Document JJdZ7Ed6Gbbv2j4NJp33Zad5X

Wi VOLUME SIXTEEN MAY-JUNE 1946 NUMBER THREE - fl^V m -r 31 - ^jgsssafiv if i`K --r V. S. PIPE AND FOUNDRY CO. Looking through the suction opening of the cast lead housing at the lead covered steel rotor of a large lead blower fan used jor moving corrosive gases. ,W -S' ." .,;^K<: N 974 Solid Load Housing For Fans Moving Corrosive Vapors INE examples of two fabrication western chemical plant for handling Fprocesses to which lead is adapt sulphuric acid vapor. Since lead is able are shown in the accompanying highly resistant to corrosion by sul photograph of tw o large blower fans. phuric acid, the parts which are in These fans, of a type used in the contact with the vapor are made of or chemical industries for moving corro covered w ith lead. sive gases, are now in use in a Mid The fan housings are castings made of lead alloyed with about 5 per cent of antimony which greatly increases the strength and stiffness of the metal. Casting was done in dry sand molds, using a special sand adapted to the high density of lead. Flanged cast lead rings are bolted to the inlet and delivery openings and are intended to be welded or ''burned" to the sheet lead flues or ducts which convey the gases. The impellers are fabricated of steel plates welded to the shaft. The steel is covered with 14 in. of lead homogeneously bonded; that is, the lead is actually fused to the steel structure. The homogeneous bonding process is also used for applying lead linings to steel vessels for chemical processes operating under vacuum or at high temperatures. Fans of this type are still in ;ation in sulphuric acid plants after more than 25 years of continuous ser vice. The solid lead housing and lead covered impellers present the greatest possible practical resistance to the cor rosive action of the acid vapors. The accompanying photographs, however, are of new fans and were taken in the shop of the United States Pipe and Foundry Co. of Burlington. New Jersev, where thev were manufactured. Load-Mailed (Jav-Lussac Tower Fart of Sulphuric tcid Manufacturing Plant The final unit through which the gasses produced bv burning sulphur pass in a plant manufacturing sul phuric acid is known as a Gay-Lussac Tower. This tower operates to con serve nitrogen trioxide gas and return it. dissolved in concentrated acid, to the Glover tower where it combines with water and burner gas to produce more concentrated acid. Both of these towers, as well as the condensing chambers through which the fumes pass on their way from one tower to the other, are constructed of lead. Large amounts of sulphuric acid are used in the manufacture of fer tilizer and it is common practice for fertilizer manufacturers to operate sulphuric acid plants. Part of the plant of one such installation is pic tured in the accompanying photo graphs which show construction work on a new Gav-Lussac tower for the Acme Fertilizer Co. of Wilmington. Delaware. The new tower is supported by a steel structure which replaces an old one built of wood. It is 11 ft. square and 43 ft. high and is topped by a 24 in. cylindrical lead vent stack which extends 26 ft. higher. The bot tom and lower 15 in. of the walls are of 24-lb. sheet lead and the remainder of the walls are of 15-lb. lead. The vent stack is of 10-lb. lead. The pictures show how the sheets --2-- of lead are hoisted to the top of the framework as thev are unrolled. Lead straps are welded to the sheet at the levels of the steel structural members to which thev are bolted for support of the walls. The sheets are lapped Arid nozzles used in the Gu\-Ln^ar Toner arc fine examples of ihe lead burner's art. LIA2589P K orkmen attaching lead straps tor securing sheet lead to the steel frame. Looking up through the tower just before the last sheet oj lining was placed. and joints are welded after all the lead is in place. After the leadwork is completed the tower will be lined with acid resistant brick and filled with a ceramic pack ing material over which the acid trickles to expose a maximum of liquid surface to the gas from the chambers. The top or roof of the tower is also of sheet lead supported on steel crosspieces and all connecting ducts and acid nozzles are of lead. The nozzles, four of which are shown on page two, are provided with bell-shaped lead caps which form a gas-tight seal when immersed in water contained between a double curb around the openings. I Exhibition IK Water Works Antiques for the unavoidable scars and dents acquired in their removal and subse Shows indent Leadwork in Perfect Condition quent handling. Thev were in use for 85 vears and were removed when the estate was converted to a park. \ unusual and interesting exhibit other was a piece of lead water sup Ai was presented at the convention ply pipe with what appears to be a of the American XX ater XX orks Assocbi ath cock or sink faucet wiped to it. Other lead articles included a lead water service gooseneck with 55 vears of service to its credit and several old ation in St. Louis. Missouri, during The third is a lead lavatory waste. dri\e ferrules with brass to lead w iped the week of May C to 10. 