Document JBQ691w3ro7LDdXjpy07eVVa

mtrosr.n staniwcii 1. Vinyl chloride (chlotoclhene) smiirul Abstracts Sen icc Kepittry No. 75015. is a syn dic chcrr enl made by oxycliloriii.iiinii of ethylene or . `jd;r.Marin,uiun of acetylene. Ii n the parent com* jr.J -*f ? series of thcrmoj-l.islic rc:in polymers and ;*;.!>r.rcij ate widely used for containers, wrap* . c'jilrical inMiljiion. jipc. conduit. and a vatic-' f riba * Vinyl chloride ha-. been made coin* .-{ciidly H litis country since 1939 anl present produc- n is in access cf seven billion poun.U per year. Vi;i\S eh1 rride (VC) is a gas at aml'icni temperature a J prc.'iov and is a chlorinated hydrocarbon which has . !ci;.ic l.-cr toxicity. The previous standard set u ceil* value -tf >0") parts per million (ppm) (29 CFR i I*'-;), IVSle G-l). tin Ja:ui..iy 22, l'>74, the Occupaliimal Safely and l.-.iiih AdminiMraimn (OSIlA) was informed by the I'ltitute for Occupational Safety and Health CK 'SI 11 "ut lha U, |`. Giiodrieh (`I.emical Company : ;ti-J il *:t deaths of several nf its employees from a lucr I'uncer (ao;rinsarcn:na) may have been oc- , :i,-t al: related. As it rev-.ilt of lid. notification and c.;:;i 'i.iliuit with the National Institute fur Oc- . pi-licr.al Safety and Health (NIOSH). and a joint in; .-ciu-a of (tie plain by OSHA. NIOSII. and the Ken- .i.y n.'i'.irtmcat of Labor, a fact-finding hearing on - h-var.h invoked with the manufacture and use VC was anii j.in.Cvl on January 30, li/74 (39 I'll 387-1) J r.elJ c't February 15, 1974. 2, Cc'iinor.t-tuiuiy of I'C. Information produced al `i healing dtincnstrated that exposure of laboratory (ntosily Spr igue-H.ioley rats) io VC by inhala- . al jnJ b:l>r-v t!:e then current OSH A standard of 500 ::i ia.ioreJ lim-.ors, including anj-iysatcoitias of the ,..r. 1'irAssor ('esnre Mallnni. of the Instilulo cli On. Hulngr.a, Italy, reported on a series of cv mints ort lit-: effect of ctposure of rats. mice, and 7:ci* to VC at concentrations of 10.000; (>,000; i. ). 2?9; and 53 ppm for varying periods of time I It-t 1-6)1. Some nf the c\per in units have been couclud!. ell ers are still ongoing. 1 lie cvgcrinicntal results .uicJ were tls.it tumors have been observed in groups i a-..malt cvposeJ to VC at concentrations as low as 350 - ,:i. No tamers were observed in ihc group of animals aseJ to VC al a concentration of 50 ppm. It also chakciss Note: Underlining denotea words, phrases, sentences or sections of the Proposed Standard for vhie(t changes have been suggested. REASON VOIl CHANCES DRAFT 3 . S-23-7L It i RSV 0 0 1 1 0 4 1 4 rfci'.e j Pi~- ,'osf.p standard appears lh.il the total number nf tumors, as well as the numbers of anri">arcomas of the liver, decreased as the ccnerntralious ><: VC were reduced lo 350 ppm. Another experiment by lb. fc.snr Malmni wax reported underway ins.-|ving the exposure of 300 animals to VC at coiiccnK.uiu's of SO p;:tt. in order to axcsx in a more definitive a ay whether lli.it level of exposure produces tumors in .-aimnts. Patn uporicJ by Ti'tkclxnn. Oycn and Udwc (American Industrial Hygiene Association J 33: 254-3fd I! '(>!}) indicate that exposure to VC at concentrations of : '< j pm faded lo inJucc tumors in rats, hamsters, rabbits, .i-d dugs. The employees of the B.T\ Goodrich Chemical Com pany who died front anpio.arcoau of the liver had on ;>ir.sfe exposure of oppruximaicly 19 years to vinyl rMar.Jc. at unknown concentrations, and variable ex- teres to ether volnlible chemicals, (in 93). .Some employces of Union Carbide, firestone 'l ire and Rubber, ; id Goodyear were also reported in post-hearing cum* to lime l: .J exposure to v*n>I chloride and to have s' i ,t fi i.;n aupi.- ..irfiiina of the liver, l ia.illv, aulu|i<ics of : -ar tUw.w.J employ CCS revealed their liver annnsar..-aij luinoix wire liixtnliuricall) indistinguishable from '*e ar'j-iuinu.'ma tumors observed in Professor M.diuni'x experimental animals. 3. 7/ir f.'/Mircerrrr '/Wupruary SmnJant. On (lie -ixiv of all information mailable at that time, and (lie fi.t that entpt.w.ces were being expotcil at levels around : r cxpcrimmudly oliorrvcd elfect level of 250 ppm, an 1 mcrpencx Temporary Standard (ETS) vvas .ail l;.ned on April 5. 1974 (39 FR 12342) as 29 CI:K l !0 9).|. T'.ix standard reduced the level front a ceiling . *i:0 I'pnt to fO ppm ceiling. It was expressly rccugniicd ..I this it:* id.ird limiting exposures to a 50 ppnt level .s intended to be a tentative, interim standard, to be in :'\vl no hr per iha.i six months, duriiit which time the ' . ip.cxij -it of possible safe exposure to VC would be /.'^i.-idcrci! marc fully and in the light of more informa* n. rxpc.'i. -ly results of experiments which were known : I; Li;de;..jy at that time. TO Vi C o o o -r fxj CHANCES REASOi: 1011 CHANCES ( < i 4 *0+1 u T. CV. c xo v ^a * --* w a6. * cu3oc 4) H rrtsi oX cE. oxc U > eUec o es --^c* o VWVO4 oub 6c40 Q u 3o ClO H41 Vn* oC1 g co xWc wg --e go q 3 ka> tW1 ;5 C u (J c- 3O X0 UW C co w aEwX. oCose> o*-o1 P qc u s: og9> U C UW r~ --3' --4u-J)i C. tei 54 575:? uEO 22oSS * i u RSV 0011043 < ' pnftPosEQ standard CHANCES REASON H>K i.iuv.vw.a f R. MoV-ilori'-Z. A program of monitoring v>ould he .iryJ :t> v;tnl.Ii-h v.{I.-titct ;{t;rc :ifjHctcJtsMc ITvtfi .i.v i> a::;l to i^iriil >Mcnmn:Hmn of >. :.:: ct*on .ir. i.lu.i' huriv I'iovimoii . . ,.;j t-c (or ;m Oj-p.mi::iity lo observe . r..io;i.:p by t.n;>lo) ves or ilirir iLriyn.nvd repftsenlives, ss tequiuU by section { (c) (1) of the Acl. C. ' Coutrul n:t,if:ui!\. M heir .fcUvi.ihlc levels of VC r two proi'r.Mv.s hquIi! Irig.y-rcJ; ami . ; -; n.yfe pr.iL~:;c proto Kilucc levels ! r> .1:.; a:J wl.ik li.is > <ni coin, a res- i> ::lcctur. rnyj.im luf employees intlicVcgit- l.r,r;-..*nr.g controls nr.ii work practices arc favored r: I. of compliance because ilicy tviul.lo avoid con* l. ; of |?rc jmhunl air in the workplace. Accor- i* :i-!y. it is proposed to require tire institution of c.-pii'ctfn*;;* controls and of wcrkprnrucc methods as .*,*n on k.i *bJc. and 10 require the use of respirators pen* il/j tlx: iioliuiti'Hi of such controls, to supplement such , i|ju!s where they arc imutiku-nt to icilncc convcn- i*. :ij > cf vinyl chloride hvloiv the d.tcctalilc level, in ; i work situ.niitnt. ami in easts of emergency. The r :.! for c.mti:ni.v.is thr.v :i;,d pro?, i-.e tlon.unl iypes ; t.-: l^.ixcil_on the ti'svmnend.ui*>ns of - * iOSiC w `.ic!n..i otv.ctv. J l-.ikir'c l-rourh chemical rtn.i , i. r ire'< at hi*~:i e-.T.vtnir iis m vL. A re i ciit tie vslahh ..;ed for the pr/>%) n a:-..I :i'-c of pr.tiedivc clml'inp for employees in the :. ;--.:i,!H.t are.is. i he protective eJoikis./ would niinimi/c .* .:t ei.t.al with VC vapor, ami untilj provide some a .MM.rv of protection from spl.-.di of li<;uid in tliceiciil .'i a spill or rupture of eipiipatviii. food, bev erases, and Id r p:e facts would be prohibited in the regulated area. Written Dpctation.il and emergency plans would be t: .teJ. al.ina with tinpluyee trainiitj* in routine and r- erfcncy Unties. Speeifc rednircnicais would be cs- '.i/li.h.d Tor emergency actions and for routine n kr.tcrjntc and Jecoataxination operations, including vessel entry, which are known to preiem particular h^:atds. A program of personnel or area monitoring would be requlrec to establish the levels In regulated areas, as defined In paragraphs A-l, A-il, and A*-ill, and to permit determination of employee exposures on an Individual basis. Proposed abatement schedule recognizes levels of vinyl chloride in the regulated areas. Where detectable levels of VC are monitored, two programs would be triggered; an engineering and work practice program to reduce levels, as defined in paragraphs A-i, A-ii, and A-lJ.1; and while this Is on-going, a respiratory protection program for employees In the regulated area when the celling level Is exceeded, as defined In paragraph A-l, A-il, and A-lll. Recognizes levels of vinyl chloride in regula areas and requires respiratory protection for employees when levels are above the proposed *?.,* dard as defined tn A-l, A-tl, and A-ltlv !, levels as defined in paragraphs A-l, A-li, and A-lll, Canister respirators can be used In work areas when VC levels do not exceed^^lKppm. In VC levels exceedlng/$0ppm, a continuous flow air respirator or pressure demand air respirator Is to be used. 'pjf/*>/rOA/v\An/ oe ycjVao ul. s&o/ysrf To change from detectable to proposed sched:l To provide an Interim protection device vher*' our tests demonstrate that a canister rcsplrat- : can be effective up to SOppra* for ll-hours. TIL. permits employee freedom of iroverenc to either exit the area or procure more suitable protec j l Delete "Specific" Specific written rcqulrenents t-ould net be practical for emergency operations. Pcr.cral guidelines could be provided, bpt in an c-crrcrthe employee handling the cnergency would have : take whatever specific action is required by th- nature of the emergency situation* 30 Vc) o o o r* l-.;ti|-OSi:it ST/.M>AK CHANCES TS:c purpose* of operational and emergency plans and u.itnisj arc t< apprise cmplnyve of lira hazards to which ! ;y may la evpi'tol, of llur precautions they must lake avji.l >uc!i lia/jnh, and lo rehearse employees in the '.ve.'J.iies they nuii follow in emergencies. 1). Mt'lh.'til .%iirtsiilitncr. Comprehensive re* qmrentenn for employee medical examinations arc propavcJ. iiu'.iiiinj necessary tests. Some additional y.sJar.ee is io.liidcJ for the convenience of physicians. 1 l.o proposed requirement* have been recommended lo OMIA !;. NinSH as reasonably appropriate to detect liter dvsfuneiien which may be indicative of. or prcdi'j-iising lo. the development oftiver angiosarcomas. 1 i\t-rar,h ,7n,l reborn. Records of moniloring, :.:;Jlc.d examinations. and entry in regulated areas are |i:>'pa>cil. vv ::li provision of aeecss by appropriate OSIIA .i.'.d NIOSII oflieiah. Specific provisions for employee a,vc:S lo monitoring records arc included, as well ai the ir^mrcntvr.l to furnish a copy of a medical record lo an imphiyec's physician on the employee's request. I lildi'limcitli conduciinp VC operations would be re* pared >o identify llicnmUcs lo 0S1IA, and 10 renort in* *v:*:s fa.vitl.