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^IliedSignal A Guide to Designing and Manufacturing Environmentally Friendly Products PLF U A DEFT EXHIBIT NO TO I TIN HWBUI0013679 Table of Contents What is Design for the Environment?..............................................................................................................................................4 Implementing Design for the Environment.................................................................................................................................... 6 Research and Design Engineering...................................................................................................................................................... 8 Process Engineering...........................................................................................................................................................................10 Manufacturing Operations...............................................................................................................................................................12 Marketing........................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 Packaging............................................................................................................................................................................................ 16 Product Lifecycle Cost Factors......................................................................................................................................................... 18 Design for the Environment Rating............................................................................................................................................... 21 HWBUI0013680 Executive Summary Introduction In today's world the health, safety and environmental (HS&E) aspects of products and services are increasingly important to our customers and society as a whole. Customers, shareowners and ocher stakeholder groups are now placing a premium on products and services that are environmentally friendly.* Incorporating criteria to minimize environmental impacts into the design of products and processes embraces our value of customer satisfaction and integrity by adding environmental value ro our products and by addressing the potential environmental aspects of our operation and product. The term used for this strategic focus is Design for the Environment. Design for the Environment provides opportunities for the corporation to; reduce product development and manufacturing cycle rimes reduce raw material costs reduce regulatory compliance -- complexity and costs reduce environmental liabilities increase operating efficiencies -- reduce non-value added work increase market penetration reduce disposal costs provide competitive advantage The goal of Design for the Environment is to prompt all AlliedSignal employees achieve the goal oi designing and manufacturing environmentally friendly products while protecting employees, customers, the general public, and product quality. To do this, all aspects of the design, marketing, manufacturing, distribution, use and disposal of AlliedSignal products must be considered. This includes: incorporating HS&E and customer considerations in the early stages of R&D and design selecting environmentally responsible raw materials designing closed loop production processes with no environmental discharges reducing total packaging and non-recyclable content of remaining packaging considering environmental impacts in marketing and distribution decisions designing for disassembly and recycle/reuse reducing the environmental concerns of AlliedSignal s customers by considering the ultimate fate of the product While all functions can contribute to reducing the overall environmental impact of AlliedSignals products and processes, there are a critical few that can make the greatest contribution. They include: Research and Design Engineering Process Engineering Manufacturing Operations Marketing, Sales and Distribution Package Design Procurement/Purchasing The term environmental is meant to broadly cover all health, safety and environmental (HS&E) impacts. HWBUI0Q13681 Implementing Design for the Environment Design for rhe Environment is actually a process management tool that consists of eight phases: 1. Identification of the target product, process or activity 2. Formation of a cross-functional analysis and design team 3. identification of inputs (raw materials, energy, equipment, and supplies), outputs (products, waste streams, and emissions) and customer environmental requirements for the product or process 4. Identification of the significant health, safety and environmental aspects of the product or process 5. Collection of suggestions for minimizing the environmental impacts-- harriers and opportunities 6. Selection of the best alternatives based upon cost effectiveness, environmental impact and customer impact 7. Monitoring improvement through metrics based on key customer requirements 8. Continual improvement Design for rhe Environment Rating: This tool is a "bottom-line" measure of the overall "environmental friendliness" of products and processes. The Design for the Environment Rating includes criteria for products, processes and total environmental cost. Cross-Functional Responsibility for Design for the Environment The following key areas all contribute significantly to the Design for the Environment effort: Research and Design Engineering -- Strive to design products and formulations to reduce or eliminate impacts on health and the environment. Process Engineering -- Incorporate