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I ' u.r.% ; 3randmtor new: McGrsw-Hill's weekly report on environmental polluhon: tho law, the markets, the t*JANolo&|?C'|J Vol. 5, No. 51 , ^ V`"`v December 27, 1971 * Environmentalist* Weed Fost Only Nominal Bond in NEFA Action? page 2 * Tightening of Water Project Financing Rules Proposed: page 2 * Scientists Worry Over PCBs at Landmark NICHS Meeting? page J * Quad Cities Preliminary injunction Appealed: page $ lnvi wrai sts' Rffrrs mim l:0R AMENDING HOUSE WATER BILL Environmentalists trying to amend House Public Works " " " ' water pollution legislation on the House floor probably will concentrate on the provision that makes implemen tation of the 1981 deadline contingent on^ further approval by Congress. The Senate version of the legislation makes this deadline for.'.'best available technology" automatic, but the House version calls for further congressional action following a National Aca demy of Sciences study on the cost and feasibility of the 1981 standard and the 19SS no ! dischargo goal (AWN, Dec. 20, p. 1). The only firm deadline in the House bill is for the 1976 "best practicable technology" standard, "In effect, the second half of the Miiskio bill'would be repealed," said one Washington environmental lobbyist. He added that the lack of commitment to,a firm deadline is clcar-cut and easy to spell out as an issue on the llouso"flobr. Since it is also considered by environmentalists as the greatest weakness in the House bill, efforts at amendment will probably concentrate on this section, There may also be an attempt at an amendment t'cT allow EPA vetoes'on , Individual permits, as in the Senate bill. But because of state pressure on Congressmen, this amendment doer not have as good a chance of passage. _________ ft ft ft OTTRliLlfs impact siaVeHlnis "needed ; FOR REFUSE ACT PERMITS; TIGHTENS LAW, TOO The 1899 Refuse Act's usefulness as an ef- feetivc enforcement tool may have been ended last week by a U.S. District court ruling m Washington, D.C, Judge Aubrey I-. Robinson Jr, ruled that environmental impact state- 1 ments must be prepared by the government for every permit issued under the 1899 act for discharges into navigable waterways. In addition, the judge broadened the definition of "nonnnvigable" waterways and forbade outright the issuing of permits for discharges into them, The decision cone on Dceer.,ber 23, exactly one year after the Refuse Act per mit program was. puthoriccd hy President Mu on. Said Judge Robinson: "(the program) hinders the effectiveness of Congress to keep our waterways clean," Judge Robinson said that although issuing a discharge permit may be construed as an action to protect the environment, no major federal activity is exempt from having to file an impact statement under the National Environcental I'olicv Act. 'Hie administrative burden of preparing such a statement for each of the 20,000 applications for discharge permits alre.tdy filed could cripple the Refuse Act IVimit Program. O What is a nonnavigahle waterway? The injunction holds for discharge permits for the Grand River in l>hio--n river deep enough to he u'.id for rccrcnlion.il c.mocing, 'the historic definition of n navigable waterway is one deep enough to float a log--a di.ift O lt7) (>v M |;rw llttt, lut, H30 Wm r.lp wloiiOcowuvnlt*fi!''s*UVhlm/wiHuvMwid'Viig<itii>t irtuipnhu vi**|d* bn<*! vo*! Itbnt ii*u m ijiyi * V *fOV AN Hl|siOufllfin in any (rrn Vrt*u i'dHiiii iuisii $> H Wyt (UC idnl V > 7(j/v * li i'i r T1 HONS 211386 of no more than six inches, The suit was a class action brought by Joromc Kalur and Donald Large, acting as recreational users of the river on behalf of all recreational and conservational users. Defendants were the Corps of engineers, Secretary of the o Array and chief of the Environmental Protection Agency, It was unknown at press time whether or not the government will appeal. Officials were worried about the implications of the ruling, but withheld comments until they could sec a full copy of the decision. The ruling does appear to give Senate confciees the upper hand in their coming battle with the House over water pollution legislation. No witter how tough the Senate bill is, it would likely appear preferable to industry to the Refuse Act, as defined last week by the Washington district court. While the federal government is almost certain to appeal, chances for a reversal do not appear good. Kalur and Large based their case on the Calvert Cliffs decision, which was handed down by the same court that would consider the casc--the U.S, Court of Appeals in Washington. Further, although Judge Robinson could