Document GzX4QNq7V17g3908rM1qJBD2N

FILE NAME: AT&T and other Phone Companies (ATT) DATE: 1940 DOC#: ATT030 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Abstracts - American Ceramic Society So ciety , February IS, 1993 1hereby certify that the attached copies of Ceramic Abstracts, Volume 19,1940, are true and accurate copies, which are maintained in the normal course of business at the American Ceramic Society, 735 Ceramic Place, Westerville, Ohio 43081. I cannot verify the accuracy o f copies from Iran & Coal Trades Review, Volume 139,1932. Uinsdne scmrnzer Product Manager Ceramic Information Center 735 Ceram ic Place Westerville.- Q.hlo 43081-8720 614 >890 4700 TWX: 7101109409 SC-ALL-01981 SC-CER-3957 SCF-ALL-00635 18 w CERAMIC ABSTRACTS 1 Compiled by The Am erican Ceramic S o ciety Volume 19,1940 Ross C P v u r , Editor Mast J. C a Ew ur C Vax Senates D o w th v J. W allace }Auictants CommitUt on Publications: J. O. Sltaivan. Outirman, E. E. Mamas , J . B, A n t . A. X . Pune. R. C Pumnv T. n. A.ittlo H SJS? fcs-fcS"11" D. A. Biddlt A. M tfu lib V; I. B h i m t . II. Bmekaer P- I* lludnikav J- C. c t u t n L M. Cbnrtb W. U . Coka MP..3V. .DCeaarodgidt Frock Fbbar P. Fcacar . 1 . Callup ' D.Oat A. Cfnoqr R o b an Holla M u H anasbtira ABSTRACTERS J . J. Ratal > . a Hack R. A. Hnodl P. a Harold M . a . HOI a M. Kwtt J T T. Kjrda Karbari (alar B. E. KioMulkia Voaio Koca Raban Soda . . Lam W. toawaoihat F. 3 Stallatia V .J . da MartW I - P. M ar B. H. M eballaod J, I, hat M l & ? ;% ? Satbarfoa Raad K. VL Richard 0 R. A. Racaaback B. C. Rubaaebt A. 0 . Xaarla J. F. Kbaoak LudUa SbAKuck 2323 N onh Hlfh Street. Columbus. Ohio Publication Office'. 2Uih and Northampton Streets. Easton. Pa. CK. .RB. .SSbmtKpoo AF.. OB.. SSniaomsacacbaU B. H. Strom 3t. Takai U B. TUaaa H an, Tburaautf K I. Vachuaka F. ]. Xvaaui i i . y. f: 9j1 V%. * *' r; P i:; T fIcf t.- r- K .V* "t.*r n4 t 5 1940 Coterai 79 General Ceramic laboratories: Georgia School ol Technology. Handling and disposing of recovered fly sah and dust. Anon. Ctram. A f . 34 111 12 (1939). M iiu A tu tM to- J. T. D rc u a t. Combustion. H (5l 22-24 (1939).--Three " 1 stiturv at Technology. Ibid.. |2| 4*. New York Sure methods are reviewed. Including the vacuum, the samp, College of Ceramics. Ibid.. 9. 45. Kate University. and the introduction of the dust by means of water- Jitd,, (31 78. Umttrrity of UlinoU. Ibid.. (1| 13.--The cooled ram into a slagging-hottom furnace near the level laboratories are briefly described ta d illustrated. F.G.H. Of the molten stag. The last method is discussedgfasedettail. p . f.rr.1^ school. Current survey of tutu and p ro f rets. Anon. Ctram. At. 33 (6) ITM 1 (10).--A comprehensive survey of ceramic schools throughout the Health damage by means of Industrial d u st Otto Schultz. Gasmatkt. 11, 57-00 (10 1.--Pure cool dust y country is liven. The court of instruction, the teachin It not dangerous; neither is silicon carbide no corundum staff, the research staff, and the student body of each d u st Tin, copper, bronze, and aluminum dust make slight of the following schools are described: Georgia School alterations in the lungs, and iron oxide ash es stronger of Technology, University of Illiaois. Massachusetts Insti alterations, but nose of these dusts affects the health. tute of Technolory, Missouri School of Mines. New York Of the dangerous dusts, free silica usually causes suicasU. State College of Ceramics, North Carolina S ute College. which is the most widespread and dangerous disease, University of North Dakota. Ohio S ute University. a ft only s 5- to 10-year exposure. Asbestos dust causes Pennsylvania S u te College, Rutgers University. Virginia asbestosis by mechanical irritation. Lung cane to caused Polytechnic Institute. University of Washington. Carver- by radioactive d u st The symptoms are Hke those of sill- sky of Oklahoma, West Virginia University, and Carnegie cod*. Chromate dust or mist causes nasal sores and also Institute of Technology. Illustrated. F .G Ji. cane. I t has a longlatent period, up to 24 years. Thomas Contract law for engineers. 1 . T. Vxxss.%. Ceniiut- slag causes s severe lung inflammation, as it reduces the fun, 11 (2] 33-34 (1939).--? . explains implied and ex resistance of tbe body to baetcria. This can occur im pressed contracts, as interpreted by the high courts, mediately after exposure and has a high fatality. Pyro- with particular reference to the employment of engineers lusite causes a different lung inflammation. Glass wool and personal services rendered by teem. The liability cl sets in a similar maimer to asbestos. Over sensitivensis employers in such cases Is illustrated by t number of court to flour, grain, hair, etc., cans asthma. Certain fungi derisions, some of which ere cited. H.E.S- can grow in the lungs. Methods of prevention are dis Contrsl of speed la important factor tft cement manu facture. Anon. Concrete, Cement till Ed., 47, 239-39 cussed generally. V JD J, Healthy sir, a guide for plant superintendents and (19).--Early devices were friction driven. Later, vari workmen. Otto Eunxjl G*sunik.-Int.. 60 (441 575 able-speed motors were used. Now a vari-piteh speed (1937) .--A review issued by the German Society for Labor chang is used which is operated by a small pilot motor Protection fire* the various kinds of air contamination and testing. Natural and artificial air-condirioning and which is eithm automatically or remotely controlled. New power self-syncbrooizing drives nuty be used to keep methods are discussed from the viewpoint of health, and a kUs and the kiln feeder In synchronism. . V J3.F. a special chapter describes the airing of workshops, offices, Development of central-heating systems. L n a t Ran . etc. W.D-K. Hawbeuxol poisoning may be avoided. Anon. Gerund*.. Cmwdb.-Ini.. 00 (50| 753 (1937).--R. describes the de velopment of modem central-heating systems. A new Inf.. 60 (521795 (1937).--Foisting benzol vapon must Im type ol installation is explained, u d various examples are mediately be canght by auction. A good supply of fresh air to necessary during the cold season, and the air should calculated. T .D X be replenished with prewarmed air. Benzol vapors are Effect of condensate extraction on efltoleney of the heat heavier than air and. for this reason, sink to tbe floor. cycle. W. M. M etjnu Combustion. 11 (2| 30-32 (1939).-- When insulting a new air-ventilating system; therefore, ' M. contends that the value of high superheat as a means suction openings should be located in the floor or near it. of improving the efficiency of steam power plants is being Pieees treated with a benzol-containing solution should overestimated and recommends the use of high initial steam be dried in a well ventilating drier cupboard or special pressures at moderate initial superheat combined with drying rooms. Benzol-coauiniag vessels must be kept the mechanical extraction of condensate a t appropriate covered. W.D.K. stages of tbe expansion. H.E.& Improved system la the application of nencosdessiag or Fatalities from silieoais sad ssbestoris; their incidence extraction turbines. H. W. Caoss and E. S. Wz u s . Jn. In industry. Anon. Iron a* Coal Trades E rr, 139 (37521 Combustion, 11 ( l | 32-35 (1939).--Since electrical output 33S (1939).--The annua] report of the Chief Inspector is definitely established by tbe energy drop between initial of Factories shows that from 1935 to 1933 Inclusive, deaths and exhaust conditions and by the quantity nf steam flew, from the two lung diseases in "the refractories industries increasing the total steam pressure a t th e throttle far -a and in the manufacture of pottery have been approximately given pressure Increases the available energy and conse Constant, le., 03 in 1935, 50 in 1939, 83 in 1937, and 60 quently tbe electrical output.