Document Gzr0bg08Kvx6Gdj013DzR7b6q

TRANSA CTIONS 32nd NATIONAL SAFETY CONGRESS /oi- ( ,5- General Subject and A Industrial Sessions CHICAGO October 5-7, 1943 National Safety Council, Inc. 20 North Wacker Drive, Chicago 6 Copyright, 1943, National Safety Council, Inc. Printed In U.S.A. I*1 VOLUME I rPHE Transactions of the 32nd National Safety Congress *- and Exposition of the National Safety Council are pub lished in two volumes. Volume I contains the General Sub ject and Industrial Section sessions. Volume II contains the Public Safety, Child Education, Home Safety and Farm Safety sessions. Volume I is distributed to all members of the Council. Volume II is sent to those members who are believed to be interested chiefly in the sessions it contains. The Transactions are a record of the proceedings of the Congress, condensed and edited for reference purposes. They are therefore an abridged version of the papers and discussions. The original manuscripts, some of which have drawings and charts too expensive to reproduce here, are available in the files of the National Safety Council. The National Safety Council, at its Congresses, seeks to eliminate from discussion matters which are not pertinent to the aims of the Congress, or which may be contrary to the Council's policies. However, it cannot accept responsibility for all views expressed, either in the discussions of the Congress itself or in this record of them. t . Extra copies of Volume I Hiay be obtained by Conned members at the following rates: 1 to 10 copies at $2.00 each; 11 or more copies at $1.75 each. Extra copj/a'**f''Volume II are 75 cents each. THE NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL. INC. 20 North Wacker Drive Chicago, Illinois [contents U 'J2872 IVolume 1 Council Officers...................................................................... iv Safety Takes the Offensive.....................................................vii Using the Transactions......................................................... ix Annual Meeting of Members.................................................. 1 Congress Banquet ................................................................ 19 Subject Sessions: Accident Facts................................................................ 25 Army Session.................................................................. 41 Employee Transportation Problems of Industry......... 57 Government Safety Services to Industry...................... 67 Industrial Health ........................................................... 87 J Industrial Nursing........................................................... 95 Labor and Safety............................................................109 Occupational Disease .................................................... 125 Off-the-Job Accidents .................................................... 137 Package Training for Safety iQ (Early Morning Classes) ........................................... 147 Safety Training ............................................................. 163 Seeing for Safety............................................................175 War Conservation of Personal Protective Equipment.................................................189 Wartime Fire Protection...............................................201 What Makes a Safety Man?........................................... 213 Women in War Industry...............................................225 Industrial Section Meetings: O Aircraft Manufacturing Section....................................237 Air Transport Section.................................................... 251 ASSE--Engineering Section ......................................... 265 Automotive and Machine Shop Section.........................273 -0 Cement & Quarry Section...............................................303 Chemical Section ............................................................321 Coal Mining Section ...................................................... 345 Construction Section ...................................................... 347 Food Section ...................................................................363 Marine Section ............................................................... 383 Meat Packing, Tanning and Leather Industries Section........................................................407 Metals Section.................................................................421 Mining Section ............................................................... 447 Paper and Pulp Section.................................................. 487 Petroleum Section ..........................................................515 Power Press Section...................................................... 547 Public Utilities Section.................................................. 559 Refrigeration Section...................................................... 581 Rubber Section............................................................... 595 Steam Rail Road Section...............................................615 Textile Section ............................................................... 657 Wood Products Section................................................ 675 Exposition Exhibitors........................................................... 691 Index ............................................................................. 695 National Safety Council, Inc. 4 HE EXECUTIVE Members ' ' Honorary Members Association or Iron and Steel Engineers W. H. Cameron . Robert W. Campbell Lew R. Palmer . Officers (1942-1943) Col. John Stilwell, President I. W. Millard, Vice-President for Finance and Treasurer G. T. Hellmutii, Asst. Vice-President for Finance and Asst. T reasurer. B. B. McCulloch, Assistant Treasurer Walter S. Paine, Vice-President for Industrial Safety Lew R. Palmer, Vice-President for Transportation A. V. Rohweder, Vice-President for Home and Farm Safety Judge Lee E. Skeel, Vice-President for Community Councils R. T. Solensten, Vice-President for Membership Leslie J. Sorenson, Vice-President for Public Safety Dr. Lewis A. Wilson, Vice-President for Education Ned H. Dearborn, Executive Vice-President, Managing Director and Secretary R. L. Fornev, Assistant Secretary Officers (1943-1944) Col. John Stilwell, President I. W. Millard, Vice-President for Finance and Treasurer G. H. Hellmutii, Assistant Treasurer B. B. McCulloch, Assistant Treasurer Harold L. Miner, Vice-President for Home and Farm Walter S. Paine, Vice-President for Industry Judge Lee E. Skeel, Vice-President for Local Safety Organizations R. T. Sorenson, Vice-President for Membership Dr. T. H. Heald, Vice-President for Schools and Colleges Leslie J. Sorenson, Vice-President for Traffic I.ew R. Palmer, Vice-President for Transportation Ned H. Dearborn, Executive Vice-President R. L. Forney, Secretary Donald B. Armstrong, M.D., Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., New York City, J. I. Banasii, Consulting Engineer, Chicago, 111. Wallace N. Barker, Pullman-Standard Car Manufacturing Co., Chicago, 111. Folke Beckf.r, Rhinelander Paper Co., Rhinelander, Wis. L. J. Benson, Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad, Chicago, III. C. W. Bergquist, Hinsdale, III. A. J. R. Curtis, Portland Cement Association, Chicago, 111. Ned H. Dearborn, National Safety Council, Inc., Chicago, 111. R. E. Donovan, Standard Oil Co. of California, San Francisco, Calif. James L. Fieskr, American Red Cross, Washington, D. C. Julien H. Harvf.y, National Conservation Bureau, New York City. T. Lyle Hazlett, M.D., Westinghousc Electric & Manufacturing Co., East Pittsburgh, Pa. H. T. Heald, Ph.D., Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, 111. W. A Jarvis, Chase Brass & Copper Co. Inc., Waterbury, Conn. W. Dean Keefer, Lumbermens Mutual Casualty Co., Chicago, 111. John E. Long, The Delaware & Hudson Railroad Corp., Albany, N. Y. J. Willard Lord, Atlantic Refining Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Thos. H. MacDonald, Public Roads Administration, Washington, D. C. I. W. Millard, Industrial Gloves Co. Danville, 111. Harold L. Miner, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del. John J. Nash, Office of Secretary of State, Springfield, 111. Eliot Nf.ss, Federal Security Agency, Washington, D. C. Walter S. Paine, Aetna Life & Affiliated Companies, Hartford, Conn. C. E. Pettibone, American Mutual Liability Insurance Co., Boston, Mass. v IV BOARD (1943-1944) At Large R. J. Reigeluth, New Haven Trap Rock Co. New Haven, Conn. Coi.. Henry A. Reninger, 3rd Civilian Defense Region, Baltimore. Md. A. V. Rohwf.df.r, Duluth, Missalie Sr Iron Range Railway Co., Duluth, Minn. Judge Lee E. Skeel, Appellate Court, Cleveland, Ohio. Theodore F. Smith, Oliver Iron & Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. R. T. Soi.fnsten, Elliott Service Co., New York City. Leslie J. Sorenson, City Traffic Engineer, Chicago, 111. Col. A. A. Sprague, Chicago Rapid Transit Co., Chicago, 111. Col. John Stilwell, Consolidated Edison Co. of New York, Inc., New York City. C. H. Watson, M.D., Brookfield Center, Conn. William B. Way, Radio Station KVOO, Tulsa, Okla. V. A. Zimmer, U. S. Department of Labor, Washington, D. C. (Representatives of the Conference of Local Safety Organizations) George M. Burns, Kansas City Safety Council, Kansas City, Mo. G. A. Heuser, Henry Vogt Machine Co., Louisville, Ky. L. E. MacBrayne, Massachusetts Safety Council, Boston, Mass. Russell E. Pf.rkey, Studebaker Corp., South Bend, Ind. Fred M. Rosseland, Newark Safety Council, Newark, N. J. Henry G. Schaffner, Schaffner Brothers Co., Erie, Pa Carl L. Smith, Greater Cleveland Safety Council, Cleveland, Ohio. (Representatives of the Conference of Sections) W. F. Brown, Consolidated Edison Co. of New York, Inc., New York City. D. C. Duncan, Appalachian ElectHc Power Co., Bluefield, W. Va. R. H. Ferguson, Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio. W. A. Hazard, Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa. Wills MacLaciii.an, Electrical Employers Association, Toronto, Ont., Canada. Lt. Col. R. C. Stratton, Safety & Security Branch, Chicago, III. C. E. Wooi.iever, General Motors Corp., Melrose Park, III. Safety Takes The 1943 National Safety Congress--the second in World War II--was a larger and more significant gathering than any cers were honored at the Congress Banquet. of the preceding thirty-one Congresses. It To the 1943 Congress also came men was the culmination of a year's activity in and women in non-industrial fields, to find all fields of safety that exceeded the out what their organizations could do to achievements of any previous twelve help meet the nation's accident problem. months. The attendance of these people reflected The year's achievements and the suc what had been going on throughout the cess of the Congress were possible only year--a carefully planned program of through the increased safety activities of securing the interest and cooperation of scores of organizations and the new in every organization in a position to influ terest thus aroused among thousands of ence its members in accident prevention. individual citizens. In the words of Presi dent John Stilweli of the National Safety Council, when he welcomed delegates to the Congress, the nation generally had This attendance was a most favorable sign. It reflected the National Safety Council's policy that safety can succeed only by the cooperation of everyone--that come to realize that accident prevention is no one organization can do the safety job "more than a great humanitarian obliga alone. tion and an important aspect of good busi ness; it is an indispensable means to lurvival." The Council's program during the year reflected expansion in many directions, three of which are outstanding; First, the The identification of the safety move- establishment of regional offices in New nent with the war program is well York, Chicago, and San Francisco; sec lemonstrated in the successive slogans of ond, closer cooperation with chartered :he last three Congresses: 1941--Safety community safety councils; third, a defi 'or Defense; 1942--Save Manpower for nite policy of encouraging every organiza iVarpower; 1943--Stop Accidents--Speed (ictory. tion to its own safety job. Two structural changes in the Council Congress delegates in every field of during the year were of considerable im afety came to the 1943 convention to portance; the staff reorganization of June, earn how accidents could be stopped and 1943, and the adoption of a new Consti ictory achieved sooner. They came from tution and By-Laws at the 1943 Congress. he Armed Forces, from war plants in very section of the country, from public gencies charged with traffic and indusriat safety responsibilities, and from many The staff reorganization provided, under the supervision of the Executive Vice President, for a General Manager, a Gen ther types of organizations. Men from the Armed Forces could be tund in numbers at practically every sesW A special Army Session brought eral Secretary, Department Managers, and Division and Regional Directors. Five major staff departments were created: Program, Public Information, Sales, Serv ice, Field Organization. pgether hundreds of Army men having lirect or supervisory responsibility for In replacing the old By-Laws of the ifety. Top-ranking Army and Navy offi Council, the members voted at the Annual Meeting to adopt a Constitution, dealing VI VI l Aircraft Manufacturing Section Officers 1942-1943 General Chairman--R. B. Carter, Consolidated Vultee Aircraft Corp., San Diego, Calif. Vice-Chairman in Charge of Program--William H. Rhodes, Douglas Aircraft Co., Inc., 1 Santa Monica, Calif. Secretary and News Letter Editor--A. A. Hendrix, Eastern Aircraft Div., General Motors Corp., Linden, N. J. Membership Committee Chairman--A. D. Caddell, Curtiss-Wright Corp., Columbus, Ohio. Officers 1943-19441 General Chairman--R. B. Carter, Consolidated Vultee Aircraft Corp., San Diego, Calif. Vice-Chairman in Charge of Program--William S. Rhodes, Douglas Aircraft Co., Inc, Santa Monica,*CaIif. Secretary and News Letter Editor--A. A. Hendrix, Eastern Aircraft Div, General Motors Corp, Linden, N. J. hfineering Committee Chairman--Raymond L. Woods, Fisher-Memphis Aircraft Div, General Motors Corp, Memphis, Tenn. Membership Committee Chairman---A. D. Caddf.ll, Curtiss-Wright Corp, Columbus, Ohio hblicity Committee Chairman--James A. Pigue, Consolidated Vultee Aircraft Corp, Nashrile Tenn. ics Committee Chairman--I. Edward Martin, Brewster Aeronautical Corp, Long Hand City 1, N. Y. Acted by the delegates in Congress session 237 Air Transport Section Officers 1942-1943 General Chairman--Jerome Lederer, Airlines War Training Institute, New York, N. Y. News Letter Editor--F. J. Hoyt, American Airlines, Inc., New York, N. Y. Statistics Committee Chairman--Jack C. Curtis, United Air Lines Transport Corp., Chi cago, 111. Engineering Committee Chairman--R. G. Bloomer, Transcontinental & Western Air, Inc., Kansas City, Mo. Program Committee Chairman--Richard O. Jacobson, Pan American Airways, New York, N. Y. Officers 1943-19441 Honorary Chairman--Major R. W. Schroeder, Glenview, 111. General Chairman--Jerome Lederer, Larchmont, N. Y. Fite-Chairman--R. G. Bloomer, Transcontinental and Western Airlines, Inc., Kansas City, Mo. Secretary--Jack C. Curtis, United Air Lines Transport Corp., Chicago ,111. lews Letter Editor--R. P. Russell, Northwest Airlines, St. Paul, Minn. daociote Editor--J. H. Mathewson, U. S. Army Air Forces, Washington, D. C. -eering Committee--Walter T. Johnson (Chairman), American Airlines, Inc., New ork, N. Y. G. F. Tyler, Atlantic Div., Pan American Airways, New York, N. Y. Ik Committee--Lt. Col. R. D. Mudd, M.D., (Chairman), San Antonio Air Service Command, Kelly Field, Texas Hodces McKniciit, M.D., American Airlines, Inc., New York, N. Y. Cou A. D. Tuttle, M.D., United Air Lines, Chicago, 111. . 'Committee--R. O. Jacobson (Chairman), Pan American Airways, New York, N. Y. Jttwre Lederer, Larchmont, N. Y. Committee--Jack C. Curtis, (Chairman), United Air Lines Transport Co., o, III. I. G. Bloomer, Transcontinental and Western Airlines, Inc.., Kansas City Mo. Sigmund, U.S.A.A.F., Patterson Field, Fairfield, Ohio h tlw delegate* In Congreu session 251 264 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 I crease in absenteeism from sickness. We found the lost man-days decreased from 5.4 before the visitinff nurse was em ployed to 4.1 in the comparable months. Reginning April 1, 1942, thru March, 1943, ' was the first year the visiting nurse func tioned. The percentage of decrease is twenty-five per cent. The annual reduc tion of lost man-days, based on 3,250 average employees as of March, 1943, is 4.225. These figures are given in table form. This improvement was sufficient to make the departments most vitally con cerned, especially General Maintenance, very enthusiastic about the service. Incidentally, as a by-product of the original objective, which was primarily to help relieve the manpower shortage, we found that the money saved by the com pany was sufficient to pay for all of the expenses of the visiting nurse, including the use of the automobile. This improvement is even more signifi cant if we take into consideration the fact that before the institution of the visiting nurse our absenteeism rate from reported sickness was not excessive as compared with concurrent figures available apply ing to the nation at large. Also, new employees were being added rapidly, and they included a large per centage of inexperienced people new to the company, some rejected by the armed forces, and also an increasing number of women who had never worked in the shops before. The general experience has been that women in the shops lose more time than men. The visiting nurse service, in our ex perience and as outlined, has been very much worthwhile. AMERICAN AIRLINES, INC. Man-days due to Illness of Employees in New York, N. Y. April 1941--March 1943 Year Preceding Institution of Visiting Nurse Service April-June 1941 ............ July-September 1941 .. October-December 1941 January-March 1942 .. Number Employees 6,037 6,308 6,449 6,744 Lost Man-days Illness 2,870 ' 2,047 2,671 3,977 Lost Man-days per Man .46 .32 .41 .59 Monthly Average........ .. Annual Average (12x.45) 25,538 11,565 .45 5.4 lit Year After Instituting VUiting Nurae Service April-June 1942 ............. July-September 1942 .. October-December 1942 January-March 1943 .. Number Employees 6,969 7,357 9,184 9,152 Lost Man-days Illness 1,945 2,092 3,064 4,114 32,662 Monthly Average ....................................... Annual Average (12 x .34)....................... Per cent decrease (5.4 : 4.1)........................... Annual reduction of lost man-days, based on 3,250 average employees as of March 1943. 5.4 x 3,250=17,550 4.1 x 3,250=13,325 11,215 Lost Man-days per Man .28 38 .33 .45 4 .34 4.1 25% 4 4,225 Sum of the number of employees in each month. American Society of Safety Engineers-- Engineering Section Officers 1942-1943 General Chairman--Wills Maclachlan, Hydro-Electric Power Commission, Toronto, Ont., Canada. Vice-Chairmen--H. R. Bixler, Mutual Life Insurance Co. of N. Y., New York, N. Y. W. R. Smith, Public Service Electric & Gas Co., Newark, N. J. Secretary--J. C. Stennett, National Safety Council, Inc., Chicago, 111. Chapter Representatives-- E. W. Bullard, E. D. Bullard Co., San Francisco, Calif. (San Francisco Chapter). Frank G. Cosgrove, Employers Reinsurance Corp., Kansas City, Mo. (Kansas City Chapter). E. W. Engerrr, Bethlehem Steel Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. (Western Pennsylvania Chapter). Roy M. Godwin, Philadelphia Electric Co., Philadelphia, Pa. (Philadelphia Chapter). E. R. Granniss, Office of Provost Marshal General, War Dept., Washington, D. C. (Metropolitan Chapter). Warren A. Hirsch, J. B. Beaird Corp., Shreveport, La. (Ark-La-Tex Chapter). E. F. King, Lever Brothers Co., Cambridge, Mass. (Boston Chapter). ft. A. Hendrix, Eastern Aircraft Div., General Motors Corp., Linden, N. J. (New Jersey Chapter). S. R. Bumann, The Atlantic Refining Co., Dallas, Texas. (Southwest Chapter). E. J. McCrossin, State of Alabama, Birmingham, Ala. (Alabama Chapter). B. J. Pratt, Colonial Radio Corp., Buffalo. N. Y. (Niagara Frontier Chapter). Harvey B. Williams, Pan American Refining Corp., Texas City, Texas. (Gulf Coast j Chapter). Members at Large-- George J. Adams, International Paper Co., Glens Falls, N. Y. Cyril Ainsworth, American Standards Assn., New York, N. Y. ! R. H. Ferguson, Republic Steel Corp,, Cleveland, Ohio. Roy M. Godwin, Philadelphia Electric Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Major EL R. Granniss, Office of Provost Marshal General, War Dept., Washington, D. C. W. Dean Keefer, Lumbermens Mutual Casualty Co., Chicago, 111. J. E. Long, The Delaware & Hudson Railroad Corp., Albany, N. Y. J. S. Shaw, Hercules Powder Co., Wilmington, Del. W. P. Yant, Mine'Safety Appliances Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. ' Past General Chairmen-- , J. I. Banash, Consulting Eng., Chicago, 111. E. W. Beck, U. S. Rubber Co., New York, N. Y. C. B. Boulf.t, Wisconsin Public Service Corp., Milwaukee, Wis. ; F. W. Braun, Employers Mutuals, Wausau, Wis. ! R. E. Donovan, Standard Oil Co. of Calif., San Francisco, Calif. I H. J, Griffith, Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. . . R. McA. Keown, Wisconsin Industrial Commission, Madison, Wis. >1 W. S. Paine, Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., Hartford, Conn. J A. S. Regula, General Time Instrument Corp., New York, N. Y. D. L. Royer, Ocean Accident & Guarantee Corp., New York, N. Y. j;: G. E. Sanford, General Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Y. $, C. W. Smith, Standard Oil Co. (Inti.), Chicago, 111. H. S. Smith, Union Carbide & Carbon Corp., New York, N. Y. I R. F. Thalmf.r, Buick Motor Co., Flint, Mjch. F{ S. E. Whiting, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston, Mass. 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 266 Officers 1943-1944t General Chairman--H. R. Bixler, Mutual Life Insurance Co. of N. Y., New York, N. Y. Vice-Chairmen--W. R. Smith, Public Service Electric & Ga Ca, Newark, N. J, W. Dean Keefes, Lumbermans Mutual Casualty Co., Chicago, 111. Secretary--J. C. Stennet, National Safety Council, Inc., Chicago, 111. Chapter Representatives-- Hebman Behr, Lumbermans Mutual Casualty Co., Boston, Mass. (Boston Chapter). E. W. Bullard, E. D. Bullard Co., San Francisco, Calif. (San Francisco Chapter). Frank G. Cosgrove, Employers Reinsurance Corp., Kansas City, Mo. (K. C. Chapter). George F. DePan, Crucible Steel Co., Syracuse, N. Y. (Central N. Y. Chapter). Burton A. French, Marsh & McLennan, Inc., Minneapolis, Minn. (Northwest J. CAh.aGptaevr)in. , Shell Oil Corp., Houston, Tex. (Gulf Coast Chapter). Roy M. Godwin, Philadelphia Electric Co., Philadelphia, Pa. (Phila. Chapter). W. G. Hill, Bakelite Corp., Bound Brook, N. J. (N. J. Chapter). Warren A. Hirsch, J. B. Beaird Co., Shreveport, La. (Ark-La-Tex Chapter). P. C. Kauffman, Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. (Western Pa. Chptr). E. C. McFadden, Texas Employers Insurance Assn., Dallas, Texas. (Southwest Chptr). Arthur S. Phelps, Pratt & Lerchworth Co., Inc., Buffalo, N. Y. (Niagara Frontier H.CPh.apWtear)l.l, American Optical Co., New York, N. Y. (Metropoli_tan Chapter). I. O. Speed, Alabama Power Co., Birmingham, Ala. (Ala. Chapter). . R. A. Stanton, U. S. Army Engineers, Portland, Ore. (Portland Chapter). Members at Large-- George J. Adams, International Paper Co., Glens Falls, N. Y. Cyril Ainsworth, American Standards Assn., New York, N. Y. R. H. Ferguson, Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio. RMoayjoMr .EG. oRd.wGinr,aPnhniilsasd,elOphffiicaeEolef cPtrriocvCosot., MPahrilsahdaellpGhiean.eral, War Dept., Washington, , J. DE.. CLong, The Delaware & Hudson Railroad Corp., Albany, N. Y. B. F. McDonald, B. F. McDonald Co., Los Angeles, Calif. J. S. Shaw, Hercules Powder Co., Wilmington, Del. W. P. Yant, Mine Safety Appliances Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Past General Chairmen-- J. I. Banash, Consulting Eng., Chicago, 111. E. W. Beck. U. S. Rubber Co., New York, N. Y. C. B. BoUlet, Wisconsin Public Service Corp., Milwaukee, Wis. F. W. Braun, Employers Mutuals, Wausau, Wisconsin. R. E. Donovan, Standard Oil Co. of California, San Francisco, Calif. ' H. J. Griffith, Jones & l.aughYtn Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. RW. ilMlcsAM. aKcf.loawcnh,laWni,scHoyndsrino-EInleductsrtirciaPl oCwoemrmCisosmiomn,issMioand,isToonr,oWntios,e.Ontario, Canada; W. S. Paine, Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., Hartford, Conn. S. D. Rbgula, General Time Instruments Corp. New York, N. Y. D. L. Royer, Ocean Accident & Guarantee Corp. New York, N. Y. G. E. Sanford, General Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Y. C W. Smith, Standard Oil Co. (Ind.) Chicago, III. H. S. Smith, Union Carbide & Carbon Corp., New York, N. Y. _ R. F, Thalner, Buick Motor Div., General Motors Corp., Flint, Mich. S. E, Whiting, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston, Mass. : tAl elected by in Congren* Session American Society of Safety Engineers--Engineerin on 267 TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 5, 1943 Presiding: General Chairman, Wills Maclachlan, Department Head, Hydro-Electric Power Commission, Toronto, Ont., Can. Annual Report of General Chairman WILLS MACLACHLAN Over thirty years ago some engineers in terested in the prevention of accidents or ganized the A.S.S.E. and about the same time another group of engineers in the Na tional Safety Council, organized the Engi neering Section of the Council. As time went on it was quite apparent that these two bodies had much in common and amal gamation was carried out. Since that time added strength has been given to the work of the engineer in the prevention of accidents. On behalf of the Section and officers, I wish to extend to the officers and staff of the National Safety Council sincere thanks for the full co-operation that has been afforded to the Section during the past year; without this help much that has been accomplished could not have been done. During the year reorganization of the staff of the Council increased the duties of R. L. Forney and he resigned as Secretary of the A.S.S.E. The Association owes much to this able execu tive, and I extend our sincere thanks. We ieel gratified that it has been possible to obtain the services of Joe Stennett as Sec retary. Mr. Stennett is no stranger to the Ais.S.E., and we feel sure that the office of secretary is in capable hands. The formal annual report was presented to dte Executive Committee of the Section and adopted. Any member wishing a copy will receive one on applying to the Secretary. I wish, however, to make a few genral oomments. Some few years ago ttie Section appointed committee under Professor C. W. Breese '.M Purdue, to investigate the possibility of : adequate training in the prevention of - accidents for engineers in the colleges. About , a year ago Professor Breese presented his : which was adopted. It was quite ap t that the most effective way to put Ml Into action would be by obtaining the ation of the Society for the Promo tion of Engineering Education. At the meet ing of the S.P.E.E. last June, the recommen dations of this Section were thoroughly dis cussed and tentatively approved. The Society appointed a committee to work with the committee of this Section in the developing of this most important work. The U. S. Department of Labor has also become very much interested in this sub ject, due among other things to their % hour courses under the