stay the injunction until the case is finally decided (perhaps a year from now in the U.S, Supreme Court), he is not considered likely to do so. Only 12 permits have been issued so far under the permit program. To issue more under a defective system could compound the damage. __ _ * * * COUtn Orders' 61L lease bids impounded AND NOMINAL POMP POSTED IN \T.PA SUIT The Interior Department last week received 298 sealed bids for oil and gas leases on 78 tracts in the Gulf of Mexico. The bids were impounded pending appeals by Interior of a preliminary injunction on the sale of the leases (AWN, Dec. 20, p. S). The National Environmental Policy Act suit, brought by three environ mental groups alleging that Interior prepared an inadequate impact statement for the sale, has already produced an important precedent. U.S. District Judge diaries Richey ruled that the groups did not have to post a $2,5 million monthly bond to cover loss of interest on the $500 million the sale is expected to generate. Federal rules of civil procedure require a bond to be posted to cover losses by ''any party who is found to have been wrongly enjoined or restrained." The environmenta lists arguod that having to post large bonds in government actions would sharply reduce the effectiveness of the National Environmental Policy Act. Judge Richey agreed. In asking that a $i00 bond he posted, he said "it would be a mistake to treat a revenue loss to the government the same as pecuniary damage to a priiotc party," and that the ."public interest will be far more gravely damaged" by requiring large bonds. The ruling was not unexpccted--bonds as low as n dollar have been imposed in some environmental suits--but environmentalists felt Richey's written decision created a far more solid base for doing so in the future and went beyond earlier rulings. Under Interior's regulations, the bids will have to be returned unopened within 30 days if the Appeals court does not act. The department hopes that these internal regu lations will provide some impetus for the court to hear the appeal within a week or so. The appeals court agreed to the halfway mcasure--allowig the sale to proceed, but im pounding the bids--at the suggestion of Chevron Oil. The company, which filed as n friend of the court, said disclosure of the bids before the legality of the sale was judged could frustrate competitive bidding, since companies would know what each other bid the first time should the sale have to be repeated, ** RljiTsoURO; S'FA^lV^iTsT'OiaiSlTLliT ERA LI SIS COST DATA Final new source standards published last week (TederaJ Register, Dec, 23) followed expected lines (AW!, Dec. 020, p, 1). In addition to the major anticipated change in the measurement method foi' particulates, Environment Protect these other changes from the standards originally proposed on A p. 1). * Provisions were added to the .'.team generator standards to cover cases vhcio mixed fuels ore burned. In the rime uf sol ftr dioxide, allowable emissions will be bused on AhfH/Hr'Crmhcr 27, 1 n7]/f' )</f 2 HONS 211387 the predominant fuel and the total heat output. CPA says this will allow tltc option of bunting low-sulfur fuels, such as natural gas, when possible. * Steam generators fired with lignite have been exempted from the nitrogen oxides limit beeausc-.accordiiig to EPA--of the lack of information on this omission problem. EPA officials also offered cost estinates of adding the required control equipment. The cost comparisons ore between plants meeting the standards and totally uncontrolled plants. Industry cost estinates arc generally higher especially for long-term operation and maintenance. Hero are the EPA cost estimates by class of source! * A 600-megawatt coal-burning steam generator would cost about $120 million uncon trolled. The control equipment would odd about $18 million to the cost and $1 a month to the average home power bill. Additional operating costs and amortization would be $5 million a year. * A typical 200-tons-per-doy municipal incinerator would cost $1,6 million, the control equipment, $200,000, Additional operating costs would be $50,000 a year. This would add $1 a ton to the present $3 cost or about $1 a year per citizen served. * A Portland cement plant of 2,5 million barrols a year would cost $16 million un controlled, and the control equipment would cost $700,000, This would add a maximum 5> to the current $3 per barrel cost, although operating and amortization would be $250,000 a year, * A 100,000-tcm-per-year nitric acid plant would cost $2.5 million uncontrolled, and control equipment would cost about $200,000, with operating costs and amortization $90,000 annually. This would add about 1% to the current $100-per-ton cost. * A 250,000-ton-per-year sulfuric acid plant would cost $3 million uncontrolled, and control equipment would cost about $900,000, EPA says. This would add a maximum 5% to the $30-a-ton cost, Operating and amortization costs of $240,000 per year would bo offset in large part by resource recovery. EPA officials also say they expect during 1972 to promulgate standards for IS to 20 additional typos of new sources. Among those expected to be included are: sewage sludge incinerators, iron and steel industry plants, pulp and paper plants, fertilizer plants, oil refineries, asphalt batching plants, small stenm-generator powerplants, secondary lead swelters, brass and bronze smelters and rendering plants, frKQl l \ QU tj Ticamsti *** WATER FINANCING RULES The financial groundrules for new water-resource projects would be considerably toughened under regulations proposed lost week (federal Jteyietcr, Dec. 21). Most important change: The interest charges used by water development agencies to reckon the long-term cost of their projects would be raised from S.625t to T. That figure, which should cut a number of marginal projects under consideration, is expected to be fought bitterly--cspecially by benefi ciaries of the navigation and irrigation projects, the hardest to justify economically. However, the proposals include a grandfather provision, exempting projects under consideration by Congress when the regulations become final next March, Already autho rized project* would be allowed to continue unless Congress has not funded them for at least five years. A large but unknown amount of the $4 billion Amy Corps of Engineers backlog would likely to cut down under these groundrules, but most of the bureau of Reclamation's $5.8 billion in pending projects would escape the axe. Environmentalists are expected to fight the grandfather clause strenuously. Comments will be accepted until March 31 by K, Don Maughan, director of the Water Resources Council, 21-0 L St, K.hWashington, t),C, 20037, Public hearings arc planned for 10 a,m. on March 20 and 21 nt the National Uuscum of History ft Technology, 11 St. and Constitution Avc, N.W. ** TTCniTtlUcitTf COMPUTER MOl'i'.l.lMG: Strong interest in ~ computer mode ling for predicting ambient pollutant conten- trat ions in the air over cities has been evident in recent engineering society meetings. Ambient ;iir quality is not 27, )0`/l/s>acjc J MONS 211388 i 0)1 ir o nice thing t0 ^now. but con also ' save industry money, For instance, if I o state can prove to the Environmental ! Protection Agency that a major emission Osource because of prevailing winds or location does not greatly affect air j1 quality over a nearby city, less stringent controls might be required. This is so although EPA and local air pollution board? arr committed to as 1 much emission reduction as is technically , feasible from all plants. There are so many emission problems, it stands to rea , son that those affecting air quality and I human health the uost will be expected , to be cleared up first, There is also son resistance in en' forcemant circles bccnusc of the feeling that the time for studies and measurements is past, and additional work of this na ture retards enforcement efforts. Fur ther, many of the new contracts for ! mathematical modeling are going to oero1 space firms and college campuses, HardI bitten enforcement people see this as | more of a political ploy to ease the em ployment situation among R&D people than j^^as an aid to enforcement, { That is the reaction among Southern [ California air pollution officials to a Whopping $1,607,384 contract Issued by ! tho California Air Resources Board to f North American Rockwell Science Center, Thousand Oaks, Calif, The director of I the study, T.L. Loucks, says "Tho experi- j ment will include an intensive program of ' air sampling in the Los Angeles Basin, I San Francisco Bay ond the San Joaquin i Valley.... Principal target of the v.peri- I ment will be oerosols, including dcvclop- 1 ment of tost instruments and techniques to measure these p*l Intents," To which I local officials say essentially, "what else is new?" Among the software available is I Sun*Oil's STACK program, for piedicting effects of large point suwicos on nn air shed (AWN, Oct. 26, 1070, p. 8). But , some pollution-control officials, noting J that source data (especially fur small, bmultiple sources) and meteorological con ditions aren't too well In own, Imre suc cessfully resorted to simplified manual techniques, One such model, in which lhe surface concent tat inn is directly proportional