Document GmQ1bmaJ59g9zK10y6ZB2nGEN

V?D: rearing Drift for Asoestes `9o2 THE NORWEGIAN PETROLEUM DIRECTORATE GUIDELINES FOR ASBESTOS AND PRODUCTS CONTAINING ASBESTOS OUf 0933902 DU 036453 M?D: Hearing far Asbestos i9S2 CONTSJTS ABOUT ASBESTOS AND PRODUCTS CONTAINING ASBESTOS ABOUT EXPOSURE TO ASBESTOS AND DANCES OF INJURIES TO HEALTH OR OCCUPATIONAL ILLNESSES BAN ON THE USE OF ASBESTOS EXCEPTIONS TO THE BAN ON THE USE OF ASBESTOS SAFE HANDLING OF ASBESTOS AND PRODUCTS CONTAINING ASBESTOS PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE N35W TECHNICAL AND HYGIENIC CONTROL OF THE WORK AREA PREVENTIVE MEDICAL MEASURES AND EXAMINATIONS REFERENCES TO CURRENT UMS, REGULATIONS, ETC. l DUP 0933903 DU 036454 WPS: Hearing Draft far Asbestos '$82 FOREWORD th Work Environment Act has stipulated that toxic and other rateriais that are injurious to health shall not be used If they can "be substituted with materials that are less dangerous to the employees. Moreover, it gives the Norwegian Petroietsa Directorate authority to prohibit health-hazardous mterials/produets from being used or stored on the installations, as well as the authority .to stipulate further provisions regarding the use or production of a given nmterial. On the basis of ocoupattonal experience with regard to exposure to --- fibrous asbestos aaterials, the Norwegian Petroieia Directorate has ' placed a general ban on the use of asbestos or aaterials containing ~ asbestos.r~a~ ! l According to the Work Envircment Act 5 22, any physician treating an employee suffering from an occupetlonal Illness of the same standing as occupational injury according to the National Insurance Act S li.u, or another illness which the physician attributes to the employee's situation at work, shall report this in writing to the Norwegian Petrolevsa Directorate.. *" This publication explains the Norwegian Fetroleta Directorate's requirements for a responsible handling of asbestos and aaterials containing asbestos -In those cases tdicre the Directorate has granted exemption from the ban on the use of asbestos. The tens of a possible exemption are further described under the main lteat EXCEPTIONS FRCH THE BAN ON THE USE CF ASBESTOS. Stipulated In the Resolution of 27 March 1980 COD/531'0/oro),1 by authority of 5 11 In the Work Environment Act. DU? 0933904 DU 036455 M*D: Hairing Prifl for Asbestos '982 ABOUT ASBESTOS AND PRODUCTS CONTAINING ASBESTOS What la asbestos? Asbestos' Is a cannon tern for a number of silica minerals with a needle-like or fibrous structure. Asbestos Is divided Into the aiin groups Serpentina and Amphtbole, named after the rock In which asbestos is found. Serpentine asbestos (white, grey, green or yellowish) consists of magnesium silicates, while anohlbola asbestos constitutes five win types consisting of different mixtures of iron, sodium, magnesium and calcion silicates. The nest important asbestos types within the ampnibole group are crocidolite (blue as: 3tos) and amoslta. Asbestos* technical charactsrlstlcs Asbestos has a number of valuable characteristics, such as great mechanical strength, chemical constancy, durability against high temperatures and good heat insulation characteristics, it combines readily with a ranter of inorganic and organic agents and its fibres are easily separated and spun. Uses of asbestos Asbestos is included in products and processes In free as well as composite fora. Asbestos is used particularly in the fora of panels, cloth or thread for insulating against high-teegjentures. In other areas asbestos is used pertly for Its thermic, chemical or fibrous characteristics. CR offshore installations asbestos has had a certain widespread use as: . insulating materials in roofs and wall panels. - heat shields, for example in welding, flaae cutting etc. - flexible links between air ducts - gaskets - electrical insulating materials - additive in drilling mud - asbestos mats with hasting wires for hasting welding areas. DU? 0933905 DU 036456 S~j: Tearing Trait for -.si-=sccs '-9-2 ABOUT EXPOSURE TO AS3ESTOS AND DANGER OF INJURY TO HEALTH OR OCCUPATIONAL ILLNESS Changes In the cheat membrane A thickening or calcification of the chest membrane (so-called "pleuraiplaeues") nay occur due to long-lasting exposure to asbestos. The changes can only be detected with the aid an of X-ray examination, but they may also occur without showing up on X-rays. The charges in the chest membrane will usually not entail any discomfort and may be the only sign of previous asbestos exposure. Asbestosis Asbestosis ' is a pneuaoconiosis due to inhalation of asbestos 1 particles. The illness develops gradually after many, years of exposure to the particles (10-20 years) and Is caused by the increased formation of tissue In the lungs. The main symptom Is a increasing difficulty in breathing. The functioning of the lungs