Document J38rG90kx1Z63XbzLX5V20KjZ
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CHAPTER 18
1957 Guide
Table 4. Unit Fuel Consumption Constants (U) fob Gas* Based on 0 F Outside Temperature, 70 F Inside Temperature
Hot Water
Heating Value op
Gab Btu per
Cu Ft
Cu Ft'Gas per Degree-Day per Sq Ft EDR
Up to
500 Sq Ft
500 to
1200 Sq Ft
Over 1200
Sq Ft
500 -535
800
1000
0.149 0.139 0.094 0.075
0.142 0.132 0.087 0.071
0.134 0.126 0.085 0.068
Steam
Warm Air
Cu Ft Gas per Degree-Day per 8q Ft EDR
Cu Ft Gas per Degree-
Day per 1000 Btu Hourly Design Heat Loss
Up to
300 Sq Ft
300 to 700
Sq Ft
Over
700 Sq Ft
Gravity
Fan
Systems
0.254 0.237 0.159 0.127
0.242 0.226 0.151
0.121
0.231 0.216 0.144
0.116
0.896 0.840 0.560 0.449
0.861 0.805 0.538 0.431
1 Therm
Gas Consumption in Therms per Degree-Day
100,000
Btu 0.000743 0.000709 0.000675 0.00127 0.00121 0.00116 0.00450 0.00430
* Abstracted from Comfort Heating, American Gas Association, 1938 and 5 percent added for operation without night reduction of temperature.
heating plants. They are based on an inside design temperature of 70 F and an outside design temperature of 0 F, and apply only to these condi tions. For other outside design conditions corrections must be made by applying factors given in Table 3.
The factors in Table 4, as corrected if necessary, are satisfactory for regions having 3500 to 6500 degree-days per heating season. In regions with less than 3500 degree-days the unit gas consumption is higher than given; where over 6500, the unit is less than given. Ten percent addition or deduction in these cases is recommended by A.G.A. publications. This table cannot be used for making estimates for industrial buildings where low inside temperatures are maintained.
For gas heat values other than those given in Table 4, simply interpolate or extrapolate. It will also be noted that Table 4 applies only to small installations. In general, the larger the installation, the smaller the unit gas consumption becomes, and the values in the table should be used with care, if at all, in large gas-burning installations.
Example i: Estimate the gas required to heat a building located in Chicago, HI., where the heating season has 6310 degree-days and the gas heating value is 800 Btu per cu ft. The calculated heating requirements are 1000 sq ft of hot water radiation based on design temperature of --10 F and 70 F.
Table 5. Unit Fuel Consumption* Constants (U) fob Oil1* Based, on 0 F Outside Temperature, 70 F Inside Temperature
Unit
Gal Oil per Sq Ft Steam Radiator.............................
Efpicxsnct in Percent
70 80
0.00105
0.00092
Gal Oil per Sq Ft Hot Water Radiator..................... 0.00066
0.00058
Gal Oil per 1000 Btu per Hour Heat Loss................ .0.00437
0.00383
a Based on a heating value of 141,000 Btu per gallon.
D Abstracted by permission from Degree-Day Handbook (Second Edition, 1937), by C. Strock and
B. Hotchkiss. Seven percent added for operation without night reduction of temperature and change
beating value of 141,000 Btu per gallon.
c Per degree day.
Estimating Fuel Consumption for Space Heating
469
Solution: From Table 4, the fuel consumption for a design temperature of 0 F with 800 Btu gas is found to be 0.087 cu ft of gas per (degree-day) (square.foot of hot water radiation). From Table 3, the correction factor is 0.875 for --10 F outside design temperature, hence, 0.875 X 0.087 = 0.076. By Equation 4,
F .= 0.076 X 1000 X 6310 = 480,000 cu ft. .
Estimating Oil Consumption
Table 5 gives unit fuel consumption factors for oil, similar to thoue given for gas in Table 4.
The factors in Table 5 apply only to an inside design temperature <jf 70 F and an outside design temperature of 0 F. For other outside design temperatures, the constants in Table 5 must be multiplied by the values in Table 3 as explained under Estimating Gas Consumption.
Values given in Table 5 assume the use of oil with a heating value of 141,000 Btu per gallon. For other heating values, multiply the values in Table 5 by the ratio of 141,000 divided by the heating value per gallon of fuel being used.
Example 6: Estimate the seasonal oil consumption of a boiler, designed for oil firing, in a building located in Toledo, Ohio. The building has a calculated heat loss of 240,000 Btu per hr. The oil heat value is 144,000 Btu per gal, and the assumed seasonal efficiency is 80. The outside design temperature for Toledo is --10 F, and the inside design temperature is 70 F.
Solution: From Table 5, under 80 percent efficiency and in the bottom line, the value of U is found to be 0.00383 gal per 1000 Btu hourly heat loss for 0 F outside temperature. The correction factor for --10 F outside design temperature from Table 3 is 0.875. Solving 0.875 X 0.00383 = 0.00335. Making a further cor rection for the heating value,
141000 0.00335 X j^'qqq = day. '
per 1000 Btu per hr calculated heat loss per degree-
Prom Table 2, the total normal degree-days for Toledo are 6394. Since U is expressed in 1000 Btu, N is equal to 240. Substituting in Equation 4
F = 0.00328 X 6394 X 240 = 5030 gal.
Estimating Coal or Coke Consumption
Coal or coke consumption estimates are made by following exactly the same procedure as for oil. Values of U are given in Table 6 which only aPply to an inside design temperature of 70 F and an outside design tem perature of O F. A correction must .be made for other conditions by use of the multiplying factors in Table 3. Data in Table 6 are based on 12,000
Table 6. Unit'Fuel Consumption* Constants (f/) fob Coal*
Based on 0 F Outside Temperature, 70 F Inside Temperature'
--__
Unit0
40
ijb Coal per Sq Ft Steam Radiator.... 0.0216
bb Coal per Sq Ft Hot Water Radiator.. 0.0135
^ Lws^ *3er
Btu per Hour Heat 0.0889
Epftcienct in Percent
50 60 70
0.0172 0.0143 0.0123 0.0108 0.0091 0i0078
80
0.0108 0.0068
b *j
value of 12,000 Btu per pound.
B. H0tchtied^y.permiasion from Degree-hay Handbook (Second Edition, 1937), by C. Strock and C. H.
*Perd^' day PTM11* added for operation without night reduction of temperature.