- Tbe application o f com in 1938. Sandstone quarrying and dressing took 40 lives bined desuperheater and feed-water h ea t a t the ex hi 1935.43 in 1930.19 in 1937, and 27 in 1938. Preventive haust to advantageous in realizing gams from the its* of measures have aided in generally smell decrease: some high temperature steam. Examples demonstrating tbe of these measures are as follows; (1) use of alumina for possibilities inherent in such systems ore illustrated and flint in chins bedding. (2) use of alumina for siliceous ma explained. H.E.S. terial in parting powders, (3) use Of ooosiliceous abrasives Lighting for special Industrial purposes. -TP. R. for sand or flint in blasting, (4) use of aonsiliceous material Stevens. Trans. IUum. Eng. See. (London], 3 (1) 3-16 for kieselgubr in the slow cooling of steel, and (5) use of (1938) .--$. describes installations requiring special lamp aonsiliceous material for silica brick tor lining steel and fittings lor explosive and mQistutt-riddta atmospheres and Other furnaces. See "China--," Ceram. Abs,, IS (21 54 the use of special soureea of light, suefa as carbon dioxide (1939). M.H. discharge, daylight tubes, special daylight tungsten fila Gas bearing iastalltries. N. P irn ttm . Cttunih.Jng., ments, and bigh-voltage fluorescent tubes, for color match 00 (45) 077 (1937).--D. surveys the developments of gas ing surfaces and special inspections. H.X.R. heating after the World War and discusses the gas single- Living and working conditions in (be H stste mining heating system, the gag central-heating system, special district. Evan Just. Mining Congr. Jour., 25 (11| 44--45 gas units, u s k i with built-la'burners, rentability and gas (1959).--Dust in the mines is kept within safe limits by prices, and the experimental capacity of a boiler on a low wetting down, spraying, and ventilation. Above ground, pressure steam-heating System and an a warm water heat dust from "chat piles" to practically nonexistent as th ey 4 ing system. Results of conducted experiments are stated. ire coarse material. On windy days dust is blown from 1 W .DJL few flat accumulations of sand. Road dust, however, ec- fY 1040 Central SI lciU water hardness ha* been developed by the Gciroaii Society for Chemical Apparatus. W.D .it. Suritea beet !h m from outside t a t * vaiic J. O. COVTant. Heal T rait*t & Fereing, 33 l#1163 (1939).--- Aluminum Mint reduces beat Ion from furnace wails. Se< Ceram. A6,., 19 [1] 26 (1940). S.S. moot AXP UlAlATt fVBUCATTOK* A-S.TJ4. Standards, 1939. . A m ateur S o o srr son Tistins Matxuau. Philadelphia. Pa. Price to nonmemben 3S.00 one pert. SIS.00 two pern: 322.00 three paru.--The booh if in three pares: Metalsi Fetrout and oooferra matall are discussed; methods of chemical analysis are not fives. General testing methods are pre sented. n , KeasetalUc material--comtrucOoaaL This part Includes cementitious materials, concrete and afirefates, masonry buildinc nnits, ceramics, refractories, pyre and tile, thennai insulating materials, timber preserva tives, paints, varnishes, and lacquers, road materials, waterproofing and roofing materials, and soils. General testing-methods and itennomticro art described. DI, Nonmetallie materials--general. Fuels, petroleum products, electrical insulating material!, rubber textiles, soaps an d . detergents, paper, plastics, and water are covered. Gen eral testing methods are given. Available from Amer. Soc. Testing Materials, 260 S. Broad Sc., Philadelphia, Pa. F.F. Finding List for United States Patent, Design, Trade Mark, Reissue, label. Print, and Plant Patent Numbers. M. R ay p att axd E. B. Watsok. University of Cali fornia Press. Berkeley. 1938. 31pp. Price 3Ji- Reviewed in Jftci. * t- 01 ( i f 402 (19391. F.G.H. Report of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, 1937-1938. H. M. Stationery Office, London. Price3. Reviewed in Pottery tr Glau Retard, 71(4] 99-90 (19391.--Methods have been developed for assessing weathering characteristics of day products fired under various conditions. Work on d ay roofing tile has been continued. Investigations on refractory materials include (1) the pressing process and its- relation to tfao texture of day, silica, and alllimanice brick; (2) the drying of dayware; and (31 the firing operation. A careful study of the smoke emission from various intermittent kilns firing blue and brindled heavy clay products has been made, and suggestions are advanced for its reduction and con trol. Laboratory work aiming a t relating the conditions of atmosphere and temperature with the color of blue- firing clays has also been undertaken and has progressed satisfactorily. Drying eneks ere due to differences in moisture con tent established in different parts of the clay body, espe cially between the surface and the interior. Differential shrinkage thus occurs as drying proceeds, and stresses are produced. The direct method oi studying the problem consists in determining the fastest rate at which particular shapes of a given clay can be dried with safety, and the vanstiem of that rate with such (acton as the temperature and the trie tad shape of the body. There is an optimum temperature at which drying is most readily carried out; the smooth nslure of the relationships between greats safe rate of drying and the dimensions of the test pieces suggests that an ultimate undemanding of the phenome non of cracking will bo achieved. A theory of the mechanism of the Saw of water through plastic day during drying has been developed, in which the force cutting the Sow is regarded U a repulsion between the day particles which are separated in all directions h r water urns. A measure of this repulsion is obtained from the moisture contents assumed by the city when various pressures are applied through porous pistons, into which the water is allowed to escape. This pressure is an ex ponential function of the moisture content as is also the `'aqueous conductivity" or the rate of Sow o( water through unit volume of (he clay under unit pressure On this basis the distribution of moisture contcot at any time through out a drying shape can be thtomiceny calculated, the analysis being analogous to that of heat diffusion. A strict solution is not possible, but experiments on a num ber ol clays show a means of approximation which permits the calculation of moilcure<onteat distribution in bars drying from one end only. The experimental verification ei the theoretical results confirms the hypothesis. Msoy years' study of electrical insulation and the ma terials used therefor has greatly improved the reliability and the advantageous selection, preparation, and use of insulating materials. Better insulators have been de veloped. thus reducing the size and eventually the cost of electrical apparatus of ait kinds without lots of quafity. The reliability of certain glasses for use in the manufac ture of telephone insulators to shown. The degree of homogeneity In optical glass to almost completely de termined by the temperature conditions prevailing during the annealing process. An investigation has been made of the maximum temperature gradients in an annealing oven consonant with the production cl substantially homogene ous optical glass. The cooling schedules of the annealing process were experimented with la determine the minimum period of annealing for glass of high optical quality. Methods of producing light etch marks on glass have been developed, and an optical system to enable the degree of polish of a glass surface to be assessed has been devised. The preparation of filing materials for etched lines, required to he unaffected under specified conditions, ia described. A_B.S. Silicosis and Asbestosis. Edited by A. J. Lanza. Oxford University Press. X tw York, 1939. 439 pp. Price $4.25. Reviewed in iiteh. Eng.. 01 (5) 405 (1939).-- The medical and public-health aspects of there industrial dust diseases are comprehensively presented in this book, to which several physicians have contributed. The history of the diseases, their symptoms and diagnosis, their pathology, and their prevalence in various occupations are discussed, v v e f i -as-methods of prevention sad control. Each section has a bibliography. F.G.H. Ne. 8 Hero* ajyse* i frota l-with l Indlferaw . SitaB f Uses tp et ii isID . vgleal R-G . V. s. 3433. and uH. T S rew.-- tan fa ite ore -te ere faite atea, troces LH. 3NAX3W 9.