Document J3X3KNJ7kM1XoJw3Rd0Qy4bwX

FPC VINYL RE INS FPC 470 FPC 470 is a versatile solution resin with ketone solubility, toluene and xylene tolerance, alkyd and extender resin compatibility and excellent adhesion. FPC 470 can be used in many new applications which were previously considered impractical for vinyl chloride resins. The usual qualities attributed to polyvinyl chloride resins are retained. TYPICAL SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS Solubility: (practical concentrations) Ketones (up to 45%) Ketone (10%)/Toluene or Xylene (90%) blends Ketone (70%)/Allphatic (30%) blends Ketone (70%)/Alcohol (30%) blends Esters Chlorinated hydrocarbons Solution Techniques: FPC 470 is easily dissolved by sifting the resin Into the solvent under agitation. A small portion of the solvent can be held for addition after "cutting" to assure the development of high viscosity necessary for high shear during solvation. Mild heating and/or high shear agitation will reduce the mixing time. Agglomeration of resin particles must be prevented for minimum solvation time and agitation must be continued until solvation is complete. "Lacquer" type resins always show solubility and viscosity differences with variation in mixing (i.e., shear rate, time, temperature etc.). The solvent system will determine the viscosities, processing characteristics and drying schedules. The time necessary for complete solution of the resin is usually diminished by utilizing a high shear* ing action mixer and/or gentle heating of the solu tion. The aforementioned technique is desirable in the higher per cent solids ranges. FPC 470 solutions in methyl ethyl ketone show good aging stability up to 40% solids (wt. basis). Above this concentration solutions are possible, but viscosities show a steady increase upon aging. Solvents other than methyl ethyl ketone will show different maximum resin concentrations for stable viscosities on aging, Formulating for "Rule 66" Solvent Regulation: FPC 470 is well suited for compliance with solvent emission regulations. Most are based upon the original "Rule 66" enacted by Los Angeles County in July, 1966. Since these regulations limit the amount of branched ketones and aromatic diluents, vinyl solution resin formulating has become more dif ficult. Many of the non-restricted solvents have some deficiency In terms of cost, odor, or evaporation rate, while the non-restricted diluents are generally not very compatible with typical vinyl solution resins. FPC 470 is quite soluble in many of the weaker vinyl solvents and has a high level of tolerance for aliphatic hydrocarbons and low molecular weight alcohols which are replacing most of the usual aromatic (toluene or xylene) portion. TYPICAL POLYMER PROPERTIES Type.................................Vinyl chloride terpolymer Form................................................................Powder Specific gravity................................................... 1.31 Solution bulking (gals./solid lb.)...................... 0.091 Relative viscosity (1% incyclohexanone)......... 1.35 FPC 470 is suitable for use under subpart F of the following F&DA regulations: 121-2514-Container Coatings 121-2520-Adhesives 121-2526-Paper Coatings for Aqueous or Fatty Foods 121-2550-Closures 121-2571-Paper Coatings for Dry Foods The above reference is only to FPC 470 as supplied by the Firestone Plastics Company. All other in gredients used to further compound FPC 470 must have similar F&DA status for the composite product to meet the requirements of the regulations. Chemicals Division, FIRESTONE PLASTICS COMPANY, Pottstown, Pa. DIVISION OF THE FIRESTONE TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY 19464 Ucc 040754 TYPICAL SOLUBILITY The solubility data presented below are obtained from solutions made with minimum agitation at room temperature to obtain maximum viscosities. The viscosities were measured using the Brookfield Viscometer, LVF Model. These solubility curves can be used as starting points for the development of coating formulations. They indicate typical values only and are not to be considered specifications. Production mixing techniques sometimes fail to achieve the efficiency obtained in smaller units. It is recom mended that clear solutions be filtered in order to remove unsolvated resin particles which could interfere with solution clarity and cause irregularities in the coating surface. SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FPC 470 IN KETONE SOLVENTS VISCOSITY vs. RESIN SOLIDS SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FPC 470 IN ACETATE SOLVENTS VISCOSITY vi. RESIN SOLIDS SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FPC 470 IN SPECIAL SOLVENTS VISCOSITY vv RESIN SOLIDS VISCOSITY (Cemipoises). 