will eventually decline. Serious oases may result in disability and death. The changes in the lung membrane ray be detected by X-ray examination? but asbestosis say be prevalent even if such changes in the lung 'membrane are not detected by X-ray examination' The diagnosis of asbestosis in tha lungs and chest membrane oust in seme cases be based on information on occupational exposure to asbestos particles, evaluation of the effects of asbestos particles, clinical examination, examination of how well the lungs are functioning and X-ray examination. .os workers are more exposed to lung This applies particularly to. stickers' Mesothelioma This is a rare fora of cancer of the- chest rambrane and/or peritoneum. Is has baas shown that this type of cancer say develop from long-term exposure to asbestos, but it ray also develop after a short (a few weeks), intense exposure. There say be a long interval (15-40 years) between asbestos exposure and tha first symptoms of mesothelioma. Other forms of oanear Asbestos is in the public aye as a possible causal factor in a number of other fonts of cancer, particularly In air passages and storach/Intestinal tracts. DU? 0933906 DU 036457 ;~3: "earing Graft far Asc^-strt '.-ia BAN CN THE USE OF ASBESTOS Generally prohibited It is prohibited to use asbestos or materials containing asbestos as an additive during the different operations and processes during drilling, completion work or production of oil and gas. It Is further prohibited to use asbestos or smterials containing asbestos in the following insulation work: - electrical insulation - - thermal insulation --"" k - noise insulation - damp insulation - constructidn panels for indoor/outdoor insulation.- Special prohibition against the use of blue asbestos (crocldollta) It is not permitted to use blue asbestos in pure form or as. an additive to products where the production process or use qi the product may cause, release asbestos particles into the air. Personnel who are not to be exposed to asbestos particles Persons with chronic illnesses in the lungs, air passages or heart, shall not be exposed to asbestos particles.- Note: Special attention should be paid to the fact that smokers exposed to asbestos particles run a high risk of developing lung cancer. OUP 0933907 DU 036458 uf-1 -4 J.Tu: Hearing Zrz!". rcr Asccsios '?52 EXCEPTIONS TO THE BAN CN THE USE OF ASBESTOS Asbestos shall always be replaced by products that ire not a health hazard when possible. If substitute materials for asbestos cannot be obtained or used, and the work operation is vital to operations, the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate nay grant exemptions from the ban on the use of asbestos. The criteria for a possible exemption will be that the operator has prepared a written procedure for ensuring that the work will be executed according to the guidelines drawn up by the Directorate in this guide, as well as in accordance with the general occupational hygiene norms. This procedure, together with comments from the Working Environment Ccssiittee/Safety Delegate, shall be submitted to the ' Norwegian Petroleia Directorate together with the application for exemption. The procedure shall ensure that the instructions drawn up by the Directorate for the safe handling of asbestos and products containing asbestos* are incorporated in the operator's instructions and plans for the execution of the work. ._ * See page BUf 0933908 DU 036459 r;fe'f UMtfaaiaL infill iiifii ijfeftl... I.i: : ..Bilimr . r ii? ISt'l -fc .'.TO: Hearing Drift for A5esics ',962 SAFE HANDLING OF AS3ESTCS AND PRODUCTS CONTAINING AS3ESTCS Product requirements Products, containing asbestos where asbestos constitutes a minor ingredient bound to organic or inorganic substances, e.g. asbestos gaskets, brake linings etc., shall as far as possible be prefabricated and ready processed, eliminating as far as possible the need for subsequent cutting, drilling or other processing which causes the release of asbestos particles. Where technically possible, materials used for insulation or gaskets/packings in pipe fittings shall not contain asbestos. On existing installations, all materials containing asbestos ar.d in < need of repair or replacement shall, as far as technically possible, be replaced with asbestos-free materials. Precautions for work with asbestos and products containing asbestos The work supervisor is wder obligation to obtain the necessary general understanding of the nature of the work and the materials that personnel will coot into contact with, so that the work can be planned properly before it coosenoes. As far as technically possible,^ the work processes shall take place in closed systems, f n. ,cii:.rCOO* r V As far as technically possible, asbestos shall impregnated/oolstaned before and during processing work. be Oust containing asbestos shall be removed at or near the spot where It develops, with the aid of a spot vacuus system. Air from the vacuum system shall be expelled into the atmosphere after -the necessary cleansing. The work area shall be cleaned dally aftar working hours. Cleaning Is to be carried out with a filtered vacua cleaner.