1946. The All three of these examples of lead joints still in perfect condition. water department of that city dis work are in perfect condition except This exhibit of water works an- placed a collection of water works antiques which ranged from an an cient electric pump motor to examples of long buried pipes, fittings, valves and services. Some of the articles exhibited were loaned bv the Mueller Co. of Decatur. 111.. and among these were several ex amples which illustrated the durabil ity of lead pipe, both underground and in plumbing installations. Three of the pieces were from the home of Gen. Mariano Guadalupe X'allejo in Exhibit v t water works antiques pre sented by the St. Louis Water Depart ment at the AWWA con tentions. Sonora. California, built about 1840. One of these was a section of lead water main with a service tap con sisting of a brass stop cock wiped to the main and to the service pipe. An --3-- LIA25893 i E.VGEN E Ta VUj R Ancient lead work exhibited by St. Louis Water Department, upper left, a 55 year old service gooseneck, next below, a sink wa$te 85 years old, right center and next right, indoor and underground lead work in use tor 85 years, Other examples show wiped joints and brasswork oj antique patterns. tiques showed ancient things which have been abandoned such as wood water mains. It also showed ancient lead work which is almost identical with work being done today. It indicates that water works men who are always willing to accept something new if it is better than their present equipment, continue to use lead for water services and goosenecks because of its unquestioned record for endur ance and economical maintenance. Wood Tanks For Wid Pickling Solution Have Steel Tie Rods Encased in Lead Pipe HOW N herewith is an interesting work it is to handle, can be con S t\pe of pickling tank of wood structed on the same principle as a construction in which lead is used tocylindrical tank. presene the strength of the rods. The heavy corner pieces are steel Some pickling solutions which are castings which, since they are farthest highly corrosive to iron and steel can he successfully handled in wood tanks hut wood tanks must be tightly hound with steel ties. The immersion and u ithdraw al of the pickled articles causes considerable splashing and >11i11ine of the solution w hich will quickly destrm the ties unless they me protected. In this case the neces- sar\ protection is provided by encas ing the tie rods in lead pipe which is highly resistant to corrosion by the pickling solution. This tank, though rectangular iri in lead pipe as protection against a--ci:dJ pickling solu tion. plan, has curved sides so that the tie rods can be made to exert great pres sure on the wood staves without caus ing the w alls to buckle. Thus in effect a tank of rectangular shape which is better adapted to the shape of the 4-- removed from the splash and drip of the pickling solution are left exposed. The tie rods in their jackets of lead pipe will retain their strength and can be expected to last the life of the wooden star es. The tank shown was manufactured by the Hauser-Stander Tank Co. of Cincinnati. Ohio, for a fabricator of steel specialties. HAVSER 51 AMEER TAME CO LIA2589* W Large Scale Housing Project Lscs Ill-Lead L'nit Plumbing Installation HE oft repeated criticism of the the plumbing layouts in the various Tbuilding industry, that it is re houses are not all identical, the work luctant to take advantage of modernhas been planned so that a minimum methods of mass production, is being number of shop fabricated units can refuted by the plumbing trade in be combined on the site to make each many instances. Numerous examples individual installation. Main stacks of the use of shop fabricated roughing are prepared with closet bend and in units are at present appearing in widelv separated parts of the eonutry. This practice, which makes use of lead for the major portion of the roughing in. not onlv speeds construction but provides an installation better than that furnished bv more conventional methods and one which meets the ap proval of city health authorities and inspection departments. One of the latest projects in which unit plumbing is being used is in Waco. Texas. The present plan of the project includes 125 houses. Although bath and lavatory waste connections attached and with calking ferrule in place for securing to cast iron ground work. Also sink outlets are wiped to vertical wastes and vents so that there is a minimum of joints to be made on the job. The lead stacks are continued through the roof and support is pro vided by wiped flanges resting on headers located at points where ver tical stacks are joined. Ingenious use was made of the heavy pasteboard d Shop fabricated standardized units of plumbing rough work ready for speedy assembly in buildings ot a I2vunit housing proj ect. Field work of as sembling units in place takes little more time than laying out work tor a conventional installation. tubes in which larger sizes of lead pipe is shiopd. Where possible these tubes were left on the pipe to serve as protection until construction is com pleted. The Lane Plumbing Co. of ^ aco. plumbing contractor for this project, found that all lead unit plunibinc ispeed) and