Document J3wyenJEVe4GBa07Z3GxYeke2

Federal Register / Vol. 47, No. 54 / Friday, March H, 1962 f Propoaed Rule* 11119 Container*. Washington. D.C.: Government Notices of Intention To Appear The hearing will be presided over by Printing Office. 1079 and previous year*. SB. Ditcher, David P-. Melnmann. G.G- and Foeter. F.J,, National Occupational Hazard* Survey--Pilot Study for Development of an Occupational Dieeaea Surveillance Method. Report No. NlOSH-75-162/Sponaored by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Department of Environmental Health. Seattle: University of Washington. May 1975. 36. U.S. Department of Labor. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupational Injuries and Illnesses. 1977, Report 561: Washington. D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1979. 37. US. Department of Labor, Supplementary Data System. Subfile on Chemical Injuries and Illnesses, 1976-77. (Computerized Information Retrieval). 38. U.S. Department of Labor, Assistant Secretary for Policy, Evaluation, and Research. An Interim Report to Congress on Occupational Diseases. 1980. 39. Analysis prepared by U.S. Department of Labor. Assistant Secretary for Policy, Evaluation, and Research. 1972 Survey of Disabled and Nondisabled Adults Ages 20- 64. SSA/HEW. 1979. 40. Dorothy Rice, et al. "Social and Economic Implications of Cancer in the United States." Paper presented to Expert Committee on Cancer Statistics of die World Health Organization, June 20-28,1978. All persons wishing to participate in the public hearings must file a notice of intention to appear, in quadruplicate, on or before May 18,1982 addressed to Mr. Tom Hall. OSHA Division of Consumer Affairs, Docket No. H-022, Room N3635, U.S. Department of tabor, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, D.C. 20210; (202) 523-0024. The notices of intention to appear must contain the following information: (1) The name, address and telephone number of each person to appear (2) The capacity in which the person will appear, (3) The approximate amount of time requested for the presentation; (4) The specific issue* that will be addressed; (5) A detailed statement of the position that will be taken on each issue addressed; and (8) Whether the party intends to submit documentary evidence and if so, a brief summary of that evidence. Filing of Testimony and Evidence Before Hearing an Administrative Law Judge who will have all the powers necessary or appropriate to conduct a full and fa informal hearing as provided in 29 OFF Part 1911. Following the dote of the hearing or of any post hearing comment period, the presiding Administrative Law Judge will certify the record to the: Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health. All written and oral submissions as well aa other information gathered by the Agency, will be considered in ary action taken. The record of this rulemaking, induding written comments and materials submitted in response tn this notice and notices of intention to appear at the public hearings, will lie available for inspection and copying in the Docket Office, Room S-6212, at the above address, between the hours jf 8:15 eon. and 4:45 p.m. VOL Authority and Signature This document was prepared untier the direction of Thome G. Auchter, Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, U. 3. 41. Council on Environmental Quality. Toxic Substances Strategy Committee. Toxic Chemicals and Public Protection: Washington. D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1980. 42. The relationship is extrapolated to entire turnover rates and is based on Any party requesting more than 15 minutes for a presentation at the hearing, or submitting documentary evidence, must provide in advance the complete text of the testimony or documentary evidence to be presented. Department of Labor, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, D.C. 20210. Pursuant to sections 6(b) and 8(q) cf the Act, it ie hereby proposed to amend 26 CFR by adding a new 1910.1200 at; set forth below. evidence in W. Kip Viscusi, Employment Hazards: An Investigation of Market Performance. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1979. 43. Provided by the Federal and Industrial Applications Division. National Fire Data System. VII. Public Participation Interested persons are invited to These texts shall ba submitted in quadruplicate to the OSHA Division of Consumer Affaire, at the above address, and must be submitted by June 1,1982. These submissions will be available for inspection and copying at the OSHA Docket Office, Room S6212, et the above addresa.. Each submission received will be (Sec. 8(b). 