--l a iic o te to np to jth ls h e rid , larmr whlefa ehore. jJsZQo ttf 4 tu se of Hat) ti o u b>- and r catea han is ic t i ve a-s. 1940 Chemistry and Physics--General 149 composition and properties of the solid tad Uouid phase, sod the fM phase. ?.B . & E.S. prevention u d tramaaeat of lead poisoning. Imss HCL. Orreri HttUaf. S3, 39-41 (193>; Chem. d ir.. j j , 3330 (1939).--Io Hungarian Pb worb. PI potuauif occurs in 10Oto 300 of IU.tMl labortn annually. Lead a, cumulated within tfae human organism can be mobilUed by modifying the Ca/P balance cautiously. This as done fat clinical experimeou by a diet poor is Ca and S to 0 gm. X t phosphate tiven each second day for 3 to 4 week. Aay secondary effect* of photphata can be balanced by the administration of thiosulfate from time to time. SOteie add celt: DC. C iu a u a B. Hcxo ako Hasat* tl". Pato.v. Jaur. P hp. Clow.. 44, 37-83 ( 194).--Tfae effect of a ehanfc of pH on the time of set of gels produced by mtaine solution* of indium silicate and acetic add is discussed. For P an V sec Ceram. A il.. U (31 103 (193<i). ILA.G. Theory of Hebt scattering. S. Pm tm sm uthv. Phil, itag.. 29 1193} 148-43 (1P4U).--P. shews that the scatter* in* of light observed by Rrishnan la binary liquid mixtures {-Molecular.. ., Ceram, Abe., 17 (3i 119(1933)) Is purely molecular, while no scattering arises from dusters, if any. at the critics) solution temperature. No new theories as. eTg.. those of Frenkel. Gans, or Muller, appear to be need- Bty to explain Kmbnns'a results. 1LH- tOOE Science Front, 1939. F. SsgRtroop TavxQu. Cassell 3: Co.. Ltd., London. Price 7* 6d. Reviewed in Timet lit. Sufip.. 39 (19841 79 (1940).--T. describee recent developments in science, including theoretical researches and technical inventions. Illustrated. K.W.W.B. tsKXTI Cadmium-red manufacture. Waltxr F. Miistsr (IItnterchemical Corp.). Can. 387.430, March 12, 194(1 7!Eunneam18e.ls19a3n7d; in U.S. July 9. 1938). (taxes and method of G-M.H. producing. Cm l OsxxU txsta ano P. H. Zsckacjcx (Slato G.m.h.H.). V. S. 2.194.246. March 19. 1940 (May 20. 1938).--A preparation for improving enamels, glaxcs. etc., comprises a magnesium borositinte having substantially the follow ing composition: silicic acid 30 to 30, boric acid 10 to 30. magnesium oxide 13 to 33. and alkali compounds 10 lo 29%. Magnesium titanates and method of making. J. A. PlV>'XTTT asp EvcgxS WaSNBR (Titanium Alloy Mfg. Co.). V. S. 2.198.323, April 9. 1940 fMarch.5. 1938). --A calcined synthetic magnusia-iitaaia composition con taining chiefly finely divided magnesium tiiaaate chemi cally combined with 3 to 12% of silica aad alumina, the ratio of silica ro alumina ranging from 3:1 to 12:1. of particle situ substantially an within the range of 0.3 to 3 microns, and having a refractive index of about 2.13. Production of beryllium compounds. Casio Aoauou (Perots Carpi). l'. S. 2.190.043. April 2.1940 (March 2U. 1937).--A process for the production of beryllium oxide from minerals containing beryllium and for the cyclic recovery of the m eting agent employed consists in powder, big thd beryllium-bearing ore. mixing the powder with on alkali bifluoride in an amount corresponding to 2 molt, of bittuoride for every BeO molecule present in the ore. add ing water to form a paste, compressing tfae past* to briquettes, heating the briquettes to a temperature be. tween 550* and 800*C. to cause the fluorine to combine with the beryllium to form a double alkali fluoride. leach ing the reaction product with pute water at a temperature of about 90* to ttX>*C., adding alkali hydroxide to the alkali beryllium solution to precipitate beryllium as beryllium hydrate and form neutral alkali fluoride, sepa rating the neutral alkali fluoride, calcining the beryllium hydrate to beryllium oxide, and treating the neutral alkali fluoride with a ltrong arid other than hydrofluoric a con vert the neutral alkali fluoride to the corresponding acid fluoride. Pure titanium dioxide. W. Plschnxx aso A. W. Hixson (Kationai Lead Co.). Can. 388.985, Feb. 30.1940 (Oet. 12. 1937). G.M.H. Pure titanium oxide. V . TV. P ttatK f a arts A. W. Hixson (Kationai Lead Co.). Can. 383.823. Jan. 30. 1940 (March 7.1938). G.M.H. Titanium pigment manufacture. Roomtr V . Awcacv AKb A u t i G. OrrcOAAXn (Kationai Lead Co.). Can. 380.623, W 30. 1940 (Xov. 29. 1937). GJrLH. Zirconium oxide aad method of making. C. J. Kixzr*. ANO D. S. Hax* (Titanium Alloy Mfg. Co.). 1J. S. 3.194,. 420. March 19. 1940 (July 23. 1930.--A crystalline tfr- coniutn oxide obtained by the calcination of a tireomuoi- oxygen-carbon compound without substantial grinding of the caltided product characterised u an essentially white powder and as bring essentially white in color and consist. !ng of crystal particles having their length greeter than their width and (heir thickness less than their width, an index of refraction of about 2.3 to 2.4. and an adsorbed colorless carbon content of about a stoichiometric equiv. lent of 1.84% carbon dioxide. toed la teral is V.C. values. m.,44, floocu* stannic .oxide. ydrorA.G. cstLva. .1039). sc rule 2.H. No. 7. Jed on uld be fleet of toticity oust of q: cm. hctcro* m ure. G eneral Absorption of load u d arsenic through thin* Amok. Jour. A mer. Med. Attn.. Queries if Miuor Morn, 114, 6TU (Feb. 17,1940).--Leod sad arsenic absorption through the skin does not occur to on appreciable extent in contact with aqueous solutions of these compounds in concentrations be* low 0.S mgtn. per 100cc. of solution. I t is unlikely that sic* sifieant quantities could be Ingested because of contsmi* sated buds. F.S.M. J CUnical studies in asbastorit. M. J. Srove. Amtr. J Per. Tubers., 41,12-21 Un.. 1940).--This report is based upon examination of ISO persons formerly employed in the opening, carding, spinning, aad weaving departments of an asbestos brake lining plant. F-S.M, Compensation for industrial injuries oud occupational diieaiea. E. R. JCoonti. Jour. Amtr. Jtetl. A it., 114. 583-89 (Feb. 17, 1940).--K. gives an excellent discussion of a few of the many legal and medicolegal phases of com pensation laws of prime importance to physicians interested in the field of industrial medicine. Tables show the com pensability of occupational diseases. limitations of time and cost of medical and hospital benefits in compensable injuries and diseases, and the determination of medical matters under compensation laws: all data arc given by suite. F.S.M. Consider the audience. 5. Marion Toots*. A S T b t Bull.. Me. 103. pp. 27-29 CMarch. 1940).--T. stresses (he Importance of presenting papers effectively. The-causes of complaints are considered. The preparation of a technical paper is takes up with regard lo the contest and style. The manner of presentation is also considered. The audience must be considered first is technical paper presentation. F.F. Dust-control systems for the xn*cai*flefxhiag industry. Richard T. Pag*. Metal Cleaning it Finishing. 10 (Si 330-47 (1938).--Dust is undesirable in any industry. Many of the metal-finishing processes, e.g.. sandblasting, grinding, buffing, polishing, etc., art outstanding dust producers. Control procedures discussed are (1) personal respiratory protection. (2) substitution of a less harmful material causing the dust. 13) wet methods. (4) complete enclosure of the dusty process. (5) segregation of part of the equipment, (0) improved ventilation. (7) partial to* closure under negative pressure, and (81 local exhaust ventilation. A detailed study of dust-collection systems ti presented. Air motion is discussed, aad a table of air Speeds in ducts necessary to convey various materials is given. A table shows the minimum thidcneis of metal for straight exhaust piping. Fans and cleaning apparatus g m 1940 General 205 i t gecsticuiont ire of considerable importance and fre- 1*1 73i-62 (1040).--Developments In the use of electrical qncetly accompany the chemical erarle. The department energy aa a source of heat far the carbonisation of coal are jy equipped for complete mineralgica! examinations by described. Illustrated. F.G.H. piicroscopie and other procesad used in determining rocks, Glass industry of Ohio. Axthck S. Watts. .Ohto mineral, ore, and concentrate of an types. It U (re* State (fait. Eng. Expt. Sia. Vewt. U (4| 114-13 (1939).