pollution prevention concepts that minimize waste and incorporate recycling and reuse concepts. Manufacturing-- Implement quality manufacturing practices ro minimize rework, reduce waste and provide a safe and healthy work environment. Marketing -- Interact with customers to balance the multiple requirements for functionality, appearance, cost, and packaging with environmentally friendly requirements. Packaging Design- Eliminate packaging wherever possible and reduce rhe overall amount of remaining packaging material by considering the possibility of packaging return/reuse/recycle systems. Although, the above functions are particularly important, all employees have a significant role in Design for the Environment and can contribute to reducing the environmental impact of our products, processes and operations. For example, procurement (purchasing) can play a significant role by purchasing environmentally safe raw materials and products from suppliers who are "green" minded. Design for the Environment provides a competitive advantage. J HWBUI0013682 What is Design for the Environment? Design for the Environment is a strategic management process that eievates Health, Safety and Environmental considerations to critical elements of product performance requirements. These considerations represent value that can be added to new existing products and processes. Companies that recognize new market requirements, and act accordingly, will gain a competitive advantage. Customer requirements and marketplace dynamics are not the only reasons for implementing Design for the Environment. Government regulations and compliance requirements are becoming increasingly costly. Design for the Environment is a process for eliminating the drivers of these regulatory and compliance costs: use and production of toxic materials, generation of hazardous wastes and health risks to employees and customers. Health, safety and environmental regulatory requirements exist at the federal, state and local levels and must be factored into any product or process design. Although such regulations are too voluminous to include here, this Guide presents a process to anticipate and factor in such requirements. Derails on these regulations can be provided by our Health, Safety and Environmental professionals. Figure 1 is the Design for the Environment process map. It assists in the identification and elimination of the "root causes" of many problems in the early stages of product conceptualization and process design. Careful selection of materials and design of the product and manufacturing process will prevent delays caused by the need to redesign or reformulate later. Design for the Environment anticipates health, safety and environmental impacts during the business planning cycle. HWBUI0013683 Design for the Environment Process Map A Customer preference Marker leverage Appearance, functionality, and cost Multiple usage B HS&E properties Size and Number of components Design for -- Recycle; Revision; Remanufacture; Diassembiy c Energy use & recovery 9 Closed loop manufacturing -- reclamation; recycle 9 Waste segregation 9 Automated process control D 9 Hazardous/toxic materials -- lubricants; solvents; inks 9 Composite materials 9 Compostability/biodegradability 9 Feedstocks F 9 Quality and Employee health and safety 9 Preventative maintenance 9 Operating procedures and training 9 Process management 9 Design for the employee -- ergonomics H 9 Customer training and Instructions/manuals 9 Applications and appropriate uses 9 Product durability & HWBUI0013684 Implementing Design for the Environment The Product Life Cycle -- Design for the Environment recognizes that in todays business climate, regulatory compliance and environmental, health and safety issues are an integral part of overall product performance requirements. More and more, our customers are evaluating recycling and establishing their own waste reduction goals and expecting the same from their suppliers. The companies that recognize this new marketplace ethic and act accordingly will have a competitive edge. Product Life Cycle -- Design for the Environment is compatible with AiiiedSignal's cycle-time reduction goal. It encourages the consideration of environmental, health and safety issues associated with materials selection and design in the concept phase, thereby avoiding potential delays caused by the need to redesign or reformulate later. Regulatory requirements are identified early, and the time required for regulatory submissions and permit approvals, and/or toxicity, environmental, performance and other testing can be planned into the product development time-lines. HWBUI0013685 Design for the Environment Matrix R&D Raw Production Packaging Marketing/ Design Materials Distribution Product Use Ultimate Fate T lSI iHai m W Customer Performance Requirements Produce Use Regulatory Public Perception Concerns Material/Process Selection Toxiciry/Safety Rertewable/Recyclablc Energy Use Env. Fare/Degradability Regulatory Restriciions Availability'' of HS&E Friendly Substitutes Packaging Minimize Use Returnable Containers Disposability Material Selection Coding and Labeling Product and Process Risk Assessment Waste and Emission Reduction Worker Safety and Health Aspects of Manufacturing Safe Transportation and Handling Product Safety/Hazards Communication Usc/Misuse/Hazards Guidance Labeling/MSDS/Literature Claims/Advertising Product Stewardship Site Environmental Assessment Products and Materials Reusable, Recyclable, Returnable Disposal Recommendations Emergency Response/Community Planning M HWBUI0G13686 Research and Design Engineering & Research and Design Engineering professionals have the greatest influence over the environmental friendliness of products and processes. Decisions made by design engineers are critical determinants for how products are manufactured, distributed, used, and ultimately disposed. By the nature of their technical knowledge, they have a significant opportunity to prevent environmental impacts. 