to local Mitnce stwny.th i and inversely propori i to wind speed, Al.VJ/nt'C'etnWi.T 27, 4 is described in this December's issue of the Air Pollution Control Association Journal, Author Steven Hanna, of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admini stration, says the model is nearly as good as more complex ones. Among the papers presented recently on atmospheric modeling are these three available for 75 cents each from the American Institute of Chemical Engineers; Air Pollution Climatology, G.C, Holiworth; Development and Initial Evaluation of an Urban Diffusion Model for Carbon Monoxide, N,B. Johnson et ml and Observations of Air Transport Paths in Urban Areas, J.K. Angel 1, Available for $3 ($1 to ASME members) from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers: A New Method to Forecast Air Pollutant Concentrations, U, Saxcna and K.C. Tsao, Both engineering organizations are located at the United Engineering Center, 345 East 47th St., New York, N.Y. 10017, ** * NO CATALYST TOR '74? Ford is testing four emission con trol system combinations for its 1974 California-bound cars. Nowhere in the list is the touted Engelhard platinum catalytic converter. But spokesmen for Ford insist that this does not affect 1975 plans for Ford to go platiiiin--at least not yet. Further, they say, a con tract between the two for Engelhard to supply catalytic converters for 1974 (AWN, June 7, p, 1) is still in effect. Ford will use at least some converters in limited testing programs, such ns in fleet vehicles, by 197-1, Unnecdcd con verters may be stockpiled if no further arrangement is worked out, Currently under consideration at Ford for 1974 California limits: simple modification of existing engine emission control components; engine modification plus exhaust gas recirculation; engine modification, exhaust gas recirculation plus air pnnp ond engine modification plus thermal reactor. None of the four systems requires either lead-fine fuel or the r.ngclh.nd catalyst. Prior to curly December, .ill lord emissions groups li.id been concen trating on catalysts for both 1!>71 Cali fornia standards and 197,r> fcdor.il st.ind- MONS 211389 urds on the assumption that lead-free fuel would be available state-wide in California by mid-1973. Denied assurances on lead-free fuel (ANN, Dec. 13, p. S), i Ford now say* it has lost one year of ^developmentill work and while it will '`market some kind of model that year" in California, it can't state now what type of system will be controlling its emis sions . Work on 1975 national standards will be held in abeyance, Ford said, un til some sort of California system is squared away. Company officials now in dicate they will eventually elect to fol low the course already decided upon by General Motors and Chrysler and conduct field tests of prospective 1975 systems using small company or government fleets where access solely to lead-free fuel is more easily controlled. At Ford, blowe for the failure to get lead-free fuel in California for the field test falls squarely on the shoulders of the federal r.PA, Its icluctancc to approve the use of uleaded gas for 1974 emission certification tests forced ford to rely on the California state legislature, which has rejected enforcement of Lead-free fuel distribution in two successive ses sions. Even were such a law passed in the session starting January, it would be too lato for the originally proposed Ford test program, sources there say. *** TRW, MITSUBISHI JOIN: A joint venture cor.ipany to market pollution-control equipment has been created by TRW and Mitsubishi, subject to Japanese government approval. The new firm, Civiltcch Corp., will be head quartered in Tokyo and capitalized in yen equivalent to $1 million. The company's first products will be TRVMs charged droplet scrubber JAKN, Oct7~2S\ p. 8} arid brT oir~conlfustion burner for industrial and utility applications. The burner is said to reduce nitrogen_ oxides^.e.raissions to.25.parts per mil lion "without recircu lation. SCIEHTISTC h'okRV GVi-k KBs * AT LANDMARK NTEHS MEETING Is the scare over polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) In the <6 environment justified? nearly one hundred scientists from around the world gathered in Worth Carolina last week to discuss PCBs under the auspices of the National Institute of environmental Health Sciences, Covering the meeting for Arow was McGraw-Hill reporter Nil tepkowski, a biochemist by training. The tentative conclusion on the basis of "chaotic" data; PCBs arc a poten tially serious and pressing environmental danger. And brickbats were reserved for Mon santo, the Jujjor world producer