-- mieWiy possible from (he result obtained to offer opinion Ohio is the thud largest glass-producing state and has saaS, smo the commercial value of a mineral product or to five twenty glass plants, lo 1797 there was a glass plant on sdviet on methods of preparation (or the market. Chami tha Ohio river; by 183S they were all over the tata. Tbe ear. ce! and mechanical analyse* cm also be made of soils. production of hollow glassware has increased twenty KJt, times sisee gists Mowing machinery has beta introduced. . fatal subacute occupational lead_poUoufa(. W iaxg* Ohio is an important producer of flarglass. Today this it EmMAKOr. A ftk. Geverbepath. of Garrcbtkyz.. 0, -407-1.1 drawn from the tank u a continuous fiat sheet. Other 1939).--Industrial lead poisoning as a rule is a chronic Important produets are electric light bulbs, fiber glass, poisoning. Characteristic symptoms appearing suddenly, and glass blocks for use In building construction. ike the colic and intestinal stoppage, show that the W.D.F. poison has been at work fa the system for a long time. Plant laboratory. K. SetNCum. Tond.-Zr., 62 flas Acute poisoning as an industrial disease U seldom en [4*1. 492-93 (1638).--The plant laboratory has the fallow- countered. E. reports an eeute case which came to the. faigf tasks: the testing of raw materials and half-finished to r. Berlin Clinic for Industrial Diseases and discusses its and finished products, the working nut of new formulas, m manifestations. On Dec. 4. 1938. a sprayer of lead. 49 improvement of old shapes and eonstruetloa of new shapes. sm- years old. was brought to the clinic fa a dangerously ill And loctl fdKflfcb* W.Jw* vho condition. Very carefully and fully he was examined: Prevention af industrial dermatida. J. V. Klaobsk, U r the next day he died. Ter several weeks as an occasional E. R. Cross. aNs K. Bxoww. Arch. Dermatol. & Syph. tul worker he had been spraying cable muffles la a cable ilol., 41. 331 (Feb., 1940).--Much of tbe industrial skin itx plint. The workspace eras 3 x 4x3m .; the spraying was disease is caused by the methods of cleaning the skin. fa expected to be done under a hood. The worker used a Skin cleansing, methods and materials used, and the use of ap- pray pistol in which a lead wire was inserted and the protective application* art studied. Formulas far eight " propane gas flame mixed with air. which was introduced protective applications are given. Substitutes far me- me into the pistol at tbe same time, melted the lead wire, chanic abrasive soaparcliited. Various kinds of soap*and ual The molten lead was at once ejected by the preswre of the detergents, such as triethanolamine soap, naphthenic add air. spraying the muffles revolving in front of i t During soap, and sulfousted oils, are discussed. The detergent oa this process the worker was expected to wear a mask and properties of the vegetable meals are not niffiritariy a g jrc- 22 to manipulate the pistol throagh slits. About tbe middle *T. of November he had been seized with violent pant and PjTophytUto dust; its effect and control. M. F. Tarot. nd vemitfag; he eras off from work for 8 days and resumed Am tf. fait. Ifininf Met. Engft. Tech. Pub., No. 1179; ] work again late in November. Tbe hood apparatus was Mining Tub.. 4 (3113 pp. (1940).--North Carolina is the Jh thtn out of repair; three other men working fa his absence only commercial source of pyrophyUrte a t present. PyrO- ik. fa the same small space, with very low suction fa the phyllite occurs sssodatid with quarts, together with id* veatilatmg apparatus, caused the returned worker to ask ehloritotd and sericite. All tbe pyropbyOhe marketed Is . tor the night shift where he could be alone. On November ground; it la classified by air separation. It is mined 2>y ra 30 be was overcome with the same violent symptoms as open-cut. glory-hole, and underground methods. At ts. before. Being somewhat better by the next night, he only one operation hat work been carried on since 1920. yat insisted on working, only to return home in the same con Underground, the free tiitca content of the dust is 33%; ra dition. with additional symptoms; his wife noted that 80% of the panicles are less than 3 microns in rise; dust ke his fare was as black as lead. E. details the man's further concentracin rises to 300 million panicles per cu. ft. when td breakdown and the efforts oi the company physician in drilling. X-ray examination as made ot 101 workers; 10 palliation; these failing, the victim was transferred on or those with over two years' exposure. 33% were affected: af Dec. 4 to the Occupational Clinic. The plant conditions two died. The lesions were the same as those produced a* under which the lead spraying took place were examined by free silica alone. The threshold dust concentration and reported on by E. after the autopsy. A Urge bole allowable underground is 10 million panicles per cu. (c was found in the left fide of the framework supporting Drilling is done wet: topes are ventilated by "ventubes." >- the hood through which the sprayed lead had been escap Above ground, tight hauling far machinery and exhaust sr ing into the small enclosure: Iced dust lay heavy on the ventilados haw been installed. These proerdures five 'w '-'gfaavahvsof-appliances'carrying'thccabtcs; theclotbios the-nquhed resolta. W.DJ.^ he and shoes worn by the various shifts were loaded and Recent Commission findings. Axon. Ohio Induttnal af sodden with the scattering lead dust: the mask of the Cammiuiou Monitor, II, 41-42 (March. 1940).--An or worker was in disrepair, so that be might not have worn It employee of s steel foundry worked from May, 1922, to d on his final sight shifts. He must have breathed the lead June, 1939. In the cleaning department fa the foundry, dust bt its most finely divided panicles. i.e,, in almost where his duties required him to remove hardened sand .r* molecular form. Such an icrocoUoid condition Is taken from castings by use of a pneumatic hammer. A dust Jc up by the organism with special ease and constitutes the count in the room showed an exposure well below the f* highest possible risk to tbe subject. The lungs to this case aeeepted safe standard, but the dust contained approxi r* were permeated with it. and tbe blood readily carried mately 20% of free silica. The Claims Referee was of d- this fatal dust to the entire system. From the evidence the opinion that the exposure to sitica dust was well estab if derived from the illness, the autopsy, and the plant. E. lished. and (he claim was approved as compensable by concludes that the poisoning could be called acute but also the Silicosis Referees. Acting under the provisions of an wihacutc. the worker evidently having been sensitized by amendment to the Occupational Disease Act effective if his first attack and the subsequent exposures, massive In May 2fl, 1939. the Commission granted an award of J6J0Q *r character, sustained December 1 and 3. An inspector to the widow and minor ehitdrea. payable a t tbe maximum ir testified that, after being ptaeed on the night shift, this rate of 318.73 per week. F.S.M. id worker had done the work of three ordinary mea on the Recent developments in relation to sDlcosIs. Lxxov > spraying' Kcncc his constitutional resistance was utterly U. Gardner. In i. MU.. 9, 43-31 (Feb.. 1940).--Certain le broken down beyond repair. The lead content oi the urine tentative eoneiuslons derived from experimental work a 3140 v in 10 gm. of dry feces. 490 y in 10 gtn. of the upon silicosis in progress at tbe Saranac Laboratory for ^ fiver, and 370 y in 10 gm. of the kidneys. K.R. some years are recorded. As a basic doctrine. G- con Fuel gaa generator. H arry A. Cvnrts, Ralph B. siders that it is still true that oniy certain forms of free m Stitzkk. ano WlintR J. Daruv. fu, ng. C*em., 32 silica and the group known as asbestos (fibrous silicates) IT Vi ' r fr csi-** tr* rv : Aso .V.e fPc*`.'V* $*' & P%i ?v pry[f j : t* f' #V,*s.i rh &lSe.,SeWft V* ?V ;v V* f A-- p .t. * r-t -,VV' '* r* r; J- V."