7'hey can develop formulations and product, configurations that: dissipate safely in the environment can be reused and recycled in a responsible fashion can he manufactured in such a way that hazardous work practices and toxic waste streams are eliminated or minimized The importance of environmentally conscious design is increased by the fact that decisions made about functionality, product configuration, and material specifications create constraints in downstream operations. These decisions limit the freedom that other employees have for reducing the environmental impact of AlliedSignai's operation. In fact, decisions made at the product conception and design engineering stages determine 80% of the down-stream costs. These decisions greatly influence: capital expenditures for production and pollution control equipment raw material purchasing and handling manufacturing procedures the ultimate safety of employees, consumers, and communities When designing for the environment, all upstream and downstream effects are considered during the design process by asking these types of questions: Can renewable resources and raw materials be used in this product? Can the product and its components be designed for reuse, recycling, or remanufacture? Can materials be used which minimize the exposure of employees and consumers to toxic and hazardous materials? Can less toxic materials be substituted for hazardous or highly regulated materials? Can the overall use of materials and resources be minimized in the product? Principles of Design for Disassembly/Recycle Minimize material variety & toxicity Maximize ease of disassembly Reduce the number of parts Reduce the number of assembly operations/process steps Simplify and standardize component fits/interfaces HWBUI0013687 Research and Design Engineering Questions How can current produces and processes be improved with environmental concerns in mind? | | Can the amount of non-renewable raw materials consumed in manufacturing products be reduced or replaced completely with renewable raw materials? Can recycled materials be substituted for primary raw materials? Can composite materials be minimized or eliminated completely to improve recyclability N. and reuse? i~h Can the product be designed for reusability, remanufacturability, or recyciablity, not disposability? How can the product be designed to be easily disassembled to facilitate recycling and remanufacturing? Can the actual number ofcomponents be minimized? j | Which materials used in a product or process are hazardous or regulated and can they he eliminated? What are the costs of hazardous waste disposal, safety equipment, pollution control systems, and training associated with different materials? | j Have all legal/regulatory requirements been considered in the development work? How can research trials be planned to avoid excess manufacture and disposal ofhazardous, toxic, and solid waste? ( j Will the use of the product by the consumer require excessive energy consumption or generate air, water, or soil pollution? j*l HWBUI0013688 Process Engineering The design ofa product and its related manufacturing process are closely linked. Special engineered materials or components require special production processes. Processes that previously required hazardous/toxic solvents, lubricants and monomers are now being replaced with more environmentally friendly processes. Two notable examples are the use of sov-based inks and citrus-based cleaners. In both cases, modifications to the design of the final product and production equipment were required. Thus, there is a close interaction between process and product design that must be considered. Process engineering, like Research and Design Engineering, has specific technical expertise that can support the research and development of new environmentally friendly processes. Specific process design issues that surface when considering designing for the environmental include: processes and materials that minimize worker health and safety concerns processes to maintain segregation of wastes reclamation and recovery systems alternative solvent, cleaning, and lubricating systems energy efficiency and recovery The challenge for process engineering is to maximize the value of all materials. Waste streams can be converted into by-products or used as inputs into other processes. The old adage "What is one person's trash is another's treasure" takes on a new significance in environmentally conscious manufacturing. The emphasis shifts to closed loop manufacturing, in which all waste streams are captured and reused/recycled, providing the opportunity to minimize environmental impacts and reduce operating costs. Key Principles of Pollution Prevention Maximize recycle and reuse Eliminate waste streams Use less toxic materials Strive for closed-loop manufacturing HWBUI0013689 Process Engineering Questions Have production processes been designed to minimize use and release of toxic or hazardous materials? Have production lines been evaluated and efficiency optimized by redesigning, replacing, or retooling critical equipment? Has the performance of effluent pre-treatment operations and end-of-pipe pollution prevention controls been optimized? Has solvent substitution received the highest priority in process development? Has