of PCBs, for not detailing its customers, That attitude could apply to other companies producing long-lived chemicals as well. Polychlorinated biphenyls ore everywhere. Scientists hove detected these ubiquitous and toxic chenicJls in rainfall, unsediiaentcd Arctic lakes, snow fields and the ocean-, they're in the body fat of most birds, fish, animals, and nan; they've killed mink in quantities as small os ten parts per million in the body; they've contaminated poultry and have turned up in rccyclc-d food packaging materials. Spectacular industrial out breaks of PCH poisoning have occurred in Japan and West Germany, producing horrendous skin eruption in persons affected by huge doses of thousands of parts per million. They arc bad news, " How bad w* on* reason scientists traveled last week to a rustic North Carolina conference center called Quail Roost. Topics ranged from onzymology to corporate ac countability, And among the many policy problems underscored, this one stood out; Mon santo Co., Americn's solo manufacturer of I'CRs nnd in the |*CR ptoduction business since the early 19.30's, must release more info'-nntion on the identities of its customers. The meeting itself was designed to debate scientific rather than policy issues, ^ and sin,lining up the lt;o-doy affair was (Jr. Norton Nelson, chief of environmental medicine 'j^t New York University. Anting the top voseurch issues and gaps Nelson underscored: * Shortage of ;m.iJyt ir;il tools for detecting imptirilics in test samples of PCUs. There nro 210 pov:jb!c variation*:, Hut also mixed in with technical-grade samples .ire tviphenyls and several di ff< rent reaction products. , ` ' ) \ AhW/A-'CvinbiT 77, 1971/pirii 1 HONS 2U390 * These complex mixtures point up toxicological problems, too. Which of the hun dreds of possibilities actually cause damage? Nelson hold up for praise a paper given by J.G. Vos of the University of Utrecht, Netherlands, that tried to tie pathology to specific chemicals within the mixture. Vos showed, for example, that chlorinated dibemofurans caused edema in test animals. PCBs themselves caused hepatic porphyria, andQj) chlorinated dibenzofurans were responsible for liver damage and skin lesions in various test animals. * The most advanced biochemical studies of PCB impact on the entymo system are on the so-called ATi'-ases which control the supply of energy to cells. But the details are still skimpy, showing little more than an inhibitory effect, which would be expected anyway. Nevertheless, Nelson said the enzyme approach offers the best technique for understanding the toxicological details of PCB impact on living things. * There are still too many gaps in determining tho ecological flow of PCBs in the environment; where PCBs come from, where they go, and whore they end tip. Needed are better data on PCBs in rainfall and othor atmospheric routes that move thorn all over the world. No one yet knows whether PCBs are transported in particles or in the vapor phase, or whether in water supplies they move as particles or through microorganisms, * Too little is known about the breakdown of PCBs in the environment by light or other physical factors, and what part these products play_J.n toxicity, * Environmental monitoring needs considerable iaprovemont. "It's not clear," said Nelson, "that data arc being collected from various forms of the biota in an orderly way. As extension of this kind of analysis occurs, it is going to be inevitable that tome general rules of sample selection and placement strategies are going to hav* to be improved if we'ro to get a reasonable return." * Distribution of PCBs in food "has matured pretty well." Food protection author-(^1 ities have a good idea whore PCBs are found in food, Nelson said, and in some instances ^ where they aro coming from. Nelson said he was impressed with the similarities between the U.S. and Swedish patterns of PCB occurrences in foods, * The most disturbing thing from PCB research up to now, said Nelson, "is how extraordinarily ubiquitous these materials arc and how without any warning wo suddenly discover that they aro found overywhoro wc look, from blood plasma to Arctic lakes." * Man Is more resistant to PCBs than other species studied. Shrimp is the most sensitive of all, killed by concentrations as llttlo as one part par million. Mink is the most sensitive mammal,,-showing reproductive damage at less than ten ppm. Nelson Said that much moro work needs doing on species susceptibility differences and said he couldn't "take much comfort from the Monsanto data" that showed scant toxicity to rats in concentration^** high aa 100 ppm. Studios done olsewhcre, Nelson