E.S.M.W.T. Safety Training Courses. Arrangements are being made whereby a committee shall be set up representing not only governmental bodies but also organizations like our own and the S.P.E.E. to thoroughly review the whole situation in an endeavor to make sure that the young engineer appreciates that the ef ficient design of machine, plant or system presupposes a design safe to manufacture, install, operate and maintain. During the year there has been a very considerable increase in the membership. The membership at the present time stands at approximately 3,300, an increase of over 30 per cent during the year. We are very happy to welcome into the membership a number of the officers of the armed forces. These men have done much to carry for ward the prevention of accidents on major construction projects in munition plants, army and navy camps and air fields, and it is hoped that they not only will gain from the Section, but also will be able to con tribute materially to the work of the Sec tion. ` , Projects in research have been developed. Literature such as safe practice pamphlets data sheets, cards, etc., have been developed Work has been done on codes, and coopera tion has been extended where effective to various governmental bodies. A new development in the Council activi ties has been instituted during the year, and 272 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 darkness, hence their use in the aisles of motion picture theaters, etc. Thus, in the safety plans for tomorrow we need both suns and fireflies--regular hot body illuminants for the work-seeing jobs but also the supplemental glowing low-bright ness sources emitting cold light that guide us toward a needed object or warn us away from the danger point. Thus the dangers that lurk in the dark can be driven further back. Especially through phosphorescence or the self-contained property of storing and emit ting light, the otherwise invisible object can be made to say, "Here I am." v Automotive and Machine Shop Section Officers 1942-1943 General Chairman--C. E. Wool. tF.vER, Buick Motor Div., General Motors Corp., Melrose Park, 111. Vice-Chairman--H. B. Duffus, Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Co., East Pitts burgh, Pa. O. F. Lehman, Jefferson Plant, Chrysler Corp., Detroit, Mich. , Secretary--R. E. Frf.hf.rick, International Business Machines Corp., North Endicott, N. Y. News Letter Committee--J. E. Moore (Chairman), Corporate Service, Inc., Detroit, Micji. Geo. W. Starling Harrison Radiator Div., General Motors Corp., Lockport, N. Y. Engineering Committee--J. C. McDonald (Chairman), Fisher Body Pontiac Div., General Motors Corp., Pontiac, Mich. W. M. Nelson, General Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Y. J. A. Young, General Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Y. Health Committee--Dr. A. L. Brooks (Chairman), Fisher Body Detroit Div., General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich. Dr. S. F. Meek, Chrysler Corp., Detroit, Mich. Dr. Penberthy, Michigan Mutual Liability Co., Detroit, Mich. Membership Committee--P. W. Howard (Chairman), Nash-Kelvinator Corp., Grand Rapids, Mich. L. B. Loomis, Ternstedt Mfg. Div., General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich. C. M. Marietta, G. M. Forge Plant No. 1, General Motors Corp., Lansing, Mich. Program Committee--W. J. Barclay (Chairman), Detroit, Mich. C. B. Cornell, Chrysler Corp., Detroit, Mich. A. A. Hendricks, Eastern Aircraft Div., General Motors Corp., Linden, N. J. Publicity Committee--Arthur Dearth (Chairman), DeSoto-Warren Plant, Chrysler Corp., Detroit, Mich. R. P. Hatch, United Shoe Machinery Corp., Beverly, Mass. amn.s.n..e..s...c.o. .m...m...i.t.te--ve--. n, vr.moNUE (unairman/, jveisey-Mayes Wheel Co., Detroit, Gf.orgf. H. Bf.chill, DeSoto Div., Chrysler Corp., Detroit, Mich. Edward Mandry, Republic Steel Corp. Cleveland, Ohio. iVUVIl. Members'at Large-- L E. Averill, Chicago Eye Shield Co, Detroit, Mich. *W. A. Bechill, Dodge Chicago Plant, Chrysler Corp, Chicago, 111. *M. A. Clark, U. S. Rubber Co, Detroit, Mich. Hoyt I, Fracher, Detroit Steel Products Co, Detroit, Mich. *G. A. Kuechenmeister, Dominion Forge & Stamping Co, Walkerville, Ont, Canada. M. J. McCarthy. Fisher Body Detroit Div, General Motors Corp, Detroit, Mich. Harry L. Sain, Industrial Commission of Ohio, Columbus, Ohio. R. A. Shaw, Detroit Diesel Engine Div, General Motors Corp, Detroit, Mich. Paul S. Strfx ker, Nash-Kelvinator Corp, New Orleans, La. R. F. Thalmf.r, Buick Motor Div, General Motors Corp, Flint, Mich. . *V. I. Trotter, Plymouth Div, General Motors Corp, Detroit, Mich. " *CT. Winegar, Chrysler Corp, Detroit, Mich. General Chairman 273 274 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 Officers 1943-1944 + General Chairman--H. B. Duepus, Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Co., East Pitta- burgh, Pa. Vice-Chairmen--O. F. Lehman, Chrysler Corp., Detroit, Mich. J. W. Young, International Harvester Co., Chicago, 111. Secretary--J. E. Moore, Corporate Service, Detroit, Mich. News Letter Committee--Paul J. Black (Chairman), Westinghouse Electric & Mfg. Co., Lima, Ohio ' James J. Lawler, Sylvania Electric Products, Inc., Emporium, Pa. F. H. Humphreys, American Car and Foundry Co., New York, N. Y. Engineering Committee--G. W. Kennedy (Chairman), Buick Motor Div., General Motors Corp., Melrose Park, 111. P. V. Bailey, Remington Rand, Inc., Buffalo, N. Y. F. R. Debrick, The Bullard Co., Bridgeport, Conn. Health Committee--Dr. A. L. Brooks (Chairman), Fisher Body Detroit Div., General .Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich. Dr. S. F. Mf.ek, Chrysler Corp., Detroit, Mich. Dr. R. L. Nichols, Amertorp Corp., Forest Park, 111. Membership Committee--L. B. Loomis (Chairman), Ternstedt Mfg. Div., General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich. C. M. Marietta, General Motors Corp., Lansing, Mich. D. L. McCui.lv, Westinghouse Air Brake Co., Wilmerding, Pa. Program Committee--F. H. Ii.i.ig (Chairman), Aluminum Co. of America, New Kensing ton, Pa. R. D. Harvey, The Murray Corp. of America, Detroit, Mich. N. S. Miller, Stewart-Warner Corp., Chicago, 111. F. W. Fiske, The Brewer-Titchener Corp., Cortland, N. Y. Publicity Committee--C. A. Df.Monce (Chairman), Kelsey-Hayes Wheel Co., Detroit, Mich. George T. Rosselle, The Baldwin Locomotive Works, Philadelphia, Pa. K. E. Crotty, Carrier Corp., Syracuse, N. Y. Statistics Committee--George H. Bechill (Chairman), DeSoto Div., Chrysler Corporation, Detroit, Mich. Carl Heincke, AC Spark Plug Div., General Motors Corp., Flint, Mich. B. C. Lucas, York Safe and Lock Co., York, Pa. Members-at-Large-- *L. E. Averill, Chicago Eye Shield Co., Detroit, Mich. *W. A. Bechii.l, Dodge Chicago Plant, Chrysler Corp., Chicago, III. . *J- C. Bower, Westinghouse Electric & Mfg. Co., East Pittsburgh, Pa. M. A. Clark, State Director of War Manpower, Detroit, Mich. Hoyt L. Fracher, Detroit Steel Products Co., Detroit, Mich. *G. A. Kueciienmeistkr, Dominion Forge & Stamping Co., Walkerville, Ont., Canada *M. J. McCarthy, Fisher Body Detroit Div., General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich. Harry L. Sain, Industrial Commission of Ohio, Columbus, Ohio Robert A. Shaw, Detroit Diesel Engine Div., General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich. Lt. Com. Paul S. Stuffykr, USNR, Boston Navy Yard, Boston, Mass. R. F. Thalmer, Buick Motor Div., General Motors Corp., Flint, Mich. V. I. Trotter, Kenmore Plant No. 1, Curtis'-Wright Corp., Buffalo, N. Y. *C. T. Winegar, Chrysler Corp., Detroit, Mich. *C. E. Woolievfr, Buick Motor Div., General Motors Corp., Melrose Park, 111. Put General Chairman t As elrt hy the HcleRslrs in Congress session. Automotive and Machine Shop Section 275 TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 5, 1943 Presiding: General Chairman, C. E. Wooliever, Personnel Manager, Buick Motor Division, General Motors Corp., Melrose Park, 111. Safety in the Armed Forces MAJOR RALPH W. APPLEGATE Industrial Safety Branch, 6th Service Command, War Dept., Chicago This discussion, logically, divides itself into two principal components: combat safety, namely, protective equipment, training and tactical procedures, and the many devices employed to guard our com bat troops, and the army safety program as it applies to production. Personal Safety of Fighting Men It is, of course, evident that the primary function in combat safety is to acquaint, our troops with the handling of guns, planes, tanks, and other equipment in or der that they may insure their own safety from attack and from accidents. Safety in the construction of these weapons is also vital. In order best to bring these factors to your attention, I shall turn to the combat soldier himself and cover his personal safety, including the training, the supplies, the weapons and the protective devices designed specifically for him. The Army first requires the prospective soldier to undergo a complete physical examination to determine whether or not he is qualified to withstand the rigors and hardships of modern warfare. He is then Seat to an induction station, where mental and aptitude tests scientifically determine the branch of service for which he is best Suited. The illiterate and those having ; questionable physical or mental traits are carefully screened out and detailed to spe! fial training camps where they are further aalyzed to determine whether or not they arc qualified at all for the Service. The next procedure is to harden these to physically, train them in the methods warfare and condition them mentally l that they may use, during actual comr lM'the safety they have been taught. This accomplished by a thirteen-week basic Mating course given at different training centers located throughout the United States. Training The Individual Since today nearly all of the trainees are former civilians who have led a more or less sheltered life, the course must start slowly. Needless to say, particular em phasis is placed on sanitation and health conditions. Safety is stressed at all times, especially in the handling of machinery, firearms, explosives and other hazardous equipment or material. As the course progresses, the tempo increases. Let us look at some of the safety measures which are taken during this thirteen-week course. The men are prop erly outfitted: extreme care is taken to see that shoes fit properly, thus minimiz ing blisters; shirts and pants are designed so that they do not bind or look sloppy, yet give the soldiers the freedom of action required; raincoats to keep them dry and field jackets and winter coats to keep them warm are provided; and properly balanced meals are well cooked and served in gen erous quantities. Their health is con stantly checked by the Medical Corps. They are taught to detect poisonous and other war gases and the correct use of the gas mask, gas shelter and other pro tective equipment to combat these gases. One of the largest jobs during the training period is to condition the soldier mentally for his own safety during com bat. In other words, the trainee must be acclimated to actual battle conditions so that he will act safely and not become confused by rifle shots, explosions and other battle sounds. To do this, a num ber of battle conditions are simulated. For example, sound producing equipment is used that will give the same sounds the Cement and Quarry Section Officers 1942-1943 General Chairman--W. M. Powell, Medusa Portland Cement Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Vice-Chairman--H. F. Yotter. The General Crushed Stone Co., Easton, Pa. Vice-Chairman--David Adam, Lawrence Portland Cement Co., Northampton, Pa. Secretary--J. R. Boyd, National Crushed Stone Assn., Inc., Washington, D. C. News Letter Editor--Jack Dempster, Canada Cement Co., Ltd., Montreal, P. Q., Canada. Engineering Committee Chairman--Johan Norvic, Pennsylvania-Dixie Cement Corp., Naza reth, Pa. Membership Committee Chairman--F. L. Maus, Alpha Portlanl Cement Co., Easton, Pa. Program Committee Acting Chairman--F. L. Maus, Alpha Portland Cement Co., Easton, Pa. Publicity Committee Chairman--*P. N. Bushnell, Universal Atlas Cement Co., New York, N. Y. Statistics Committee Chairman--W. W. Adams, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C. Membership at Large-- V. P. Ahearn, National Sand & Gravel Assn., Washington, D. C. E. D. Barry, Universal Atlas Cement Co., New York, N. Y. H. M. Beattv, Kelley Island Lime & Transportation Co., Cleveland, Ohio. F. J. Buffington, New York Trap Rock Corp., New York, N. Y. A. J. R. Curtis, Portland Cement Assn., Chicago, III. *R. A. Dittmar, Universal Atlas Cement Co., Hudson, N. Y. *0. M. Graves, The General Crushed Stone Co., Easton, Pa. Col. H. A. Reningf.r, Lehigh Portland Cement Co. S. W. Stauffer, National Lime Assn., Washington, D. C. A. J. Worthen, The New Haven Trap Rock Co., New Haven, Conn. General Chairman 303 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 Officers 1943-19441 General Chairman--David Adaif, Lawrence Portland Cement Co., Northampton, Pa. Vice-Chairmen--H. F. Yotter, The General Crushed Stone C, Easton, Pa. F. L. Maus, Alpha Portland Cement Co., Easton, Pa. , .Secretary--J. R. Boyd, National Crushed Stone Assn., Inc., Washington, D. C. News Letter Editor--Jack Dempster, Canada Cement Co., Ltd., Montreal, P. Q., Canada. Engineering Committee Chairman--Johan Norvig, Penn-Dixie Cement Corp., Nazareth, Pa. Membership Committee Chairman--L. R. Rice, Nazareth Cement Co., Nazareth, Pa. * Program Committee Chairman--S. L. Greenawalt, North American Cement Corp, New York, N. Y. Publicity Committee Chairman--P. N. Bushnell, Universal Atlas Cement Co., New York, N. Y. Statistics Committee Chairman--W. W. Adams, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. G Members at Large-- V. P. Ahf.arn, National Sand & Gravel Assn., Washington, D. C. H. M. Beatty, The Kelley Island Lime & Transportation Co., Cleveland, Ohio. F. J. Buffington, New York Trap Rock Corp., New York, N. Y. A. J. R. Curtis, Portland Cement Assn., Chicago, 111. *R. A. Dittmar, Universal Atlas Cement Co., Hudson, N. Y. *0. M. Graves, The General Crushed Stone Co., Easton, Pa. M. C. M. Pollard, National Gypsum Co., Buffalo, N. Y. *W. M. Powell, Medusa Portlanl Cement Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Col Henry A. Renincer, A.U.S., Third Civilian Defense Region, Baltimore, Md. S. W. Stauffer, National Lime Assn, Washington, D. C. A. J. Worthen, The New Haven Trap Rock Co, New Haven, Conn. *Put General Chairman tAa elected by the dele*ates in Congress session Cement and Quarry Section ^ 305 WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 6, 1943 Presiding: General Chairman, W. M. Powell, Safety Director, Medusa Portland Cement Co, Cleveland. Recent Cement and Quarry Accident Experience W. W, ADAMS Supervising Statistician, Bureau of Mines, U. S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D. C. ' The subject assigned is intended, I be lieve, to cover accidents in those branches of the quarrying and allied industries that include the production of cement, limestone, marble, granite, traprock, sandstone, and slate. It therefore embraces not only work performed inside the quarries but also such outside work as rockdressing and the manu facture of cement or lime. The recent accident experience of the in dustry as thus defined is comparatively good --much better than when the records were started in 1911; better than it was in, say, had dropped to 41.0. In 1936 it had fallen to 39.5 but it rose to 40.1 in 1941. The esti mated rate for 1942 shows another drop, this time to 37.6. Only in two other years has the rate been so low, in 1939 and 1940. When we compare the rate for 1916 with that of either of the most recent two years, 1942 or 1941, we find that the quarrying industry has reduced its accident rate by 35 or 40 per cent. There is a sound basis, there fore, for the statement that the recent acci dent experience of the indusry has been good. 1925 or 1930. Moreover, the past five years (1938-42) present a more pleasing picture than that furnished by the five years 1931-35. Annual rates have fluctuated, but the trend has been favorable, showing progress in the prevention of accidents. , Statistical tables accompanying this paper have been prepared from reports supplied hy operating companies to the Federal Bu reau of Mines. Only the principal facts re retied by these tables will be mentioned. Rates Vary in Different Branches The generally favorable record of the in dustry as a whole has not been shared equally by all kinds of quarries. Also, the char acteristic accident rates of some branches of the industry may be higher or lower than for other branches. To consider each branch of the industry separately, it is necessary to select a period of time ending with 1941, as some companies have not yet. reported for 1942. During the ; Favorable Record for Industry Operating companies began to furnish actient reports to the Bureau of Mines in Wl, thirty-two years ago. For several years tiler the work was Ik-ruii, the reports from my companies gave incomplete coverage ti accidents. This fart became apparent when fct accident rates for the industry were -ted and were obviously too low. By the reports of injuries had improved, so compilations based upon them produced Tt rates that appeared to be trust- and reasonably complete, h that year, 1916, the accident-frequency . vu 63.4. Five years later it was 62.9 re# years later, 58.0. Ry 1931 the rate 11 years 1931 to 1941, the cement industry led all other groups engaged in quarrying and related work by maintaining the best safety record, meaning thereby that the ac cident rates in that industry were lower than for other branches of the quarrying and allied industries during each of the 11 years. Moreover, the rates for the cement industry continue to improve. Although the rate for 1941 was higher than that in the 3 years im mediately preceding, the average for the most recent 5 years was better than the average for the first 5 years. This favorable record covers the entire cement industry, including work inside the quarries and that performed at the cement mills. The comparison continues favorable Chemical Section Officers 1942-1943 i i General Chairman--Major R. C. Stratton, CWS, Office of the Chief of Ordnance, Safet) & Security Branch, Chicago, III. Vice-Chairman in Charge of Program--James J. Duggan, Carbide & Carbon Chemicals Corp., South Charleston, W. Va. ' Secretary--H. F. Gilbert, American Cyanamid Co., New York, N. Y. News Letter Committee--Allen L. Cobb (Chairman), Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, N. Y. E. F. King, Lever Bros. Co., Cambridge, Mass. W. C Shaw, Procter & Gamble Di_fe> -e Corp., Wolf Creek Ordnance Plant, Milan, Tenn. Engineering Committee--D. 0. Mason (Chairman), General Chemical Co., New York, N. Y. Dr. E. G. Meiter, Employers Mutuals, Milwaukee, Wis. E. J. Sait, Canadian Industries Ltd., Montreal, Que., Canada. Data and Instruction Card Committee--R. S. Mackie (Chairman), General Electric Co., Cleveland, Ohio. R. C. Hamilton, The Solvay Process Co., Syracuse, N. Y. John W. Sawyer, Procter & Gamble Defense Corp., Gulf Ordnance Plant, Aberdeen, Miss. Health Committee--S. W. Gurney (Chairman), Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston, Mass. Dr. Leonard Greenburg, N. Y. State Department of Labor, New York, N. Y. S. M. MacCutchbon, The Dow Chemical Co., Midland, Mich. Dr. H. H. Schrenk, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa. Membership Committee--C. E. Sevrens (Chairman), Monsanto Chemical Co., Boston, Mass. W. L. Hammersley, Electric Storage Battery Co., Philadelphia, Pa. " J. H. Hayes, National Fireworks, Inc., West Hanover, Mass. Poster Committee--M. R. Budd (Chairman), Hercules Powder Co., Wilmington, Del. P. C. Lamb, Lever Brothers Co., Cambridge, Mass. Statistics and Contest Committee--M. A. Snell, (Chairman), Hartford Accident & Indem nity Co., Hartford, Conn. E. J. Riederer, Atlas Powder Co., Wilmington, Del. Advisory Committee-- r *F. W. Dennis, Hooker Electrochemical Co., Niagara Falls, N. Y. L: *R. 0. Keefer, Aluminum Co. of America, Pittsburgh, Pa. R. L. Rogers, Jr., Tennessee Eastman Corp., Kingsport, Tenn. *H. L. Miner, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del. John Roach, Deputy Commissioner of Labor, Newark, N. J. John S. Shaw, Hercules Powder Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del. A. L. Watson, Koppers United Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. s *S. E. Whiting Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston, Mass. 321 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 322 Officers 1943-1944t General Chairman--Lt. Coi. R. C. Stratton, Office o{ the Chief of Ordnance, Safety ViacnedCSheacirumriatyn iBnraCnhcha,rgCe hoicfaPgoro, gIrIaI.m--James J. Duggan, Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corp., South Charleston, W. Va. Secretary--H. F. Giibert, American Cyanamid Co., New York, N. Y. News Letter Committee--Allen L. Cobb (Chairman), Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, N.EY. .F. King, Lever Brothers Co., Cambridge, Mass. Engineering Committee--D. O. Mason (Chairman), General Chemical Co., New York, N. Y. Da. E. G. Mf.iter, Industrial Hygiene Laboratory, Employers Mutuals, Milwaukee, E.WJi.s.Sait, Canadian Industries, Ltd., Montreal, P. Q., Canada. Data Sheet and Instruction Card Committee--R. S. Mackie (Chairman), General Electric HeCaol.t,hCCleovmelmanitdte, eO--hSio.. W. Gurney (Chairman), Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston, MaDssr.. Leonard Greenburc, Div. of Industrial Hygiene, New York State Dept, of S.LMab.orM, aNceCwutYcohreko,nN, .ThYe. Dow Chemical Co., Midland, Mich. Dr. H. H. Schrenk, Health Div., U. S. Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa. Membership Committee--C. E. Sevrens (Chairman), Monsanto Chemical Co., Boston, Mass. W. L. Hammersi.ey, Electric Storage Battery Co., Philadelphia, Pa. James H. Hayes, National Fireworks, Inc., West Hanover, Mass. Poster Committee--M. R. Buud (Chairman), Hercules Powder Co., Wilmington, Del. P. C. Lamb, Lever Brothers Co., Cambridge, Mass. Statistics and Contest Committee--M. A. Snell (Chairman), Hartford Accident and E.InJd.emRineidtyf.rCero,., AHtlaasrtfoProdw, dCeor nCn.o., Wilmington, Del. Adv*iFso. ryWC. oDmf.mnnitttese,--Hooker Electrochemical Co., Niagara Falls, N. Y. *R. O. Keeff.r, Aluminum Co. of America, Pittsburgh, Pa. *H. L. Miner, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co, -Inc., Wilmington, Del. John Roach, Deputy Commissioner of Labor, Newark, N. J. *R. I.. Rogers, Jr., Tennessee Eastman Corp., Kingsport, Tenn. John S. Shaw, Hercules Powder Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del, *S. E. Whiting, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston, Mass. General Chairman tA elects! by deflates in Conferees Session Chemical Section 323 TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 5, 1943 Presiding: General Chairman, Maj. R. C. Stratton, CWS, Office, Chief of Ordnance, Safety & Security Branch, Chicago. Accident Analysis In Wartime Chemical Plants By CAPTAIN G. C. WHALEN. Chief, Safety Section, Plant Protection & Safety Department, Chemical Warfare Service, Washington. Presented by 1st Lt. Oleniua Olson, Jr., C. W. S. In this war as in the first World War, the chemical industry has been called upon to supply hazardous materials for which new plants had to be designed, chemicals for which there was little if any peacetime need and about which information was ex tremely limited. It has been difficult, and is rapidly becoming more difficult, to secure necessary equipment, raw materials, supplies and technical manpower. New and improved munitions and fighting equipment are con tinually coming off the drafting boards. Ofteii this has made it necessary to cancel con tracts in the middle of the stream, and no thing is more completely confusing to the plant operator than such an unfortunate event. The quality of workmen in chemical plants has hern a major problem for which con niption has been only partly responsible. Many chemical plants are, at best, disagreea ble places in which to work, and today work men can, within reason, write their own tickets; hence, the chemical plants must tcessarily offier special inducements to at tract labor. In addition to these special aches tod pains the chemical industry has all the Complex problems of other industries. Rapid Development of New Products New commercial chemical processes are Rally several years from the laboratory to induction. But wars and Commanding Gcnnls will not wait for trials, pilot plants or irate experiments. H the Commanding :ral in a theater of operation wants a an sensitive starter on incendiary bombs, ore effective screening smoke, or a flame er that will work effectively from a he cables his desire and expects to get in the shortest possible time. Experts the staff of the Chief of the Chemical re Service and those from industry go into a huddle. A paper formula or design results. A manufacturing directive is sent to Chemical Warfare Service Arsenals, and chemical plants all over the country bid for a contract. Contracts arc let; then, as in caustic plants, everything goes badly for a while; then all of a sudden it gets a lot worse. But the General gets the goods and gets them on time. Tendency to Relax Safety Efforts During such a blitz, plant safety is an easy item for plant management to forget. The relaxed effort is not immediately apparent; hence, it would be a little wonder if safety was asked to wait until the pressure was off before it was resumed. Frequency and severity rates for private chemical plants assigned Chemical Warfare Service for con tinuing protection indicate that there has been little or no compromise with safety during this emergency, but this is largely because the products most inimical to safety are manufactured in the arsenals. There is no need to repeat published in jury statistics, since they are available ii your copy of "Accident Facts", except as means of comparison. The Chemical Warfari Service has safety responsibility for all plant: manufacturing toxic, irritant or incendiary products manufactured for the War or Navy Departments. This includes many chemica plants of all sizes and types. They all hav< one common aim--to produce with the small est number of industrial injuries. Rates of Plants Assigned to C. W. S. In January of this year, private plants as signed to Chemical Warfare Service foi continuing protection developed a frequency rate of 23.6 and a severity rate of 3.48. Th' safety section of Chemical Warfare Servio 344 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 lector hoppers. In slide two we see the 1 dust collector hopper being emptied with out any dust disposal. You can see that the operator himself is exposed to high dust concentrations and oftentimes these paste. By using the right amount of water and getting the correct adjustment, this can be removed either in a very wet sludge or in practically any consistency that we wish. dust collectors are located inside build This device is usually used where we ings where a lot of men are unnecessarily have a multiple dust Collector system exposed to the dust These hoppers can be properly emptied; first, in a dry state by using an enclosed, specially designed truck body attached to the ventilating system; and, second, in a wet state by attaching a wet disposal de vice to the dust arrestor. In the next slide is shown a specially designed, enclosed truck body, where this dust can be efficiently disposed of. You will notice that the central tube here is a corrugated tube connected directly to the exhaust system. When the air from the truck