?; : ' a' ?" *''' jL * %tr - *Jl w fS . f *. .:-ay J .' w & . - -V $$;&* v r eU.C Vot. 19. N o. S are capable of producing fibrosis In a normal lung. The trend of some of the Saranac experiment*, however, has altered certain concept* previously regarded among research worker* as b e d Inhaled chrysolite asbestos dbera now appear to be irritating, not because they are silicate*, but because they are still fibers, mechanically irritating to the lung*. Grinding theta down very dneiy so that few of the i h t n were longer than 4 microns prac tically destroyed this irritating property. Even with art average atmospheric concentration of US million particles per cu. ft. of air. no fibrosis developed. If the effect of asbestos on the lung were entirety chemical, a decrease in particle tixe might be expected to increase tissue response. Large particles of free silica have little effect on the body, but smaU particles increase the reaction of body cells. The histology of early asbestos!*, as detailed by G.. does hoc suggest chemical injury. Among dozens of different silicate minerals, only the group of five known is asbestos are unique in having fibrous structure and in being com* monly recognised as pulmonary irritants. The group varies in chtcnical composition within itsell more markedly than, as a group, from other silicates. Chrysolite asbestos has the same chemical formula as a nonnbreus silicate, serpentine, which is physiologically inert. In mills that fabricate asbestos textiles there may be much fine dust, hut if the dust is composed of serpentine and very short chrysotile fibers, clinical asbestosis will not develop. Free silica dusts, unlike those from asbestos, cause a chem ical form of irritation in laboratory animals. C. describes the two histological stage* which characterize the tissue reaction in such animals after Inhaling excessive quantities of p u n quarts or dint dusts in an extremely fine state. In human subjects, only cases of rapidly developing silicosis shew evidence of this two-stage reaction. The solubility hypothesis, however, hitherto rather widely used In interpreting silica reactions ia the lungs, is de clared to rest entirely on indirect evidence. I t has never been possible to prove that silica dissolved within the body, because the soluble materiel immediately combines with local tissue element*. Soluble silica detected in the urine and the blood is now generally accepted as more likely derived from food and drink than from inhaled dust. G. describes many of the Saranac experiments whose outcome individually and collectively is difficult to reconcile with the theory of silica solubility. Mo fibrosis has ever been produced by single or repeated in jections of soluble silica in its various forms. Evidences of specific toxicity exerted by silica upon living tissues have been manifested through long series of experiments last ing years: many concrete example* are given. Intrave nous experiments immediately fatal to guinea p ip produced no symptoms in dop. The toxic effects of quarts have beets more or less neutralized by adding small amounts of different substance*, e.g.. colloidal aluminum hydroxide which gives complete protection in -a 0,03% dilution. Particle size la discussed as having new and unexpected relations with both highly toxic and merely stow fibrotic conditions. G. is ciuuou* about drawing final conclusions from animal experiments alone, but ha docs begin to cor relate his experimentally derived facts into a coherent silicosis etiology. K.R. Relation between the thermal expansion end the proper ties of cenm le products. TV. H. Eaxkaxt. Ohio SMI* fit to. Em. Expt. Sta. Veter. 12 (2| 23-28 (1040),--The composition of a body may be modified to ohtJiti a desired thermal expansion. The thermal history #Un affects the thermal expansion; curtain compositions fired at low tem peratures have tens expansion than the same body fired at higher temperature*. Thermal expansion may be measured directly on' a bar or by tbe interferometric method. Bodies with a considerable amount of highexpansion quartz la low-expansion clay may show dunting tendencies nn cooling. Beta-quartz expands on coniing and may also set up strains. The abrupt quartz inversion point at ICrVC. may be destructive. Quarts and clay* have fairly uniform thermal expansions, but the feldspars arc variable. Hotel china, xaniiary ware, and finer tile all bav thermal expansion curves lying close together. The quartz present does not seem to affect them. A quarts p ain shrinks more rapidly on cooling, and it is thought to pull away from the remainder, so that It does not fill its rcecss in the body complttely on cooling. TV.D.F. Report of Committee oa Ceramic Education. Jf. TV. TAVtoa. Chairman. Butt, Amir, Ciram. So,, 19 (tfj 230-31(1940). Report of Committee on Pubiictttoai. John D. S tittVAN. Chairman. Buff. Amir. Ceram. See.. 19* [d| 222-23 (1940). Report of Committee op Research. Astkck A- W itts. Chairman. Ball. Amir. Ciram. See., 19 Ml 2M-1S (1940). Report el Committee oa Sections and Divisions. 31. E. K ouw a, Chairman. Butt. Amtr. Ctram. See.. 19 Ml 221-23(1940). Report el Committee oa Standards. John TV. Whitt*irons. Chairman. BaU, Amtr. Ctram. See* 19 fill 213-20 (1940). Roentgenologic aspects el bronehomycosl*. H. P. Doc. RadielotJ. 34, 287-73 (March, IWO).--'The signs and symptoms of the bronchomyeose* arc similar to those of tuberculosis and they are often at first thought to be tuberculous in origin. D. describes some el tbe prominent Roentgen signs of tbe various bronchomycoses. Oleosi*. E. R. HAvmrxsr. Uereh Rep*., 49, d. 3. 9. 23,30,32 (April, 1040).--H. gives an excellent short review of silicosis. F.S..M. too* Engineers and Engineering in tbe Renaissance. Wil liam Barclay Paason*. Williams & Wilkins Co.. Balti more. M l pp. Price -93. Reviewed in Seine* Veer Letter. 37 [12| 102 ( 1040).--P. discusses the amazing engi neering achievement* produced during tbe Renaissance. P.C.H. PATI NT -Coating ted coloration of granulated material*. N". P. HabShbm cix (Baicelite Building Product* Co., Inc.). U. S. 2202.002, May 23. 1940 (June 2. 1936).--A toping stantinlly free of free time in amount to produce objection able efflorescence in exposure, the surface of the granule being liso substantially resistant to chipping and wear and stable with respect to a bituminous bond. twca taken of tli advanced traiaiat eeaten in heavily in ilustrializeti communities. ihowini that there it w ite u ly mail demand for Chit dU of practice. F.S.M. t t t a d content o( human Mood. O, Lead as a poison. J. .V. I t. Chalucm. Laacrt. 238,147-50. 4t-i (March , 10)).--TompMtt't method of determination as used. Stood a t obtained from 3 t normal people and 50 hospital cates, all with no known exposure to toad, and also fro 4-4 factory others with a definite lead exposure while mann faetunng white lead and orate batteries. The blood of the controls showed a h a d com e which varied from JO to 0*1 ugm. per 1<X> ce. with a mean of 37. The lead workers. who prerented no eymptoms is! potsooing. had blood h ad values ranting from il is llli gm. per UM , with a mean of 11*4. Augmented concentrations of lead in blood indicate increased absorption of lead bat do not con stitute evidence of plumbtscn; they are a useful estimate of the degree of exposure. Clinical (ladings must still continue to govern the diagnosis of lead poisoning. There is a discussion of the problem and alio of the value of milk in the diet of lead workers. With a high calcium diet, there is less lead absorbed front the gut than with a low calcium intake. Sines, industrially, most lead eaters the body through the lungs, the calcium probably acts by helping to nx the lead in the bones aad thus prevent it from circulating in the blood. Though of great value, blood studies and similar biochemical investigations must not be given too much consideration. _ F-S.il. Lungs of cemeat workers. S. Caccvju to L. Dt- Pttaco. Fvtia l t d . , 20, 7-30 (1940).--A review is given of Italian literature on the subject which seenis to give a loss favorable picture of the health of cement worker* than is found in other countries. Histories of seven vases are given which show silicosis in grades l and 2 aad emphysema. Tuberculosis was not found. F.S.3L Manufacture of red days (brick, tile, aad pottery). A. C ocutox. Argil*, Ho. 107, pp. 13-21 (1939): S'fc 198. pp. 5-0 (1940).