8(c) and 8(q). Pub. L 91-596. 34 StaL 1563.1599.1600; 29 U.S.C. 655. 657 29 CFR Part 1911: Secretary of Labor's Order No. 8-76 (41FR 25059}} Signed at Washington, D.C. this 17th day of March 1962. x Thorns G. Auditor, Auietant Secretaryfor Occupational Sifeiy andHealth. submit written data, views, and reviewed to ascertain if the amount of arguments on this proposed standard. These comments must be received on or before May 18,1982, and submitted in time requested in the notice of intention to appear is appropriate. In those instances where the information PART 1910--OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS quadruplicate to the Docket Officer, contained in the submission does not It is proposed to amend 29 CFR by Docket H-022, U.S. Department of justify the amount of time requested, a adding a new f 1910,1200 to read tis Labor. Occupational Safety and Health more appropriate time allocation will be follows: Administration, 200 Constitution Avenue. NW., Room S-8212, made and the participant will be notified of the change. Any party who . 11910.1200 Heard communication Washington. D.C 20210; (202) 522-7804. Written submissions must clearly has not substantially complied with this (a)Scope and application. (1) This requirement may ba limited to a 15 section requires chemical manufacturers 1 identify the provisions of the proposal minute presentation, and may be to assess die hazards of chemicals which are addressed, and the position requested to return for questioning at a which they produce, and all employers taken on each issue. later time. in SIC Codes 20 through 39 (Division D, % Under section 6(b)(3) of the Act . OSHA is scheduling public hearings In Conduct of Hearing! Standard Industrial Classification Manual] to provide information to their several locations to permit interested Hie hearings will begin at 9:30 un. employees about the hazardous persons an opportunity to submit oral with resolution of any procedural chemicals which they use by means cf a testimony concerning the issues raised matins relating to the proceeding. The hazard commfmication program, labels, by the propoaed standard, including the hearings will be conducted in placards, material safety data sheets, economic and environmental impacts. accordance with 29 CFR Pert 1911. and information and training. The hearings will begin on June 15,1962, allowing full development of the record - \2) This section applies to any in Washington, D.C A future notice will and permitting all parties to exercise . chemical which la known to be present provide hairing dates in other qjties. their right* of participation. in the workplace in such a manner that DTH 000036583 12120 Federal Regis 7, No. S4 / Friday. March 19, 1982 / Proposed Roles employees my be exposed under normal conditions of see or in a foreseeable emergency. (3) Any mixture which is compriser at least one (1) percent (by weight or volume) of any chemical determined be hazardous shall also be considere hazardous for purposes of this sectic unless the mixture has been evaluated as a whole and the data indicates it is not hazardous. (4) If employee protection necessitates disclosure of hazardous chemicals comprising less than one (1) percent (by weight or volume) of a mixture, the Assistant Secretary may lower or eliminate this concentration exemption by a rulemaking notice in the Federal Register. (5) This section does not apply to chemicals being developed and used only in research laboratories. (6) This section does not apply to chemicals which are foods, drags, cosmetics or tobacco products intended for personal consumption by employees while in the workplace. (b) Definitions. "Assistant Secretary" means the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Department of Labor, or designee. "CAS number" means the unique identification number assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service to chemicals. "Chemical" means any element chemical compound or mixture of elements and/or compounds. "Chemical manufacturer" is an establishment where chemicals are produced for use or distribution. "Chemical name" is the scientific designation of a chemical in accordance with the nomenclature system developed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) or the Chemical Abstracts Sendee (CAS) rules of nomenclature. "Combustible" means any liquid haing a flashpoint at or above 100* F (37.8* C). Combustible liquids shall be divided into two classes as follows: (i) Class II liquids shall include those with flashpoints at or above 100* F (37.8* C) and below 140* F (00* C) except any mixture having components with flashpoints of 200* F (03A* C) or higher, the volume of which make up 09 percent or more of the total volume of the mixture: (ii) Class m liquids shall include those with flashpoints at or above 140* F (00* C). Class m liquids are subdivided into two subclasses: (A) Class HLA liquids shall include those with flashpoints at or above 140* F (60* C) and below 200* F (03A* C), except any mixture having components with flashpoints of 200* F (03J* Q, or .her, die total volume of which dkeup 96 percent or more of the total . olume of the mixture; (B) Class IHB liquids shall Include those with flashpoints at or above 200* F (83.3* C). This section does not cover Class IQB liquids. Where the term "Class m liquids" is used in this section, it shall mean only Class IDA liquids; (iii) When a combustible liquid is heated for use to within 30* F (16.7* C] of its flashpoint it shall be handled in accordance with the requirements for the next lower class of liquids. - "Common name" means any designation or identification such as code name, code number, trade name, brand nm or generic name used to identify a chemical other than by its chemical name. "Compressed gas" means: (i) A gas or mixture of gases having, in a container, an absolute pressure exceeding 40 psi at 70* F (21.1* C); or (ii) A gas or mixture of gases having, in a container, an absolute pressure exceeding 104 psi at 130* F (54.4* C) regardless of the pressure at 70* F (21.1* C);or (iii) A liquid having a vapor pressure exceeding 40 psi at 100* F (37A* C) as determined by ASTM D-323-72. "Container" means any bag, barrel bottle, box, can, cylinder, drum, storage tank, reaction vessel or the like that contains a hazardous chemicaL For purposes of this section, pipes or piping systems are not oonsidered to be containers. "Designated representative" means any individual or organization to whota an employee or former employee gives written authorization to exercise such employee's rights under this section. "Dimctor" swans the Director, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. UA Department of Health and Human Services, or designee. "Emergency" means any occurrence such as, but not limited to, equipment failure, rupture of containers, or failure of control equipment which may or does result in an uncontrolled release of a hazardous chemical into foe workplace. "Employee" means a worker who may be exposed under normal operating conditions or foreseeable emergencies to hazardous chemicals in a covered workplace, including, but not limited to production workers, line supervisors, and repair or maintenance personnel Office workers, grounds maintenance personnel security personnel or non resident management ate generally not Included, unless their fob performance routinely involves potential axposme tq hazardous chemioals. "Employer" means an establishment in SIC Codes 20-38 that manufactures or uses hazardous chemicals. "Explosive" means a chemical that causes a sudden, almost instantaneous release of pressure, gas, and heat when subjected to sudden shock, pressure, or high temperature. "Flammable" means a chemical that falls into one of foe following categories (1) "Aerosol flammable" means an aerosol that when tested by foe method described in 10 CFR 1500.45, yields a flame projection exceeding 18 inches at full valve opening, or a flashback (a flame extending bade to foe valve) at any degree of valve opening; (ii) "Gas, flammable" means: (A) A gas that at ambient temperature and pressure, forms a flammable mixture with air at a concentration of thirteen (13) percent bj volume or less; or (B) A gas that at ambient temperaturi and pressure, forms a range of flammable mixtures with air wider than twelve (12) percent by volume, regardless of foe lower limit and (C) Gaseous ammonia; (iii) "Liquid, flammable" means any liquid having a flashpoint below 100* F (37A* C), except any mixture having components with flashpoints of 100* F (37A* C) or higher, foe total of which make up 90 percent or more of foe total volume at foe mixture. Flammable liquids shall be known as Class I liquid:) Class I liquids are divided into three classes as follows: (A) Class IA shall indude liquids having flashpoints below 73* F (22.8* C] and having a boiling point below 100 F (37A* C); (B) Class IB shall include liquids having flashpoints below 73* F (22.8* C) and having a boiling point at or above 100* F (37A* C); and (C) Class IC shall indude liquids having flashpoints at or above 73* F (22A* C) and below 100* F (37A* C); (hr) "Solid, flammable" means a solid, other