-mvl tcsnliinc in llie release of vinyl ii>: il.1. Accmdiuyly. pursuant 10 sections 6 (b\. 6 (c). and % of the Occap.ilmiial Safely and I kalili Ael of 1970 (S4 S52I. IS'J). IMS. IJ51;: 29 U.S.C. 655. 657). Secretary of I j'mr's Order No. 12-71 (56 F.R. S7J4) ami 29 Cl R 1`aii |9l 1, il is hereby proposed 10 amend Pan 1910 of In'; 29 of the Code of I'eJcral Regulations by revising $59l0.95cj as set forth below. Written d.sl t. views, and arguments concerning ihe prepusalx ns.iy he mailed to the Docket Officer. Docket (.ill-26. Room 250, 1726 M Street. N.W..Occupational Safety and llealili Administration. Washington, DC. 2(010. postmarked not later than June 10. 1974. Pursuant to 29 CFR 1911.II (b) and (c). interested persons may file objections to the proposals, requesting : n informal hcar.ng with respect thereto, in accordance w;:h the following conditions: v co report incidence (accidence) resulting in the release of vinyl chloride sufficient Co produce acute symptoms among worker# exposed or having contact with vinyl chloride. REAM'S H)K CHAi.w.n t Change to follow NIOSK'e MaJeh 11, 1974 definition of an emergency. | ( 50 60 < O o * in on th e t le v e l measured;t l . . 25ppo . 20* lOppn 30X, lppm 50*. 1uH Vco D ec r S u Ck Ck 3 W mw co ?E o x 0- H * rt Ac U AtiS u o co ntut A c 3 Jit" ey K it kvVo, vU ^5c--_-tcJ<j 5 -3 a s a g g' <2w *3 * . !2 5 A 'T. :*w",. "a. ?-X 'c* ;=; RSV 0011046 PROPOSED STANDARD ' CHANCES 0) 7hl\ section docs noi apply to ilic handling or use i-r7^l fs.MivJ pro;hiCts wodc entirely Of in p:ui of ' I.vinyl cl.kifuk*. (ir) (1) "Assistant Secretary" means Ilic A**i'i:!r.! Secretary of Lahor for Occupational Safety J ik.ilili. U S. Department of Labor or his ilcvipnce. O) "Atilhuri/ed tniplaycc'' mean* un employee :;."c Jjiicv require him to he in the regulated area ami vli,t I,.14 kva epccillcatly assumed by lire employer; cmd -^.^.-mp>iHgc-ss4n>~Htvf-iirch~~an~~afeit at a-ih:*it:flau.d-- -x^r^ecrrt.-rtlrc-of-wstpIrTyccTto-rsciLrsL'Tm ojtponmiiiy to-- (3) |.l) "ClotcJ rniiuincr" means any container which presents ih: release of vinyl cliluridc in tltcenriiuninuil." ^ oJoAttnn? 4. Tf\#Ui. dr(ico *?*. f Ce/'f-* N) **ConU:ni:i,ited" means capable of relciisinr, a means i release of a level of vinyl chloride as describee ' :v.~taV.e level of vinyl cMoridj. in paragraph (a) section (2), 15) `TkconMnunation" me ms reduction of vinvl means reduction of vinyl chloride concentrations to less . cn~ce*:rn:iori< to less detectable levels. th&n levels described In paragraph (a) section (2). ,; "U."e:t.:y:e level" means an nirburnc conecntra-V^ :i:n cf vinyl chloride measurable hy a sampling and J -- A.cV'fe er.:.lyli;a( method capable of measuiii'g conccniratiom/ cf 1 ppm. with an accuracy of | ppm ! SU't, * vinyl chloride with an accuracy as described in para i7) "Director" means, the Director, National graph (2) section (2)(tv). I . uttiie ft r Oeenpjtio.-.al S ifviy and I kali It, or any per* * i directed hy him or the Secretary of Health. F.duca3!'.J iV'diare to act for the Director. % !) "Lmcrycr.cy" nuvas an tmloiMtcn circumstance e; cf ci*;umst:vv--os. rcmltm; in ll rt-!eae of vinv| ..U.' ffeai vej'':ed l*y employee*. "Tj " L v;: j-krc"'""means "actual contact with vinyl .1 ! ride whin unprotected hy requited personal protec- . e .led clothing. means an unforeseen circumstance or set of circumstances, such ss a ruptured transfer line, resulting In the release of vtnyL chloride sufficient to product acute symptoms among workers exposed or having contact with the vinyl chloride. (;0) "|:.ibricjte.l product" means a finished product : ; art cf n:h product, made of polyvinyl chloride, cn- kh of in part, including seiiiilinislo d products such i.lm. !:*::. bUv.k, liar, or cvtnisinn stack, ill) "OSHA Area Difectur" means the Director for : ().cap,.lion,il Safety and llealili Administration :t OIf;:c Lavir.v jurisdiction over the geographic area > iih the o li.Iiraeni is Inented. rJT> "Polyvinyl chloride" means polyvinyl chloride ; >op* y <n;r or copolymer before such is converted to a il.j'.e.l product. fill `TroScclive clothing" means clothing protective s| virtj I chloride. 30 < O o o * si REASON FOR CHANCES ! | t Change to follow NIOSH's March 11, 1974 definition of an emergency. PWftrOXEP STANDARD ;I * * V i n > f c fi 10 f id c " means vinyl chloride .rn-.cr. I?) 'U'jjls resin" means any resin or oilier reaction ! :.-is remen ed in (he clearing of equipment, such as jU fi'-hf. c) A'l/.-rrwu'. Cohere of American I'rilholaghil. 230 Mi.-J.iV.T Av.\ t.'hivMjto, Illinois AUMH, !) /<<*;;:i.,iir.-./ i.vc.it. 11) A regulated area shall be cs- where (i) vinyl chloride is munufaciurcd, ::cd. re'ea'cd. nI'aekaeed. stored, or used: or r*:?i I thioridc capable of releasing detectable civ if ih'.l !?{:ride is r.i;muf.u:i red, Reacted. rckas- ti I. sioreil. or used. 1) A.c.m lo tf 'ul.i'.cd areas shad be limited to ! I riUflgrru*. pts-i :?) A daily rosier of cni|do>ccs entering regulated . s <! ili : made and maintaineJ. The rosters, or sumlivv if crcof. shall he kept lor at least 20 years. c) A/i*nf-*r(I) livery u-pul.itcd area shall be r rjre<l f.u ikifflah'e levels of vinvl ehloriJe. 12) I he n:o.*.::urinp shall assure that any exposure v he d.r.-rrti-cd U r each antliorireJ employee with a - 'f i-'vet oi '*) l-r.j'iovetfS or their tlevj'-naled renrescntaiives . i be allorded an opportunity to observe immitoring 2 nuavjria^: required by lliiv f-.irr;n:`>. (i) Where cx cf ciV'-Ktiiuiy requires entry t. an area where use of piolc.iivc clothing, equipment, facilities, or .e-lures is re<;uired. such clothini*, equipment, ..i'.-v. and j'K'vvd'jres shall lie ;nov id-..! to all persons :VJ to ev.rcisc tlic cpportunil). a| no cost to any of ) Pirson; cicrchinj the opportunity shall be in* ;icJ tv.-aiding: (A) liter toxicity and fire haiard of I tkl-'r;Jc: ard I) ti e pr> tccitvc steps and measures necessary for r ; ri'te;lam. r.) (jl:`.:ncrs shall lie permitted, without inrv.ee in 'he pr/o.tt performing the nmiiinring and to: (A| ubverve all steps ami procedures ; ,) in ihe cidleciii.p, pmcc-tvina. and evaluation of r.it.ir moi itoriii-;. and measurement :;:;npkj; record quantities and resuits ohiimicd; observe cond.tion of mmi;oring and measuring p:::ir.t: CHANCES la manufactured, reacted, released, repackaged, atoned or used, and Levels of vinyl chloride described in para* grajsh (a) section (2), are released to the work area. Delete employees are not exposed to vinyl chloride exceeding the levels described in paragraph (a) aectlon (2). ' designated employee respresentatives REASON I'OR CHANCES \ Recognizes allowable levels of vinyl chloride in the work area. Time cards would be utilized for employees assigned to the regulated area and .a roster would be utilized for visitors and employees not assigned to the regulated area. Recognizes allowable levels and accuracy of monitoring of vinyl chlorld in the work [areas. The representative would ha e to be an employee or an employees representative as recognized In the union contract. RSV 0 0 1 1 0 4 8 4 ' . ....v: j PROPOSED STANDARD .')) receive a dcnipnilniiun of (he calibration and .. i ,tU<n lexis of i|-.e inonilorinp and measuring equip* ; ('t/fii:nicd on itc; :ir.d ) cx.imlru ir.sui:clion$ am] documents related to 'in.tdaKf anil equipment for monitoring and *urr!t\ j Aicurc'.e and complete records of all required linrir.f tl' ill be made ami m.iinlaiiivJ Tor not less rD \eji, Such a record <h::ll (<) wale ibe dale of , monitoring arJ il:c levels il.Mcnnir.al; and i ) ' ucoiib' the instruments j:td hk-iIuxIs used. i:1 .It..\/.i cnni'nh Mi.l tmvhot/j. \\ !-. (c dcic .tub1-: l.-v cl* cfvinsl chlqriit.- arc measured, i- . iviii.:!-: r^ -ccicn shall Itc prund-td avainsl exposure : ' ciilo-it1 c by the me ol cngwie;rinc_co.Ttrpf}^ ;."mci:iv itilb<'i}s. and fcipir.Hors as follows: h) Icitiblc engineering controls and workpracliec -ilnds shall imii'.crfi:itcly be nvcj in reduce airborne ..cnStiitions of vinyl cltloiidc below tire delectable |.<) Wherever feasible engineering controls and (-urlicc ntelhoJl which can be instituted im* -. arc rot tuiTcitni to reduce concentrations of .: \l cbbjriJc kela-.v the detcet.ihVe level, lliey sliall none* '.<s h: u tJ to reduce I'.: concentrations to the: ! . c`t praelieeblc level, and shall be applciiicnlcri by ' v-: re-.'ifaiors in accordance with paragraph (g) of i.'itieebon: , Wherever no feasible ci'j-iiKdin;; cmtirul Of .-recii.v meiiiid can be in-minted immediately, int::c re-pir.ttwiy *>roUcliun sls.i!' be pnw ided in uccor* r.ns w*;l. p-ragropli (:) of this vetin:i: and Ir. er.y ease covered by paragraph (0 <l) (") r 0 of thiv section, il.s employer shall aWo undertake ns ;n rs practicable a program lo reduce airlinrncconcen* ul vinyl cidv-ridc below ihe detectable level, or to ; *:ej:e\: client feasible, solely by means of engineer* r ..<-.:.cIs and wcriprjcticc methods and as soon as j.'j li.crc shall be lots made for process or equip* - : ii I. m'.,s j;;d for emission of vinyl c|,f.<;itlc which may a': front Mirlpraclirci. The Dequeue) of ihesc tests he aeh as t<i insure the mu/nty of equtpnieni and ! i e b proper wo.-epf u live:;. CHANCES (1) Where detectable levels of vinyl chloride are measured, above the levels described in paragraph (a), section (2), Immediate protection shall be provided against exposure to vinyl chloride by the use of engineering controls, work practice methods, and/or respirators as follows:- levels described in paragraph (a) section (2); levels described in paragraph (a) section (2), levels described in paragraph (a) section (}), Delete REASON TOR CHANCES To recognise proposed TWA and ceilin'' abatement schedule. in f Eliminates redundancy .in the description.