--C. discusses the raw products used in the manufacture of fired d ay products, the form*non of days, and their characteristics and composition. JLV.C. Mechanism of development of lead anemia: IV, Pbysiochemicxl nature of the splenic aad liver rubstancee which decrease erythrocytes. S. Kix. Jaar. l t d . Call. Kctja, 0, IUI-W"{IIW9).--,After injection with lead acetate, the spleen aad liver seem to contain some specific chemical substances which are able to decrease the number el eryefarocytes. K. attempted to determine the physiochemical nature of these substances which were obtained from the splenic and hepatic veins after injection of the lead. The anemic action of the splenic substance disap peared after bearing for an hour a t 100*. The substance was soluble in water, but did not dissolve in ether and alcohol: it was adsorbed easily by animal charcoal or kao lin. I ts action was also retain ed after ultraviolet radiation for 3 hr. *-3J4. Metabolism of nudeoprotelaa In lead poisoning. G. M ic a rrn A.vo F. M ow xo. Ron. l t d . Applicate latere fad., 10, 562-32 (1039).--Original research on ten cases of lead poisoning shows that there is a pronounced tendency to une acidemia: this becomes more acute as the potsoaiag tends towards chrooictty- N"o relation was seen between the degree of uric acidemia aad kidney function, aad no such connection is likely to exist In cases ol recent lead poisoning. F.S.M, Nature of intbracotic foci. Experimental research. A. C. Savcluxi. FAU l t d . . 26, 31-32 11940).--S. gives a review of the literature and of the views of some French sod Italian workers who are of the opinion that the greater part of the "anthracotie" pigment in the lungs is not truly anthracotie bat iron of hemolytic origin. Animal experiments by S. lead to the conclusion that car bon aad iron participate ia the common anthracotie focus; some contain carbon and some iron only. F.S.M. Occupational dermatoses under the iQinois Workmen's Occupational Diseases Act. H. R. F o t n n n . Illinois l t d . Janr., 77, 79-65 (Jan., t940).r-After analysing various sections of the Illinois law, F. concludes that "any skin disease may therefore legally be an occupational lucnse in Illinois." F5.1I. i Preventing economizer corrosion. F. J. tAtrngws. Brit. Cluyttotktr, 43 (3731 332-34 tl'J4U).--M. discusses . the causes of corrosion and gives suggestion tor the maintenance of the economizer. fLA.lL Priceless possessions. L. G u t taimo.' Hat. Safety Vows, 41, 26-27 (Jam, l4i)'.--There were 1843 cases of compensated eye injuries in Xw York State in 1023 and the colt was 5l.IS5.00U. Of these. Sti% wen caused by foreign matter entering the eye and could be avoided by the simple and cheap method of wearing goggles. Ventila tion control are needed for eye hazards of toxic dusts and fumes, and In the past yxaj the Division of Industrial Hygiene has passed and approved 2U00 sets of piaos for I such control in factories. Special goggles are aaeded for I protection against ra d ia energy, and fatigue of (1m eyes ` can be lessened or eliminated by proper Utiminntioa. G. discusses these sight-saving meaos and methods for pro moting their adoption. F4.3I. Two fatal cases of pulmonary asbestoaia. . C. J \ VtCLtAjo. Fast. l t d . Applicate Litare Ind~ 11, 28-52 ! (1940).--The first of these eases concents a woman who ; worked for thirty years in a factory using asbestos in the * manufacture of cord. The second woman worked for > seven years in n a asbestos factory. Her susceptibility to j colds Increased while she was working and she suffered all : her life from bronchitis and asthma. She died at the : age of fifty, with symptoms of n lung disease, nearly ; thirty years after having stopped work. The autopsy showed interstitial Klerosis of the lungs aad asbestous ` bodies. F-S_5L { Unemployment benefits no bar to workmen's com- peasadon. ANO. U. S . Dtps. Labor, ItuntUj Lobar Arc.. 50 870 (larch, 1040).--An employee .receiving unemployment Benefits under the Vnzraployment Com* pmxatioa Act is net disqualified from recovering com pensation for the same period under the Workmen^ Compensation Act. according to the Supreme Court of Michigan. F.3.M. CFAKATS SCBUCATtOXl Basophilic Aggregation Test (for Lead Absorption and L eal Poisoning). Anos. Ohio Dept. Health. Adult Kyg. Div., 1940. 7 pp.--The technique and interpretation of results of the basophilic aggregation test are given ia a concise form. F.S1C. Legal Aspects of Engineering. W. C. SapLis. John Wiley 5c Sons. Inc.. Hew York. 831 pp. Price 54.00.-- This is a direct application of the case method to engineer ing problems, three hundred cases being selected alter 6500 legal cases actually dealing with engineering problems were carefully analysed. Cases dealing with compensation a n of the most Interest. S. give* general dismission of the subject. Cases are given to Illustrate the following points: elimination of defames, hazardous employment, employeremployee relation, accidents arising out of and is the course of employment, proximate cause, award, dependency, and jurisdiction. F.S^L Manual of ladushial Health Horsrtf. J. B. Ftcsxax. / Service to Industry. West Hartford, Conn. 173 pp. Price* 54.00.--F. presents method* fat the evaluation of indus trial hygiene exposure resulting from many dusts, vapors, and gases.- The first chapter gives principles which are basic procedures tor making surveys and describes sam pling devices. The other chapters are givenover to the ma terials or groups of materials which may cause industrial disease. For each substance. F. gives the occurrean and . uses, certain physical properties, the clinical symptoma tology it produces in man. Che physiological responses of man to various concentrations, the concentrations allow able in the air of the workplace, aad n simple method of estimation in air. Numerous references are given. _An ap pendix includes useful constants, formulas, and.instruc tions for the preparation of standard solutions. U m i i.id n n t fficKnt v o n t* B urnirt lo t rjr p i C tt 4km o n Mt O ft, B urn,, irtprpQr}(d Cht Bunw rt u lir-t (wo p u t tltirrtittwtly PAWFS cas ECflNOMr eo.. HURST, NELSON & CO .tiw .* MOTHERWELL S R A IL W A Y ROLLING Of SV*r OL*t*SC4*W0<PCTION rMi M*c C tM H I, II. *lf|M|, | f9 4MU ^ V i. I | WftrtON' von SIMH Mt*| - Am m CM I M a (MIO, I m a ! | MS THE IRON & COAL TRADES 'LftxDCM* a r r o n m , issi REVE Iron-Ore Extraction in the Midlands* OPEN CAST WORKING AND UNDERGROUND MINING m e t h o d s or a u s f A c x w o m c m a AIX , boastoo Ire tit ViAlta* n i TV y y e aiii Aneriyriare ( nu t TUm n r uriciuolty got by band llltr I Ml* tla is tha K ldlasdt baa baa* tahao from lb* e n p t or not mor t W I J I* SO ft. tteloRwapan* 1 tba Carata lliti o iba Raacarailoo tt* wife*. TU n i n t U i m n t 1 luek lu ff 1 L a id A laciad Vy Ire Or* V o rk la p ad far agricultural u h immuUiiiWfjr altar Lhr daala' srftV aatb sd a o f ramaetag tb a ossi, wn uormilai j qptralusstinMtsidl bnaoddiUfficuult;. turMbaod;p tiint* barda, and wtnalag 1 adargroaad urerU aft iralr thrown on oca aid and lir a return1 art(nout ay coat .for hsulogt. U tba turn of tb t'c a n tu iy i n i f l ttsrea astray (riloviaf t s Mired frmjdina A aad t*ad> accretion trilb stortrann jib are te tro .. leg t i l Irauegia cato .