Document GmmRzYeLpORozmYqgxqrdEkgm

1154 TRANSACTION'S VOLUME 1 1* GENERAL SESSIONS -a ... ) .' 42nd National Safety Congress (Index to Transactions of all Sections) Officers, Trustees end Board of Directors.... . ....... 3 Annual Council Meeting ; Minutes \............. ;............................................. .............. II .' "The Six Cs (Wed H. Dearborn):.................... I.. 13 . Address (Henry T. Heaid).......................................... 17 Get' Busybody Into die Act (Jem Wade RSnd/awb)21 5 ianqoet .. , <r. . Address (Crawford H. Greencwcdt)........................ .............26 /The Cnss'Award........................... ......................... ................;JH' \Wbmen** 'Acimticr ... .C?___.............................. .C.\___ .. .35 '' I Safety Exposition Exhibitors.-....---- (7j}.................. ...............-`40 ln^5^B3C ................................. . * (SltATni>HAL SAFETY COUNCIL * 425 itortli Midiigia Atomk CM^o 11. IB. National. Safety Council OFFICERS Chairman, Board of Directors: E. F. DU Pont, Director, Employee Relations Dept, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilming ton, Del. President: Ned H. Dearborn, President, National- Safety Council, Chicago. Vice-President For Farms: Guy L. Noble, Managing Director, Na tional Committee on Boys and Girls' Club Work, Chicago.. Vice-President For Finance and Treasurer: William H. Lowe, Treasurer, Inland Steel Co., Chicago. Vice-President for Homes: W: A. Stewart, President, American i Optical CoH Southbridge, Mass. Vice-President for industry: H. j. Sfoerer, Director of Industrial Relations, The Youngstown Sheet St Tube-Co., Youngstown, Ohio. Vice-President for Local Safety Organisations: Robert R. Snoograss. President, Atlas Auto Finance Co,, Atlanta, Ga. Vice-President for Membership: Robert T. Ross, Manager, Employee Servian Industrial Relations, Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, Mich. Vice-President for Public Information: Boyd Lewis, Vice-President and Executive Editor, NEA Service, Inc., New York.' Vice-President for Schools mi Colleges: D*. Lowell B. Fisher, State Chairman,'North Central Association.of Colleges and Secon dary Schools, University of Illinois, Urbana, IlL Vice-President for Traffic and Transportation: Franklin M. Kxeml, Director, Traffic Division, International Association of Chiefs of Police, Evanston, Itt. Vice-President for Women's Activities:. Miss Marion-E. Martin, > Commissioner of Labor and Industry, State of Maine, Augusta, Me. GmcrdMcmager: George C Stewart, General Manager, National ,'SafetylSbundI, Chicago, IlL Secretary: R. L. Forney, Secretary, National Safety Council,- Chi cago, 111/. ' Assistant S'reabtrers: Buford' B. McCulloch, President, Bureau of Safety/ln^/ Chicago, IlL ' Hi H. G'reenwald,. Director, Accounting Division,. National. Safety CoundL Chicago, IlL '' ' ' 3 3 isz 3 National Safety Council .S 1. I TRUSTEES * 1 Chairman of the Trustees: W. S. S. Roocers, Former Chairman, 3 The Texas Ca, New York, N. Y. . = S'ice-Chairman of the Trustees: John SriLwax, Yonkers, X. Y. 1 Secretary of the Trustees: Ned H. Dearborn, President, National 5 Safety Council, Chicago, 111. Members MEtviN H. Bake*, Chairman of the Board, National Gypsum Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Cason J. Callaway, Blue Spring Farms, Hamilton, Ga. \ Clbo F. Craig, President, American Telephone & Telegraph Co.. New -York, N. Y. ; Frederick G. Crawford, Chairman. Tlwxnpson Products,. Inc., Cleve land, Ohio. ,, Richard R. Dtuntr*. Chairman, Board of Directors, Procter & Gamble Ca, Cincinnati. Ohio. Gustav Metzmam, Chairman, American Railway Car Institute, New York, N. Y. * Thomas f, Parkinson, Chairman, Equitable Life Assurance Society ' of the United States, New York, N. Y. Dr. John F. Thompson, Qiairman, International Nickel Co. of Canada,-Ltd, New York, N. Y. C E. Wilson, The Secretary of Defense, Washington, D. C. -a . CoJames B. Black, Pre^idettt, Pacific Gas & Electric Co.. San Fran cisco, Calif. t y *..y S. Bruce Black, President,'-Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., Boston, Maw Morgan B. Brain ard, President, Aetna Life Insurance Co., Hart ford, Conn. John W. Carpenter, Chairman, Board of Directors, Texas Power & Light Gx, Dallas, Tex. William G. Chandler, President, Scripps-Howard. Supply Co., ' New York, N. Y. _ National , Sdfetf Council > (Trustees, continued) > : : . ' * ; ,' ! 1, Walter J. Cumminos, Chairman,-. Board of Directors, C omiucntal IDinots National Bank and Trust Cot, Chicago, 111. Haklqw H. Cnmct, President, General Motors Corp,, Detroit, Mien. V Ned H. Deaksocn, President, National Safety Council, Chicago, 111. Ex Officio. 1 E, F. DU Pont, Director, Employee Relations Dept, E. I. du Pont de Nerooun & Cot, Wilmington, DcL Ex Officio. BgKJAMIX F. FaiwueSS, Chairman, Board of Directors, United States Steel Cbrjx, Pittsburgh, Pa. Galvin Fentwcss, Jt, President, Allstate Insurance Co., Skokie, 111. Fkahcxs J. Gavin, Chairmam Board of Directors, Great Northern Railway Gx, St Paul, Minn. . . E.- Roland Hauiman, Brown? Bros. Harriman & Gx, New York, N. Y. Lxe Wamuck jAMts, Old Hrookville, L. I-- New -York. jassyrs L. Lanies, President West Point Manufacturing Co., West , Point Gx , Cieoccz E. Ixichty, President, Railway Labor Executives' Assn., Washington, D. C. C`wttY>t A. Pater.. President, Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, Px . Walter ,P. Reuthek, .President Congress of Industrial Organiza.tionk, Washington, D. C W. S'. S. Rhoocas, Former Chairman, The Texas Gx, New York, N; Y. Hexkxt E. .Smith, Member, Board of Directors and Former Chair man, United States Rubber Gx, New York, N. Y. John Sulwell, Yonkers, N. Y. Akthu* E. Stoooamj, President Union Pacific Railroad Co., Omaha, Neb. " / Joan T. Tmite, President, Pan-American World Airways System^* New York, N. Y. , Qj Thomas J. Watson, Chairman, Board of Directors, International Business Machines Corjx, New York, N. Y.' . RotsE*r:W.- Wooottnr, Chairman, Executive Committee, The Cbca- ' Cola Co- Atlantx Gx - ., Motional Scrfetf Council BOABD OF D1BECTOBS Chairman, Board of Directors: E. F. do Pont, Director, Employee Relations Dept, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co,, Wilmington, DeL Vice-Chairman, Board of Direciors: Kirk Fox, Editor, Successful Farming, Meredith Publishing. Ca, Des Moines, Iowa. Members Mrs. Almex Armstrong, Director, Home Departidfent, Indiana Farm Bureau Cooperative Association, Inc.', Indianapolis,-. Ind. ^ V, * f. James Ashton, Manager, Delaware Safety Codncil, Wilmington, 'Del. William B. Barton, General Counsel, Chamber of Commerce of * the United States, Washington, D. C T. N.'Boate,. Manager, Accident Prevention Department;;Association of Casualty & Surety 'Cos, New York, N. Y. Norman E. Borges.soh. Deputy Superintendent. State Dept, of Pub lic Instruction, Lansing, Mich. W. F. Brown, Safety Director, Consolidated Edison Co. of New York, Inc, New York. E. J. Buhner, Chairman of the Board,, Silver Reel Motor Express, Inc, Louisville, Kv. Arthur C Butler, Director, National Highway Users Conference, Washington, D. C. Ray Carr, Advertising Counsel, Portland, Ore% Jesse Clark, Grand President, Brotherhood of Railroad Signalmen of America, Chicago, 111. ` ' .* D*. Zenas R.. Clark, Administrative Assistant, Wilmington Public . Schools, Wilmington, Del. Reginald Cleveland, President, Greater New York'Safety Council, New York, N. Y. John M. Convert, Employee Relations Div., National Association . of Manufacturers, New York, N. Y. Charles R. Cox, President, Kennecott Copper Corp., New Yoric, N. Y. Ernest G. Cox, Chief, Section of Safety, Bureau of Motor Carriers, Interstate Commerce Commission, Washington, D. C 6 < ' * I F..tonal Cornell (Board of Directors, continued) fa Nm IL.Deassobh, President National . . Council,-Chicag^Jli) ' E. F. m Pont,- Director, Employee R< Dept, E. I. du PSit de Nemotin & Cix, Wihnhsgton, Dd. - .Wamjiob Falvzy, President^ Massachusetts Bonding and Insurance' ' ' Co4 Boston, Mass. / , '. R. H. Fobcusok,' Assistant Director, Industrial Relations, Republic . Steel Corjx, Qevdand,.Ohio. . , ,, Ds. Lowxu. B. Fishxx, State Chairman, North Cditral Association ;; , of Colleges and Secondary Schools, Umreriity of Illinois, Urbana,. ' -`.-ID- ' c; rtj. _` ,. * * Kouc. Fox; Editor, Successful Farming, Meredith Publishing Gx, Des Moines,- la. ' yy V O) Pact. EL- Gnxsn; Director, Bureau of Labor Standards, .!/. S, Dept . f, of Labor, Washington, D. C ' . " ' ' /*,'*:* , LzoxXm HazceS, Director, Technical. Service and 'Researdi Dept, National Association of Home Builders, Washington, D. G; - ' \ * ' . * ' ' * ' * O. R. HattwkV'Consulting Safety Engineer, Crown Zellerbaeh Corp. "^ffl^ther companies, Portland, Ore. , . - --v t J ; ' ' f . ** '. Dak Houikcswokth, Manager, Oklahoma Gty Safety ' Council, Oklahoma Gty, Oklau . - \ . ,%i , I ,. ii* * Dt Hamu> K.' Jack, . Supervisor, Health and Physical'Education, V : 1 ' Safety'and^Recreation, State Board of Education, Rkhmood,- Va.'. , 4. * " .* * *' `V ; ' - * - '<> ' Geoacs A.`Jacosy, Director of Personnel Services, General;,Motors *. Corm Detroit, Mkh. . G- ' ` pv .* ' - . / ` - r^x . V *".A-** 1r 1 * '"ft' I ' * <:*' \ ^*Joskfh- M/KAitAK| SecretaryManager, Greater'Los Angeles Chap^': ter, National Safety Comsdi, Los Angeles, Calif. . - - -./-v.i- .. *>- > -E,'.:fW. '.-KzscnbK,. Asamai Vice Pr&Mettt,. Industrial.-: Refationai '': -United States'Sted GvPittsburgh, P4.; " '> : ;,.yy'' , r ! : Mai'"F2'.W. Kkicbt. Cartersville. Ga. I National Safety Council (Board of Directors, continued) Boyd Lewis, Vice President and Executive Editor, NEA Service, Inc., New York, N. Y. William H. Lowe, Treasurer, Inland Steel Co, Chicago, 111. E. C McFadocn, Vice-President, Texas Employers' Insurance Assn., Dallas, Texas. .Miss Maxiom E. MAxtin, Commissioner of Labor .and Industry, State of Maine, Augusta, Me. T. M. Maxtin, President, Lion Oil Co, El Dorado, Ark. vs t f. W. Molaxd, Chairman of the Board, Industrial Gloves Co, Dan- ville. III. at . * Walter E. Montgomery, Safety Director, Quebec Asbestos -Mining, Assn^ Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Haxxy^ M. Moses, President, Bituminous Coal Operators Assn, . Washington, D. C. . D. E. Mounts, Manager of`Safety, New York Central System,' New York, N. Y. '. Guy L. Noble, Managing Director, National Committee on Boys and Girls Qub Work, Chicago, III. Henxy F, 'North, Vice-President. Metropolitan Life Insurance Co, San Francisco^ Calif. Wesley I. Nunn, Manager, Advertising Dept, Standard-`Oil Co. (Indiana), Chicago, 111 Cucton W. Phalem, President, Michigan Bell 'Telephone Co, De troit, Mich. Haxxy L. Powell, Manager, Manufacturers Sales, Goodyear Tire fk Rubber Co, Milwaukee, Wis. Mxs. Ivy Bakex Pxiest, ^Treasurer of the United States, Washing ton, D. C. t' 1' Haxxy Read, Executive Assistant to the Secretary-Treasurer,' Con gress of Industrial. Organizations, Washington, D. C Mrs. Jean Wade Rindlaub, Vice-President, Batten, Barton, Durstine k Osbotn, New York, N. Y. 1 A. V. Rohwedex, | Supervisor of Safety and Welfare, Duluth, Mis-1' sabe k Iron Range Railway Co, Duluth, Mbm. i ' !8 National Safety 'Council (Board of D'xtciors, contimud) Makti* Ronxixc, Chief Engineer, Power Machinery Div, Minneapoiis-Moline Co, Minneapolis, Minn. Rtmtxx T. Ross, Manager, Employee Service, Industrial Relations. Ford Motor Co, Dearborn/Mich. P. L. SatMtLLn, General Vice-President, Iritemational Association of Machinists, Chicago, III. La E. Skzzl, Chief Justice, Court of Appeals of Ohio; Eighth Appellate District, Cleveland, Ohio. Robot R. Swoogxass, President, Atlas. Auto Finance Co./^tlanta, Ga. Loire J. Scumsom, Gty Traffic Engineer, Gty of Chicago. H. J, Swan, Director of Industrial Relations, The Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co, Youngstown, Ohio. . J. C Stexxett, Manager, Acddent and Fire Prevention Dept., National Assn, of Mutual Casualty Companies, Chicago, 111. R. S. Stevewsox, Executive Vice-President, Allis-Chahners Manu facturing Co, Milwaukee; Wis. W. A. Stewaet, President, American Optical Co., Southbridge, Mass. RaxqalL' C Swaxsok, Farm Safety Specialist, University of Wis consin, Madison, Wis. *. Cot. W. L. Tuibs, Assistant for Ground Safety, DCS/Persooaei, HQ U. S. Air Force, Washington, D. C Akxotn H. Vey, Director, Bureau of Traffic -Safefy, Dept of Law and Public"Safety, Trenton, N. J. Atrau* W. Wallaxdex, Assistant to the President, Consolidated Edison Ca of New York. Miss Judith Walls, Director of Public Affairs and Education, 'S National Broadcasting Co, Chicago. - . e Mas. Gdobge Welles, J*, Duluth, Minn. Da. Geobce M.; Wheatley, 3rd Vice-President, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co, New York, N. Y. E L.' Wheels*, President, Wheeler Protective Apparel, Inc^Ghi- cago, I1L " , O- D*. William P. .Yaxt, Director of Research and Development, Mine Safety Appliances Co, Pittsburgh, Pa. 35 ' WofliTen's Activities Session ' `(Two Bound 'toMo Mscuastoiisi) v ... flrttidZtff: Miss Makow E. Maktoc, Vice-President, Women's Activities, National Safety ; Council; Commissioner of Labor and Industry, Augusta, Me. _ L Safety Is Our Job Moderator: MtS. Viola A*mstokc, Home Dept., Indiana Farm Bureau `Cooperative Assn, IndiaBapdis, Ind. Pgrticipbmts: . ' Aches D. &atoh. Dir, Women's Diy, Automotive Safety Foundation, Washing- m.nc iJ D*. Iemaoeke N. Holloway, Educational Consultant, Greater Cincinnati Safety Council, OBo. ' Ys: Sally Raxck, Dir., Home Div., Louisville Safety Council, Ky. ' % ! .***. Mae,joke May, Dir., Home Safety, Greater New- York Safety Council, N. Y. '2-. We Work lor Safety Tool .... Moderator: Mis. Fkra W. Kwicirr, Cartersville, Ga.; Safety Chairman, National Congress of Parenis and Teachers, Chicago, I1L Partktfomts: . . Miss Ikmamt Downs, Safety OiairauivRhode Island Assn, of Insurance Women, . Providence; R. L * . |. 'Mis,. J. Howaed,' Hodge, Midland, Texas; Safety, ChairmaA, General Federation of ; Women'* Gobs, WasMngtoo. D. C. ; 'jftJDQt Gsauumk Macslwahe, Municipal Court, Toledo, Ohio. lAua C. MilXSj Dir, Women's Activities, National Safety Couadi, Chicago, I1L (Substi tuting''for Miss Imkhe Mtmrz, Pre% Rochester, N. Y,, Safety Council.) 40 Safety Exposition Exhibitors NORTH AND SOUTH EXHIBITION HALLS SECOND AND THIRD FLOORS--CONRAD HILTON HOTEL - Acme .Protection Equipment Co, Chicago, HL, Manufacturers--Industrial Gas Masks and Accessory Equipment! Admatic Corp, Chicago, DL Manufacturers--Automatic Slide Projection Equipment. Advance Glove Mfg. Co, Detroit, Mich. Manufacturers--All Types of Work Gloves, Safety Gloves and Leather Safety Clothing. Aetna Casualty ft Surety Co, Hartford Coen. Accident Prevention, both on and off the job--Driver Training Device. Alan Wood Steel Co, Coeshohocken, 3^a. Manufacturers--AW Algrip Abrasive Roiled Steel Floor Plate. American Abrasive Metals Co, Irvington, N..J. Manufacturers--Non-Slip Safety Stair Treads and-Platforms. American Allsafe Go, Inc, Buffalo, N. Y. Distributors--Industrial Safety and Fire Protection Equipment American Chain ft 'Cable Co, Inc, Bridgeport, Goon, ., Manufacturers--Chains, Cable and Wire Rope of Various -Kinds and SixespjJt^el and Maileable Castings; Brakes and Brake Controls; Cranes; 'Hoists; Values and Fittings. I 'i ' ,. \ ,j Americaa-IaFnaaco-Foiirftk^Corp, Elmira, N. Y. ~ ` ~ Fighting Equipment and Safety Specialty Products. dory Protective Devioes; Safety Clothing Ampeo Metal, Inc, Mflwaakee, Wit. -' Manufacturers--Complete Line of Non-Sparking, Corrosioo-Resistant Safety Took. Ansul Chemical Co, Fire Equipment Diva, Marfi3ette,Wls; Manufacturers and Distributors--Anstti Fire Extinguishing Equipment Jkcadia Mfg, Co, Bintifagliam, Mk^ f . Manufacturers--Plastic-Coated Gloves and Aprons for Industry. Armory Street Safety Shoe* Dim, Commonwealth 8boe ft Leather Co, Whitman, Manufscturers--Safety Shoes. >-r/ Award Incentives, Inc, New*York; N. Y. /' Manufacturers and Creators of Safety Incentives Award /Programs, Emblem*, Plaques, and Trophies. Ayerst Laboratories, New York, N. Y. Manufacturers--Industrial Protective Creams. - '; Bashlln, W. M,'Co, Grove City, Pa.' Manufacturers--Linemen's and Industrial Safety Equipment Bausdi ft Lotrib Optical Co, Rtxihester, N. Y. Manufacturers--Safety Lenses, Safety Eyewear, Ortho-raters. Safety Exposition Exhibitors 41 Beryffinm Crn^x, Readme. Pa. Manufacturer^--Safety Took. B "" MM 1C, Co,, Inc, Hew Yor^N.Y. , ..oiisher*--Safety Maintenance and Production; Best's Safety and Maintenance Directory; Your Safety New*. Ek^lsktea Steel Ox, IktMgfen. Fa. Manufacturer*--Wire Rope Slings, Standard and Braided Slings. Better Ugirt; Better Siftt Bureau, Nor York, N.