Document JvvVX6jVBLj1GVdvLqwQRdnyX

E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & COMPANY KREBS PIGMENTS DEPARTMENT 256 VANDERPOOL STREET NEWARK. NEW JERSEY Serial No. XH-48~1$ Copy No, ,, 1 Numerical Period Covered: NEWARK PLANT PIGMENT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT Final Report COMSUSTIOB MSA CHROME YELLOWS, CHROME GREEKS, IROH BLUES 1947-1948 njmx*n FILE: DATE: 114 0 4 Attg* 19, 1940 N42161 Copy to* #1 - Numerical Fllo 2 - Researofa Office (114.4) | - Library File (114.4) 4 - #10 Building File f- V. ORalapski, Plant Files - C. O. Atkinson, Newark 7 * W. F* Spengeman, Newark 8 - Extra Serial No. KH-48-12 Copy Bo* l NEWARK PLANT PIGMENT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT Final Report TITLE* COMBUSTION RATA CHROME YELLOWS, CHROME Ml, IRON BLUES PERIOD COVEREDI 1947-1940 CHARGEt BOB * 3, 4 and 5* APPROVED BY* J I * MORRISON CUy RATE mmn Aug. 19, 1948 DUP050066984 ISTRODtJCTIQHl this report summarizes data accumulated during the peat two years relative to the Ignition temperatures and other combustIon pro perties of Chrome fellows. Chrome Greens, and Iron Blues. These data were developed in conjunction with the work on dry blending of Chrome Greens and the non-dusting treatment of Iron Blues. Host of the work done concerned the G-604-0 line of Chrome Greens and its yellow component Y-572-D since several flrea occurred in the grind shop while processing these materials. Laboratory tests indicate the combustibility of Y-572-D to he due to the presence of Ammonium Naphthenate and Para 8oap which are used as texture treating agents. Standard treated material was found to burn at 356F whereas a sample from a lot (58645) made without Naphthenate or Para Soap had not burned at 450F. Ignition temperatures of the G-604-D line of greens ranged from 34QF(G-604-D and G-605-0) to 450F (G-648-0). Samples of a G-605-0 mix, made using the untreated 1-572-0 (lot 58645) as ths yellow component, ignited at 435F * or almost 100 higher than the standard type 8-605-B* Samples of 1-561-0, the yellow component of tho G-550-0 line of greens, could not be ignited. When treating agents (Naphthenic acid, Para Soap, Turkey Bed Oil) wire added to the dry 1-561-0, however, ignition occurred (only the treating agenta seemed to burn in these oases). Test conducted with samples of 0-550-0 and G-553-0 confirmed this since their combustion points ware 400P and 440F respectively. Tests conducted on samples of continuous process chrome yellows showed that the Light Yellows 1-404-0 and 1-405-0 could not be ignited even though they contained 1# Petronate. Medium Yellow Y-469-D containing more than 0.551 Petronate burned at 285?$ 1-469-08 and 1-424-0 did not burn. previous evaluation of 8-216-0 and non-dusting B-278-B ( (Mentor 29 treated 8-216-0) tested both as blues and greens (8-593-8) each gave ignition points of 430 - 450F. In summarising these results the following conclusions may be dream 1. The use of Petronate <0.5)5 or more) Para Soap, Naphthenic Acid or Para Soap as treating agents for Chrome Yellows causes a lowering of the ignition temperatures. DUP050066985 2 - Stadium Yellows (89$ or more Lead Chromate) coataiming more than 0.5$ Petronate will burn at 285F. 3 * Light Yellows (containing about 60-70$ Lead Chromate-tand 30-20$ Lead Chromate,respectively) will not burn even when treated with 1$ Petronate* Hie Petronate does decompose, however, causing a discoloration of the pigment* 4 - Shading Yellow Y-561 acts in the same manner as the Light Yellows (3). 5 Shading Yellow Y-572 burns violently at 356F 6 - Shading Yellow Y-572, made without the standard Haphthenate and Para Soap does not burn below 4?0F. 7 - The G-550-D line of Greens is not combustible below 450F (When the blue component is non-dusting B-216-D, the ignition temperature is 430P for G-553)* 8 - The G-604-D line greens burn in the range 340-450F 9 - Hon-dusting B-278-D (contains +7$ Mentor) burns at 440 (the same as untreated B-216-DT* the data accumulated during this study are filed in DSH-48-8. mmmm* ior.47-25* SC-330 47C1471 May 26, 1947. I. Du Pont da Hemours & Co., Ine. Wilmington, Delaware, Attention* Mr, H. L. Miner, Manager Safety and fire Protection Division Your Pile OH-332 Gentlemen* In compliance with your letter of April 24* 1947, addressed to Mr. A. 7. Matsoh, we have conducted dust-explosIon teste and Ignition temperature tests on two