( r a a. Iba faca a t 0 datad far lb* purport of m m o ria | Ib* orar- gradually nredaa aa Iba icotutea Is n a u is d . bardan, but all land M UU r u la r t d by Tb(a7)voAreaiebgaflta lliibba aazcaaoarraaMtarc colirfaf. ka aad Ul h u d . Whan quarry urea about to baeorea awjaactlaa i l u a taareyor aa la F it. 1 too daap for re atan tloa It rea abaodooad or Tba am alar A reatara araftordto freai tba minad. E ieo rsto rs tara Iban introducid for ta n B aad Ibio arepaiaa tba taad tn u a matt n a o a ia f lb ora U til, l a Cb s e p tu ic a of Irurfc, ar d i a l o g trim, aa Iba atatACnund d m lo p a a s t dua to tba W ar. tba Amanean caanyar at C. T ill n a sp la tba lliter red bog Ib and a o cb tn icsl digger lib a ida ffompig n d tu a waa introducad. About this Iboa aomo a n a v a ra A n t laft uoraatored. Ilia w as. a t drat aot ao much do la taebakal dilBouttiaa a t la a aso p a n y p in g am of bocinan. I t* P i Mm W o h M .H I A h , U tba Mirtiaa, S u n n a aad Uayda taft fcaaibatpa a t D aad Uyt a m . Xto ftanctiao a f tba e n trara la Ibarelare ta wra Iba dsnpad H i t toculaa aurey aa far <a preriUa aa tkaa bare la aa d a a p r.a f (to aarry Uak la reaoriog tba treasure toeaalreg toned. Tba ayarbtudia la damara) by tba CMrarer la rld ri aad fturav farmatla dada lo U til Web m o lla frost lira are al ( jib ratearme bat la a m irar HIM arary lUo. Tba r f n af Wll aad dala e iriw alac lib tba A ( th af ariibaailaa. riatta tba arartiU r a r i rarlaa generally depth af lb* ararhaadM 1 to a a r ran ibatafera'lalk I a " a n u " a aad lla t i r a particular depth al V I t b aadaraiood tb it rely a n a y gn llonablp U reran. Tba g u a n i lm atanor af taartaaKa la oreaaraiaa calla af Utrillo*. Wbaa tba r e t b a t a il ( n it b u f i . TUa aay to al f BO to 300 f t ida aad 00 ft. da stay lena a moaidareble dificulte I etrea is Ito qtaafry, paatleobrly far m ontila Local Qbiacdoas le Larga l i e Il b iba aperciba of ttoaa neh' --baa -a-l-i-m---a--d--beaIiapreitoitltai_ca__u__d b_i_c_b aotaatlsa to Va bolo gtiretiao af i woridig af IrauloM b bb 300try. n o r th s lo tto cetico af to largan bas toare t a a a M t t b a t t t o y are real U b tea* Ib atiraajtaoa aa are to BicblaM sata aad H (a a a n a n r i : o rtt, b ria af Iba d m iU tio y re t o a a re n ta b a a alfar rean u da a aaraayafyitaareraaaa, I f b b p a b rally Iba IrttuMM m l f ara Ira ra l litr a t 0 ft. depab by tba aid mat retort!iom a rp a d O ut. if Iba yradi fanrtoiim llooioilllVT [A irrTSrr^-kr ; k'.ti Hiidt - A: ---i-r-o- fatitaw Fio. A bllrfr Stf r?B - wwww L --Duo-Loro Ui t m Uvcllsd op n u o u w . are. Fio 1 - ^ x o n r i a C m m o i ass T u n i r m u n d CMM 10 Viftbuu. lis c i tbsf Uta- M W W (N ili Ed (ha M ttl mt N O lj | r t m M tn lM > / atliar | r u p od A y to fe u t t f t u ( 4n o ovarbardas* Tbs/ l |M o i i oo tbss* with m d ic u to i m i n u r kick, with a I ttb, yd. bockst (1 fob. yd. i * wavy i M M i n i t i i ; I to*) 4 * ^ * 1 io Um ol 10L H.( 0*4 d u ap io f y | U I tu . could m wteh nsstbTdta op W about 0 ft. io dsptk. * b o u t t i t { wo* by ombar of ditfwont m Ubn v k m dNMfmtiiso Ittv i aM N b at diffcftflt offacto. Tb*f inetodo tbo `dn^llo^ work o* Uo ori*ci>U W * n k j lb# * rnr or a* d iff ir,v vith short t r a (ibi " J* H> 4 a a p i i | s t a i cMvo/or or a fx u ; (ba taafwjlb sciviCor *Ueb dtapMuaa with tba iMtar, aad tha Lubw W (land) dridtor hick c u dump a d or d t r w tf |h t n it rc&ly. Tba iredjffr creata* M proMaas of UtUb| b* m m ol tba auahbaf o f uoall biku bada iNpcd but lar thU r ia lti ft it o si/ a fld ta t in to d or U |kt wit. Them a/o a f r u s u a W of caaMaotlou of d m BMbiau, srilk ar without Wad labour which ato osad la dlfftfot ^uarriat, d it 00Id W d ifin lt h fi* * snpW c u a l of lb Tbo folloiti< aro dcoerip<*iu af tha work la c b m p u r W hick ara nprouatatiro I certain typical ooddltwat. (1) I 1 | cob. pd. drtfUo a l A (Fi*. 1) r * amt tha W t aaarburdu (( tu J is f t lo. o ImmiI) and dapaaita it a t C in a w r ihaliaw " oO dalo "fom atian which ii lbi)Jbntlw) W iba |tk cub. yd.' d*flisa a t C. Th# apr*> M l is baa coraplNad by a t"<ub. yd. lU u a , S k . f - l t n u r f f aBora Vrat WmmmM iismo a - .. **. i S f f l s r tre-- . 1-- . (3) tb a ovarbord n s bo roatvad aad d(w<e(p.sJd| .bOf fom. Uf jot'f9d^thabN *d1f.tMTfWi HTbfoaith oitdkw. Thua aehaa aro ib i targNt a Europi, and tiJ*y &baro aotpot of aboot 500 to il por hr. M ita I fact tba boia n i m o * tha aapoct of h a v ti| sig u tle Into**, which aro locally known m kid and date.** Tha ridgac cousin rodomUtnUy of aubwOp and fai thoot ha tap m1 It ((n tn w iU f lost Tha Im of i Ium farrowa dapandt on tba t i n of tha navvy avd for tba H d ra tiN . Wbara the U ( |t i l U tt U t ara is uv , tha dUtancv I n n m a t to crest b irwft 4 to ft f i , tW dajrth varying frma iO ft, to ! ft., but biro mattar c a n t o n baro bava uaod la tha past, tba crust to o u t distane* il batvaafl SO ft. aad 50 ft. tod tha dvpth iro n U ft. to about 10 fu Tba chaea and lisa of tba bill and ddsa dapuud aot aoly an thu typu of waehlosry ud far cuttlag tba notarial across, but alia as tha *&glt al fopau of tha dumpad CwntrriaL Tba aalurtl angto of rapai* of aay rttcuUr Mt! conpasitieC ili ctoarolly only bo <ad whvrs U l* frou ta tricklui r-y.p ns tha dopo of tha dutopad ouforiai tUalchMif do0 U tha quarry fear. SfuaursnvsU *r* fun ntads f ti safta far diffcrsnl tu ta ria li aad vstbiaailsn I foaurialt, bueauso t. a this MfiU that dvttrrflinss tbs disltsco baiwava tbs lap of the dumpsd ovorbordes aid Ut# roto of tbs SKcaratisn. TWua ansaiupwiisau shew chat on vango aagT* af lupos* Is l|.b o riia iu Jty ta I vniaaUy, although it mar ha Battar in bauldvr day bora ibra it a good doti of slipping aad suspar (a Hmuttaaa. Tb* angW af actual hill aad dais ii itarljf alaya Amur than tbs aoglu *o*f rrMpo"sa proupssr bBVanTSuumm lt**o UraIoHurniUai Ula ptairtoiawlily tfr r t i H i , }, IB fU ii (rare Mis c in u o r. pmft to It, they paid ia m b u v noth old abolish or oaidify blQ and dais. Mgioauvtog tftsvuknnnaats *a tkvjr cpp. Conniua* ft t U svidssco p u t bt< tosludsdi-- (I) As ilts a p t might W mad ta in vsesvatar. Tha prusvnt pvrfortasacu as function af tba radios af tha rib or ta g 's of rrpoaa of tha donsad n il, mum thsaa two (arson aso U sd , that dsla fsm odoa ooeun. If tha Uorch . ooutd W uoriad riighUy with oaeh but thos kin and dala of tha n m i a*ouh! aat ha h r a r i and * wrfaca wa kicky if vovy irtsgvlar, wauld ba smek lovaf. If d s Uagth of tha jib ** * kowrvar, n u n giva * <boia af hick aaeh buckaa cauld ba smptiad, t) af tha until* a ic h lw . which is s ir 500 tan, wn M ba Ucransad ta a s ta p vaunt. Further, |f any attvnpt are dump malarial aoywbaru M r tha axem aagU af rapass af tha tippvd sari wo that tba vxeavator itsalf wasId ka imrit (g) A arw Davuyuf night ba dasie 0 tion Of which cauld ba altarud U t plaeod an It by o small aaeuvotitarm tuygettad this, but tha Commit ib a s onlilraiy dorriopmva, Tha prr. royaiu caenot bo uaad ahsro thvra 1 a# iMwrkwrdaa af mara ebs* 40 ft. b. tho (fain which wooid ba impoaad t itrta af dia conveyor whan (ha truck wsi sway from Its point af support, f t w b* say. tharafers, to dsaign a couvavwould produce hatur m u lu with am *v ' w60 f*t. Ws r InWunW* is odsiptwb wthains oaroa Uw p ra s o t aa it i s rtartl ( 336 The Iron a n d C oal T rad es Review September 8 19. F a ta litie s fro m S ilico sis and A sb estosis . th eir INCIDENCE IN industry lace reaort to prohibition of tha proser. bore U n moda therefsra to dad and b e d tria a , Tutorite te , for rilioMoa wltafioia tain prawama P r o p r a h u to a m ads . Urartian ja Iba (rilawieg pmcTwar in w o cnamdatmhto notonti in albero in ie anni n o pro b lem s u s o c is le d w ith ifficosij s o d u h tM e o b o m o n e il .tn d u alrla ] Sachoicnl eo parimanir b l i e praeaaaar w orker* a re reeelW og d o a tie n tia n . T h e f o rm h u u n i c e f to i-- t o , Alumina h r ( ia t la chba toddb: (3* <> a n a tli b i t e r , o n b l u e t ) to decrease. In re c e n t / c a n tar tilleaau malaria* k parti pawdat u a rilloaoua abrariem far u s d u i b a in A 8SCT1U.V of lb* a s m i aspect* at tbi S ? " 1* " ? * 2 ? * * * " i^W o fl U . attira With it* : (*) as* rilireaat motorini h e him mod U eba tow coating af await aad U Chlif IniMclor oi Faeton* i*slia* "2 L * , V f f w " ' " w . a* a pee aillreau material far lea M ike h r Usta with beoltb refer to tb* quMlioa a! doit m b risai w in, m e e eaetnr d r t t t f h le ad It Ruta. lueludlii* aiBeeeis ad tabutooli. I t b pointed out th at lor saw j u r e pelt, portleulore at the total number at death {run thM I n t w n , which bare hero kereilgetcd bp the Department, blue been |i* m od brauiffat up la d e u . ThMe turro baro beeo peculi/ ueefol from the practical point of dew In a id b ( the