than a blasting agent or explosive as defined in 11910.100(a), that is liable to cause fire through friction, absorption of moisture, spontaneous chemical change, or retained heat from manufacturing or processing, or which can be ignited readily and when ignited bums so vigorously and persistently as to create a serious hazard. A chemical shall be considered to be a flammable solid if, when tasted by foe method described in 10 CFR 1500.44, it ignites and bums with a self-sustained flame mi a rate pester than one-tenth ef an inch per second along its major aids. "Flashpoint" means the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off a DTH 00003658 Federal Register / Vol. 47. Wo. W / Friday. March 19, 1982 / Propoeed Rules 12021 vapor In sufficient concentration to promotes combustion in other Materials, workplace is labeled, tagged or marked ignite when tested as follows: (I) TagUaboe Closed Tester (see thereby causing fin either of Itaelf or through the release of oxygen or other with the following information: (1) Identity of the hazardous American National Standard Method of gases. chemical(s) contained therein; end Test for Plash Point by Tag Closed "Pyrophoric" means a chemical that - (ii) Hazard warnings. Tester. ZU.24-1979 (ASTM D 66-79))-fbr will Ignite spontaneously in air at a (2) When stationary containers in u liquids with a viscosity of less than 45 temperature of 190* F (54.4' C) or below. work area have similar contents anti Saybolt Universal Seconds (SUS) at 100* "Unstable (reactive)" means a hazards, the employer may post signs or F (37.8* C), that do not contain chemical which in the pure state, or as placards to convey the required i suspended solids and do not have a tendency to form a surface film under produced or transported, will vigorously information rather than affixing labels polymerize, decompose, condense, or to each individual container. test; or (ii) Pensky-Martens Closed Tester (see American National Standard Method of Test for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Tester. Zll.7-1978 (ASTM D 937B))-for liquids with a viscosity equal to or greater then 45 SUS at 100* F(37.8* C). or that contain suspended solids, or that have a tendency to form a surface film under test; or (iii) Setaflash Closed Tester (see American National Standard Method of Test for Flash Point by Setaflash Closed Tester (ASTM D 3278-781). will become self-reactive under conditions of shocks, pressure or temperature. "Use" means handle, react process, package or repackage, or transport. "Water-reactive" means a chemical that reacts with water to release a gee that is either flammable or presents health hazard. "Work area" means a room or defined space in an establishment where hazardous chemicals are produced or used, and where employees am present "Workplace" means an establishment at one geographical location containing (3) The employer shall ensure tha: each container of hazardous chemicals leaving the workplace is labeled, tagged or marked with the following information: (1) Identity of the hazardous chemical(s); (ii) Hazard warnings; and (iii) Name, address and telephone number of the manufacturer. (4) The employer need not affix new labels to comply with this standard if existing labels already convey the necessary information. Not*-- FOr mixtures, if the result of any one or more work areas. (5) The employer is not required to test method described in paragraphs (lHiU) is above 100* F (J7J* C). evaporate a freah sample to ninety (90) percent of the original volume and rateet The lower of the two values dull be taken as the flash point (c) Hazard determination and communication program. (1) Bach chemical manufacturer shall evaluate the chemicals producsd in his/her workplace to determine if they are label containers of ten gallons (37J) liters) or less in volume, into which hazardous chemicals an transferal from labeled containers, and which are intended only for the immediate use of Organic peroxides, which undergo hazardous. See Appendix B for tha employee who performs the transfer. autoaccelerating thermal decomposition, are excluded from any of die flashpoint determination methods specified above. "Hasardous chemical" means any chemical which is combustible, a compressed gee, explosive, flammable, a health hazard, an organic peroxide, an oxidizer, pyrophoric, unstable (reactive) or water-reactive. "Hazard waning" means any words, pictures, symbols, or combination thereof which convey the hazards of Am chemicals) in the container. "Health hazard" means a chemical which, upon exposure, may result in the guidelines. (2) Bach