-Y. Educational Information Concerning the Importance of Proper lighting to Indus trial Acddenf Preventkm.' , BQ-Jaat Ite/Arebbold, Ohio . o 1 Manufacturers--Tubular Steel Scaffolding and Equipment. Portable Steel Bleachers. Eknst^DK^ ' Manufacturers-r-Outdoor Footwear. BrecHey WasMountaia Co` MHwaakee, Wk Manufacturers--Group Washing Equipment Bredy/Wi 3BL Co, lOhscBloee^ WIs. _; Maattfacfnrers--Self-Sticking Safety Signs,' Pipe and Conduit Markers, Warning Strips and'Squares, Dotted Line and Skip-Strip Aisle Markers, Pinstripe Stencils, - and Other Special Markers and Signs. Breei Join* BL lac, Springfield, Masts. Manufacturing Chemists--Industrial Hand .Cleaner; Hair and-Scalp Preparations. Profctt Dim, Hew York; N. Y. Manufacturers of Pharmaceutical!. 7 faev Stewart K* Mg. Co Mew York, N. Y. ,,annfactttfer--Electrkal Safety Equipment Explosion-Proof and Vapor-Proof Portable Inspection files, Explosion-Proof Flashlites, Grounding Devices.. BrnBa ft Cot !n&# Indianapolis, Ind.1 Mjmttfacturera--Floor Treatments, Cleaners, Disinfectants, Insecticides. Buhrifce, R. fL, Ox, Chicago, IE, Manufacturers--Occupational Safety Equipment and Products for Construction and Maintenance. * - Bolted, B. D* Co, San Fraacteo, Calif. '. Manufacturer*--^Industrial Safety Equipment for Every Industry. 'Vdl-orkSoloBi^l!ten^^ - Manufacturers--Vtd-Cork and Vul-Cork Neoprene Soles and Heels. Chaney A. 1L, Co, Ceutnlia, Vo. . Mteufacturers--Hot Line Maintenance Took and line Construction Tools. CTmAaNm TSMA Cn.. Clwfestqn. gL C.WWullllfltt^WvVvvv ppOlv 'MW 'Miporo Tl1IHltl|Ulll,^w --w . , Mannfacturers lineman and Industrial 'Gloves, Sleeves, Aprons,''Safety Devices.- Cbsafcal 8pidi!tkt SpringSeM, TMtevr Manufacturer*---Protective Hand Creams and Cleansers. '. CUato Bf SfekM Ox* CUaico, H. Manufacturer*--Head and Eye Protective Equipment ' Coca-Cdt.Co, 'Attest*? Ga. Manufacturers--Coca-Cola, , ' Colmxitea Gkm Mfg. Co. Columbus, Ohio Manufacturers--Coated Gloves and Aprons. '-^oloinbarllelGim Chain Coep* Teisawaada, N. Y, Manufacturer*--Alloy Steel Sling Chains. 42 1954 National Safety Congress C-O-Two Fin Equipment Co* Newark, N. J. Manufacturer*--Carbon . Dioxide mud Dry Chemical Extinguishers and Systems, Smoke Detector*. . 1L B* Co* Pittsburgh, Pa. Manufacturer*--Safety Marking Tool*. Davis fernttfiney Eqtifx&sil Co* lac* Newark, N. J. Manufacturer*--Respiratory Protection, Combustible Gas Indicators, General Safety and First Aid Equipment Defer Watchdoek Co*p* New York, If. Y.' ' Manufacturer*--Watchmen'* Cocks. . Bivenwy Corp* Chicago, DL ' , Manufacturer*--Slip-Free Abaorbenta, Non-Flammable Multi-Purpoae Qeanera. Docksoa Corp* Detroit, Mich, Manufacturers--Industrial Head and Eye Protection Equipment--Goggle*,/ Face Shields, Helmets, Distributor*--Eye Saver* and Respirator*. Dow Coming Corp* Midland, Midi. . Manufacturers-^Sight Savers and Sight Saver Cleaning Stations. T Dtmn Products, fehkago, HL 4 f , /' '\ Manufacture** and Distributors--Protective Qothing tQrytnduatrial'^WcqJcprs Made from Asbestos, Leather, Rubber, Neoprene and-Fire-Proofed Duck. Du Pont S. L De.Nemoiun & Co* Inc*'Wflmfagten, DeL ; Manufacturers--Flame Retardant for Fabrics and Paper, Anti-Slip Floor Waxes, . Protective-. Creams,- iNeoprener.Products.... ... Hafie-Pkher Sale* Co* Cincinnati, Ohio -* Producers--Eagle-Picher -Industrial Floor-Dry No. 85. A heavy duty and anti-skid light reflecting absorbent for plant safety and maintenance. E A J Mfg. Co* Burbank, Calif. Manufacturers--Automatic Resuscitation Equipment for Emergency First Aid. Edmont Mfg. Co* Coshocton, QMo ( Manufacturers--Coated Fabric Work Gloves. EUJott Sendee Co, Mt Vernon, N. Y. . . Publisher*--Accident Prevention" Displays; Safety Conference Programs; Super visor's Weekly Bulletin; Suggestion System Service. Brnhocograf Corp. of America, New York, N. Y. * Manufacturers--Stgn-Maldng Equipment, Safety Posters,"Training an Visual Aids, Directory .Signs. Etnetwwt, J. H* Co* Cambridge, Mass. Manufacturers--Resuscitation Equipment ' Fairfield Glove Co* Fairfield, Iowa Manufacturers--Industrial Gloves and Mittens. FeadaU Co* Chicago, Hi Manufacturer*--Head and Eye Protection Equipment Fine Organics, Inc* Neif York, N. Y. - Manufacturer*--High'Flash, Low Toxicity Safety Solvents. Fireye Dtvn* Electronics Corp. of America, Boston, Mass. Manufacturers--Electronic Fire Detection Equipment Fr&anBk Mfg*, Cgoo#*# MHoesaitoottHsetg, Xnd* ^ t s';- ** Manufacturers--litters, Emergency Splints,1uPIrs'tjAid Kits, yConn.'Journiquets, Fracture Equipment \7 Safety.Exposition Exhibitors 43 F 'Mbs, Research Co* Philadelphia, Fa. nufaeturer*--Anti-Slip Floor Maintenance Materials. t proanitlt Indostriek Bufcftsqtie, Iowa Manufacturer*--Portable Weldtajr^hield and Protectlre Heat Qoth. ,* Baatmil Co* Mewton Upper FaUaTIfemu Manufacturer*--Complete Industrial Fire Alarm and WTfttchmen's Reporting Systems. 3cMcd Dstnit Coipt, Detroit lOdt Manufacturers--General Quick Aid Fire Extinguishers and Allied Items.. ' v Manufacturer*--Grip-Strut Grating. 1rttott.il Knight Co^ Worcester, Mats. ' Manufacturers--Safety Shoes, Leather Hand Guards, Protective Clothing, Line men's Belts and Holsters. Iro-Cocd Ru$*bef Go* Lima, Ohio Manufacturers--Gro-Cord, Raw-Cord and Neo-Cord Soles, Heels and Taps.. flaw* Drinking Faucet, Co, Berkeley, CaK, * - ` Manufacturers--Emergency Eyewash Fountains, Emergency Showers and. Goggle .. Wash Fountains. . Sewaoo, John, Co* Hew York, N. Y. _ . Manufacturer*--Automatic Ground & Process Controls, Staticator-Master Static . Alarm Systems, High Speed Static Control Systems & High ' Voltage`DlC. Insu- . * Utioo' Test Tests. i , Floor Machine Co*, Chkago,-HL Manufacturer-Floor Cleaning, Maintenance Equipment and Supplies. Halyard Chemical Co, St Joseph* Mo., Manufacturers--Safe, Economical Floor Treatments, Building Maintenance, Sanita tion Products, Equipment and Materials. * HoUahd-Radne Shoes, loo* Holland, Mkh. Manufacturers--Men's McCOY Cushioned Safety and Dress Shoes. Hygiene Research, Inc* Hew York, M.Y. * _ Manufacturers--Protective Creams for the Skin and Mistproofing Qo'th'for Goggles and Windshields. . By-Teat Mva* taternafiocal Shoe Gx," St. Louis, Mo. Manufacturers and Distributors--Safety Footwear; Also Conductive" and "Special -'Types for Atomic .Usage. ' ' `' Industrial Qtons CovDaavOQe^IO. ... Manufacturers--Lather, Asbestos, Dude, Wool, Woveri-Gard. Safety Apparel; ' Finger Guards. ladastiM Prodocte'Co^.PMladelphk, Pa. Manufacturersr--IPCO Safety Equipment for All Industries. j Institute of Ihdnsttial Lamsderes^ . A Complete Coverall and; Wiping Qoth Service for Industrial Plants. ' Insto-Oatt.Cprp, Detroit, MIA.. . . Manufacturers--Underwriters and Factory Mutuals Approved Torches and Furnaces. xstiittt Rubber Products Ooc^ --Manufacturers--Safety Rubber-TrafSeones* . . r"'j ' Iron Agf'ilftty SfWfft* CMMa 1> Cqu Tne* Pmsburgh-'P*!' y ` . Miuitdadhrert-^Complete Line Men's`and Women'! Leather1 ahd'Rubbe^Tn&istrial Safety Footwear. : 44 1954 National Safety Qongress Jaeksoci Product*, Inc, Warren, Mkh, Manufacturers--Insulated Electrode Holders, Cable Connectors, Face Shields and Goggles. Jomac, Inc, Philadelphia, Pa. Manufacturers--Jomac Safety Gloves, Safety Sleeves, Hand Guards, 'Heat and Flame Resistant Gloves and Jomac Armorkote Gloves. Jones & Co, Ramfocd, R. L Manufacturers--Jones Full-Vision Yisor.Goggles. Junlda Safety Appliance Co* le* LorfsvUk, Ky. Manufacturers--Power Press Guards, Grinding Wheel Shields, Stretcher Equipment Justrite Mfg. Col, Chicago, HL Manufacturers---Safety Cans; Oily Waste Cans; Safety Electric Lanterns; Flash lights and Fire Extinguishers. Karel First Aid Supply Co, Chicago, HL Distributors--Industrial Hospital Supplies and Equipment. keDey-Mahonxey Co, LouMQe, Ky. Manufacturer^--Convoy Skid-Dash' Proof Enamel. Keystone View Co* Meadvffle, Pa. ' ,, Manufacturers--Original Binocular Visual Screening Tests for Industry. '` Kidde, Walter, & Co, Inc, BeHetflle, N. J. Manufacturers--Fire Detecting and Extinguishing Equipment Kimball Safety Products Co, Cleveland, OhS Manufacturers---Safety Devices for the Personal Protection of Workmen In Industry. Klein, MatHas St Sons, CHeago, IDL Manufacturers---Linemen's and' Electricians' Tools and Safety Equipment Kuna, J, Glove Co* Chkags, HL ' Manufacturers--Linemen's, Bridgemezfs and Welder's Quality Gloves. Legge, Walter G* Co* Inc, Mew York, N. Y. t Manufacturers--Safety Floor Preparations; Conductive Floor. Coatings; Static Grounding Devices' for PersooneL . - Lehigh Safety Shoe Co, Bimmus, Pa. . Manufacturers--Leather and Rubber Safety footwear. Lightfoofc Sctaltx Co* Mew York, N. Y.- Manufacturers--SMu- Cleansers, Powdered, Bar, Liquid; Skin Conditioners and Powdered Soap Dispensers. Litton, P J, Machine Co, Cfekaeo, HL . Manufacturers--Punch Press Safety Equipment and Coil Handling Equipment Louisville Ladder Co, Louisville,-Ky. Manufacturers--Aluminum Ladders and Scaffolding Equipment. Lowery Brothers, Chicago, HL Wire Rope Splicing Service. Luther Mfg. Co, Inc, Olein, N. Y. * Manufacturers--Power Press Guards. t Maico Co* Inc, Minneapolis, Hum. Manufacturers--Audiometers, Auditory Training Equipment, Strethrons and Hear ing Aids. , Marsh & McLennan, Inc, Chicago, HL Insurance Brokers and Agencies. ... - Martmdalc Electric Co* Cleveland, Ohio . ... 1 Manufacturers--Martindale-Protective Dust Mask' and Electrical Testing Instru ments. Safety Exposition Exhibitors ' 45 Ifasury-Young Go, Boston, Msaii, Manufacturer*--Floor Maintenance Material!, jicAnJTIoffli Safety Shoe Dim; Melville Shoe Corp^ New York, N. Y. Manufacturer* and Distributoi*---Thom McAn Safety Shoes. McDermott, JnEkn A, Corpu, Corona*!* 1, N. Y. Manufacturer*--Warning- and Safety) lights for Municipal, .Industrial, Utility and . Aviation Use. McDbctuld, B. F* Cou, Lo Angeles, Calif. Manufacturers and Distribntors--Industrial Safety Equipment. Ifcjota Cotp^ Lot Angeles, CaH,_ ^ Manufacturer*--Automobile Safety Beits., Medford ;Mffc Cow Medford, Ore. 1 ' , Manufacturer*--`Haggards' Folding Stretcher. Mctifcal Supply Co* Rockford, BL 1 Manufacturer*--Flexible Unit First Aid, Snake Bite First Aid, Burn First Aid. Melfles Products Go, Inc,,, Akron, Ohio Manufacturers--Flooring Materials, Treads and Standing Mats. Metal Arts Co, Ijnc^'Rodbeater^ N. Y. Suppliers of Emblems, Jewelry, Metal, Plastic, Leather, Safety Awards. Metropolitu life Insurance Co* New YoribN.Y.. Educational Publications and Materials Dealing with Safety. Micro Switch Dfvn* Minneapolis Honeywell Co* Freeport, SL ' Manufacturers--MICRO .* . Switch Trip Controls for Power M, achine. . Mabum Co, Detroit, Midi, Manufacturers--Ply Sirin Protective Creams, Ply Garb Safety and Protective Clothing; Plygovs Plastic Coated Work Gloves, Ply Waterless Hand Cleaner. Idler Equipment Co* Inc, Framldin, Pa. Manufacturers-rLinemen's and Industrial Safety Belts. ,*u, , * -% . Mine Safety Appbances.Ox,' Pittsburgh, Pa. , Manufacturers--Safety Equipment for Every Industry. Natioud'Mfiie Servke Co^ Becldey, W. Va. Distributor*--Gas Indicators, Mine Lamps, and Tamping Plugs. National'Safety Council, Chicago^ BL- ' 1" National Society loc the Provtsstfem of Blindneu, Inc, New York, N. Y. Muettioua! Material on Cbmervation and Utilization of Eyesight in Industry. Newnal Mfg, & Sale* Co, Sanaa* City, Mo. ' /. . Manufroturas--Newco Combination Wire Rope Clamp and Thimble. . Nichols Engineering Cc^'CKciib, DL Manufacturers--Safety'Tank Oar Unloading Platform, Safety Access Platform for Usejiri Loading; Unloading; Sampling and Washing Tank Cars. Occupational Hamtis, lac, Qevdand, OH . Qii-IM Corp. of America, Chicago,' IE. Manufacturer*--Oil-Dri Absorbents and Non-Slip Paint. /nm^ Inc, Saa Francisco, CaEf. " Distribotors-rOnox Slrin-Toughener and Footmats for Athlete's Foot., {Wjoctt'Mf^'CocpUWaTMr,Ip& r` Maatuacturera---Safety Pliers and Tongs for Feeding Punch Presses. *. 46 1954 National Safety Congress Pac-Kit Company, Greenwich, Com. Manufacturers--First Aid Equipment. Paekwood, G. H, Mitt Co, St. Loud*, Mo. Manufacturers--Safety Industrial Skin Cleansers and Dispensers. Patent Scaffolding Co, Inc, Chicago, JK Manufacturers--Gold Medal Wood and. Aluminum Safety Ladders,. Magnesium Ladders, Suspended, Sectional Steel, Tubular Steel and Aluminum Scaffolding, Side-Walk Protection Canopies, Steel Grandstands and Fold-A-Way. Scaffold. Pennsylvania Optical Co, Reading, Pa. Manufacturers--Head and Eye Protective Equipment Permamix Corp, Chicago, Hi. Distributors--Industrial Floor Patching Material (PERMAMIX).' Petersen Engineering Co, Santa Clara, CaKf. Manufacturers--PENGO Safety Glass Transformer Gin, Safety Pole Grip, Screw Anchor Tool. *: Pioneer Rubber Co, Willard, Ohio Manufacturers--All Neoprene; A11 Rubber; Neoprene Coated; Vinyl Coated; Cus tom Dipped Rubber Goods Gloves. Porto-CKnic Instruments, Inc, Mew York, H. Y. '' Manufacturers and Distributors--Driver Testing and Training Equipment and Visual A>ds for Driver and Traffic Safety. Positive Safety Mfg. Co, Cleveland, Ohio Manufacturers--Power Press Guards. Power Actuated Tool Manufacturers' Institute, New York, N. Y. Association of Manufacturers of Powder Actuated Tools. Prairie State Products Co, Chicago, HL , Manufacturers--Industrial Safety Signs, Luminated and Plain Safety Bulletins. Protactoseal Co, Chicago, HL * Manufacturers--Fire Prevention Equipment for Flammable Solvents. Puhnosan Safety Equipment Corp, Brooklyn, N. Y. Manufacturers--Respirators, Eye Protection, Helmets, Protective Qothing, Asbestos and Leather Gloves. ' . (' X Pyrene-(Mfg; Co, Newark, N. J* * V*/ Manufacturers--Diversified Approved Fire Extinguishers,'`Recharges, Air Foam, Playpipes, Systems. _ Radne Glove Co, lac, Rio, Wla, . r- * Manufacturers--Gloves, Apparel, Protective Equipment, Leather, Asbestos, and Steel Reinforced. . * . - 4 Radiator Specialty Co, Charlotte, N. C. Manufacturers--SAFE-T-CONES Rubber Traffic Guides. Randolph Laboratories, Inc, Chicago, HL Manufacturers--Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers, Dry Chemicals on Automatic Systems. Reece Wooden Sole Shoe Co, Columbus, Meb. ' Manufacturers--Reece "Perfect, Rocker'* Wooden Sole Safety' Footwear. Robbins Instrument Corp, Attleboro, Manat, Manufacturers--Automatic Regulated Tourniquets, Field and Hospital Models Cirdecuf, Blood Pressure Unit Rockwood Sprinkler Co, Worcester, Mass. ` Manufacturers^--Automatic Fire Protection Systems; Sprinklers, WaterFog, Fog- Foam, and Foam. .. Safety Exposition Exhibitors 47 SoebUng1'** John A. Son* Corpu, Trenton, N. J. Manufacturers--Wire Rope,- Wire Rope Slings and Fittings. itoee Mfc Co, Denver, Colo. Manufacturer*--Safe-Hi Products. Safety Bock Toe Ca Boston, Mass. Manufacturers--Safety Steel Box Toes. Safety OotUng & Equipment Co, Cleveland, OMo' Mnnnfaktmr&rs--Safety Clothing and Equipment for Every Type Industrial Worker. Safety First Products Cotm Elmsford, N. Y. Manufacturers--Dry Chemical Fire Extinguishers. Safety First Shoe Co* Hdliston, ***= . Manufacturers--Safety Steel Toe Shorn for Men. Safety Tower Ladder Co, Burtwnk, CaM. ^Manufacturers and Distributors---Safety Equipment for Ladders and Scaffolds. Salisimry, W. EL, It Ox, ChkagOj IH Manufacturers--Liaemen'i Rubber Protective Equipment Sani-M^lnc, Miadetplna, Pa. Manufacturers--Athlete's Foot Prevention. ] Sawyer, H. 1 It Son Cb; Cambridge, Mass. ; Manufacturers--Foul Weather and Safety Oothing and Apron*. Sdundet'fl, JL Sod^BrwUyn, N. Y. ^< Manufacturers--Pneumatic Press Controls, Valves, Cylinders and Associated Product*. , r* * Industrial Supply'Co, Odcago, DL ' 't Manufacturers--Gloves, Oothing and General Safety Equipment - Scott A^atfbnCocit, Lancaster, N.Y. ' ' mt Manufacturers--Scott Air-Pak,' Demand Inhalator, Demand Respirator, Hydro-Pak. SeMrom Mfg. Ox, Marine, 13L ManUfactrer7--Face and- Eye Protection Equipment. ' Speedl-IM Cocp, Philadelphia, Pa. ` . V- . Manufacturers--Oil and Grease Absorbents. \* V Standard Safety Iqdpmmt.Co, Chicago, DL Manufacturers and-Dutributor*--Industrial Safety Equipment ' Steel Scaffolding Co, Inc, Brooklyn, 'N. Y. Manufacturers--'Trouble Saver" Steel Scaffolding. Stepan Chemical Co, CUcago, HL Manufacturers and Distributors--pH <5 and Neutr*Foam Sirin Cleansers for Indus- . trial Plants. , Stepbeaaoo Cocp, Red Bank, N.` J. Manufacturers--Resuscitation Equipment and Chemical Tests for the Determination of Intoxication, , ,* Stonebow Sifns,* Inc, Denver, Colo. Manufacturers--Steel Accident-Prevention Signs. ,- Stop-Fire, Inc, Brooklyn, N. Y. Manufacturers--Fire Extinguishers. Surety Rubber'Qa, CtrxnlltoQ, Ohio Manufacturers--Rubber Gloves-and Linemen's Equipment. ; *. ' ' Surty.Mfg.C>,l^C^^ - ` , Manufacturers and Distributors--Safety Equipment for Wood and Metal Working Industries. .... 43 1954 National Safety Congrttt 8wivelier Co* Inc, Brooklyn* N. Y. Manufacturers--Swrrelier Universally Adjustable Lighting Products. ' Taylor, 3. 0,, Chain Co* Hammond, Ini , . Manufacturers--Taylor Made Alloy Steel Sling Chains and Tayco Safety Hooks. Timmins Splint Co, Omaha, Ne& ' Manufacturers--Emergency All-Purpose Splints. 