batalla* tb n of pneantha iMiaurta a t tlio necessary Undam la p r o n i t exposed la risk. 01 much Importance and mora fcaerol Intarsio, bovtror, la tha trend al mortality rat from three diesasse with or without ivtorcutnria. which bea. when comparison la mads altar a number of year, reflect the lire tlre n te s of the presentir meoeures batallad. For thil puepocr. comperieon of tha flfutat of Owe uccisiir j u n is of no Talus cod sometimes Riialmdiiig. Tabi# 1 sfwwa Jiatha turibulad to iQIceala (with ar sfibrai tubsrculprii) darlo* the bat Tsau Am f * - i< sf rie r , . (wfeCI*r 8!Z!i "* rieteOsew (Jr*las* a* tTelu). lU H t iBtt. i m i . IMI. . flefmseaat o M w i i w .. Pottery, manofarter* ef 113 T 0i4 4IS4 EtfaS?:: :: eMdrawls. Pairinana insaau 40 <t 4091 i /M Sf M 14 sa I II l u 39 Y- lH ntfMoc* i 3 s SUM. Afart. fluid i 1 4 1 fv4*a, w m w a i v t i I- 1 t u a t i m 4 ((< v im . . .c Cosfo mix (Tripoli).. -- 1 i -- rara __ ---- AfefuirWti ad ftam beta* 1 re* yiCKO-- ifaw iftf , -- SUudivwfRg withatad -- am 1 ---- 11 D mM m mmI tss?r- Rut <ta*s4Jtng m 4 dwfliflf fliyfau mai TauSZtat (wwaff CmU mbmmg pSaaak TtAeaMMaf . . .. - 3 1 4 . Ut -- _ . ciac ISO 33 9i -- K * 1i 9 S 1r3e7* m 3t 31a3 Copprmtetef .. IfliifM r ----Uii** r* f l l i liTIwtfi OtmhI tatui li a e 1 mm taro l11 u11 s -- 11 1 a s3 9 1U il , U 11 13 , t J M4 M M 3 41 9T w * 43 loar m i t . tjftrih*r teli ilo *ttuur* m m wfMd. In t*mhtty tata*, tka tatua of feaib kM h#o Wrn# u t W eUfh*n..*#*tal M s & > tfon. in variety of fftdullfie ill U otd, ml ir ipnrr (mmntud to gire 1ft bull ti* pr. ri# nrctfl|mti0ia| h iito r j in took ca st, Uh 17 tdM|r4 n*|ur, ( Ut r i * u-tftld Kit ili tuoi* trlrnfn For xmpl+, rcTrarteri*' Imlvmrie* incfwt BiMBgit Ut S3 faUlltitft threo ysM 6stota*"- *'- * 1 t S L " ? * 1 " r* roo a (H adar e l refrrowejjbrkh, ika rawaiad ir hatag uinricied m a prew y w ta i t o t u i u . m shin. grinding nod aw nahrlaitag a f refreeiery maurtata. TOa to M a o l riama the fa ta m i fra !* * * and aataatma with tn to m lstis rara ( U the fnipsctar'a h u w M g . and lerecaicalai dnnnj tha .mora in g an tita, T h e l p m n e odre - Other Crraa' ef ritourit . 4 i h . i n o . W al arene la which " /iterata ef the Tu*, n a eatarad an the death n i tea lea a ath e pruW T CUM at death, tha S (n m baine tip* plrad hy tha c o arta / of the Ik g iitrv Cenen i. H has eoi Wan poaiiMr to b e a tic e le alt th daathi fumi barala of the tant ( Y r t h th nuforiiy (ha aarapotloa ef the douaewl appeared U h a n iaralnd r i * fresi salta ar aiUetoe. od le h waii rsnenisad that fhmete n e be do# to covin ether than Iba b h ile th a of dnsL T w o ratorol a n iadiipanaaUa alara. Troia tima to to, they peaeids the (tartina n i n i e t Jnh*r le n l l i n h e which peeriviri nicchie (abraotlsn. Stlicoals and Aabcatoeb od Crrncer ef Aalam p Io re n a i panie tha nocelion hna been made la roodleal p U n i b a that A n n la earns rala- tlentavp te a . * flWeeU or cubatovi' mat n *r " the Inn*. Tho enontian b a dIAcalt oar. od the f*re aenOabln ire ant yet Uro* e*h lee to he a l , ta draw emrlntlona roWrin* th b vaatlos the HaM to ha rare* ll wider lhaa oppooea u in% righi. Ifaier lirinta which will hens to ho netted ore: S07 * ebo lna or U loneta the Ions they predato toa to h h ih lt n e a r at tha tan s a r to prods IIP If ih faltar, do either of there |ww eatmlaneee net a* '[vecifie nreinneaair rents liho tor, ar b it that the divan they a m d o n only prepare, the veil lor the acetim a n hi a c e ri t u faUnwIne lalernatloa h u been nlieeted h wn the Tn*peeter*e raeaede. Ko tose h u hem Inefeded in whlrh o peeUaortom eruunlSetlon h u ant h a n arada. Ames* M fatal n w In wbteh riltcoeia at apltaala with tuhmvloe w u prestai, cannar of the toas wan aaeaiat ad in 3S cuan ( i t par oanL). Of than 93, b IT ft w u conridmd tent *h* rearer w u tho p r ia a n eonve a t dan * , and b a. aritmia nr aiTIneato with toherrle,ie. Amone W deaths which w an loeentlntod d a n la the s u m period* cela to tha pmdMUle of Hinds balas pressai port mari n a enm inetias raaaatat we-rOW i, heiow oor ef th e ton* w u bond b IT ease, (*. per <*.>. fliaDariy with ubaatoaia, atonas 1(3 fatal cams b which h istoria at uhretoau with Inheresloria w u preas*, cancar *1 Uta lo as w u amarioled b carea flt.6 pw a n U . OI th e n 13. la Il nal toaridrred tha* Iba Mocar w u ta primare asesa at d a s* , and b , e * estasis o r oehaatoria with tobarelorio. U b bar I n Urna lam e piato lennre that antomled laiairy and reUratioa f dato and era]notion of asa incidiere and as dietribu lien Ore m u y befare nna nduaioai esc ha arrired si. The impartiera nf tho anal m n ftd pnce. M rtra roaminatiea b amphasfwd be o reeeat tore In which aahrdwyw enambetlen rerealed only odesneed atheetoivn, b a l wba* appeared to ha n anali binad d e i In a branchie tamed ovil in nvernare,imi a u m h a lim to W reinm e, and ahn nnnthrr rem b which eiltnria, tutor. Inaia and primary corvianna w an all rrraeat b tha basa. flubaUcuelna of Slllcaovu by Non-Sllleaouo M aterial Tn procreata b whleh the rieh at rillcoria la rione and auenttaltabla nr only partially ran. trattahie. the prereotino nf Ulirooi, liea eithar in avtotitutien by hnraalaea mntoriala ar a t vba Hydrautic Suwing la Indie (Ceaehdcd fiata pepe tS U lierei sralin* water la tha succisa (tomi pemp. barila* aia* uay to lad vtecap|s i l tha crilmey iteriI e beo Uu rie, u Ito nere water tton <wotrine s a ririda H uaU tf al o d i t o t la dry parimi* p a r , wton 0 larga barin Ima baco s u r Ina anllne water la ahtabad direct In errar. The ceerion pipe ts eetwuerged u u c to d br apocini Sansa u Ito poco; rairad or towetarl he n wrneh mevnced panteon. De thvs arreafrruent Sanibto to va u t ottoni s a tha auctiaa rida, ar. ^nantity ni re ad to water Ir regulated et Proni th delivery airto ni tha fem p Ih and wafer mirrare ir ceareycd bf m enu arrnonrrd acribie bove ripe u a Una e> eteri prpau in U i b te Obli. Irmcthri (t** Virtoube Jaia u , tto pipa rance la coir ir h tto tresua. Tha pipeUna datin arvUeatir a latore iato naicol aaport tto m ie al 1 t e u par avb.* Tto n u aviatore ta fed co to screen piai wilh ladra; tto eehwity af tto lacamta* ma; re cadvcad rivai aaad io dayraited U tto nf tto enporoUr ond liirly iter ventri Ihiausb Ito ahntn a* tto aidet af tha aro Tto aned eoatoiu t u uuch water, basa to deilrteeal dine* ts tto ball caarays tto toov] fa futriwr dewoterad Ss a d ty b * and'D ryin * Onartcn Tto HuberUr mielere~~b* wafghl a, m airi/ parta af s u d to I af raterfrem tha bsttom s i ito taparaWr riire contrai ratea aaat a disuibatin* piato a. 4 fa. wlda diri* U t Tto dry* Vati r of a aeriti al tkaOaw Ina, 3 n . drap. o re ilrni aocb tray cannine n mintgraded e ti| sbich fa kepi in place by * b vano pirica peritameli witb ( io. bolea. bete te driran ab a ipeed d M IL p r TTnre rener or aqstaseca ara placrd agatili ehm* tto npper ball aorfaca, aod a u : piangi piaravi b esatte fan* tha ball tn u r i arar u It fa curiti! hrarard. T to and pianga bai* h tto dawatatiu* al tha arfcilit ito ala* ta ito iraya aiiaro ro ta r * hot u t tto od. Tha a d bivio* f u t i Ua drytag to taina h j vloute anpreaimataly IO per et water. Tto o d m driiaered Tram tto tto diyfag'toU dine* M a i TSdn. tre hall n ascer whieh deUrere il h u riti bvinbsr. Tto ball o ra n e sfarei Ih. e Jft-h U S fl-n su ttalsp n fflto h m a r m a i nf ibis oradn soia fairie dr eno ha rarriari. Tto torri fa driieetsd by lite brit reorea a "teeieny reRitraciad bonker toldisg n, mntrfy 140* Una, Ih tha sndrrairfr anitre runa th riagla rat! arnrrad wb, remi Imahrt af tha urial repeway ga after hsing driiaaeed frnm tto reps' O airlr tto rs ii* T thutrt sbich driianr r tb r barbata; Ito raglilater ot Ua bsnnm bau tontreDisg Iha nd sutSnw ts ihs io sf n riavpTs tape, and b topi k piu halanrs wright, A ue-Un capacita hu llb a ija 3 area, thruueb sns af th ibnu- Lunam bvrg i Icon snd Siati Output Pie-iron eripot*.k .toarmtot* io JlT Wi.U n u d ir Uni (IU .V J (ma in i lir.N t tana in Jaly. 1*111. Crai p n ,I~ ,' l " AI t u a In fri* , trinai | | 7.Mt u na ; awl llc .r ti Una m fide. IMI. \ u , | j near, wear fa Mari u July I.