the cost of disposal of solvents and other cleaning agents used in manufacturing components been considered in purchasing decisions? Has the cost of safety equipment, training, and exposure monitoring been considered when selecting solvents and lubricants? Q| Has the cost of waste and scrap disposal been considered when selecting equipment and materials? Have closed loop manufacturing systems been considered (e. g., continuous rinses might replace batch rinses)? Have reclamation, recycling, and reuse systems been included in the process design? Does the process design maintain segregation of waste streams? Have heat transfer and co-generation systems been considered where appropriate? Have energy efficiency pumps and motors been evaluated for use in manufacturing systems? Have local utilities and agencies been contracted for funding assistance? HWBUI0013690 Manufacturing Operations Manufacturing is where environmental management efforts have traditionally been focused. This is the area where waste streams and emissions manifest themselves most visibly regardless ofwhere the root cause resides. In Design for the Environment, this area continues to play an important role in controlling environmental impacts. The preferred strategy for environmental quality improvement is source reduction. Preventing pollution and minimizing waste streams at the source eliminates rhe need to report them, treat them, ship them, or dispose of them. Primary source reduction strategies, product changes, raw material changes, process changes and technology changes, are largely dependent upon product and process design. It becomes critical for manufacturing employees to work closely with research, design engineering, and process engineering to clearly identify root causes of wastes streams in manufacturing processes. Similarly, daily operating practices and procedures can he modified to minimize environmental impaers. These include: modifying order quantities checking purity of feedstock and raw materials carefully monitoring operating temperature and pressures In manufacturing, probably more so than in the other functions, employees can provide a wide variety of low cost, high-impact suggestions that collectively create significant environmental performance improvement. Manufacturing's Role in Design for the Environment Identify, characterize and track waste streams and environmental emissions Optimize daily operating practices to reduce pollution Develop opportunities for recycle/reuse Minimize health and safety risks HWBUI0013691 Manufacturing Questions Have all major point sources and fugitive emission sources been identified and minimized? Have less toxic or hazardous chemicals been substituted? i~i Has a formal preventive maintenance program been established to keep machines and connections (valves, hoses, and pipes) in peak performance condition? | | Have automatic measuring, control and alarm devices been installed to reduce probability of human error? Has chronically leaking or troublesome equipment been redesigned, replaced or upgraded? Has equipment that cannot consistently operate within production tolerances been redesigned or replaced? Has Design for the Environment training for employees been provided? [j Has high/low-temperature equipment been insulated, sealed, or otherwise protected to reduce energy loss? Q Have chemical storage protocols been evaluated to ensure that incompatible chemicals are physically separated and properly labeled? n Has off-specificadon material been recycled or used in innovative ways to eliminate waste? [ 1 Have opportunities been investigated for potentially beneficial uses for production wastes, by-products, and off-spccification material? Has the manufacturing process been modified to eliminate or reduce scrap? I"! Have exposures to employees and the public been evaluated to assure healthful operating conditions? HWBUI0013692 Marketing \ Marketing plays a multi-faceted role in the Design for the Environment process. As the primary liaison with the customer, marketing becomes the critical conduit for information about customer needs, requirements, values and concerns. The roles that marketing play in Design for rhe Environment include: Conveying customer needs and requirements -- Product performance, appearance and cosr are still the main critical purchasing parameters. However, customer preferences are beginning to shift toward reusable, environmentally safe products. Marketing's knowledge of customer values and requirements can assist in balancing environmental friendliness, cost, and product performance, thereby achieving a competitive advantage. Providing input in the design -- As solid waste disposal becomes a greater concern, customers will use recycling and reuse alternatives to a greater degree. Marketing needs to determine the recycle and reuse requirements of rhe customers and provide that information to the design team. Customer education -- Marketing should educate customers to the many advantages of using products designed for the environment. This is best achieved in a partnership, where the environmental requirements of the customers and suppliers are clearly understood. Communicating environmental information -- Marketing needs to clearly communicate the health, safety and environmental properties and safe handling requirements ofAlliedSignal's products to customers. Marketing should instruct the distribution chain to communicate this information to the end-use customer. Marketing's Role in Design for the Environment Determining customer needs Conveying customer requirements Providing input to design Communicating environmental information O HWBUi0013693 