* On optying the vacuus cleaner, necessary personal protective equipment shall be used. If vacuiai cleaning cannot be carried out, cleaning stall be done by wet mopping, hosing or washing. .A fine dust mask shall be worn during this work. Dry sopping is not allowed. The vacuum cleaner mall retain at least 99.99% of the ntsaber of fibres that can be seen through a 400-500 power optical microscope. The possible use of other techniques may be arranged with the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate. BOP 0933909 DU 036460 tfeiLi .iillitBai. -t S?D: Hearing Craft fcr istestts 932 PCSONAL PROTECTIVE KUIPMEf? The employer shall equip the employees wish correct personal protective equipment. He shall give the employees training in the use of the.equipment and see to it that it is used to the necessary extent. Hot*: It is assumed that personal protective equipment provides extra security where other protective .leisures are inadequate, #.g. with brief, dusty work operations. The protective equipment in question may be special dustresistant protective clothing, suitable head and respiratory protection (auk) with filter or supply of fresh air. Face mask Generally, partial masks in conjunction with a filter for dust protection are used. However, the partial mask's peripheral leakage* is so great (1 S)Tthat a whole mask oust be used in dusty work operations. - Suspended particle filter masks shall be equipped with valves for inhalation and exhalation. * Leakage as a result of a poor fit against the face and nose. For longer stays in places with much dust, it cay be necessary to use equipment consisting of a hood with a`fresh air supply# either from approved facilities that producs breathing air, or from an air bottle with a reduction valve, so that a slight excess pressure is formed in the hoed which prevents dust from entering. The filter unit As a main nils it may be said that the finer the rtbre, the better the filter. However, with finer filters the breathing resistance also increases and dust filters of a oertain quality therefore always have a special folded filter which provides the surface area necessary to prevent breathing resistance from becoming too great. A high effective filter may be used where the concentration of dust is 10,000 tines higher than the occupational hygiene norm, ffcwever, it should be kept in mind that a greet filtering effect is of little use If there is a simultaneous peripheral leakage. For dusty work operations, a filter of CLASS 2C DUP 0933910 DU 036461 l.-afi for Asris-cs ;2 shall be used. Pure dust filters are mrked with the letters St which indicate that they.protect against airborne particles. Mote on the use of dust filters A dust filter will clog during use. This entails better filtering at the same Use as it increases the breathing resistance. In the end. this means too great a burden for the user and the filter oust be replaced. Normally it cannot be cleaned, but must be discarded. The dust filter may possibly be ccmplimentad by a prefiltar. A prefilter is an easily replaceable filter of porous material. Its function is to filter out larger pollution particles and it protects the dust filter against too rapid dogging, preventing an unnecessary increase is breathing resistance. - The filters may be stared indefinitely. Che should always check that the filter fits the mask correctly and that it is undamaged. NOTE! EAST FILTERS MAI NOT BE USED WHEN THE AIR, IN ADDITION TO DUST, CONTAINS 0) TOXIC CAS OR VAPOURS OR (2) LACK OF OXIGEN. IN SUCH CASES THERE SKALD BE USED O) A PROPER COMBINED AIR PARTICLE/GAS FILTER (2) APPROVED BREATHING PROTECTION WITH A SUPPLI CF' BREATHING AIR. DU* 0933911 DU 036462 1.7 0: Uor' for is^sics 'fi2 OCCUPATIONAL HTGISNE NORM_____ No totally safe San be established Holt as bo how such asbestos breathing ' air nay contain without presenting a health hazard. ?or a carcinogen, the occupational hygiene nora for pollution of the working atmoshpere should be set at zero. In order to prevent asbestosis, many countries including Norway have made use of an administrative norm of 2 fibres per milliliter of air for an average over 8 hours*. Such an exposure, however, could cause the first signs of asbestosis in a few (1-3 *) of the persons exposed without protection daily during their tntlre active working life. When using asbestos, therefore, one should strive to keep the concentration of asbestos in the breathing air as low as possible below 1 fibre per milliliter air (1000 fibres per liter) over an average of 12 hours. * This applies to asbestos fibres longer than 0.005 am and thinner than 0.0035 am counted on a membrane filter in a Uoo-500 .power phase contrast microscope. OUT 0933912 DU 036463 MlSSmi^mail;i i; Hi nivt r i;>l,-jaa^.ja^i^aijiaaaiiiijii3iiai5aifc^.j^aa^ -* .'