Document JrK90vEa15ZRrqpKoaNMj3Odr

39--Chemical Hazards exposures and acceptable air-bome concentra tions), see "Documentation of Threshold Limit Values," American Conference of Governmen tal Industrial Hygienists, P O Box 1937, Cincinnati, Ohio 45201 Column 7 Action on skin Local acbon on normal skin of the undiluted material A Relatively harmless. B Sensitizer--Can cause allergic reactions C Primary skin irritant--Brief contact can cause inflammation or bums 0 Can cause solvent irritation-type der matitis Column 8 NFPA hazard classifications Fires and other emergency situations may involve chem ical that have varying degrees of toxicity, flammability, and reactivity (instability and water reactivity) The National Fire Protec tion Association grading of these relative haz ards (under fire conditions) is given in the columns marked "NFPA Health" "NFPA Flammability," and "NFPA Reactivity" (See Fig 39-1 ) For a full description of the NFPA classifi cations, see NFPA Standard No 704M, Iden tification of the Fire Hazards of Materials A complete listing is given in NFPA Standard No 49, Hazardous Chemicals Data, and in Standard No 325M, Fire Hazard Properties of Flammable Liquids, Gases, and Volatile SoUds (Also see Chapter 43, "Fire Protec tion," specifically Identification of Hazardous Materials ) An explanation of the degrees of hazard follows. NFPA health hazards In general the health hazard m fire fighting is that of a single exposure which may vary from a few seconds up to an hour The physical exertion caused by fire fighting or other emergency may in tensify the effects of any exposure Health hazards arise from two sources (a) the inherent properties of the material, and (b) from the toxic products of combustion or decomposition of the material (Common 1204 FLAMMABILITY SIGNAL- REO ICALTH SIGNAL- REACTIVITY /I SIGNAL o Fic 39-1 --Correct arrangement and order of sig nals used on equipment for quick identification of material hazards For details, see NFPA Standard 704M, see also pages 1378-1380 hazards from burning of ordinary combustible materials are not included ) The degree of hazard should indicate (a) that people can work safely only with spe cialized protective equipment, (b) that they can work safely with suitable respiratory pro tective equipment, or (c) that they can work safely in the area with ordinary clothing A health hazard, as defined by the NFPA, is any property of a material which either directly or indirectly can cause injury or in capacitation, either temporary or permanent, for exposure by contact, inhalation, or in gestion The degrees of hazard under fire conditions are ranked according to the probable seventy of hazard to personnel, as follows 4 Materials which on very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury even though prompt medical treatment were given, including those which are too dan gerous to be approached without specialized See "Occupational Diseases," Bui No 1097, U S Dept of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1984 (Available U S Government Printing Office)