is exhausted, we have a downdraft mounted on a rail and, by means of a flexible hose connection and electrical connections it can be moved under each hopper or used along the conveyors and connected all to one unit. This can be used outdoors in temperatures as low as ten above zero. MR. McQUEERY (General Chemical Company): 1 wanted to mention the hydrofluoric acid problem. It is assum ing greater uses all the time, particularly in the refining of aviation gasoline. I presume that is why these gentlemen brought this problem up. in both manholes, through which the About six or seven months ago the truck is being filled. This can be done War Department called together the without any dust at all. This can be done leading manufacturers of hydrofluoric efficiently either by applying the suction acid to discuss this very problem. I am by means of an independent fin fan, or sorry I can't tell you the name under by a proper valve "arrangement we can which this organization goes, but its use the regular ventilating system. headquarters are at Bethesda, Maryland. Not only can this truck then be filled without creating a dust nuisance but in hauling the dust to the disposal grounds there is no blowing by the wind or jarring They have prepared a pamphlet as to the correct procedure in treating hydrofluoric burns which may be obtained by writing to them. of the dust as the truck is driven along MODERATOR SHAW: Write to the highway. Naturally there is some ex the National Institute of Health, Bethes posure to the workman while emptying the truck, hut by standing against the wind and using a dust respirator, this can be made a very fine job. da, Maryland. We still have some unanswered ques tions which leaves me unhappy but H you want to persist until you get the Now the next slide shows the wet dis answers, write the Council* and they posal device which is now commercially put it in the hands of the right specialiel available. This was described in the to give you the best information they ** January issue of "Industrial Medicine." Here we have dust from the dust col lector coming into a variable speed con veyor. Water enters the center of the spinning or spinner disc and both the water and the dust impinges at high speed, loses its identity and forms a get. CHAIRMAN STRATTON; Tht questions addressed to the National Safe* ty Council should be addressed to the i tention of the Chemical Section sentative, Mr. Van Atta. Coal Mining Section Officers 2943-19441 General Chairman--Thomas Mosf.s, Room 1602 Koppers Building, Pittsgburgh, Pa Vice-Chairman--J. T. Ryan, Jr., Mine Safety Appliances Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Secretary--R. H. Niciioi.as, Pittsburgh Coal Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. Labor Representative--Dk, Walter N. Polokov, United Mine Workers of America, Fairfax Station, Virginia. . Mine Operators' Representatives--Jon n E. Jones, Old Ben Coal Corp., West Frankfort, 111. Edgar C. Weichf.l, Hudson Coal Co., Scranton, Pa. V. S. Bureau of Mines Representative--J. J. Forbes, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D.C. Geo. W. Grove, (AlternateJ, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa. . Mine Inspectors' Representative--C. I-. Cotton, H. C. Frick Coke Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Sews Letter Editor--E. H. Denny, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa. Engineering Committee Chairman--A. D. Sisk, Big Sandy-Elkhorn Coal Operaitors Assn., Pikeville, Ky. Entertainment Committee Chairman--J. T. Ryan, Jr., Mine Safety Appliances Co., Pitts burgh, Pa. Km Strip Committee Chairman--Robert M. Mfihi.l, Illinois State Department of Mines : Minerals, Springfield, 111, ibership Committee Chairman--Cadwallader Evans, Jr., Hudson Coal Co., Scranton, L Committee Chairman--Richard T. McAllister, United Mine Workers of America, quoin, 111. m Committee Chairman--J. J. Forbes, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C. 1 by the delegate* in Congress session 345 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 346 Meetings for Formation of Coal Mining Section Construction Section October 6 and. 7 During the past two years several coal mining members of the Mining Section csaemcteionto dtehveotecdonctolusicoonal tiima*ini2n1 g would enable the Council to accomplish more in this field. This opinion was based on the belief that the problems of the coal to be sent to coal mine inspectors through out the country. Mr. Moses also held several meetings in various coal mining states, devoted to organizing safety com mittees among coal mine inspectors and operators. In the meantime, arrangements were made to hold an organizing meeting during the 32nd National Safety Congress. mining industry were entirety different from those encountered in metal mining and that it was necessary to develop specific materials. A group of the coal A preliminary organizing meeting was held on the morning of October 6, and a second meeting on the morning of Oc tober 7. Officers were elected and tentative mining members held several conferences, and these discussions finally resulted in approval of the formation of a separate section by the Executive Committee of the plans laid for the work of the section. In view of the fact that these meetings were held only for the purpose of organiz ing the section, no papers were prepared National Safety Council. for delivery. However, at the meeting Following this approval a special meet of the existing mining section the pro ing was held in Columbus, Ohio, May gram was designed to cover both coal 26, 1943, The meeting was presided over and metal mining. Reference should, by Mr. Thomas Moses. At this meeting therefore, be made to the program of the announcement was made of the contem. plated formation of a Coal Mining Section and, in order to get the movement under way, a temporary committee was formed under the chairmanship of Mr. Moses. Mining Section for papers dealing with both coal and metal mining. The section having been organized, plans for the development of a program The committee was known as "Coal Min are now under way and a complete pro ing Committee to Conserve Manpower." gram will, of course, be prepared for the Following the formation of the com next National Safety Congress. mittee, Mr. Moses prepared a message Officers 1942-1943 General Chairman--W. A. Hazard, Bethlehem Steel to., Bethlehem, Pa. ' Vice-Chairman for Building Construction--Lloyd A. Blanchard, War Department, Wash ington, D. C. Vice-Chairman for Heavy Construction--G. W. Maxon, Maxon Construction Co., Dayton, Ohio. Vice-Chairman for Highway Construction--Lester D. Wise, Pennsylvania Dept, of High ways, Harrisburg, Pa. Secretary--G. O. Griffin, Dravo Corp., Neville Island, Pittsburgh, Pa. News Letter Editor--`Edgar N. Goldstine, San Francisco, Calif. Engineering Committee Chairman--*R. J. Reigeluth, The New Haven Trap Rock Co., New Haven, Conn. Membership Committee Chairman--D. Donald, J. W. Cowper Co., Inc., Buffalo, N. Y. Program Committee Chairman--F. J. Crandell, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston, Mass. Statistics Committee Chairman--C. H, Black, Stone & Webster Engineering Corp., Boston, Mass. Visual Education Committee Chairman--H. H. Hayes, Tennessee Valley Authority, Chat tanooga, Tenn. ' *Past General Chairman Officers 1943-1944+ General Chairman--G. O. Griffin, Dravo Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. . Vice-Chairman for Building Construction--Lloyd A. Blanchard, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, Washington, D. C. Vice-Chairman for Heavy Construction--E. A. Blanpied, Kansas City Bridge Co., Kansas . Gty, Mo. Tice-Chairman for Highway Construction--Lester D. Wise, Pennsylvania Dept, of HighRays, Harrisburg, Pa. /Mvisory Committee-- W. A. Hazard, Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa. R. J. Reigeluth, New Haven Trap Rock Co., New Haven, Conn. retary--A. H. Pfeiffer, Harnischfeger Corp., Milwaukee, Wis. Letter Editor--Edgar N. Goldstine, 232 30th Ave., San Francisco, Cal. eering Committee Chairman--C. H. Black, Stone & Webster Engineering Corp., ton, Mass. ership Committee Chairman--Milo E. Smith, Chicago Bridge & Iron Co., Chicago, Committee Chairman--F. J. Crandell, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston, ~s Committee Chairman--Harry J. Kirk, Associated General Contractors of 'ca, Inc., Washington, D. C. Education Committee Chairman--Thomas M. Webb, Bridgeport Brass Co., BridgeConn. dieted by delegates in Congress Session 347 Marine Section Officers 1942-1943 General Chairman--Carl E. Holmes, Marsh & McLennan, Inc., New York, N. Y. Vice General Chairman--W. C. Garbutt, Pittsburgh Steamship Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Advisory Committee (Past General Chairmen)--Byron O. Pickard, Waterfront Employers' Association of the Pacific Coast, San Francisco, Calif. Captain Edward C. Holden, Jr., United States P. & I. Agency, Inc., New York, N. Y. Captain E. W. Fiske, Jr., Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc., New York, N. Y. John S. Hunter, The Atlantic Refining Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Captain Frank H. Cocan, The Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R. Co., Hoboken, N. J. Arthur M. Tode, Consulting Eng., New York, N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Executive Committee Activities)--Frank J. Taylor, Ameri can Merchant Marine Institute, Inc., New York, N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Membership)--Cornelius H. Callaghan, The Maritime Association of the Post of New York, New York, N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Ship Construction and Repair)--Carter Kendall, Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa. Assistant General Chairman (Marine Industrial and Public Relations)--T. E. Buchanan, Marine Dept., The Texas Co., New York, N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Programs, Meetings and Conventions)--E. P. Herges, U. S. Employees' Compensation Commission, Washington, D. C. Secretary--Harold M. G. Wick, American Bureau of Shipping, New York, N. Y. Editor, Marine News Letter--Captain Henry Blackstone, United States P. & I. Agency, Inc., San Francisco, Calif. Admiralty and Maritime Counsellor--Henry Eidenbach, New York, N. Y. . Chairman, Coastal Regions--Vice Admiral R. R. Waesche, U. S. Coast Guard, Washing ton, D. C. Assistant Chairman, Coastal Regions--Captain (E) H. N. Perham, U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. , Director, Atlantic Region--Willard F. Jones, Gulf Oil Corp., New York, N. Y. Assistant Director, Atlantic Region--M. J. Hanlon, Black Diamond Steamship Corp., Wee- hawken, N. J. Director, Gulf Region--A. H. Schroder, Freeport Sulphur Co., Port Sulphur, La. Assistant Director, Gulf Region--E. P. Richard, Mississippi Shipping Co., New Orleans, La. ,Director, Pacific Region--Edward J. Baird, Waterfront Employers Assn, of Southern Califomia, Long Beach, Calif. Director, Great Lakes Region--A. T. Wood, Lake Carriers' Association, Cleveland, Ohio. Director, Canadian Region--John W. McGifpin, Canada Steamship Lines, Ltd., Montreal, P. Q., Canada. Director, Ohio River Region--G. O. Griffin, Dravo Corp., Neville Island Pittsburgh, Pa. Assistant Director, Ohio River Region--J. E. Jackman, McCrady-Rodgers Co., Pittsburgh, Pa Director, All Inland Waterways--Lloyd A. Blanchard, Chief, Safety Section, Cocps of Engineers, Washington, D. C. . SPECIAL SERVICE COMMITTEES Chairman, Committee for the Advancement of the American Merchant Marine--Rear Ad miral Emory S. Land, U. S. Navy (Rtd.), Chairman, U. S. Maritime Commission, Washington, D. C. 383 4 .w> 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 SPECIAL SERVICE COMMITTEES Chairman, Committee for the Advancement of the American Merchant Marine--Rear Admiral Emory S. Land, U. S. Navy (Rtd.J, Chairman, U. S. Maritime Commission, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Committee on Operations of Liners and Cargo Vessels--Capt. Logan Cresap, Isthmian Steamship Co., New York, N. Y. Chairman, Stevedoring Committee--John W. McGrath, Jr., John W. McGrath Corp., New York, N. Y. Chairman, Statistics & Contests Committee--Benjamin H. Self, The Travelers Insurance Co., New York, N. Y. Vice-Chairman, Statistics & Contests Committee--Irvin L. Hagrmann, Tampa Ship building Company, Inc., Tampa, Florida. Chairman, Publicity and Publications Committee--Harold J. Hardino, Editor, "Marine Progress," 95 Broad Street, New York, N. Y. Vice-Chairman, Publicity and Publications Committee--R. C. Brandon, Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation, Tacoma, Washington. Chairman, Engineering and Minimum Standards Committee--A. J. Smith, Marine Office of America, New York, N. Y. Choirman, Tankers Committee--James E. Moss, The Atlantic Refining Company, Phila delphia, Pa. Vice-Chairman, U. S. Navy Yards Safety Committee--E. B. Landry, Shore Establish ments Div., Navy Dept, Washington, D. C ' Chairman, Maritime Associations Committee--Frank C. Gregory, Waterfront Employers' Association of San Francisco, San Francisco, California. Special Maritime Advisor--Professor H. L. Seward, Yale University, School of Engi neering, New Haven, Conn. Assistant Chairman (Programs, Meetings and Conventions)--Harold J. Segrave, Mine Safety Appliances Co., New York, N. Y. SPECIAL GOVERNMENT COMMITTEES FOR SAFETY IN NATIONAL DEFENSE, SHIPBUILDING, INSPECTIONS, AND PERSONNEL TRAINING Chairman, Naval Committee for Safety in National Defense--Rear Admiral C. W. Fisher, U. S. Navy, Dir. of Shore Establishments, Navy Department, Washington, D. C. Chairman, New Ship Design and Construction Committee--Rear Admiral H. L. Vickery, U. S. Navy, Commissioner, U. S. Maritime Commission, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Technical Committee (Design & Accident_ Prevention Measures)--James L Bates, Dir., Technical Div., U. S. Maritime Commission, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Ship Inspection Committee and U. S. Government Bureaus--Capt. R. S. Field, U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Committee on Education and Training of Ship Personnel--Telfair Knioht, War Shipping Administration, Washington, D. C. tAi elected by delegate* In Congrew Session Marine Section .387 TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 5, 1943 Presiding: Byron 0. Pickard, Chief Safety Engineer. Waterfront Employers Association of the Pacific Coast, Sau Francisco. The Security of Vessels in Port CAPTAIN NORMAN B. HALL Chief, Port Security Division, U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. In order to obtain maximum security and efficiency, the Port Security activities of the Coast Guard have been closely coordinated with the work of other gov ernment and private agencies directly or between these two factors. Our object has been to attain the maximum possible security, without impairing the operation of our vessel and port facilities. indirectly concerned with similar prob Today, no person is permitted on a lems. In Washington we maintain close vessel or waterfront facility unless he liaison and cooperation with the Army possesses a Coast Guard identification and Navy, the Department of Justice, the Office of Petroleum Administrator, for War and the Office of Civilian Defense,' as well as with private agencies such as the National Safety Council, the American card. In addition, all operators of water front facilities have been urged by the Coast Guard to institute pass systems. A simple yet effective system has been sug gested by the Coast Guard and adopted Petroleum Institute, the Bureau of Explo by large numbers of operators. sives, the National Board of Fire Under To prevent person from approaching writers, the National Fire Protection As waterfront facilities and vessels from the sociation and others. We have also en waterside, the Coast Guard has relied upon couraged the Captains of the Port to two measures. First, it has maintained coordinate their activities with those of constant small boat patrols of all harbor other agencies in the various ports, and areas. Secondly, all boats must obtain in several there have been established movement and departure licenses from the formal coordinating committees consisting Captain of the Port. We have found that of representatives of all public and private the combination of the Coast Guard iden agencies whose work relates to the pro tification card system and the vessel tection of ports and shipping. Our ob license system enables us to maintain a ject has been to remove all friction and substantially effective control of the ap unnecessary duplication; and to insure proach of persons to vital facilities from that all available personnel and facilities the waterside, as well as from the land- are assigned in such manner as to insure side. their maximum utilization and the opti Combating Fire mum security of our ports and vessels. Injury to vessels and port facilities may Security and Efficiency In instituting port security measures, the Coast Guard has always attempted to balance two factors: the first is the need lor thorough and effective port security measures. We have recognized, however, that the need for maximum security must he balanced against another factor, which is the need to maintain the output and eficiency of ports and their facilities at a maximum. Our security measures have keen designed to insure a proper balance result from accident, negligence or sabo tage. Irrespective of the cause, however, the most common and dangerous means of injury is by fire. Realizing the necessity of combating fires if adequate port secur ity is to be maintained, the Coast Guard has been taking steps to prevent fires and to combat and limit any waterfront fires which may occur. In every port, water front facilities have been surveyed by Coast Guard officers to determine the existence of fire hazards. In almost every case, these hazards have been voluntarily 384 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 Chairman, Committee on Operations of Liners and Cargo Vessels--Captain Logan Cresap, Isthmian Steampship Co., New York, N. Y. Chairman, Stevedoring Committee--John W. McGrath, Jr., John W. McGrath Corp., New York, N. Y. Chairman, Statistics and Contests Committee--Benjamin H. Self, The Travelers Insur ance Co., New York, N. Y. Chairman, Poster Committee--John Wright, American Export Lines, Inc., Jersey City, N.J. Assistant Chairman, Poster Committee--A. T. Johnsen, American Export Lines, Inc., New York, N. Y. Chairman, Publicity and Publications Committee--Harold J. Harding, "Marine Progress," New York, N. Y. Chairman, Engineering and Minimum Standards Committee--A. J. Smith, Marine Office of America, New York, N. Y. Chairman, Tankers Committee--James E. Moss, The Atlantic Refining Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Chairman, U. S. Navy Yards Safety Committee--E. B. Landry, U. S. Navy, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Maritime Associations Committee--Frank C. Gregory, Waterfront Employers' Association of San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif. Special Maritime Advisor--Professor H. L. Seward, Yale University, School of Engineer ing, New Haven, Conn. SPECIAL GOVERNMENT COMMITTEES FOR SAFETY IN NATIONAL DEFENSE, SHIPBUILDING, INSPECTIONS, AND PERSONNEL TRAINING Chairman, Naval Committee for Safely in National Defense--Rear Admiral C. W. Fisher, U. S. Navy, Washington, L). C. Chairman, Nero Ship Design and Construction Committee--Rear Admiral H. L. Vickery, U. S. Navy, Commissioner, U. S. Maritime Commission, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Technical Committee, (Design and Accident Prevention Measures)--James L. - Bates, U. S. Maritime Commission, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Ship Inspections Committee and U. S. Government Bureaus--Captain R. S. Field, U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Committee on Education and Traininq of Ship Personnel--Telfair Knight, War Shipping Administration, Washington, D. C. Marine Section 385 Officers 1943-1944f - General Chairman--W. C. Garbutt, Pittsburgh Steamship Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Vice-General Chairman--Carter Kendall, Bethlehem Steel Company, Bethlehem, Pa. Advisory Committee (Past General ChairmenJ-- Carl E. Holmes, Marsh & McLennan, Inc., New York, N. Y. Byron O. Pickard, Waterfront Employers' Association of the Pacific Coast, San Francisco, California. Capt. Edward C. Holden, Jr., United States P. & I. Agency, Inc., New York, N. Y. Capt. E. W. Fiske, Jr., Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc., New York, N. Y. John S. Hunter, The Atlantic Refining Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Capt. Frank H. Cocan, The Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R. Company, Hoboken, N. J. Arthur M. Tode, Consulting Engineer, 17 Battery Place, New York, N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Executive Committee Acthhties in New York)--Willard F. Jones, Gulf Oil Corp., New York, N. Y. Assistant GeneraI Chairman (Membership)--E. P. Herc.es, U. S. Employees' Compensa tion Commission, Washington, D. C. Assistant General Chairman (Ship Construction and Repair)--William E. Lawrence, New York Shipbuilding Corporation, Camden, New Jersey. dirt.flout General Chairman (Marine Industrial Relations)--T. E. Buchanan, The Texas Company, New York. N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Public Relations)--Cornelius H. Callaghan, Maritime Association of the Port of New York, New York, N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Posters)--A. H. Schroder, Freeport Sulphur Company, Port Sulphur, La. Vice-Chairman (Posters)--Ralph E. Hubbard, Walter Butler Shipbuilders, Inc., Superior, Wisconsin. Secretary--Harold M. G. Wick, American Bureau of Shipping, New York, N. Y. Editor, Marine Notes Letter--Capt. Henry Blackstone, United States P. & I. Agency, Inc., San Francisco, California. Assistant Editor, Marine News Letter--E. F. Lange, Bethlehem-Alameda Shipyard, Ala meda, California. Admiralty and Maritime Counsellor--Harry Eidenbach, 111 John St., New York, N. Y. Chairman, Coastal Regions--Vice Admiral R. R. Waf.schf., Commandant, U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. Assistant Chairman, Coastal Regions--Capt. (E) H. N. Perham, District Coast Guard Engineer, Third Naval District, New York, N. Y. Director, Atlantic Region--Theodore Gf.iser, Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Com pany, Kearny, New Jersey. Assistant Director, Atlantic Region--John M. Tubbs, Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company, Newport News, Virginia. Director, Gulf Region--Joseph F. 7,ucca, Consolidated Steel Corp., Orange, Texas. Assistant Director, Gulf Region--E. P. Richard, Mississippi Shipping Co., Hibernia Bank Bldg., New Orleans, La. Director, Pacific Region--James E. McDonald, Permanente Metals Corp., Richmond, California. Assistant Director, Pacific Region--S. T. Smith, Consolidated Steel Corporation, Los Angeles, California. Director, Great Lakes Region--A. T. Wood, Lake Carriers' Association, Cleveland, Ohio. Director, Canadian Region--John W. McGiffin, Canada Steamship Lines, Ltd., Mon treal, P. Q., Canada. Director, Ohio River Region--G. O. Griffin, Dravo Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. Assistant Director, Ohio River Region--J. E. Jackman, McCrady-Rodgers Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. Director, All Inland Waterways--Lloyd A. Blanchard. Safety & Accident Prevention Branch, Corps of Engineers, U. S. A., Washington, D. C. ,w> 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 SPECIAL SERVICE COMMITTEES Chairman, Committee for the Advancement of the American Merchant Marine--Rea* Admiral Emory S. Land, U. S. Navy (Rtd.), Chairman, U. S. Maritime Commission, ' Washington, D. C. j Chairman, Committee on Operations of Liners and Cargo Vessels--Caft. Logan Cresap, i Isthmian Steamship Co., New York, N. Y. i Chairman, Stevedoring Committee--John W. McGrath, Jr, John W. McGrath Corp., ChNaeirwmaYno, Srkt.atNis.ticYs. & Contests Committee--Benjamin H. Self, The Travelers Insurance ,' Co., New York, N. Y. 1 Vice-Chairman, Statistics & Contests Committee--Irvin L. Hagrmann, Tampa Ship- ] building Company, Inc., Tampa, Florida. J Chairman, Publicity and Publications Committee--Harold J. Harding, Editor, "Marine 1 Progress," 95 Broad Street, New York, N. Y. 1 Vice-Chairman, Publicity and Publications Committee--R. C. Brandon, Seattle-Tacoms j Shipbuilding Corporation, Tacoma,Washington. ' Chairman, Engineering and Minimum Standards Committee--A. J. Smith, Marine Office 5 of America, New York, N. Y. Chairman, Tankers Committee--James E. Moss, The Atlantic Refining Company, Phila delphia. Pa. Vice-Chairman, U. S. Navy Yards Safety Committee--E. B. Landry, Shore , Establish;: ments Div., Navy Dept, Washington, D. C. ' " Chairman, Maritime Associations Committee--Frank C. Grf.gory, Waterfront Employer^ i Association of San Francisco, San Francisco, California. 4m1 Special Maritime Advisor--Professor H. L. Seward, Yale University, School of EngL a neering. New Haven, Conn. tg Assistant Chairman (Programs, Meetings and Conventions)--Harold J. Segrave, Mine 1 Safety Appliances Co, New York, N. Y. 1 SPECIAL GOVERNMENT COMMITTEES FOR SAFETY IN NATIONAL DEFENSE, SHIPBUILDING, INSPECTIONS, AND PERSONNEL TRAINING . Chairman, Naval Committee for Safety in National Defense--Rear Admiral C. W. FisnatS U. S. Navy, Dir. of Shore Establishments, Navy Department, Washington, D. G m Chairman, Neve Ship Design and Construction Committee--Rear Admiral H. L. Vicura| U. S. Navy, Commissioner, U. S. Maritime Commission, Washington, D. C. 'm Chairman, Technical Committee (Design & Accident Prevention Measures)---Jamrs Uj Bates, Dir, Technical Div, U. S. Maritime Commission, Washington, D. C. j Chairman, Ship Inspection Committee and U. S. Government Bureaus--Capt. R. S. FnaAJ U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. ChWairamr aSnh, ipCpoimngmiAttdeeminonistEradtuiocna,tioWnasahnidngTtorna,inDin.g Co. f Ship Personnel--Telfair KnionJu tA elected by delete In CongreM Seeelon Marine Section 387 TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 5, 1943 Presiding: Byron O. Pickard, Chief Safety Engineer, Waterfront Employers Association of the Pacific Coast, San Francisco. The Security of Vessels In Port CAPTAIN NORMAN B. HALL Chief, Port Security Division, U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. ... uiuvi iu uuiam maximum security and efficiency, the Port Security activities of the Coast Guard have been closely coordinated with the work of other gov ernment and private agencies directly or indirectly concerned with similar prob between these two factors. Our object has been to attain the maximum possible security, without impairing the operation of our vessel and port facilities. Today, no person is pei nitted on a lems. In Washington we maintain close vessel or waterfront facility unless he liaison and cooperation with the Army *nd Navy, the Department of Justice, the Office of Petroleum Administrator, for War and the Office of Civilian Defense, as well as with private agencies such as the National Safety Council, the American Petroleum Institute, the Bureau of Explo- possesses a Coast Guard identification card. In addition, all operators of water front facilities have been urged by the Coast Guard to institute pass systems. A simple yet effective system has been sug gested by the Coast Guard and adopted by large numbers of operators. rves, the National Board of Fire Under writers, the National Fire Protection As sociation and others. We have also en couraged the Captains of the Port to coordinate their activities with those of `ier agencies in the various ports, and several there have been established ~uial coordinating committees consisting if representatives of all public and private "`Tencies whose work relates to the pro- ction of ports and shipping. Our ob ject has been to remove all friction and RRttecessary duplication; and to insure 'at all available personnel and facilities it assigned in such manner as to insure To prevent person from approaching waterfront facilities and vessels from the waterside, the Coast Guard has relied upon two measures. First, it has maintained constant small boat patrots of all harbor areas. Secondly, all boats must obtain movement and departure licenses from the Captain of the Port. We have found that the combination of the Coast Guard iden tification card system and the vessel license system enables us to maintain a substantially effective control of the ap proach of persons to vital facilities from the waterside, as well as from the landside. fbrir maximum utilization and the opti. security of our ports and vessels. Combating Fire Injury to vessels and port facilities may Security and Efficiency In instituting port security measures, Coast Guard has always attempted to _ce two factors: the first is the need thorough and effective port security 'ares. We have recognized, however, the need for maximum security must balanced against another factor, which the need to maintain the output and !