employer shall develop and implement a hazard communication program for his/her workplace which at least meets the criteria specified in paragraphs (d), (e), and (f) of tills section for labels and placards, material safety data sheets, and employee information and training, and which Includes the. following: (i) The procedures the employer will use to determine the hazards of the chemicals which he/she produces; (ii) A Hat of the hazardous chemicals known to be present in the workplace (e) Material safety data shoots, p.l Bach employer shall obtain or develop a material safety data sheet for each hazardous chemical which he/she produces or uses. (2) Each material safety data sheet shall reflect tha information contained in the sources consulted by tha chemical manufacturer in his/her hazard determination under paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section, and shall contain at least the following information: (i) Tha chemical and common occanenoe of acuta or chronic health (using an identity that is referenced on namefs], CAS Numbarfa) and the effects in employees. Far further explanation,see Appendix A. Health Hazards, of this sertion. the appropriate material safety data sheet); and (iii) The methods the employer will identity used on the label for ell hazardous ingredients which comprise greater than on* (1) percent of the "Identity" means any chemical or use to infant employees of the hasard* chemical (except aa provided by common name which is indicated on the material safety data sheet (MSDS) for of non-routine tasks, for example, repair and maintenance of unlabeled pipes or paragraph (g) of this section on trade secrets); the chemical. Tbs identity used shall the cleaning of reactor vassals. (ii) Physical and chemical 1 permit croaa-reforencse to ha made among the required Uat of hazardous (3) The employer may rely on an characteristics of tin hazardous existing hazard communication program chemical (such as vapor pressure. Sash chemicals, the label and the MSDS. to comply with tills section provided point); "Organic peroxide" means an organic that it meets the criteria established in (iii) The physical hazards of the 1 compound that contains the bivalent this paragraph. hazardous chemical, including the -o-o structure and which may be (4) The required Hat ofhazardous potential for fire, explosion. and considered to be a structural derivative chemicals shall be made available to reactivity: of hydrogen peroxide where one or both employees or their designated (iv) Known acute and chronic health of the hydrogen atoms bee been replaced by an organic radical. representatives, the Assistant Secretary effects of expoeare to the hazardoia and thaDtrectar. ehfmiea), iwrlmfing signs and symptoms "Oxidizer" means a chemical other (d) Labels andplacard*. (1)H of exposure, and medical conditions than a blasting agent or explosive as employer shall ensure that each i may defined in 11910.108(a), that initiate* or container ef hazardous chemicals tn the to the chemical; >TH 0000365.: 5 12122 Fec'ara.'. ?.ejp.s':er / Vo.., .Vo. \<t i (v) The primary route{) oientry and hazardous chemicals in the workplace B` lible axpoaura imit (i or those out chemicals tor which OSHA at the time of their initial assignment and. whenever a new hazardous has promulgated a permissible exposurcehemical is introduced into their work limit); (vi) Precautions for safe handling and use, including appropriate hygienic practices, procedures for decontaminating equipment prior to performing repairs and maintenance, and procedures for clean-up of leaks or spills; (vii) Engineering controls recommended; (viii) Work practices recommended; (ixj Personal protective equipment area. (1) Information. Employees shall be informed of: - (i) The requirements of this regulation; (ii) Any operations in the work area where hazardous chemicals are present and (iii) The location and availability of the list of hazardous chemicals and material safety data sheets required by this section. (2) Training. Employee training shall recommended; (x) Emergency and first aid procedures; (xi) The date of preparation of the include at least (i) Methods and observations the employee may use to detect the presence or release of a hazardous material safety data sheet or the last chemical in the workplace; change to it; and (ii) The hazards of the chemicals in (xii) The name, address and telephone the workplace; number of the manufacturer preparing (iii) The measures employees can take the sheet to protect themselves from the hazards; (3) If no information is found for any and given