economical. The plumb ers like it because thev are able to work eomfortablv in the shop where weather condition- do not create handicaps. The other tradesmen like it because it allows the plumbers to complete their work in the shortest possible time and thus with the least interference with structural work. Lead plumbing is universallv ac ceptable to citv health and inspection departments. Thus lead Lnit Plumb ing provides a sound workable basis for the introduction of prefabrication into what has been heretofore the most difficult subassemblv. LIA25895 i i i Lead Calked Cast Iron Water Main Moved I'nder Pressure With l\o Leaks HE lead calked joint used in con water mains have been laid with hard Tnecting sections of cast iron pipe brittle jointing materials which will is not onlv one of the oldest joiningnot yield without breaking and can methods; it is still one of the most not be recalked. The slight increase efficient types of joint for cast iron pressure pipe. In addition to its simplicity and economy the lead calked joint possesses the character istic of being easily restorable to its original tightness and effectiveness should it be disturbed or moved once it is in place. Indeed it will endure movement to a surprising degree with out requiring any restoration. Examples of such movement are commonly found where it has been necessary to move or lower cast iron water mains to make way for grading incident to changes in streets and roads or buildings. Such changes are often made while mains are in service under pressure without causing leaks or breaks of anv kind. A recent case where such movement was accomplished occurred in Denver. Colorado, where a 55-year-old water main four blocks long was lowered 3 feet and moved horizontally two feet without a single leak. This operation, which was necessi tated bv a change in street grade, was accomplished bv digging a ditch to the new low level alongside the main and clearing away the earth under the pipe except for bulkheads at intervals of 24- feet. The earth bulkheads were then cut away a few inches at a time, lowering the pipe gradually to its new position. Because of the inherent flexibility of the lead calked joints in this line the movement w as accomplished with out a single leak although pressure and service to consumers was main tained. However, as a precaution against possible development of leaks all joints were recalked before the ditch was backfilled. Had there been any leaks the simple procedure of recalking would have stopped them. This means of restor ing joints to their original pressuretight condition is not available if in initial cost of the main when lead is used buys many years of economiai maintenance. Spectacular operations like moving a long main under pressure without leaks are. of course, the exception, but long trouble-free service is the rule for lead calked cast iron water mains. --6-- LIA 2 5896 X Portfolio of American Landmarks ^ No. 37 Westport, Connecticut, On The Boston Post Road ESTPORT, Connecticut, one Wof the charming villages on the Boston Post Road, like all American communities bears many of the marks of modern times. The road has become U. S. Highway No. 1. Chain stores and filling stations cater to the needs of resident and traveler, but these changes have not, by any means, destroyed the quiet village at mosphere which surrounds the lovely old houses which, by their owners' intelligent maintenance, have been preserved for the use and enjoyment other The Marvin House, circa 1812, stately and imposing, is now a busy office. Present owners continue the use of pure white lead paint which helped to preserve the sturdy structure. of the present generation. Two of these houses, the Jessup House and one at present the property of the Christian Science Society, face each other across the busy highway and for all their age occupy important places in the daily life of the com munity. Another has become the office of a busy manufacturing concern, w ith a factory nearby. These three houses, like so many other old New England homes are, at present, as they were in the past, painted with pure white lead paint. Jessup House, built in 1807, is unusual in plan and decoration. However, like so many others it is protected by pure white lead paint. This house, built at the same time and by the same builder as the Jessup House. is now used as a place of worship. It q !s o is painted with pure white lead paint. PHOTOS BY DAYTON S.V:PEB THIS IS NO. 37 OF A SERIES REPRESENTATIVE OF THE MANY AMERICAN LANDMARKS IN VARIOUS SECTIONS OF THE COUNTRY THAT ARE PRESERVED FOR THE FUTURE WITH PURE WHITE LEAD AND OIL PAINT. MANY OF THEM HAVE ALWAYS BEEN PROTECTED WITH THIS RELIABLE MATERIAL ACCORDING TO AVAILABLE RECORDS. --7-- LIA25697 Lead Roofing And Flashing on Cupola Ensure Permanence And Freedom From Stain HE use of sheet lead roofing and The corrosion resistance of lead Tflashing on the cupola shown in plus the fact that sheet lead used for the accompanying photograph proro ofing is much thicker than anv other vides the perfect solution for two roofing sheet metal ensures that the problems peculiar to details of this seldom visited topmost part of the type. The first