Document J3O7k5X2NvvG5M3rKkoYbmw0K

Information Document accompanying The Call for evidence supporting an analysis of restriction options for the PFAS group of substances (fluorinated substance(s)) I. Introduction The federal authorities of several member states, namely the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Sweden and Norway are planning to prepare an analysis of restriction options for the group of fluorinated substances subject to the description below (as defined under II.) since all these substances are considered to be persistent (see under III.) constituting an unacceptable risk to the environment and human health. This call for evidence is intended to generate further information for the evaluation of the most appropriate restriction measures, as well as the scope in terms of substance identity, uses and conditions for restriction option(s) to be taken forward in the development of an Annex XV Dossier. II. Proposal for the definition of fluorinated substances considered to be in scope of restriction All fluorinated substances that contain 1 or more C atoms on which all the H substituents have been replaced by F atoms, in such a manner that they contain at least one aliphatic perfluorocarbon moiety such as -CnF2n- are considered to be proposed to be in the scope of a restriction proposal. In consequence, following fluorinated substance groups below would be included. The substance groups listed are a non-exhaustive list of substance groups that would be covered by a restriction proposal. Further, Table 1 gives a non-exhaustive list of examples for these substance groups. Non-exhaustive list of substance groups: Perfluoroalkyl substances Aliphatic substances for which all of the H atoms attached to C-Atoms in the non-fluorinated substance (from which they are notionally derived) have been replaced by F atoms: 1. Linear and branched perfluorinated alkanes CnF2n+2, n1 2. Perfluorinated cycloalkanes, CnF2n, n1 3. Linear and branched aliphatic perfluorinated substances, CnF2n+1-R, R-CnF2n-R', n1, non-exhaustive list: R, R' = -COOH, -COOR, -SO3H, -PO3H2, -SO2H2, SO2-R''; including side-chain fluorinated polymers 4. Perfluorinated cyclic aliphatic substances, CnF2n-1-R, R-CnF2n-2-R', n1 non exhaustive list: R, R'= -COOH, -COOR, -SO3H, -PO3H2, -SO2H2, SO2-R''; including side-chain fluorinated polymers 5. Linear and branched, (un)saturated aliphatic perfluorinated ethers, R-CnF2n-O-CmF2m-R', R, R': non exhaustive list: R, R'= -COOH, -COOR, -SO3H, -PO3H2, -SO2H2, SO2-R''; including side-chain and backbone fluorinated polymers and polymers with a -CnF2nO-CmF2m- backbone, n, m, 1 6. Perfluorinated alkyl amines, N(CnF2n+1)(CmF2m+1)(CxF2x+1), n, m, x 1 Polyfluoroalkyl substances Substances containing at least one aliphatic group for which all H atoms attached to at least one (but not all) C atoms have been replaced by F atoms -C2F2n-. 