category on the material safety (iv) The details of the hazard data sheet, the employer shall mark it to communication program developed by indicate no information was found. the employer and how employees can Blank spaces on existing material safety obtain and use the appropriate hazard data sheets will be considered to information. indicate that information was sought but (g) Trade secrete. (1) An employer not found. It is the chemical may withhold the precise chemical manufacturer's responsibility to ensure name of a chemical if; that this interpretation is accurate. As (1) The employer can substantiate that the MSDSs are updated, the blanks shall it is a trade secret; be marked as required. (ii) The chemical is not a carcinogen, (4) If the employer becomes aware of mutagen, teratogen, or a cause of any information which is both new and significant irreversible damage to significant regarding the health hazard human organs or body systems for of a chemical, this shall be added to the which there is a need to know the material safety data sheet within a precise chemical name; reasonable period of time. (iii) The chemical is identified by a (5) Chemical manufacturers shall generic chemical classification which ensure that manufacturing purchasers of would provide useful information to a hazardous chemicals are provided an health professional; appropriate material safety data sheet (iv) Ail other information on the with their initial shipment and with the properties and effects of the chemical first shipment after a material safety required by this section is contained in data sheet is updated. If the material the material safety data sheet; safety data sheet is not provided with (v) The material safety data sheet the shipment, the purchasing indicates which category of information manufacturing employer shall obtain is being withheld on trade secret one from the chemical manufacturer as grounds; and soon as possible. (vi) In any event, die withheld (6) The employer shall maintain Information is provided on a copies of the required material safety confidential basis to a treating physician data sheets for each hazardous chemical who states in writing (except in an in the workplace, and shall ensure that emergency situation) that a patient's they are readily accessible. health problems may be the result of (7) Material safety data sheets for the occupational exposure. A statement to hazardous chemicals they are exposed this effect with the name of the to shall be made available to employees manufacturer and an emergency and their designated representative, and telephone number shall be included in upon request, to the Assistant Secretary the material safety data sheet and the Director. (2) To the extent that names of trade (f) Employee information and training. secret chemicals are disclosed, the The employer shall provide employees employer may condition employee, with information and training on designated representative, and downstream employer access to such information upon acceptance of a reasonable confidentiality agreement The agreement may restrict use of the information to health purposes, prohibit disclosure of the information to anyone other than a treating physician without the consent of the originating employer, and provide for compensation or other legally appropriate relief for any competitive harm which results from a breach of the agreement. (h) Effective dates. Employers shall be in compliance with this section within the following time periods; Dwptoyr nufltotr ot OumtaM manutacanrc Mar* Sen MO 9ft to *V> VIA pen OSeraiefewe*______ *14 fMIt MMaee ten. 2H year*. 3 yean. 3* yen. Appendix A-'Health Hazards Although safety hazards related to the physical characteristics of a chemical can be objectively defined in terms of testing requirements (eg. flammability), health hazard definitions are less precise end more subjective. Health hazards may causa measurable changes in the body--such as decreased pulmonary function. These changes are generally indicated by the occurrence of signs and symptoms in the exposed employees such as shortness of breath, a non-measunble, subjective feeling. Employees exposed to such hazards should be apprised of both the change in body function end the signs and symptoms that may occur to signal that change. The determination of occupational health hazards is complicated by the fact that many of the effects or signs and symptoms occur commonly in non-occupationaUy exposed populations, so that effects of exposure are difficult to separate from normally occurring illnesses. Occasionally, a substance causes