60 rpm ucc 040155 KETONE/AROMATIC SOLVENT SYSTEMS n SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FPC 470 IN KETONE/TOLUENE BLENDS AT 20 PER CENT SOLIDS VISCOSITY vs. SOLVENT BLEND SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FPC 470 IN KETONE/XYLENE BLENDS AT 20 PER CENT SOLIDS VISCOSITY vs. SOLVENT BLEND Toluene 0 10 20 30 40 SO 60 70 SOLVENT BLEND (Par Cant by Waight) SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FPC 470 IN KETONE/TOLUENE BLENDS AT 30 PER CENT SOLIDS . VISCOSITY vs. SOLVENT BLENO Xylan# 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 SOLVENT BLEND (Par Cant by W ght) 70 J SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FPC 470 IN KETONE/XYLENE BLENDS AT 30 PER CENT SOLIDS VISCOSITY vs. SOLVENT BLENO Toluana 0 10 20 30 40 SO 60 SOLVENT BLEND (Par Cant by Waight) Xylan* 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 SOLVENT BLENO (Par Cant by Waight) ucc 040156 ACETATE/AROMATIC SOLVENT SYSTEMS SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FPC 470 IN ACETATE/TOLUENE BLENDS AT 20 PER CENT SOLIDS VISCOSITY vs. SOLVENT BLEND SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FPC 470 IN ACETATE/XYLENE BLENDS AT 20 PER CENT SOLIDS VISCOSITY vs. SOLVENT BLEND Toluana 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 SOLVENT BLENO (Par Cant by Waight) SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FPC 470 IN ACETATE/TOLUENE BLENDS AT 30 PER CENT SOLIDS VISCOSITY vs. SOLVENT BLEND Xylena 0 10 20 30 40 60 60 70 SOLVENT BLEND (Par Cant by Waight) SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FPC 470 IN ACETATE/XYLENE BLENDS AT 30 PER CENT SOLIDS VISCOSITY v*. SOLVENT BLEND -i Toluana 0 10 30 30 40 50 60 SOLVENT BLEND (Par Cant by Waight) Xylana 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 SOLVENT BLEND (Par Cant by Waight) ) ucc 040157 KETONE/DILUENT SOLVENT SYSTEMS r SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FPC 470 IN MIBK/DILUENT BLENDS AT 20 PER CENT SOLIDS VISCOSITY vs, SOLVENT BLEND SOLVENT BLEND (Per Cent by Weight) Diluent 0 10 20 30 40 50 SOLVENT BLEND (Pet Cent by Weight) 60 SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FPC 470 IN MIBK/DILUENT BLENDS AT 30 PER CENT SOLIDS VISCOSITY v*. SOLVENT BLEND Diluent 0 10 20 30 40 50 SOLVENT BLENO (Per Cent by Weight) Diluent 0 10 20 30 40 50 SOLVENT BLEND (Per Cent by Weight) ucc o40153 COMPATIBILITY FPC 470 exhibits solution compatibility and dry film compatibility with many conventional coating materials such as acrylics, vinyls, many alkyds, melamines, triazines, rosin derivatives, some epoxy resins, polyesters and most common vinyl plasticizers. This wide range of compatibility allows the formulation of coatings with unique com binations of properties heretofore unattainable. Alkyds and many other varieties of resins are com patible with FPC 470. Film compatibility ob servations were made, using the following code: C=good compatibility, clear and glossy films l=incompatible In some cases the solutions are slightly cloudy, but the dry film is clear and glossy. This is due to im proved solvent balance. A 30% FPC 470 in MIBK solution was blended with the various materials. All blends were made on a weight basis and ratios shown are based on solids. FPC 470 is always shown first in the blend ratio. Rosin Ester Resins: Generally compatible in all proportions. ("Neolyns" supplied by Hercules Powder Company) Cellulose Type Resins: Not generally compatible, some limited possibilities. Epoxy Resins: Liquid types are generally compatible while the solid resins are generally not compatible. Plasticization: FPC 470, being a highly soluble resin, is affected by plasticizer more readily than less soluble vinyl solu tion resins. Where 10 to 20 pph plasticizer are used with the conventional vinyl resins, only 5 to 10 pph plasticizer are necessary to obtain the same flex ibility with FPC 470. For good aging characteristics a combination of polymeric and monomeric plasticizers has been found to be best. FPC 470 is compatible with most conventional plasticizers; however, epoxy-stabilizer type plasticizers may cause viscosity increases and even gelation. COMPATIBILITY WITH OTHER VINYL RESINS FPC 470 is compatible with the following vinyl, solu tion type resins: FPC 481 