Document GmGOD97YjKMeB5mjK3dNMqrgv

> ff ft * 'w,r 6 ,l> ,'^V `MJp, k" /;., :: ^J^PB^pS^SPIk^W^PIWf5t^^W^F^ip.M.kfl|i i *1 MU-.J l *> T,^ V^,./ ` *., \- v > ' -t)v / ,*\, '**;x ` ' , Monsanto trade literature '- ... ' PFRMANENT_QyL '' "A '"* msjmmmmgidS?3 3,,, ~'-^1J-.,_ 'a''/. ;, ^V;'.'.:v AROCLOR ...,...,..,,f? * m and plasticizers for chlorinated rubber v ;. , ** < 1 1' *'C lppBiffwy)iiiiw^ayiwwwiigwwMMqiiitH|y*iwy^^ TECHNICAL BULLETIN No. PL-311 ............... \ * ',<*' t * TOWOLDMONOQ40138 AROCLOR RESINS AND PLASTICIZERS FOR CHLORINATED RUBBER Some important applications for protective and decorative chlorinated-rubber-based coatings plas ticized with Akon.oii* compounds Wood and metal on yachts, barges, and other marine craft Structural steel for bridges, buildings, roofs, and powerlines Structural materials at chemical plants, pulp-and-paper mills, textile mills, petroleum re-' fineries, and gas works for protection against acid fumes, alkalies, and gas Tank cars and other railroad equipment and construction machinery for protection against corrosive materials and weathering Equipment and stop-off lacquers used in electroplating Masonry floors and walls, concrete swimming pools, and highway markings Cable coatings requiring flame retardance, chemical resistance, and excellent electrical prop erties . Textile coatings resistant to chemicals, flame, and water ..Kood-proccssing buildings Flame-retardant finishes Important properties imparted to chlorinated-rubber coatings by Aroclor plasticizers and resin extenders Chemical Resistance Corrosion Resistance Adhesivity Dame Retardance Flexibility Electrical Resistance Weather Resistance * Aroclor: Monsanto Chemical Company trademark, registered in the U. S. Patent Office. 0627669 TOWOLDMONOQ40139 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 1 NUMBERING AROCLOR COMPOUNDS ................................................................ 1 PROPERTIES OF CHLORINATED RUBBER Genera) ..................................... !.......................................................................... 2 Physical................................................................... 2 Chemical Resistance .......................................................................................... 2 Electrical ............................................................................................................... 3 Mechanical ...............................................................................................,.M....... 3 Thermal ................................................... 3 ' Physical-Chemical ........................................................... ;................................. 3 VISCOSITY TYPES.......................................................................................................... 4 SOLVENT COMPATIBILITY ....................................................................................... 4 FORMULATION AND PROPERTIES OF CHLORINATED RUBBER............ 5 Formulations for Aroclor Resins and Plasticizers......................................... 5 Properties of Formulated Films......... ............................................................. 6 APPLICATIONS .......................... 7 Alkali-Resistant Coatings ................................................................. r.............. 7 Chemical-Resistant Finishes............................................................................. 8 Continuous Metal-Painting Process................................................................ 9 Marine Finishes .................................................................................................. 9 Emulsion Paints.............................................................. 10 Mastics .......................... 10 Paper and Textile Coatings............................................................................... 10 Adhesives ............................................................................................................ 11 Electrical Coatings......................................................:...................................... 11 Printing Inks ...................................................................................................... 11 OTHER MONSANTO PLASTICIZERS FOR CHLORINATED RUBBER....... 11 TOXICITY AND SAFE HANDLING ........................................................................ 12 SHIPPING ........................................................................................................................... 