Document K6oqX2e2NoYmvg09XgQnV9R92

DRAFT TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR VINYL CHLORIDE Prepared by: Sciences International, Inc. Under Subcontract to: Research Triangle Institute Under Contract No. 205-93-0606 Prepared for U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICE! Public Health Service Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry / 9^ ^ ^5 ^ * / \p> August 1995 'ORAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT*** BFG 00045 VINYL CHLORIDE 4. PRODUCTION, IMPORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL 137 4.1 PRODUCTION Production of vinyl chloride monomer in the United States was approximately 13.75 billion pounds in 1993 (C&EN 1994; USITC 1994), an increase of nearly 22%. This exceeds the latest available U.S. estimated total production capacity figures (beginning of 1993) of 12.79 billion pounds at the beginning of 1993 (SRI 1993) and represents a substantial recent increase in production and capacity, even if vinyl chloride production is at full capacity. Previously, vinyl chloride production had grown only 1-5% per year over the last 5 years (C&EN 1994). Over the last !0 years, vinyl chloride production has grown at an average rate of about 7%, not including the large increase in 1993, although production volumes were fairly volatile (C&EN 1994). Vinyl chloride is currently produced in the United States by 10 companies at 12 facilities, which are as follows (SRI 1994); Westlake Monomers Corporation in Calvert City, Kentucky; Borden Chemicals and Plastics in Geismar, Louisiana; Dow Chemical in Oyster Creek, Texas, and in Plaquemine. Louisiana; Georgia Gulf Corporation in Plaquemine, Louisiana; PPG Industries in Lake Charles, <r?e.e*4 Louisiana; Vista Chemical Company in Lake Charles, Louisiana; -B.F. Goodrieh-Company in LaPorte. Texas; Formosa Plastics Corporation in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and in Point Comfort, Texas; Occidental Chemical Corporation in Deer Park, Texas; and Oxymar in Ingleside, Texas. Table 4-1 summarizes the facilities in the United States that manufacture or process vinyl chloride. This information was obtained from the 1992 Toxic Chemical Release Inventory (TRI92), and it summarizes the reported release data for 1992 (TRI92 1994). Table 4-1 also lists the maximum amounts of vinyl chloride that are present at these sites and the end uses of the vinyl chloride. Vinyl chloride was first produced commercially in the 1930s by reacting hydrogen chloride with acetylene. Currently, vinyl chloride is produced commercially by the chlorination of ethylene through one of two processes, direct chlorination or oxychlorination. Direct chlorination reacts ethylene with chlorine to produce 1,2-dichloroethane. Similarly, oxychlorination produces 1,2-dichloroethane, but this is accomplished by reacting ethylene with dry hydrogen chloride and oxygen. After both processes, the 1,2-dichloroethane is subjected to high pressures (2.5-3.0 megapascals) and temperatures 'DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT*** BFG 000(6 BFG DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT"* Table 4-1. Facilities That Manufacture or Process Vinyl Chloride Facility Location Range of maximum amounts on site in pounds Activities and uses : (T; Q: KEYSOR-CENTURY CORP. UNION CARBIDE CORP. FORMOSA PLASTICS CORP. GEORGIA GULF CORP. WESTLAKE PVC CORP. UNION CARBIDE CHEMICALS bf eooDniCH co,)^eois^% BORDEN CHEMICALS & PLASTICS DF GOODRICH CO-.>l-CON, Cs . AIR PRODS. & CHEMICALS INC. WESTLAKE PVC CORP. WESTLAKE MONOMERS CORP. VULCAN MATERIALS CO. BORDEN CHEMICALS & PLASTICS PPG IND. INC. SAUGUS, CA TORRANCE, CA DELAWARE CITY, DELAWARE CITY, PACE, FL TUCKER, GA HENRY, IL DE DE 1,000,000-9,999,999 10,000-99,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 100,000-999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 ILLIOPOLIS, IL LOUISVILLE, KY CALVERT CITY, KY CALVERT CITY, KY CALVERT CITY, KY GEISMAR, LA No Data 1,000,000-9,999,999 10,000-99,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 100,000-999,999 GEISMAR, LA No Data LAKE CHARLES, LA No Data CERTAINTEED