Document JrKwr1bp2wOnZoVBjejX4qdd6

The American Ceramic Society PLAINTIFFS * EXHIBIT * 011.55>.0C> February 15,1993 I hereby certify that the attached copies of Ceramic Abstracts, Volume 24,1945, are true and accurate copies, which are maintained in the normal course of business at the American Ceramic Society, 735 Ceramic Place, Westerville, Ohio 43081. I cannot verify the accuracy of copies from Chemical Age, Volume 51,1944. Christine Schnitzer Product Manager Ceramic Information Center 735 Ceramic Place Westerville, Ohio 43081-8720 614 890 4700 TWX: 7101109409 CERAMIC ABSTRACTS Compiled by The American Ceramic Society Volume 24/1945 Ross C. Pubst, Editor Maxy J. Gibb Emily C. Van Scboicx 2sii.a Williams ) > Assistant* ) Committee on Publications: R. L. Stonb, Chairman; H. W. Thxbmxocb, W. A. Weldon, K. C. Lyon, R. C. Potby, ex officio F. C. Arrance A. A. Ayars Martin Baker L. R. Barrett W. R. Beck I A. C. Bevan ' A. J. Biddulph R. G. Capell ABSTRACTERS L. C. Chadwick M. V. Condoide W. D. Foster V. D. Frichette R. A. Gregory P. Grodzinsld Max Hartenheim E. A. Hauser F. G. Heck R. A. Heindl J. F. Hornor M. Hoseh E. E. Howe F. J. Hurlbut G. M. Hutt G. A. Kirkendale B. B. Lane E. D. Maher R. W. McAllister E. P. Murphy, Jr. D. G. Pierce E. C. Pierce Alexis Pincus M. E. Poor Editorial OjHce: 2525 North High Street, Columbus 2, Ohio Publication Office: 20th and Northampton Streets, Easton, Pa. H. K. Richardson Margaret Roach B. C. Ruprecht A. B. Searle . L. Shattuck Hans Thumauer C. Wentworth Samuel Zerfoss ;o. 2 irtned This ; con* ed by s and third These then e pren this Jjs of 1300*. I-Si-O I into form* ielded s paid nation Amer. 1936)) n and erwin, .925)). t 950* s, and sterite t case, *,.tream 1200 nilarly at the re pro* ielded -hen it .ght to 5-Mgifter 3 Di and is con* >f 10% (M*> oduced O-SiO* ith re- of enlpared. iogram ited at countpproxi- The 7-Mg:.Ho. . , ' . * Bom 1, Dec. lEINXN 2.367,* 13-202). NCRU* : (April T> F. B. 5. Jan. .--The r which ora the iitharge oxidizuli and :g in an product .Oil. JONT DB Jan. 9, 1945 General 47 General Ceramics today. Anon. Chem. Age [London], 50 [1302 ] 550 (1944).--Ceramics are being used by manu facturers in place of plastics, steel, nickel, copper, alumi num, zinc, and rubber. Present-day industrial white- ware has characteristics that make it highly suitable for many industrial uses. Its resistance to abrasion is high. Almost the only materials that outwear whiteware are rubber-tire-tread stock and manganese steel; for some exacting uses, such as nozzles for sandblast equipment, the best ceramic nozzles will outlast manganese steel, and for lining coke chutes, bard vitreous tile is still in good condi tion when both steel and rubber linings are worn out. The compressive strength of ceramics ranges from 25,000 to 80,000 lb./sq. in. This compares with 9000 to 47,000 for aluminum alloys. 16,500 to 45,000 for thermosetting plastics, 7000 to 20.000 for zinc alloys, and 55,000 to 400,000 lor ferrous alloys. Ceramics are low in tensile strength (1500 to 10,000 lb./sq. in.). This deficiency can often be made up by increasing the thickness or other di mensions of the ceramic unit. Resistance to chemicals is high. Ceramic ware will withstand almost any compound except hydrofluoric acid. In hardness, it exceeds most plastics and nonferTOUs metals; it is equal to glass and softer than alloy steels and chilled cast iron. Obstacles to | the use of ceramic parts as substitutes for metal in complicated assemblies are the shrinkage and occasional warping that take place during firing, but dimensional tolerances sufficiently fine have been obtained by several newer molding methods. One method molds a part in the traditional manner but somewhat oversize. A preliminary firing shrinks the part to a certain extent but leaves it still oversize. ' The first firing is stopped while the material is still soft enough to machine with standard tools. Hie machining is done to allow an exact margin for the addi tional shrinkage that occurs during the second and final firing. In another method, exact