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s;,pCs P. B, Evans, Lais,
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R. G. Stauffer, Lab,
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Marshall Laboratory May 12, 1952
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MEMORANDUM REPORT HO. k59: 1 f ?w3,ji4
DRYING'OF HOUSE PAINTS WITH MALEIC MODIFIED LINSEED OIL
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It had been found in previous work during 1951 that Archer-Daniels-Midland5 s Zymol, a maleic modified linseed oil, made a marked improvement in the drying time of house paint when it was used as the total vehicle in place of linseed oil in 301-385 #40 Outside 'White. Ibis oil was not considered for immediate use as the total vehicle because of the' danger of poor durability which might result from the extremely low solids of the paint. More complete exposure coverage has been made in Series #12560.
The purpose of this work was to determine what improve ment in drying might b made by using maleic modified linseed oils in place of the bodied il portion of the house paint vehicle. The oil blends used in these experiments are shown in Table I along with the physical properties of the individual oils. The experi ments were designed to determine the effects on drying of the following variables:'
(a) Maleic modified linseed oil versus bodied linseed oil at equal vehicle viscosity'and at approximately equal paint solids,
(b) Total vehicle viscosity: 2 poises versus 5 poises,
(c) Viscosity of bodied oil portion of the vehicle; ST body versus Z2-Z3 body.
Results of these tests are shown in Table IX.
Summary and Conclusions:
a. A significant and substantial improvement in drying to the "tack free" stage is obtained under all test conditions of tempera ture .and humidity by using maleic modified linseed oil in place of
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'linseed oil as the bodied oil portion of the paint vehicle. there is no improvement in' drying to the "firm stage by using maleic modified linseed oil.
b. A significant improvement in tack free time at C.T.R, and 10080$ R.H. conditions is obtained by using Z-2 bodied oil rather than "S" bodied oil, at equal total vehicle viscosity, there was, however, an interaction in this determination between the viscosity of the bodied oil and the type of bodied oil. table III shows that this difference in 4rying time is significant
only when bodied linseed oil is used. When maleic treated oil is used as the bodied oil portion, there is no significant difference between the high and low viscosity maleic treated oil.
In drying to the "firm" stage the interactions are again predominant. Small but significant difference between high and low viscosity bodied linseed oil show the high viscosity oil drying faster at CTR and 100F? 80R.H. conditions. At 43F| 80$ R.H., the low viscosity maleic modified linseed oil dries significantly faster than the high viscosity Zymol.
c. There is generally faster drying to the "tack fre" stag with the higher viscosity total vehicle than with the lower vis cosity vehicle. There is a small but significant difference in favor of the high viscosity vehicle in drying to the firm stage only at CTR conditions.
If it is desired to use maleic modified linseed oil to improve the drying of house paint, either the low viscosity Triad V-14 or the high viscosity Zymol could be used equally well. The determining factor in choosing between the two would' probably be raw material costs and handling charges. This might be in favor of the Zymol because of the smaller quantity required to obtain a desired overall viscosity.
Action?
Because of the failure of maleic modified linseed oil to Improve drying to the "firm" stage there Is no need for further action- at this time. Sales Department is now testing a product, 301-894, with improved "firm" time and improved color. The vehicle in 301-894 is 100$ H6l3, maleic modified soya oil. It is considered that a reduction in "tack free" time is of less importance than improvement in "overall" drying;,
Experimental? '
,
The drying tests, whose results are given in Tables IX and III, were conducted according to W. P. Singleton's memorandum dated December 27, 1951 entitled "Tests to Characterise Initial
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Properties of White House Paint"* Pour determinations were obtained in each test for each of the paints shown in fable X, Therefore, each of the results in fable II is the mean of sixteen determinations for each variable shown.
All of the paints in these tests had the pigmentation and drier concentration of 301-892s high gloss #40 Outside White. So attempt was made to determine the optimum drier concentration for each vehicle* The vehicle in P-30l-D~21441 is the closest in composition to the vehicle in 301-892 which has a 70/30 blend of H-19/PO-5372.
Subsequent to the above tests three samples of low viscosity maleic modified oil were received from Areher-DanielsMidlands* These are listed as the last three oils on fable I* The first two of these oils have somewhat lower maleic anhydride content compared to their Zymol while the third has about the same level of maleic content. These oils were used as 100% of the vehicle in 301-892 and tested for drying under Constant' ' Temperature Hoorn conditions only. These oils showed no advantage over the above blends with standard maleic treated oils, so tests under other conditions of temperature and humidity were not made*
References
Details of compositions and drying tests are located in Notebook #3843*
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