an effect that is rarely seen in the population at large, such as angiosarcomas caused by vinyl chloride exposure, thus making it easier to ascertain that the occupational exposure was the primary causative factor. More often, however, the effects are common, such as hmg cancer. The situation is further complicated by the fact that most chemicals have not been adequately tested to determine their health hazard potential, and data does not exist to substantiate these effects. There have been many attempts to categorise effects and to define them in various ways. Generally, the terms "acute" and "chronic" are used to definate between effects on the basis of severity or duration. _ "Acute" effects usually occur rapidly as a result of short-term exposures, are of short duration, and generally reversible. "Chronic ' effects occur as a result of long-term exposure, are of long duration, and may be irreversible. Neither of these terms gives DTH 00003658B Federal Register / Vol 47, Mo. 54 / Friday, March 19. 1962 / Proposed Rales 12123 officiant guidance to thou attempting to define a health hazard. The acute effects referred to moat frequently ere thou defined by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard for Precautionary Labeling of Hazardous Industrial Chemicals (Z129.1-1978)-- irritation, corrosivity, sensitization and lethal dose. Although these are important health effects, they do not adequately cover the considerable range of acute effects which may occur as a result of occupational exposure, such as, for example, narcosis. Similarly, the term chronic effect is often used to cover only carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, and mutagenicity. These effects ate obviously a concern in the workplace, but again, do not adequately cover the area of chronic effects, excluding, for example blood dyscrasias (anemia). Although the goal of defining precisely, in measurable terms, every possible health effect that may occur in the workplace at a result of chemical exposures cannot realistically be accomplished, this does not negate the need for employees to be protected from such effects when they are known, and to be informed of all types of health hazards. Consequently, in asussing the health hazard potential of a chemical for purposes of compliance with this standard, the employer shall consider the scientifically well-established evidence of any type of health effect which may occur in any body system of his/her employees. Some sources of information which the employer may wish to consult in conducting the hazard evaluation are listed In Appendix B. The following is a target organ categorization of effects which may occur, including examples of signs and symptoms and chemicals which have been found to cause such effects. These examples are presented to illustrate the range and diversity of effects and hazards found in the workplace, and the broad scope employers must consider in this area, but are not Intended to be all-inclusive. 1. Hepatotoxic agents: Chemicals which produce liver damage. Signs ft Symptoms: jaundice: hepatitis. Chemicals: Carbon tetachloride; nitrosaminss. 2. Nephrotoxic agents: Chemicals which produce kidney damage. Signs ft Symplons: Decreased elimination of wastes. Chemicals: Halogensted hydrocarbons: uranium. S. Neurotoxic agents: Chemicals which produce their primary toxic affects on the nervous system. Signs ft Symptons: Narcosis; behavioral changes: decrease in motor functions. Chemicals: Mercury: carbon disulfide. 4. Agents which act oo the blood or hematopoietic system: Lower blood pressure; deprive the body tissues of oxygen. Signs ft Symptons: Leukemia; anemia. Chemicals: Carbon monoxide; cyanides. 5. Agents which damage the lung Chemicals which irritate or damage the pulmonary tissue. Signs ft Symptons: Cough; tightness in chest; fibrosis. Chemicals: Silica; asbestos. 6. Reproductive toxins: Chemicals which affect the reproductive capabilities including chromosomal damage (mutations) and effects on fetuses (teratogeneeie). Signs ft Symptoms: Birth defects; sterility. Chemicals: Lead; DBCP. 7. Cutaneous hazards: Chemicals which affect the dermal layer of the body. Signs ft Symptons: Defatting of the skin; rashes; irritation. Chemicals: Ketones; chlorinated compounds. 