1 Trinal, Tn/.f Chicago, Til. . Manufacturers--"Safeef" Protection for the Metatarsal Afch. U-C-Lite Mfg.' Co* Chicago, HL . .. . Manufacturers--BIG BEAM Portable Electric Hand Lamps, Emergency Lighting Equipment. : Union Wire Rope Cocp* Kansas City, Mo. Manufacturers--Wire Rope, "Tuffjp* S'ings, *Taffy" Towlines. United States Safety Service Co, KmmCity, Me. Manufacturer*--Industrial Goggles, Proteethre Hats, Faceshielda, Welding Helmets, Impregnated Salt Tablets, and Allied Gafety Equipment '' Wagner Sign Sendee, Inc, Chicago, IIL Manufacturers--Wagner Changeable Copy Displays. Wash-Rite. Co, Inc, Indianapolis, Ini ' ' r Service--Oeaners and Processors of Industrial Protective Clothing. ` Watchemoket Optical Qo* Inc, PravMence, R. L '_ Manufacturers--"Eye-SaversH Plastic Eye Protection and Plasi-Glow Safety Signs. Waveriy Petroleum Products Co* PHfadeJpfcla* Pa. Manufacturers--Oil and Grease Absorbents. Welsh Mfg. Co, Providence, R. L / *' . Manufacturers--Safety Goggles, Lens, Faceshields and Helmets. West Disinfecting Co*_X$cig Island City, N. Y. Manufacturers--P/bdocts for the Promotion of Industrial Health and Sanitation. Wheeler Protective Apparel, Inc, Chicago, DL ..... . Manufacturers--Industrial Safety Clbthing for Heat and Abrasive Hazards. WBkins Co., Inc, Cortlani H. Y. Manufacturers--K-Lens-M Products; Complete Lens Cleaning and Anti-Fogging ' Equipment and Supplies. WflUams Jewelry ft Mfg.* Co., Chicago, DL Manufacturers--Safety Awards, Badges'and Trophies. . WiHsoa Products, Inc, Reading, Pc Manufacturers--Industrial Goggles, Gas Masks, Helmets and Respirators, and Allied Safety Devices. Wlnko-Matte Signal Co*'Lorain, Ohio Manufacturers--Activating Signals for Traffic Warning Signs; Illuminated Direc tional Control Signs.' Distributors--Highway Warning Signs; Traffic Marking Paint * _ , Wolverine Shoe ft Timing Corp* Rockford, Mkh,. Manufacturers--Industrial Safety Shoes. Woodbridge Ornamental Iron Co^ Chicago, ID. Manufacturers--Convention and Spiral Stairways. Wyandotte Chemicals Corp* Wyandotte, Mkh. Manufacturers--All-Purpose Floor^Absorbent and Industrial ^Cleaning Compounds. 1954 TiAMSACTIONS VOLUME 4 Current Safety- Topics in the CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES m presented in sessions of the Chtmical Section of the 42nd National Safety. Congress Bulk Storage `of Flammable Liquid* fjfamet J. Duggan) Chemical Industry Round Table.....'...;........................8 C; \ \. * .NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 425 North Michigan Avenue Chicago II. Officers of the CHEMICAL SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1?54-5'5 General Chairman--GEORGE L. GORBELL, Monsanto Chemical Co, St- Louis, Mo. Vice-Chairman in Charge of Program--S. F. SPENCE, American Cyanamid Co., New York, N. Y. ' Secretary--JOHN J. WHALEN, Solvay Process Division, Allied Chemical & Dye Corpo ration, Solvay, N. Y. Newsletter Committee--CARROLL A. HEBERT (Chairman), Ethyl Corporation, Baton Rouge, La.; EARL R. WALLACE, Eastman Kodak-Co., Rochter, N. Y.; E. G. MElTER, Employers Mutual of Wausau, Milwaukee, Wts.; A. B. RITTER, Hercules Powder-Co, Wilmington, Del * ' Engineering Committee--D. F. HAYES (Chairman), U. S. Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, D. C; G. C. HENDERSON, 'Carbide & Carbon Chemicals Col, Paducah, Ky.; F. C. GAUGUSH, Sherwin-Williams Co.. Chicago, 111.; H. F. REINHARD, Union Carbide & Carbon Corp, New York, N. Y.; H. H. McGEATH, The Procter Sc Gamble Defense Corp., .Amarillo, Texas. Public Relations Committee--R. G. WHEELDON (Chairman), The Drackett Co, Gncinnatr, Ohio; J. T. TROLINGER, Allied Chemical & Dye Carp, Hopewell, Va. \ Data. Sheet and Instruction Card Committee--H. H. FAWCETT (Chairman), General Dectric Co,; Schenectady, N. Y.; G. G. FLEMING, Celanese Corp. of America, Char- lotte, N. C; D. W. GIBSON, Columbia-Southern Chemical Corp, Barberton, Ohio; W. W. ALLISON, Westinghouse Dectric Co, Pittsburgh, Pa. Health Committee--S. W. GURNEY (Chairman), Liberty Mutual Insurance Co, Boston, Mass.; MERRIL EISENBUD, U. S. Atomic Energy Commission, New York, N .Y.; T. W. NALE, M.D, Union Carbide & Carbon Corp, New York, N. Y. Membership Committee--S. D. SALTONSTALL (Chairman), Celanese Corp. of America, Bishop, Texas; W. W. FLANAGAN, Atlas Powder Coy'WUmington, DeL { Poster and Visual /lids Committee--G. R- CUMMINGS (Chairman)y-Elis Lilly & Com pany, Indianapolis, Ind.; J. B. BLACK, National Institutes off Healths Washington, D. C; C H, SEYMOUR, The Carborundum Company, Niagara'FalTsl N. Y. Statistics and Contest Committee--M. A. SNELL (Chairman), Hartford Accident & Indemnity Company, Hartford, Conn.; R. L. ALLIN SON, The Dow Chemical Com pany, Texas Division, Freeport, Texas. ' Af~**oey Committee--R. H. . ALBISSER, Merck & Company, Inc, Rahway, N. J.; DEN D COBB, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, N. Y.; S. M.. MacCUTCH- EON, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich. ; E. J. MEYERS, E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc, Wilmington, Del.; J. E NICHOLS, Reynolds Metals Com* pony, Richmond, Va.; R. C. STRATTON, The Travelers Insurance Co., Hartford. Goon. ' Staff Representative--F. A. VAN- ATTA, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. IQCJ TRANSACTION IJJ3t VOLUME 6 mmmnmmmmmmnmmtmmn * 'Current Safety Topics in the % CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY AND PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT crs presented in sessions of the Construction and Public Employee _ . ' Sections 'at the 42nd National Safety Congress MMHMUiniUnU! Construction Section Summary Report .... \y Where Do You Begirt a Crusade (William G. Hawkins) 4 5 Public Employee Section How Do You Look at an Accident? (Donald S. , Buck)............. 9 A Health- Program lor Public Employees (John F. Ki/gus, MJDJ S 8 Vision in Safety (Milton M. Bowman).. i............ . (Coeilnittf m nvet-paf*j 25 NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 425 North Michigan. Avenue Chicago II, HI. Officers of the CONSTRUCTION SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 19-54-55 t~4 General Chairman--GEORGE P. O'ROURKE,- SR., O'Rourke Const ractidn Go; Dallas Texas.' . ~ yke-Chairn-am--ROBERT L. JENKINS, Chief, Safety Division, Office Chief o(- Engi neers, Washington, D. C Secretary--WM. G. HAWKINS, Insurance Manage'5\Safety Director, Winston Bros. Oomparfy, Minneapolis, Minn. (X Assistant Secretary--JOHN L. JUNKERT, SafetyTmgineer, Marsh & McLennan, Inc, Minneapolis, Minn. Administrative Committee--GEORGE P. O'ROURKE, SR* O'Rourke Construction Co, Dallas, Texas; ROBERT L.'JENKINS, Chief, Safety Division, Office Chief of En gineers, Washington; D. C.; WM. G. HAWKINS, Insurance Manager St Safety Direc tor, Winston Bros. Company, Minneapolis, Minn.; JOHN" L. JUNKERT, Safety Engineer, Marsh & McLennan, Inc, Minneapolis; Minn.; O. LUPINSKI, Lupinsld,- Inc, Milwaukee, Wis. - Engineering Committees--DALE MEDSKER (Chairman), Area Superintendent, Safety Engineering Department, National Surety Corporation, Atlanta, Ga. \* ,/ " ' Data and Publications Sub-Committee--HERBERT R. WESTLUND (Chairman), Chief Safety Engineer, Argonaut Insurance Exchange, San Francisco, California; D. W. LENAHAN, Asst to Chief Engineer, Loss Prevention Dept, Liberty Mutual Ins. Co, Atlanta, Ga.; ALFRED C BLACKMAN, Chief, Division of. Industrial Safety, Dept of Industrial Relations; State of California, San Francisco, Calif.; FRED L. JAMES, Safety .Director, Tdlepsen Construction Co, Houston, Texas; THOMAS M, LIVELY, Safety Director, S. J. Groves & Sons, Minneapolis, Minn.; GEORGE E ARO, Safety Engineer, United Engineers & Constructors, Inc, PhoenixvilJe, Pa.; HAROLD MOR GAN, Safety Director, Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission, Harrisburg, Pa.;- JAMES M. SPROUSE, A. G. C of America, Washington, D. C; JAMES A. SHAW, Super vising Engineer, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co, Omaha, Neb.; RAYMOND, V. MIL LER, Director of Research 'and -Development, George A. Fuller Co, New York, N. Y. Pisual Aids' Committee--WM. G. HAWKINS (Chairman), Insurance Manager and Safety Director, Winston Bros. Company, Minneapolis, Minn.; R. J..HENDERSHOTT, Manager, Associated General Contractors of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Mum.; DONALD F. MANGUSON, Safety Director, A. G. G of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn.; JOHN - L. JUNKERT, Safety Engineer, Marsh & McLennan, Inc, Minneapolis, Mum.; NELS F, BORGAARD, Patent Scaffolding Co, Chicago, III; HAROLI) E. SNEED, Super intendent, De Walt Inc, Lancaster, Pa. Screening Committee--H. PATTERSON- (Chairman), Safety Engineer, F. H. McGraw St Co., Hickman, Ky.; HUBBARD L. SULLIVAN, South Carolina Branch, Associated General Contractors, Columbia, S. C; PHILIP P. THOIN, John W. Cowper Co., Buffalo, N. Y.; RALPH WINSLOW, Associated General' Contractors, Chicago, 111.; KENNETH E. REED, Marsh tc McLennan, Inc, Chicago, III.; O. H. 36 /. DIGGES, Safety Engineer. Dept, of Subway* & Superhighway*, City of Chicago, Chi cago, IH.; A. L. JACKSON, Pre*ldent, A. L. Jackson Co., Chicago,. 111.; JOSEPH C. WATKINS, Atomic Energy Commission. Kentucky Area, Paducah, 'Ky. * ^. * ? ,4 fr*Committee--KENNETH E COUGHLIN (Chairman), Kansas City Bridge Co., ' (Kansas Gty, Mo.; CHARLES H. BLACK, Insurance Manager, Stone & Webster En gineering Corp., Poston, Mass.; ROBERT J. VERNER, Safety Engineer, Fruin-Colnon Contracting Co., St Louis, Mo. * Membership Committee--ROBERT L. MOORE (Chairman),. Director, Technical & En gineering Div. Lumbermen's Mutual' Casualty Co, Chicago, I1L; RAY H. HAHN, Allegheny Asphalt & Paving Co., Pittsburg, Pa.; GEORGE E. ARO, Safety Engineer, 'United.Engineers & Constructors, Inc, Phoenjxville, Pa.; GEORGE W. COMBS, Sec retary-Manager, Michigan Chapter, Assocv General Contractors, Lansing, Mich.; GEORGE M. SCHMELTZER, Executive I}fr, Keystone Building Contractors Assn., Harrisburg, Pa.; J. D. ARMSTRONG, President J. D..Armstrong Co, Inc, Ames, Iowa; BARRINGTON KING, c/o Daniel Construction Company, Greenville, S. C.; R. J. HENDERSHOTT, Manager, Assoc. General Contractors of Minn., Minneapolis, Minn.; HAROLD MORGAN, Safety Director, Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission. Harrisburg, Pa.; JAS. W. WILLIAMS, Safety Director, Austin Road Co., Dallas, Texas; T. J. WALSH, Long Construction Co., Kansas Gty, Mo. Newsletter Committee--E N. ZINER (Chairman), Safety Enjfcneen John A. Volpc Constr. Co., Inc, Malden, Mass.; HAROLD J. McKEEVER, Edilojy Roads'& Streets. Chicago, 111.; GLENN M. HOSTETTER, Safety Director, Taconite Contracting Corp., Aurora, Minn.; KENNETH A. HYDE C F. Brauh & Co, Alhambra, Calif.; VIN- ? CENT B. SMITH, Washington Editor* McGraw Hill Publishing Co, Washington, D. C t* , P--^ram Committee--}. G. McFARLAND (Chairman), Safety Engineer, American dge Get,'United States Steel Company, Pittsburg, Pa.; HOWARD S. LATHAM, rrojeci Safety Engr, The Dalles Powerhouse Constructors, The Dalles, Oregon; C M. CAHILI* Safety Engineer, ' Massman Construction Co, Kansas Gty, Mo.;' J. J. HIGGINS, Supervisor of Toolhouses & Safety, Erection Dept, Bethlehem Steel Co, Bethlehem, Pa.; FRANK M. BOODRO, Perini & Sons, Framingham, Mass.; FRED M- LIVINGSTON, Turner, Construction Co, New York, N. Y. Publicity Committee--FRED A. HORNSBY (Chairman), Safety Engineer, Mine Safety Appliance .'Company, Pittsburg. Pa.; WILLIAM E. WOODRUFF, Managing Editor, The Constructor, Washington, D. C; J. ROLAND CARR, Associate Editor, Engineer ing News-Record, Chicago, IH.; HENRY.T. PEREZ, Editor, Construction Methods & Equipment. New York, (.N. Y.; W. T. ROGERS, Safety Director, Ebosco "Services. Inc, New York, N. Y. Incentive .and Statistics Committee--S. D. WEBB (Chairman), Safety Supervisor, Dravo Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa.; DANIEL F. HAYES, Atomic Energy Commission, Wash- , ingtoo, D. C? CHAS. WINN, Supervising Engineer, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co, Chicago, 11L; ALFRED C BLACKMAN, Chief, Division of Industrial Safety, Dept, of Industrial Relations, State of California, San Frandsco, Calif.; .THOMAS J. SCOTT, Supr. Engr. Maxon Construction Company, Inc, Dayton, Ohio. ' National Organisations Committee--Associated General Contractors of America--HARRY J. KIRK (Chairman),- Manager, Dept of Research and Safety, Associated General , Contractors of America, Washington, D. C ' American Institute of Architects--CHARLES S. HAINES, Project Manager, Voorhees, Walker, Foley and Smith, New York, N. Y. American Ladder /wrihite--HAROLD G. ARNOLD, Vice-President The-Bauer 'Manufacturing Co, Woo*ster, Ohio. rt rr ` `, , * Association of Casualty and Surety Companies--HERBERT W. HOOVER, Manager, Accident Prevention Dept, Maryland Casualty Company, Baltimore, Md. National Association of Mutual Casualty Companies--0. 'T. SUNDLIE, Eastern Div,. Engineering Manager, American Mutual liability Ins. Co., White Plains, N. Y. Construction Industry Manufacturer/ Association--The Mixer Manufacture/s Bureau-- J. W. LENDVED, Director of Engineering. Chain Belt Co, Milwaukee; Wis. J National'Constructors Association--W. R. BENN, The H. K. Ferguson Company, Engineers and Builders, Cleveland, Ohio. American Road Builders Association--EUGENE REYBOLD, Executive Vice-President, Washington, D. C \i American Institute of Steel Construction--A. L. FREDRICKSON. Executive .VicePresident, Lakeside Bridge & Steel Company, Milwaukee, Wis. Power Crane and Show! Association--G. K. WOODLING, Hamischfeger Corp,t Mil waukee, Wisconsin. * , Tile Contractors Assn, of America Inc.--CARL V. CESERY, President, Jacksonville, Fla. Research Committee--OTTO S. HOLMSKOG (Chairman), Supervising Construction En gineer, Employers Mutual Liability Ins, Co, Wausau, Wis.; J. GEORGE ROBINSON, Manager, Assoc General Contractors of Missouri, Jefferson Gty, Mo.; GERARD 0. GRIFFIN, Director of Safety, Dravo Corp, Pittsburgh, Pa,; ROBERT. L, MOORE, Director Technical & Engineering Div. Lumbermen's Mutual Company, Chicago, UL; GEORGE A. BENISH, Manager, Milwaukee Chapter, Assoc General Contractors, Milwaukee, Wis.; GERARD O. GRIFFIN, Director of Safety, Dravo CorpL, Pitts burgh, Pa. . '" \ Nominating Committee--HARRY J. KIRK (Chairman), Mgr.,. Dept of Research & Safety, Associated General Contractors of America, Washihgton, D. C; RAY H. HAHN, Allegheny Asphalt & Paving Company, Pittsburgh, Pau; OTTO'S. HOLM SKOG, Supervising Construction Engineer, Employers Mutual Liability Ins. Co, Wausau, Wis. .. % Honorary Life ember--SAMUEL R. BISHOP, Silver Spring, Md., ' * * %, Committee Advisor--H. B. ALEXANDER, President H. B. Alexander & Son, Inc, Harrisburg, Pa. ' . ' Past General Chairmen--LEO D. WOEDTKE (1918-71); F. A. DAVIDSON (1921-*23); W. F. AMES (1923-74); W. F. AUSTIN (1924-76); E. C HARDING (1926-78); W. R. RICHARDS <1928-79); GEORGE WIDUA (1929-71); JOHN RUSSELL, JR. (1931-74); EDGAR N.. GOLDSTINE (1934-7S); W. A- SNOW (1935-79); R. J. REIGELUTH (1939-*41); W. A. HAZARD (1941-'43);' G. 0. GRIFFIN (1943-'45); *LLOYD A. BLANCHARD (1945-'47); FRANK J. CRANDELL (1947-'48); OTTO S. HOLMSKOG (I948-`49); J. A. DeLUCA (1949-*50); HARRY J. KIRK (1950-71); *H. W. RICHARDSON (1951-52); H. B. ALEXANDER (1952-'54). Staff Representative--WENDELL R. BLAIR, National- Safety Council, Chicago, 111.. Deceased u < 38 1954 : IANSACTIOHS OLIIME 9 . $ ' Current Safety Topics in the INDUSTRY os presented in sessions of the Fertilizer Sectio/' at the 42nd National Safety Congress I ( '. '' (teaching the Industrial Worker wf8fa ^^'O^Safay Program (Dr, Charles W. Nelson)........... ... .............. 4 A Smlll Plant Safety Program (W. C. Creel)........... '............. 6- Visual Aids .That Can Be Used,by Small Plant Superintendent (R, Murray) .1..................................... 9 A ' "Stump the .Experts (A Symposium)................................. .-.JO MeinteMnce Heurd* (W. A SIom}..-.................................................... SO ' Rrtt Air-tMic Requirements (W, f. Powell)................... ........ ------- . II DyMmK*'. (William H, Meadwma)............................................................... 12' , t-Undliiif NHrofcn Solution* (E. C Perriee)............................................. 13 Too Mock Sefcty Equipment (J. D.r Acree)................... ................:___ 15 Rc*<&ef 'Sh* Worker (Allea Hi treat)1...1.................. ...........15 ` (CoaSeaed m~ sexi _ pfe) ' ,r- 'NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 425 HortfcMidKpa Aaes n,;ut Current Topics in INDUSTRIAL SAFETY m presented in the Subject-Sessions , at the 42nd `National Safety .Congress f V ' r^> X) - A New Look at Nuclear Developments, rr....................5 bnpapl of Gty Evwa#tio Upe Indwtrial Gqwpmtot and noeewes (tm C Taps?)............... ...................................... ........... S r\ H H-So& Ramcs IVoWcm# Safety aa<f Vw vy Fws fWtafMw (Robert L Cantos)......................................... .............. S Safety PUaaSuf of an Atom* Test Optfttwsa (Roy Actor).....'............. 