* f RSV 0 0 L 1 0 4 9 4 C1MMCKS REASON von CIIAKCEsi If) Rc.tpirototy protection. (J) A respiratory prolcc* p;i'pr.im in accordance wiili $1910.13-) shall be cs- ;.i 1. -!:cJ .ii.d iii!f>!tmcnii;d ultcic respirators arc re* i;: rvi! lo I'v used by iliiv scclmit. {3} Respirators shall be used only in cases of c:: ctf.'r.cy ar.d where required hy any orher provision of scciiin. Respirators may not be used in lieu of fcasiengineering controls or worlprncticc methods. ()) Respirators or combinations of respirators for rr.*tc-:*jr. a.*:.:im vinyl chloride siiail he.selected from PMl.e t`. li ;* try: (i) A positive pressur^fidl facepiece q- :-c.r.:.dnw j niTMt.uus; rat A prcsM'.rC'Jcr.kism! loll fnccpiccc si'f-conmined 1 r: i;:y apparatus operating in pressure-demand A coii.bin.iUtii t)pc "C`* continuous Row r" j* i:a:or rT3 a pressure-demand mil facepiece jJjc;-;i.ifr.'; i; the pn:->iirci.''ni;ir.d mode and a ; : seTf."Up fTHTi* apparatus c in tlic f-:essi:c*iie;uai<d n>- lc; or <i>) A Cuir.l ir.jli.in tspe "C" continuous flow K-rre-.M n::J ^pressure-demand__self-coatained ;r;*.:ra!as operatm;! in_tli.r prcssurc-dcaiand (3) Canister respirators shall be worn In levels of vinyl chloride from ceiling levels described in paragraph (a) section (2) to SOppm levels. (A) Respirators or combinations of respirators for protec tion against vinyl chloride in levels exceeding 50ppm shall be selected from among the following: (1) a type "C" supplied air reaplrator: (11) a self-contained breathing apparatus. (til) a combination type "C" supplied air respirator and a self-contained breathing apparatus. To provide an interim protection device vhe-e our tests demonstrate that a canister resplratt * can bo effective up to 50 ppn for ll-hours. This permits freedom of movement to either exit the Ore. or procure more suitable protection. Recognizes air respirators approved for atmospheres not lnsnedlately dangerous to life or health. < ih) Ptoiecihc eloihir.g. (1) Employed entering arcus shall be provided fuil-hodv protective. *. fcs.wcsr or shoe covert, and gloves, at no con ::and fc; rcQuircd to wear il while in the refiu* l.::J area. Employees entering regulated arena shall be provided full-body protective clothing (smocks, coveralls, or shirts and.pants) and be required to wear it while in the regulated area. Smocks to be used for casual visitors. Smocks were Included as suitable protective clothing in NIOSU's March 11, 1974 reeonenendatlons to OSHA. Foot wear should be standard shoes except fer vessel entries where eLthcr rubber boots for'wet vessels or throwaway shoe covers for dry vessels arc to be worn. Gloves are normally worn by most employees except for some instrument or electrical control maintenance work. 50 co < o vn O 4 . (i) Where p'l>vfn> I .chlnrhlc powder containing i nf vinyl ehicriiL is handled, employees u'ao '.c. M psovickd ar.d required to wear head. var.^s; l;i) irnulrcd lo remove all protective clothing at each I i fro:?- the regulated area: and liii) required :> shower after the Iasi cail of the day. I?) Clean prmv.livc clothing shall be provided .T.eer cor.tamir.aitd or soiled, but not less frequently .a weekly. Contaminated clothing shall be doenn* . liaa'.tJ l eforc reuse by removal for laundering or dis: ul. |i) Jlyflrne facilities anti practices* (I) Where v .iphiyvcs sire required by this section to wear protective . :!;inj; an I equipment, clur.fc rooms shall be provided .uLvrJ.rcc with il9IO,NI(c). (2) Where employee* are required by this section to >!w.tr. slimier facilities shall be provided in accordance v.-.ls JIOIO.I-U (si) ()>. (JJ Sta'ags or consumption of food or beverages, . r.;,'-o er use of smoking or nun-food chewing products, j ;|.e storage nr application of cosmetics are prohibited . ri(;u!jtL'l areas. jl i.'uu r^eney situations, (I) A written operational : :a fi-r emergency situations shall be developed for each .`.dated Area. I?) In lie event of an emergency, appropriate por* of l!r: plan shall be pul into operation, li) | l.mrdoui tor,ili`.ions ereaieil by the emergency all he cIt ninaled and the :tOivn*d area shall be dccuni i n.iled prior lo the rciumpimo of normal operations, p.) Special medical surveiil.mee by a physician shall I ; i ieritniul within M-hnnrs for employees present in the :'e*1ed area at the time of the emergency. (iii) Where an employee has a knmvn contact with ' aid sim* clilondc such employee shall be required to ' j 'cr a* soon as possible, unless cnntraindieelcd by ;' >s*ial injuries. 11') An incident report on the emergency shall he r.rted as required in paragraph (q) (2) of this section. (?) Lj.Ii authorized employee shall be trained in a : .':r,.r,i relating to the hazards of vinyl chloride and the :c;.ii.;io.'.s for safe use. (i) The program shall include: \) the nature of the fire hazard, and the necessary 'oieetiic steps; vinyl, chloride which exceeds the levels as described in paragraph (a) section (2) the last exit of the day addition the end of sentence: from the regulated area i ii\ s i jii.ui.j Recognizes allowable levels of vinyl chloride In the work areas. Employees may enter and leave a workplace r;r. times in the course of their regular duties. It would not be feasible for them to change clothes many timea during their work day4- The change area Is not adjacent to the regulated' area. t ,i .i ii t 30 O'* o o 4 o Ui hliPl'USED STANDARD l CHANCES . !i; The ri' oT the toxic lurard, including local fifu-n'e c.'l'ivu, acute and chronic effect! including . t!is carcinogenic hazard: (j The specific nature of operation* which could ;* in exposure to vinyl chloride, and nicestary protec: ?upt; !>) 1 he purpose Tor and application of the medical vc'.lLu.cc program; i i j 1 ),c p-jrp,)\c for and application of dcconiaminar. practices; Y| The purpo>: for and significance of emergency ..ticcs ar.d procedures; Ti) The iiapliiji-u's specific role under normal or ur.errency cor.diiions; rii S-.'.in-c rnfurinalion to aid the cmplojee in i; uud cvil.-ation of conditions and situations v.'i m.:) result in the release of vinyl chloride; 1) The p-Kj-uve for and application of specific first ' *io;eJ.i;cs and practices; J| A icview of this standard at the employee's first .."'p. a*d jnJoeirination program and annually v.if\r. .ij All materials relating to the program shall he ;J-. J i pen rvip.cil io amhori/eJ repreNcnlalives of * is;,:'.t Srcuii.ry and the Director, ' 1 srJ L.'ii it. {I) Lir.ira.vc.s in regulated areas .11 he p.'SPrd `.'it!; signs bearing the legend; ca:ci-ii-si:spi;CT agent area AU 1 !lOillZlit) TI KSONNU. ONLY .'t Are.it c.ntairsinp operations covered in . t..-;! ;:j (dj .-.fti.-Tsection si.alfbc pn'sied vii:t signs the l.'SnaT" C\NCi:n-SURM;CT AGENT IN THIS AREA Hji.rTMi;;.'irv:oT's .\i;<^T;i-i`Cnn> !`:CiCii-MhN r ifi'ijJiUi.t) AUTH0IU^1~L) fi-LSONNLL ONLY. Delete Delete .Delete Delete Completely 50 /> C oo o U1 ho REASON FOR CHANCES Specific rule under emergency conditions, specific information for recognition ar.d evaluation, and specific first aid procedures and practices would be very difficult to provide. These would have to be more of general nature. I Use of an air supplied impervious suit present'- a safety hazard to the employee. Use of impervious clothing plus an air supplied respirator perries the employee to be protected in cases where he: * (1) uses prestrlptlon p.'nsses 1 (2) is in a vessel and has n sa.fety harness attached to provide for his removal In chctevert - an accident to him while in the vessel (3) permits the normal hard hat protection vlilc'. is a requirement of many plants 1 (4) his removal from a vessel when he is wcarlr on air supplied suit may be cxdremcly difficult. > y. :S y a c u 6v> pc. 2 G M A 'tT U lA l C A N C T .tt-S U S rt:.CT A G liN T RSV 00X1033 ppivosed st/::;>ard i'2j Waste rc*r.t or other ui.itcrialt contaminated ir>l chloride shall be plated in closed combiners Jir J|'|V}.|| Of dcjn.v.jr.lin-ilion. C'l Appropriatc procedures shall be developed and . 'l.r.:e"icd fcr the decontamination or disposal of all ,h u.'.v!: l:ii.iI. fd |r. ;r.cc or repair operations on con- i sssti.-.Tor ermpntei.1. inch<!n;g vessel entry/ : en-j.arc-J in v_cii operations shall be (,[) prnvid* "~"i .ynl required lo ,.vcar~*Hn>l use a vchole-bodi *017- ' , i " j it i7i:p;~vi<iu7 io s'Inl chTofiJc.*"~nnd a T- >;ru:Mri i'accor.Iar.ee itfTpiiragr.iph (g) ofThi* see* ------------------------------------------------ CHARGES In cleaning maintenance and repair, operations inside of contaminated vessels, employees engages in such operations shall he provided with and required to wear and use a suit impervious to vinyl chloride, a respirator in accordance with paragraph'(g) of this section, gloves, and protective footwear. REASOH FOR CHARGES Use of an air supplied impervious suit presor a safety hazard to the employee. Use of lrpervtc-ss clothing plus an air supplied respirator pcrr.lt-; t'. employee to be protected in cases where he: (1) uses prescription glasses (2) is in a vessel and has a safety harness attached to provide for his removal in the even: 1 an accident to him while in the vessel (3) permits the normal hard hat protection vhidh is a requirement of many plants (4) his removal from a vessel when he Is wearing an air supplied suit may be extremely difficult. * fil) rffcircd lo ihoucf after removing protcciivc C > I'n-U'Clive clothing and equipment shall be clean ;:->J dry fi<; each use. (f) \VJ cn tcsscls or piping systems are opened local f'l.iutt i CMiii.uiiri shill he provided to remove die cs- i'i"^ sapor from ail occupied areas. (7) (i) i'ccli to be vnlcicd slull first be ventilated I i;:onii->rcil so that the concentration of vinyl chloride i. r cJ in a lo cl uilliiu the protection factor capabili*j f the protective equipment. '..) V. I m vc'm'Is arc In be entered, all piping to such -c'> >h.. l Ik*: (A) Opened, blanked and taoged; or ilt) Where nrldat pipiup is in :, not less than 2 >. bes in s-.tics. uliiJi isolate the vcs-cl from any oilier i: eetiuii to such line, must he closed and secured. Delete Completely 73 to c o O o Since the employee has been protected a-.nir.