7. Linear and branched, cyclic, saturated and unsaturated aliphatic polyfluorinated substances, R-CnF2n-R', n 1 R-CnF2n-xHx-R', n, x 1 CnF2n+1-CmH2m+1, CnF2n+1-CmH2m-1, CnF2n+1-C2H4-R (n:2 fluorotelomer derv.), C2F2n+1-CH2-R (n:1 fluorotelomer derv.), including side-chain polymers, n, m 1 R, R' = -H, -Alkyl; 8. Linear and branched, (un)saturated aliphatic polyfluorinated ethers, R-CnF2n-xHx-O-C2F2m-yHy-R', x, y 0, n, m, 1 R, R': any group, including H, CnH2n 9. Hydrofluoroethers R-CnF2n-O-CmH2m-R', n, m 1, R, R': any group; including side-chain fluorinated polymers 10. Side-chain per-fluorinated aromatics, CnN2n+1-(aromatic rings(s)) 11. Fluoroalkenes, -CF=CF12. Fluoropolymers with a poly or perfluorinated backbone Table 1. Non-exhaustive list of examples for substance groups Groups Perfluoroalkylcarboxylic acids Perfluoroalkyl dicarboxylic acids Polyfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids Acronym PFCAs PFdiCAs (?) PFCAs (?) Structural Traits CnF2n+1-COOH, CnF2n-1-COOH (cyclic isomers) HOOC-CnF2n-COOH, HOOC-CnF2n-2-COOH (cyclic isomers) e.g., H-CnF2n-COOH, Cl- CnF2n-COOH, H-(CF2CH2)n-COOH Examples PFBA, PFHxA, PFOA CAS No. 336-08-3 Per- and polyfluoroether carboxylic acids Perfluoroalkanesulfonic acids Perfluoroalkane disulfonic acids Perfluoroalkane sulfinic acids Per- and polyfluoroether sulfonic acids PFECAs PFSAs PFdiSAs (?) PFSiAs PFESAs Perfluoroalkyl phosphonic acids Perfluoroalkyl phosphinic acids PFPAs PFPiAs Perfluoroalkanes (or perfluorocarbons)* Perfluoroalkyl ethers Perfluoroalkylamines Certain hydrofluorocarbons* Semi-fluorinated alkanes Certain hydrofluoroethers* Certain hydrofluoroolefins* Perfluoroalkanoyl fluoride (PACF)derivatives PFCs PFEs (?) PFAs (?) HFCs SFAs HFEs HFOs Perfluoroalkane sulfonyl fluoride (PASF)-derivatives n:2 fluorotelomer derivatives n:2 FTXYZs n:1 fluorotelomer derivatives (?) Per- and polyfluoroalkyletherbased substances Perfluoroalkenes and derivatives Side-chain fluorinated aromatics Fluoropolymers -CnF2n-O-CmF2m-; -COOH ADONA, etc. CnF2n+1-SO3H, CnF2n-1-SO3H (cyclic isomers) HO3S-CnF2n-SO3H, HO3S-CnF2n-2-COOH (cyclic isomers) CnF2n+1-SO2H -CnF2n-O-CmF2m-; -SO3H (CnF2n+1)-P(=O)(OH)2 (CnF2n+1)-P(=O)(OH) - (CmF2m+1) CnF2n+2, CnF2n (cyclic isomers) -CnF2n-O-CmF2m- N(CnF2n+1)(CmF2m+1)(CxF2x+1) e.g., CnF2n+1-CH3, CnF2n-1-CH3 CnF2n+1-CmH2m+1, m 2 CnF2n+1-O-CmH2m+1 e.g., CnF2n+1-CmH2m-1 CnF2n+1-C(O)-R, incl. nonpolymers and side-chain fluorinated polymers CnF2n+1-SO2-R, incl. nonpolymers and side-chain fluorinated polymers CnF2n+1-CH2CH2-R, incl. nonpolymers and side-chain fluorinated polymers CnF2n+1-CH2-R, incl. nonpolymers and side-chain fluorinated polymers -CnF2n-O-CmF2m-; incl. nonpolymers and side-chain fluorinated polymers -CF=CF-; incl. non-polymers and sidechain fluorinated polymers CnF2n+1-aromatic ring(s) Polymer backbone is fluorinated PFBS, PFHxS, PFOS PFECHS CAS No. 68555-66-8 F-53B (Cl- C6F12OC2F4)-SO3H; CF2=CF-O- CF2CF(CF3)-O-C2F4- SO3H CAS No. 52299-24-8 CAS No. 52299-25-9 CAS No. 355-04-4; 335-27-3 CAS No. 358-21-4 CAS No. 338-83-0 CAS No. 15290-77-4 CAS No. 297730-93-9 CAS No. 1547-26-8 CAS No. 685-63-2, 559-40-0 CAS No. 70829-87-7; 68877-51-0 CAS No. 89790-02-9 Homopolymers (here are the monomers): E.g., PTFE: CF2=CF2; PVDF: CF2=CH2; Perfluoropolyethers PFPEs Polymer backbone has - CnF2n-O-CmF2m- PCTFE: CF2=CFCl; Co-polymers (here are the monomers): E.g., PFA: CF2=CF2 + CF2=CF-O-CnF2n+1; FEP: CF2=CF2 + CF2=CF-CF3; ETFE: CF2=CF2 + CH2=CH2; THV: CF2=CF2 + CF2=CF-CF3 + CF2=CH2 III. Considerations related to persistency All fluorinated substances subject to the description above (as defined under II.) are considered to be persistent. ..... IV.