12 Anglican Society of Safety Engineers:.Annual Meeting----- ,----- 18 > feiwfcai't tt*d Labor't Role Acctowt Ptcveatiea (Pmi C. GcnAc)':-.. it Are You Prepares! for Emergencies?. 22 Wfcat k tfw Rdatioraiup of Operation Ivy to Civii, Dcftaac Waaoiaf? (Yal Ptienom)............................. .22 Whf a PIm fee Emcrs***? DkatUr? (Jokm H. Red*toed).. ....... *V . , 6., ,` Coopcrati&f vritii. Yovr HdfMwfs in Disaster Plan (G.. I. RatdHfe)........ ' f~~\ (Cm^emd'm.>e*3ci ping*) 24 30 lie u. Qmmm H. BL 1954 TRA'NSACT'I O.NS VOLUME 14 Current Soety-Topics in the MARITIME INDUSTRIES m presented in sessions of the Marine Section at the 42nd National Safety Congress mmmmmmi Ship Operators Session Accident Prevention on Great Lakes Vessels (J. B. Garhutt). S Accident Prevention In Cargo Vessel Operation (H. B. Powe// and A. R. Duploa)........................ 10 Steamship Operator's Participation in Accident Prevention Activities (Stanley;G. Coppel and Joseph H. Travers):. 13 Recent Crew Casualties While in Shipyards (Redfield Mason) W Safety in Deep Sea Tanker Operation (Richmond K. Kelly). . 23* Promoting Planned Accident Prevention on Inland Waterways (M. C. Dupree).......... ........... ........ 26 Protecting Passengers from Accidents (Ronald MacKemie).. .30 . Making Shipboard Safety Work (Charles H. McGuire).......... 32 ! (Co*tina*d oa **xt pagt) ' NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIl 425North Midrig* Averne.' Chiago 11,1U. 51 Leadership for Tomorrow's Safety By DONALD C. POTTS President, Pittsburgh Steamship Dir., U. S. Steel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio ! The safety movement in this country .has contritolled largely to the exchange of ideas traveled a long way since the day the slogan, we have enjoyed recently, covering every "Safety First" was invented, and the leader problem from maritime safety to national . ship which the Propeller Qub has nurtured defense. and contributed to the marine industry is Your Propeller Club has sponsored legis a conspicuous Jewel in the treasury of lation which helped to restore funds to the American maritime history. ship building program, going back to the ft occurs to me that this year's joint meeting marks a momentous milestone in the march of maritime progress. As the St. grass roots, to our individual port organiza tions to get the leadership that helps us win our objectives. Lawrence Seaway construction swings un The dissemination of fine ideas and con derway, it signals the beginning of a new structive thoughts which come out of our era in which we on the greatest' inland seas Merchant Marine Conferences helps us take of the world will join lands more closely our case to the people. The circulation of with bur salt water brothers. these proceedings to thoughtful people With this new era wjiH come not only everywhere advertises the excellent leader great opportunities -focfall'of us but great ship we have in our industry. - >omibiIities and problems as well. This expression of leadership augurs well ,j men;devoted to making this a safe for us as we prepare to win the goals of our world in which to work and live, we lave future. our job blueprinted for us so that we can be The St. Lawrence Seaway is a.milepost prepared "for the day when the locks swing dramatizing the march of events. It is, by open and more and different types of craft comparison, a magnificent but modest ex heretofore opt common to the Great Lakes, ample of the great need for enlightened ami manned) by crews inexperienced in our leadership to assure our achieving the full watq's mrogle with us in pursuit of com potential of our destiny. merce. / : ; As `Propeller Qub men we have much thinking and planning ahead of us to make the most but of new situations. Frankly, the situation calls for new and What sort of a yardstick might we use to measure this destiny--the next 45 to 50 years* progress? " I think the past half century has developed enough statistics and examples of human greater leadership on the part of' all of us. progress to permit us to draw back the Looking s.t our past performance, I am curtains on-the future sufficiently to release sure there ts much to give, us heart for our imagination. what the future will demand from us. Our So, let's see what our yardstick looks Propeller Qub has brought the1 people of the maritime industry' together, helping all of us focus a critical light on our achieve ments and the challenge ot our problems. like! Let's focus'our minds back to around 1900. Let's further suppose we are frying to forecast what new commodities we would Through the club's leadership, the Ameri have today some 50 years later? can people are becoming more conscious of the maritime industry's importance' and its Problems, and new impetus and direction has 31 given to our need for still more effort j win the recognition it honestly deserves. Who would have had imagination enough to anticipate the development of automobiles, ."busses, trucks, airplanes, widespread use.of telephones, including trans-continental'' and inter-continental, telephones, air conditioning, ' 'Our work has helped .coordinate and direct washing machines, dishwashing machines, joint activities of ur' marine people in mechanical refrigerators,' vacuum cleaners, adopting new technical, safety and operating pop-up toasters, modem pictures with* sound techniques on an industry-wide scale.' It has and color, radio, television, penidlin, sulfa 1954 TRAMSACTIONS VOLUME 1 5 C'wren! Safely Topics in the- METALS INDUSTRY as presented in sessions of the Metals Section at iht 42nd National Safety Congress Resolved: That Guarding Will Prevent More Injuries 5 Than Discipline (A Debate: Milo W. Gray, Clyde C kuddick, 0. D. Matter, R. C Bauer) i Getting Men to Think (D. E. Best) .4 14 Automation---Its Effect bn Accident Prevention (John B. Sterling)........................... ................ .. 16 . t , Your Accident Record Reflects Your Attitude (J. M. Sylvester) 21 The Development of a Model Gane (W. Mortis) (Coatineed on next page) 24 ; NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 425 tfortb Mkhigaa Avenue Chicago II, 111. Officer8 of the METALS SECTION. . NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1954-55 V' Gourd Chairman--G. 0. GRIFFIN, Director of Safety, Dravo Corp, Neville Island, Pittsburgh, Pi, j^ First Vice-Chairman--E, H. HOUCK, Superintendent of Safety k Welfare, Jones & Laughlin Steel Corpi, Aliquippa, Pa. Second Vice-Chairman---W. M. NELSON, Manager of Safety, Republic Steel Corp., Geveland, Ohio. Third Vki-Chairman--G. J. EIGENBROD, Assistant Superintendent of Industrial Rela` lion*, The Colorado Fuel k Iron Corp, Wlckwire Spencer Steel Division, Buffalo, N. Y. Secretary--A. G. WHISMAN, General Supervisor of Safety and Sanitation, Gary Steel Work*, U. S. Steel Corp., Gary, Ind. Sews Lettei Editor--W. H. WILSON, Supervisor of Safety, American Bridge Division, U. S. Steel Corp.,' Ambridge,. Pa. Sms Letter\co-Editor--Vf. J. M. REDWOOD, Safety Supervisor, Algoma Steel Corp., Ltd., Sault\ St Marie, Ontario, Canada. Program Cmmittee--J. D. HOLTZAPPLE (Chairman), Director of Training and Safety, ' Continental Foundry and-Machine Co., East Chicago, Ind.; D. D. MATEER, Super visor; Safety & Welfare Department, Pittsburgh Works, Jones & Laughlin SteelCorp, Pittsburgh, Pa.; H. K. LAMBIE, Safety Consultant, Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corps Oakland, Calif.; R. S. B. `HOLMES, General Staff -Supervisor Training k Safety,; National^ Tube Co, Pittsburgh, Pa.; J. N. MAHON, Supervisor of Safety & Insurance, Continental .Steel Corpi, Kokomo, Ind.; G. F. GRACE,- Produce Manager, Industrial Chain Division, Columbus McKinnon Chain Corp, Tonawanda, N. Y. r> * *t ,. Engineering and Consulting Committee--E. J. LANGLAND (Chairman), Safety Engi neer, Great Lakes Sled Corp, Ecorse, Detroit, Mich.; W* E. WILLIAMS, Division Safety Engineer, ,Butler Manufacturing Co, Galesburg, III.; J. L. MacKENZIE, Gen eral 'Supervisor, Safety k Sanitation, South Works, U. S. Steel Corp, Chicago,' 111.; KL C. ROBINSON, Director, Safety Sc' Health, Eastern Stainless Steel Corp, Balti more, M<L; W. T. McLEAN,-Supervisor of Safety, United States.Steel Corp, Youngs town, Ohio; K. I. WARD, Assistant.to Supervisor of Safety, The Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company, Youngstown, Ohio; J. G. CULLEN, Safety Engineer, Engine & Foundry Div, Dearborn Iron Foundry, Ford Motor Cojnpany, Dearborn,' Mich.. s '* Membership Committep-E. D. MORGAN (Chairman), Supt, Plant Protection k Safety, . Bethlehem Plant, Bethlehem Steel Company, Bethlehem, Pa.; A, L, LOTT, Manager . of Industrial Relations, -The Steel Company of Canada, Ltd., Hamilton, -Ontario, Can ada; C J. VANDEVENTER, Safety Director, Atlantic Steel Company, Atlanta, Ga.: J. A. DOWNEY, JR., Director of Personnel & Safety, Skm-Sheffield Steel and Iron Co., Birmingham, Ala.; R. M. MASSHNBURG, Safety Engineer, U. S. Steel Corp., . Pittsburgh, Pa. Contest and Statistics Committee--G. L. RIENZO (Chairtnan), Supervisor of Work men's Compensation, Revere Copper & Brass, Inc, Rome, N. Y.; J. P. LEONARD, Personnel & Safety Director, Blaw^Knox Company, Pittsburgh, Pa.; C H. $UNDERLAND, General Supervisor, Industrial Relations Statistics, U. S. Sted Carp, Pittsburgh, Pa.; J. W. TYSSE, Safety Supervisor, Republic Steel Co., Chicago,'111. Visual Education Committee--W. D. WILLIAMS (Chairman), Assistant Supervisor of Safety, The Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company, East Chicago, Ind.; P. Nr.LUND- QUIST, Safety Director, Acme Steel Co., Chicago, 111.; P. J. CORRIGAN, Safety Engineer, Carpenter Steel Co., Reading, Pa. ` ' '> Foundry Industry--K. L, PURCELL (Chairman), Manager, Education and Training, Caterpillar Tractor Co., Decatur,- III; A .G. STARRETT, Personnel Director in Charge of Safety-, The Buckeye Steel Castings Company, Columbus, Ohio; G. A. RILEY, American Brake Shoe Co., New York, N. Y.; G. G. WALTERS, Supervisor of Safety, General Steel Castings Corp, Granite City, III. Steel Industry-VP. W. MORRIS (Chairman), Assistant Director in Charge of Safety, Inland St!el^piripany, East Chicago, Ind.; E. M.'KENNEDY, Safety Director, Oliver Iron & Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa.; j. C BRADRICK, Safety Engineer, Armco Steel Corp., Butler, Pa.-; W. W. BRANT, Safety Engineer, Bethlehem Steel Company, Johnstown Plant, Johnstown, Pa.; A. D. MURPHY, Director of Safety and Sugges tion Plan, Crucible Steel Company of America, Pittsburgh, Pa.; A. T. POCHIBER, Safety Director, West I-eechburgh Planf, Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corp., West Leech- burgh, Pa. Son-Ferrous Industry--W. R. GILLILAND, Asst. Safety Director, Aluminum Co. of America, Pittsburgh, Pa.; j.- E. NICHOLS, Director of Safety, Reynolds Metals Company, Richmond, Va.; G. E. BEAMAN, Supervisor, Safety & Training, Bridge port Brass Co, Indianapolis, Ind.; F. A. GERA.RD, Western'Brass Mills, East Alton, 111.; M. L. ABEL, Executive Vice President, Magnesium Company of America, East Chicago, Ind. -- ,/ , r" \ Fabricating Industry--F. M. BEAUDOIN (Chairman), Manager of Industrial Relations, U. S. Steel Products Division, U. S. Steel Corp., Sharon, Pa.; E. W. ENGERER,. Management's Representative, Pittsburgh District, Bethlehem' Steel Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.; J. V. KELLY, Safety Engineer, Kelsey-Hayes Wheel Company, Detroit, Mich. tt Steel IVarehousing Industry--J. E. SPANN (Chairman), Safety Engineer, Jones & Laugh-1 " lin Sted Corp., Chicago Warehouse, Chicago, I1L; M. R. YATSKO, Supt. of Indus trial Relations, Warehouse Division, Republic Steel Corporation, Youngstown, Ohio; W. W. CURRAN, United States Steel Supply, Chicago, 111. Metallic Coating Industry--E. O. KUMLER (Chairman), Assistant Director, Industrial Relations, American Steel, & Wire Co,, Cleveland, Ohio; T. C CARRICO, Director, Welfare & Safety, Wheding Steel Corp.; Wheding, West Va. Wire Manufacturing Industry--A. E. ASEL (Chairman), Safety Supervisor, Sheffield Sted Corp., Kansas City, Mo.; R. CONTARDO, Safety Director, John .A Roebling's Sons Co., Trenton, N. J. p,-<er Committee--j. F. jULI (Chairman), Safety Manager, Consolidated \Vestem Steel, vision of U. S. Steel Corp, Los Angdes, Calif.; M. J. NAUGHTEN, Safety Super visor, Kaiser Steel Corp., .Fontana, Calif.; J. P. BUJ5COVICH, Safety Supervisor, Consolidated Western Steel Div, U. S. Steel Corp, South San Francisco, Calif.; ,, S. J. CROREY, Supervisor of Safety, Steel Div., Ford Motor Co, Dearborn, Mich. ,^ Luncheon and Awards Committee--R. I. PISLE, Supt.-. of Ind. Relations, Chicago, Dist, Republic Steel Corp, Chicago, I1L Advisory Chairmen--%J. J. NOLAN, Safety Engineer, Bethlehem Steel Co, Bethlehem, Pa.; *H. S. SIMPSON, Manager-Safety, 'Caterpillar Tractor Co, Peoria, 111.; H.. HOLLAND, Supervisor,, of Safety*, The Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co, East Chicago, Ind.; *J. L," RIDINGER, Director, Safety & Plant Protection, Inland Steel Co, East Chicago, Ind.; P. E. GRUNDMAN, Safety Engineer, Armco Steel Corp, Rustless Div, Baltimore, Hi; C. M. ALLEN, Chief Safety Engineer, Armco Sted Corp, Middletown, Ohio; *}. F. COLLINS, Supervisor of Safety, The Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co, Youngstown, Ohio; *R. H. FERGUSON, Assistant Director of Industrial Relations. Republic Steel Corp, Cleveland, Ohio; *D A. FARRELL, Direc tor of Safety, U. S. Steel' Corp, Pittsburgh, Pa.; F. W. KELSEY, Supervisor of .Safety & Wdfare, Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp, Pittsburgh, Pa.; *H. G. HENSEL, Arcadia, Calif. .. . Staff Representative--L. -C SMITH, Senior Engineer, National Safety Coundl, Chicago, "A Past General\ Chairmen * IJQil K3 TAP TRANSACf|ot(s VOLUME U wMiMwiwMi'wiMiitiMBfflOMiiiinniiiiiiiiiiiitintiiitininttinfliiif t Current Safety Topics in the METAL PRODUCTS INDUSTRIE AUTOMOTIVE AND MACHINE SHOP INDUSTRIE POWER PRESS AND FORGING OPERATIONS os presented in session* of (he Automotive and Machine Shop and Power .Press Sections, S at.-the 42nd National Safety Congress s. utomotive and Machine Shop Industrie* Safety Swap Shop.------- ......... _/ JPower Press and Forging' Operations Marchjof Progressin Power-Press and ; Forging^ Equiomert^p'fA P^iyc! Discussion]... %................... 9 New Developments in PresT Equipment (Norman Dunlap)........................... 9 Mnrcfi of Progress in Power Presses (P. I. Dunlap).................................... '.. 12 March of Progress in Power Presses and Drop Forging Equipment (Roixrt . Sanford).................. ............................................................. 13 t Who Needs Education? (T. A, Kraklow) ............................ 16 Your Citizenship Shows (Hobart A. Scott)................................. .. . 