Marketing Questions Pj Have Marketing representatives participated on product teams to optimize tradeoffs between requirements of shelf space, product appearance, environmental impact, and product user Have the environmental attributes and safe handling requirements, including safe use and disposal been communicated with accurate, credible facts and statements? Have environmental issues affecting AlliedSignals customers been clearly communicated to the product design team? [ | Do we clearly understand how consumers use each product? Has that information been communicared to design engineers? Qj If higher prices result from environmentally conscious manufacturing, have the reasons for cost differentials been communicated to distributors and customers? Have customer preferences for environmentally safe products and processes been identified and communicated? Have focus groups, surveys, and customer advisory panels been used to identify customer environmental requirements? Have recycling and reuse systems that will increase customer willingness to recycle or reuse products been identified? Have customers been encouraged to purchase bulk quantities to minimize packaging and increase sales volume? HWBU10Q13694 Packaging \\ Packaging constitutes almost one-third of the municipal solid waste stream. Germany already has instituted legislation that makes manufacturers responsible for the collection and recycling of packaging material associated with their products. Legislation in several U.S. states and voluntary packaging-reduction programs clearly demonstrate that packaging material reduction is now a key business issue for AliiedSignal. The nature of packaging design and utilization is far reaching and cuts across all functions. The traditional view of package design, use and disposal must change. The first question that must be asked is: "Is the packaging necessary ?" Often, redesign of primary packaging can eliminate the need for secondary and rertiary packaging, thereby reducing operating costs. Any remaining packaging is then scrutinized for volume and waste reduction. "Light weight ing" and use of alternative materials are strategies to further reduce the amount and weight of packaging. Products also can be "concentrated" or sold in larger quantities to reduce packaging material. Product packages can be designed to be consumable, recyclable, returnable, rcfillable, or reusable. This is consistent with the environmental values of customers in the `90's. Innovative packaging material made of recycled and post-consumer material is available. Other packaging material made from renewable source material which easily and safely degrades in the environment, is also available. Given that such a large volume of packaging material currently ends up in landfill, strong efforts should be taken to eliminate toxic and hazardous materials from packaging. Several states in the Northeast also have recently passed legislation that limits the amount of certain heavy metals in packaging material. Soy- based inks arc available as substitutes for traditional inks consisting of heavy metals. Packaging is a critical component of overall product design. It must protect the product during shipment, and influence customers to buy the product. The combination of visual appeal, ability to maintain product quality, ensure public safety, and the ability to run efficiently on production equipment creates a complex combination of tradeoffs that must be thoroughly evaluated. Packaging Minimization Hierarchy Eliminate completely Minimize toxic/hazardous materials Minimize total weight & volume Returnable, refillable or reusable Recycling or recycled content HWBUI0013695 Packaging Questions P[J Has packaging been eliminated where possible? Has packaging which serves only aesthetic purposes been eliminated? i I Has the remaining packaging been designed to be compact, durable, and reusable? J Have soy-based or vegetable-based inks been used where possible? Docs packaging material consist of post consumer or recycled material? I | Is the packaging material biodegradable, compostable, or recyclable? Have toxic materials been eliminated from packaging? Has packaging material containing heavy metals been eliminated? Fj Arc products packaged in bulk quantities where possible? [j Are returnable, reusable shipping containers and pallets utilized when possible? Q Are the environmental features in packaging and the product highlighted in the labeling? Does the packaging provide instructions for proper use? Fj Are the packaging and product itself clearly marked for reuse, return, or recycling? Have systems for the return and reuse of packaging material been created? HWBU10013696 Product Lifecycle Cost Factors Traditional product costing considers the direct cost of materials, labor and equipment to design, produce and market a particular product. When evaluating total product life cycle costs, both traditional and non-traditional costs need to be considered. It should be recognized that product life cycle costing is an emerging costing methodology. Listed below are some associated costs: 1. Direct production and marketing raw material costs direct labor expenses indirect maintenance, quality control, and related support costs construction costs for new/expanded facilities marketing and promotional expenses 2. Materials, equipment, and other expenses required to support the manufacture of a particular product or service hazardous material disposal costs fees for scientific research and obtaining regulatory permits/approvals HS&E staff costs for reporting and monitoring compliance employee training for handling of chemicals and hazardous