said, have turned up some evidenbladder cancer in rats. "The picture is clearer than it was six months ago but far from clear. And the biggest gaps I see arc to look for malig nancies much moMFcnttly, run down this disparity between species which stands as a real puzzler, i*d gross patterns of toxicity," * Nelson also said tho field would remain chaotic and get nowhere unless rcscm-chers agreed to choose up to ten out of the some 210 possible PCB isomers and do thorough toxicological research on each. Until they do, he said, there would be no way to mean ingfully compare data on any type of pathology. But picking out the choice ten for study won't he easy. Last month, after consjdoi^ able pressure fron cnvironr..?iitnlists and tlie federal government, Monsanto finally re- 'w leased its production jipurest 42,SCO ions produced in 1970, 353,000 tons manufactured since I960, Hut that dope is not enough to satisfy the researchers. As Nelson pul it; "It is inexcusable that cheat sir. r-tlll have to run around with test tubes analyzing materials suspected of cuntainiup. pCUs, There is n public responsibility here which /wk/BpcchiJn*r 27, ly/1 //vw 6 #ONS 211391 would require as a first step that there be an open disclosure of sources and use of these haiardous materials," The movement of PCBs through the industrial environment may be easier to trace now, sinco Monsanto has United the sale of PCBs to customers using them in such internal, closed environment systems as heat exchangers outside the food industry, transformers and capacitors. Monsanto has also begun a program of calling back to its Sauget, 111., plant for disposal all used PCD-contoining equipment. ' But up to > few months ago, PCBs were going into industrial and road paints, hydrau lic fluids, lubricants, cardboard sealants and putties, soil stabilisers and purposes not even Monsanto ha* imagined. There arc studies to trace the environmental flow of PCBs, from origin to end organisms, but the efforts so far are primitive, mainly be cause no one will talk about sources. Many scientists suspect PCB fallout from jet airliners. But the airlines so far haven't disclosed whether they are still using PCBs in their lubricants or hydraulic fluids. Further pressure related to occupational safety could raise Monsanto's sweat quo tient. Since PCBs are toxic they pose.not only an environmental but an occupational threat at both the manufacturing and usage level. The Health, Education and Welfare Department's Occupational Safety and Health Institute has the authority to step in and order Monsanto to disclose clinical data on workers involved in PCB manufacture. Neither the Council on Environmental Quality nor the Office of Science and Technology has pressed such an effort. CEQ's Terry Davies, co-chairman of the interagency ad hoc PCD committee, says thcro ore no plans to begin such a study in election-year 1972, "PCBs are not high on the occupational health priority list," he says. But he indicated the day after the Quail Roost meeting that such a study would be rocoiKeendcd. The slowness of the federal government to press Monsanto for easily obtainable health data points up the traditional leadership void still remaining over environmental policies. Lacking a toxic substances act there is no federal agency for concentrating policy decisions--primnrily for getting needed information instantly from private enter- prise--short of a Presidentially declared national emergency. Decisions thus are made obliquely and seldom pet to the heart of a problem. Most of the public turns to the Environmental Protection Agency as the chief spokosman. Most action over TCBs has come so far from the Food and Drug Administration, under its food protection mandate, Cut 1:DA has no power to regulate the non-food industries. The major fallout from the Quail Roost meeting from the buttonhole effect; A mammal inn toxicologist could debate with a fishery scientist why high-chlorine PCBs arc more toxic to birds th.ui low chlorine PCBs, and why the fish follow the opposite pat tern. Another research policy issue punctuated was the need for scientists to specify dosages in thcflkgmsicity studies, F.P. Lichtenstein of the University of Wisconsin told AKN that, SO parts per million wore the significant concentrations to keep in mind as relerafl^cW human health effects, Anything larger was unrealistic. Otic issue remained totally unanswered at the meeting: 1 ong-term chrome effects of PCBs. Hint work is just beginning. And it was agreed that the PCI! issue won't wither away us has the i..crcury toxicity .score, background levels of mercury were just ns high 50 yearn