21 NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 425 North Michigan' Av&rn Chicago II, Officers of the AUTOMOTIVE AND MACHINE SHOP SECTf&N NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1954-55 General Chairman--MICHAEL F. BIANCARDI, Mgr, Health & Safety Dept, AllisChalmers Mfg. Co., Milwaukee, Wise. Vice-Chairman--HOWARD M. HUNTINGTON; Asst. Consultant, Industrial Safety, International Harvester Co., Chicago, 111. Regional Vice-Chairman, South--(Vacant) Regional Vice-Chairman, West--(Vacant) " Secretary--MERT L. CARPENTER, Supvr. of Safety, Service Section, General Motors Technical Center, General Motors Corp, Detroit Mich. Program Chairman--.;EDGAR O. PRANGE, Safety Dir., Bendix Products Div., Bendix r\Aviation Corp., South Bend, Ind. / Engineering Methods and Procedures Committee---EDWARD D. RAHDE (Chatman), Supvr. of Safety, WcstinghcAisc Air Brake Co, Wilmerding, Pa.; GEO. E. HUMPHREY, Safety Dir, Cadillac Motor Car Div, General Motors Corp, Detroit Mich.; VERNE AYLING, Safety Dir, Pontiac Motor Div, General Motors Corp, Pontiac,1 Mich.; DAN F. BRADY, Manager of Safety, The Maytag Co,. Newtgj,^ Iowa; `CHARLES A. DeMONGE, Safety Dir, Kelsey-Hayes Wheel Co, Devoir Mich.; WALTER HAAG, Safety Supvr, Serve!, Inc, Evansville, Ind-^W.JE.1 McKELDIN, Safety Supvr, Westinghouse Electric Corp, Philadelphia, Pa.; DAVlD> T. MOULD, Safety Dir, General Motors Corp.; Detroit Mich.; GILBERT F. TYLER, Ford Instrument Co, Div. of the Sperry Corp, Long Island City, N.Y. * Education and Training Committee--WILLIAM E. GRUBER (Chairman), Mgr, Safety Engr. Dept, Standard Accident Ins. Co, Detroit Mich.; RAY HARVEY, Asst. Safety Dir, Ford Motor Car Co, Dearborn, Mich.; S. B. HOPPING, Ant Mgr, Safety and Claims, A. C. F. Industries, New York, N. Y.; W. N. HUMPHREYS, A.CF. Indus tries, New York, N.Y.; JOHN E. KANE, Supvr. of Safety, Temstedt Div, General Motors Corp, Trenton Plant, Trenton, N. J.; WILLARD. A. KERR, Associate Prof, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, 111.; PAUL KRAMOS, Chief, Plant Safety Eng, Butler Mfg. Co, Kansas'.City, Mo.; F. B. McNAMEE, Safety Dir, Qayton & Lambert Mfg. Co, Louisville, Kyi; `J. E. MOORE, Corporate'Service,"Inc, Detroit Bldg, Detroit, Mich.; 0. j. PICKEL, Supvr, Safety & Medical Service, Wagner Elec tric Corp, St. Louis, Mo.; GILBERT A. SNYDER, Supvr, Safety & Sanitation, AllisChalmers Mfg. Co, LaPorte Works, LaPorteT Ind.; WOODROW W. WILSON, Safety.Dir, Packard Motor Car Co, Detroit, Mich.; *E. CLARK WOODWARD, Dir. of Safety, A. O. Smith Corp, Milwaukee, Wise; FRED YELTON, Dir. of Safety, Delco-Remy Div, General Motors Corp, Anderson, Ind. . % 24 r '% Mmntenmce Committee---W. C BARBER (Chairman), Asst. Dir. of,Engr, Midli st. Mutual. Liability Ox, Detroit, Miclx; O. C BOILEAU, Mgr, Health & Safety Section, RCA Victor Div;, Radio Corp. of America, Camden, N. J.; LESTER V. CRALLEY, IndustrialHygienist, Aluminum Co. of America, Pittsburgh, Pa.; WIL- r LfAM G. HAZARD, Industrial Relations Dir, Owens-Illinois Glass Co, Toledo, Ohio; GEO. F. NUERNBERGER. Safety Eng,-A. B. Dick Co, Chicago, III.; FRANK A. : PATTY, Head,' Industrial Hygiene Dept, Research ''Laboratories Div, General Motors 1 Corp, Detroit, Mich.; J. C RADCLIFFE, Supvr, Industrial Health Unit, Medical Section, Ford Motor Co, Dearborn, Mich^j H. W. SPEICHER, Industrial Hygiene , Eng, Westinghouse Electric Corp, East Pittsburgh, Pa. * > ... fembership Committee--GERALD C SQU^ER (Chairman), Safety Engr, Chrysler Div, Chrysler Corp, Detroit, Mich.; WARD H. ANDREWS, Safety Dir, J. I. Case Co, Bettendorf, Iowa; RALPH M. COE Safety Dir, Goodman Mfg. Co, Chicago, ill; FRANK W. FISKE, Safety Dir, The Brewer-Titchcner Corp, Cortland, N. Y.; F. H. HUMPHREYS. Mgr, Property Dept, A C F. Industries, New York, N. Y.; CARL J. PETERSON, Staff Safety Eng, Chrysler Corp, Detroit, Mich.; B. j. POVOLNY, Personnel Supvr, Detroit Diesel Engine Div, General Motors Corp, Wayne, Mich.; *J. W. YOUNG, International Harvesfer Co, Chicago, III. ftejf Representative--HOWARD H. WARZYN, National Safety Council, ` Chicago, ill. nmittee Advisor and 'Past General Chairman. T ffcAMSACT!0NS VOLUME 17 t Current Safety Topics in ihe ' o MINING INDUSTRY as presented in sessions o ihe Mining Section erf ihe 42nd National Safely Congress. The Unwatering of (he Osceola Lode (A Symposium)...........10 . Ti Gtixril project (C A. Compbdl)...................................................... tO Character of the Water and Associated Problems (R,'J. Morcotlcj............- 12 Enfineermf 'Problems (P. H. Osffender).................................................. ' S7 Use of (he Camera in Accident Prevention (Seymour B. Fleming) 21 Noise (M. C *M. Pollard)........... ..............`.............................. 23- Practical Noise Control in Quarries and Mines fA. 8. Hoftiezer) 25 Safety Practices in Sinking the Peterson "A" Shaft (Peter F. Tontano)................................ >......................,....... 27 ' `(Goaf/ff*ed o* next po> NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 425 Nortli Mi&pa Avenae Chiago II. III. 24 t9$4 Motional Safety Congress Add Handling in the Treble-Super.Phosphate Industry By DUNCAN MaeBONALD Safety Eoju Anaconda Copper Miring Co, Anacooda Mont. We are primarily interested in the safe All adjustments on valves and hydrometers handling of the various types of add used are done from outside the ptesd-giass hous in the manufacture of treble*super phosphate. ing. Grcular openings with covers that The adds used in this industry are sul automatically close are placed in the housing. phuric add and phosphoric add. The HSO This allows the operator to reach through is manufactured separately in two kinds of and adjust the valves-or hydrometers with' plants, a contact add plant and a chamber .complete freedom from spraying add. This add plant. type of housing also allows complete visual inspection of this area. The H.PO, is manufactured within the phospate plant by the addition of HSO to In the fertilizer plant proper, the acids the phosphate rock. used are moved in larger lines, six indies to right inches in diameter. The add in these There is not space enough to cover the Sines moves by gravity. These larger, grav complete flow sheet for other the add* ity fed lines have replaced smaller lines plants or the phosphate plants. which were under pump pressure. By using We will cover some of the major safety items concerning the handling of sulphuric add in the contact plant and then in the fertilizer plant proper. the larger Sines the pressure is much less, therefore there is less danger from arid Iin$ leaks. The hazard of spraying is virtually eliminated. From the time the gas leaves the roaster Most of the idds used in- the fertilizer building for the contact plant and the fin plant are sealed within.the lines and stor ished product, HSO is placed into jarge age tanks. storage tanks. This process is ^ sealed or However, there are several points in .the closed unit. In other 'words, there is no plant where an employee Is working near man handling of the adds. However, there free acid. Each of these areas are different are a few items for safety worth mention and special safety regulations are set up. ing at this time. Where atmospheric conditions are rather In the contact plant most of the add lines . damp,' goggles are very difficult to wear are tinder pump pressure and when leaks' because of fogging, When this type of develop in these lines H*SO is easily conditions exist, right inch, .030 inch thick- sprayed a considerable distance. Certain ness, plastic faceshieids are used to replace safeguards must be taken to protect em the goggles. To give proper protection ployees. All add lines in the plant are cast' faceshieids must* be pulled down well over iron pipe connected..with cast iron flange the face, -A large, robber eyeeap goggle, type couplings.and the'couplings are covered with a .030 inch thickness plastic monoids, with- a `removable lead housing. This type is used for eye protection, where fogging of flange coupling makes an easier and is not a problem. safer method of replacing, repairing, or deaning the various add lines. The lead coverings are placed over the couplings to prevent any spray or leak from the coupling to strike an employee. One of the most prominent hazards in in add handling plant is the repair of add lines, add pumps, and the cleaning and re pairing of add storage tanks. It has. been necessary to equip the repairmen with rub Two hydrometers are located dose to each ber shoes, rubber clothing, robber 'gloves, other and in the same area dose by are a and a complete plastic hood which covers number of valves and add line couplings. the head, neck, and shoulders.- The plastic It is necessary for the operator to work hood has.a large'window for complete vi dose to the hydrometer and to adjust the sion. With this'"-type of protective equip ...valves in this area. \ A plexi-glass housing was built around these instruments and valves to `prevent add leaks from spraying on the operator. ment repairmen have, been able to work with comparative safety.'"'' Because of the great amount of coriosioh In the plant it has been difficult to pamt"aU. 74 1954 Xalional Safely Congress trols and restrictions but rather upon the mining management. Something must be done to get the atten tion of the worker in mining safety, create his interest in it, and maintain a firm desire on his part to'practice safety. The worker and supervisor alike must realize and be lieve that the worker is the focal point in the prevention .of accidents. Safety person nel must sell the idea to the workers them selves that they are the focal point in acci dent prevention and that safety is not going 16 be achieved alone or even in large part by laws, decrees, or commands,,but by quiet influence; unconscious suggestion, and per sona! guidance.. If these are acquired by the workmen and a safe environment and ample, capable supervision supplied by manage ment, accidents will be fewer and less severe. The Butte Mines Program By J. M. HARKINS Chief Safety Eng., Butte Mine*, Anaconda Copper Miniog.Co., Butte, Mont, The Butte Mines Department of the Bu i The Bureau of-'Safety conducts classes reau of Safety, which is composed of all each .year in first aid to the injured and .also members of top management, was organized in the care and use of oxygen breathing in the year 1914. It is headed by a chairman apparatus. and employs a staff of six safety engineers, All safety inspections are reported to a chief safety engineer, one clerk, and. one mine rqanagemcnt immediately, and copies staff artist: arc forwarded to the Bureau of Safety Safety engineers are under the direct Mjpcrvision of the diairman, -and are semii independent of the mine management. This where the}* are studied and filed. Suitable action is then taken with top management in cases that are deemed necessary. method affords them a free hand in their The staff of the "Bureau of 'Safety does in$|>cction of the mines, and in the investiga 'not consider their jobs as one of enforce tion of all accidents. ment, but rather as a service department to Safety meetings are held every two weeks for foremen, mine superintendents, assistant general superintendents, and the general su perintendent, These meetings are attended by the chairman of_lhe Bureau-of Safety and the chief safety engineer. Safety meetings are conducted at each mine, once a week by the safety engineer and are attended by shift bosses, assistant, foremen, foremen, and mine superintendents: help the supervisor in his safety efforts be cause it is sincerely believed that no super visor wants any man-to be injured if it can possibly be avoided. It .is very fortunate that almost every member of top`management is a former safety engineer and there is no question of getting the utmost, cooperation from these men .because the experience gained as a safety engineer follows through when the safety engineer becomes a top supervisor. The Bureau of Safety is responsible for the forming of codes and rule books, the creation and circulation of a constant supply of safety posters, bulletins, shift boss infor mation sheets and visual aids, and the pres entation of safety incentive awards. As a proof of the effectiveness of these methods, we submit figures that show the results from the year 1916 to the present date. The records'prior to 1916 were rather, indefinite due to the fact that it was then a pioneering movement, and the records were Every year a course in mine safety and not kept as they were in later years. Figures accident prevention is conducted, and must show the rate per 10,000 shifts for fatal, te attended by all supervisors from the grade of shift boss up to the general sujxerintendent. serious, and slight accidents combined and goes from a high point of 10.4 to the present 22. Officers of the MINING SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 19S4-55 General Ckairmanh-GEORGE GEDGE, Safety Engineer, Calumet Division Calumet and Hecla Inc, Calumet, Mich. I * First Vice-Chairman--JOSEPH WILLIAMS, Safety Engineer, Bunker Hill and Sullivan Mining and Concentration Co., Kellogg, Ida. Second Vice-Chairman--R. F. WILSON, Supervisor of. Safety, Oliver Iron Mining Divi sion, U. S. Steel Corporation, Duluth, Mitm. Third Vice-Chairman--IVAN SLOAN, Safety Director, Canadian Johns-Manville Co, Ltd, Asbestos, Quebec, Canada. Secretary & News Letter Editor--D. O. KENNEDY, Safety Branch, U. S. Bureau of ses, Washington. D. C. .' :I # Staff Represmtativ<t---G. G. GRIEVE, 'National Safety Council, Chicago, 111. '|QCJ TRANSfj&T(IONS I'UWT VOLUHE '2$ iiniiniriititiimttniwiiilBpmiiinunmiiuiti Current Safety Topics in the PETROLEUM INDUSTRY as presented in sessions of the Petroleum Section erf the 42nd National Safety Congress \\ii Industrial Hygiene in die Petroleum Industry (A. C. Pabst) Safe Handling of Insecticides (P. R. Wiihvy)................... 9 Safe Handling of Farm Fuels (Dr. Nona! J'. Watdlt) 10 Human Side of Safety (. C. Martin)................................... 12 Safe Handling of Electrical Equipment on the Farm (W. L Ulich). ......... 14 .0 The Drilling Contractor's Job In Safe Operations (Harry H. Hillman)... ............... .. ........... ..... (Co*iitttd oa cxt poycj 16 .V i -^ v NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 425Jodk MkUgai Avow OicAgo It. E 4 Industrial Hygiene in the Petroleum Industry By A. C. PABST Industrial Hygienist, Socony-Vacuum Oil Go, Inc, New York; N. Y. Industria! hygiene is a field that is closely The tyjfpeical inncdustrial hygienist usually interwoven with industrial safety. In fact, started ouh-asT chemist or chemical engi- it can be regarded as a medical engineering neer who became interested, and studied phase of safety. toxicological effects of chemicals on man. Unfortunately, many people do not know what'industrial hygiene is and the functions of an industrial hygienist The reason for this is that industrial hygiene is a compara tively new science and practically unknown twenty years ago. . Today there are only about 800 industrial hygienists in the United States, and a large number of this group are not in industry, but working for the federal govcpttrtenfspr state departments. Usually, people hearing the word "hygiene" recall they, had a .hy giene course in high school which*dealt with personal habits such as bathing, clean ing the fingernails, teeth, apd so forth and immediately Jump to the conclusion that an industrial hygienist in industry must be interested in. keeping employees clean. In my initial visit to many. refineries, it seemed that the first place I was taken was to locker rooms to inspect .shower and lav Consequently, he has a good background of, chemistry and engineering combined with some medical knowledge--a sort of onethird doctor, one-third engineer and onethird chemist. His objectives are protection and improvement of health and safety of workers in industrial environments from all' manger of harmful exposures related to occupation. Industrial hygienists and safety engineers have pretty much the same objectives and should be regarded as-members of the same team. Actually, the functions of each are . sometimes so inter-related it is not pos sible to draw a clear line of separation betweerf the two fields, nor iidt necessary to do so for if a man's health is endangered , by working conditions it i^-ah important part of his safety picture. In many indus tries, safety and industrial hygiene are combined in the same department. I atory facilities. In some degree, industrial In the petroleum industry, however, in- . hygienists are interested in the employee's dustriai hygienists are usually attached to cleanliness,* but only so far as it is neces the medical department, and work as. closely sary to prptect his health. We are moreinterested in keeping an employee's lungs, skin, and other organs dean and free from hazardous gases, liquids, and other harmful substances. as`possible with the safety department for the protection of the employees. There is good reason why, the petroleum industrial hygienists must lean heavily upon the safety department In the petroleum industry the Hygiene is defined as that branch of med ical science that relates to preservation of health. Therefore, industrial hygiene may be defined as the science of prevention and control of occupational illness. It resolves concept of industrial hygiene is relatively ^ new as compared to the chemical and other* industries, consequently, the number of pe troleum industrial hygienists is exceedingly small. Itself into the problem of finding factors or conditions in work places that may cause or contribute to the illness or serious dis comfort of employees, and of devising meth ods and means^of eliminating or controlling such conditions. Another term that may- On the other hand, safety departments are well established, well acquainted with and dose to every day problems of the petroleum industry. They have considerably more cov erage and manpower. best describe industrial hygiene might be To illustrate, the American Petroleum In industrial medical engineering. stitute's roster of safety and fire protection The industrial hygienist has done much 'persormd list some 1,200 names, probably1 toward bringing medicine and safety engi not all,' in this occupation. Contrasted. to neering into close cooperation partly because this, to the best .of my knowledge, there are feis interests overlap these two fields. at present, only 17 industrial hygienists Petrolrum Industry S working for petroleum companies--an indus try ratio of approximately 70 safety men to one industrial hygienist. Most of the major oil companies now have at least one indus trial hygienist and anywhere from 50 to 100 safety men so you can see it is very neces sary for us to work with ami through our safety people Basically, the practices of. industrial hy giene in the petroleum "industry, is the ^amc as in any other industry and it can be boiled down to four general principles: 1. A knowledge of the toxicology) of chemicals and materials. 