parts are obtained by machining rods of fused mica and glass up to 1 in. thick. Mica and glass are not fired during the forming process because, unlike true ceramics, they soften at high tempera tures, but the mica-glass material can be used like por celain; it has the advantage of machinability and can be pressure molded like plastics. In a third method, care fully blended and moistened clays are molded under such heavy pressure that warpage is practically absent, and the result is a dense high-strength product. The fired product can be held to an accuracy of */ in. per inch of dimension, and further exactness can be obtained by grinding the finished article accurately to size. A.B.S. Classification of natural organic binders. Edward P. McNamara and Jay E. Comeforo. Jour. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 28 [1 ] 25-31 (1945).--14 references, 7 figures. Congress displays industry's war effort. Anon. Amer. Foundryman, 6 [6) 2-3 (1944).--The 48th annual conven tion of the American Foundrymen's Assn, is discussed. MAS. Findings from Foundation surreys of war plants. F. R. Holden and W. C. L. Hbmeon. Presented at meeting of Industrial Hygiene Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pa., Nov., 1944; abstracted in Safety Eng., 88 [6163-66 (1944).--The Teport discusses among other things the conversion of forms of quartz into tridymite and cristobalite, which are more destructive of animal tissue than quartz. Where the day-pot process is used in glassmaking, the reclaiming of the discarded pots produces a serious health hazard. Like wise, in the glass industry, furnace and tuille stones con tain about 15% cristobalite, and the principal silicosis hazard arises in departments where the clays and furnace and tuille stones are manufactured and handled. A survey of industrial hygiene in a portion of the ceramic industry is under way, and a report is expected in 1945 in which con clusions will differ somewhat from prevalent ideas. The report gives some consideration to dust control for masons in glass and similar plants and in particular to a portable exhaust unit for a brick-cutting saw in common use. Minimizing dust around clay and flint storage bins, etc., is touched upon. Investigations have also been made in a sand-washing plant to determine what additional meas ures for dust control might be necessary. M.R. Have you any idea what prospects want to know about your product? E. L. Sparks. Ind. Marketing, 29 (12| 51-52, 55 (1944).--S. discusses results of a survey made among engineering and industrial readers as to possible points to be emphasized in advertising construction equip ment and building materials. One of those submitting answers condemns the use of hammered or frosted gia in factory windows. He asks, "Why don't glass manu facturers advise owners or engineers to install a line of clear glass at eye level where the bulk of the windows are ham mered or frost glass:" Another wanted physical data pertaining to glass block. S. found the men interviewed to be practical, common-sense folk and felt that their sug gestions to manufacturers and advertisers should be heeded. M.R. Mist and dust collection. C. E. Lapple. Heating, Piping and Air Conditioning, 16 [7] 410-14; [8] 464-66; [10] 578-81 (1944).--L. reviews the purposes of mist and dust collecting and summarizes the characteristics of dust. The main reasons for industrial dust collection are (1) nuisance elimination, (2) improvement of product quality. (3) reduction of equipment maintenance, (4) elimination of safety and health hazards, and (5) recovery or collection of powdered products. To properly design industrial con trol equipment it is necessary to recognize and understand the fundamental properties and characteristics of gas dis- persoids. These include particle size (cement dust is one of the largest of common dusts), particle classification, ex plosion hazards, and health hazards. L. then the methods of measurement and the character of atmos pheric pollution. Dust fall, use of Ringelmann charts, impingers, precipitators, filters, and atmospheric pollution data are included. Finally, he covers the sampling of process and ventilation gases to determine the performance of dust-collecting equipment, to evaluate the need for in stalling a system, or to obtain information for design. 