-t exposure to vinyl chloride, s shower every tire he removes the impervious clothing is not necessary. He will be showering st the end of his woric day or If he has had known contact with liquid vinyl chloride he will shower immediately. I I t I PROPOSED STANDARD face 15 <ii) No employee sh:i!S cut-re a votcl, except when 2*i `.her employee properly trained ard equipped for en;n prei.nt and is observing tiic employee in the vend. or a mechanical standby Is provided vhich requires acknow ledgement from the man inside the vessel on a 2-1/2 minute time cycle and another man (observer) Is in the area to assist the man if he does not respond. 1 he nb'crtcr slull have iuc.im* for sienalline for Help in the even! Hie e,i:plo>cc e\\HtuncKS problems. Under ivcli cor.J'ti.ms. liie observer dull signal for Help, and : :.'i not c 'Icr lo a*sil Hie cmplojcc until another person is prcicru lo obreivc. (m) Trimipur/ii/jnii hading and unloading. (I) I .'.`liiiics far the l.udinj and unloading of vinyl chloride l ard fron cnniuincr* shall have each transfer line und v.i;icr-ci;iiali/in2 line equipped with vent.connections, tr.J shall have an inert r.n purping >yilem. Vent and purye eftkim shall be returned to a process stream or fl 'cd in a safe location. Delete W'c feel a mechanical standby Is more rellab for routine vessel entries. A physical standby to get bored and may not be as reliable. It ha; demonstrated In the past that, our rrcchartieal sta at one of our plants was responsible for saving lives where an employee standby disregarded rule and entered a vessel to remove s fellow crplcycc had been overcome. The standby also was cverpcand both employees would have died If tSS rceh; standby had'not alorted others vho successfully1 removed both employees without loss of life. It Is not always practical nor available to have inert gas at loading orjunloading stations^ Purging back to the procesa Its feasible and prac (1) Procedures shall he developed and implemented f ir il'C transfer of vittjl cl>lv>riile. Written topics of such (-'eedarct Shull be provided employee: engaged in such t ; vr jtit'-r."., ai.d such employed* slull be fully trained and uv.-jtveJ In all ;-.i<iccdures. (3) l-nplovees engaged in transfer operations shall *: provided with anJ required u> wear respirators in ac cord.iree with paragraph (c) of this section. in) A /i iurr luimlling opi'at/out. (1) Containers of | hvinv| chloride rele.isin- detcclahte levels ol vinyl el I >;id: shall he opened and transferred only under local ei'.aesl ventilation which reduce* die concentration of i, ;,l thlcrid; hel.'w the d.-:v.i:<Me level. 12 j l L'l operations, such js hut not limited to milling, c. vr.'ef in'' rr:;tl e >: ri.iline. " hich release delectaide lev els , : viavi chtaridi*. r-hall he cariad on m ly under local exh is{ s cnid.itiori v* !iif!i re.l.ec* the cMe filiation of vinyl c lo;iJc htl.nv the dctccial'lc l.'vel.' Delete - but add; levels as described in paragraph B, items 1, 2, and 3. Delete - but add: levels os described In paragraph 8, items l, 2, and 3. SSOTTOO A S * 4 I Vi < a M 82 o * (! o ^ j; e "5 o 'o ,, a r S a - liS_ll< l5l_iy J* iJ.S ?o o-Sl . s... _ Si`*5 '11-ii^ jz = h s .s-2 a* ;-c|oi g K^-S 6^1 5 ' -2* *,, ^ ? 5 5 .s Si III - illlle .=3 silMi '? 1^1?- = |2`l a '-ligis J- S S '5 l-3i|2S5^| *'-= I H* p-a*n -asc*5.*? .cV_ t3, 2_ " L! o " J Jf r " . e7.^- `s -3^o **-- :S"^. ^ ii S' - J = 3 5-s-s J-s-QJs -- j; t# u -- i. r,, ^4` i;I s ." --- f-- -- -_s ' " -- * = = j; : > . y . ^Z-= r.J= * 5?;H i :- - ^ #*. u-S2v S;s - s 7iC V 2 .`ii" a-'i- * 4 RSV 0011056 RSV 0 0 1 1 0 5 7 M;il'OSKI) STANHAUI> (i1 serum glutamic oxalacclic transaminase - W>t>T) ' (v) silium gldiimic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT): ar.d |v) gamma pluttamyl transpcplidjie (GGTP). I . Ad.lilionnl tests tint may optionally be con* si.'.rcd for use in screening include: (i) lactic d:h; .Irnpcrsasc: (::] scrum protein determinations: (i.i) semm protein electrophoresis; and (i.) pbiclci count. I:| I.akvatiirv analyses for ail biological specimens ir.r: J in mcdiinl examinations shall be performed in hi' r.l-'rics accredited by the College of American l\::i.uliipis:s or licensed under 42 CFK Part 74. if ) If she results of screening required in paragraph (cl (.') of ibis section are normal, screening shall be ; : ;:cS: (i) every six months for employees who have .i employ cd in vinyl chloride related operations for 10 }c.i:s ur more: and 4: <} annually for all other employees entering rcp.laZcd areas. t>) If one or more liver function tests performed arc ab: 'ur.i.il, scrum ic si in i* shall be repented as soon as p.' il l;, preferald;/ within two to four necks. If no ab- m-rmaliiics are proenl upon fesctccnir.g, scrum testing sl< !l be repealed in three months. I'd If abnormalities persist upon resercentng, the err.; lojce ls withdrawn from areas where contact wrt'i *.yl chloride is possible, nnd an individualized m: `ircl workup shall be instituted. Suggested as initial su.'s ere a complete ph>sical examination and various Special prbfcdurci such as hepatitis ll antigen dctemiina* lii i jr.J liver scanning. If liver function abnornialilics are drcrmir.td to be unrelated to liver disease, the cr.plc.'c may be permitted to return to vinyl cl.!, ride-related employment, subject to individual m.-lieul evaluation. i >) A complete an 1 accurate record of the results of rr. .heal examinations shall be made and maintained for the duration of employment plus five years, or for 20 xr.rs. whichever j* longer. ip) (J > Kccurds of monitoring and mcasur* i-p. nediral records. ar.d regulated area entry rosters e* 1 summaries, shrill be made available fo: examination a-1 copying upon request to authorized representatives of the Assistant Secretary ar.d the Director. C1IAMCES RRAiios run cttAJirrs ' ------- I r I 1 The r e e p r e ie r ita tlv e would have t o be an t$ mv *oV>.*o4Ca V JVt 5d O 'rf . t- ---------5---------tee*vu44 JZ c O r* (3) r.fnployccj ami their dcwr.naicd R-nrcicntMivcs d e d g n e te d em ploye* r e s p r e s e n te tiv e a . e ** ve .* o ji JorZf iuJOha. Xaa ~2 u va aa O X& a o au Xt* G m a* jS aa ,* Pare 19 PllWOSKH STANDARD CIlANMft iU) An :naUm of the circumiiancc* of the incident, .v. I measure. iJien or to be t.iLcn. with specific comple* lio.i li.ncs. tn mc;d further similar releases. {;i_l '2.ci'>"'~l'dii,n of nf.v m.miuuin-: and mensr- ;T,\.|,e% nsv crop: vee bat ncmallylu'Cii ^M i\ levels of vinyl chloride. each sucit j.-'j-l v.re h: i;'.`.lx:.!.::iltv notified in wriltnr.. Inc * i.r *v..ii! (A delivered rot later lK;;a 10 uoriing " - r"r :- .:T.sn nf :h;- monitorim'. and measuring; ];t) nit;j ihe ;.:t^;il c.pesute nt tenm of conccntra* : ;r.J t;i..e; ar-J tifi) *~M:itc ti e steps which have been taicn, arc being j.'-ea. jr..i n;J be t.ilcn. with specific couiptenorTilitcs, 'ti'iT e\p'ox;>,c a:ij p:ci'c:il aTccuffchcc. (>srcCi(b). M-'L nr.d S {<), S-J Slat. I5Yi7(506.15V9 I'v U.S C. 655. 657); Secretary of Labor's Order No. :M| (38 f R 8754)) Siptdat Washington. D.C. this 6ih day of May, 1974. * /s/John Slender Assistant Secretary of Labor Employee notification. Any employee found Co have been exposed at any time to airborne concentrations of vinyl chloride in excess of the limits prescribed in parae?aph B of this section shall be notified of the exposure as soon as practicable, but not later than five (5) days after the finding. The employee shall also be timely notified of the corrective action being taken. Recognizes the ceiling level e proposed and also provides for e store rapid notification of the employee. A New Section Needs to bd Added A complete new section needs to be added which covers laboratory activities. Thp carcinogens covered in 1910.93c through*' 1910.93p makes this provision for those Id chemicals. i*i t RS V 0 0 1 1 0 5 9 4 I Proposed Standard (Objections Underlined) II Recommended Changes \J S I910.9J.| Vjn>l CMoriJr. - . . CM Scope rtrui opplleaflon. (|) This fcdlnn npnllcs to Miy arm or operation In nltifti vinyl cliloride (cliloioilticne), Chemical Abstract* Service Hcslslry No. "&0l5. is mamit.velurcd. reacted, re lented. repackaged. stored, or u*ed. In cluding areas f^r.d operations Involving polyvinyl chloride where drirriablo levrlc ef Vli-vl rhlnrMr anr iC'.r i%uL (1> Tills section docs not apply to the handling or use ot fabricated products marie entirely or Jn part of polyvinyl chloride. C#k*a) (a) (1)... which contains 0.1% or more of residual vinyl chloride on and after Oct, 5, 1974, and which contains 0.01% or more of residual vinyl chloride on and after Oct. 5, 1977. (a)(2)...nor to the handling or use of polyvinyl chloride that complies with the residual vinyl chloride limitations set forth in paragraph (a)(1). III Comments i Add a new paragraph (b) to read as follows and reletter all succeeding paragraphs accordingly: ** * (b) Permissible exposure to vinyl chloride. (b) (1) For polyvinyl cliloride production facilities. (i) Standard effective Oct. 5, 1974. The maximum concentration of vinyl chloride to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed 40 ppm nor shall the time~weighted average concentration exceed 25 ppm. This will set forth the exposure limitations recommended by the various witnesses. It also refleets the recommendations of different standards for different manufacturing operations to set work place levels as low as feasible. < * 1/ The recommended changes are submitted as substituted language for that underlined in Column I "" unless it Is indicated in Column I that language from Column II is submitted to be added to the proposed section as in the case of Section (a) (2). 