samples of dry powder colors submitted by you* These samples, marked '0-550-D" and MG-553-D", were stated by you to be chrome green produced by mixing iron blue with lead chromate. Following is our report giving the test methods employed and the results obtained, together with our comments thereon. Dust-explosion tests of these pigments, ineluding deter mination of the approximate lower limit of flammability of the dust in air, were conducted in a small bomb of the modified Cleaent-Fraser type (1409-ee capacity), using a barium peroxide-magnesium pellet source of Ignition, This apparatus, and the test procedure, are described in our report to you, NC-330. dated March 14, 1941 (your Pile QS-331.2), Dry color powder *G-550DH when disseminated in air in the small bomb in concentrations ranging fro 0.100 to 3.000 os, per cuft, did not propagate flame (explosion) beyond the vicinity of the source of ignition. In all explosion tests of this powder, the pressure developed within the bomb was less than 1/2 psi. N42161.01 DUP050066986 SC-330 -2- Say 26, 1947 Cry color ponder ''Q-553-D" is definitely capable of propagating flans whan disseminated in air in sufficient quantities in the presence of a source of ignition. The lower limit of flammability of this dust in air Is approximately 0.025 os. per eu.ft. (25 mg per liter) Explosion pressures developed during the tests are shown in fable I. The explosion pressure increases with the concentration of dry powder color "0-553-0" disseminated in the bomb, due perhaps to the oxidising effects of the lead chromate as well as reaction with oxygen of the air. Somewhat higher explosion pressures would therefore be expected to is developed by concentfations of *0-553-0* in exoess of 2.0 os. per en.fi., but it will be noted that pressures developed in explosion tests of this dust in the small bomb are not necessarily the maximum pressures Which may be encountered during explosions of the dust in industrial buildings and equipment* fhe pressures obtained in the bomb are within the range capable of causing damage to many types of building construction. In explosions of a dust, the pressure is a function of the degree of sub-division of the dust and its concentration in air, and is influenced by the form and dimensions of the enclosure, the initial temperature, pressure and turbulence. fhe ignition temperature (autogenous) of the dry powder colors was determined by dropping varying amounts (up to 25 grams) of the powders into a glass flask surrounded by a solder bateh which was heated at a constant temperature during the test hy a thermostatically controlled electric furnace, fhe flask was of conical form with fiat bottom, 4-1/2 in., (11,4 cm ) in height, 2-3/8 in. (6.0 cm) in diameter at bottom, and 1-1/8 in* (2.8 cm) in diameter at top. It was of about 160 ml capacity, (rated capacity 125 ml) having a ratio of surface area to volume of about 1.1. fhe temperature of the solder bath was measured hy a calibrated thermocouple provided with a quarts tube to protect the hot Junction. fhe minimum temperature at which ignition occurred under the above conditions was considered as the autogenous ignition temperature. The autogenous ignition temperature of dry powder color "0-550-0* was found to be 217 C (422.6F). fhe autogenous ignition temperature of dry powder color "G-553-0" was found to be 18$ C (370.4 F). * DUP050066987 w*m -3* May 26, 1947 Some ignition teats of each powder ware also conducted in which a small conical pile of powder was nade over a snail coil of Chroael wire, the coil being completely covered by powder* Pre-daterainsd voltage, sufficient to beat the Cfaromel wire to bright glowing, was then applied to the coil* Under these con* ditionu, powder Q-550-Drt Ignited and burned with dull-red glowing* Powder fiQ-553~BK burned somewhat wore slowly than nG-550-D, hot there was aore brilliant glowing and occasional bursts of sparks approaching deflagration* Although dry powder coloris aore likely to pro pagate flaae when disseminated in air In the presence of a source of ignition than is MG-550-DB, both materials arc combustibis and in the fora of piles are capable of burning if ignited* if there are any questions on the foregoing, please do not hesitate to write us. fours very truly, fasts by* A. B. Haitre J. ? Breen a. E. DUFOUB Asst* Chemical Engineer Reviewed by A. F. MATSON Chemical Engineer DUP050066989