one. of course, is to building will not develop undetected provide for a permanent watertight leaks to encourage deterioration of covering for the tower and for the the structure. The workability of lead deck at the level of the corner urns. which allows it to be easily formed to The second one is to protect the white unusual shapes also simplifies the in painted surfaces from staining as the stallation. result of corrosion of the roofing The nonstaining characteristics of material. lead are due partly to the fact that corrosion of lead is extremely slow and partly to the fact that, in normal atmosphere, the products of that veryslight corrosion are white and cannot stain. This beautifully white cupola can be expected to remain white ex cept for the normal accumulation of dust and dirt, The lead work on this tower was done by Mr. Robert H. 33 atson. a plumbing and sheet metal contractor of Elkhart. Indiana, who learned his The following articles and reprints contain information, drawings and specifications on the use of lead products helpful to architects, engineers and others in the construction industry. They are available, free of charge, uonn request tc the Lead Industries Association, 420 Lexington Avenue. New York 17. N. Y. PROPERTY PROTECTION WITH WHITE LEAD PAINT A 28 page booklet on the protective value, durability and beauty of pure white lead paint with quantity estimating taLles, formula* and raizing and tinting ia-tructjons for exterior and interior use. RED LEAD FOR STRUCTURAL WORK Hr Dr. L. L. Carrick, Director, Red Lead Iteaeareh, Lead Industries Aaeoeiatios A Jiscussios of the rust inbibitive qualities of red lead paint and the bet means of making use of those qualities f..r the protection of structural metal. Reprinted from Engineering Sews Record, April 6. 1943. LEAD CARRIES ITS WEIGHT By Fred P. Pttsrs An interesting resume of many of the long estab lished u-e* of lead plu* information r>n a number f recently developed adaptation* of the properties of lead to special purposes. Reprinted from Srien a/ic American, June, 1944. SOME PAINTING PROBLEMS AND T HE. ANSW ERS H Dr. F. L. Browne, Senior Chemist, Forests Products Laboratory, Madison, Wis. Repuuted from the Aatmnuf Real Fitaie journal. Sept.. 1939. NEW LEAD COATING PROCESS ELIMINATES I'SE OF ZINC ALLOYS Hy W. Yonkmin, Engineer, Western Elec* trie Co. A description of a successful hot dip lead coating process with complete instructions for changing over from hot dip galvanizing using tbe same equipment. Ht-prinied from Product Engmeert ng. May, 1944 LEAD COATINGS ON STEEL By Harold A. Knight, News Editor, Metals and Allots A thorough di-cu-ion of hot dip and electroplated coaling* <<n cteel sheet, wire and fabricated prod nets including tbe technique of application, thicknes of coalings, u-e* and advantages. RepnnleJ from the November, 1944 i--ue of Metals and Alloyt. COMMERCIAL STANDARDS: Calking Lead, CS94--41 Lead Pipe, CS-95-41 Lead Trapa and Bends, CS96-41 Official publication* by tbe Government Printing Of tice of tbe above Commercial Standard* a- prnmul gated by the U. S. Department >>f Commerce through tbe National Bureau of Standard*, effective Juae 2o, 1941. FEDERAL SPECIFICATION WW-P-525 For Pipe, Benda and Traps, LEAD Part 5 of Section (V of the Federal Standard* Stock Catalog, official publication by tbe Govern ment Printing Office. STAMFORD'S DOUBLE LIFETIME HOME A complete aoaiysis of bard lead Hashing, white lead paint, lead plumbing, plywood and red reuar Certigrade shingle details and in-taJlatma method*. Heprioted from American Builder, July. 1939. LEAD X-RAY SHIELDING Graphic chart based on recommendation- of the International Commission on X-Kay and Kadium Protection giving tbioknes->e of lead for respective voltages in millimeters, inches and pounds per square foot. MATERIALS AND METHODS OF X-RAY PROTECTION By George Singer, Acting Chief Radiation SeetioD, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C>, and George C. Lawr ence, Ph.D., National Research Council of Canada A <!i-cu*ion of 'be mnti ai- -niiable for u-e in -bidding X-ray in-tallat mtt- givinu method- of and graph* for computing requiied thi.-kne-s of barrier-, ba-ej on tube current and di-tanre a* well a lube voliace. Reprinted from InJuuria! Radiography Vnl. I\\ No. 2. Fall. 1945. LEAD, A METAL OF MANY l SE* IN THE THEATRE By J. I.eland Benson A discussion of the many wav*, both utilitarian and decorative, in which lead i* or tan be u-cd in the theatie. R'./n.nrcd from Theatre Catalog 1^45 Edi tion. Sheet lead roofing and flashing will nol only keep this structuie d'\ hut make sure that the brilliant u har ness <>l the uoodwnrl. will not be marred b\ unsighlU stains. trade in England. The chimne\ flashiii"> on this building are a> of >hrel lead stepped at each brick r'uu>e and cut hack at an angle in the I_np)i>h manner. SPECIFY AtM OiLEAD IMUSntlES* MATERIAL I CON Ri:<H Ksr. THE LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION Wild. RE GLAD TO MATT. "LEAD" REGULARLY, FREE OF CHARGE, TO THOSE INTERESTED, AND UIIX COOPERATE WITHOUT OBLIGATION IN THE SOLUTION OF YOUB LEAD PROBLEMS PRINTED IS U. ?. A 1 35 11V PUBLISHERS PRINTING COMPANY SEW YO*K CITY LIA25898 I