8. Eye hazards: Chemicals which affect the eye or visual capacity. Signs ft Symptons: Conjunctivitis; comeal damage. Chemicals: Organic solvents; adds. Appendix B--Hazard Determination GukblinM The quality of a hazard communication program is largely dependent upon the adequacy and accuracy of the hazard determination. The hazard determination requirement is performance-oriented. Chemical manufactures are not required to follow any specific methods for determining hazards, but it is incumbent upon them to demonstrate that they have adequately ascertained the scientifically well-established hazards of the chemicals produced. This Appendix is intended to provide employers, who may desire to use it with a list of some basic sources of reference for the hazards of chemicals. Sources Any information employers have in their own company files such as toxicity testing results or illness experience of company employees. Any information obtained from foe supplier of foe chemical, such as material safety data sheets or product safety bulletins. Any information obtained from foe following source list (latest editions should be used): Condensed Chemical Dictionary, by A. and E. Rose Reinhold Publishing Corporation. 450 West 33rd Street New York. NY 10001 The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals and Drugs Merck and Company, Inc* 120 E. Lincoln Avenue. Rahway, N] 07005 IARCMonograph* on the Evaluation ofthe Carcinogenic Risk ofChemical* to Man Geneve: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1072-1077 (Multivolume work) American IndustrialHygiene Association Hygienic Guidee American Industrial Hygiene Association, 00 South Miller Road Akron, OH 44313 Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, by FA. Patty John Wiley ft Sons, Inc., New York, NY (Five volumes) Toxicology: The Basic Science ofPoisons, by Louis J. Casarett andJohn Doull Macmillan Publishing Co., Inn, New York NY Industrial Toxicology, byAlios Hamilton and Harriet L Hardy Publishing Sciences Group, Inc* Acton, MA Toxicology ofthe Eye, by W. Morton Grant Charles C Thomas. Springfield MO Handbook of Chemistry andPhysics Chemical Rubber Company, 10001 Cranwood Parkway, Cleveland (XI 44120 Thresholdlimit Value* for Chemical Substances and PhysicalAgent* j.i the Workroom Environment with blooded Changee American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. 1014 Broadway, Cincinnati. OH 46202 Dangerous Properties ofIndustrial Materials, by N. Irving Sax Reinhold Publishing Corporation. 45) West 33rd Street, Naw York, NY 10001 Note.--The following documents an on sale by foe Superintendent of Documeits. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C 20402 Occupational Health Guidelines NIOSH/OSHA (Available Fall 1001]. NIOSH/OSHA Pocket Guide to Ghent, cal Hazards NIOSH Pub. No. 70-210 Registry of Toxic Effects ofChemical Substances U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Pubic Health Service. Center for Disease Control National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health The Industrial Environment--Its Evaluation and Control VS. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centsr for Disease Control National Inst tuts for Occupational Safety and Health Miscellaneous Documents--National Institute for Occupational Safety tnd Health 1. Criteria for a recommended standard * * * Occupational Exposure to"------------ " 2. Special Hazard Reviews 3. Occupational Hazard Assessmen; 4. Current Intelligence Bulletins Bwjoqrafhic Data Bases 11 ii i r IvMoi pwttv aauuaa^k rm> ,ivii,iM,i Ssrvtaw (BBS), CvpMton Rvii Us. roe. Seesa Not YaW 12302. LocUwed-CMLOO. toGUieed MeNMe A Spees Compeer, let. P.a Bat Meet. Sen FfsnoNoo. CA S4144. AGRICOLA. see pncvKws. CA CONDENSATES, CA SEARCH. anuaiNpa MEDLARS. MEOOC. NDS. pollution abstracts. OENCE CITATION WOEX SUE. AOMCOLA. noeu PREV. ISTS-PTTESENT. torn prev. isse-7. ca condensates CA SEARCH 1S7J-7S. CA SEARCH 1P77-PW23EWT. CHEMNAME. CONFERENCE PAPEfH INDEX. reoo seen i tech Asm. FOODS ADUBRA. m. .PHARMACEUTICAL Aeem NTIB, POLLUTION ABSTRACTS. CUEARCH 1S7S-PREZEHT. SCUEARCM 1*74-77 SUE CURRBTT RESEARCH. DTH 0000365*)'/ 12124 Federal Register / Vol. 47, No. 54 / Friday, March 19, 1982 / Proposed Rules Bmuoorafmc Data Bass Continued todot pravWa fm nama soc-orbit, soc $MTGh SlMN, PtpqtmK No. 2230, POMdaa. CA 91051. Chifficil tnfermatlon System (CIS), Chemical Mnimljon Systems. Inc., 721S York Road. OMtSnora. MO 21212. National ubrary o< mmgm, uoporanom ol Health and Human Samoa*. PuMc Health Same*, imnu maum ot North, 9h--dt, MD 20209. AQfttCOLA. BIOCOOES. BI06IS/BI06973. CAS8771 /CAS7279. CAS77. CHEMDEX. CONFERENCE. ENVIAOUNE. LABORDOC NTIS. POLLUTION. SS1E. Structure and NomancMir* Saarcn Syatam. AoA* Toaciy (RTECS). Conaumar Products Chemical, OS and Hazardou* Materials. Toxicology Data Bank (TDS). MEDUNE. TOXUNE. CANCERUT. RTECS. {PR Doe. B2>75tt Fited 3-17-92 1240 pa] MJJNQ COOt 1fr-29-4l DTH 0000365