0 9 0 T T 0 0 ASM II (ii) Standard effective Oct. 5, 1975. The maximum concentration of vinyl chloride to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed 25 ppm. (iii) Standard effective Oct. 5, 1976. The maximum concentration of vinyl chloride to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed 25 ppm nor shall the time-weighted average con centration exceed 10 ppm. (b) (2) For vinyl chloride production facilities. (i) Standard effective Oct. 5, 1974. The maximum concentration of vinyl chloride to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed 25 ppm nor shall the time-weighted average con centration exceed 10 ppm. (ii) Standard effective Oct. 5, 1977. The maximum concentration of vinyl chloride to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed 10 ppm nor shall the time-weighted average con centration exceed 5 ppm. (b) (3) For -pcrlyviny ll'Ch loride-fabricoting ~ facilities/--No~workplace concentrafci`cmd"0' vinyl chloride in excess' of*T'ppm in ' / facilities falling within-the-scope--of this / standard.'"' RSV 0 0 1 1 0 6 2 i <t>> X?cA nil loin. (I) "Aulslnnt Score* lary" means the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Ilcnllli. U S. Department of Labor or his designer. t? "AulhorlzcU employee" means an employee r.ho.*e duties icnulic him lo be In t!:c rtvuhtcU area and v;lo has been :ii::cn.:'.y tv the employer: i -? . ; <- l r.'b.o enters v'^i f'". ft--:>;J'jjUilS.of ............ .. iv werene an o -nonjn111^10 r*' " ii ;-r.it?Fin : :-iid iiTi.mi>'1hC--of . JMi jl ^ciotxT container" means any container width prevents the release of tiny) cJiliildc lo Die rntlroninriu. l ji cor.lanilr.alcU" means cnpablo. of r-:>*-`:r.c a <!ctrc`.al.ic~feV-L ii tn`ij.1. (Si "Dercnt.ifnlnaUon" means reduc tion of vinyl chloride eoncenlrotlons to lesA than i!'gy.*blc levels. (6) `,r>*,o**-.l|e_l"\i,l*T*means an airrviteniratmn o [vinyl rhlrlde [/ vT-. ini'1 *_anilypcaf '* - l ' it v i' h inffi-v^rTf'I. r;.T-_-v> `r-L * > "Direr lor" means llie Director, Na tional Institute for Occupational Salely nd Itcalth. or any person directed by lilm or the Secretary ol Health. Educa tion. and Welfare to act for the Director. 131 `Emcrjtney'' means an imforsccn clrrp.uif.'wire or set of circumstance.'. fc- It the yl'-a'c of vinyl chloride in "r.xpiiMiff' n.e.iiis actTTiTcontact wish fig^l t-Pp- im:rneeeil UK r---i'rfd lci o;;|l protective ennlpmcnl__ ilOi "Fabrlcitcd product" means it flnhhctl product or pari of such product, made of polyvinyl chloride, entirely or In pail. Ir.tlndinn semifinished products such as film, sheet, block, bar. or fxlr.ilirnMod;. ii III (c)(2) "Authorized personnel"; and other personnel such as truck drivers, contractors, service personnel and others whose legitimate duties require their occasional presence in operating areas. (c)(4)... means, in the workplace a level of vinyl in excess of the a level of vinyl chloride or materials that produce chloride in the workplace limitations set forth in paragraph (b). I (c)(5)... the levels set forth in para graph (b) . (c)(6)... [Omit] ' (c)(8)... such as a ruptured transfer line, resulting in the release of vinyl chloride sufficient to produce acute symptoms among workers exposed to or having contact with the vinyl chloride. (c)(9)... liquid vinyl chloride or inhalation of vinyl chloride gas in excess of permissible levels set forth in paragraph (b). (c) (10)... extruded stock, or diced or pelletized product made from the fore going. This entire subparagraph will not be required if the proposed limi tations (paragraph(b)) are adopted This reflects the NIOSH March 11, 1974 definition of an emergency. Personnel using protective equip ment are not exposed to the vinyl chloride. I This corresponds to commercial practice and nomenclature. f> Hr/erencr. Collect of American . Palholrfl-.U. 330 N. Mlchlcan Ave,. Chi efly^. IWuols 60CD1, fitpulalcd oteen. (1) A leruJatcft area rhall be established where (I) vinyl chloride Is manufactured, reacted, re- rrpacScerrd. stored, or used; or ) ;*elv* |;yl chloride cnnable of rc- in.*.,--.*1.. >! I rl:lo. i.viuf.iclurcd. rcacicti. 'released, reparkared. ilorcd. or used. <Jt Arce;t to rrculrtlcd area* shall be limited lo authorized employer^ (31 A dally roster of employees enlcr Tt'.c^rosicrs. or itmuunrics ujcpoI,' k!iaU be kept for at least _20 years. <c) Monitoring. .< I) Every reirulaled area sOi.VJ be monitored'for" ocUclabft. 7cvr:s of virij j cl>ldrlC : ! (3) Tf.e cio^fiortnrr shall assure that, any ensure rr.av Ire determined lorearn ri||ijp'-;r<>ri c.T'doyfc inrwffnu 'f. rr -* lovel of 95 i- 'freut. . II 2/ (e)(1) (ii)... containing levels of residual vinyl chloride in excess of the limits set forth in paragraph (a) (1) ... (e)(2)...personnel. <3) (3)...personnel whose duties regularly require their entry into regulated areas shall be made and maintained... 30... (f)(1)... constantly sequentially monitored for levels of vinyl chloride at intervals not exceeding 10 minutes. (f)(2) Delete, and add the following: w |0 V'~C4-l V *-*- III |*J t-fr JZl a (f) (2) (i) Probes shall be so located in every regulated area as to provide a statistically valid sample of the workplace atmosphere. Analysis shall be conducted on samples obtained from each probe in a sequential manner so that the atmosphere at each site is analyzed. (f)(2)(ii) The analytical instruments shall be periodically checked and re-calibrated to assure proper functioning in accordance with good analytical practices. RSV 0 0 1 1 0 6 3 (f) (2) (iii) The monitoring equipment shall produce an audible and visible alarm in any plant area when the concentration of vinyl chloride in that area exceeds the limit set forth in paragraph (b). ( 2/ This paragraph in the proposed standard should be lettered "(d)"; it is shown as "(e)" in the '"'Recommended changes" because of the recommended inclusion of a new paragraph (b) . 13* Employee* or their rep resentatives shall he afforded sn f.nntir* ^ir.:*y loobterve monliarlitg and measur ing required by Hits paragraph. lit Where energise of an opportunity require* entry to an area where the use- ()(2)(iv) The monitoring equipment shall produce an audible and visible alarm, readily distinguishable from that required by (f)(2)(iii), in any plant area when the concentration of vinyl chloride in that area exceeds 100 ppm. (f)(3)...elected...a reasonable opportunity... of protective cJnthinc, equipment, la* ci',|i;rs. or procedures Is required, juch ciuDh.'.j. equipment. facilities, ar.d pro.cedurrr rfrall be provided to ell pertons entitled to exercise the opportunity, at no cost to any of thrm. HI/ Persons exercising the opportu nity shall be Instructed regarding: iA) Tiie toxicity and fire hazard of .vinylchloride; nnd U>) The protective steps and measures necessary lor their protection. <tilt Observers shall be permitted, without Interference to the persons per forming the monitoring and measuring, lo: (A> Observe all steps and procedures related to the collecting, processing, and evaluation of particular monitoring utd measurement families: 1111 i;/cord quantities and results cb;;.inc;l; iCl Observe the condition of ntonllorlr.g /_".d n:c:.st:r;cg equipment; iDl Receive a dcntonslr.vlon of the calibration nnd function tests o( li e monitoring nml measuring equipment performed on site; amt cm examine lushudlons and docu ment.-, related to the procedures nnd equipment Jor rnonltoiing ami rneasurlr.-. <11 Accurate and complete records of all required monitoring shall be made and maintained tor not less than gfl. years, Such a record shall ID slate the dale of such monitoring end the levels tVlcrmkird: ai.u Otl identify the litslnir.'.cr.a and methods used. ff)(3)(i) through (f)(3)(iii) - [Delete] Replace by: (f)(3)(i) Summaries of monitoring results including the daily maximum and average for each probe location shall be promptiy--andr.uA.J'w* con'sprcucrus-ly--posted. Employees or their elected representatives shall have reasonable opportunities to inspect the raw data from which the summaries have been prepared. (f) (4)...30... ^ I It is anticipated that the * I constant sequential monitor'- f ing envisioned here will resuflt in instrument charts and/or > computer print-outs. The only meaningful information generated would be the summaries referred to in the "recommended change". Since the probes will be in fixed locations, "observation" here would have no practical signifi cance and the details set forth in the proposed standard havo no applicability. I i II tfl Enpineertnp control amt icorkpractice wc'ltcdt. (1) Where lp|r<-t^iilg Irv"^ rt v!;v| rMorldy are im a.-.umj, immediate protection shall be proitdcd calnst exposure to vinyl chloride by the me of cn:nrcrr.c cotilrola. workpracllce method!.and reaplratorsas follows: il) Feasible cnrJncerlnc controls and woT>:;tracUce methods shall Immediately be used lo reduce airborne concentra tions o! vinyf chloride below the cJr'ccl- Mb Wherever feasible euchtcerlr.c cor.t'.ols ar.d r.oi kjnadlce methods which can be bulttulcd Immediately are rot strident to reduce etmccnltatlon* of vinyl chloride below the dr r ret .v|t><? Ipvtl, they shall nonetheless l>e used 10 reduce the c.v.tcr.H-allons to ihe luvve.'.l tuaclircblc level, and shall be supplemented by meant of rc.sph-ators in accoidar.cc villt FSM'faj'Is <u> of ihl.s section; Mill Wherever no (enable enr.lncerhic control or worh.iuacitce method ran be Instituted Immediately. Immediate res* pira'.oo' protection shall te provided In accardar.ee with iarnc>apli (d of ihlj section; nud ilvi In any care covered by paragraph <t:M <;l) or tlill of this section, tiio employer shall also undertake as soon as `practicable a program lo reduce airborne 'concentrations of vinyl chlmldc below -the f'-tc-ilevel or to the cicalcst extent feasible, solely by means of cncN nctrtnit controls and uoikpracllct meth ods and os soon us feasible. (g)(1)... levels of vinyl chloride in excess of the limits set forth in paragraph (b),... (g) (1) (i) . . . (Same as (g) (1) 1 (g)(1) (ii)...(Same as <g)(1)]..h.. (g) (1)iv)...the limits set forth in paragraph (b),-.. RSV 0 0 1 1 0 6 5 RSV 0 0 1 1 0 6 6 i . tgi J!rsp:ratorv protection. (I) A rciplralo.T prcdcctlnn program Jn accord ance ^Siit I 1910.131 shall be established and hv.plccr.entcd vhere icsidr.don asa Ktpdrcd Io be used by this section. Respirators sliail be used only In car.ci ri emergency ei:d ula-rc required l.y z:\y other pioviMon ot this section, ftcsplr-icrs may nos be med Jn lieu of feasible cn^tncctlni controls or v.otpmcllcc me ihcds. 