2. A review of all chemicals or.materials used and how handled and tabulation of toxic of potentially hazardous $ui*Tinccs. 3. Measurement of worker ext>osure to Siazardous substances. 4. If required, recommendation and in stallation of adequate control measures and evaluation of the effectiveness of such cor rective steps. ` 2. It can 'be harmful by direct contact with the skin or parti of thg. bddy.-i v X It can be inhaled as w gas, vapor, mist or dust |/ Ingestion V.^"' Fortunately, petrolctun materials are not commonly or intentionally taken internally 'and therefore, trouble from this is rather rare in a refinery, although it does occa-` sionally'occur unknowingly. 1 recall watch ing a worker who had been, complaining of' stomach trouble, whose duties involved the compounding of litharge or lead oxide in a doctor solution. This man proceeded to emptybags of litharge into an outdoor mixing tank and because of the dust and mists generated he correctly wore a respirator. Of course, .his hands were covered with lead oxide, and to my amazement, the first- thing lie did when lie came down off the -catwalk was to take an orange out of his lunch box which lie started to peel ami cat--probably .one of the most effective ways to get' lead poisoning. Toxicology of Chemicals In regard to tht toxicology of chemicals, it is'{usually difficult to adequately define a Juuaruous material because practically any thing \can be safe or harmful depending upon now it is used or .where it is used. Unfortunately, when petroleum products get into the hands of customers ingestion is more frequent, usually, by small children whose parents carelessly leave products within easy reach. You know that every year there are fatalities reported from chil dren drinking kerosene. We have had hurry For example, air and water are not re calls from doctors involving children drink gardedJas harmful, but both arc quite deadly ing such products as penetrating oil and ' certain conditions--air ik injected fly sprays. int^f the blood "stream and,' wdterjif intro- Some times adults arc even worse as into the lungs. \_J there are* many eases of anti-freeze poison In- the same manner, the use of carbon ing, drinking of brake fluid and one I recall tetrachloride in a' process having properly of our radiator flush which contains muri designed ventilation would not be hazardous, atic acid and Chlorinated hydrocarbon. How while the use of carbon tetrachloride for ever, this product is fully labeled including mopping floors would be quite dangerous. .poison warning with the skull and cross Most- safety people- are aware that carbon bones. tetrachloride is a hazardous chemical because there has been considerable publicity regard ing itS toxicological effects, and in some cases, restrictive labeling requirements have l*een passed, for example, in New' York Gt\V Many other, chemicals used in the petroleum industry have inherent toxic qual ities of the same magnitude, yet are not so well known. In regard to toxicology, there are three ways in which a substance can cause adverse effects upon man: It should be- emphasized' that hardly a substance exists that is not capable of pro ducing effects on the human body if taken in sufficient amounts or under the. wrong circumstances. Even common table salt if used in sufficient quantities is toxic It is reported that many years ago the Chinese used table salt as a means of committing suicide Every chemical substance, there fore, has a non toxic dose for. man and a toxic dose for man. This can be well illus trated by the following slide on a widely 1. It can be ingested or swallowed. used commodity : 6 1954 National Safety Congress Effect of Alcohol Level in Blood* Ounce* at Whiiker Coa turned in l Hr. or leu Percent Alcohol in Blood Behaviot /* A primary irritant is a chemical that may 1 caus^ dermatitis in' individuals frequently-, after only one contact. They mayhave a strong chemical action, such as adds, alkalis, amines, and so forth or they may have a ~4 t 2-3 5 <5 S 10 2346 30 O.Ot 0.02 0.03 0.! O.tJ 0.2 0.3 0.4 . 0.3 0.6 - 0.7 Normal. Peelinx of warmth * utt aorial bctirior. E 3seoe Mooted, fai. tmoalsirc. Offid*H]r still aobcr. Fumbling. tuccerinc gait, clumsiness. slurred speech. Officially drunk. Response* and motor coordination stronaiy affected. Helpleat, oauses. Stupor. Coma. Paralysis oi the respiratory center -- Death. weak chemical action but.require prolonged contact to cause dermatitis. Most petroleum . hydrocarbons are primary irritants but are. classed in the latter category in that pro-' longed or extensive contact is usually re quired to came skin irritation. Sensitizing agents, on the othw- hand, 'are chemicals that are innocuous to most skins but capable of producing dermatitis} in a few susceptible individuals following .re peated contacts over a long period vof time. ' Pfixer Spectrum, JAMA. March 27, 1934 Sensitization may require weeks, months' Skin and Body Contact or even years of contact with the material before dermatitis develops. '1 Approximately 60 per cent of all com plaints received by our department are con cerned with dermatitis and skin irritations resulting from contact with petroleum mate rials. The petroleum industry is now handling large quantities of chemical additives and inhibitors, many of which are strong pri mary .irritants and wry active chemical compounds. By nature, inhibitors usually By far, the majority of these complaints have'to be very potent chemicals 'because, are from customers so this- is a subject that while they are used in very low concentra is very important in the marketing of pe tions, they exert a powerful influence on the troleum products. characteristics or performance of the prod Cases among our employees or in our uct, and many of the inhibitors are just as refineries are few when compared with those potent towards nun. among industrial users of petroleum prod One very active class of inhibitors are the ucts, and it is believed that the reason for amines and substituted amines, and we are this is due mainly to the degree or extent particularly concerned abourthem because of contact. they are very damaging to'the'eyes, amLa In the petroleum industry skin contact is not generally experienced to the extent that it is--for. example, in the metal working industries^ where' a daily eight hour skin contact with--cutting oils often takes place. It is definitely established that, skin is not an impermeable terrier to chemical sub stances, and it is increasingly important as a route'of absorption for many materials. Action of chemicalk on skin may he local resulting in dermatitis. Examples we are familiar with are kerosene, cutting oils, and so forth, or a chemical may be absorbed through the skin and cause damage to blood or internal parts of the body. splash can readily result in blindneu/TlW amines are usually strong smelling drastic liquids, insoluble in water, hence difficult to remove by washing. They can cause severe eye bums and necrosis* of eye tissue. In addition, most amines are readily absorbed through the skin; and -even tow quantities may cause internal'damage and death. The following will show the effect on skin of one such amine-dimethyl phenyfene diamine: Amoeat Skin Area , Effect O.OOtct 0.003CC 4.ficc \ tq.cm. Heat -- redo*** -- nth t *q.cm. Biiatrr formatioa 12 *q. ifl. Death Employees should be fully alerted as to Lead tetraethyl as an illustration does not hazards, of such materials and should, be affect the skin or cause dermatitis but can .. educated'to the use of protective - goggles, penetrate the skin and- cause internal pois gloves and aprons when handling such prod- oning. ucts, an activity within the scope of the Regarding external or local skin effects, safety engineer. chemicals may be classified either as pri The foregoing applies to concentrated or mary irritants or sensitizihg agents. undiluted , inhibitors. Finished petroleum Petroleum Industry t products should and usually do contain such A few of the materials commonly en ; * a small quantity, and the inhibitor is so countered in the petroleum industry an diluted as *to remit in practically no more listed below: 'harm in the finished product:than 'there would be from the straight mineral oil itself. Industrial dermatitis cases some times .re sult in bizarre and erroneous conclusion^ as to their cause even by those who should know better. } J recall a case of a young man who Gluts end V*t*i `, Substance PPK Benzene (benaoi) .................................................. 35 . Guboa dioxide .........................................................500C Cuban auxKMtfde ........................ IOC Cuboa tetrachloride ........ .......... . '........ 21 G*jtioe ............... ........... ...100 Hydrogm wtfidc ......................... 20 Napbtlu {petroloua) ................................... 300 Qctiee .. !.............................................. sof Sulfur dioxide ............................................... .... U worked in a gasoline station and developed a severe dermatitis. He went to a physician who made patch tests on him and found lie had a sensitivity to special gasoline but no reaction to regular gasoline. Apparently, ' Ttxif Dull. Famtt. tad Mini Subftince M(t. Pe Cu. M Iron oxide lame .................:............ ... . ...13 U*d ............................... .. ............. .. .. 0.13 Sulfuric acid ................................... ............. .... i the, physician had heard special gasoline contains a lot of lead because the case was Subwancc Miami Dam * MPPCJ diagnosed as resulting from an excess of lead tetraethyl in the special gasoline. We thought this strange because while we all know that lead tetraethyl is a violent poison and can be absorbed through the skin, it is not a primary skip irritant and has never been known to came dermatitis: A review of records of gasoline shipments into the particular area showed the regulir gasoline actually contained the same or some times more lead than the special gasoline, clearly proving\ that,, lead tetraethyl was not to bbune, but that some1 other material was Aabeato# .........................................'.................... Duat (uoiiance. no free silica) ......................... Silica ` Ucb (abore 30% free SiO) .......................... medium <3 to 30% free SOi) ...................... . tow (below 3% (ree.SiOi) ............................ 5 30 3 20 30 These values are based on the best avail able information from industrial experience, from experimental studies, and, when pos sible, front a combination of the two. They are not fixed values but arc reviewed annu ally by the Committee on Threshold Limits for changes, revisions, or additions as fur ther information becomes available Threshold Limits should be used as guides In control of health hazards and should not , "Of the three avenues by which chemicals be regarded as fine lines between safe and can be taken into the body, inhalation prob dangerous concentrations. They represent- ably has received by fir the most study and conditions .only within which it is felt that- investigation because it is the most impor workers may be repeatedly exposed, daj tant consideration in industrial health. after day, without their health being ad The vast amount of research on tlie in halation of materials has resulted in publica tion of very useful data on safe human exposure levels known as Threshold Limit Values-or Maximum Allowable Concentra tions. This is a lis't of several hundred com monly encountered chemicals, solvents, dusts, and so-forth, the toxicology of which has been &a_$enlly studied by medical research and industrial experience. versely affected. It Is felt, at the present time; that workers should not be exposed to a working environment containing any of these substances in excess of the value indicated. I cannot over emphasize the importance of the Threshold Limit Values and believe that every safety man should be famlllar^whh thenCiaidTttve copies of the complete table, becausel>*Key have been* incorporated/ in' states' codes and have the force of law in The list is compiled annually by the Amer many states, and therefore,. must be com- ican Conference'; of Governmental Indus , plied with. So far some nineteen states have trial Hygienists: and is published by the written Threshold Limit Values into their American Medial Association. It tabulates laws and often management Is hot aware of the maximum amt-ant of the various mate* twch requirements but would be Ih a vul rials workers can safely be exposed to for nerable ^position if trouble resulted from an eight hour working daj-rwttfiout injury excessive exposure to any of the materials. to health. ' f ' V Usually rt-ft up to safety people and Indus- 8 1954 National Safety Congress trial hygienists to alert management to the existence; of these codes and to institute measures for measurement of air contam inants so as to insure compliance. Even a common material like gasoline has a maximum safe level which is 500 parts per million. The results of exposure to concentrations greater than SCO ppm is shown by the following: A hazard ti defined afr--"t!ie risk of in jury or illness which may be encountered . during or as a result of any reasonably anticipated type'of handling or use of a substance, or during its specified use, if any, by reason of the toxicity of- the substance through ingestion, inhalation or absorption through the skin, or due to its corrosiveness . or irritating properties, or because of its flammability or explosiveness." t Gasoline Exposure Similar labeling regulations already exist Symptoms: Headache, irritation of eyes and - throat, dizziness, nausea, loss of con sciousness, death. Put* Per Million % Maximum Allowable cootefltration for prolonged exposure ..................................... S00 Slight symptoms after severalhourt... .. 1000 Maximum concentration tolerible for 1 hr. '000 Dangerous for short exposure................... .. I '000 Fatal for short rrpoiure...................................2'000 Lower explosive limit........................ . 14000 0,0' 0.1 0.' l.' 1.4 in California, Illinois. Oregon, ami the Ter ritory of Hawaii and are in the'making in New -Jersey, New Hampshire, Ohio and Rhode Island. More can be expected. For tunately, most state regulations are guided by recommendations of the Manufacturing Chemists* Association, Inc. and with some few exceptions, conformity in one state results in conformity in other states.' - - It is recognized that as a rule labeling Product Labeling regulations of many products are advisable One very important function f the in dustrial hygienist in the petroleum industry and result in safer handling of the material by customers, but it requires extensive work, is precautionary labeling of product. This is receiving more and more emphasis as knowledge of product and toxicological in- f formation to determine what products must state after state passes labeling regulations. be labeled and how they should be labeled. The most recent is the state of New York In our company's .operations, we use some where the Council on Public Health passed < what over 2.Q0Q basic chemicals or raw on February 26, 1954 labeling regulations materials and tfianufacture some 3,500 fin which became effective August 24, 1954 as ished products Vhch must" be reviewed in Chapter IX-A of the Mew York State dividually in regard tq tlt above. Sanitary Code. These labeting regulations To illustrate, the following arc just a. have the force and effect of. law and require few of the hazardous materials that are-' precautionary labeling on any product which encountered in petroleum refinery opera entails a hazard in a reasonably anticipated, tions or that might W' eompotmded into use. finished products: MnSftinit EntnmnttrtJ in Pttfltnm Ktfinerj, Ofttdtitni Respiratory irritants Acrolein Acetaldehyde Aluminum Chloride Aouxaii Asbestos Ditcrtiarv butyl part cresol Dusts. physiologically inert, general Daks, jttipeigus clay Dusts, bauxite Dusts, catalyst Formaldehyde Fluorides Furfural Inhibitors Lime Nitrogen oxides Oiooe Silica Smoke Sulfur dioxide Roe Oil Welding fumes Tone Materials Aniline, liquid Aniline, dyo Benzol (Benzene) Carbon Monoxide Chlorinated hydrocarbons Chrome compounds Cobalt, metal Hydrogen sulfide Inhibitors Lead, metal ft fumes Lead, oxide, litharge Lead, tctraethjl Lead, soap* Manganese . Mercury Methanol Radioactive materials, general Toluol (Toluene) Xjriob (Xylene)' Stun Imuaii Acids -- alt kinds Aanet Benzol (Benzene) Caustics Chromium Salts Coat-tar Compounds Cobalt, metsi and compounds Dyes Inhihitoes Nickel salts * Oils, general Oils, high boiling from Cat ft Steam Cracking Oils, insoluble cutting Phenol Pitch Solvents Ultra Violet Radiation Wax, untreated Petroleum Industry 9 ' The petroleum industry has nude