13 i -f I i 0627670 TOWOLDMONOQ40140 INTRODUCTION Monsanto's Aroclor chlorinated biphenyls and chlorinated triphenyls are used as plasticizers and resins for chlorinated-rubber-based lacquers, varnishes, and paints. These protective coat ings are flame retardant, corrosion resistant, chemical resistant (to acids, alkalies, and watef), and have good electrical insulating properties. When properly pigmented, these coatings have unusually good weatherability. Chlorinated-rubber films plasticized with an Aroclor compound grip common structural materials in strong adhesive bonds, and the addition of an Aroclor compound improves the flexibility and life of chlorinatedrubber coatings. The formulations suggested in this bulletin are common in commercial practice. They are given as starting points or guides for development of new formulations that capitalize on the outstand ing qualities of these compounds. NUMBERING AROCiOR COMPOUNDS The first two digits of the number of an Aroclor compound represent its molecular type, as: 12--chlorinated biphenyls : 25--blend of chlorinated biphenyls, 75 per cent, and chlorinated terphenyls, 25 per cent 44--blend of chlorinated biphenyls, 60 percent, and chlorinated terphenyls, 40 per cent 54--chlorinated terphenyls The last two digits indicate the weight percentage of chlorine in the product. For example: Aroclor 1248 is a chlorinated biphenyl that contains 48-weight-per cent chlorine Aroclor 4465 is a 60 biphenyl : 40 terphenyl mixture chlorinated to 65-per cent chlorine Aroclor 5460 is a chlorinated terphenyl with 60-weight-per cent chlorine The physical properties of the Aroclor plasticizers vary gradually with the degree of chlorina tion, Compounds with low percentages of chlorine, such as Aroclor 1221 and 1232, are clear and very fluid. Aroclor 1242, with 42-per cent chlorine, resembles vegetable oil; the product with 48per cent chlorine is slightly more viscous and looks like a medium-grade mineral oil. At 54-per cent chlorine, the compound is quite viscous; if a bottle containing it is turned upside down, the bubble rises slowly to the top. At higher chlorine percentages, the chlorinated biphenyls become gumlike, and a fingerprint on the surface lasts several days. Then at 68-per cent chlorine, the range is complete; Aroclor 1268 is a white powder. Both chlorinated terphenyls (Aroclor 5442 and 5460) are yellow solids. The gradual change in physical properties often allows a processor to select a plasticizer particu larly suited for his operation. For example, if he wants to dry mix the plasticizer, Aroclor 1268 could be used. It melts at higher processing temperature and can act as a solvent-plasticizer. Complete physical properties and specifications for the Aroclor compounds are listed in tech nical bulletin PL-306, "Aroclor Plasticizers." I 0627671 - TOWOLDMONOQ40141 | PROPERTIES OF CHLORINATED RUBBER Chlorinated-rubber-based coatings are widely used because of their resistance to corrosive agents, moisture, fungus, mold, and other destructive agents. Parian* chlorinated rubber is a mixture of two polymers, with an average chlorine content of 67 per cent, made by chlorination of natural rubber. Its typical properties, according to the manu facturer, Hercules Powder Company, Wilmington, Delaware, are listed in Table I: TABLE I--TYPICAL PROPERTIES OF CHLORINATED RUBBER General Form as shipped....................... Color of film.............................. . _ Odor............................................ Clarity of film ......................... Taste ....................... ............ ...... Moisture, per cent, as shipped ..White, granular powder ..Water white ..None ..Good ..None ..0.5 Maximum -. Physical Specific gravity ..... .................................. 1.64 Specific volume, as shipped, cubic inches per pound ................... !............ 16.9 Bulking value, gallons per pound................... 0.0735 Refractive Index, at 25C................................1.554 ChemicaPResistance to: Acids, weak......................................................... excellent Acids, strong............................................... excellent Alkalies, weak..................................................... excellent Alkalies, strong....................... !...........................excellent " ` Salt spray. .................................................... good Alcohols............................................................... excellent Ketones ................................................................soluble . Esters ........ s.y..,................................................. soluble Hydrocarbons, aromatic ...................................soluble Hydrocarbons, aliphatic..................................... good Oils, mineral........................................................ good I Oils, animal....................................................... ...poor Oils, vegetable........................ poor "'Parlcm is a registered trademark of Hercules Powder Co. 2 & ) t 0627672 | TOWOLDMONOQ40142 Electrical (clear, unplasticized film*) ' Specific surface resistance, ohms x 1010 ...... 