material pollution control equipment (diking, scrubbers, water treatment systems) protective safety equipment increased medical costs associated with exposure to hazardous materials 3. Packaging material raw materials for packaging (boxes, cushioning material, shrink-wrap) glues and adhesives for securing the packaging maintenance costs for cleaning and repairing packaging equipment disposal costs for packaging waste warehouse facilities for packaging material utilities and staffing costs for packaging material warehouse 4. Shipping pallets and bulk containers for transport purchase of tractors, trailers, and railcars maintenance expenses for transport fleet shipping expenses for contract carriers disposal costs for oil, antifreeze, etc. taxes, insurance, and license fees deposits and collection fees 5. Use or misuse of a product printing of instruction sheets and manuals administrative support for labels and safety data sheets technical support and customer service warranty costs product liability expenses and legal fees 6. Product disposal landfill or garbage pickup fees special disposal surcharges charges for scrapping or disassembly future liability for remediation and cleanup of landfills or contaminated manufacturing facilities reclaiming or recycling component materials Many of these costs can be substantial. Design for the Environment helps to minimize the overall cost and minimize the cost of ownership to the customer. Reduced environmental costs = customer value HWBUI0013697 First Steps for Implementing Design for the Environment -- Using the Total Quality Process The series ofsteps detailed below is one way to approach Design for the Environment. Employees are encouraged to adapt this framework to develop a methodoiogy that best firs their products and operational practices. A. Identify the Target Product, Process or Activity. Analysis and Design ream defines the scope of its effort: An entire product or process, or Only a component of a larger assembly or a subprocess Existing products or processes are easier to analyze than a new ones As a learning tool, select a smaller, existing product or process and conduct a trial analysis B. Form a Cross-functional Analysis and Design Team. A typical team includes representatives from many different functions, e. g.: Research & Development Design Engineering Process Engineering Package Engineering Manufacturing Purchasing Markcting/Sales Health, Safety and Environment Product Stewards C. Identify the Inputs and Outputs of the Process -- Customer Environmental Requirements. Identify the materials, supplies, physical resources, tools, and equipment used Identify' all outputs: Salable products Packaging and shipping material Hazardous waste streams Non-hazardous waste streams Air emissions Water effluents Energy Identify customer environmental requirements Disposability Disassembly potential Safe handling Toxicity Attempt to develop a cost estimate Consider coses that are: Incurred by AlliedSignal Incurred by other parties Indirect costs Passed on to the customer needlessly D. Identify the Significant Health, Safety, and Environmental Aspects of the Product or Process. Focus on the ones suspected to have the greatest health, safety, and environment;!] impacts Non-renewable raw materials and energy sources Materials containing toxic materials, heavy metals, carcinogens, reproductive toxins or mutagens Regulated materials Identify the amount and type of packaging material, incoming and outbound Identify how packaging and shipping material is disposed of or reused Examine the distribution system of the incoming materials and outgoing product Identify how waste streams are handled Evaluate how customers use the products. Does the use or misuse of the product create environmental impacts that may he avoidable? List your most significant opportunities for improvement (5-Ups) <ra> HWBUI0013698 E. Identify Suggestions for Minimizing the Environmental Impact -- Barriers and Opportunities. Select chose inputs and outputs that have the greatest impact. Brainstorm suggestions for how to minimize those impacts and gather the facts as to: Can a lower toxicity raw material be utilized? Can a cleaning step be eliminated? Can a more environmentally friendly solvent be used? Is bulk packaging available? Are returnable containers feasible? Are production planning and inventory management systems in place to ensure that proper quantities are ordered and that expired materials are minimized? Who are the key players to implement the changes? Add them to die team. Often minor changes in procedures and operating practices can significantly reduce the environmental impacts. E Select the Best Alternatives Based on Cost Effectiveness, Environmental Impact and Customer Impact. Carefully consider the impact of the alternative suggestions in the same fashion that the original product or process was evaluated to ensure that: the customer is satisfied the new product or process has a significantly lesser environmental impact than the original product or process the improvement has the intended downstream impact through the life-cycle costs for the changes are folly identified as well as estimated savings Develop the documentation for the authorization process to make the suggested changes in the process or product Initiate any acdons the team is empowered to implement - procedural, maintenance or ocher options to improve the process. G. Monitor Improvement Through Metrics Based On Key Customer Requirements. H. Continual Improvement. Repeat the process for the next target of opportunity A stepwise approach makes implementing Design for the Environment achievable. (-fWBUf0013699 Design for the Environment Rating Design for the Environment identifies ways to reduce environmental impacts and operating costs. The following charts provide an easy way to rate the environmental friendliness of products and processes, especially compared to competitive products and processes. Initial attention should he on areas where a competitive advantage can be gained or where environmental impacts can be reduced. The six criteria for the "Product'' Design for the Environment Rating are: 1. Reuse/Recycle/Remanufacture Capability -- the degree to which the current life cycle of a product and its components can be extended by reuse in its current form, recycling for alternative use, or remanufacturing for continued use of its original function. 