43.references, 4 illustrations. M.R. Noted engineer stresses research at meeting. H. F. Utley. Pit and Quarry, 37 [0] 76. 78 (1944).--At a meet ing held in Los Angeles, Nov. 9,1944, Stanton Walker dis cussed the research activities of the Nationa Sand and Gravel Assn, and the National Ready Mixed Concrete Assn. He devoted much time to the simplification of sizes for coarse aggregates as well as to the research develop ments in fine aggregates. It was decided to form com mittees of producers from the northern and southern parts of California to work jointly with committees of Govern ment engineers to facilitate reducing the large number of sizes of aggregates now being produced. 1 photograph. MJL Organization of research. A. Parker. Jour. Inst. Fuel, 17 [96] 154-58 (June. 1944); abstracted in Bull. Brit. Non-Ferrous Metals Research Assn.. No. 182, p. 220 (Aug., 1944).--P. characterizes organization of research in universities and colleges, special research institutes, in dividual industrial undertakings, cooperative industrial undertakings, and cooperative industrial research. The Department of Scientific and Industrial Research and the Fuel Research Station are described, and the selection of a research staff is discussed. Prevention of pneumoconiosis. Anon. Chem. Age [London], 51 [1312] 1S0-S1 (1944).--Pneumoconiosis is a group name for all lung diseases caused by dust particles; two forms of it are silicosis and asbestosis. The best methods of prevention are (1) replacement of the substance producing the obnoxious dust by a harmless one, e.g., alumina in place of flint for "dusting" and bedding in pot tery manufacture and artificial abrasive materials for sand stone in grinding; (2) prevention of the escape of dust into the workshop atmosphere, usually by means of hoods and air suction; (3) the use of respirators by all workers likely to be affected; and (4) copious general ventilation. In the British Isles, the Factories' Act, 1937, requires that pro vision shall be made for rendering harmless as far as prac / * 48 Ceramic Abstracts VoL 24. No. 2 ticable all dust. etc., that may be injurious to health: that means shall be taken for preventing the inhalation of dust;, and that persons shall be excluded from workrooms in which siliceous dust is produced during the intervals allowed for meals or rest. In addition, various regulations have been made for the control of special industries or processes; sandblasting may bfe done only in an enclosed chamber in which no other work is ordinarily performed and in which efficient means are provided to prevent the escape of dust outside the chamber. Another set of regula tions applies to processes carried out in quarries in which the stone contains at least 80% silica. Machines used for the crushing and grinding of stone must be entirely enclosed or provided with efficient arrangements to prevent the escape of dust. In deciding the harmfulness of dust, it is necessary to know its chemical and mineralogies! nature, its concentration, and other physical characteristics, in cluding the mass concentration, i.e., the weight of dust in unit volume of the dust cloud, the number of particles per unit volume, and the size distribution of the particles. Information about the size of the dust particles is necessary because it is unlikely that many particles larger than about 10 microns reach the deeper part of the lungs. The smaller dust particles are regarded as the more dangerous. Vari ous instruments have been devised for sampling air-borne dusts. They entrap the dust particles from a known volume of air on a glass surface or in liquid. The particles are then counted under the microscope; in some cases the particle diameters are also measured, and the particlesize distribution is thus ascertained. The available in struments differ considerably in their sampling efficiencies, so that for the same dust cloud different instruments may give substantially different results. The thermal precipi tator sampling instrument is highly efficient. The dust is deposited on two microscope cover slips which are subse quently mounted on slides. The dust particles are counted and measured under a high-power microscope. A.B.S. Enos A. Stewart, founder and owner of the Stark Brick Company. Anon. Bull. A mer. Ceram. Soc., 24 [1] 1-2 (1945).