ago as they are today in usny areas. Not so with pots, 'ihcy are u Man-made chemical and they stay around a long tine. *** TiTtTsTAiTsT~ S~i ~i s~I'.Ti0T CAL] FOI'N'J \C'.ov, Ronald Reagan h;tr. signed into law a bill prohibiting the Mate from 3oj"i7g''T)I7sTiiei!:s in excess of 55,000 with any persons or firm* not coup lying tub air and water pollution J.iws and rogulat mnr.. COl.ORAlK); '/he state ntluiucy general's office has ruled that the Air Pollution aWW/l'it.'r'rn'.or ?V, V MONS 211392 Control Commission does rot have the authority to require instal ]ation of emission moni toring equipment by industry, Tlie office also ruled that n proposed state automobile testing program cannot be enforced. The commission thinks it has emission monitoring authority under federal clean air regulations, but will ask the Colorado legislature to write authority into state law anyway. ^ FI.0R1DA power t Light is asking the state Public Service Commission for an elastic clause Wits rate contracts--to allow for passing on pollution-control costs automati 1 cally to the consumer. * Phosphates will be allowed in certain specialty detergents for an extra six months beyond the scheduled January 1 ban, the Dade County Pollution Control Hearing Board has ruled. Phosphates would be allowed in such cleaners as dishwasher detergents, and those for hospitals, food processing and the dairy industry. The ban on phosphates in laundry detergents and household cleaners still stands (AWN, Dec. 6, p. 6). ILLINOIS; Commonwealth Edison has appealed a federal district court's preliminary injunction against the Atomic Energy Commission's issuing a S0\ operating permit for the Quad Cities nuclear poucrplnnt (ANN, Dec, 20, p. 4). The utility asked for "expedited consideration" of the ease because of what it terms an urgent need for the power the plant would produce, if the appeals court approves the appeal, the case could be heard as early as January 3; if not, a six-month wait is likely, A company spokesman called the decision granting the preliminary injunction "certainly upsetting." But things could get worse: the court Commonwealth Edison had to appeal to is the same one that t handed down the Calvert Cliffs decision--putting Quad Cities' operating license-procedure j into doubt in the first place. i I` j MASSACHUSETTS: Gov. Francis Sargent Says his state will seek bids for recycled ' paper products, .Coining such states ns New York and California. The state would like O recycled fiber in the 45 million rolls of adding machine paper and 420,000 scratch O pads it will order soon. I ; NEW YORK CITY: Flamboyant city Air Resources Commission Robert Rickies announced ! his resignation last week, effective February 1. He said he plans to help organize a ; citizens* pressure group to fight for better mas* transportation in the city. Despite ongoing disputes between Rickies and top officials in Mayor John V. Lindsay's admini! strat ion, the resignation was apparently not forced, and the initiative for it came < from Rickies, He had submitted a letter of resignation four months ago, but was pnr- ' suadod to stay on by city Environmental Protection Administrator and mayoral hopeful 1 Jerome Kretchmor. Krotchmcr didn't protest this time. Deputy Commissioner Fred Hart will take over temporarily, and perhaps permanently. Klcklcs said ho fools he has done all he can within govemmont, and can safely leave the "nitty gritty" eforcing the city's tough comprehensive air code to Hart. However, some environcojAttsts fear that enforcement will suffer without Rickies' strong presence. Rickies said oKttuld announce his support for a presidential candidate within the next few weeks. PraStfi, he said that he would not support cither Lindsay or Sen. Edmund Mitskic ns long as-his alternative to President Nixon is still in the race, lie avoided criticizing Lindsay in his farewell speech, but flayed unnamed men within his admini stration for "remarkable and unpardonable shallowness." WASHINGTON: A $225 million bond issue for waste disposal facilities is included in a rhVush"ii>j;\o put lire" program to be submitted to the state legislature in January by Gov. Dan Evans, | ntt*andvti:i;*nfiW3 1 I a U* i\VM 4?nii Ml,* H UKjX | 1 l,i: >*>l IHiuhwin; (2l?i (j/l |.i*M -O General Ug^i,IlMJrr /mvwki Nrwt I ililtm A/> ini Won WeVimpwn l.dtna Jtttv l ligulo'i Mi.lweslcm lalilti/i- llirheWSAi UMck (Ottri;*>l IxInorU) A\ji|jnl towif <.i.-r,,inrg Jjiiin ItWjUi litriiml) Cnreblniir ijhu I tirini, Stnilhf/li I rl<11W1 A/.ij / iJtrr IAIIjhH) W. .1 (i`.ul I iliiut /..Mi h'ar/r/fr/i t.Wn I tlirain th hJiri Hu oinin.n <:)?! v?11, on IVUnlni Alftt J S IVitl HONS 211393