2. Packaging Design -- the degree to which the product packaging is eliminated completely or reduced. The degree to which packaging is free from toxic materials and is reusable or recyclable. 3- Material Toxicity-- the degree to which the raw materials and the final product are free from hazardous and toxic materials. 4. Raw Materials -- the degree to which raw materials are renewable resources or post-consumer material. The degree to which the total amount of rawmaterials has been minimized. 5. Manufacturing Impact -- the degree to which the environmental impacts of manufacturing and distribution of the product have been minimized. 6. Consumer Use -- the degree to which safeguards have been created to minimize the environmental impact of the actual use of the product. Includes the degree to which the product has been designed for ease of use, safety of use, and energy efficiency. Consider the potential for additional environmental impacts due to misuse of the product. The six criteria for the "Process" Design for the Environment Index are: 1. Volume of Toxic/Hazardous Waste Produced -- the absolute amount of toxic and hazardous wastes produced. 2. Toxicity of Toxic/Hazardous Waste Produced -- the degree to which the wastes produced are carcinogenic, mutagenic, or otherwise hazardous. 3. Volume of Toxic/Hazardous Material Used -- the absolute amount of toxic and hazardous material used in the manufacturing process. 4. Toxicity of Toxic/Hazardous Materials Used -- the degree to which the materials used in the manufacturing process are carcinogenic, mutagenic, or otherwise hazardous. 5. Solid Waste Produced -- the absolute amount of solid, non-toxic/hazardous waste produced. 6. Utilities Utilization-.. - the amount of energy and water used in the manufacturing process. Each of these criteria are evaluated on a 5-point scale. A rating of 5 indicates a low degree of adverse environmental impact (high environmental friendliness). A rating of 1 indicates a high degree of environmental impact (low environmental friendliness). The members of the Design for the Environment analysis ream should develop a consensus rating for each criterion. Benchmarking other companies is another useful tool for developing this raring. The sum is the overall Design for the Environment Rating. This number should be used to measure continuous improvement, HWBUI0013700 Product Design for the Environment Rating Product: Criterion Raw Materials Materia! Toxiciry Manufacturing Pr >cess Impact Reuse/Recycle/Remanufacturc Capability Packaging Design Consumer Use TOTAL 5 Best known practice or standard (I ligh Environmentally Friendly) 4 Greatly exceeds the prevailing industry practice or standard 3 Generally exceeds the prevailing industry practice or standard 2 Comparable to prevailing industry practice or standard 1 Lags prevailing industry practice or standard (Low Environmenraliy Friendly) Date: Rating HWBUI0013701 Process Design for the Environment Rating Product: Criterion Volume ofToxicVHazartlous Materials Used Toxicity of Toxic/Hazardous Materials Used Volume of Toxic/Hazardous Waste Produced Toxicity of Toxic/Hazardous Waste Produced Solid Waste Volume Produced Utilities Utilization TOTAL 5 Best known practice or standard (High Environmentally Priendly) 4 Greatly exceeds the prevailing industry practice or standard 3 Generally exceeds the prevailing industry practice or standard 2 Comparable to prevailing industry practice or standard 1 Lags prevailing industry practice or standard (Low Environmentally Friendly) Date: Rating HWBUI0013702 : f place postage stamp here Chief Technology Officer AlliedSIgnal Inc. 101 Columbia Road Morristown, NJ 07962 HWBUI0013703  I have read the Guide to Designing and Manufacturing Environmentally Friendly Products. 1 I am An Employee A Customer Other________ 2 My business is in fl Aerospace Automotive Engineered Materials Research and Technology Other _ 3 I work primarily in Research, Development and Engineering Manufacturing Marketing Other 4 My familiarity with Design for the Environment is High Moderate Low 5 I would like more information on_____ Name_ Address Phone. HWBUI0013704 AlliedSignal For more information contact: AlliedSignal Health, Safely and Environmental Sciences 301 Columbia Road Morristown, NJ 07962-1057 AlliedSignal Aerospace 2525 West 190th Street Torrance, CA 90504-6099 AlliedSignal Automotive 20650 Civic Center Drive Southfield, MI 48086-5029 AlliedSignal Engineered Materials 301 Columbia Road Morristown, NJ 07962-1139 AlliedSignal Research and Technology 101 Columbia Road Morristown, Nj 07962-1057 AlliedSignal 7/94 Printed on recycled paper Soy- or vegetabie-based inks have been used in this brochure to reduce the use of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the printing process. The inks have no heavy metal content which means less toxic sludge when this piece is recycled. HWBUI0013705