3) nerplrators or* coinblnotloru of rc.'plr.itors for prelection rcaliut vinyl rhUrltic shall be telcclcd Ironi among the Idle.*In.i: I) A positive pressure full facepiece selJ-coi.talr.CJ bie.Ml.lr.R apparatus; ill] A prcssL:e>d:.-nand lull facepiece ic<f-ccnlainJ breathing apparatus op erating In the pressure-demand mode; lilt) A combination type *`C" pressure* demand full facepiece respirator oper ating in the pressure-demand mode and n pre---* 'jvc-demand self-contained breathing apparatus operating In the prcMurc-dcmar.d mode; or tivt A combination type *'C" continu ous Ho*- iraplralor and is prcssurcdcmsnrf clf-c mulr.ed breathing ap paratus opcraMrs' in the pressme-demnndmodc. il Add the following new paragraph: (h)(3)(v) A half-face, canister-type mask when the concentration of vinyl chloride is above the limit set forth in paragraph (b) but below 100 ppm. Until a suitable indicator system has been developed to show when the canister is no longer effective, each regulated area shall develop a work-practice rule that provides for the replacement of used canisters v/hen such canisters have consumed 50% of specified capacity.but no less than daily replacement when such canisters have been used at all. tl J x I r o <j c-1 I i S. A. i. > j ^ A I* LiM III RSV 0 0 1 1 0 6 7 I <h> Project t:e ctolhino. <I) .Employees enl*------ arf.15 M.r-d I : KQ- iictd luJ-bo:i)' proiccm c iwoi- - f\r fi:~r rover?. nr<J Moves, at no in jhV: t r-i rt;.!ffiljn yrf\r It ........... t. -rr.v ij Where polyvinyl ciiJoilde powder conulr.ir.c deicetable levels t vjn?[j u r.-;.u.vJ, employees*liin rjte: ii> F:ovhk<l end tceiulrcil lo wear hcndco'-eilti-'i; ' ill rucuircil to remove rll nrfitrrUy - ai caeli exit Irom Uic rcjulatcd :cn; and <ill) Jkfpilrcd to shower niter the last jxll ol tl;c " O) Clean |notcellve iliaU b provided wherever conl.ii:iir.:lcd or sclkc. but m>i lc.e freouertly limn rcr`.:!y. Contaminated eir'lijr? shall be (Ircautamlnatcd before rcur.c by removal Jcr laur.dcrinc or disposal. ill /Jioi'ene /ac.'fiflci ami proclicei. til Where employees arc rcuulrcd by ibis section to wear protective clothin* ar.d equipment, chance rooms shall be p;.v!dcJ In accordance with { JDlQ.HlieJ. t2) Where employees are required by Ihli section to shower, shower facilities shall be provided In accordance with | iMO.UKdl 13). Ol ftr fn-^ln^nllnn nf tend or betfr.i'r-r-i. Morn-e or tire ot fniPl'Jng i.r i- c;y--iht I'fr-}'1"1 n nr-1 ^ >;e..T'v t-r r:-;rllr v:on of fpmr-Hr_e are Trrl.-b: <ii l:i if ir.itcslfiri'.-vv i i II Ill ,. 1 (i) (1) This item should be deleted. (i) (2)... levels of vinyl chloride in excess of the limit set forth in paragraph (a)...{delete "also"] d*'/ *r.rr*-ki (i)(2)(ii)...any-adhering polyvinyl chloride powder from clothing. u y i/,t dim o*U) (2) (iii) [Delete] (i) (3) ...headcovering9... ...headcoverings... Under general working circumstances special pro tective clothing is neither available nor necessary. il We see no useful purpose being served by this requirement. (j^O) Storage or consumption of smoking products are prohibited in regulated areas. We see no reason why chewing gum or the use of cosmetics should be barred. t } i ! i fi i_ 1 l 4 I i I M C23 j; ^ Uh "^S*'iCnE ^^CjEO1-5<**S. Cft e S 3? ~ ? 3 43 <a a u o 0 A> 4J c at --i u H 4-4 44 3 01 AJ C D O c <9 ** >. o c H ft> H O' u * 43 <N e *s-^ o c <0 H .0 tt 43 <0 a> -p w *h a *H o w to C AS 43 a a U O' fl) u <4 c; E <0 O 41 -P c O * ffl 4-1 43 4) 4i ai <4 0 0 H c 41 r-i U - Cu E -C <0 03 a< p ja <3 O' 3-4 O P ^ O' W -H <9 O4 JZ P +J CU flS O' <0 <0 D. CX M -H 4J O' to c <4 H -H *0 U J5 <4 c <3 U 4-1 g03 a s o f--< 0 41 <s u 3-4 i--> p 43 43 w' 43 K 4-1 C A3 03 41 43 f 0>S M > } ,, c S'-* <6 . t3 s?53 l? *5* xIS5 - o- o ^ C " P ~. f. s. 2 Sv" U *3 v S u3 is XSts"o^y^ssl!r!t c^;tltyitSSV X -- 3 w c pg ns SI 8 V; o <i pps2Sy .* .-=^ S^ .w. 5- is " *2S - 0 r 5 o:||sg cs Im^g 0 ft ft a 5 il-Ii = i!.lt! *. u K n w_; 2c;^* X;*i2 *c*s s . ~H 3t ?3pf u* Sk. S&.- pi O t S.5_ -IS S '<6 i`31 * & S 3 Wy S J* * -- <1 =g SCsS3 S2 3 x- V" S 2 u 5 ' " "-0-2 sS S ** Q 2 & *!*? o^ vu% * to so- 2 5 5 2 : y f. ;,,* c. = 5 IMS .^n3V1 s<~''".'-i..:" if5"->i wb53 s:;SsjPss "2 2) S- 3 |p SlS: * SgEg* 1 5p _ i Jjj C 5 :- ~ > s =~ ? x 5 *5 O o 2` '4'fl ? 53 I-sMil' S5||S|I ax uu<s xv-cA ta 2 Vw &* BO-" -C- T f ^ n0 RSV 0011066 i (Vi Jlcnj end labels. It) Entrances to rr^lAtc.l r.rr.is shn!l beposted willt sijn* bom use ll,c lecend: c.,vrrr.-v>~-r-r *r.r:N'T ant* if ii Anns cor.lftlnlnc oiteiallonj cov ered In paragraph o/Uiis sec tion (l..'.)t be poslcd ,ti)i ilciu beirinr. the 1'ccnd: / .-i--H.-vrr_ t*j_ T,rl<: lnp` r i !~TT`. i:v:>>*s at; 1111!;i>rntn- osia* (3) ConiMr.cri o( waste or other niater!.ill contaminated Milt Vinyl chloride shall be libeled: :r>NTAM1NATEO m i-ii-;i- rv<-rn.;:si-i :r AQV.KT <v- pliTiiT^r-M L U3IKO ai tvoi-.i-lq ii (L) (I). . . : VINYL CHLORIDE VAPOR HAZARD -CARRY RfiSre-RATOR--ANE>- NEAR ASSIGNED PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT WHEN ALARM SIGNAL IS ACTIVATED WHEN SIGNAL IS ACTIVATED, DO NOT REMAIN IN ALARM AREA UNLESS YOUR WORK REQUIRES IT BREATHING EXCESSIVE QUANTITIES OF VINYL CHLORIDE VAPOR MAY BE HAZARDOUS TO YOUR HEALTH AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY {L) (2) : VINYL CHLORIDE VAPOR IN THIS AREA IMPERVIOUS PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND RESPIRATORS REQUIRED AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY (L) (3).. . : VINYL CHLORIDE CONTAMINATED MATERIAL MAY HF. HAZARDOUS TO YOUR HEALTH DECONTAMINATE OR DISPOSE OF USING ADEQUATE VENTILATION OR PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT III RSV 0 0 1 1 0 6 9 3/ It is assumed that the paragraph {k)(1)(4) to which reference is made in this paragraph should read paragraph (L) (4). KSV 00X 1070 I ii <4 > Containers of polyvinyl chloride conLMntnz itHreHh!" levels or vlny^ fhlnrl>*p shall be labeled: CCLITJ .`niuTjiKoni nfL. CON r/nyi.vi^ll.-ihil.iraUB --54*j:ll-Cir AT>on!-r:L!irY-J'K^-`-^!>`Q A*ID - -iJU'.obOJI SKIM <5> Containers of vinyl chloride shall be labeled: UAMiMi rxTP.r-; n w r. JA3. 4. r . ; ;.pv -.'fiL ....m..-.. ITit r.ASTrn -------LXU1. Aoson'ii Tuii^xi^uinsfi, iiHiQi'CiM <81 No statement shall oppear on or'near any required slcn, label or Inslruc-lion, which contradicts or detracts Irom Ihe cRcet of any required wamlnp. in formation or Instruction. (L)(4)...levels of vinyl chloride in excess of the limits set forth in paragraph (a)...: CAUTION------------------. POLYVINYL CHLORIDE^ CONTAINS VINYL CHLORIDE AVOID BREATHING VAPOR OR DUST CLOSED CONTAINERS OF POLYVINYL CHLORIDE MAY CONTAIN VAPOR LEVELS OF VINYL CHLORIDE WHICH MAY BE HAZARDOUS TO YOUR HEALTH OPEN ONLY IN WELL-VENTILATED AREAS OR WEAR RESPIRATORY PROTECTION VINYL CHLORIDE DANGER EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE GAS UNDER PRESSURE MAY POLYMERIZE WITH EXPLOSIVE FORCE -POiSON- AVOID CONTACT WITH LIQUID OR VAPOR UNLESS FULLY PROTECTED BY AUTHORIZED EQUIPMENT IN THE EVENT OF ACUTE EXPOSURE SEEK MEDICAL ASSISTANCE IMMEDIATELY ill 1 (1) Maintenance and"dfcontamlna tion.'tU Emtdiacls shall be pl.iffd upon - In.mediate clean up o* spills, ncrid'.lc ln- . sprclIc-P. prompt repair of equipment and. IcuV-i. fjid proper handlin';. ti&r:n;c and ' dp?f>5.\l or decontamination o| materials to prt'.tnt airborne copf.i/trirt.-iUon and . Occident.'.) atm contact whit vinyl clilo- ri.le. Waste materials, equipment. imd o'.iur sources cr vinyl chloride In closed cor.saincis, r.:c.y not be placed In areas of eTccr.'lve eenipcraturc or suniieht since build-up of latcriial prcssiiic n.ay result ' In r.ip'.rrrc of tha container, fire or c:- plbiiort. 2) Wn.vtc resins or other materials CwPianifitatcd with viuy{ chloride i.luJI be placed lit closed containers pending dU- ' posil or decontamination. <31 Appropriate procedures shall Ik dr.rbped and Implemented (or the dc- rc:<ta:i;i:>aiion or dijposal of alt such e..vle material. <<> In maintenance or repair opera tions cn contaminated--systems or - equipment, indudir.c vessel onto-, em ployees enlaced in such operations shah bo (II provided with and required to *car and use a v hn`c-l>c<iv_.2jr-siur>(lcq ?nlt Imncri-lo ia in vir-l <~PJaiifl mid a r. j with |>ai:i::iiv;iir f~, ft' -~-un^- -,rM ml r <tnn'lg^li7~ i-.v->r if ire, i^inn'1-1'- p oirenye tnrn^ II (\ve liiC l , c.t : f C C- (m) (4) (i> ... a-s-ui-fe-i-mpervious- to-vinyl -chloride, a respirator in accordance with paragraph (h) of this section, gloves, and protective footwear. (m)(4)(ii) [Delete] 73 is) c o 11 III Use of an air-supplied whole body impervious suit consti tutes a major health and safety hazard. The recommended change permits an employee to be protected where he: | (1) (2) (3) uses prescription glasses, is in a vessel with a f safety harness to permit his removal in case of | accident, needs to wear a hard hat. Since no contact with vinyl chloride will occur, this provision is unnecessary. i ?*OTTOO I <$> Protective clothing ond equipment ifcrJJ t dean and dry /or each ue. <6> When vcm'.s ar piping i; stems are c?cnei local exhaust ventilation shall be prov/tied to remove the escaping vapor Ire ell occupied areas.' <7> til VccIs lobe entered shall first be ventilated and monitored so that tlio concentration of vinyl chloride U reduced to a level ulthln the prelection /actor capability of the protective equipment. i:a When vessels arc to te entered, all plplr.g to #;:ch vc/sel rhaJl be: <A> Opened. Uanheci and lagged; or (Qi V.'h'rr 7 ih-ln" l< In me. not less thrji Z valves m tencs, wftich (rotate the vessel from any other connection to such lir.r, must be closed and secured. till* No employee shall enter a vessel, exrept a her. another employee properly trctr.rd r.v.d equipped /or entry Is prci*:.i r.::d observing the employee In the ycvifl.liHi? observer shall have means for ilri'.aiitr.s far help In the event Ui employee experiences problems. Under such conditions, the observer shall sig nal for help, and shall not enter to assist the employee until another person Is present to observe. * im> TranspcrlaHon /nodlny and tin- twetimp. (It Facilities lor the loading ar.i u'.losdtns uf vinyl chloride to and from containers shall have each transfer line and vapor-equalizing line equipped viih vent connections, and shall have* an Ir.rM rrs purging system, Vent end purTTrihictit shall be relumed to a proc ess stream or flared In a safe location. >? Procedures shall be developed and Implemented for the transfer of vinyl chloride. Written ccplcs of surlj proce dures shall be provided employees rtjBared tn such oixrat.'ous. and such cm-, players shall be fully (rallied and re so hearsed in all procedures. Co < I3< employees engaged In transfer op erations shat! be provided with and rebuilt.! to wear respirators in nccoidanre with paragraph <g) of this section. m* Ptt'iincr ItanilUw opereUorti. <l> Containers of polyvinyl chloride releas ing detrrlcWe levels of vinyl ehiosido shall uc o;mku umi ir..ii:rvVilu oiTly under local exhaust vciitlt.