2000 Dielectric strength, volts per mil (ASTM method) ........................................... 2300 Dielectric constant at 25C and 1000 cycles....3.1 Power factor at 2SC and 1000 cycles..........0.0015 to 0.0030 Power factor at 25C and 1000 cycles, after immersion in water for 140 hours tad ..surface wiped dry .................................0.0027 Mechanical (clear, unplasticized film*) 20-cp. type Tensile strength, dry, pounds per square inch.......................... ..... 4270 Tensile strength, wet, pounds per square inch.......................... ..... 4100 Elongation, dry, per cent .......................... ..... 3.6 Elongation, wet, per cent .......................... ..... 3.8 Modulus of elasticity, pounds per square inch.......................... ..... 1.4 x 106 Hardness, Sward index, per cent of glass .. ..... 90 1000-cp. type 4850 4360 3.3 3.4 Note: Flexibility of Parlon film increases with viscosity of Parlon used. Thermal (clear, unplasticized film*) Burning rate........................................................nonflammable Effect of dry heat on film.................................stable at 125C Softening point, C........................................... decomposes at 135 to 150 Physical-Chemical (clear, unplasticized film*) Effect of sunlight ............................................. Discolors and embrittles Effect of aging........ ...........................................Very slight;; Effect of hot water ........................................... Blushes Effect of cold water...... .................................... None Moisture absorption (80% relative . humidity for 24 hours), per cent................0.27 Moisture-vapor permeability of 0.003-inch film (grams water/square centimeter/0.01 centimeter/hour at 21C) .......................... 0.2 x 101 - laid down from toluene solution 3 062 76 73 TOWOLDMONOQ40143 VISCOSITY TYPES TABLE II--"PARLON" VISCOSITY TYPES VUcosity Type Viscosity Range (centipoises) . 5 cp........................................................ 5 to 7 10 cp........................................................ 8 to 12 20 cp........................................................ 16 to 25 125 cp.......................................................110'to 190 1000 cp....... .......... ..................................... 800 to 2000 Examples of actual or suggested applications of the several viscosity types are as follows: Type 5 cp. 10 cp. 20 cp. 125 cp. 1000 cp. Example of Use In printing inks and as a fortifier for alkyd resin enamels In high-solids finishes and as a fortifier for alkyd resin and oleoresinous varnishes and enamels As a film-former in protective coatings and as a fortifier in enamels and varnishes As a film-former in protective coatings, in paper lacquers, adhesives, and textile finishes As a film-former in adhesives, textile finishes, and other finishes where flexibility is important 401VEHT COMPATIBILITY Solvents and solvent mixtures suggested for use in preparing formulations with Aroclor and Parlon are given in Table III: TABLE III--SUGGESTED SOLVENTS FOR COMPOSITIONS WITH AROCLOR AND PARLON Amsco Solva B and E Methyl isobutyl ketone ' Amyl acetate Methyl salicylate ` Butyl acetate - Mobilsolc Nos. 74, 75 Carbon tetrachloride Cellosolveh Notold Octyl acetate Diacetone alcohol Solvesso* 100 Diethyl carbonate Tollacd Ethyl acetate ' Toluene Ethylene dichloride Trichloroethylene Hi-Flash naphtha Union! Aromatic Solvent 3553-10 Methyl acetate Union Solvent No. 30 Methyl ethyl ketone Xylene at Trademark of American Mineral Spirits Co. b) Trademark of Union Carbide Chemical Co. c) Trademark of Socony Mobil Oil Co, d) Trademark of Neville Chemical Co. e) Trademark of Esso Standard Oil Co. f) Trademark of Union Oil Co. 4 i # 0627674 TOWOLDMONOQ40144 foiMulATIONsIlNDlpAOPERTIES OF CHLORINATED RUBBER ^5........... ,, JWi -i* > Chlorinated-Rubber Films Although chlorinated rubber is unaffected by acids, alkalies, salts, moisture, and fungus, it is very hard and brittle. Consequently plasticizers and plasticizing resins must be added to make useful coatings. To make chemical- and corrosion-resistant coatings, the modifiers must likewise be nonreactive with acids, alkalies, and salts. As little as five per cent of a saponifiable material, such as linseed oil, alkyd resin, or ester plasticizer, seriously detracts from the alkali resistance of the finished coating. Monsanto Aroclor compounds, such as Aroclor 5460 and Aroclor 1254 or 1260, are the best available plasticizing resin and plasticizers, respectively, since they are unaffected by acids, alkalies, or salts. The following table summarizes some of the benefits imparted to chlorinated rubber coatings by the presence of Aroclor plasticizers: TABLE IV--BENEFITS