FPC 450 FPC 497 FPC 454 FPC 471 FPC 470 is frequently used in combination with the aforementioned resins in order to improve adhesion to metals, and various other substrates. FPC 470/Drying Oils: Solids Ratio 5/1 1/1 1/5 Superb Soybean CC I H. B. Snowflake Soybean CCC Alkali Ref. Fish CC I Blown Fish CCC Safflower CI I Oiticia CC I H. B. Linseed CCC Raw Linseed CC I Superb Linseed CCC (above materials supplied by ADM Chemicals> Acrylic Polymers: Generally compatible In all proportions. ("Acryloids" supplied by Rohm & Haas Co.) ("Elvacites" supplied by duPont) FPC 470/Amine Curing Resins: Solids Ratio 2/1 5/1 10/1 20/1 Uformite F-240 C C CC Uformite MM-55 I I II Uformite MX-61 C C CC (above materials supplied by Rohm A Haas Co. Resimene933 I I II (above material supplied by Monsanto Company) Solution Stability: FPC 470 solutions show excellent can stability on prolonged shelf storage. Propylene oxid or epichlorohydrin should be included at approxi mately 1 % by weight of the solvent system to prevent can corrosion and/or viscosity increase after aging. Compounding materials often contain basic metals or other acid reactive ingredients which cause high formulation viscosities. These ingredients (includ ing epoxy-containing plasticizers) can be neutral ized with 2 pph (based on the reactive ingredient) of malic, malonic,n-butyl phosphoric, or trimesic acid. The acid must be dissolved in a solvent with mild heating, prior to being added to the formulation. \ J Quic'Jci sq FPC 470/Alkyds (and similar type resins): SUPPLIER NO. c P 296 60 P 661 70 OP 470 70 P381 70 P 670 55 P 671 50 P 322 50 1331 60 EL P 595 60 323SO P 750 50 P 776 45 P 531 50 1334 40 EL 1307 50 EL 1313 50EL P 710 50 1303 50 P 450 50 1341 60 1316 50 P 27 50 P 702 65 4255 50 4250 50 4280 50 1344 60 1344 70 Duraplex C-55 Duraplex A-27 Amberlac 292 Duraplex ND-78 Duraplex ND-77B TYPE PHTHALIC OIL VOLATILE 3/1 1/1 1/3 Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Rosin Mod. Rosin Mod. Phert+Rosin Phenolated Phanolatad Non-Drying Vinyl Toluana Styrenated Acrylic Drying Drying Drying Drying Drying Non-Orying Non-Drying 24 65% - Soya Minaral Spirits Ccc 24 65% - Soya Xylol Ccc 24 65% - Soya Od. Min. Spirits C 1 1 24 65% - Linsaad Mineral Spirits Ccc 30 56% - Linseed VM & P Naphtha C c c 30 56% - Linsaad Mineral Spirits 1 cc 30 55% - Lin/Fish Minaral Spirits Ccc 31 57% - Soya Minaral Spirits ccc 31 57% - Soya Mineral Spirits ccc 35 53% - Soya Mineral Spirits 1 cc 35 52% - Soya VM S P Naphtha 1 c c 35 52% - Soya/Fish Mineral Spirits ccc 35 52% - Ch. Wo. Minaral Spirits Ccc 35 52% - Linsaad Minaral Spirits ccc 42 41% - Soya Xylol cc 1 42 41% - Linsaad H. F. Naphtha 1c1 42 36% - Cottonseed Xylo But. 1 cc 44 34% - Soya Xylol ccc 20 50% - Lin/Fish Minaral Spirits C1c 27 28% - Linsaad H. F. Naphtha ccc IS 52% - Lin Ch. Wo. Toluol ccc 40 41%-Soya Xylol cc 1 37 52% - Cottonseed Xylol ccc -- - 111 -- - 111 - Semi-oxidising Xylol ccc 24 Soya Minaral Spirits Cc 1 24 Soya Minaral Spirits cc 1 (abova materials suppliad by Reichhold Chemical Co.) 32 42 Present 43 47 50% - Castor 37% - Cottonseed - Castor 33% - Coconut 33% - Coconut Xylene Xylene Xylene Xylene Xylene ccc ccc ccc ccc cc 1 (above materials supplied by Rohm & Haas Co.) Pigmentation: FPC 470 is reactive with basic pigments, however high purity red lead can be used if handled judiciously. The following list illustrates typical FPC 470 pigment compatibility. PIGMENT TYPE Titanium dioxide____ Zinc........................... Lead......................... Lead chromate ....... Talc........................... Silica......................... Mica......................... Clay ........................... Asbestos.................. Calcium carbonate .., Carbon black........... Iron oxide (pure)-----Cadmium.................. Mercadmium ........... Toluidene ................ Phthalocyanine green Phthalocyanine blue. Iron blue.................. Molybdate................ Benzidine ................ Strontium chromate . Chromium phosphate Iron phosphate ....... FPC 470 COMPATIBILITY ........................ Compatible ..............................Reactive ..............................Reactive .......................... Borderline ........................ Compatible ........................ Compatible ........................ Compatible ........................ Compatible ..............................Reactive .......................... Borderline ........................ Compatible ........................ Compatible ........................ Compatible ........................ Compatible ........................ Compatible .......................... Borderline .......................... Borderline ........................ Compatible ........................ Compatible ..............................Reactive ........................ Compatible ........................ Compatible ........................ Compatible FPC 470 has adhesion for metals and many other surfaces. This adhesion characteristic is obtained through the acidic nature of the resin. The acidic condition of the resin reduces the compatibility with many pigments, especially those made with basic metals, such as zinc, lead, etc. Some apparently in ert pigments contain small amounts of impurities which are basic, thus causing reactivity with FPC 470. Phthalocyanine blue is an example. This means that only the purest type pigments should be used, in some cases, the same type pigment obtained from different suppliers will show varying reactivities due to different impurity concentrations. Where a specific reactive color pigment must be used, the reactivity can be reduced drastically with the addition of malic, malonic or n-butyl phosphoric acids. Small amounts of reactive impurities in a color pigment can be neutralized with these acids and thus reduce the viscosities of the formulation. The acid must be dissolved In an appropriate solvent, such as methyl ethyl ketone, Cellosolve, etc. The acid solution can then be added to the FPC 470 solu tion, even before the pigments are present. The acid should be in a concentration of 2 pph (based on the reactive impurities or the reactive pigment). ucc 040160 VISCOSITY STABILITY OF FPC 470 WITH ALUMINUM PIGMENTS We have evaluated the shelf aging characteristics of various FPC 470/&luminum pigmented solutions at elevated and room temperatures. The solutions were prepared in a formulation as indicated in Table I. Storage was in metal cans. Accelerated aging characteristics were studied at 60 C in 4 oz. jars. These data are presented also in Table I. The shear rate under consideration is 30 rpm on the Brookfield Viscometer, LVF Model (#2 Spindle). ^ TABLE I FPC 470 MIBK Toluene Propylene Oxide Di Phenyl Guanidine Alcoa 209 Alcoa HF-905 Alcoa 1571 Alcoa 1593 Initial 30 rpm visc.-cps 25 25 25 25 49 49 11 0.2 0.2 20 20 138 126 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 49 49 49 49 111 1 0.1 0.2 0.5 1 10 10 10 15 84 104 228 292 ROOM TEMPERATURE SHELF AGING - METAL CANS Vise.- 3mos.-cps. 6 mos.-cps. 9 mos.-cps. 12 mos.-cps. 116 110 98 148 Gelled Gelled 122 112 110 196 156 138 136 302 156 140 144 474 ACCELERATED AGING VISCOSITY, 60 C,, 4 OZ. GLASS JARS Visc.-I wk.-cps. 2 wks.-cps. 3 wks.-cps. 108 124 100 180 940 Gel Gel Gel Gel 25 25 49 1 0.5 10 140 414 840 3400 Gelled 25 25 49 1 1 10 210 258 396 Gelled Drier*: Driers, being basic metals, are often subject to reactivity with the carboxyl acid of FPC 470. Alkyds con taining driers should be observed carefully to be sure the apparent incompatibility is not due to the drier instead of the alkyd. Exkin #2 (Nuodex Co.) has been found effective in controlling drier reactivity. Additional information is available on request. FILM PROPERTIES Transparent Air drying-thermoplastic Adhesion to metal Adhesion to porous substrates Adhesion to alkyd surfaces Chemical resistant Heat and light stable Abrasion resistant Weather resistant Adhesion: FPC 470 coatings have good adhesion to metal, vinyl and alkyd type surfaces. This allows FPC 470 to be used as a top coat over old paint surfaces, vinyl compounds such as floor coverings, "wash primer," and conventional alkyd type primers. A proper sol vent balance will eliminate "lifting" of the alkyd sub strate, thus permitting formulation of a variety of protective coatings for the maintenance and in dustrial field. Stability: FPC 470 coatings show a distinct improvement in weatherability over conventional vinyl chloride solu tion resins. Exterior coatings should be pigmented for optimum results. FPC 470 coatings are transparent even though the solution may be slightly cloudy or amber in some solvents. Films of FPC 470 show only slight yellowing on glass at 180C. for 1 hour in a forced air oven. All vinyl chloride polymers are subject to the catalytic action of iron which promotes resin degradation. One very effective stabiliztion system which can be used to control catalytic degradation includes 10 pph epoxy type plasticizer and 1 pph liquid tin. The epoxy cannot be used alone (see "Compatibility"). A wash primer base coat forms