\lUm.\ylilrJi ivilixfj IhgeoncrtilrnHon of vfaivl rlilo- rde_b1o'\TTTo dc'ccl-ityc level. `2 1/o|,~o;?iatlods. anrh as but not limited xa jmhfnh. calendering nutTc^ trudin::. -*lst irrCTeafc d-t-.-i-.idf revolt becartiedou only "... :' -ijdclt i \i i ,In. ii (m)(7)(ii)(B) [Delete) (m) (7)(iii) Insert the following: ..., or a mechanical standby is provided which requires acknowledge ment from the man inside the vessel on a 2 1/2 minute time cycle and another man (observer) is in the area to assist the man in the vessel if he does not respond. (n)(1) [Delete] (o)(1)... levels of vinyl chloride above the limits set forth in paragraph (a) .. .,,the-J.iiais set--forth-"!^ paragraph-- (b>-43.). (o)4-2)-r-r-rtei7eIs "oT~viny 1' eftlorXcle above'-the^'llmits se" forth in___ paragraph ' (b) (3). .the lXmiTts set forth in"paragra*ph~{b)'TTJ. / Alternate B should be permitted for all piping. ) An inert gas purge is neither necessary nor always practicable.* Purging back to the process is feasible and provides equivalent protection. RSV 0 0 1 1 0 7 3 I (o> Hrdicct tufititlr.net. Not I.Mcr (Inn ........................ IS74. ft pror.rnm of inedicM furvcillanee shall lie fnMl- tuied. and shrill provide each outhmUed employee aiih an opportunity for ex- Ammatlor.! In accordance Mill ihli para graph. All medical cxamlnMioru and procedure! rhall be performed by or ij-.dvr i;:c supervision of a licensed D;::>r of Medicine oiD> or Doclor of Osteopathy iDOi. All i-.-.cciiol examina tion end lest* shall be provided uKhout co-t (o Die employee. U> Al the lime of Initial employment, or upon liuti'Mlon of screening, a physi cal cxAftur.aiion shall be performed ivHty tsyl'-c attention tn detecting fidavrc- ' /`T - f. iiv iilnloVmnai ^ t-ji ;u Hie time of liilllnl employment or upon Institution of icrccnlnc, ond an nually thereafter. medical history checklist shall be completed by the em ployee. This :t shall Include ontsUoin. CffUtr?l"L I* Ale Iiol Intake: Mi:* i*;" nrr. re ,.c_i::ailL'.L..tlTlila. r':v\*. in h:dinc!_ tlT.i::--antL !* M filslcr of blood transfu- r-A _ ~ iri i* v* >iifrv of ho.*.:>1taUraUon<. <3< At U.c lime of iml.al cmpinymcnt. or iipcn institution of screening -fl/rjiui ... >t-n ti- plii;lnM lor rcrcrnlr.it ,* ilzjJLlr-viih lii Alkalineni^-nh.atflr.e: l in | freruin rhttamle oxaiacctlc trans? amlra" siTr'iVi * ivs .uprnrt* rhuamlc pyruvic Iranj- a.v,i: v i Oaruinn nluMaatyl IranspcplSdase iOO T**. "p.'.iihilor.al tests that may option ally lie considered for use In screening Include; <ti Ladle dehydrogenase: ` MH Semin protein determinations: Mil) Scrum protein electrophoresis; end , I tvl Platelet count. II (p) (1) (Delete] (p)(2) (Delete] (p) (3)... suitable samples shall be taken to permit the performance of all tests deemed necessary by the examining physician. (p)(4) (Delete] Hi It is the concensus of medical opinion that there are no diagnostic or screening procedures that will detect sensitivity or predisposition to angiosarcoma of the liver. Consequently a standard should not specify what tests should be performed, but should leave medical examinations to the discretion rnKp-y^feasicrml competejic4 of the examining physician. t I 15`Laboratory analyses for aJl blol >,-il eal n>cf!r.tc,t! Int`,udec! !n medical c.*.'.:o - inatlans shall be performed In labora tories ncrrcdHed by the College of Pathologist* or beeped under <3 err. p.m t-i. I! the remit* of screening required In paragraph *oM3> of this section arc r.sri:?:. screenim: shall be repealed: ',< Every .*ix months for employees *.,':o i;'-c been o.n|*.'o>cil In vf/iyl cisfo tide irlsted operations for iO years or more; sr.i l. Annually for all other employees cnV-tlnr jenulatc'i areas. ill If pr* or p;?-* liter function leM* t ` fi' r,y':Ar>:l^l. -- "rV.-i-?" !nli tir u-^u L.zm~zca *' h<? wllh- V" s * ' --*: fy ;l`l : n :f.i; m Ht n-:; -jL_v/-rli:r^I^han_ >?_ U'.r i ' - j ^ n p h Mrs 1 c ' 1 ; .-j.-e ), Iff-;i io v~" Vn;77^-rT -: liuLxpu-liEi. i ;~f:iv>ual mcdieal <)> h cc:r,plele and accurate record of the rr.vi>;t. v! jr.ciiIra) exummallons shall be ru.idc noil maintained for the dura tion of employment p'.ci five years, or for CO years, whichever Is loncer. U> flrronfi, U> nceords of monitor- h*S ar.it mcasuvin/t. ir.ciUcat records, and repulMcit area enu-y rosters and sum maries. shall be made available for ckpmhtallon find rojulnff upon request to puthiirl. ed rei>rr .-:iuaUves of Uio Assist ant Secretary and the Director. II (p)(7) {Delete] (p){6) [Delete] III Decisions as to the significance of tests, and recommended procedures' should be made by the physician. I J * ! ] i i ;Si H2 j.;i . :j . -'i * to W m 0) oa oo oo ft! J V H J3 <0 ttc c oo to a <u 4} u it 44 * A v 3 lllfli1 feSSslSS' ?K*!lj 3isr is!-? *5u22:' .tilI gif !* S 5 a R SS ?; ^|!PiS;f a 3 S3~v: ihlS* assg-s-gssg; S:8ifiTw St 0 c 4) tn it 1 ; svSc|a^i : s^gSs-s :*c a sTIs S* OOUo?5 RSV 0 0 1 1 0 7 6 <3> Upon completion of any monitoring -and measuring which discloses that any ' employee lias Actually been exposed to ir.,iVn[ vlnvl ch!nr)dS- cnch aucii f r,:;iUt;.cc shal! be Imhvldu.-iliy noti fied In writing. The notice shall: Be delivered not later than _!$ working days after corr.plellon of the aier.llorinc and measuring; til) S-ate the actual exposure in terms of concentration and time: and fill! Stoic the steps which have been taken, are being taken, and will be taken, with specific completion dates, u> tennl. ravo the exposure and prevent a rccur- rence. *. lib}. C(c), and HO, M Sul. 1903, , 1313 429 V3C. 65S. C57); >-crcury of >r'( Order Ko. ia-n (aa Ftl 1Jt| ) Ipped at Washington. D.C. this tth ' of Mjty, i#n. Joint Stenoca. . -. Aublant Secretary ol LQt>c*. m Doe.7-I0? rjfd 9-a-?4;:45 Mi) II (r)(3)... levels of vinyl chloride in excess of the limits set forth in paragraph (b)..,The employee shall: (r)(3)(i) (Delete, and replace by the following]: Be notified of the exposure as soon as practicable, but not later than five working days after the finding, and, (r) (3) (ii) Be informed of... (r) (3) (iii) following]t (Delete, and replace by the Be notified in a timely fashion of the corrective action being taken. III 17 f Monsanto r"- iioc.t'o- p,L. Wright - A2SC March 4, 1975 Dow Report on Vinyl Chloride Teratology Study TO G. Roush A2SA cc G. J. .Levinskas - A2SC We have reviewed the report of the teratology study on vinyl chloride,* sponsored by MCA and conducted in the Dow Laboratories. We would agree with the conclusion that vinyl chloride was not demonstrated to be teratogenic in any animal studied. Regarding the potentiation of maternal toxicity, it is also clear that ethanol increases the toxicity of vinyl chloride in all 3 species. Further, no evidence of teratogenic effects was found in rats or rabbits exposed to vinyl chloride plus ethanol. The evidence for a teratogenic response in mice exposed to both vinyl chloride and ethanol is, at most, only suggestive. As a result of the small number of litters and affected fetuses, the following is suggested to replace the last sentence in the conclusion section on page 9 "No teratogenic response to the combination of vinyl chloride and ethanol was observed in either rats or rabbits. The small number of litters and fetuses in volved prevent a conclusive assessment of the terato genic effect of the combination of vinyl chloride and ethanol in mice." /bkp Paul L. Wright . 1 ij REV. I 72 RSV 0011077 I: o g M uz< u RSV 0011078 rfci.e a p; .:-nsr.p STA?:nAHD .ippcart that the tidal number of tumors, as well as the numbers of anfi' :iuonus of the liver, decreased as the concentrations : VC were reduced lo 250 ppm. Another experiment by I';f.-.sur Malmni was reported underway in* .`king (!:- exposure of 300 animals to VC at concern stations of JO jv-m. in order to assess in a more definitive way whether that let cl of exposure produce* tumors in animals. Pain reported by Torkclson. Oycn and Rmve (American Industrial Hygiene Association J 22: 251061 indicate that esposure lo VC at concentrations of y> ppm failed lo induce tumors in rats, hamsters, rabbits, . riJ duys. The employees of the n.l;. Goodrich Chemical Com* ;.icy siho died from anpi.v.arcoma of the liver had an -cia?c exposure of approximately 10 years to vinyl cl.'ar.Jc, at unknown concentrations, and variable ex* ;-'iurc& to other volalibte chemicals. (Til VJ). Some i;rr!?>ccs of Union Carbide, firestone'fire and Rubber, : J Coudjear store also reported in post*licarinp coni* r-ar.ts to hate h .J exposure to vinxl chloride and to have i >.l fit>m nr:,-i.*..irc-ium of the liter, lin.lly. autopsies of ;r dcce.w.d cmpluucs revealed their liver aniMOMtrlumots were hi't<l*n?kull>' itulistmpuishahle from e ar'/ius:ir%<<ma tumors observed in Professor 'i.ilioni'x experimental animals. J. 7 Ac t.iut-r^enfy Temporary Slrindartf. Oft the ` ads of all hiM.-rma'.icn available at that lime, and the ' ut that eatpl.*'. ees were being exposed at levels around * i cxpcnr.tJRtaily i)l)<erved effect level of 250 ppm, an I j-terpencs Temporary Standard (ETS) was vmi Ipaicd t.n April 5. 1974 (W Fit 12342) as 29 CPU '!P.9i.