.7D: .Sear:.-.* Zra~- Cor Ascetics '932 TECHNICAL AND HTCIENIC CONTROL OF THE WORK AREA Reculrement to inspect the work area The concession holder (operator) shall to the necessary extent ensure the inspection of work areas where asbestos is handled. During inspection it should be verified that facilities and equipment nest the requirements stipulated in this guide, that the work is carried out in the tanner indicated and that the protective equipment is accessible and used in accordance with the guide. New work operations and methods taken into use shall be given particular attention. Note: The safety delegate for affected employees should consider changes in equipment, materials and working conditions and bring up the question of pollution measurements (see below) with the employer as soon as there is a danger of a worsening of the dust conditions.* * If such requests are not followed up, the safety delegate my'take the case up with the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate or Working Environment Caasittee (Cf. Working Environment Act $ 26 No: 3~. Reculraments for dust readings Gust counts shall be made at the work area where asbestos is handled.* 1 The asbestos dust shall with the aid of sultablt panning equipment, be collected or. a membrane filter with pore size 0.1 micrometers. Subsequent particle counts shall take place In a 400-500 power phase contrast microscope. (Cf. Norwegian Standard P 4653 Work Area Air. Criteria for Asbestos Fibre Readings). The possible use of other techniques may be arranged with the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate -vhioh also gives advice and guidance on the execution of dust oounts. The result of the dust counts with indication of analysis laboratory shall be registered with the concession holder (operator) and submittad to tha Norwegian Patrols* Directorate. It is net required that dust counts be taken in work areas where asbestos or atariala containing asbestos are used only on exceptional occasions, and where secure safety assures are taken-in advance, e.g. the fitting of asbestos gaskets etc. Concession holders* control In accordance with tha Norwegian Petroleum Directorate's "Guidelines for Concession Holders' Internal Control"**, the concession holder shall ensure that all activities take place in a semd tanner. This entails that tha concession holder shall aonltor ispectlora and dust ** ISBN 82-T257-065-3 OUt 0933913 DU 036464 '.?0: nearing Draft for Asbestos '9o2 The following information shall be accessible, and It shauld o possible to present the following upon demand to the Norwegian Petroleus Directorate: - tine of Inspection or sampling - who participated In the Inspection or sampling - which parts of the activity were inspected, possibly including sample locations - analytical results - analytical laboratory - any connects. DU* 0933U* DU 036465 ;r '?S 2 preventive medical measures and examinations Heoulrementa for aedlcal exaniration Any mnployee who be exposed to asbestos particles shall be subject to a ttedicalexanination. Any employee who works with asbestos or products containing asbestos shall be subject bo an annual medical examination. The employer is responsible for ensuring that the medical examination is carried out. Ala of the medical examination The ala of the medical examination is: - to prevent persons with a reduced tolerance to asbestos particles from being put to work in an area that Involves the risk of exposure to asbestos particles - diagnose Injuries to health due to exposure to asbestos at: the earliest possible time - provide a basis for current registration and monitorinig of persons with definite or possible asbestos illness, constitute a part or a group evaluation of workers axposed to asbestos, and establish a' basis for further preventive work. The medical examination prior to employment provides a yardstick for cosparisons with the .subsequent annual axaainations. Cn the scope of the medical examination The medical examination should cover: - medical case history, including'possible illnesses since the'last examination - registration of symptoms in the chest membrane, lungs and air passages . - charting of smoking habits - examination of the lungs (including X-rays} - examination of lung function (minlsus requirement: oeamjraBent of vital capaolty) - supplementary examinations as required. DUF 0933915 Keeelne journal or register The employer should keep a register or Journal of those employee* who, in accordance with the above, shall have regular examinations. DU 036466