Document JJRjQgRaBxMX2O9O8xByd96Xe

INDUSTRIAL SANITATION AND PERSONNEL FACILITIES of containers, utensils, glassware, dishes, and silverware are highly important. Dis posable containers and utensils however can eliminate washing and handling It is generally easier to sanitize utensils by machine washing than it is by hand washing In either case, one of the main requirements in maintaining adequate sani tation is proper training of employees Utensils should be carefully scraped and preferably premised before being put into the detergent solution They should be thoroughly washed with soap or a deter gent, and well nnsed by a method which will destroy bactena For thorough machine washing, the uten sils must be stacked in the trays loosely enough so that the cleansing agent gets to every part, the concentration of detergent in the wash water and the wash water tem perature must be mamtamed, and the wash water must be changed before it becomes excessively dirty Requirements for hand washing are the same, except that each utensil must be indi vidually scrubbed in all parts rather than simply stacked in a tray. For rinsing, the cleaned utensils may be immersed in dean hot water at 170 F for one-half minute. One problem is that of maintaining the temperature of the rmse water over long sessions of dishwashing, since a large volume of fresh hot water is required for this method Water heaters should be of adequate size Less water however will be needed if a chemical steril izing agent is used Hypochlorite solutions at a concentration of at least 50 ppm of available chlorine for an immersion tune of one minute at 75 F will provide ade quate sterilization When the utensils have been properly cleaned, they should be stored and handled so as to prevent contamination by the han dler's fingers and from ordinary dust and dirt or from leakage from overhead pipes- References American Public Health Association, 1790 Broadway, New York City Standard Methods lor the Ezmmrwtzon ol Water and Wastewater, Ilth ed 1960 American Standards Association, 10 East 40th St, New York City Approval Requirements for Central Heating Gas Appliances Z21 senes Cast Iron Pipe and Fittings A21 senes Iron and Steel Pipe B36 senes Minimum Requirements tor Sanitation in Places ol Employment Z4 1 National Electrical Code Cl National Plumbing Code. Z40 8 Pipe Flanges and Fittings B16 senes. Specifications lor Drinking Fountains Z4 2 Hawkes, H A. The Ecology ol Waste Water Treatment New York City, The Macmillan Company, 1963 McKee, Jack E, and Harold W Wolf, eds Wafer Quality Criteria, 2nd ed Sacramento, Calif. Dept, of General Services, Office of Procurement--Stores, Documents Section, PO Box 1612 National Bureau of Standards, U S Department of Commerce, Washington, D C. National Electrical Safety Code Handbook H30 Public Health Service, U S Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Washington, D C DrmJong Water Standards Publication No 956 Food Service Sanitation Manual Publication No 934 Individual Sewage Disposal Systems Repnnt No 2461 Manual ol Individual Water Supply Systems Publication No 24 Manual ol Recommended Water Sanitation Practice Publication No 525 Manual ol Septic Tank Practice Publication No 526 37-18