re* /table progress in development of new and better products and in improving proc essing operations. Accompanying this prog ress has been new problems of toxicology and health engineering which must be stud ied and investigated with the same zeal as other types of research.' The advent of catalytic cracking resulted in production and handling of aromatic Hy drocarbons, and of importance to us, healthproblems long associated with the coal-jar industry. The use ?f new chemical catalysts, inhib itors; and other chemical compounds involve health problems flat chemical industries iiave faced for years. To illustrate tiiis trend we need only look at the modem gasolines, fuel oils and motor oils. Years ago motor oils were practically 100 per cent petroleum in nature with little, if any, additives: today they contain up to 15 to 20 per cent of chemicals, additives and inhibitors, awl this trend will continue t<cause there is no question that additive* necessary and Contribute much to im prove -performance characteristics. Every step in this direction, however, does jxisc .new problems of health and safety among our plant personnel and our custom ers. Because the petroleum induitry is be coming more and more involved in the /lundling of all kinds of chemicals having I: * various degrees of physiological effects-upon l .man, I would like to quote the following \ concerning chemicals from a publication } issued by Du Pont`s Haskell Laboratory of Toxicology: "It Takes All Sorts" "`Chemicals, like people, can be mild, frac tious and often exasperating. Like people, chemicals are of. many types and disposi tions. Most are uncomplaining, law-abiding citizens who present no special problems. .Some are unstable and unpredictable. Some arc out-and-out neurotics, requiring a sharp and observant discipline. Others, harmless by themselves, may be influenced by bad company. Still others are troublemakers in Military. Init ilocile and helpful in tandem. Some are just plain bad actors." It is my firm opinion that good industrial hygiene in the petroleum industry is de pendent upon combined skills of many and requires earnest cooperation of industrial physicians, industrial nurses, toxicologists, chemists, safety men and industrial hy gienists working together as a team. We all have a very important part in the picture. Safe Handling of Insecticides- By F. R. WILLSEY Farm Safety Specialist, Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind. Insecticides arc supposed to kill! Of course; they are supposed to kill only insects liut the fact that they are intended to kill anything at all should be enough to cause us to be alert In one sense this problem of "Safe Handling of Insecticides" isn't a new prob lem at all. For years, we've had insecti cides that could and occasionally did kill humans. We have also had some that were less dangerous. On the other hand, in a few -hort years we've clianged from a few old landhys to over 5,000 products involving about 70 chemicals. Why all this change ? ; l. Apparently feople don't like to eat worms as well as they did. At least public opinion seems to demand Siigher quality products now that people realize such prod ucts can be produced. 2. And the government doesn't think t>eople siiould eat so many insects. Tliat's indicated by the fact that we have more laws and regulations governing quality of products, labeling of insecticides, spray resi due, and so forth. 3. Insects travel more. They hitch-hike rides on the very latest transportation facili ties. As a result they get more places and get there quicker than they could a few years ago. ' 4. New chemicals, plus research, makes new insecticides possible. I n fact with each Officers of the PETROLEUM SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1954-55 " ,J> General Chairman--}. H. McKENZIE, General Petroleum Corporation, Los Angeles. Calif. Vice-General Chairman--FRED CLAIBORNE, Stanolind Oil and Gas Company. Tulsa. Okla. Secretary--F. G. WILSON, American Petroleum Institute, New York, RV HI Cotnpany^Lok-, Angeles, Vice-Chairman--Production--E. M. McCRACKEN, Shell Oil Calif. , ,4 ' , Vice-Chairman--Marketing--A. *R. BOWLES, The Texas Company, New York, N. Y. Vice-Chairman--Pip* Unef--C. R LINDBERG, Sbclair Pipe Line Company, Sinclair Building', Independence, Kans. f Vice-Chairman--Exploration and Driilmg-i-WM. F. BURRIS, Phillips Petroleum Com pany, . Bartlesville, Okla. t Vice-Chairman--Manufacturing--PARK ER{ FOLSE, Magnolia Petroleum Company, Beau-* moat,'Texas. '* / ' Chairman Atlantic Division--]. R.. WILSON, Gulf Oil Corporation, Philadelphia, Pa. Chairman Gulf Coast--R. TL- CARRUTHERS, Shell Pipe line Corporatkw, Houston, Texas. ., * , Chairman Great Lakes--GK J. GERHARZ, The Pure Oil Company, Lemon*, HL Chairman - Mid-Continent--HOLLY P. BRADLEY, Service Pipe Line Company, Tulsa, OkU. ` Chairmm Pacific---KARL SCHULZE, Standard Oil Company, of California, S*a Fran- dico, Calif. . ' Chairman Research--J. B. DeLAUNE, Gtiea Service Refining Corporation, Tutwikr Re finery, latEeX^iaries, La, _ 1- \ ' ; ' . Chairmm{^EnQtncfring--J. F. McKENNA, Aurora Gaaelme Company, Detroit, Midi. Chairman Visual Aids--.H. F. BROWN, ShdrOil Company, New York,! N. Y. . ` lJ . . '' Chairman Health--DR. B. B. REEVE, Standard1 Oil (Indiana), Chicago, IU, Chairman Contest and Statistical--J. H. CAMERON, The Atlantic Refining Company, ' . Philadelphia, Pa. * New# Letter Editor--JOHN T. KING, Union Oil Company of California, Los Angeles, Calif. Assistant Mem Later Editor-KVSS EBERLY, Standard Oil (Indiana), Chicago, IU. .f * * ' Off-the-Job Safety--C. L. HIGHTOWER, United Gas Corp, Shreveport, La. past General Chairmen--j. B. DeLAUNE, Gties Service Refining Corporatioo, Lake Charles, Lat; WALTER BOON, Son Oil Company, Marcus Hook, Pa.; C D. ATTAWAY. Arkansas Fuel Oil Company; W. O. WILSON, Standard CHI (Intfiana); `DJL FARRELL, Shell Pipe Line Corporation;' D. A KLF.MME, Stanotind Oil and 'Gas Company; W. L KENT, Magnolia Petroleum Company; J. HOWARD MYERS, The Atlantic Refining Company; JOHN C ASKAM, The Ohio OillCompany; J. L. RISINGER, Soeooy-Vacuum Oil Company, Inc; H. T. MARKEE,' Phillips Petroleum Company; F. R. McLEAN, White Star Division, Soamy-Vacmim Oil Company, Inc; C A MILLER, The Texas Company; C J. NOBMANN, Shell Oil Company;.J. H. BROWN, Tide Water Associated Oil Company; H. W. BOGGESS, Sinclair Prairie CHI Company; A W. BREELAND, Lone Star Gas Company; R. R. ROAPER, Humble Oil and Refining Company; GERALD '0. LOCKWOOD, Continental Casualty Company; R. W..BLACK, Esso Standard Oil Company; G L, HIGHTOWER, United Gas Corporatson,' Shreveport, La.; R E. DONOVAN, Standard Oil Company (Calif.); GEORGE F. PRUSSING. Consultant; V. R. CURRIE, The Texas Company; E. J. Sinclair Prairie Oil Company; ROY S. r sd iafety Council, Chicago, I1L Petroleum Industry 33 cannot be stressed enough. Instruction in 'roper sleeping, standing, lifting and sitting osture with regular exercises is important in building and maintaining strength and flexibility in the back. Contrary to popular belief, sitting on the tailbone; with feet propped on a desk,- is a good sitting posture. The knees are higher than the hips, which is important when sitting. ' ,^ The backache problem is increasing in magnitude. As America's working popula tion increases in age, it becomes more and .more serious. Everyone concerned must work together. Cooperation is the answer. Questions from the Floor: Q. fs it true that 90 per cent of all back aches in industry arc due to constipation, poor posture or foot trouble? Dr. Stacy: These troubles are indicative of the worker's general physical condition. Back pains are, in the majority of cases, merely a warning sign of a more serious trouble. The important thing is to find the fundamental cause of what is irritating the '"'rack to make it hurt. Q.; Do you believe that industry is justi fied in requiring the applicant to submit to i \ . x-rays as part of the pre-empioymeut exam ination ? J . Dr. Stacy: 1 certainly do. This is merely __ one forward step in pre-employment screat-" ing which is as valuable to the employee as to the employer. The firm is as entitled to know the general physical condition .of the applicant as his general appearance and mental aptitude, and x-rays aid in securing1 II. this information. Q. How much should a- healths* worker lift? Dr.. Stacy: The weight to lie lifted is not important, except1 for gross abuse. Back trouble usually has built up for many years, ft would be ideal for every employee to be kept constantly able in any position to lift 200 pounds but never itave to lift more than 150 leaving a/25T'er cent safety margin. St is .not unliW a lire, which after'so many thousand miles of good Service, blows out as it rolls ovxjr a nibble. I repeat .thorough pre-employment examinations complete with x-rays; maintenance of strong, straight, mobile lack; accurate, qualified diagnosis, and dose cooperation among all parties con cerned, is the answer to "Industry*' Back ache." How the Oil .industry's Fires Occur and Methods for. Combating Them (A Symposium) - , Marketing .... 1 By JOHN J. JARVIS Technical Consultant, The Atlantic Refining Gx, Inc, Philadelphia, Pa. I. Basic cause of fire is the combination of flammable vapor and air mixture together with a source of ignition. A. Basic problem, therefore, is to: 1. Reduce to a minimum vapors in air. 2. Eliminate or control sources of ignition. II. Specific Hazards in' Marketing A. Bulk Terminals 1. Vapor sources primarily from leaks or venting. 2. Sources of ignition include electrical equipment, hot work, spread-in fires from weeds. ' * B. Tank Trucks and Loading Facilities 1. Vapor sources primarily from spills and venting. 2. Sources of ignition include electrical equipment,- hot engine parts, unauthorized smoking, open Sights and possible static discharge. C. Service Stations 1. Vapors primarily from venting and unauthorized volatile solvents. 2. Sources of ignition are many and difficult to .control. * 1 i^ p Omil aL Uc Ma# Eas 2^ 5fp ^ i Current Safetyt Topics in the RUBBER INDUSTRY as presented in sessions, of the Rubber Section . at the 42nd Nationa! Safety * Congress Getting Top Management' interest In Safety (Glen 0. Cross).. 4 Using Contests to Get Participation in the ' Safety Program fM. ft. Batehe)................*............ 6 E} Encouraging the Wearing of Protective Clothing '(AHted i. Betml).............. ............... ' .............................. 1 Housekeeping and Safety inspections (Frank'C. Statblnl).......... 8 t i Safety Meetings and Other Safety Training (D. M. Cornell)... 10 Recent Developments In Calender Safety (Nelson C. Longee) ... f I c, ' The Wooster Rubber Company Safety,Program (Grant E. Rose) -18 ' Safety ii^the Rubber Industry (A Round Table Discussion)......... 20 o ciorrv rAiikiril . ITS Hnrth Miditoan Avemie Chicago 11, Hi. A 1I Offibers of the > * ,v RUBBER SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUN&H 1 954-55 yj General Chairihan--T. J. CAIN, JR., Tlie B. F. Goodrich Co., Akron, Ohio. t'icc-Chairnian. in Charge of Program--W. M. GRAFF, U. S. Rubber Company, New York, N. Y. Secretary--J. L. DEAN, The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company, Memphis, Tenn. Netvs Letter Editor--C. E BECK, St. Clair Rubber Company, Marysville, Mich. .. * Engineering Committee--D. M. CARSON (Chairman), U. S. Rubber Company, Detroit, Mich.; RAY HART, The Dayton Rubber Company, Dayton, Ohio; J. A. KLEIN-{ HANS, The' General- Tire- & Rubber Company, Chemical Division, Akron, Ohio. Health Committee--R. H. WILSON, M.D. (Chairman), The B. F. Goodrich Co., Akron,' Ohio; K. A. KELSEN, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, Akron, Ohio; W. L HOGUE JR-, M.D., The Firestone Tire &. Rubber Co, Akron, Ohio; W. A. Me- CAUSLAND, M.D., Hood Rubber Co., Division of B. F. Goodrich Company, Water- town, Mass. , Membership Committee--W. J.-DOOLING (Chairman), Hood Rubber Co, Division of B. F. Goodrich, Watertown, Mass.; `GEORGE H. BURKHARDT, The Genera! Tire and Rubber Company, Akron, Ohio; *R. W. FICKES, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, Akron, Ohio. Poster Committee--C. *S. KRUGER (Chairman) ,, Carlisle Tire & Rubber Division of Carlisles 'Corp., Carlisle, Pa.; A. B. MAINES, Rqmblic Rubber Division of the Lee" Rubber & Tire Corp, Youngstown, Ohio; G. A. MILLER, The Gates Rubber Com pany, Denver, Colo. * Trade Association and Liaison Committee--F.`T. REYNOLDS (Chairman), University of Akron Government Laboratories, Akron, Ohio. J Rules and Regulations Committee--G. D.'CROSS (Qiairman), The Firestone Tire & Rubber Co, Akron, Ohio. .> Publicity Committee--K. B. DAVIS (Chairman), B. F. Goodrich Chemical Co, Cleve land, Ohio. '` \ Statistics Committee--A. Ri. POMEROY (Chairman), The Ohio Rubber Co, Willoughby, Ohio. Manufacture of Synthetic Rubber Committee--E R. GARDNER (Chairman), Goodyear Synthetic Rubber Corp, Agent, Federal Facilities Corporation, Alcrbn, Ohio; F. C STARBIRD, The Firestone. Tire & Rubber Company, Synthetic Rubber Division, Ak'ron, Ohio; H. j. JOY, JR, Federal Facilities Corporation, Washington, D. C 72 Mechanical Goods Committee--N. C. LONGEE (Chairman), U. S. Rubber Company, ''assaic, N. J. C. MI LARCH, Corduroy Rubber Company, Grand Rapids, Mich.; J. R.-COVERT, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., The Industrial Products Division,- 'Akron, Ohio. v, . ,<*# " 1 Rubber Laboratories Comtyiftec--C. K. FRICK (Cltairtnan), Van Clce Brothers, Inc., Division of Johns-MaimH^ Corp^ Chicago, III.; F.` W. SANDS, U. S. Rubber Com pany, New York, N. Y.; J. J. RAYTKEWICH. U. S. Rubber Company, Joliet, III. Reclaim Manufacturing Committee--BaVcHE (Chairman), Xylos Rubber Com pany, Akron, Ohio; *R. Ms BOYLES, Midwest Rubber Reclaiming Co.* East St. Louis, III.; R. J. LOVE, Pequanoc Rubber Co., Butldr, N. J. Members-at`Large--*H. L. ANDREWS, The Firestone Tire .& Rubber Co., Pottstown, Pa.; *T. H. BOYD, Manhattan Rubber Manufacturing Division of Raybestos Man hattan, Inc, Passaic, N. J.; *R. A. BULLOCK, Corduroy Rubber Company, Grand Rapids, Mich.; *R. S. FARNUM, U. S. Rubber Company, Detroit, Mich.; `ROLAND KASTELL, U. S. Rubber Company, New York, N. Y.; *J. T. KIDNEY, The Good-year Tire & Rubber Company, Akron, Ohio; *J. E. LOVAS, U. S. Rubber Company, Passaic, N. J.; #S. A. WRIGHT, Inland Manufacturing Division, General Motors Corporation, Dayton, Ohio. Staff Representative--F. A. VAN ATTA, National Safety Council, Chicago, 111. Rubber Industry 11 The last page of the report gives a brief ription of the lost time and light work which occurred during the month. This page also gives the standings of the individual teams in the intra-pbnt super visory, contest What do we hope to accomplish through this report? We show the supervisor how his plant <ad department .compare, with similar plants and departments on safety. We try to give all the persons credit for a good 'safety record and for their safety activities. We give the supervisor credit for no lost time accidents, the sale of safety shoes, safety glasses, for making safety contacts and for all the other phases of our program.- Likewise- when his safety efforts slacken we can point to a number of differ ent items which indicate the need for greater effort. Vf. What Visual Aids Are Used? A film is shown at nearly every meeting. Most of the films deal with industrial safety-eye protection, foot protection and `first aid. We also include films on off-the- ' safety, such as home and traffic safety, feel that a safety, meeting' should be entertaining! as .well as instructive. In the fall wp show a hunting film and in" the spring a fishing film. Another visual aid which we have used in'our meetings is an opaque-projector. This projector wi|i show a picture which is six inches by jrfx inches on a screen. Each of our safety men have a flash 'camera and take pictures out in the plant They take pictures of well guarded and unguarded equipment good or poor housekeeping and safe or un* safe acts of employees. These pictures are thrown on the screen and discussed. Our'conference rooms have black boards which are used to note the standings in our current contests, both national and local. The boards are also used for other perti nent information we wish to discuss in the meeting. VfL What * Have . We Learned from Twelve Years of Safety Meetings? 1. The result of interesting meetings is good attendance. 2. The better the room the better the meeting--most of our rooms are air con ditioned. 3. Start the meetings on time. 4. Keep the meetings short--never more than one hour, preferably less.' 5. Maintain all equipment in good con dition' and have it set up ready to operate before the. meeting. 6. Schedule the meeting each month and let nothing interfere with your meeting. 