~acy of ports and their facilities at limum. Our security measures have . designed to insure a proper balance result from accident, negligence or sabo tage'. Irrespective of the cause, however, the most common and dangerous means of injury is by fire. Realizing the necessity of combating fires if adequate port secur ity is to be maintained, the Coast Guard has been taking steps to prevent fires and to combat and limit any waterfront fires which may occur. In every port, water front facilities have been surveyed by Coast Guard officers to determine the existence of fire hazards. In almost every case, these hazards have been voluntarily ,12nd National Safety Congress, t9'h 420 therefore, the time to get the safety idea into his mind is when he is eager to learn about his new job. Remind the new worker of these important work factors before he actually goes to work. just going on the payroll for the first time. This includes the employee loaned to an other department. Although this trans feree is an experienced and safe worker on his own job, he goes into the new de partment as a new worker. Turned over I have found more than one instance to an experienced worker who follows the where an older employee has kidded new foreman's job-training method, he will workers into an injury, in violation of learn the right way to do the job from a safe production practice. At a time when skilled worker who has developed a sense we hear much about seniority of job of responsibility toward job performance rights, wouldn't it be encouraging if we without injury. The pride of accomplish could hear more about seniority of job ment in avoiding injury to himself on his responsibility? I believe our war on acci job is the seniority of job responsibility dents will be stimulated into results of developed within himself that prompts him life-saving proportions if we level off and to teach the new worker the way his job let go a hatch-load of bomb-sighted block must be learned to avoid injury. Seniority busters in that direction! of job responsibility, as an added objective Training for Transfer Employees In using the term new worker, the meaning is not restricted to the employee in our training for safety, certainly seems to be a worthwhile target for each of us to include in our plans for the year ahead. Metals Section Officers 1942-1943 General Chairman--R. H. Ferguson, Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio. Vice-Chairmen--John P. O'Rourk, Bethlehem Steel Co., Maryland Plant, Sparrows Point, Md. Earl Fyler, Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp., Gary, Ind. Secretary and News Letter Editor--Jacob L. Ridinger, Inland Steel Co., East Chicago, Ind. Contest Committee--H. L. Rf.brassier (Chairman), Wheeling Steel W. Va. D. V. Medalif., Interlake Iron Corp., Chicago, III. . P. R. McMahon, Superior Steel Corp., Carnegie, Pa. Clarence A. Miller, Chase Brass & Copper Co., Waterbury, Conn. Corp., Wheeling, Engineering Committee--F. O. Miller (Chairman), Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp., Pitts burgh, Pa. J. P. Gatherum, Great Lakes Steel Corp., Ecorse, Mich. F. R. Hendf.rer, Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. C. S. Phillips, Revere Copper & Brass, Inc., Rome, N. Y. Foundry Committee--John P. Leonard (Chairman), Blaw-Knox Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. *H. E. Hensel, Youngstown Sheet St Tube Co., Chicago, III. H. S. Simpson, Caterpillar Tractor Co., Peoria, III. Health Committee--Dr. A. G. Kammf.r (Chairman), Inland Steel Co., Indiana Harbor, Ind. Dr. J. H. Chivers, Crane Co., Chicago, III. Dr. T. Lyle Hazlett, Westinghouse Electric St Manufacturing Co., East Pittsburgh, Pa. Membership Committee--C. D. Dorworth (Chairman), Alan Wood Steel Co., Conshohocken, Pa. T. O. Armstrong, Westinghouse Electric St Manufacturing Co., Springfield, Mass. J. N. Mahan, Continental Steel Corp., Kokomo, Ind. Foster Committee--N. B. MacHose (Chairman). Bethlehem Steel Co., Lackawanna, N. Y. C. A. Bianchi, H. H. Robertson Co., Ambridgc, Pa. F. J. Conroy, Union Carbide St Carbon Corp., Niagara Falls, N. Y. T. R. Smith, Republic Steel Corp., Youngstown, Ohio. trogram Committee--Frank W. Kixsey (Chairman), Jones St Laughlin Aliquippa, Pa. J. F. Collins, Youngstown Sheet St Tube Co., Youngstown, Ohio. E. E. Grf.ene. The Timken Roller Bearing Co., Canton, Ohio. Steel Corp., hilicily Committee--E. A. Ei.lis (Chairman), Wheeling Steel Corp., Wheeling, W. Va. M. W. Dundore, Beloit Iron Works, Beloit, Wis. W. J. Hooee, Chase Brass 8t Copper Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Homer L. Rocers, Sheffield Steel Corp., Kansas City, Mo. vy Car Builders Committee--P. J. Brand (Chairman), Pullman-Standard Car Manuheturing Co., Pullman, Chicago, III. "lies Committee--H. H. Henry (Chairman), Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio. J. M. Brooks, Miehle Printing Press St Manufacturing Co., Chicago, 111. J. A. Coltrin, The National Radiator Co., Johnstown, Pa. 421 422 32vJ National Safety Congress, IMS Members at Large-- C. M. Allf.n, The American Rolling Mill Co., Middletown, Ohio. *E. F. Blank, Jones & Laugldin Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. Irvin A. Brinkman, Mackintosh-Hemphill Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. *K. A. Chaffin, Continental Steel Corp., Kokomo, Ind. *J. \i. C'ui.i.iNF.Y, Bethlehem Steel Corp., Bethlehem, Pa. *H. W. Darr, Bethlehem Steel Corp., Johnstown, Pa. John P. Kin, American Steel Si Wire Co., Chicago, III. (force 1. Fonda, Weirton Steel Co., Weirton, W. Va. *H. J. Griffith, Jones & l.aughliu Steel Corp.. Pittsburgh, Pa. S. K. Hawkf.s, Macwbyte Co., Kenosha, Wis. F. A. Laukrman, Consolidated Vultee Aireralt Corp.. San l)ieg< Calif- *J. A. Northwood, Bethlehem Steel Corp., Sparrows Point, Md. J. A. Oartf.i., C. S. Department of Labor, Pittsburgh, Pa. Rohf.rt L. Schmitt, Louisville Car Wheel & Railway Sutiply Co.. Louisville, Ky. II. J. Sidereb, Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co., Fast Chicago. Ind. J. A. Voss, Republic Steel (.'orp., Cleveland, Ohio. General Chairman Officers 1943*1944+ General Chairman--J. P. O'Rourk, Bethlehem Steel Corp., Sparrows Point, Md. Vice-Chairmen--Earl Fyi.f.r, Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp., Gary, Ind. Jacob L. Ridinger, Inland Steel Co., East Chicago, Ind. . Secretary and News Letter Editor--Frank W. Kelsf.y, Jones and Laughlin Steel Corp., Aliquippa, Pa. Contest Committee--H. L. Rebrarsier (Chairman), Wheeling Steel Corp., Wheeling, W. Va. E. E. Greene, The Timken Roller Bearing Co., Canton, Ohio. J. N. Mahan, Continental Steel Corp., Kokomo, Ind. Engineering Comntitfee--*J. E. Culi.inf.y (Chairman), Bethlehem Steel Corp., Bethle hem, Pa. Howard Holland, Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co.. East Chicago, Ind. H. S. Simpson, Caterpillar Tractor Co., Peoria, III. Foundry Committee--H. H. Henry (Chairman), Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp,, Cleveland^ Ohio. L. S. Adams, Continental Roll and Steel Foundry Co., East Chicago, Ind. L. J. Armstrong, Campbell, Wyant and Cannon Foundry, Muskegon, Mich. J. R. Cox, Fairbanks Morse & Co., Beloit, Wis. Health Committee--Dr. J. H. Chivers (Chairman), Crane Co., Chicago, III. Dr. R. J. Bennett. Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp., Chicago, III. Dr. R. C. Engel, Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio. Dr. A. G. Kam MFjt, Inland Steel Co., E. Chicago, Ind. Membership Committee--J. F. Coli.ins (Chairman), Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co, YoPuanugsltoEw.nG, Oruhniod.man, Rustless Iron and Steel Corp., Baltimore, Md. *. Homer L. Rogers, Sheffield Steel Corp., Kansas City, Mo. Off-the-Job Accidents Committee--Paul C. Kauffman (Chairman), Jones and I-aughh Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. J. J. Boughey, Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp., Chicago, III. M. W. Dunuorf., Reloit Iron Works, Beloit, Wis. Metals Section 4 I'nster Committee--T. R. Smiiii (Chairman), Republic Sleel Corp., Youngstown, Oh T. (). Armstrong. Supvr., Wrstinghouse Electric & Mfg. Co., Springfield, Mass. E. J. Sterner, Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa. I'rtigrom Committee--N. B. MacHosf, (Chairman), Bethlehem Steel Co., Lackawanna, N. J. M. Brooks, Michlc Printing Press Sc Mfg. Co., Chicago, 111. C. D. Dorworth, Alan Wood Steel Co., Conshohocken, Pa. A. E. I.OUT7.F.NHEISKR, Republic Steel Co., Canton, Ohio. Publicity Committee--J. P. Leonard (Chairman), Ulaw-Knox Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. J. A. Coltrin, The National Radiator Co., Johnstown, Pa. M. C. Cunningham, Republic Steel Corp., Alabama City, Ala. C. S. Phillips, Revere Clipper & Brass, Inc.. Rome, N. Y. Kaitxvay Car lluilders Committee Chairman 1'. J. Brand, Pullman-Standard Car Ml Co., Chicago, III. Statistics Committee--E. A. Ellis (Chairman), Wheeling Steel Corp., Wheeling, W. Y C. A. Bianciii, H. H. Robertson Co., Anibridge, Pa. F. J. Conroy, Union Carbide & Carbon Corp., Niagara Falls, N. Y. F. R. Hf.ndkrer, Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. Visual Education Committee-- Charles L. Wagner (Chairman), Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp., Duquesne, Pa. *R. H. Ferguson, Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio. *H. G. Hensel, Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co., Chicago, III. Mcinbers-at-Largc-- *C. M. Allen, The American Rolling Mill Co., Middletown, Ohio. *E. F. Blank, Jones & laughlin Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. Irvin A. Brinkman, Mackintosh-Hemphill Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. *R. A. Chaffin, Dir., Continental Steel Corp., Kokomo, Ind. *H. W. Darr, Bethlehem Steel Corp., Johnstown, Pa. John P. Eib, American Steel Si Wire Co., Chicago, III. George T. Fonda, Weirton Steel Co., Weirton, W. Va. *H. J. Griffith, Jones Si Laughlin Steel Orp., Pittsburgh, Pa. S. E. Hawkes, Macwbyte Company, Kenosha, Wis. *F. A. Lauerman, Consolidated Vultee Aircraft Corp., San Diego, Calif. *J. A. Northwooo, Bethlehem Steel Corp., Sparrows Point, Md. J. A. Oartrl, U. S. Dept, of Labor, Pittsburgh, Pa. Robert L, Schmitt, Louisville Car Wheel & Railway Supply Co., Louisville, Ky. *H. J. Spoerer, Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co., East Chicago, Ind. . *J. A. Voss, Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland 1, Ohio. "P*t General Chairman IAj elected by delegates in Congress Session Mining Section Officers 1942-1943 General Chairman--John Treweek, Homestake Mining Co., Lead, S. D. First Vice-Chairman--M. L. Coulter, Clearfield Bituminous Coal Corp., Indiana, Pa. Second Vice-Chairman--C. M. Fellman, The Montreal Mining Co., Montreal, Wis. Third Vice-Chairman--C. E. McKnight, Lake Shore Gold Mines, Ltd., Kirkland Lake, Ont., Canada. ' Secretary and News Letter Editor--Daniel Harrington, U. S. Bureau of Mines, V^,ash ington, D. C. Entertainment Committee Chairman--J. T. Ryan, Jr., Mine Safety Appliances Co., Pitts burgh, Pa. Membership Committee Chairman--'Cadwallader Evans, Jr., The Hudson Coal Co., Scranton, Pa. . Program Committee Chairman--J. J. Forbes, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C. Members at Large-- J. W. Alt, Calumet & Hecla Consolidated Copper Co., Calumet, Mich. *P. M. Arthur, American Zinc Co. of Tennessee, Mascot, Tenn. Fred E. Bedale, Consolidation Coal Co., Inc., Fairmont, W. Va. John L. Boardman, Anaconda Copper Mining Co., Butte, Mont. *Angus D. Campbell, McIntyre Porcupine Mines, Ltd., Schumacher, Ont., Canada. *L. C. Campbell, The Koppers Coal Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. *W. H. Comins, Baroid Sales Div., National Lead Co., Texarkana, Texas. *R. Dawson Hall, "COAL AGE" McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., Inc., New York, N. Y. y:l H. T. Harper, Tennessee Copper Co., Copperhill, Tenn. '\X *W. D. Haselton, Pickands Mather & Co., Duluth, Minn. *H. C. Henrie. Phelps Dodge Corp., Bisbee, Ariz. `5 Thomas E. Lightfoot, The Koppers Coal Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. George Martinson, Pickands Mather & Co., Cleveland, Ohio. C. E. McKnight, Lake Shore Gold Mines, Ltd., Kirkland Lake, Ont., Canada, v 'William G. Metzger, The Hudson Coal Co., Scranton, Pa. D. D. Moffatt, Utah Copper Co., Salt Lake City, Utah. V. 0. Murray, The Union Pacific Coal Co., Rock Springs, Wyoming R. H. Seip, The New Jersey Zinc Co., Franklin, N. J. L. T. Sicka, St. Joseph Lead Co., Bonne Terre, Mo. Howard I. Young, American Zinc Lead & Smelting Co., St. Louis, Mo. : General Chairman 447 448 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 Officers 1943-1944f General Chairman--John Treweek, Homestake Mining Co., Lead, S. D. First Vice-Chairman--M. L. Coulter, Clearfield Bituminous Coal Corp., Indiana, Pa. Second Vice-Chairman--C. M. Fellman, The Montreal Mining Co., Montreal, Wis. Third Vice-Chairman--C. E. McKnight, Lake Shore Gold Mines, Ltd., Kirkland Lake, Out, Canada. Secretory and Nnvs Letter Editor--Daniel Harrington, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Wash ington, D. C. Entertainment Committee Chairman--J. T. Ryan, Jr., Mine Safety Appliances Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Membership Committee Chairman--*Cadwallader Evans, Jr., The Hudson Coal Co., Scranton, Pa. Program Committee Chairman--J. J. Forbes, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. G Members at Large-- J. W. Alt, Calumet & Hecla Consolidated Copper Co., Calumet, Mich. . *P. M. Arthur, American Zinc Co. of Tennessee, Mascot, Tenn. John L. Boardman, Anaconda Copper Mining Co., Butte, Mont. Angus D. Campbell, McIntyre Porcupine Mines, Ltd., Schumacher, Ont., Canada. L. C. Campbell, The Koppers Coal Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. *W. H. Comins, Baroid Sales Div., National Lead Co, Texarkana, Texas. R. Dawson Hall, "Coal Age," McGraw-Hill Publishing Co, Inc, New York, N. Y. H. T. Harpfr, Supt, Tennessee Copper Co, Copperhill, Tenn. *W. D. Haselton, Pickands Mather & Co, Duluth, Minn. *H. C. Henrif, Phelps Dodge Corp, Bisbee, Ariz. Thomas E. Lightpoot, The Koppers Coal Div, Eastern Gas & Fuel Associates, Pitts burgh, Pa. George Martinson, Pickands Mather & Co, Geveland, Ohio. Willliam G. Metzger, The Hudson Coal Co, Scranton, Pa. D. D. Mofpatt, Utah Copper Co, Salt Lake City, Utah. V. O. Murray, The Union Pacific Coal Co, Rock Springs, Wyoming. ; R. H. Seip, The New Jersey Zinc Co, Franklin, N. J. L. T. Sicka, St. Joseph Lead Co, Bonne Terre, Mo. ^ Howard I. Young, American Zinc Lead & Smelting Co, St. Louis, Mo. Past General Chairman t Aa elected br delegates In Congress Session Mining Section TUESDAY ALTER NOON' SESSION October 5, 1943 44 Presiding: General Chairman, John Treweek, Safety Engineer, Homestake Mining Com pany, Lead, S. D. Accidents from Roof Falls in Coal Mines and Metal Mines -- Statistical Analysis W. W. ADAMS Supervising Statistician, Bureau of Mines, U. S. Dept, of the Interior In numerical importance, roof falls in coal mines occupy first attention because most of the deaths and injuries from acci dents of this type occur in coal mines. Roof falls in coal mines cause about 625 deaths and 15,000 injuries yearly. Of this, total, more than 500 fatalities and nearly 12.000 injuries occur in bituminous mines; the remainder, or about 100 fatalities and 3.000 injuries, occur in the anthracite mines of Pennsylvania. The total for Valley that produce lead and zinc. Copper mines rank third from the highest of the major classes of mines from a fall-of-roof standpoint. Lead and zinc mines in the Mississippi Valley states rank fourth. Ranking best is iron-ore mining, for which the rates are less than half and sometimes only a third as high as the corresponding rates for some of the other major classes of mines. metal mines is between 50 and 75 deaths and about 2,200 injuries per year. In proportion to the number of ac cidents underground, roof falls cause 50 per cent of all deaths and 30 per cent of all juries in bituminous coal mines; 60 per tent of the deaths and 20 per cent of the injuries in Pennslyvania anthracite mines; Rad 40 per cent of the deaths and 20 per cent of the injuries in metal mines. Mining Methods and Falls Comparable figures for falls of roof by mining methods are available beginning with 1936. Starting with 1936 and ending with 1941, the rates for top-slicing have ranged from 4l/i to 7 accidents per million man-hours of work underground. Rates of the past several years have been higher than those of the first part of the short period for which comparable rates are - Classification of Mines available, but they are still lower and more To obtain a broad as well as a clear view if our subject, let us examine it from eral angles. First, let us consider roof- injuries during the 11 years, 1931 to II, by classes of mines in which the falls ecur, classifying the mines according to Ik kinds of minerals produced. As al- Mdy stated, most falls occur in coal favorable than the rates for other mining methods. Sublevel caving also has favorable acci dent rates. This method ranks next to top-slicing from a low-accideut-rate point of view. Sublevel caving is here repre sented mainly by iron-ore mining in Michigan. ":s; but this is largely to he expected A close third for the best accident-rate Zuse coal mines employ more men than showing is supplied by open-stope mines. other branch of the mineral industry. Examples of open stoping are afforded by Is not the only reason, however, for lead-zinc mines in the Kansas and Okla bning coal mines first; these mines homa area, some iron mines in Alabama have the highest accident-frequency and some gold-silver mines in the far west. from roof falls per million tiiinof employment. Next to coal, ranks (roup of metal mines that produce Or silver; but this group includes mines outside of the Mississippi Fourth position from the best is occu pied by mines that use shrinkage methods. This group is represented largely by some gold-silver mines in Colorado and Nevada, and the group as a whole has made good 4X6 '*(/ Xational Safety Congress, 1943 ferent results, depending on whether they Coat of Training place the emphasis on proficiency in first aid, or on accident prevention. In the firat two fields, emphasis on accident prevention will obtain far more beneficial rrecssuulitls tthiiann emphas...i.s......o...n., p. roficiency; and it is believed that every effor^t should be made to use the training as a stimulus to safety consciousness. In the third field, it is probable that safety consciousness is inspired by other activities and it may be desirable to emphasize proficiency. Perhaps the principal fault of first aid training lies in repetition. One and even two such courses can maintain interest, but when tnhe course is riceopr eca* tIVeUd tmhrIet-eV owr. more times on an annual basis, it tends to become monotonous, losing its punch. Since first aid manuals are not ordinarily The va|ue of first aid trajnjng as a safety incentive cannot fairly he estab- fished without some counting of the cost, prevailing mine wages and under the present wage regulations, a minimum cost of $20.00 per man can be expected. Shortage of labor makes it undesirable to conduct such training during working hours and it must, therefore, be conducted on an overtime basis. Even when it is realized that this amount might be saved if one fatal accident were prevented, there will be difficulty in convincing an opera tor of a mine employing, say 250 men, that he should add $5000 to the current 1c_0o8s1t OoIf training. hllliI-st snaa-lsfaeoty1isp1rcoeg.rr-ta-a--m-i-n--lyf.o..djr:ifff:iic_rs_ut1lt,aiIidtf not impossible, to prove that any accident has been prevented by one safety activity, revised for several years, and revision then is not extensive, this situation will continue to prevail. There is a definite need for variety in first aid training and it could be obtained by developing an advanced course. This advanced course need not depart from the basic subjects covered but would involve some change in teaching methods. For example, if men who had completed first aid training one or more times were given an advanced course covering the same field but dis guised in the form otf team training, the monotony of the work would' Lbe-g--r-e--atly Thus, wili]e first aid training, as a sole safety activity or as an introduction to a general safety program, will undoubt- edly "pay-off," it may be difficult to show ltlhtdalt MfilrOslt ua.i.d. _t__r_a___i_nin,g,,, when conducted as part of an extensive safety program, will produce returns in keeping with its cost. Nevertheless, it is the opinion of the writer, that first aid training is one of the most effective single safety activities that can be carried on; and it is encouraging to note that some organized labor groups rreeccooggnniizzee sponsor or ti.h..ias to t_h_e encourage t rae__xin_te_i:n-_-n--g-t-~~ct-ahviraarktierl dtrhneoyn relieved. independent of the employer. Paper and Pulp Section Officers 1942-1943 General Chairman--Roland W. Richardson, The Gardner-Richardson Co., Lockland, Ohio. Vice-Chairman in Charge of Membership--J. Fred Berry, Alton Box Board Co., Alton, 111. Secretary--L. R. Simpson, The Brown Paper Mill Co., Inc., Monroe, La. Program Committee--L. R. Simpson (Chairman), The Brown Paper Mill G., Inc., Monroe, La. Ernest Augustus, The Mead Corp., Chillicothe, Ohio. O. R. Hartwig, Crown Zellerbach Corp., Portland, Oregon. H. P. Hf.ubner, The Flintkote Co., New York, N. Y. B. J. McClosky, Hoberg Paper Mills, Green Bay, Wis. Rows Letter Editor--Julius A. Draper, Consolidated Paper Corp., Ltd., Grand-Mere, P. Q., Canada. Contest Committee--A. Scott Dowd (Chairman), Fritz Publications, Inc., Chicago, 111. B. D. Rogers, Bird & Son, Inc., East Walpole, Mass. F. H. Rosebush, Nekoosa-Edwards Paper Co., Port Edwards, Wis. Data Sheet Committee--E. F. Troop (Chairman), P. H. Glatfelter Co., Spring Grove, Pa. D. J. Brett, Jr., National Container Corp., Jacksonville, Florida. A. S. Cook. Quebec Pulp & Paper Safety Assn., Quebec, Canada. J. J. Hastings, Port Huron Sulphite & Paper Co., Port Huron, Mich. W. P. Place, Kieckhefer Container Co., Delair, N. J. L. G Smith, Thilmany Pulp & Paper Co., Kaukauna, Wis. I Engineering--Safe Practices Committee--E. A. Page (Chairman), Kimberly-Clark Corp., j Neenah, Wis. E. G. Amos, American Paper & Pulp Assn., New York, N. Y. M. W. Dundore, Beloit Iron Works, Beloit, Wis. James W. Towsen, West Virginia Pulp & Paper Corp., New York, N. Y. A. J. Tuccinardi, The Ohio Boxboard Co., Rittmau, Ohio. H. H. Yoder, Gulf States Paper Corp., Tuscaloosa, Ala. Health Committee--Dr. Louis H. Freciitling (Chairman), Champion Paper & Fibre Co., 1 Hamilton, Ohio. Mrs. Lillian Brewer, Oswego Falls Corp., Fulton, N. Y. Jane Notlf.y, R.N., Allied Paper Mills, Kalamazoo, Mich. Dr. James D. Stark, Hammermill Paper Co., Erie, Pa. lltDlirtfCT Committee Chairman--Fred W. Braun, Employers Mutuals, Wausau, Wis. I legging Operations Representative--J. E. Cantin, Quebec North Shore Paper Co., Baie I Comeau, P. Q., Canada. Iltyer Products Plants Representative--A. J. Basii.e, Lawrence Paper Co., Lawrence, I Kansas. 