CORP. VISTA CHEMICAL CO. FORMOSA PLASTICS CORP. SULPHUR, LA WESTLAKE, LA BATON ROUGE, LA 1,000,000-9,999,999 No Data 1,000,000-9,999,999 RHONE POULENC BASIC CHEMICALS DOW CHEMICAL CO. BATON ROUGE, LA PLAQUEMINE, LA 10,000-99,999 No Data (X s ^ A . r i- . O ' c- .V.i , u Cv ' c's A ( ,--r 1 f^ ( i > v A i ..A < v.... .A > I .A-u- As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant; - Ao a produe-fc- oroponot As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant Produce; For sale/distribution Produce; For on-siteuse/processing; As a by-product; As a reactant Produce; For on-site use/processing; For sale/ distribution; As a reactant Produce; For sale/distribution; As a by-product; As an impurity; As reactant As a reactant Produce; For sale/distribution Produce; For on-site use/processing; For sale/distribution; As a by-product; As a reactant Ancillary uses Produce; For sale/distribution; . a reactant; As a manufacturing \ aid; Ancillary uses .v u 'c M. , 'A PRODUCTION. IMPORT. USE. AND DISPOSAL c r C l s Facility Table 4-1. Facilities That Manufacture or Process Vinyl Chloride (continued) Location* Range of maximum amounts on site in pounds Activities and uses < 2-< --nSAFT FOR Pttfti 10 COMMENT- (j. BF GOODRICH CQ.> GEORGIA GULF CORP. PLAQUEMINE, LA PLAQUEMINE, LA No Data UNION CARBIDE CORP. HAHNVILLE, LA No Data MARINE SHALE PROCESSORS INC. AMELIA, LA 1,000-9,999 OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. ADDIS, LA 100,000-999,999 DOW CHEMICAL USA MIDLAND, MI 100,000-999,999 MILES INC. KANSAS CITY, MO 100,000-999,999 VISTA CHEMICAL CO. ABERDEEN, MS No Data OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. BURLINGTON, NJ 1,000,000-9,999,999 <r't DF GOODRICH CO > ( -c CV PEDRICKTOWN, NJ 1,000,000-9,999,999 GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. NIAGARA FALLS, NY 100,000-999,999 VYGEN CORP. ASHTABULA, OH 100,000-999,999 Co. AVON LAKE, OH 99-9- VISTA CHEMICAL CO. OKLAHOMA CITY, OK 1,000,000-9,999,999 OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. POTTSTOWN, PA 1,000,000-9,999,999 GREENWOOD PLATING GREENWOOD, SC 1,000,000-9,999,999 DOW CHEMICAL CO. FREEPORT, TX No Data M SHINTECH INC. O FORMOSA PLASTICS CORP. FREEPORT, TX POINT COMFORT, TX No Data No Data g UNION CARBIDE CHEMICALS & UNION CARBIDE CHEMICALS OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. RHONE-POULENC BASIC CHEMICALS GARLAND, TX TEXAS CITY, TX LA PORTE, TX HOUSTON, TX 100,000-999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 10.000-99,999 Produce; For on-site use/processing; For sale/distribution; As a reactant As a by-product As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant; Ancillary uses As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant, As a reactant(t-v- ,, . ^r -t ,t , Ap '* As a reactant As a reactant As a product component Produce; As a by-product; As an impurity; As a reactant; As a chemical processing aid Import; For on-site use/processing; As a reactant Produce; For on-site use/processing; As a by-product; As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant Ancillary uses Ancillary uses n*n O c q oz 2 s 3H) *)'s /m I o Q m 3 co > (l. c-~-'--lr` i --X o- } < 1^- e< , * C,, i - . C _ r< s. V C. v I'v- -V- -v"- Cl-_ <' M i i v rA si . Table 4-1. Facilities That Manufacture or Process Vinyl Chloride {continued) Facility ^ OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. (fc. Bfi"oooDraen co> 6e.on OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. (J GEON CO. OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. BONDCOTE CORP. Location PASADENA, TX DEER PARK, TX DEER PARK, TX LA PORTE, TX GREGORY, TX PULASKI, VA Range of maximum amounts on site in pounds Activities and uses No Data No Data No Data No Data 100,000-999,999 As a reactant < As a reactant Produce; For sale/distribution Produce; For sale/distribution Produce; For sale/distribution As a formulation component PRODUCTION, IMPORT. USE, ANO OISPOSAL ` DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT**' Source: TRI92 1994 * Post office state abbreviation used (is cV ^ lCi * ^, 'A ' --T"L-___V - ^ - A t ^ . .V. o ^_,5 j't i 7 r<l\ BFG