|, Y-.is standard reduced the level from a ceiling <f f HO j pm to f 0 ppm ccilir.p. U was expressly recognized .4 this >t; ..lard limiting exposures to a 50 ppm level '-.s intended to be a tentative, interim standard, to be in ; V.vi no li'r,`cr than six months, durir.;: which time the i>cii -n of possible safe exposure to VC would be 'iJere.i more fully and in the light of more informa* a. (\pe;>.results of experiments which were known : * !: unde:-ay at that lime. TO (/? O o o wj tO CHANGES I-:c(.iistaki>aim CHAUCKS MASON Ym CHANT.F.S .4, AJihUonjt infatuation. On April IS. 1974. infer* n.j:ir*n a-.d data were presented lo representatives of OSIlA. NiOSit ard the LPA by the lr.iIuMri.nl liin-Tcsl I ..har.itosicv, Kuritthrook. Illinois. concerning result* of exposure studies with VC, ignored by the M.-r-.nfueturir.p Chemists Allocution (MCA). Although ody preliminary in nature, these remits revealed that 2 cat of 2C0 nice exposed to VC concentrations of 50 ppm f. r 7 horns J day. foe days a week, for approximately 7 i: ;irt:h>. developed angiosarcoma* of the fixer. The InJuslrial l)i**Tcst Lab data indicate that ex* p-uerc to VC at iu ppm may well constitute a serious L. i!t!i hazard IO employees. Aim*, the <|i:cMioit of a safe !%*cl of cxpouic for humans ca.mut he determined at il.it time, and may continue as a matter for scientific ti. liberation lor many years. We therefore conclude that it a now neec'XJry in propose lo ihanpc thi 50 ppm level x `tjMi'kctl >n Ihe l:.l S to as low- a let cl ax cun be delected f Ir; mctluHjulogiex outlined in this prc.pusuL (S) Ihe propmnt />*tnaiunt ihutJurit. The re- t; iKiurr.ts fur a cur.ipktc standard under section 6(h) of tl : Occupational Safely and Health Act of 1970 are eh more comprehensive than the provisions of Ihe 1 .S pror.iuJgjtvd on April 5. The following proposals u:t reponive to Ihe additional information un the car* v"r per.!,.ity i*f VC. and the ruipiircmctts of the Act. A. t i'll/ u t I'VfiUir'. The PICfV>C ! standard for C' : c**<i*ufe iv vet .-t iu> dc:vt;>l'!-: level, as deter- . .| V . nl uti l !i*td vai'.ililc of ' -.*1 x'. ' at v>*;*\ii!i .iliori- >*l 1 ;*:mt with l p;* ** r'us or mi:*:n 5U }V: .cut. Allium id* * *rc '.the rr.e:! i*.!s pu.iv he avail.i.ii now or in the , *tc l. t - *k\.I U'UMUvitv p; 'i'uscil appeals J.*.!v.!t :i.cr.liv ,ji ;a k A uicihuil r i liven icv'.ci'.iikt.-' -ItoOSHA l*v i, 1o u i/e ihe uiimb.T of pc *;* at rivk, a n. ui/C" vnt wjulJ be olulilitlwJ for regulating areas 'Sere vo:yl chloride is manufactured, reacted, stored, t released, repackaged. or ucJ, including ; with polyvinyl chloride containing detectable !...'s cf vir.y! chloride. Access lo the areas would be I.: bed to authorized employees. A. Level of Exposure (I) Standard effective October 5, 1974. The 8-hour tine-weighted average of vinyl chloride, to which any employes may be exposed, shall not cxccedl* ppm or a celling concen tration of VO ppm as determined by the monitoring prescribed In paragraph four (tv). Or.r.Wa r (II) Standard effective Aprtl 5, 1976. The 8-hour time-weighted average of vinyl chloride, to which any employee is exposed, r.hall not exceed** ppm or a celling`eon-, centratlon ofaJ ppm os determined by the monitoring pre scribed in paragraph four (lv). (III) Standard effective October 5, 1971. The 8-hour time-weighted average of vinyl chloride, to which any employa i may be exposed, shall not cxceod^ppm or a ceilin'; concentra tion of/e ppm ,u determined by the monitoring prescribed In paragraph four (Lv) (lv) The level of exposure shall be determined aa accurately aa possible I by monitoring equipment coaaerclally available. i / f The accuracy of the presene conaercloily avallsble monitoring equttmepc la dependent on the level measured; l.fe. 25ppm T 2CL, lOppm 30X, lppm t 501. ' RSV 0 0 1 1 0 8 0 * l-ff.V-' ` proposed standard i CHANCES IWII.~IU>I I n. MotUtorirt t. A program of mnnitcrins would he . -.ir: i rn cual h-di v.hrshcr ;! !jrc arc ilclCv'U.hie levels rcr il or; s ar,;l in i- eroiil .!(.UTininilir*a ol ,.i. e-r - ' :e cn .ir. ir..:|;vi,!ii.i! basis. Provision k , ,,'j SKiO Ib 1 n.iil: luf ui) opportmutv to observe : - n.u* ;hj by c: itple-yccs ur their ile-oimatcd represen* t. sives,, si reqeir cd ty section K (c) (l) uf the Act. C. Control n.-.t-lho,!t. WV.a : detect.:He lev els of VC :? r : ti-re-l. t v.o would trievsred: and ir. ": "f 'work rr.ui:ce rro.,r.s::i to tei!luce levels *.b :v.'l:.!`;Si 51'. ;n:d while this ii <m-coinc. a res* ;i rClLlluri rrorr.iin lor employees in the TCgll* | -|inc control* ar.d work practices are favored r of ccn;'!ijnc bc-'auo they lend,to avoid con* i. of ific ambient air in the workplace. Accori':f!y. it it proposed to require die institution of t .i.^eii-.e coniroli and of uorkpractice methods-as ;n 2> tc.i abic. and to require Stic use of respirators pen* d.'-f- the iii'-liuoion uf such controls, to supplement such i -atrols where ll.cv arc irvulSkienl In reduce eunccn* cf vinyl chloride below the o.;cci:ihli; loci. in wnri, >itt:.iii.(ns. :u:J in eases of emetijency. flic r fer co:'.;i:tuo'.n flow and prey r.e dem.iml types : re* t :.:*.: is [Tucd on the rcivstiincndalion* of 'iOSI I Tv- !7c\rurt-ly.YiV-.J l-.i|<:rc l.rcui:li chemical' V. ftn.;. -e ii'-.,;i.'.' ,iui litfh c >r-eei;ti "tons ot VC. A re ,i..iei:t woe Id also he eslnbh ...cd for the provi* s n ar.l a e of protective cl*tl*utp for employees in the '.e.l .ife.*. 'I lie protective closkiii.' would minimize omu.icI witl< VC 1.1pur, ar.d would provide some ;< .MMire of protection from jpl.t-.lt of liquid in the emit j spill or rupture uf equipment. food, beverages, and Id f product* would be prohibited in the regulated area. Written operational and emergency plans would he r-.J. along with employee irainiii? in routine and vcjfcncy dunes. Specific requirements would be <s* t;i'.ieti fur emergency acrions and for routine r. .srtcrjnec and decontamination operations, including inset entry, which arc known to present particular hacarJs. A program of personnel or area monitoring would be requlrei to establish the levels In regulated areas, as defined In paragraphs A-l, A-ll, and A-lll, and to permit determination of amployee exposures on an Individual basis. Proposed abatement schedule recognizes levels of vinyl chloride In the regulated areas. Where detectable levels of VC are monitored, two programs would be triggered; an engineering and work practice program to reduce levels, as defined In paragraphs A-i, A-il, end A-i .1; and while this is on-going, a respiratory protection program for employees In the rogulated area when the celling level la exceeded, as defined in paragraph A-i, A-il, and A-1L1. Recognises levels of vinyl chloride In regul: areas and requires respiratory protection for employees when levela are above the proposed dard aa defined In A-i, A-li, end A-liU t levela as defined in paragraphs A-t, A-11, and A-lli, Canister respirator# can be used In work area* when VC levela do not axceeda^|>^ppm. In VC level* exceeding^Ppm, a continuous flow air respirator or pressure demand air rasplrator le to be ueed. '?^AAmAVcf yC/fsDMi.** ^ S&0/ZT/* To change from detectable to proposed ached*:' To provide an Interim protection device vher our teats demonstrate that a canister rcsplra*-can be affective up to 50ppnl for 11-hours. T!.l permit! employee freedom of movement to either exit the area or procure more suitable protec I Delete "Specific" Specific written requirements Irould net be practical for emergency opcrotlbns. Ccr.ersl guidelines could be provided, bpt In or. crjrf.tr the employee handling the emergency would have take whatever specific action is required by t> nature of Che emergency situation. 75 to < Oo o 03 RSV 0 0 1 1 0 8 2 imiuuSi.i* s; AMtAun cuAWflas TJ;c purposes of opcreticn:i| aril emergency plan* and tt.iimn; arc i< :ippri*c employee* of tlur harnrds lo which ; ..y .fuj i* c\piol. of the precautions they must lake S,< avoid *uci ha/urd*. and to rehearse employees in (he *:..ecJ.rre* they nrjt follow in emergencies. " 1). Mch.-.'tl jnMV(7/ifiee. Comprehensive re* <p.ircn'.er.ts f.sc emplwxee medical cv.umnaiioni arc '{ripened, iiul.ilinp necessary tests. Some addiiioo.il pj-.sLrec U in,!udvd for the convenience of physicians, ltic proposed requirement* have been recommended to OSIIA l--. NIOSH as reasonably appropriate lo detect liter rhifurwiion which may be indicative of. or prcJopoun; (<. the development of liver angiosarcomas. E. AYffl'./i ,7m/ reports. Records of monitoring, t.:rjic.rl culminations, ar.d entry to regulated areas are propoted. with provision of access by appropriate OSIIA ac.d TtOSt l oidcials. Specific provisions for employee a.ve;s to moAiio'ing records arc included, as well as the requirement to furnish a copy of a medical record to an iT.ifhjycc's physician on the employee's request. I taldRhir.cm* conducting VC operations would be re q: :;c.l to identify them selves lo 0911 A. and to renort in* > '"is (aeeiil.T.nt resulting in the release of vinyl * :l >;i.1g. Accordingly, pursuant to sections 6 (b), 6 (c). and 8 (c) i>f the Occupational Safely and Health Act of 1970 (S4 S:s. I}73. 1596. 1399; 29 U.S.C. 655.657). Secretary of 1 ohor's Order No. 12-71 (36 F.R. 8754) and 29 Cl R r.rt 1911. it is hereby proposed to amend Pail 1910 of 2 n't 29 of the Code of federal Regulations by revising )r710.9t<! asset forth below. Written tint s. views, and arguments concerning the p-rpasals may be mailed to the Docket Officer, Docket l`nil-?6, Rocnt 230.1726 M Street. N.W.. Occupational S.ifeiy ar.d Health Administration. Washington, D.C. 2ti210. postmarked not later than dune 10. 1914. Pursuant to 29 CFR 1911.11 (b) and (c). interested pracr.i may file objections to the proposals, requesting : n informal hearing with respeej thereto, its accordance w:th the following conditions: to raport Incidents (accidents) resulting in the release of vinyl chloride sufficient to produce acute synptoas among workers exposed or having contact with vinyl chloride. HKAStiS Vuk Utt/ii.v.fr i Change to follow NIOSH's KaJeh 11. 1976 definition of an amergency. j (