487 488 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 Safety Instme lion Card Committee--R. W. Crouciier (Chairman), Minnesota & Ontario Paper Co., International Falls, Minn. GJ.. CJ.. BFiietnzgveernaul,dG, aByolowradteCr'osntNaienwerfoCunodrpla.,ndBogPaullupsa8,i LPaa. per Co., Ltd., Corner Brook, Newfoundland. John C. Lavin, St. Croix Paper Co., Woodland, Maine. C. J. Monk, Racquette River Paper Co., Potsdam, N. Y. Arthur E. Winslow, Hollingsworth & Whitney Co., Waterville, Maine. Visual Education Committee--George Gibb (Chairman), Canadian International Paper Co., Gatineau, Que., Canada. R. A. Day, A. P. W. Paper Co., Albany, N. Y. 1 W. G. Etter, River Raisin Paper Co., Monroe, Mich. J. R. Latter, Anglo-Canadian Pulp & Paper Mills, Ltd., Quebec, Canada. Don E. McDowell, Kalamazoo Vegetable Parchment Co., Parchment, Kalamazoo, D.MTic. hM. f.any, New Brunswick International Paper Co., Dalhousic, N. B., Canada. D. A. McAlary, Fraser Companies, Ltd., Edmundston, N. B-, Canada. Fast General Chairmen-- George J. Adams, International Paper Co., Glens Falls, N. Y. Robert M. Altman, Marathon Paper Mills Co., Rothschild, Wis. Major Clayton O. Braatz, AUS, Civilian Personnel Branch, Washington, D, C. D. B. Chant, Ontario Pulp & Paper Makers Safety Assn., Toronto, Ont., Canada. Kenneth L. Faist, The Champion Paper & Fibre Co., Hamilton, Ohio. Walter A. Gleason, Hammermill Paper Co., Erie, Pa. E. E. Grant, The Crystal Tissue Co., Middletown, Ohio. M. G. Hoyman, Kimberly-Clark Corp., Neenah, Wis. G. W. Phillips, The Champion Paper fit Fibre Co., Canton, N. C. J. J. Plzak, Consolidated Water Power & Paper Co., Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. Samuel Pruyn, Finch, Pruyn & Co., Inc., Glens Falls, N. Y. S. F. Shattuck, Kimberly-Clark Corp., Neenah, Wis. George E. Williamson, Strathmore Paper Co., West Springfield, Mass, Officers 1943-1944f General Chairman--J. Fred Berry, Alton Box Board Co., Alton, 111. Vice-Chairman in Charge of Membership--L. R. Simpson, The Brown Paper Mill Co. Inc., Monrot, La. Secretory--E. A. Page, Kimberly-Clark Corp., Neenah, Wis. Program Committee--E. A. Page (Chairman), Kimberly-Clark Corp., Neenah, Wis. Ernest Augustus, The Mead Corp., Chillicothe, Ohio. W. G. Ettf.r, River Raisin Paper Co., Monroe, Mich. H. P. Heubner, The Flintkote Co., New York, N. Y. L. C. Smith, Thilmany Pulp & Paper Co., Kaukauua, Wis. Nrtvs Letter Editor--Julius A. Draper, Consolidated Paper Corp., Ltd:, Grand 'Mere, . P. Q-, Canada. Contest Committee--A. Scott Dowd (Chairman), Fritz Publications, Inc., Chicago, ML W. J. Melville, Nekoosa-Edwards Paper Co., Port Edwards, Wis. B. D. Rogers, Bird & Son, Inc., East Walpole, Mass. Data Sheet Committee--A. J. Basile (Chairman), Lawrence Paper Co., Lawrence, Kami* J. J. Hastings, Port Huron Sulphite & Paper Co., Port Huron, Mich. James M. McGivney, Brown Company, Berlin, N. H. B. K. Wickwirf, Longview Fibre Co., Longview, Wash. H. H. Yoder. Gulf States Paper Corp., Tuscaloosa, Ala. Paper and Pulp Section 489 Engineering-Safe Practices Committee--R. W. Croucher (Chairman), Minnesota & On tario Paper Co., International Falls, Minn. E. G. Amos, American Paper & Pulp Assn., New York, N. Y. M. W. Dundore, Beloit Iron Works, Beloit, Wis. . O. R. Hartwig, Crown Zellerbach Corp., Portland, Ore. E. C. Jacobs, American Mutual Liability Insurance Co., New York, N. Y. G. C. Kerr, Quebec North Shore Paper Co., Baie Comeau, Quebec, Canada. B. J. McCloskey, Hoberg Paper Mills, Green Bav Wis. Health Committee--Dr. Louis H. Frechtling (Chairman), Champion'Paper & Fibre CoT Hamilton, Ohio. Mrs. Lillian Brewer, Oswego Falls Corp., Fulton, N. Y. Dr. James D. Stark, Hammermill Paper Co., Erie, Pa. Safely Instruction Card Comnuttee--E. F. Troop (Chairman), P. H. Glatfelter Co., Spring Grove, Pa. G. J. Bienvenu, Gaylord Container Corp., Bogalnsa, La. A. S. Cook, Quebec Pulp & Paper Safety Assn., Quebec, P. Q., Canada. John C. Lavin, St. Croix Paper Co., Woodland, Maine. C. J. Munk, Racquette River Paper Co., Potsdam, N. Y. Claude J. Urevig, Scott Paper Co., Chester, Pa. Statistics Committee Chairman--Fred W. Braun, Employers Mutuals, Wausau, Wis. Visual Education Committee--George Gibb (Chairman), Canadian International Paper Co., Gatineau, Que., Canada. R. A. Day, A. P. W. Paper Co., Albany, N. Y. Reinold Ganzer, Marathon Paper Mills Co., Rothschild, Wis. . J. R. Latter, Anglo-Canadian Pulp & Paper Mills, Ltd., Quebec, P. Q., Canada. D. A. McAlary, Fraser Companies, Ltd., Edmundston, N. B., Canada. D. T. Meany, New Brunswick International Paper Co., Dalhousie, N. B., Canada. W. B. Place, Kieckhefer Container Co., Delair, N. J. Logging Operations Representative--J. E. Cantin, Quebec North Shore Paper Co., Baie Comeau, P. Q., Canada. Paper Products Plants Representative--A. J. Tuccinarm, The Ohio Boxboard Co., Rittman, Ohio. Post General Chairmen-- George J. Adams, International Paper Co., Glens Falls, N. Y. Rorert M. Altman, Marathon Paper Mills Co., Rothschild, Wis. Major Clayton O. Braatz, AUS, Civilian Personnel Branch, War Dept., Wash ington, D. C. D. B. Chant, Ontario Pulp & Paper Makers' Safety Assn.. Toronto, Ont., Canada. Kenneth L. Faist, The Champion Paper & Fibre Co., Hamilton, Ohio. Walter A. Gleason, Hammermill Paper Co., Erie, Pa. E. E. Grant, The Crystal Tissue Co., Middletown, Ohio. M. G. Hoyman, Kimberly-Clark Corp., Neenah, Wis. ' G. W. Phillips, The Champion Paper & Fibre Co., Canton, N. C, J. J. Plzak, Consolidated Water Power & Paper Co., Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. Samuel Pruyn, Finch, Pruyn & Co,, Inc., Glens Falls, N. Y. Roland W. Richardson, The Gardner-Richardson Co., Lockland, Ohio. S. F. Shattuck, Kimberly-Clark Corp., Neenah, Wis. George E. Williamson, Strathmore Paper Co.. West Springfield, Mass. A electrd by delegates in Congress Session 514 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 throw this question open to the floor. "Has any one present designed, or have in operation a corner cutter guard that will pass Industrial Accident inspection?" MR. MELVILLE: I know of a corner cutter guard the Cornell Wood Products at Cornell, Wisconsin, have, which passes the inspection of the Wisconsin Industrial Commission. They would probably send you a print of it. ferent machines, added one man. At our monthly meeting on safety, the supervisor in that division was asked if he would be willing to give up the individual who takes care of keeping aisles open. He nearly had a fit over it. Under the new condition, this one par ticular division, has had no lost time acci dent in the past six months. Before that, goodness knows, they were having every thing. That's the way this man handled MR. PLZAK: The United States De partment of Labor Safety Department have a detailed specification, a blueprint His problem. MR. ROLAND RICHARDSON: As I understand cooperation from supervision for that particular guard. in the safety department--supervision to THE CHAIRMAN: We will continue me would be the superintendent and fore with "Cooperation from supervision in the man in the department. If there is a bad safety program." MR. M. J. MCCARTHY: If you em phasize the importance of safety to the supervisor through his cost statement, that problem of safety would be licked. If someone in the company, with authority, would tell that particular manager, "Now your job is safety as well as production, and when you hurt a man, 1 am going to take away your chances of promotion, just as if your costs were off" that's about accident in the department, and you re quire that foreman or superintendent go to the man's home and break the news to his wife that "John has gone to the hos pital" that he has a broken leg or some thing, he won't forget it very soon. MR. AUGUSTUS: In some plants it is a practice to make up a budget, showing what you anticipate the cost to be in cer tain departments. How many include in that budget, if you want to call it that, the only way. MISS DOWLING: Isn't this where the records would come in? Good records "cost of accidents." . . . One hand shown. . . . THE CHAIRMAN: Our manager had can prove it. Take the paper and say, "Look, this is how many times this par ticular thing has happened, and how much lost time has been caused, as a result of his eyes opened. I asked him to go over our accident records and figure up the hidden costs so that management and supervision and foremen would get the the accident on this particular hazard." picture. He figured it cost us $894,000. There it is concretely. "It has cost so The general manager and Vice Presi much; how about it?" THE CHAIRMAN: I think one other thing should be added as to the arrange ment of machinery and the manner of their production, the matter of handling safety. We made a complete change of 7 dif dent were sitting right behind me, and Mr. Purdy turned to him and said, "I wish you would just take this paper, figure out what departments are costing you money, and fire the head of the department." Charlie said, "Well that isn't a bad idea. It might have some effect." Petroleum Section Officers 1942-1943 General Chairman--H. T. Markee, Phillips Petroleum Co., Bartlesville, Okla. Vice-Chairman jor Production--J. L. Manes, Sun Oil Co., Dallas, Texas. Vice-Chairman jor Marketing--J. J. Reilly, Tide Water Associated Oil Co., Boston, Mass. Vice-Chairman for Pipe Lines--J. C. Askam, The Ohio Oil Co., Findlay, Ohio. Vice-Chairman for Manufacturing--W. W. Weldon, Standard Oil Co. of La., Baton Rouge, La. A'cii'r Letter Editor--W. A. Allred, Lone Star Gas System, Dallas, Texas. Engineering Committee Chairman--Q. R. Duncan, Cities Service Gas Co., Bartlesville, Okla. Health Committee Chairman--Dr. V. M. Brian, Indian Refining Co., Lawrencevillc, 111. Industrial Data Sheet Committee Chairman -- ]. L. Risinger, Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc., New York, N. Y. Program Committee--The Vice-Chairmen constitute the Program Committee. Publicity Committee Chairman--John C. Ebel, Shell Oil Co., Inc., New York, N. Y. Visual Education Committee Chairman--F. M. Russell, Standard Oil Co. of Calif., Taft, Calif. Atlantic Division Chairman--Roy S. Bonsib, Standard Oil Co. (N, J.), New York, N. Y. Great Lakes Division Chairman--R. T. Henderson, Standard Oil Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Gulf Coast Division Chairman--Lee B. Conner, The Texas Co., Houston, Texas. . Mid-Continent Division Chairman--D. A. Klemmf, Stanolind Oil & Gas Co., Tulsa, Okla. Necv England Division Chairman--Carl J. Meisf.r, Sun Oil Co., Boston, Mass. Off-the-Job Safety Committee Chairman--Roy S. Bonsib, Standard Oil Co. (N. J.), New York, N. Y. Pacific Coast Division, Chairman--W. E. Lovejoy, Standard Oil Co. of Calif., San Fran cisco, Calif. Past General Chairmen-- R. W. Black, Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey, Elizabeth, N. J. H. W. Bocgess, Sinclair Prairie Oil Co., Tulsa, Okla. R. S. Bonsib, Standard Oil Co. (N. J.), New York, N. Y. A. W. Breeland, Lone Star Gas Co., Dallas, Texas. J. H. Brown, Tide Water Associated Oil Co., New York, N. Y. R. E. Donovan, Standard Oil Co. of Calif., San Francisco, Calif. C. L. Hightower, United Gas Pipe Line Co., Shreveport, La. G. O. Lockwood, Continental Casualty Co., Tulsa, Okla. F. R. McLean, White Star-Ohio Div., Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc., Detroit, Mich. Chas. A. Miller, The Texas Co., Houston, Texas. C. J. Nobmann, Shell Oil Co., Inc., Sacramento, Calif. George F. Prussing, LaCrescenta, Calif. R. B. Roaper, Humble Oil & Refining Co., Houston, Texas. E. J. Senne, Baldwin, N. Y. C. W. Smith, Standard Oil Co. (Ind.), Chicago, III. D. J. Wallace, Sinclair Prairie Oil Co.,Tulsa, Okla. Sttretary--D. V. STROor, American Petroleum Institute, New York, N. Y. 515 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 516 ^ Officers 1943-1944f General Chairman--J. L. Risinceh, Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc., New York, N. Y. Vice-Chairman for Production--J. L. Manes, Sun Oil Co., Dallas, Texas. Vice-Chairman for Marketing--A. H. Vineyard, Shell Oil Co., New York 20, N. Y. Vice-Chairman for Pipe Lines--E. K. Alexander, The Texas Company, Tulsa, Oklahoma. Vice-Chairman for Manufacturing--]. C. Askam, The Ohio Oil Co., Findlay, Ohio. Secretary--D. V. Stroop, American Petroleum Institute, New York, N. Y. News Letter Editor--D. A. Klemme, Stanolind Oil & Gas Co., Tulsa, Oklahoma. Contest & Statistics Committee Chairman--J. Willard Lord, Atlantic Refining Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Engineering Committee Chairman--A. J. Gorand, Sun Oil Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Health'Committee Chairman--Dr. V. M. Brian, The Texas Co., Lawrenceville, 111. Industrial Data Sheet Committee Chairman--S. R. Bumann, Atlantic Refining Co., Dallas, Texas. Off-the-Job Safely Committee Chairman--Roy S. Bonsib, Standard Oil Co. (N. J.), New York, N. Y. Program Committee--The Vice-Chairmen constitute the Program Committee. Visual Education Committee Chairman--Frank Harrison, Pure Oil Co., Chicago, III. Atlantic Dwision Chairman--P. J. Jolly, The Texas Co., New York, N. Y. Great Lakes Division Chairman--Wallace Bergen, Toledo Refinery, Standard Oil Co. (Ohio), Toledo, Ohio. Gulf Coast Division Chairman--W. A. Allred, Lone Star Gas System, Dallas, Texas. Mid-Continent Division Chairman--R. J. Lauder, Shell Oil Co., Inc., Tulsa, Okla. New England Division Chairman--Edwin L. Bicknell, Cities Service Oil Co., E. Brain tree, Mass. Pacific Coast Division Chairman--L. F. Knox, General Petroleum Corp. of Calif., Los Angeles, Calif. Past General Chairmen R. W. Black, Standard Oil Co. of N. J., Elizabeth, N. J. H. W. Boggess, Sinclair Prairie Oil Co., Tulsa, Okla. Roy S. Bonsib, Standard Oil Co. (N. J.), New York, N. Y. A. W. Breeland, Lone Star Gas Co., Dallas, Texas. J. H. Brown, Tide Water Associated Oil Co., New York, N. Y. R. E. Donovan. Standard Oil Co. of Calif., San Francisco, Calif. C. L. Hightower, United Gas Pipe Line Co., Shreveport, La. F. R. McLean, Mgr., White Star-Ohio Div., Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc., Detroit, Mich. Chas. A. Miller, The Texas Co., Houston, Texas. R. B. Roaper, Humble Oil & Refining Co., Houston, Texas. C. W. Smith, Standard Oil Co. (Ind.), Chicago, 111. D. J. Wallace, Sinclair Prairie Oil Co., Tulsa, Okla. fA rltrcCrtf by in OmKrr*s Session Petroleum Section TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 5, 1943 Presiding: John C. Askam, Safety Director, The Ohio Oil Co., Findlay, O. 517 Safety as a Management Responsibility WARREN WHITNEY Manager, National Cast Iron Pipe, Division Janies B. Clow A Sons, Birmingham, Ala. The best policed city is not the one in which the police department makes the most arrests. The child who receives the most parental punishment is not neces sarily the best mannered. The best con ducted club is not the one in which the members are bound by rules and regula tions which tend perhaps to make it so cially correct, but blackout the enjoyment of the members. If these things be true, conclusions regarding management's re sponsibilities in safety may perhaps be drawn. Three Definite Phases F.ducation in safe practices, education in knowing how to make any operation more safe is expensive and management, almost without exception, is willing to make the investment. Training in safety in the modern industrial set-up has been recognized as having equal importance with all other types of employee training. Management has come to realize that a little knowledge of safety, like a little smattering of any other type of knowl edge, is a dangerous thing. A full com plement of safety practices makes even a hazardous operation much safer. In looking at safety problems, manage ment must take into consideration its three Definition of Efficiency definite phases. These are education, eco Management believes and fosters the nomics and human relations. Too much theory that economically safety is sound tress upon any of the three will render practice. Management has learned to the program ineffective and worthless. count the cost of accidents both direct and Too often management does not recognize indirect. Management has learned the its responsibilities toward the third phase, ratio of costs and has found that, indi human relations, in building and operating rectly, excessive accidents to men, equip a sound safety program. ment and materials can ruin an otherwise Management for a long time has realized the value of education. Even more poignantly within the past few years of war time operation, has management come to realize that knowledge is invaluable, that training is expensive, that a little profitable business venture. They sub scribe to the definition of efficiency long established as being accurate in its every detail: "Efficiency is doing the job cor rectly the first time, at the lowest possible cost, without accident." "know how" is a definite expeditor. They know that to remove the last two The business executive has seen some of words of this definition is to destroy its his best trained and most intelligent men meaning. leaving for the service of his country, not always with a commission, but with a firm determination to use their abilities and energies against a ruthless enemy which rast be outsmarted, as well as outfought. The effects of the loss of these men has keen tempered by the knowledge that adocated men anywhere are more effective ftan others. Whether it be in designing amachine or slitting a throat, "know how" i needed. Human Relations Recognizing safety as an economically sound policy of American business, man agement must, therefore, look to its third phase, that of human relations, for the success of any safety movement. Lessons can be learned from the cop on the corner, who even in rush periods courteously and politely moves masses through intricate and ever changing patterns of traffic with out the loss of valuable life. Lessons can Rubber Section Officers 1942-1943 Central Chairman--John L. Grider, Gould & Ebcrhardt, Newark, N. J. _ Vice-Chairman in Charge o} Program--Paul Van Cleef, Van Cleef Brothers, Chicago, 111. Secretary--John E. Ixjvas, U. S. Rubber Co., Passaic, N. J. News Letter Editor--Roland Kastell, U. S. Rubber Co., New York, N. Y. Engineering Committee Chairman--T iiomas H. Bovn, The Manhattan Rubber Manufac turing Div., Raybestos-Manhattau, Inc., Passaic, N. J. Health Committee--Dr. W. S. Ash (Chairman), U. S. Rubber Co., Detroit, Mich. Dr. J. Newton Shirley, Arrow Mutual Liability Insurance Co., Newton, Mass. Membership Committee Chairman--Glen D. Cross, The Firestone Tire St Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio. Statistics Committee--John H. Raytkwioi, Scioto Ordnance Plant, U. S. Rubber Co., Marion, Ohio. Members at Large-- *E. W. Beck, U. S. Rubber Co., New York City, N. Y. *R. A. Bullock, Corduroy Rubber Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. Ralph S. Farnum, U. S. Rubber Co., Detroit, Mich. Oliver Hopkins, U. S. Rubber Co.. Providence, R. I. C. F. Horan, Hood Rubber Co, Watertown, Mass. J. M. Kerrigan, U. S. Rubber Reclaiming Co, Inc, Buffalo, N. Y. W. H. MacKay, Dunlop Tire & Rubber Co, Buffalo, N. Y. 1 R. M. Morse, The Firestone Tire & Rubber Co, Akron, Ohio. William Spanton, American Hard Rubber Co, Akron, Ohio. . R. M. Weimer, The Dayton Rubber Manufacturing Co, Dayton, Ohio. Officers 1943-1944f General Chairman--Paul Van Cleef, Van Cleef Bros, Chicago, 111. ' Vice-Chairman in Charge of Program--John E. Lovas, U. S. Rubber Co, Passaic, N. J. Secretary--Roland Kastell, U. S. Rubber Co, New York, N. Y. News Letter Editor--Glen D. Cross, The Firestone Tire & Rubber Co, Akron, Ohio. Engineering Committee Chairman--Thomas H. Bovn, The Manhattan Rubber Mfg. Div, Raybestos-Manhattan, Inc., Passaic, N. J. Health Committee--Dr. J. Newton Shirley (Chairman), Arrow Mutual Liability Insur ance Co., Chestnut Hill, Mass. F. S. Mallette, The Firestone Tire & Rubber Co, Akron, Ohio. B. J. Ficklen, U. S. Rubber Co, Charlotte^ N. C. Membership Committee Chairman--Stanley Wright, Inland Mfg. Div, General Motors Corp, Dayton, Ohio. Members at Large-- *E. W. Beck, U. S. Rubber Co, New York, N. Y. *R. A. Bullock, Corduroy Rubber Co, Grand Rapids, Mich. Ralph S. Farnum, U. S. Rubber Co, Detroit, Mich. John L. Grider, Gould & Eberhardt, Newark, N. J. , Oliver Hopkins, U. S. Rubber Co, Providence, R. I. C F. Horan, Hood Rubber Co, Watertpwn, Mass. J. M. Kerrigan, U. S. Rubber Reclaiming Co, Buffalo, N. Y. W. H. MacKay, Dunlop Tire & Rubber Corp, Buffalo, N. Y. r *R. W. Morse, The Firestone Tire & Rubber Co, Akron, Ohio, ; R. M. Weimer, The Dayton Rubber Mfg. Co, Dayton, Ohio. General Chairman elected by delegates in Congress Session 595 614 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 those who handle bales of Hie finished three of the 27 claims was there a dis ability of more than seven days. In two product occasionally develop contact der claims the disability was nine days each matitis. and in the third, 12 days. It is evident, In order to best illustrate the frequency and distribution as well as the disability resulting from dermatitis, a study has been made of 27 claims from one of our larger plants manufacturing synthetic rubber. These claims were filed during the first eight months of 1943. The disability oc curred between November, 1942 and July I, 1943. The occurrence of these cases by therefore, that the cost of compensation was negligible and the medical expense was very small, many of the cases being seen at the plant hospital only once or twice. The distribution of cases, as far as part of body involved, shows that the derma titis appeared chiefly on the exposed sur faces, that is, hands, forearms, face, and months was as follows: November ............................ 1 December ............................ 3 January .................................. 0 February .............................. 2 March................................... 7 April ..................................... 5 May....................................... 1 June ...................................... 8 neck. In some instances several portions were involved at the same time. For ex ample, hand, forearms, and face or face, neck, and arms. The classification of claims shows that the face was involved in seven claims, neck in four, arms in six, forearms in 14, hands in four, trunk in four, legs and ankles in four, thighs in one. It is interesting to note this distribu tion of cases because, during March and April, an unusual number of cases of der matitis developed among the employees working around a large dryer. Just what caused this dermatitis was difficult to de termine; but all persons in any way sub jected to the fumes or dust in the vicinity seemed to be affected. This even included the cleaning force, composed of both mate and female janitors. It also included a painter working in the vicinity. It was ' concluded that exhaust hoods were neces sary, and the installation of this equip Symptoms and Treatment The type of eruptions, as described in the medical reports, indicates that it ap peared chiefly as a rash or erythema. In most instances the term "dermatitis" was used. In one claim, vesicles were de scribed; in another, folliculitis was de scribed; and in a third case, a maculopapular eruption was mentioned. From this it should probably be concluded that the skin irritation usually occurs in the form of a rash with redness and perhaps small pimples or may occasionally have water blisters or small pustules. ment seemed to solve the problem. Later, however, the painter and one of the janitresses had recurrent attacks of a mild form of dermatitis. The period of disability was usually very short and, in many instances, no time was lost. The treatment prescribed by the at tending physician consisted chiefly in From the standpoint of distribution the 27 cases were reported by the following persons: Utility Men .......................... 7 Solution Mixers.................. 3 Janitors ................................ 9 Mechanics ............................ 1 Reactor Helpers ................ 2 Chemical Engineers .............2 Painters ................................ 2 Chemists .............................. 1 Most of the cases reported were mild as indicated by the claims filed. In only simple lotions or ointments, to which the dermatitis yielded readily, apparently with out any complications. In conclusion, therefore, our experience indicates that the manufacture of synthetic rubber occasionally causes dermatitia among the employees, due largely to ex posure to the various chemicals, especially styrene. The dermatitis occurs on the ex'posed surfaces of the body, in a nuM form, causing little disability and respond ing to the usual treatment for mild dertnn- titis. Steam Railroad Section Officers 1942-1943 General Chairman--F. A. Bogus, Chicago, Rock Island 8t Pacific Railway Co., Chicago, 111. Vice-Chairman--H. A. Daakf, Erie Railroad Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Secretary--M. T. Fulton, Kansas City Southern Railway Co., Kansas City, Mo. News Letter Editors--M. T. Fulton, Kansas City Southern Railway Co., Kansas City, Mo. H. G. Townsend, Kansas City Southern Railway Co., Kansas City, Mo. Program Committee--J. R. Tenney (Chairman), Western Maryland Railway Co., Hagers town, Md. P. F. Buckle, Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co., Chicago, III. H. A. Daake, Erie Railroad Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Membership Committee--G. W. Elste, Jr. (Chairman), Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Co., Baltimore, Md. J. E. Long, The Delaware & Hudson Railroad Corp., Albany, N. Y. Statistics Committee--T. H. Carrow (Chairman), The Pennsylvania Railroad, Philadelphia, Pa. F. R. Bradford, Boston 8c Maine Railroad, Boston, Mass. D. G. Phillips, Wabash Railway Co., St. Louis, Mo. Contest Committee--C. L. LaFountainf. (Chairman), Great Northern Railway Co., St. Paul, Minn. O. F. Gnadinger, Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Railway Co., Joliet, 111. L. R. Palmer (Secretary), Equitable Life Assurance Society of the U. S., New York, N. Y. Poster Committee--E. L. Henry (Chairman), Chicago & Northwestern Railway Co., Chicago, III. G. M. Dempsey, Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Co., Chicago, 111. J. J. Snavely, New York, New Haven & Hartford Railway Co., New Haven, Conn. Sole Practices Pamphlet Committee--W. J. Flannigan (Chairman), Northern Pacific Railway Co., St. Paul, Minn. S. C. Flagler, Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Co., Topeka, Kansas. R. C. Helwig, The Delaware & Hudson Railroad Corp., Oneonta, N. Y. lominations and Elections Committee--W. R. Lofgren (Chairman), Chicago & North Western Railway System, Chicago, 111. C. M. Kimball, Southern Railway System, Washington, D. C. L. B. Harper, Illinois Central System, Chicago, 111. Itk Committee--Dr. I. S. Cutter (Chairman), Chicago & North Western Railway Co., Chicago, III. D*. Harvev Bartle, The Pennsylvania Railroad, Philadelphia, Pa. 615 616 32nd National Safety Congress' 1943 Officers 1943-1944+ General Chairman--H. A. Daake, Erie Railroad Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Vice-Chairman--G. W. Elste, Jr., Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Co., Baltimore, Md. Secretary and Nevus Letter Editor--G. M. Dempsey, Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & CoPnatecsifticCRoamilmroitatede--CoC.,. CLh.icLagaoF,oIuIIn. taine (Chairman), Great Northern Railway Co., St PaOu.l, FM. inGnn.adingp.r, Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Railway Co., Joliet, III. L. R. Palmer (Secretary), Equitable Life Assurance Society of the U. S., New York, N. Y. 7 Health Committee--Dr. I. S. Cutter (Chairman), Chicago & North Western Railway Co, ChDicra.gHo a6r,v1e1y1. Bartle, The Pennsylvania Railroad, Philadelphia, Pa. Membership Committee--J. E. Long (Chairman), The Delaware & Hudson Railroad Corp., AlbFa. nAy. 1B, oNg.ueY,. Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway Co, Chicago, 111. C M. Kimball, Southern Railway System, Washington, D. C. Nominations and Elections Committee--F. A. Bogue (Chairman), Chicago, Rock Island Si PaLMc.if.icBA.R. HaLiaelwrapaheyyr,,CoCIl.lhinicoaigsoC, eWnetrsatl PSuylslmteamn, &ChiScoaugtoh,e1r1n1. Railroad Co, Chicago, 111. Poster Committee--E. L. Henry (Chairman), Chicago & North Western Railway Co, ChLic.aEgo. H6,oIfIIf.man, St. Louis-Southwestern Railway, Tyler, Texas. A. A. Lowe, Southern Pacific Co, San Francisco, Calif. Program Committee--J. R. Tenney (Chairman), Western Maryland Railway Co, Hagers towPn. ,FM. Bd.uckle, Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co, Chicago, III. G. W. Elste, Jr, Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Co, Baltimore, Md. Safe Practices Pamphlet Committee--W. J. Flanntgan (Chairman), Northern Pacific RaSi.lwCa.yFClaog,leSrt,. APtcahuisl,oMn,inTno.peka & Santa F. e Railway Co, Topeka, Kansas. R. C. Helwic, The Delaware & Hudson Railroad Corp, Oneonta, N. Y. Statistics Committee--T. H. Carrow (Chairman), The Pennsylvania Railroad, Philadelphia, ' PaF. . R. Bradford, Boston & Maine Railroad, Boston, Mass. D. G. Phillips, Wabash Railway Co, St. Louis, Mo. tAfi rlrcted by in Congress Session TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 5, 1943 Annual Report of General Chairman F. A. BOGUE, Superintendent of Safety, The Chicago, Rock Ialand & Pacific Railway Co, Chicago The past year has placed an enormous load upon the railroads, taxing their capacity to the limit to provide the required transpor tation service for the country, and during the past year the railroads have been con fronted with the rising toll of persooll injuries which has made unusual demanii upon the time and efforts of all. It has. however, been inspiring to hi** served as your General Chairman duriag Steam Railroad Section 6! this period and to have associated with the officers and members of the Steam Railroad Section, whose untiring efforts and helpful ness for the cause of railroad safety will always he remembered and appreciated. throughout the year 1942 without a report able employee casualty, also to the switch ing and terminal companies showing the bes results in accident prevention work. Th> Annual Green Book was prepared and pub Increase in Membership Iished by our efficient secretary, Lew Palmer During the past year the following rail roads have become members of the National Safety Council: Poster Sales Large The Poster Committee, of which Mr. Henry is chairman, submitted 6 sketches to The Southern Pacific the National Safety Council, one of which Louisville and Nashville was adopted and which many of you will remember--THEY'RE DEPENDING ON Chicago, North Shore and Milwaukee YOU. This poster had one of the largest Columbia, Newberry and Laurens sales of those issued by the Council. Alton & Southern The Safe Practices Pamphlet Committee, of which Mr. Flannigan is chairman, has This is an addition of 5 railroad member shown substantial progress. ships to the National Safety Council and, Because of the increasing accident trend while we regret that 3 of the smaller lines and the unusual conditions with respect to cancelled their memberships during the year, labor turn-over and the difficulties of securing there is a net gain of 2 members, there being the necessary labor which applied to all de 104 member railroads a year ago, 106 at partments of the railroads, it was felt that no present; reflecting much credit upon Chair more beneficial program could be provided man G. W. Elste and his committee. for two days of our three day session than The Contest Committee has followed the established practice of the past several years as it has been felt that the basis is proper and no changes are in order. The annual award dinner was held on May 3rd last. Awards were given to the winners of the various railroads, to the Pullman Company rone and several shops which operated the panel discussion program which has beeF. arranged through the efforts of our program chairman, Mr. John Tenney. The effect of disabling injuries has taken on an even greater importance than under ordinary con ditions in interfering with railroad opera tion for there has never been a time when the availability of every employee has been so important. - 4 --" ** *** O. F. GNADINGER, Supervisor of Safety, The Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Railway Co, Joliet, 111, and Chairman of Safety Section, A.A.R. It is an honor and a privilege for me to convey to this meeting the greetings of the Safety Section of the Association of Atnerian Railroads. I do not believe we can over-estimate the nine of meetings such as this. In addition t giving us the opportunity to renew old Mqtaintances and friendships, we also are jw an opportunity to discuss those prob es that we must meet from day to day in t work of accident prevention and to exfkwtge ideas. The Steam Railroad Section of the Na tional Safety Council and the Safety Section of the Association of American Railroads are both working for the same purpose, the prevention of railroad accidents, and the two organizations should co-operate, particularly when we remember that nearly all railroads are represented in both. Every safety of ficer should be as willing to serve the one organization as the other. None of us should hold back when called upon to serve on committees or to take part in a program. Safety Exposition Exhibitors EXHIBITION HALL--SHERMAN HOTEL Alphabetical List of Exhibitors of Industrial Safety Equipment American Abraaive Metals Co., Irvington, N. J. Safety Flooring, Treads, Abrasive Paints. American-LaFrance-Foamite Corp., Elmira, N. Y. Fire Protection Equipment. American Optical Co., Southbridge, Mass. Industrial Safety Goggles, Welding Helmets, Respirators, Safety Clothing. Ampco Metal, Inc., Milwaukee, Wis. Beryllium Non-Sparking Safety Tools. Barrett-Cravens Co., Chicago, 111. Mechanical Handling Equipment. Bausch A Lomb Optical Co., Rochester, N. Y. Safety Goggles and Safety Goggle Lenses. Benjamin Electric Manufacturing Co., Des Plaines, 111. ' Industrial Lighting Equipment, Safety Guards for Punch Presses. Bradley Washfountain Co., Milwaukee, Wis. Washroom Equipment. R. H. Buhrke Co., Chicago, 111. Safety Belts and Allied Equipment for Construction and Maintenance Work. E. D. Bullard Co., San Francisco, Calif. Personal Protective Equipment. Burroughs Wellcome & Co. (U. S. A.), Inc., New York City, N. Y. First Aid Equipment. Carbisulphoil Co., Dallas, Texas Antiseptics and Burn Treatments. Cardox Corp., Chicago, 111. Fire Extinguishing Systems. Chicago Eye Shield Co., Chicago, 111. Head and Eye Protective Equipment. . H. Childs & Co., Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa. Industrial Safety Shoes. Columbus McKinnon Chain Corp., Tonawanda, N. Y. Steel Sling Chains and Safety Hoists. C-O-Two Fire Equipment Co., Newark, N. J. Carbon Dioxide Portable Fire Extinguishers and Systems. * ' Davis Emergency Equipment Co., Inc., Newark, N. J. Industrial Safety Equipment. Dockson Corp., Detroit, Mich. Head and Eye Protective Equipment. 691 692 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 C. B. Dolge Co., Westport, Conn. Fungicides, Disinfectants, Hand Cleanser. Dugas Engineering Corp., Marinette, Wia. Fire Extinguishing Equipment. Duo-Safety Ladder Corp., Oshkosh, Wia. Fire and Safety Ladders, Ladder Shoes. E. I. Dupont de Nemours ft Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del. Hand Protective Cream, Neoprene Products, Rayon Yarn. Elliot Service Co., New York City, N. Y. Production Posters, Foremanship Development Material. Finnell System, Inc., Elkhart, Indiana Electric Floor Maintenance Systems and Treatments. The General Detroit Corp., Detroit, Mich. Fire Extinguishers and Allied Products. Hild Floor Machine Co., Chicago, 111. Floor Cleaning and Maintenance Equipment. Holcomb Safety Garment Co., Chicago, 111. Industrial Safety Clothing. Hynson, Westcott ft Dunning, Inc., Baltimore, Md. Mercurochrome, First Aid Antiseptics. Industrial Gloves Co., Danville, 111. Industrial Safety Clothing. Insto-Gas Corp., Detroit, Mich. Torches and Furnaces Using Bottled Propane Gas. International Shoe Co., St. Louis, Mo. Industrial Safety Shoes. C. Walker Jones Co., East Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. Industrial Safety Clothing, Fire Blankets. Jonkin Safety Appliance Co., Louisville, Ky. Safety Devices for Punch Presses. Justrite Manufacturing Co., Chicago, HI. Safety Cans, Electric Safety Lanterns. Karel First Aid Supply Co., Chicago, 111. Industrial First Aid Supplies, Hospital Equipment. Keystone View Co., Meadville, Pa. Industrial Visual Testing Equipment. Walter Kidde ft Co., New York City, N. Y. Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishing Equipment. Kimball Safety Products Co., Cleveland, Ohio Industrial Safety Clothing and Goggles. Walter G. Legge Co., New York City, N. Y. Non-Slip Floor Polishes and Treatments. Lehigh Safety Shoe Co., Inc., Allentown, Pa. Industrial Safety Footwear. Safety Congress Exhibitors Lightfoot Schultz Co., New York City, N. Y. Powdered Hand Soap for Industrial Washrooms. Lonn Manufacturing Co., Indianapolis, Ind. Compressed Air Spray and Blow Guns. Marks ft Fuller, Inc., Rochester, N. Y. Identification Cameras and Equipment. Thom McAn Safety Shoe Co., New York City, N. Y, Industrial Safety Shoes. B. F. McDonald Co., Los Angeles, Calif. Industrial Safety Equipment. Medical Supply Co., Chicago, 111. First Aid Kits and Refills. Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., New York City, N. Y. Life, Health, Accident, Annuities and Group Insurance. Milbum Co., Detroit, Mich. Products for Industrial Skin Protection. Mine Safety Appliances Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Industrial Safety Equipment. > National Safety Council, Inc., Chicago, 111. Services and Material for Safety Education. Onox Co., Inc., San Francisco, Calif. Athlete's Foot Preventive. G. H. Packwood Manufacturing Co., St. Louis, Mo. Skin Cleansers for Industrial Use. Patent Scaffolding Co., Chicago, 111. Safety Ladders, Scaffolding and Work Stands. Phister Manufacturing Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. Maintained Air Pressure Carbon Tetrachloride Fire Extinguishers. Protectoseal Co., Chicago, 111. Safety Devices for Hazardous Liquids. Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp., Brooklyn, N. Y. Industrial Safety Equipment. Pyrene Manufacturing Co., Newark, N. J. Portable Fire Extinguishers and Extinguishing Systems. Rose Manufacturing Co., Denver, Colo. Safety Belts and Harnesses, Ladder Shoes. Safety Clothing ft Equipment Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Industrial Safety Equipment. Safety Engineering, New York City, N. Y. Publishers Safety Engineering Magazine. Safety First Shoe Co., Holliaton, Maas. Industrial Safety Shoes. W. H. Salisbury ft Co., Chicago, 111. Linemen's Rubber Protective Equipment. A Schrader's Son, Brooklyn, N. Y. Pneumatic Safety Control Devices. 694 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 SU*trom Manufacturing Co., Chicago, 111. Face and Eye Protective Equipment. A. Smith ft Son, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa. Hospital and Ambulance Stretchers. Spencer Turbine Co., Hartford, Conn. Vacuum Cleaning and Dust Collecting Equipment. Standard Safety Equipment Co., Chicago, HI. Personal Protective Equipment. Steel Scaffolding Co., Evansville, Ind. Steel Scaffolding. Stonehouse Signs, Inc., Denver, Colo. Accident Prevention Signs. Strand Manufacturing Co., Chicago, I1L Safety Guards for Punch Presses. The Strauss Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Safety Belts and Hats. Surty Manufacturing Co., Chicago, III. Safety Equipment. Trimont Manufacturing Co., Boston, Mass. Forged Steel Safety Tools. United States Army, Washington, D. C. Wahlert Products Corp., Brooklyn, N. Y. Industrial Safety and Fire Equipment. ' Waverly Petroleum Products Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Oil and Grease Absorbents. West Disinfecting Co., Long Island City, N. Y. ' Skin Protective and Plant Sanitation Products. F. H. Wheeler Manufacturing Co., Chicago, 111. Industrial Safety Clothing. Willson Products, Inc., Reading, Pa. Personal Protective Equipment. INDEX A Absenteeism: Effects of Absenteeism and Turnover on Safety {Johnson), 663-667. First Aid and the Visiting Nurse (McKnight), 262-264. Records--the "Seeing Eye" of Industrial Medi cine (Fulton). 95*101. Safety Standards--Plus (Cameron), 682 685. Accident Facts Session, 25-39. Accident Statistics: Accidents Due to Coupling or Uncoupling Cars. Panel Discussion, 640. Analyzing the Accident Records and Using the Results for Construction Industry (Alexander), 33-39. Analyzing the Accident Records and Using the Results for Manufacturing Industries (Nucrnhrrorrj, 29-33. Army s Safety Program (Aurand), 41-42. Causes of Accidents. Panel Discussion, 510-512. Charging Disability of Person Refusing Medical Treatment. Panel Discussion, 371. Charging of Accident in Company Athletic Con test. Panel Discussion, 373. Charging of Lost-Time from Appendectomy. Panel Discussion, 373. First Law of Nature (Van Zandt), 317-319. Formulating an Accident Record System (Grieve), 25-29. Objective Statistics Plot Our Course (Schroder), 397-398. Records Tell* Story (Nuernberger), 288-290. War Fund to Conserve Manpower (Hill), 641 643. The War time Trend of Work Injuries (Kos- sorts), 67-71. See also Specific Industry. Acetone: Still for Recovery of Acetone. Discus sion, 341. Acids: Neutralization and Disposal in Hydrogen Fluoride Alkylation Plants (Benson), 537. Storage and Handling of Acids in the Rubber Industry (Cross), 608. Treatment of Tools Contacted by Acids (Ben. son), 537. See also Chemicals. Adams, E. T.: Using Plant Protection, 295-297. Adams, W, IV.: Accidents from Roof Falls in Coal Mines and Metal Mines--Statistical Analysis, 449-452. Recent Cement and Quarry Accident Experience, 305-308. Aeronautic Industry, See Aircraft Manufacture. Aeronautics, See Air Transport. Air Conditioning, See Ventilation and Exhaust Systems. Air Transport: First-Aid and the Visiting Nurse (McKnight), 262 264. Safety Education in the Army Air Forces (Harris), 255-258. The Safety Program of Air Service Command (Immel), 259-261. Why Top Management Should Initiate and Sup port Accident Prevention (Patterson), 252-255. Air Transport Section: Minutes, 251-264. Officers, 251. Aircraft Manufacture: Fire Prevention in the Air craft Industry (Williams), 241-246. Medical Records Help (Lehman), 292-294. Predominant Types and Causes of Lost Time In juries in the Southern California Aircraft Manufacturing Plants (Hatton), 238 241. Safety on Aircraft Assembly Lines (Caddelt) 247-249. Using Plant Protection (Adams), 295-297. Aircraft Manufacturing Section: Minutes, 237-249 Officers, 237. Alexander, Maj. R. F.: Analyzing the Accident Records and Using the Results for Construe tion Industry, 33-39. A.S.S.E.-Engineering Section: Minutes, 265-272. Officers, 265-266. Report of General Chairman, 267-268. Ammunition, See Explosives. Annual Meeting of Members, 1-18. Anundson, E. A.: First Aid Training as a Safety Incentive, 485-486. Af>f*el, Vallee: Accident Hazards and Accident Ex perience in the Refrigeration Industry, 582 584. Applegate, Mai. R. W.: Safety in the Armed Forces, 275-279. Army Session, 41-55. Auxand, Maj. Gen. H. S.: Army's Safety Program, 41-42. Automobile Industry, See Automotive and Machine Shop Section; Motor Vehicle Industry. Automotive and Machine Shop Section: Minutes, 273-301. Officers, 273-274. Awards, See Rewards. B Banes, W. J.: Keeping Employees' Cars Running, 63 65. Banquet, 19-23. a Barber, M. /.; Food for Health Program in War time Industry, 365-366. Barges, See Tanks. Belts-Safety: Belts to Prevent Falls from Loco motives. Panel Discussion, 625. Bender, C. G.: Pertinent Facts of the Food Sec tion Accident Experience. `367-370. Bennett, W. L.: Safety in the Pulpwood Logging Industry, 493-499. Benson, Roy: Safety in the Operation of Hydrogen Fluoride Alkylation Plants, 536-541. Billings, Curtis: The National Off-tbe-Job Safety Program, 137-140. Birren, Faber: Eye Strain--The Top Occupational Hazard of Industry, 181-185. 1'lastiug, See Explosives. Blitz Cans, See Tanks. Boardman, J. L.: Prevention of Accidents from Roof Falls--Metal Mines, 461-469. Bogue, F. A.: Annual Report of General Chair man of Steam Railroad Section, 616-617. Bonus Plans: Cash Bonus for Safety Record. Panel Discussion, 377. Bowman, M. M.: Victory in Sight, 370. Vision and Safety, 329-330. Brainerd, A. A.: Light, Paint and Safety, 552-554. Breathing Apparatus: Individual Maintenance of Respirators. Discussion, 338. Bridget, C. />..* The Nurse's Part in a Program of Industrial Safety and Hygiene, 106-108. Buckle, F. F.: A Railroad Fights Off-tbe-Job Acci dents, 144-146. 695 696 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 Bugbee, Percy: The War on Fire Loss, 209-211.^ Burger, J. J.: Problems Peculiar to Working Women. 667 *70. , Barns: Safety in the Operation of Hydrogen Fluoride Alkylation Plants {Benson), 536-541. Treatment of Hydrofluoric Acid Burns. Discus sion, 343. , Butadiene: Fire Hazard of Butadiene (Crwi), 608-609. , w, Safety Precautions in New Petroleum Manufac turing Processes -Butadiene (Starr), 526-533. Butler, W. T.: Explosives and Military Ammuni tion on^Board Vessels, 390 392. c Caddell, A. D.: Safety on Aircraft Assembly Lines, 247-249. _ Cameron, C. G.: Safety Standards--Plus. 682-685. Cameron, W. T.: A Governmental Safety Con sultant Service to Industry, 82-85. Carlton, C. C.: Stop Accidents--Speed Victory, 16-18. . Caustics: Storage and Handling of Caustics in the Rubber Industry (Cross), 608-609. Cement and Quarry Section: Minutes, 303-319. Officers. 303-304. Cement Industry: First Law of Nature (Van Zandt). 317-319 . High Labor Turnover and Safety (De Bruin), 314-315. .. Recent Cement and Quarry Accident Experience (Adams), 305 308. Selling Safety to the Safety Man (Glessner), 315-317. ...... Chemical Industry: Accident Analysis in Wartime Chemical Plants (Whalen), 323-325. The Problem of Waste Disposal in the Chemical Industry (Show), 330-332, 338-339, 340-341, 343-344. . ... A Review of the Ordnance Department's Acci dent Experience (Niederauer), 326-328. Safety In Styrene Production (Eckert), 533-535. Safety Precautions in New Petroleum Manufac turing Processes--Butadiene (Store), 526-533. Vision and Safety (ffonisns), 329*330. Women in the1'hrtnical Industry (MacCutch- eon), 333-337, 342 343. Chemical Section: Minutes, 321-344. Officers, 321-322. . #^ Chemicals: The Incidence and Prevention of Der matitis from Textile Finishes (Schwarts), 658 660. . Mechanical Safetv in P'an* Manufacturing Syn thetic Rubber {Cross), 607-610. Safe Disposal of Spent Chemicals in Hydrogen Fluorine Alkylation Plants (Bewon), 541. See also Name of Chemical. Child Labor: How to Make Young Employees Safetv Minded. Panel Discussion, 502-503. Protecting Your Teen age Workers (Homan), 77-81. Clark M. A,: Safety on the Home Front, 279-281. Clothing: Clothing for Use in Hydrogen Fluoride Alkylation Plants (Bemon), 538-539. Proper Clothing for Women Railroad Workers. Panel Discussion. 620. _ Protective Equipment for Women in Paper Prod ucts Plants. Panel Discussion, 504-50$. See also Gloves; Shoes. Coal Mining, See Mining Industry. ( Coal Mining Section: Meetings for Formation, 346. Officers, 345. _t Colors: Eye Strain--The Top Occupational Hazard of Industry (Birren), 181-185. Light, Paint and Safety (Brainerd), 552-554. A Painting Plan for Safety (Williams), 673. Committees: The Committee Type of Safety Organ isation (Hill), 285 287. The Labor Union and the Safety Committee. Panel Discussion, 500-501. , The Safety Committee in the Small Plant. Panel Discussion, 432-433. _ _ .... ., . Community Safety Councils: Off-the Job.Accidents and what a State Safety Council Can Do to Reduce Them (MaeBrqyne), 140*144. Company Magazines, See Employees Publications. Conover, William: Job Instruction and Safety, 442-445. ^ ... Conserving Materials: How to Conserve Existing Safety Equipment (Dreyer), 194-199. Safety Equipment in War Production (Mesch), 189-192 Construction Industry: Analyzing the Accident Records and Using the Results for Construc tion Industry (Alexander), 33-39. Planning a Construction Job for Safety and Economy (Shiely), 359-361. . Safe Use and Proper Care of Wire Rope (Lex), 348-356. Safe Working Heights for Earth Embankments (Rutledge), 357-359. . The War-time Trend of Work Injuries (Kos- jorir), 67-71. See also Cranes; Ropes. Construction Section: Minutes, 348-361. Officers, 347. ., ... .. x Contests: Community Safety Meetings (Northover). Cranes: Crane Safety (Kenple), 404-406. Cross, G. D.: Mechanical Safety in Plants Manu facturing Synthetic Rubber, 607*610. Cutter, Dr. 1. S.: Employees Health in Wartime. 646-649. D Daake, H. A.: Trespassing, 651-652. Davis, D. S. and Wagner, C. L.: Development of Visual Education as an Aid to Accident Pre vention, 436*437. a- Dearborn, N. //..' The Attack on Accidents, 8-15. DeBruin, N. M.: High Labor Turnover and Safety. 314-315. . ,, Decontamination, See Gases. Dermatitis, See Health Hazards. Disinfectants: Substitutes for Pyrethrum. Panel Discussion, 379-380. _ . . . ,4 Dreyer, C. W.: How to Conserve Existing Safety Equipment, 194-199. Drinker, Dr. C. K.,Shaughnessy, T. and Mr- Cartky, J. A.: Evidence Pointing to the Need for a Broader View of Accidents Due to Elen- tricity, 90-94. Drinker, Dr. Philip: The Measurement and Preven tion of Eye Flash, 134-135. _ , Drivers and Driving: Prevention of Falls from Stand-up Drive Type of Trucks. Panel Dia- cussion, 370-371. . Rewards for Safe Driving. Panel Discussion, Women as Oil Truck Drivers. Panel Discussion, 544. Drums, See Tanks. . Dusts: Disposal of Collected Dust. Discussion, 343-344. Ventilating Problems (Offen), 611-613. B Early Morning Classes, See Package Training for Safety Session. Index 69; Earnheart, Dr. Harold: Health Program for Em ployees in the Meat Packing Industry, 409 412. Eckert^ H. K.: Safety in Styrene Production, 533- Economics of Safety: Cooperation from Super vision in the Safety Program. Panel Discussion, 514. Safety in the Pulpwood Logging Industry (Ben nett), 493-499. Education of Workmen, See Training, Electrical Industry, See Public Utilities. Electricity: Evidence Pointing to the Need for a Broader View of Accidents Due to Electricity (Drinker and Others), 90-94. Elevators: Prevention of Hand Injuries from Bi Parting Elevator Doors. Panel Discussion, 379. Employee Transportation, See National Defense. Employee Transportation Problems of Industry Session, 57-65. Employees:' Enlisting Employee Interest (Marmaduke), 652-656. Making and Maintaining a Good Safety Record (Shaw), 660-662. Need for Employee Training. Panel Discussion, 522-523. Safety for Production for Victory (Sykes), 424- Sec also Employees' Meetings; Employees' Pub lications; New Employees; Training. Employees Meetings: Community Safety Meetings (Northover)^ 483-484. Methods of Stimulating Interest in Safety Work --Safety Incentives (Knill), 481-483. Employees' Publications: Methods of Stimulating Interest in Mine Safety--Employee Magazines (Null), 476-481. Employment, See Personnel. E. S. M. W. T., See Industrial Safety--Courses. Engineering Section, See A.S.S.E.-Engineering Section. Engineers: Engineering and Purchasing (Harvey), 298-300. Planning a Construction Job for Safety and Economy LSAie/e), 359-361. The Safety Director in the Small Plant. Panel Discussion, 429-432. What Makes a Safety Man? Panel Discussion, 213-223. Excavation, See Construction Industry. Executives, See Management. Explosives: Explosives and Military Ammunition on Board Vessels (Butter), 390-392. Handling Explosives (League), 643-645. A Review of the Ordnance Department's Acci dent Experience (Niederauer), 326-328. 312 313 f Exp*osiTM in Quarrying (Roscoe), Eyes: "Arc Flash" Conjunctivitis (Rieke), 127-133. Eye Shields and Their Effectiveness. Panel Dis cussion, 380. Eye Strain--The Top Occupational Hazard of Industry (Birren), 181-185. The Measurement and Prevention of Eye Flash (Drinker), 134-135. Visual Efficiency and Accidents (Kuhn), 185-187. Vision and Safety (Bowtnan), 329 330. See also Goggles. F Falls: Railroad Accidents from Falls. Panel Dis cussion, 624-626. Farro, E. R.: Point of Operation Guarding on Woodworking Machines, 678. Fatigue: Causes of Accidents. Panel Discussion, 510-512. Effects of Absenteeism and Turnover on Safetj (Johnson), 665-667. Rest Periods in Industry. Discussion, 343. Federal Government, See Safety Movement--U. S Government. Fickes, R. W,: General Discussion of Rubber Sec 1 tion Talks, 606. Films, See Visual Education. Fire Protection: Civilian Defense as an Aid in Fire Protection (Reningtr), 550. Fire Hazards in the Rubber Industry (Offen), 612-613. Fire Protection in the Aircraft Industry (Wil liams), 241-246. Mechanical Safety in Plants Manufacturing Syn thetic Rubber (Cross), 607-610. Organizing and Training the Plant Fire Pro tection Crew (Pernor), 205-208. The Penalty of Neglect (Plant), 208-209. Special Wartime Fire Protection Problems (.Stan?*), 201-205. The War on Fire Loss (Bugbee), 209-211. Wartime Fire Protection Session, 281-211. Firearms: Explosives and Military Ammunition on Board Vessels (Butler), 390-392. A Review of the Ordnance Department's Acci dent Experience (Niederauer), 326-328. See also Explosives. First Aid: First Aid and the Visiting Nurse (McKnight), 262-264. First Aid by Nurse in Cases of Serious Cuts. Panel Discussion, 376. First Aid Training as a Safety Incentive (Anund- son), 485-486. New Trends in the Treatment of Industrial In juries (flwbin), 104-106. Safety Standards--Plus (Cameron), 682-685. See also Health Supervision; Nurses. ,< Flammable Liquids: Hazards of Flammable Liquids in the Aircraft Industry (Williams), 243-244. Preparation of Tank Vessels Prior to Alterations or Repairs (Neusbaum)t 393-396. The Problem of Waste Disposal in the Chemical industry (Shaw), 330-332, 338-339, 340-341, 343-344. Sec also Solvents. Floors: Floor Scrubbing Crew (Williams), 671-672. How to Eliminate Wet Floors in a Food Plant. Panel Discussion, 372. Fluorescent Materials, See Lighting. Fluorides: Safety in the Operation of Hydrogen Fluoride Alkylation Plants (Benson), 536-541. Food Industry: Food for Health Program in War time Industry (Barber), 365-366. Pertinent Facts of the Food Section Accident Experience (Bender), 367-370. Safeguarding Canned Food Against Intentional Contamination. Panel Discussion, 378-379. Safety and Health Clinic. Panel Discussion, 370 381. Food Section: Minutes, 363-381. Officers, 363-364. Foods: Food for Health Program.in Wartime In dustry (Barber), 365-366. See also Vitamins. _ Foremen: Cooperation from Supervision in the Safety Program. Panel Discussion, 514. Foremanship Training. Panel Discussion. 521 522. Is Safety My Responsibility? -- A Foreman (Holebo), 567-568. Job Instruction and Safety (Conover), 442-445. Number of Track Laborers to a Foreman. Panel Discussion, 626. Responsibilities of Foremen Due to the Wartime Situation. Panel Discussion, 520-521. Safety Duties of Foremen (Mould), 282-283. Safety Training for Foremen in All Shifts. Panel Discussion, 373-374. Selling Safety to Lodging Foremen and Super- __ intrmlents. Discussion, 689. Supervisors Must Know (Young), 290-292. See also Training. 698 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 Fuller's Earth: Hazard in Disposal of Fuller'* Earth. Discussion, 339. Pulton, Dr. W. J.: Records--the ``Seeing Eye" of Industrial Medicine, 95-101. Fumes, See Gases. G A. K.: Maintaining a Lighting System at Top Efficiency, 175*181. Gardiner, Dr. H. G.: Nurse's Part in Physical Ex amination Program. 102*103. Gas Industry, See Public Utilities. Gases: The Control of Fumes in Shipyards (Late* rrsff), 401-404. Disposal of Hydrogen Sulphide Cylinders. Dis cussion, 338-339. Preparation of Tank Vessels Prior to Alterations or Repair (Neusbaum), 393-396. Safety Precautions in New Petroleum Manufac turing Processes--Butadiene (Starr), 526-533. Training Employees In Decontamination and Gas Defense in Industry (La Afar), 569-572. Gasoline, See Flammable Liquids. Gebhort, W. H.: Safe Use and Maintenance of Saws. 679-681. _ Gillem, Moj. Cm. A. C,, Jr.: Preventing Avoidable Casualties in Our Combat Forces, 52-54. Gteuner, B. G.: Selling Safety to the New Man, 315-317. Gloves: Metallic Linked Chain Gloves for Handling Sharp MetaL Panel Discussion, 371. See also Clothing. Gnadinger, O. P.: Greetings from Safety Section, A.A.R., 617-618. Goggles: Eye Protection for Loggers. Discussion, , 688*689. How to Get Employees to Wear Goggles. Panel Discussion. 375. Why Roundhouse Employes Do Not Wear Goggles. Panel Discussion, 621-623. Government Safety Services to Industry Session, 67*85. Grade Crossings: War Fund to Conserve Man power (Hill). 641-643. Grieve, G. G.: Formulating an Accident Record System, 25-29. Group Riding, See National Defense. Guards: Guarding of Machinery or Safe Practices. Panel Discussion, 513. Replacement of Guards by Maintenance Men. Panel Discussion, 507-508. Harris, Col S. R.: Air Safety--Weapons of Vic tory, 48-51. Safety Education in the Army Air Forces, 255 258 Harrison, Moj. Gen. W. H.: Safety and Health on the Home Front, 42-45. t Harvey, R. D.: Engineering and Purchasing, 298 300. .. , Harvey, V. K.: Using Handicapped Worker* for war Production, 74-77. Holton, J. F.: Predominant Types and Causes of Lost-Time Injuries in the Southern California Aircraft Manufacturing Plants, 238-241. Haxlehurst, /. H.: Package Training for Safety (Early Morning Classes), 147*162. 4 Health Hazards: An Approach to Tuberculosis in Industry (Walmer), 87-90. ``Arc Flash" Conjunctivitis (Risks), 127-133. f Dermatitis from the Manufacture of Synthetic Rubber (Obets), 613-614. t Diagnosis of Cause of Discoloration of Skin When Hand, are Cloaed. Panel Discussion, Evidence Pointing to the Need for a Broader View of Accident, Due to Electricity (Drinker and Othtrs), 90-94. ., ,, Eye Strain--The Top Occupational Haaard of Industry (Birren), 181*185. .* Health Service in War Plants (Sappington), The Incidence and Prevention of Dermatitis from Textile Finishes (Schwarts), 658*660. Is Cellulitis Ever Traumatic? Panel Discussion. The8<Measurement and Prevention of Eye Flash (Drislrr), 134-135. ,c Mechanical Safety in Plants Manufacturing Syn thetic Rubber (Cross), 60(1-610. Occupational Disease From War Substitute Ma terials (Lansa), 125-127. . Problems Regarding the Health of Women in the Chemical Industry (MocCutcheon), 336- Safety Styrene Production (Eckert), 533-53S. Safety in the Operation of Hydrogen Fluoride Alkylation Plants (Benson), 536-541. Safety Precautions in New Petroleum Manufac turing Processes--Butadiene <5frr). 