7. Meeting attendance is better and more is accomplished when "the boss'* takes an active part in the meeting. Short, interesting, well planned safety meetings each month can do much toward making your safety program a real success. OMBK- ... t ' ,_ f Recent Developments in Calender Safety By NELSON C. LONGEE . Safety Supvt., Passaic Plant, U. S. RubU Co/Pawfc, N. J. ; Most safety engineers are, to quote our pose to operations ahd'conditions tied in the good friend Jack Kidney, "nuts about some basic operation; and best of all, they control special feature of accident .prevention." the frequency and severity of accidents stem My particular idiosyncracy happens to be ming from the hazard they guard because machine guarding. It is toed on a firm such accidents are largely prevented. belief that few other activities 'offer;'such It is natural for men who' are greatly opportunities to promote efficient produc interested in some specific field to become tion. I submit that pibperly developed and specialists--at least in their own opinion. 'oduction-proved machine guards open up I do not pretend to be a specialist Most ,oe use of machines to even the least-skilled . important, ^ however, is the realization that operator;'they permit a wider range of ma machine guarding in its greatest dimensions chine use; they often rfduce machine abuse; is but a small part of the accident preven their effect extends beyond the initial; por- tion effort^ that calender guarding is a still. 20 r"\ Safety in' the Rubber- Industry (A Round Table Discussion) Synthetic lubber and lubber Laborateiies-. Presiding: K. 'B. Davis, Supvr, Safety and Training, B. F. Goodrich Chemical Co, Qeye- '< land, Ohio Recorder: F. T. Reynolds, Safety and Personnel Dir, University of Akron Government laboratories,..Akron, Ohio (14 Participants) The discussion developed half a dozen rec ommendations for meeting common labora tory safety problems and suggestions for new section activities. The problem of han dling solvents and laboratory equipment was 'discussed. It was suggested that a specific manual for each laboratory be used. Several manuals were recommended, among them the Na tional Safety Council's Safe Practices Pam phlet No. 60, "Chemical Laboratories," and the RFC Manual. It was also recommended that eye protec tion of some form be used and that special' areas for smoking be set aside if they are not already. Most plants do have such areas. The definition of chemicals is also another problem in most plants. The purchasing de partment should get information on the toxicity, of all new materials to be used and'"' the receiving department should be kept informed of this information. There were two suggestions for expansion of Section and Cotmdl activities. . It was urged that the Council encourage the ex change of ideas about associated industries. Reference was made to the synthetic rubber industry's^ program in Washington. , It was also suggested that safety should be -incorporated in the laboratory training, of, college students. The National Safety Council is the obvious one to sponsor such training. Automatic Fire Press Safety Presiding: Edward Turner, Safety Director, the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, - Ltd, Toronto, CanadaConference Recorder: W. M. Grait, Safety Director, U. S. Rubber Company, New York City The first subject of discussion was Bago- brake; the entire * mechanism should be- matic press safety, .^ags burst under pres checked by a mechanic Sometimes oper sure and operators are burned with scalding . ators try to beat the standard by cutting water.' ( y - down on the tipie cyde. It should be an Operators are'^ughtJm dosing presses. While the presses dcrHave a safety bar. to established rule that is strictly enforced that prevent the press from closing if someone all operations in the cavity of the press must is- in it, the concensus of opinion was that be completed before the cyde is started. The since, the danger is so great, regular inspec use of portable extension cords-to permit tion and testing of the safety devices should the opening of stride presses from a distance be done. It is not enough to just trip the was also reported and recommended. 188 Highlights of Recent Revision--216.1-1,945 Code for CompOing Industrial Injury Rates B7 HENRY B. DUFFUS Adminiitrator, Aeddait Prevcntloc, Wesdncboose Electric Corp^, Pittsburgh, Pa. "The proposed draft of Anglican Stand ard Z16.1-1945 goes even farther than the present code in providing loopholes whereby a firm or its safety director .can obtain salve for a guilty conscience. If the, purpose of the code is to assist the boys with the sharp penal to win awards based on frequency or severity, it serves the purpose well. As safety engineers, the ASSE should promote only those ideas which foster presentation of unvarnished facts and the highest pro fessional ethics. .A standard method which is used to compare one organisation against another should be as indexible as possible and not encourage a safety engineer 'to spend more time looking for loopholes than he spends on looking. for accident causes." In 1926 at a national conference on indut trial accident prevention the resolution was* adopted in favor of a revision of Bulletin No: 276 by the American Engineering Standards Committee, now the American Standards Association. The subject of com piling 'accident rates was made.a .part of the task assigned to the committee because of its'basic importance from both the scien tific and practical . points of view. The ground work was laid during the next three years, then after another four" years of thorough going over, Z16.I-1937 was bom. Incidentally, two members of the original committee, H. W. Heinrich and Paul Dorwetler, are still active members of the pres ent committee. That statement is not mine. It is{ taken This- new standard established several from one of the letters that came out of a basic dements of industrial injury report-- recent survey made o`f all ASSE chapters ing: 1) arising out of and in the course of relative to the proposed revision of Ameri employment; 2) six degrees of injury; 3) can Standard Z16.I-1945. basic time charges; 4) frequency, number of Here is another statement taken from injuries per million man-hours and severity, another letter. "If we are going to charge' number of days lost per thousand man injuries over which the employee or em hours; and, 5) the'disposition of question ployer did not have control or if neither able cases was governed by workmen's com the employed nor the employer could control pensation rulings. the cause of the injury, all the accident pre - In 1942 a committee was formed to study vention activities in the world could not pre a need for revision. They quickly put into vent a recurrence, and consequently the ef practice a proposed revision on calendar fectiveness of the code as a measuring stick period changes, -thus providing a uniform of safety is defeated." method of incorporating delayed time Note how diametrically opposed these two charges on late ,reported cases. In 1945 a viewpoints are. When you do, you begin revision of the standard was published. The to realize the terrific problem that has faced basic changes .at^that time included di- us over the post years in our attempts'to . vorcing the standard entirely from work keep the standard as an accepted method men's rompcnkgtkh rulings. Occupational for compiling industrial injury rates. disease was addedl limitations were put on the repdrtability of hernias. Common carrier Background of Industrial Injury Rates injuries and parking lot injuries were ex . Industrial injury statistics go back as far as 1911 when the International Association of Industrial Accidents Boards and Com missions found a need for standardization. cluded. A 48-hour hospital observation period was added and exception was made excluding fingernails,- teeth, disfigurement, and so forth. Then after three or four years (1914) they The need for revision of this code was developed Bulletin No, 276 of the Bureau of apparent, within a year after the 1945 re Labor Statistics. In 1919, the National Safety vision. In 1947 subcommittees were estab Council published Safe Practice Pamphlet lished to do research work on each of the No. 21. major sections of the code. As of Septem- Officers of the MARINE SECTION . NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1954-.5S General Chairman--HARRY X. KELLY, Pres, Mississippi Shipping Co,- Inc, (Delta Line); New Orleans, Lx ` Executive General Chairman--JOHN D. ROGERS, Vice-Pres, Esso Shipping Go, New York, N. Y. '. Vice General Chairmen (Atlantic Area)--F. M. ROHRER, Vice-Pres, Grace Line New York, N. Y.; W. N; DAMONTE, Vice-Pres. & Mgr, Marine Dept, Sinclair Refining Co, New York, N. Y.; PHILIP V. EVERETT,-Vice-Pres, States Marine Corp, New York, N. Y.; R. K. KELLY, Vice-Pres, Tide Water Associated-Oil Co,-New York, N. Y.; CAPTAIN WILLIAM H. YOST, Vice-Pres, Isthmian S.S. Gx, New York, N. Y.; CARL F. VANDER tLUTE, Asst Gen. Mgr, Marine Dept, Gulf Oil Corp, New York, N. Y.; PARKER WISE, Gen. Mgr, Marine Transporta tion Dept, Socony-Vacuum Oil Co, New York, N. Y. , < Vice General Chairman (Gulf Area)--ROBERT . RADER;'.Vice-Pres, Lykes Bros. Steamship Co, Inc, New Orleans, Lx ' Fite General Chairmen (Pacific Area)--RANDOLPH SEVIER, Pres, Matson Naviga tion Co, San Francisco, Calif.; A. E.. KIHN, Mgr, Marine Dept, Standard Oil Ca of California, San Francisco, Calif. Vice General Chairmen (Great Lakes Area)--DAVID L, BUCHANAN, Ind. ReL Mgr, Pittsburgh S. S. Div., U. S. Sted Corp, Geveland, Ohio; FRED R. WHITE, JR, Vice-Pres., The Columbia Transportation Co, Qevdand, Ohio. Vice General Chairman (Passenger & Cargo Services)--CAPTAIN JONES F. DEVLIN, JR, Gen. -Mgr, United States Lines, Pier 6 North River, New York, N. Y. Vice General Chairmen (Tankers)--J. V. C. MALCOLMSON, Gen. Mgr, Marine Dept, The. Texas Company,_New York, N. Y.; KARL R, KURZ, Vice-Pres, Keystone Slip ping Co, Philadelphia, Px , Vice General Chairman (Coastal Regions and International* Safety Conventions)--VADM. ALFRED C RICHMOND, USCG, Corodt, U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C* Chairman, Nominating Committee--WILLARD F. JONES, Vice-Pres,. Gulf Oil Corp, New York, N.Y. Secretary (Admiralty and Maritime Counselor)--HENRY C. EIDENBACH, Hagen & EIDENBACH, New York, N..Y. Advisory Committee (Past General Chairmen)--RADM. EDW. G -HOLDEN, JR, USNR (Chairman), President, United States P. & I. Agency, Inc, New York, N. Y.; JOHN G. PEW, TR, Vice-Pres, Sun Shipbuilding & Drydock Co, Chester, Px; RADM GEORGE WAUCHOPE, Exec. Vice-Pres, Farrell Lines, New York, N. .; LEIGH R. SANFORD,- Erf*, Shipbuilders Council of America, New York, N. Y.; LOUIS B. PATE, VictsPres, Seas`Shipping Co. (Robin line). New -York, N. Y.; COMMO. ROBERT % LEE, Vice-Chrm, Moore-McCormack Lines, New'York, N. Y.; WILLARD F/JONES, Vice-Pres, Gulf Oil Corp, New York, N. Y.; CAR TER KENDALL, Chief Safety Eng, Bethlehem Steel Co, Bethlehem, Px; CARL E. HOLMES, Mgr, Qalms Dept, Marsh & McLennan, .Inc, New York, N. Y.; CAPT. '56 F W. FISKE, JR, Mgr, Operating Div.f Marine Tramp. Dept, Socony-Vacuum Oil Co, New York, N. Y.; CAPT. FRANK H. COGAN, Supt, Marine Dept, The Dela ware, Lackawanna 4 Western R.R. Co, Hoboken, N, ARTHUR M. TODE, Con ning Eng, New York, N. Y. 1 Assistant General Chairman {Programs, Conventions & Meetings)--H. M. WICK, Asst. Vice-Fret, American Bureau of Shipping, New York, N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Membership)--Capt H. R. Ichle, Director of Safety, Farrell , Lines. New York, N. Y. ' ' Assistant General Chairman (Cargo Vessels)--L, H. QUACKENBUSH, Mgr, Marine Dept, States Marine Corp. of Dei, New York^ N. Y. Assistant General Chairmen (Petroleum and Tank Vessels)--FRANK W. MILLER, Asst Mgr, Operations Div, Esso Shipping Co, New York, N. Y.; CAPT. JOHN K. GALLEHER, Operating Mgr, National Bulk Carriers, New York, N. Y. Assistant. General Chairman (Stevedoring)--G. H. E. BUXTON, Dir, Safety Bureau, New York Shipping Assn, New York, N. Y. Director, Public Relations--FRANK BRAYNARD, Dir, Bureau of Information, Ameri can Merchant Marine Inst, New York, N. Y. Director, Maritime -Associations--Safety Cooperation .and Attendance--R. J. BAKER, Sccy-Treas, American Merchant Marine Inst, New York, N. Y. Director, Safety Information and Pasters--CAPT. R: E. MACKEY, Asst`Mgr, Opera tions Div, Marine Dept, The Texas Co, New York, N. Y. Marine News Letter--S. B. PARSELL, Marine Dept, Socony-Vacuum Oil Co, .,ew Yask, N. Y. ' .... Regional AjetMtie* and Committee* . Assistant to\ Vice General Chairman (Coastal Regions and International Safety Conven tions)---ODR. E. A. COFFIN, JR, USCG, Exec. Sccy, Merchant Marine Council, . U. S. Coaurt Guard, Washington, D. Q. Assistant Jfhammm, Atlantic Region--Tanker Operations--CAPT. WILLIAM G. AN DERSON, Mgr. of Operations, Marine Div, The Atlantic Refining Go, Philadelphia, Pa. . . - Assistant Chairmen, Gulf Region--Ships and Stevedoring--CAPT. RALPH L. MOCK, Supvr, Acddent Prevention, Lykes Bros. S. S. Co, New'Orleans,-La.; EARLE SMITH, Safety Dir, Waterman S. S. Co, Mobile, At*.; O. P. VILLARRUBIA, Qaims Agent and Safety Mgr, T. Smith & Son, New Orleans, La. ; Assistant Chairmen, Pacific Region--Ships and Stevedoring--:JOSEPH* H. TRAVERS, Mgr, Aec Prev. Bureau, Pacific Maritime Assn, San Francisco, Calif; HARRY E. AVERY, Safety Eng, Matson Navigation Go, San Francisco, Calif. Assistant Chairman/ Southern California Region--Ports and Terminals--RADM. FRANK D. HIGBEE, USCG (Ret), Warden of the Port of Los Angdes, San Pedro,-Calif. Assistant Chairmen, Great Lakes Region--Bulk Carriers--WM. ECKERT, Mgr, Safety Dept, Interiake S. S. Co, Cleveland, Ohio; L, C MATIA, Secy, The Wilson Transit Co,-Cleveland, Ohio. i .distant Chairman, Great Lakes Region--Towing--J. B. GARBUTT, Mgr, Claims and Insurance, Great Lakes Towing Co, Cleveland, Ohio. ' . Director, inland WaMnoays, Operating and Shipbuilding--G C THOMPSON, Pres, The American WI aterways* Operators, Inc, Washington, D. C 57 ! Special Service Committee* Chairman, Committee for the Advancement of Safety in ihe American Merchant Marine-- WALTER E. MALONEY, Pres., American, Merchant Marine Institute; Inc, N$v York, N. Y. Chairman, Ship Owners Associations Committee--GEORGE W. MORGAN, Pres., Assn, of American Ship Owners, New York, N. Y. Chairman, Statistics and Contests Committee--CAPT. H. R. ROSENGREN, Dit^ of Safety and Cargo Damage Prevention, Moore-McCormack Lines, New York, N. Y. Assistant Chairmen, Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Committee--ROBERT G. LEWIS, Safety" Eng., Bethlehem Steel Co, Bethlehem, Pa.; EDWARD WHITE, Safety Eng, Sun S.B. & D.D. Co, Chester, `Pa.; HERMAN J. NORDSTROM, -Safety Eng, Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co, Newport News, Va.; R. B. CHAP PELL, JR., Industrial Relations Mgr, Electric Boat Div, General Dynamics Corp, Gorton, Conn.; !. C. YATES, Dir. of Safety, Alabama Drydock & Shipbuilding Co, Mobile, Ala. : Chairman, Engineering and Minimum Standards Committee--CAPT. R. A., SMYTH, USCG, Asst. Chief, Office of Merchant Marine Safety, US Coast Guard, Washington, D. C *, Chairman, Cargo Ship Discussion Group--CAPT. H. R. IEHLE, Director of Safety, Farrell Lines, New York, N.*Y. Chairman, Tanker Safety Discussion Group--CAPT, R. H. SMITH, Director of Safety,. United States P.. & I. Agency, Inc, New York, N. Y. Chairman, Awards Committee--CARL E. HOLMES, Mgr, Claims Dept, Marsh & Mc Lennan, Inc, New York,.N. Y. Assistant Chairmen, Awards Committee;--CAPT. WM. R. FREEMAN, Marine Supt, Isthmian S. S. Co, New York, N. Y.; FRANK. W. MILLER, Asst Mgr, Operations Div, Elsso Shipping Co-, New York, N. Y. Special Government Committees for Safety in National Defense Chainttan, Safety Policies for Regulations end 'Ship Inspections--RADM. HALERT C SHEPHEARD, USCG; Chairman, Merchant Marine Council, and Chief, Office of Merchant Marine Safety, US Coast Guard, Washington, D. C ' Chairmen, Committee for Safety in National Defense Transportation--VADM. FRANCIS . C DENEBRINK, U.S.N, Commander, Military Sea Transportation Service, Washing ton, D. C; CHARLES* H. McGUIRE, Director, National Shipping Authority, Dept' of Commerce, Washington, D. C \ Chairman, Atlantic Area, National Defense Transportation--RADM.,REDFIT^LD MASON, U.S.N, Commander, Military Sea Transportation Service, Atlantic/Area, "Brooklyn, N. Y. Chairman, Safety Committee for U. S. Coast Guard--Safety Within the Service--CAPT. LAWRENCE M. HARDING, USCG, Safety Director & Asst Engr.-in-Chief, U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Safety Committee for Longshoremen and Harbor Workers--EDWARD P. HERGES, Safety Supvr, Federal and Maritime Safety Section, Bureau of Labor Stand ards, U. S. Dept of Labor, Washington, D. C Chairman, U. S. Navy Yards Safety Committee--CAPT. H. W. RISTEEN, USN, Dir. of Safety, Office of Industrial Relations, Navy Dept, Washington, ,D. C . Staff Representative--L. W. DUTTON, National Safety Council, Chicago, 111. -" l