an excellent in sulating barrier between steel and FPC 470 coatings. FPC 470 has excellent adhesion to wash primer. <A ucc 040161 Chemical Resistance: The chemical resistance of FPC 470 is typical of polyvinyl chloride solution resins; however, being acidic in nature, this resin exhibits caustic reactivity. For chemical resistance, a top coat of FPC 471 or FPC 450 should be used. An example of a multi-resin solution resin coating system is shown below. This coating system is a "Heavy Duty" air drying type. This system has been in service in the Firestone Plastics Company's Pottstown Plant in air conditioning units for over five years. These units have large metal pans which con tain constantly circulating water. The coating system must be 5 mils (minimum) thick. The durability will be increased in direct proportion to the increased thickness. The following formulations show basic solution resin systems, Pigmentation, plasticization and stabiliza tion have not been included, due to the many variations required by specific applications. TOP COAT Parts by Weight FPC 450 .....................................................18 Toluene.......................................................25 MEK............................................................ 57 This higher viscosity coating must be applied by spray (pressure)over the following "Inter mediate/Prime Coat" system. Thickness of 5 to 50 mils can be obtained to meet the specific exposure conditions. Adequate air drying must be allowed, es pecially in thecase of thick coats. Pigments, plasticizers and stabilizers must be selected for the specific exposure conditions. INTERMEDIATE COAT Parts by Weight FPC 450 Top coat (above)..................... 85 Prime Coat (below) ............................... 100 FPC 470 and FPC 450 coatings are blended to in crease the solvent resistance and allow the applica tion of the top coat. Where only minimum adhesion is required, this intermediate coat may be used as the prime coat. PRIME COAT Parts by Weight FPC 470 .....................................................25 MIBK .......................................................... 25 Xylene .........................................................49 Propylene Oxide...........................................1 This system will find its best applications where the most important requirements are: Weathering Continuous water immersion Chemical immersions Fume exposures Excessive abrasion resistance Flexibility to resist cracking and tearing under vibra tion and bending. it should be remembered that in some cases a coating will transmit a gas which has a corrosive effect on the metal substrate, while having no effect on the coating itself. This phenomenon is dependent on gas transmission and should not be interpreted as a coating failure. EVALUATION FORMULATION The following solution can be made quickly and used "as is," or as a base to which pigments, plasticizers etc. may be added, it is used as one of our quality control solutions for FPC 470. Parts by Weight FPC 470 ..................................................... 25 MIBK .......................................................... 25 Aromatic (Toluene or Xylene).................. 49 Propylene Oxide..........................................1 FPC 470 coatings will adhere to most surfaces such as metal, wood and even old paint. Conventional top coat type pigments can be used in the primer with good results. Strontium Chromate is the nly "basic" primer pigment which can be used with "acidic" FPC 470, if reactivity is to be avoided. MOISTURE VAPOR TRANSMISSION vs. TIME ucc 040162 NON WARRANTY. The information presented In this publication Is baaed upon the research and experience of firestone and is to the best of its knowledge accurate; however, no guarantee of its accuracy is made. Since Firestone has no control over the conditions under which its products may be employed; and since information as to the physiological and other properties of Its products is incomplete. Firestone cannot guarantee the results obtained and assumes no liability whatsoever for possible damage or ln|ury whether or not caused by follow ing the suggestions in this brochure. Firestone will not be liable for resulting or consequential damage. Firestone warrants that none of its commercial products infringes the claims of any United States patent but no license is granted nor recommendation made hereby to prac tice any invention covered by any patent owned by Firestone or by others. IJCC 040163