526-533. Skin Rashes from Handling Mahogany and Other Woods. Discussion, 685-686. , Use of Soap and Water to Prevent Spread of Skin Eruptions. Panel Diaeussmn 374 Visual Efficiency and Accidents (Kuhn), 185-187 What Can Be Done in a Pull, and Paper Mill to Prevent Dermatitis? Panel Discussion, 519. Health Supervision: An Approach to Tuberculosis in Industry (IValmer), 87-90. Employees' Health in Wartime (Culler).646J549. Health Program for Employees m the Meat Packing Industry (Eamheart), 409 412 Health Service in War Plants (Sappington). H Ha/1, Capt. AT. B.: The Security of Vessels in Port, 387-390. . Handicapped Workers: Safety Problems Resulting from Lowered Physical Standards, S19-521. See also Rehabilitation. Handling Material: Metallic Linked Chain Glove for Handling Sharp Metal. Panel Discussion, 371. . Protection of Fingers When Handling 100-Pound Paper Bags. Panel Discussion, 371. Safe Handling of Raw Stock Rolls and Finished Materials. Panel Discussion, 505. Safe Practices in Handling Power Press Mate rials. Panel Discussion, 556, 558. > Hands: Protection of Fingers When Handling 100- Pound Paper Bags. Panel Discussion, 3/1. Protective Hand Creams. Discussion, 342. Medical Records Help (Lehman), .. New Trends in the Treatment of Industrial in ThjeuriNesurs(Je?'suWPna),rt,10In4-1a06.Program of iI,n.,d!,usttrriiaall Safety and Hygiene (Bridge*), 106-108. Nurse's Part in Physical Examination Program (Gardiner), 102-103. ,, Records--the "Seeing Eye" of Industrial Medi cine (Fulton), 95-101. /cat 124 Safety for Production for Victory (Sykes). 424 427 Safety Problems Resulting from Lowered Physi cal Standards. 519-521. Safety Standards Plus (Cameron), 6R2-W5. t See also First Aid: Nurses; Physical Examina tions; Rehabilitation. . Heat Treating: Hazards Due to Process in Aircraft Manufacturing (Wtlltonih Hernia: Hernia Examinations for Women Work ers. Discussion, 342-343. Index 699 See Also Lifting. Hibben, S. G.: Luminescent Materials--Aids to Tomorrow's Safety, 268-272. Hilt, C. E.: War Fund to Conserve Manpower, 641-643. Hill, W. G.: The Committee Type of Safety Organ ization, 285-287. Hodgson, E. A.: Recent Developments in the Rock- burst Problem, 470-474. Hoists, See Rope. Holabo, Ward: Is Safety My Responsibility ?--A Foreman, 567-568. Homan, S. W.: Protecting Your Teen-Age Work ers, 77-81. Hotels: Safety in Connection with Hotel Refriger ating Systems (Utescher), 592-593. House Organs, See Employees' Publications. Housekeeping: Housekeeping as a Means of Pre venting Accidents (williams), 671-673. How to Get Good Housekeeping in the Paper Industry. Panel Discussion, 505-507. Maintaining a Lighting System at Top Efficiency {Gaetjens), 175*181. Humidity, see Temperatures. Hydrocarbons: Safety Precautions in New Petro, leum Manufacturing Processes -- Butadiene (Starr), 526-533. Hydrofluoric Acid: Treatment of Hydrofluorie Acid Burnt. Discussion, 343. 1 Hydrogen Fluoride, See Fluorides. 1 Hydrogen Sulfide: Disposal of Hydrogen Sulphide ; Cylinders. Discussion. 338-339. Hazards of Hydrogen Sulfide (Nfittbaum), 393. lce, See Refrigeration Industry. Itnmel, Maj. H. D.: The Safety Program of Air Service Command, 259-261. IIndustrial Health Session, 87-94. Industrial Nursing Session, 95-108. Industrial Relations, See Bonus Flans; Lunch Rooms; Personnel. Industrial Safety Courses: Job Instruction and Safety (Conover). 442*445. m Safety Training and thje War (Yellott), 596-599. What Makes a Safety Man? Panel Discussion, J' IJno.osUnhIpe.nsos2e(si.TMvn1oce3ng.tGio-r,o2Tu.PnoA2rl:n3lda.aG.)inSn,S.Tt:ia.n2h:fP8geIe3sErt,y.of,SftSeeS6eccae6tttaf3sieof-Ift6nnoy6df7(uT.AAMsybdptyrsaeieamnRl steeoS)e,sfaips2foem9Ont5ys-r--a2igbn9aCi7dlni.toiyzuT?aru--stieronAsn. Superintendent, 565-567. JaU, J. B.: War-Time River Safety, 396-398. K Ketnan.J. D.: Labor Believes in Safety, 109-114. nelly, G. A.: Our Company's War Effort, 649-650. Kengle, Lieut. Comdr. L. F.: Crane Safety. 404 406. 7 Rirh, Maj. Gen. N. T.: Health in Our Armed Services, 46-48. KnilL R. R.: Methods of Stimulating Interest in Safety Work--Safety Incentives, 481-483. Knudsen, Lt. Gen. W. S.: Safety and Health in War Industry and on the Battlefront, 55. Kossorxs, M. D.: The War-time Trend of Work Injuries, 67-71. Kuhn, Dr. H. S.: Visual Efficiency and Accidents. ISC 109 *' L Labor and Safety Session, 109-124. Labor Turnover, See Personnel. Labor Unions: Cooperation of Unions in Enforce ment of Safety Rules. Panel Discussion, 434. Labor Believes in Safety (Keenan), 109-114. Labor's Part in Industrial Safety Works. Panel Discussion, 500-501. Responsibility of Labor and Management for Promoting Safety Procedures. Panel Discus sion, 114-124. Laboratories, See Chemical Industry. LaMar, R. F.: Training Employees in Decontami nation and Gas Detense in Industry, 569-572. Landry, E. B.: The United States Government and Its Safety Program, 72-74. Lansa. Lt. Col. A. J.: Occupational Disease From ' War Substitute Materials, 125-127. Larsen, A. B.: Successful Job Training Methods-- Large Metropolitan Companies, 5/2-574. Lawrence, W. E.: The Control of Fumes in Ship yards! 401-404. League, E. J.: Handling Explosives, 643-645. Leather Industry: Scope, Purpose, Procedure and Effect of American War Standards for Pro tective Occupational Footwear (Mense), 412 413. Leather Industries Section, See Meat Packing, Tanning and Leather Industries Section. Lehman, O. F.: Medical Records Help, 292-294. Lex, N. /.; Safe Uae and Proper Care of Wire Rope, 348*356. Lifting: How Much Should a Woman Lift. Panel Discussion, 226*227, 228. See also Hernia. ; Lighting: Eye Strain--The Top Occupational Haz* ard of Industry (Birren), 181-185. Light, Paint and Safety (Brainerd), 552-554. Luminescent Materials -- Aids to Tomorrow's Safety (Hibben), 268-272. Maintaining a Lighting System at Top Efficiency (Gaetjens), 175*181. ' Seeing tor Safety Session, 175-187. Visual Efficiency and Accidents (Kuhn)f 185-187. Window Cleaning and Light Transmission (Wil Hams), 672. Linemen, See Public Utilities. Loading and Unloading: Mechanical Safety In Plants Manufacturing Synthetic Rubber {Cross), 607. Logging: Eye Protection for Loggers. Discussion, 688-689. Group Session for Pulpwood Loggers, 493-499. Prevention of Accidents from Axe Cuts. Dis cussion, 686-687. Safety in the Pulpwood Logging Industry (Bennett), 493-499. Safety Shoes for the Logger. Discussion, 688. Selling Safety to Logging Foremen and Super intendents. Discussion, 689. Use of Chain Saws. Discussion, 687-688. See also Wood Products Industry. Lovett, Hon. R. A.: Safety Builoa War Power, 19-23. Luminescent Materials, See Lighting. 700 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 Lunchrooms: Frequency of Periodic Medical Ex aminations for Food Handlers in Cafeterias. Panel Discussion, 376. Lusk. E. S.: A Balanced Safety Program for a Meat Packing Plant--Training Employees for Safety, 418 420. Marine Section: Minutes, 383-406. Officers, 383-386. Marmaduke, H. C.: Enlisting Employee Interest, 652 656. Matthews, W. W.: Selling Safety and Delivering the Package, 676*677. Meat Packing Industry: A Balanced Safety Pro gram for a Meat Packing Plant--Correcting Hazardous Conditions (Sioonzon), 414-418. A Balanced Safety Program for a Meat Packing Plant--Training Employees for Safety (Lujfc), 418 420. Health Program for Employees in the Meat M Packing Industry (Earnheart), 409-412. ^ Meat Packing, Tanning and Leather Industries MacBrayne, L. E.: Off-the-Job Accidents and Wbat a State Safety Council Can Do to Reduce Them, 140 144. McCarthy, J. A.. Drinker, C, K., and Shaughnessy, T. Evidence Pointing to the Need for a Ilroader View of Accidents Due to Electricity, 90-94. MacCutcheon, S. M.: Women in the Chemical In dustry. 33J 337, 342 343. McGiffin, J. W.: Safety Aboard a Lake Freighter, 399-401. . McKnight, Dr. Hodges: First Aid and the Visit ing Nurse, 262-264. Mattachlan, Wilis: Annual Report of 4 General Chairman, A.S.S.E.-Engineering Section, 267 ' 268. McVay, W. /.: Accident Statistics and Their Use in the Ice Industry, 584-586. Maintenance: Dispatching System for Motor Cars. Panel Discussion, 626-627. Number of Track laborers to a Foreman. Panel Discussion. 626. Protection of Heavily Loaded Motor Cars. Panel Discussion, 626-628. . Protection of Power Tampers from Trains. Panel Discussion, 623 624. Replacement of Guards by Maintenance Men. Panel Discussion, 507-508. Women in Maintenance of Way Work. Panel Section: Minutes, 407-420, Officers^ 407-408. Mense, C. M.: Scope, Purpose, Procedure and Effect of American War Standards for Protec tive Occupational Footwear, 412-413. Mesch, H. C.: Safety Equipment in War Produc tion, 189-192. Metal Industries: Job Instruction and Safety (Con over), 442-445. Records Tell a Story (Nuernberger), 288-290. Safety for Production for Victory (Sykes), 424 427. . Safety Tools--1943 Models (Symposium), 288 300. ` Supervisors Must Know (Young), 290-292. Women in the Metals Industry (Morrow), 438 . 441. See Also Automotive and Machine Shop Section; Power Presses. Metal Mining, See Mining Industry. Metals Section: Minutes, 421-445. Officers, 421 423. , Methyl Chloride: Accident Hazards and Experi ence in the Refrigeration Industry (Reed), 590 592. Middleton, J. F..: Refrigerating System Accidents, 586-588. Mining Industry: Accidents from Roof Falls In Coal Mines and Metal Mines -- Statistical Discussion, 619-621. Moist, E. J?.: Rumps in Coal Mines, 474-475. # Management: Discharging Management's Responsi bility for Safety in an Industrial Plant (Pecaro), 490-493. Effects of Absenteeism and Turnover on Safety Analysis 449-452. Bumps in Coal Mines (Maiee), 474-475. Community Safety Meetings (Northover), 483* 484. First Aid Training as a Safety Incentive (Anund- ron), 485-486. (Johnson), 663-667. Enlisting Employee Interest (Marmaduke), 652 656. Is Safety Mv Responsibility?--An Operating Ex ecutive (noimd), 562-564. Is Safety My Responsibility?--A Superintendent (Jones), 565-567. Management's Hein to the Foreman in the War time Situation. Panel Discussion, 521Management's Interest and Safety Results. Panel Discussion, 512-513. Responsibility of I^abor and Management for Promoting Safety Procedures. Panel Discus sion, 114-124. Safety as a Management Responsibility (Whit ney) $\7S\9. Why Top Management Should Initiate and Support Accident Prevention (Patterson), 252- Methods of Stimulating Interest in Mine Safety --Employee Magazines (Null), 476-481. Methods of Stimulating Interest in Safety Work ---Safety Incentives (ffm'ff). 481-483. Prevention of Accidents from Roof Falls--Flat Beds (Nicholas), 452-457. Prevention of Accidents from Roof Falla la Pitching Veins (Ross), 457-460. Prevention of Accidents from Roof Falls--Metal Mines (Boardman), 461-469. Recent Developments in the Rockblirst Problem (Hodason), 470-474. The War rime Trend of Work Injuries (Kos- son's), 67-71. Mining Section: Minutes. 447-486. Officers, 447-448. Minor Injuries: Necessity of Reporting Minor Ia juries by AH Employees. Panel Discussioa. Marine Industry: The Control of Fumes in Ship yards (Lawrence), 401-404. Crane Safety (Kenole), 404-406. Explosives and Military Ammunition on Board Vessels (Buffer). 390 392. Objective Statistics Plot Our Course (Schroder), 397 398. Preparation of Tank Vessels Prior to Alterations or Repairs (Neusbaum), 393-396. Safety Aboard a Lake Freighter (McGiffin), 399.401. The Security of Vessels in Port (Holt), 387-390. Special Wartime Fire Protection Problems (Stonge), 201-205. War-Time River Safety (/u/i), 396-398. 376 377. Molster. W. A.: Rationing of Shoes and Other Safety Euuipment, 192-193. Morrow, M. R.: Women in the Metals Industry, 438-441. Motion Pictures. See Visual Education. Motor Vehicle Industry: The Staff Type of Safety Organization (Mould), 281*284. See also Automotive and Machine Shop Sectloo. Motor Vehicles: Keeping Employees' Car Rim* ning (Banes), 63 65. 4 Prevention of Falls from Stand-up Drive Type of Trucks. Panel Discussion, 370-371. 4 Truck Routing on the Construction Joh (Shifty), 360 361. Index 7( War Fund to Conserve Manpower (Hill), 641 643. See also Drivers and Driving. Mould, I). 7\: The Staff Type of Safety Organiza tion, 281-284. Munitions Manufacture, See Explosives Industry; Firearms Industry. The Security of Vessels in Port (Hall), 387-39 Special Wartime Fire Protection Problem (Stange), 201-205. Stop Accidents--Speed Victory (Carlton), 16-1 Training Employees in Decontamination and G Defense in Industry (La Afnr), 569-572. The United States Government and its Safet Program (Landry), 72-74. Using Handicapped Workers for War Prodti- tion (Harvey), 74-77. War Conservation of Personal Protective Equi| ment Session. 189-199. War Fund to Conserve Manpower (Hill), 641 N 643. The War on Fire Loss (Bugbee), 209-2II. Nanfeldt, O. M.: Accident Hazards and Accident Experience in the Refrigeration Industry, 588 589. National Defense: Accident Analysis in Wartime Chemical Plants (Whalen), 323-325. Air Safety--Weapons of Victory (Harris), 48-51. Army Session, 41-55. Army's Safety Program (Aurand), 41-42. The Attack on Accidents (Dearborn), 8-15. Employees' Health in Wartime (Cutter), 646 649. Explosives and Military Ammunition on Board Vessels (Butler), 390-392. Food for Health Program in Wartime Industry (Barber), 365-366. Getting Employees To and From Work (Pey), 61-63. Getting Employees To and From Work (Wal ters), 57-60. Government Safety Services to Industry Ses sion, 67-85. A Governmental Safety Consultant Service to Industry (CaMeron), 82-85. Handling Explosives (League), 643-645. Health in Our Armed Services (Kirk), 46-48. How to Conserve Existing Safety Equipment (Dreyerjj 194-199. Keeping Employees' Cars Running (Banes), 63-65. The National Off-the-Job Safety Program (Bill ings), 137-140. Occupational Disease From War Substitute Ma terials (Lansa), 125-127. Off-the*Joh Accidents and What a State Safety Council Can Do to Reduce Them (Mac Brayne), 140-144. Organizing ami Training the Plant Fire Protec tion Crew (Pernor), 205-208. Our Company's War Effort (Kelly), 649-650. The Penally of Neglect (Plant), 208-209. Preventing Avoidable Casualties in Our Armed Forces (GiUem), 52-54, * Protecting Your Teen-Age Workers (Homan), 77-81. Rationing of Shoes and Other Safety Equip ment (Molster), 192-193. A Review of the Ordnance Department's Acci dent Experience (Nirdcraurr), 326-328. Safety ami Health in War Industry and on the Battlefront (Knudsen), 55. Safety and Health on the Home Front (Harri son), 42-45. Safety Builds War Power (Lovett), 19-23. Safety Education in the Army Air Forces (Harris), 255-258. Safety Equipment in War Production (Mesch), 189-192. Wartime Fire Protection Session. 201-211. War-Time River Safety (Juli), 396-398. Wartime Safety Problems in the Petroleum In dustry. Panel Discussion, 519-526* ----- The War-time Trend of Work Injuries (Kos soris), 67-71. Women in War Industry Session. Pane! Discus sion, 225-235. See also Explosives; Industrial Safety Courses Plant Protection; Substitutes. National Safety Council: The Attack on Accident1 (Dearborn), 8-15. Executive Board, V-VI. Honorary Members, IV. Officers, IV. Safety Takes the Offensive, VII-VIII. Neusbaum, C. A.: Preparation of Tank Vessels Prior to Alterations or Repairs, 393-396. New Employees: The Best Steps to Take to Make New Employees Safety Minded. Panel Dis cussion, 502-504. Instruction of New Employees (Mould), 284. Making and Maintaining n Good Safety Record (Shaw), 660-661. Selling Safety to the New Man (Glessner), 315 317. Training the New Worker in Safe Train Service. Panel Discussion, 629-630. See also Training. Nicholas, R. H.: Prevention of Accidents from , Roof Falls--Flat Beds, 452-457. Niederauer, Maj. IP. J.: A Review of the Ord nance Department's Accident Experience, 326* 328. Northover, W. D.: Community Safety Meetings, 483-484. ^ Nuernberger. G. F.: Analyzing the Accident Rec ords and Using the Results for Manufacturing Industries, 29-33. Records Tell a Story, 288-290. Null, H. H.f HI: Methods of Stimulating Interest in Mine Safety--Employee Magazines. 476-481. Nurses: First Aid and the Visiting Nurse (Mc Knight), 262-264. First Aid by Nurse in Cases of Serious Cuts. Panel Discussion, 376. New Trends in the Treatment of Industrial In juries (Rubin), 104-106. The Nurse's Part in a Program of Industrial Safety and Hygiene (Bridges), 106-108. Nurse's Part in Physical Examination Program (Gardner), 102-103. # Records--the "Seeing Eye" of Industrial Medi cine (Fulton), 95-101. See Also First Aid; Health Supervision. Nurses Session, See Industrial Nursing Session. Nutrition, See Foods. Safety in the Armed Forces (Applegate), 275 279. Safety in the Defense Program (Reninger), 549-551. Safety on the Home Front (Clark), 279-281. The Safety Program of Air Service Command (Immel), 259-261. Safety Training and the War (Yellott), 596-599. o Scope, Purpose, Procedure and Effect of Ameri* can War Standards for Protective Occupa tional Footwear (Mense), 412-413. ObrtK, rir. W. II. Dermatitis from the Manufac ture of Synthetic Rubber, 613-614. 702 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 (TBrien, /. T.: Successful Job Tnininf Methods-- i Combination Gas and Electric Companies, 575 577. Occupational Disease Session, 125-135. Off-the-Job Accidents: Methods of Training Em ployees in Off-the-Job Safety, 525. The National Off-the-Job Safety Program {Bill inas), 137-140. Off-the-Job Accidents and What a State Safety Council Can I)o to Reduce Them (Mac- Brayne), 140-144. A Railroad Fights Off-the-Job Accidents (Buckle), 144-146. Off-the-Job Accidents Session, 137-146. Ofen, Bernord: Ventilating Problems, 611-613. Older Workers: Periodical Physical Examinations of Older Employees. Panel Discussion, 373. Organization: The Committee Type of Safety Or ganisation 285-287. Discharging Management's Responsibility for Safety in an Industrial Plant (Pecaro) 490 493. Making and Maintaining a Good Safety Record (Shaw), 660-662. Safety in Styrene Production (Eckert), 533-535. The staff Type of Safety Organization (Mould), 281-284. Why Top Management Should Initiate and Sup port Accident Prevention (Patterson), 252-255. \ P Package Training for Safety Session, 147-162. Paint: Light, Paint and Safety (Brainerd), 552 554. Paint Spraying Hartrds in Aircraft Manufac turing (Williams), 243. Three Dimensional Painting in Shops and Hangars (Patterson), 254. Paper and Pulp Section: Minutes, 487-514. Officers. 487-489. Resolutions, 509-510. Paper Industry: Corner Cutter Guard. Panel Dis cussion, 514. Discharging Management's Responsibility for Safety in an Industrial Plant (Pecaro), 490 493. How Can Static Re Eliminated from Calender and Rotary Cutting Machines? Panel Discus sion, 513. How to Get Good Housekeeping in the Paper Industry. Panel Discussion, 505-507. How to Guard Against Hazards of Nips on Feeders and Winders. Panel Discussion. 508 509. * Protective Equipment for Women in Paper Products Plants. Panel Discussion. 504-505. Safe Handling of Parent Roll Shaft. Panel Dis cussion, 501-502, Safe Handling of Raw Stock Rolfs and Fin- iahed Materials. Panel Discussion, 505. Three-Legged Jack on Wheels for Handling Shaft of Paper Roll. Panel Discussion. 502. What Can be Done in a Pulp and Paper Mill to Prevent Dermatitis? Panel Discussion, 510. See also Logging. Paper Products Plants Group Session, 499-509. Patterson, W. A.: Why Top Msnagement Should Initiate and Support Accident Prevention, 252-255. Peearo, C. P.: Discharging Management's Weapon- sitiilitT for Safety in an Industrial Plant, 490-493. # Personal Factors: Causea of Accidents. Panel Discussion, 510 512. First Law of Nature (Fen Zandt), 317-319. Is Safety My Responsibility?--A Superintend ent (Jones), 56S-567. Peraonal Protective Equipment, See Tlreathing Apparatus: Clothing: Gloves: Goggles; Safety Equipment; Shoes. Personnel: Effects of Absenteeism and Turnover on Safety (Johnson), 663-667. High I^abor Turnover and Safety (Drffrwifi)* 314315. Petroleum Industry: Pump Room Hazards. Panel Discussion, 542-544. a Safe Transportation of Petroleum Products in Wartime. Panel Discussion, 541-545. a Safety as a Management Responsibility (Whit ney), 517-519. Safety in Styrene Production (Eckert), 533 535. # Safety in the Operation of Hydrogen Fluoride Alkylation Plants (Benson), 536-541. Safety Precautions in New Petroleum Manu facturing Processes--Butadiene (5fnrr), 526 533. Wartime Safety Problems in the Petroleum In dustry, 519-526. Petroleum Section: Minutes, 515-545. Officers, 515-516. Phosphorescent Coatings, See Lighting. Physical Defects, See Handicapped Workers; Re habilitation. Physical Examinations: Frequency of Periodic Medical Examinations for Food Handlers in Cafeterias. Panel Discussion, 376. Nurse's Part in Physical Examination Program (Gardiner), 102-103. Periodical Examinations of Older Employees. Panel Discussion, 373. Use of Physical Examination Reports In Deter mination of Accident Causes. Panel Discus sion, 512. Plant, John: The Penalty of Neglect, 20R-209. Plant Protection: Civilian Defense and Plant Pro tection (Reninger), 549-551. Organizing and Training the Plant Fire Pro tection Crew (Vsrnor), 205-208. Using Plant Protection (Adams), 295-297. Poisonous Plants: Use of Soap and Water *lo Pre vent Spread of Poison Ivy. Panel Discussion, 374. Power Press Section: Minutes, 547-557. Officers, 547-548. Power Presses: Guards for Power Presses. Panel Discussion, 557-558. Light, Paint and Safety (Brointrd), 552-554 Maintenance and Inspection of Presses in War time. Panel Discussion, 556. Pre-Production Training for Press Operators. Panel Discussion, 556-557. Safe Practices in Handling Power Press Mate rials. Panel Discussion, 556-558. Use of Handicapped Workers in Punch Press Shops. Panel Discussion, 554-557. See also Metal Industries. Printing Industry: How to Eliminate Accidents to Men Working Around Printing Plant Equip ment. Panel Discussion, 500-501. Prizes, See Bonus Plans: Rewards. Psychology, See Personal Factora. Public Utilities: Is Safety My Responsibility ?--A Foreman (Holsbo), 567-568. . Is Safety My ResponsibimyT--Art Operating Executive (Round), 562-564. ,. Is Safety My Responsibility ?--A Superintendent (Jones), 565-567. , Successful Job Training Methods--Combination Gas and Electric Companies (O'Bnrs), 575- Succe'ssful Job Training Methbds--Tjirge Metro politan Companies (Larsen), 572*574. Public Utilities Section: Minutes, 559-579. Officers, 559-561. Puinwnnd T/ia#r Grouns Session. 493-499. Punch Presses, See Power Presses. Purchasing: Engineering and Purchasing (Harvey), 298*300. Pyrethrum: Substitutes for Pyrethrum. Panel Dis cussion, 379-380. Index 70. Q Quarry Industry: First Law of Nature (Van Zandt), 317-319. Practical Application of Quarry Safety Stand ards to Quarry Operations (ftoscoe), 309-314. Recent Cement and Quarry Accident Experience (Adams), 305-308. Quarry Section, See Cement and Quarry Section. R Railroads: The Blue Flag Rule for Inspections or Coupling. Panel Discussion, 634-636. Brake Club Accidents. Panel Discusaion, 629. Clearance Points for Moving Cars. Panel Dia- cussion, 631. Dispatching System for Motor Cars. Panel Dis cussion, 626-627. Employees' Health in Wartime (Cutter), 646 649. Enlisting Employee Interest (Marmaduks), 652 656. Getting On and Off the Front Footboard of a Locomotive. Panel Discusaion, 638-639. Handling Explosives (League), 643-645. Hazards of Employees Getting On and Off Cars. Panel Discussion, 636-639. t Non-Train Accidents. Panel Discussion, 618-628- Our Company's War Effort (Kelly), 649-650. Prevention of Injury from Switch Ball. Panel Discussion, 630-631, 632. Prevention of Sprains and Strains from Han dling Hand Brakes. Panel Discussion, 629-630. Protection of Heavily Loaded Motor Cars. Panel Discussion. 626-628. Protection of Power Tampers from Trains. Panel Discussion, 623-624. Railroad Accidents from Falls. Panel Discus sion, 624-626. Safe Coupling of Steam or Air Hose. Panel Discussion, 632-636. Safe Handling of Switches. Panel Discussion, 630-632. # Shaker Bar Injuries. Panel Discussion, 628. _ "Struck and Run-Over" Accidents. Panel Dis cussion, 639-640. Training the New Worker in Safe Train Service. Panel Discussion, 629-630. Trespassing (Daake), 651-652. Use of Coupling Rods. Panel Discussion, 635 636. War Fund to Conserve Man-power (Hill), 641 643. The War-Time Trend of War Injuries (Kos- sorts), 67-71. Why Roundhouse Employees Do Not Wear Goggles. Panel Discussion, 621-623. Women in Maintenance of Way W9rk. Panel Discussion, 619-621. Reed, Pout: Accident Hazards and Experience in the Refrigeration Industry, 590-592. Refrigeration Industry: Accident Hazards and Ac cident Experience in the Refrigeration Indus try (Appel), 582-584. Accident Hazards and Accident Experience in the Refrigeration Industry (Reed), 590-592. Accident Statistics and Their Use in the Ice In dustry (McVav), 584-586. A Balanced Safety Program for a Meat Pack ing Plant--Correcting Hazardous Conditions (.Yteanzan), 414-418. Refrigerating System Accidents (Middleton), 586-588. Safety in Connection with Hotel Refrigerating Systems (Utescher), 592 593. Accident Hazards and * Accident Experience i< the Refrigeration Industry (Nanfeldt), SSI589. Refrigeration Section: Minutes, 581-593. Officers, 581. Rehabilitation: Safety Problems Resulting fron Lowered Physical Standards. Panel Discus sion, 519-521, 526. Use of Handicapped Workers in Punch Pres Shops. Panel Discussion, 554-556, 557. Using Handicapped Workers for War Produc tion (Harvey), 74-77. Reninger, Cot. H. A.: Safety in the Defense Pro gram, 549-551. Resolutions--Paper and Pulp Section: Panel Dis cussion, 509-510. Respiratory Equipment. Sec Breathing Apparatus Responsibility: Is Safety My Responsibility?--A Foreman (Holsbo), 567-568. Is Safety My Responsibility?--An Operating Ex ecutive (Round), 562-564. Is Safety My Responsibility?--A Superintendent (Jones), 565-567. Rest Periods, See Fatigue. Rewards: Methods of Stimulating Interest in Safety Work--Safety Incentives (Knill), 481 - 483. a. Rewards for Safe Driving. Panel Discussion. 545. Safe Worker Rewards. Panel Discussion, 545. See also Bonus Plans. Rieke, Dr. F. E.: "Arc Flash" Conjunctivitis, 127 133. ,. Robertson, D. C.: Successful Job Training Meth ods--Telephone Industry, 577-S79. Roos.G. A.: Prevention of Accidents from Roof Falls in Pitching Veins, 457-460. Rope: Safe Use and Proper Care of Wire Rope (Lex), 348-356. Roscoe, W. L.: Practical Application of Quarry Safety Standards to Quarry Operations, 309 314. . Round, L. B.* Is Safety My Responsibility?--An Operating Executive. 562-564. Rubber Industry: Dermatitis from the Manufacture of Synthetic Rubber (Obets), 613-614. a Highlights in the Placement of Women in In dustry (Stone), 599-601. ' Mechanical Safety in Plants Manufacturing Syn thetic Rubber (Cross), 607-610. Safety Training and the War (Yellott), 596-599. Ventilating Problems (Offen), 611-613. Rubber Section: Minutes, 595-614. Officers, 595. Rubin Dr. H. H.; New Trends in the Treatment of Industrial Injuries, 104-106. Rutledge, P. C.: Safe Working Heights for Earth Embankments, 357-359. s Sabotage, See Plant Protection. Safety Directors, See Engineers. Safety Equipment: How to Conserve Existing Safety Equipment (Dreyer). 194-199. Rationing of Shoes and Other Safety Equip ment (Molster), *92-193. Safety Equipment in War Production (Mesch), 189-192. See also Breathing Apparatus; Clothing; Gloves; Goggles; Shoes. Safety Movement--Canada: Safety in the Pulp- wood Logging Industry (Bennett), 493-499. Safety Movement--U. S. Government: A Govern mental Safety Consultant Service to Industry (Cameron), 82 85. The United States Government and its Safety Program (Landry), 72-74. 