--1 photo. Symposium on the Organization, Direction, and Support of Research: Advancement of learning in the United States in. the postwar world. J. B. Conant. Proc. A mer. Phil. Soc.. 87 (41 291-98 (Jan. 29, 1944). Or ganization, direction, and support of research in the physical sciences. H. S. Taylor. Ibid., pp. 299-306. Discovery and interpretation of biological phenomena. D. W. Bronx. Ibid., pp. 307-12. Critique of medical research. A. Gregg. Ibid., pp. 313-20. Political econ omy in the modem state. H. A. Innis. Ibid., pp. 323-41. War and research in social science. R. F. Nicholls. Ibid., pp. 361-64; abstracted in Bull. Brit. Non-Ferrous Metals Research Assn., No. 185. p. 307 (Nov.. 1944). SEPARATE PUBLICATIONS Industry and Research. Anon. Federation of British Industries -Brochure, 24 pp. (Oct., 1943); abstracted in Bull. Brit. Non-Ferrous Metals Research Assn., No. 174. p. 370 (Dec., 1943).--The importance and achievements of industrial research, its present position and organization, and suggestions for development are presented. Consider able reference is made to research associations and to the need for their increased support. Scientific Research and the Universities in Postwar Britain. Anon. Parliamentary and Scientific Committee Brochure, 18 pp. (Oct., 1943); abstracted in Bull. Brit. Non-Ferrous Metals Research Assn., No. 174. p. 370 (Dec.. 1943).--After a concise demonstration of the case lor a great increase in industrial and all other types of scientific research in this country, the supply and training of re search personnel are considered. A two- or- three-fold expansion of university and other facilities for the training of scientists, with correspondingly increased Government financial support, is demanded. Fifteen "proposals" are formally stated. TECHNICAL BOOKS REPUBLISHED The following technical volumes have been republished in the United States under licenses issued by the Alien Property Custodian and are available to the industry at the prices indicated from publisher, Edwards Brothers, Inc., Ann Arbor, Mich. Eitel, Wilhelm (editor) Glastechnische Tabellen: Physikalische und chemische Konstanten der Glaser. Unter Mitwirkung von H. Alienhum ... u. a___ herausgegeben von Wilhelm Eitel, Marcello Pirani, und Karl Scheel. Berlin, Springer. 1932. xi -r 714 pp. Price S24.00. Eitel, Wilhelm Physikalische Chemie der Silikate. 2, vfillig neubearb. Aufl. Leipzig, Barth. 1941. rii 4- 826 pp. illus. Price $21.00 Koeppel, Claus Feuerfeste Baustoffe silikatischer und silikathaltiger Massen. Leipzig, Hirzel. 193S. xri + 296 pp. illus. (Chemie und Technik der Gegenwart. 18). Price $6.00. Saiming, Hermann Die phvsikalischen und chemischen Grundlagen der Keramik. Berlin, Springer. 1933. viii + 229 pp. Price $5.75. Schmid, Erich (CristaUpIastizitat. Berlin, Springer. 1933. 373 pp. Price $9.63. Smits, Andreis Die Theorie der Komplexitat und der Allotropie. Berlin, Verlag Chemie. 193S. xii + 372 pp. Price SS.50. Stronz, Hugo (editor) Mineralogischc Tabellen, im Auftragc der Deutschen mineralogischen Gesellschaft herausgegeben. Leipzig, Akademischc Verlagsgesellschaft. 1941. 2S7 pp. Price $7.33. Stuckert, Ludwig Die Emailfabrikation. ein Lehr- und Handbuch fur die Emailindustrie. Berlin. Springer. 1941. vi -*- 300. (2; pp. Price $9.00. Volmer, Max Kinetik der Phasenbilduug. Dresden, SteinkoplT. 1939. xii + 220 pp. Price $4.73. t. V W W -3 ta W *0 w S 9-2.-5 2 f L = -' " A ! .. 3 = 3 = s-II = = a 3 = 13 = " "S 2 23 2 2 3= 7 2 a = m * i 3 l # A ^ a fr r z rr 3 r > > c. ? r-2 > f; = 3"^'? 3 _ = * 3 " I = == I r x x r> >c. c>co <o