacturers, is reported to have dleoontlnuod sale of PCB products for use8 other than in 1olosod systems' such as elootrloal transformer* (Food Chemloal Hews 1970, (35l 6) and in the TO a similar move is afoot to introduce a voluntary ban on uncontrolled use of these compounds in produots like pelnto and varnishes (Sunday Times, 3 January 1971). If this publlo-spirlted move suooeeds the meed for legislative measures vill be obviated. > AFLATOXJH--A HARDY ANHUAL . Reports on aflatoxin (A?) have oontinued to he published at a consider ; able rate alnoo our last review (BIBRA Bull. 1970, , 273) but progress in ! our understanding of the health hnrard presented by this toxin remains j. fsirly slow. Many attains of the Aspergillus flavue group oan produce AF, v vhiob has beon shown to be, for soeto animale, one of the most potent oar- [ olnogens known. In a study of some 28 of these strains, Beeeeltlno et si. : (Hycologia 1970, 123) were unable to distinguish betwesn them on ' grounds of gross morphology or biochemistry and found that the presenoe : and ratios of the various types of AF appeared to bo the beat baola for olasslfloatlon. . One of the more notable of the reoent contributions to the over >. growing AP literature is a toploal survey of the problem given by Dr. J.M. j games at tbo Seoond 8tenhoueeWllli(UBe Memorial Leoture to the 8oclety * for Applied Baoteriology (Barnes, J. appl. Baet. 1970* 12, 283). Dr, , Barnes points out that there is little point in trying to analyte food t eaton at any particular time in order to find out whether it contains AF i beoause otanoa plays too great a part in determining the degree to vhloh \ any particular harvests or batohss of stored food may be oontaninated. Information must be obtained at a muoh earlier stage, with adequate surveys of food harvesting and storage, so that tlie populations that may be most heavily exposed to food regularly or intermittently contaminated . with fungi may be identified. . - However, many reports on the levels of AF oontaninatlon in food produots are atill compiled and remain of some passing interest. Cheese ' has always evened a likely candidate to play host to AF and, indeod, AF ' production by Anporgilll has beon demonstrated in Cheddar cheese by Lie A Marlh (j, Dairy Sol, 1967, 0, 1706). Bovevor, more reoently, samples of i Roquefort, Camembort and domestic blue cheose were all found to be free j from AF (Shih A Marth, ibid 1969, l6dl). Similarly in a German study J (Klemeler A Groll, %, Lebensmlttelunters. u. -Foraoh. 1970, 14}. 01 idem, ibid 1970, 142 120), no AF was found in 169 samples of 19 oheose varieties, but artificial infection with A. flavue resultod in large amounts of AF Bi on Tilsit ohoese under favourable environmental oonditlons, although on Caineabort and Romadur the growth of the fungus was inhibited. Clearly the right oonditione for AF oontaninatlon are present in some hot and humid oheose factories. A further German papot (Splcher, Brot Gebilck 1969, 2, 149) has shown that AF may occasionally bo formed in soma whole meal and mixed breads. However, the state of deterioration of the bread was suoh that it was unlikely to have beon eaten. The potential formation of AF during the storage of meat in display MON S 079*81