704 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 Safety Training Session.. Panel Discussion, 163* 173. Soppington, Dr. C. O.: Health Service in War 1'lants, 601-605. Saws: Chain Saws (Gebhart), 681. Safe Lise and Maintenance of Saws (Gebhart), 679 681. Use of Chain Saws. Discussion, 687-688. Schroder, A. //. / Objective Statistics Plot Our Course, 397 39H. Schwarts, Dr. Louts: The Incidence and Preven tion of Dermatitis from Textile Finishes, 658-660. Seasonal Hazards: Ice Creepers for Switchmen anti Mrakemcn. Panel Discussion, 637-638. Seeing for Safety Session, 175-187. Selling Safety: How Are Safe Practices Con ducted ? Panel Discussion, 502. Selling Safety and Delivering the Package (Matthews), 676-677. _ Selling Safety to Logging Foremen and Super intendents. Discussion, 689. Selling Safety to the New Man (Glessner), 315 317. Shaughnessy, T. J., Drinker, C. K., and Mc Carthy, J. A.: Evidence Pointing to the Need for a Broader View of Accidents Due to Elec tricity, 90-94. Show, J. S.: The Problem of Waste Disposal in the Chemical Industry, 330-332, 338-339, 340 341, 343-344. Shaw, R. S.: Making and Maintaining a Good Safety Record (ihow), 660-662. Shiely, J. L.: Planning a Construction Job for Safety and Economy, 359-361. Shifts: Shift Changes. Panel Discussion, 512. Shipyards, See Marine Industry. Shoes: The Cost of Safety Shoes--Who shall Pay? Panel Discussion, 376-377. . Rationing of Shoes and Other Safety Equip ment (Molster), 192-193. Safety Shoes for the Logger. Discussion. 688. Scope, Purpose, Procedure and Effect of Ameri can War Standards for Protective Occupa tional Footwear (Mense), 412-413. Slings, See Rope. Small Plants: Accident Frequency Rates of Small Plants. Panel Discussion, 428-429. An Effective Safety Program for the Small Plant. Panel Discussion, 428-436. Smith, W. R.: Evidence Pointing to the Need for a Broader View of Accidents Due to Elec tricity. Discussion, 94. Smoking: Rest and Smoking Periods in Aircraft Manufacturing Plants (WiHiams), 244-245. Soap Industry: Hazard in Disposal of Fullers Earth. Dtscussion, 339. Ventilation of Cars Containing Inedible Grease. Discussion, 340. . Solvents: Disposal of Dirty Solvents. Discussion, 339. . Disposal of Ether Cans. Discussion, 341. Hazards of Flammable Liquids in the Aircraft Industry {Williams), 243-244. See also Hammahle Liquids. Spray Coating, See Paint. Standards: Engineering and Purchasing (Harvey), 29H 300. . Practical Application of Quarry Safety Stand ards to Quarry Operations (Uoscoe), 309-314. Stange, R. C.: Special Wartime Fire Protection Problems, 201-205. Starr, C. E.,Jr.: Safety Precautions in New Petro leum Manufacturing Processes -- Butadiene, 526-533. Static Electricty: How Can Static be Eliminated From Calender and Rotary Cutting Machines? Panel Dtscussion, 513. Static Removal in Rubber Machinery (Offen), 612. Steam Railroad Section: Annual Report of Gen eral Chairman (Bogue), 616-617. Minutes, 615-656. Officers, 615-616. Stilwell, Col. John: Annual Address, 3-8. Stone, R. /.; Highlights in the Placement of Women in Industry, 599-601. Styrene: Fire Hazard of Styrene (Cross), 607 608. Safety in Styrene Production (Eckert). S33-S35Substitutes: Occupational Disease From War Sub stitute Materials (Lansa), 125-127. Suggestion Systems: Enlisting Employee Interest (Marmaduke), 653-656. Suggestions by Housekeeping Committee Raises Standard of Housekeeping. Panel Discussion, 506. Superintendents, See Management. Supervisors, See Foremen. Swanson, A. F.: A Balanced Safety Program for a Meat Packing Plant--Correcting Hazardous Conditions, 414-418. Sykes, Wilfred: Safety for Production for Vic tory, 424-427. Tanks: Blitz Cans for Safe Transportation and Storage of Petroleum Products. Panel Discus sion, S44-545. 4 Cleaning Barges for Safe Transportation of Petroleum Products. Panel Discussion^ 542. Mechanical Safety in Plants Manufacturing Syn thetic Rubber (Cross), 607-608. t Preparation of Tank Vessels Prior to Alterations or Repairs (Neujfrowm), 393-396. Safe Loading and Unloading of Tank Cars. Panel Discussion. 544. Storage ami Handling of Butadiene (Starr), 530 532. ., Tanning Industry: Meat Packing, Tanning and Leather Industries Section, 407-420. Tanning Section, See Meat Packing, Tanning and Leather Industries Section. .t Telephone and Telegraph: Successful Job Training Methods -- Telephone Industry (Robertson), 577-579. ,. ,_ Temperatures: Humidification and Temperature Control System in Rubber Industry (Offen), 612-613. , Textile Industry: Effects of Absenteeism and Turn over on Safety (Johnson), 663-667. . Housekeeping as a Means of Preventing Acci dents (Williams), 671-673. ,. The Incidence and Prevention of Dermatitis from Textile Finishes (Schwarts), 658-660. Making and Maintaining a Good Safety Record (Shaw), 660-662. Problems Peculiar to Working Women (Burger), 667-670. Textile Section: Minutes, 657-673. Officers, 657. _ Tools: Prevention of .Accidents from Axe Cuts. Discussion, 686-687. Three-Legged Jack on Wheels for Handling Shaft of Paper RoH. Panel Discussion, 502. See also Saws. __ Training: A Balanced Safety Program for * Melt Packing Plant--Training F.mployees for Safety (Lusk), 418 420. ^ Discharging Management'* Responsibility far Safety in an Industrial Plant (Pecaro), 490 493. , Foremanship Training. Panel Discussion, 521 522. Job Instruction and Safety (Conover), 442-445. Need for Employee Training. Panel Discussion, 522 523. v Package Training for Safety (Haslehurst), 147 162. Index 701 Pre-Production Training for Press Operators. Pane) Discussion. $56-557. Safety Training for Foremen in All Shifts. Panel Discussion, 373-374. Successful Job Training Methods--Combination Gas and Electric Companies (O'Brien), 575- Successful Job Training Methods--Large Metro politan Companies (Larsen), 572-574. Successful Job Training Methods--Telephone In dustry (Robertson), 577-579. Training Employees in Decontamination and Gas Defense in Industry (La Mar), 569-572. Training New Men in the Refrigeration Indus try (Appel), 583-584. Training of Women Workers in the Chemical Industry (MacCutcheon), 355-356. Training the New Man in the Ice Industry (McVay), 584-585. Training tne New Worker in Safe Train Service. Panel Discussion. 629-630, 637. What Makes a Safety Man? Panel Discussion. 213-223. See Also Industrial Safety--Courses. Transactions: Use, IX. Trespassing, See Railroads. Trinitrotoluene: TNT Waste Utilization and Dis posal. Discussion, 340. Trucks, See Motor Vehicles. Tuberculosis: An Approach to Tuberculosis in In dustry (Walmer), 87-90. u United States Military Services, See National De fense. Utescher, E. B.: Safety in Connection with Hotel Refrigerating Systems, 592-593. V Van Zandt, P. C,: First Law of Nature, 317-319. Ventilation and Exhaust Systems: Disposal of Col lected Dust. Discussion, 343-344. Safety in Connection with. Hotel Refrigerating Systems (Utescher), 592-593. Ventilating Problems (Offen), 611-613. Vtmor, R. E.: Organizing and Training the Plant Fire Protection Crew, 205*208. Vey.Lt. Col. A. H.: Getting Employees to and from Work, 61-63. Visual Education: Development of Visual Educa tion as an Aid to Accident Prevention (Wag ner an*\ Davis), 436-438. Motion Pictures as Employee Training Device. Panel Discussion, 523. Vitamins: Vitamin Pills to Overcome Fatigue. Panel Discussion, 511-512. Vocational Education: Safety Training Session. Panel Discussion, 163-173. w Wagner, C. L. and Davis, D. S:: Development o> Visual Education as an Aid to Accident Pre vention, 436-438. Walmer, Dr. C. R.: An Approach to Tuberculosis in Industry. 87-90. Walters, F. J., Jr.: Getting Employees to and fron Work, 57-60. War, See National Defense. War Conservation of Persona! Protective Equip ment Session, I89-I99. Wartime Fire Protection Session, 201-211. Waste: The Prohleth of Waste Disposal in the Chemical Industry (Shaw), 330-532, 338-339. 340-341; 343-344. Weldmg: "Arc Flash" Conjunctivitis (Rieke), 127 The Measurement and Prevention of Eye Flash (Drinker). 134-135. Welding and Cutting Hazards in Aircraft Manu facturing ( Williams), 244. Whalen, Capt. G. C.: Accident Analysis in War time Chemical Plants, 323-325. What Makes a Safety Man Session. Panel Dis cussion, 213-223. Whitney, Warren: Safety as a Management Re sponsibility, 517-519. Williams, E. fv.: Fire Prevention in the Aircraft Industry, 241-246. WitliamSf hi. E.: Housekeeping as a Means of Pre venting Accidents, 671-673. Winter Hazards, See Seasonal Hazards. Women in War Industry Session. Panel Discus sion, 225-235. Women Workers: Highlights in the Placement of Women in Industry (5lor), 599-601. How to Get Women Workers to Wear Caps or Nets. Panel Discussion, 434-435. Problems Peculiar to Working Women (Burger), 667-670. Protective Equipment for Women in Paper Prod ucts Plants. Panel Discussion, 504-505. Women as Oil Truck Drivers. Panel Discussion, 544. Women in Maintenance of Way Work. Panel Dtscussion, 619-621. Women in the Chemical Industry (Mac Cutcheon), 333-337. 342-343. Women in the Metals Industry (Morrow), 438 ' 441. Women in the Oil Industry, 523-526. Wood Products Industry: Point of Operation Guarding on Woodworking Machines (Farra), 678. . Safe Use and Maintenance of Saws (Gebhart), 679-681. Safety Standards--Plus (Cameron), 682-685. Selling Safety and Delivering the Package {Matthews), 676-677. Skin Rashes from Handling Mahogany and Other Woods. Discussion, 685-686. Wood Products Section: Minutes, 675-689. Officers, 675-676. Workmen's Compensation: Safety in the Pulpwood Industry (Bennett), 493-499. Y Vellott, J. I,: Safety Training and the War, 596 509. Young, J, fV.: Supervisors Must Know, 290*292. TRUNSB CTIONS 32nd NATIONAL SAFETY CONGRESS /ot ( General Subject and Industrial Sessions CHICAGO October 5*7, 1943 National Safety Council, Inc. 20 North Wacker Drive, Chicago 6 n--right 1943, National Safety Council, Inc. Industrial Health WEDNESDAY MORNING SESSION October 6, 1943 Presiding:--Walter S. Paine, Manager, Engineering Department, Aetna Life & Affiliated Companies, Hartford, Conn., and Vice-President for Industrial Safety, National Safety Council. An Approach to Tuberculosis in Industry C. RICHARD WALMER, M.D., Medical Department, Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, East Pittsburgh, Pa. Assuming that one of the greatest individ1 losses of earning power in the productive Period of a man's life, that is, in early or fiddle life, is due to tuberculosis, we, in dustry, feel it our obligation not only to *eek out these cases but to counsel them ac cordingly. Our approach to these cases is, of neceslimited due to the fact that, generally, a Prospective employee will offer nothing in *** way of past or present medical history. order to cope with the situation, we must "*ve a system of rules to which we can turn. * ur situation we go about this by: b Preplacement examination--routine of all prospective employees. 2- Transfer examinations--which are re quired of all present employees seeking advancement in certain jobs. 3- Periodic examinations--this type, un fortunately, is limited to those of selected occupations and comprises only 4,000 (or one-sixth) of the total pop ulation of our plant. ^ Cases reported sick and examined upon returning to work. Preplacement Examination 1^* Preplacement examination may be our ^ "Upcc of ever physically evaluating ^*Pfeyee for the duration of his employ{r^jdyour company and, therefore, must .'jpUpteheniiYc and all inclusive. All new J2*5** *re fluoroscoped routinely and Ik* examined clinically. Insofar as en,P,y offering informa- tion about himself is concerned, one would classify him as a mental case if he were to offer any damaging evidence to hinder his obtaining a new job. All new employees are routinely X-rayed, as is any case of doubt ful fluoroscopy or clinical chest finding. We pay particular attention to any case giving past occupational history of employment in mining, welding, or in the dusty occupations, such as foundries. Any prospective employee having sufficient chest findings to warrant his rejection as an employee is promptly told of our suspicions and advised to see his own physician with out delay. We offer him a letter of our findings to take to his doctor and in many cases receive an appreciative reply from both the doctor and prospective employee. Transfer examinees are not routinely Xrayed unless they have actual complaints, clinical findings, or are to assume duties in a dusty atmosphere. Periodic Examinations ' Periodic examinations are, as mentioned before, unfortunately, limited to about onesixth of our personnel. However, we feel that these men and women are the ones whose occupations may cause occupational illness, if environment is not properly con trolled. The system of examination in this category depends upon the type of job and hazards involved. We will limit this paper to that of chest findings only. Each man receiving a periodic examination receives a thorough clinical chest examination indud- Marine Section 401 man after landing to quickly flip seat out from between his legs. The inboard end of the line passes through a block then over a cleat. Several turns of the line are always taken around the cleat. On the end of each landing boom a light has been installed, the rays of which are directed downward and brightly il luminate the surface on which the deck hands have to land. Since putting these rules into effect in 1938, the most serious accident reported to date has been a sprained ankle. You all know that the success of safety work depends upon the support received front company management, and in this regard I would like to say that the inter est and support of our management has been excellent. Safety aboard a lake freighter is a broad subject, but possibly you are now aware of some of the problems with which we are confronted each operating season. With lake freighters performing such an important role in the transportation system of both the United States and Canada, it is imperative that the present manpower shortage is not aggravated by avoidable personal injuries. This challenge is being met. Lake freighters are carrying record cargoes of ore and coal cargoes vital to our war program. THURSDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 7, 1943 Presiding: D. L. Hartnett, Regional Safety Consultant, U. S. Maritime Commission, Philadelphia, Pa. The Control oi Fumes in Shipyards WILLIAM E. LAWRENCE Safety Engineer, New York Shipbuilding Corp., Camden, N. J. Many articles have been published on this subject, including miles of statistics; however, I am sure that every shipyard in this country today has acquired knowledge through experience and information un selfishly passed on by pioneers in ship welding until it is assumed that everyone knows the most satisfactory fume elimina tion is that of ventilation by exhaustion. Extensive experiment during the past decade with different types of equipment proved that the surest method was to re move the trouble at its source. Blowers od exhausting devices were developed acc?fdingly, with satisfactory results. Res\ Pjrators fitted with metal fume filters will give some protection when fume con centrations are low. I* common with other shipyards and * hfavy industries, much care is being exer cised by plant medical staffs in routine jf*-checks and re-examinations of workers exposed to welding fumes. In so far as we r, we still can honestly state that we not had one case of lasting or per manent ill effect to anyone associated with welding, tacking, burning or heating. New Method and Precautions You may be interested to hear of a de velopment new to us at our plant. It may be new to some of you also. I refer to carbon arc burning in connection with smoothing off the large countersunk heads of tap bolts in armor plate decks. These heads were formerly chipped and ground off flush with the deck plates. This was a long, tiresome, rough and costly job. By the use of the carbon arc, they are burned off so that only a small amount of grind ing is necessary, thus cutting the time and labor to a minimum. (5/16" carbon, 400 amps., 7000 F.) Of course, the fume and dust hazard had to receive special consideration. This was accomplished by the use of a com pressed air jet, which blows the slag and carbon residue into exhauster funnels located at the ends of two 3" metallic flexible tubes with powerful portable ex 402 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 hausters at the outlet ends of these same tubes. This equipment is skidded easily along the deck as required and is kept close to the job at all times, even eliminat ing the necessity for the use of respira tors. Seasonal Hazards Many other fumes must be controlled in shipyards. One of the seasonal hazards in our own plant will have to receive at tention before the advent of cold weather, which is just around the corner. Men will build fires in any kind of a receptacle in spite of safety men and supervision, and will use fuel, such as charcoal or coke, without stopping to realize the danger in volved and the necessity for proper venti lation. The resulting carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gases are both deadly and create oxygen deficiencies. We recently issued a notice in connec tion with this hazard and posted it con spicuously. It stated that if any fire pots were found on ship contracts, plant pro tection men should immediately contact a safety inspector and be governed by his decision as to the removal of same. Fumes From Fires I think we should mention the danger of fumes from fires in ships on the ways, while under construction, and in the water after launching. Many of the fires may be trivial but there is always the possibility of men being trapped by smoke and toxic fumes and unable to get out from below decks. This is when the trained safety inspector or a good watch force man comes into the picture. He must quickly don a mask, hook on a life rope and go down to make sure everyone is out He must be followed as closely as possible by another man with a powerful electric lamp. If any deficiency of oxygen is sus pected, an oxygen breathing mask must be worn. Ventilation must be provided at once, smoke and fumes must be exhausted and a fresh supply of air blown in. Much could be added about the maxi mum allowable concentration for carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, but the main point to remember is that carbon monoxide is the number one poison killer, both in industrial and non-occupational life, following close upon auto as a cause of death. It is true that ever there is smoke you may su bon monoxide. By all means take no chances, wait for a chemist's report on the samn^ of air from suspected areas. Venh1ttc, Constant alertness on the part of watch ' force men and safety inspectors ia aa absolute necessity to combat such hazards The education of the men by their super, visors and the use of warning posters recommended, but above all, ventilation by exhaustion and the introduction of a fresh supply of air is imperative under these dangerous conditions. Several nar. row escapes from death have been expert, enced in shipbuilding due to the thought lessness of the men and not because of ignorance. They forget to think. Insulation Materials The use of insulation cement, if it con tains toxic solvents- such as carbon tetra chloride, is a menace to workmen unless precautions are taken to properly safe, guard them under such hazardous condi tions. A large shipyard recently experi enced such conditions which were brought to the attention of the plant health com mittee and the management. The result was that the entire supply was re-distilled and a substitute safe solvent provided, thus eliminating the hazard without loss of material. This demonstrates again^at careful planning will assure safe^^M^ production, always a winning pair.^^^^ The use of water repellent asbestos in sulation has recently replaced some types of material formerly used in ship work. For protection against dust or possible asbestosis from such material, it is rec ommended that both on ships and ia shops, or where the material is prepared, it be dampened and that dust respirators be worn, also that special ventilation be provided. Periodic medical examination of those exposed to such hazards is also necessary. Sand Blasting and Plating Sand blasting and shot blasting, with its silicosis hazard, can be done safeh if provision is made for standard sane blast rooms or cabinets. Special ventila Marine Section boa mast be provided, with frequent in fections of all equipment by an experi enced safety inspector or supervisor. This check-op must never be neglected. Regular periodic examinations, includf X-rays, are mandatory. The least suspedoa of a leaking face piece can be easily hiatal by the operator and should be farted at once to the safety department fta fasnediate correction. If an operator to eat sand, he will realize at once his equipment is not safe. and dust from friction saws in hops are easily removed by proper extotat ventilation and should be carried by <* from the machine to dust collectors f of the shops if possible. ^Plating room fumes, with modern ven|TMhg systems now available, are no problem in any up to date ship ' A few years ago, however, a dif*ta[.<tary could be told. changes in painting specifications J*l vessels have provided for the use ** chromate which, although perhaps ^particularly toxic, must be considered ^ grayed in small compartments, s are advocated along with safe i. When working in large shops plates are sprayed, after they in racks from the pickling use of air line respirators is ided, as these areas are too large it exhaust ventilation. Howoperators handling material in l!J*tions, especially above pickling ild be provided with respirators, be placed in the crane cabs to and vapor away from the must be furnished for any dust fumes or smoke from ice containing lead is breathed mple; when welding, cutting, king or straightening where metal, coated with paint con- Special ventilation, using hoods or tubing kept not from the job and drawing discharged where the conwill not be breathed, is istruction two types of ven d, local exhaust to remove fumes at the point of origin and general ventilation to supply fresh air to confined working spaces. Lacquer spraying, if done in approved booths, properly ventilated, presents no greater problem. When cleaning com pounds are being used, chemical cartridge respirators will give protection if con centrations are low. The use of proper extinguishers on dif ferent type fires must be considered. Fumes from the use of the wrong ones may cause the death of persons improp erly instructed. Periodic demonstrations by those responsible should be made for the benefit of firemen, watch force men, and safety inspectors. The use of instruc tive posters and bulletins is also advised. Fumigation of refrigerator spaces in ships practically ready for delivery is im portant Precautions must be taken to safeguard men whose duty it is to open and ventilate such spaces after fumiga tion. They must Wear all-service gas masks while installing temporary ventila tion equipment and, if a deficiency of oxygen is suspected, an oxygen breathing apparatus must be used. Cooperation of Management and Employee* An important item in ventilation of ships under construction is to impress manage ment with the necessity for co-operative planning by the engineering department and drawing rooms for the early installa tion of as much of the ships permanent ventilation system as possible, especially in engine and boiler rooms. Present con struction of naval vessels practically pro hibits the use 'of temporary ventilation units, dae to the inaccessibility of such spaces and the impossibility of bringing in fresh air, especially after they are closed in. The importance of the availability of trained ventilation men must be con sidered. Their services are vital in the avoidance of delays in maintaining con tinuous production. The elimination of fumes by their alertness to such hazards and inconveniences will help to minimize absenteeism and assure delivery of ships ahead of schedule, thus assuring a quicker victory. 404 32nd National Safety Congress, 1943 We must not forget the importance of organized 6rst aid crews trained in the use of inhalators, resuscitators"and ap proved methods of artificial respiration. These crews with portable emergency equipment must be available and ready to act at a moments notice. Perhaps one of the most important methods of impressing employees, espe cially new ones, with the idea of danger from respiratory and other hazards is through safety instruction in orientation classes before they start to work. This is being done in many industrial plants with marked success. We believe that such a program will be of vital interest who have had no previous sh~' perience. Before closing I want to met ventilation standards as recomn the LT. S. Navy Department--U. S,' time Commission, "Safety and Indw Health Manual in Contract Shipyaj^^. recent issue, and the "1021 Answer* Industrial Health and Safety ProblejJsS published this year by OccupatVj^lt Hazards, Inc. They are most helpftjTrJ I timely publications and should be av*),') able to everyone connected with safa* * programs in any industry. : ' Crane Safety LIEUT. COMDR. L. F. KENGLE, U.S.N. (Ret) A survey of the information at hand on crane safety shows that there is a wealth of material on this seVious subject. It has been exhaustively studied and reported. As you know, standards of safety have been set up by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, by the Bureau of Yards and Docks of the Navy Depart ment, by the National Safety Council, by the American Standards Association, by the states in their Industrial Accident Commissions and by the insurance carriers for private concerns. It should be apparent then, that since these extensive standards cover the design of the structure and the safety of the mechanical equipment and protective devices, cranes may be acquired, redesigned and overhauled with a maxi mum of assurance that from the items of design every known hazard to health and safety will be eliminated. Criticism of Present Rules From the above sources there may also be gained a well-rounded set of rules covering inspection and test. Not only is this information available from these sources, but methods of reporting, check ing and inspection can be set up, so that positive assurance may be had that these minimum standards will be maintained throughout the life of the equipment. These rules cover the vast majority of all crane operations. The only criticisms that may be leveled at these rules are: Firs* in the simplification of the rules so the* may be easily understood by all operatorssecondly, in the adequacy of the rules to cover all incidents; third, in the standardszation of the equipment used: and,.fourth, in providing weight indicators to supple ment on the part of the operators. . It requires judgment to make the rules fit into one's own crane problems. It * recommended that they be perused thor oughly, so that sets of rules and instruttions may be made out for each activity with extraneous material eliminate the instruction books issued to the tive personnel. Basis for Discipline We find it is better to base your dis cipline on a violation of a rule rather thaa upon an incident. This establishes in the minds of the operating personnel a reali zation of the significance of a published rule or regulation. Although the violatxm of a rule may not result in an accident, the continued violation of a published rule win eventually lead to a serious incident After an incident of serious nature, its effect has a disciplinary aspect. If the rules are ade quate, concise, and understandable and are complied with by personnel, no incident can occur. I believe that if we will check all of our