OF AROCLOR PLASTICIZERS IN CHLORINATED RUBBER GOOD ADHESION TO RESISTANCE TO Aroclor 1254 1260 5460 Alum inum ---- X Steel Cello Transite phane 10% 5% Hydro Sodium Sodium chloric Hydrox Chlor Acid ide ide Water Sward Hard ness .ColdCheck Resist ance -- X X X X X X 35 3 -- X X X X X X 40 4 X X -- X X- X X 22 2 Arcolor 1262 and 5460, resinous types, show good compatibility in chlorinated-rubber films laid down from toluene solution containing 20-per cent of the plastic in ratios of 2:1 and 1:1 (Parlon to Aroclor). The plasticizer types, Aroclor 1252, 1254, and 1260, also show good compatibility. Formulations and properties of films derived from both resin- and plasticizer-type Aroclor are listed in Table V: TABLE V--FORMULATIONS CONTAINING AROCLOR RESINS OR PLASTICIZERS Ingredient Parlon, 20-cp ............................................ 16 Aroclor 5460 ........................................... 8 Aroclor 1254 or 1260 .............................-- Dibutyl phthalate......................................-- Tung oil, Thermolyzed, 976 .................... -- Xylene or butyl acetate......................... 76 16 8 -- 4 -- 72 Parts by Weight 16 12 12 12 20 20 8 12 12 12 ---- -- -- ---- 47 ---- 3-- ---- 5 ---- 3.75 -- -- 71 76 73 72.25 76 73 20 20 0627675 TOWOLDMONOQ40145 The Aroclor compounds impart characteristics to the films cast from these lacquers, including the following advantages: Adhesion Unplasticized chlorinated-rubber films have very poor adhesion. The lacquer film containing Aroclor 5460 adheres well to aluminum, bare steel, primed steel, galvanized iron, and Tr-^mite surfaces. The lacquer films plasticized with Aroclor 1254 or 1260 give good adhesion to Transite, cellophane, galvanized iron, and primed-steel surfaces. Though compounds with an Aroclor alone possess pronounced adhesion qualities, better ad hesion to all of the surfaces results if mixtures of Aroclor or varied contents are US'ed. -M:" Resistance to Aqueous Solutions Chlorinated-rubber films with Aroclor 1254 or 1260 (plasticizers) and Aroclor 5460 (resin) show satisfactory resistance to solutions ..pf 10-per cent hydrochloric acid, 5-per cent sodium hydroxide, 5-per cent sodium chloride, and water-spot tests. Film Hardness . Softer films are produced with Aroclor 5460 in ratios of 5:10 and 10:10 (AROCLOR-Par/<w) than with other commercial resins in similar mixtures. Likewise, softer films result from Aroclor 1254 or 1260 jn ratios of 2:10 and 5:10 (AROCLORiPar/oH) than with other commercial plasticizers at these concentrations. These tests show that Aroclor compounds have strong plasticizing action on chlorinated rubber. Cold-Check Resistance . Aroclor 5460 is superior to phenol-formaldehyde resins in cold-check resistance imparted to chlorinated-rubber films, but not as good as long-oil-alkyd modification. Aroclor 1260 is a somewhat better plasticizer than Aroclor 1254. Weather Resistance Pigmented chlorinated-rubber finishes containing Aroclor have consistently withstood outdoor weather tests, but unpigmented finishes do not weather well regardless of the resin or plasticizer used. Poor resistance to ultraviolet light is also a'-weakness of chlorinated rubber. Most pigments (except ultramarine blue) are usable with Parlon and are recommended if the coating is to be subjected to outdoor weather or ultraviolet light. However, pigment protection varies consider ably. Inspection of alkyd enamels fortified with Parlon showed weatherability varied from 63 months with chrome green to 4 months for titanium dioxide-iron blue combinations. Sanding and Polishing Properties Plastic films compounded with Parlon and Aroclor 5460, 1254, or 1260 have showed satisfac tory sanding and polishing characteristics. 6 t # 0627676 TOWOLDMONOQ40146 APPLICATIONS Alkali-Resistant Coatings Products containing Aroclor arid chlorinated rubber are highly resistant to alkalies and moisture. Paints with combinations ofAAROCLOR and chlorinated rubber are used in large quantities for concrete floors, walls, swimming pools, and other surfaces. Paint formulations are suggested in Table VI: Ingredients TABLE VI--PAINTS FOR ALKALINE SURFACES Basement Floors (parts) Fed-Spec. TT-P-91 (parts) Concrete Swimming Pool (parts) Marlon (20-cp.) chlorinated rubber Medium-oil, drying alkyd resin Long-oil, drying alkyd resin Aroclor 1254 Aroclor 5460 Titanium Dioxide Zinc Oxide Silica Flour Carbon Black Magnesium Silicate Bctilotic* 34 gelling agent Epichlorohydrin ;.r Xylene Hi-Flash naphtha Turpentine Solvesso 100 Solvesso 150 100 100 100 50 45 55 56 , 50 33 89 ' 89 112 11 11 17 1 3 115 12 12 13 1 239 ' ' 450 26 90 237 Trademark of National Lead Co. 7 0627677 TOWOLDMONOQ40147 Chemical-Resistant Finishes Particular care is necessary in choosing resins and plasticizers for chemical-resistant paints. Chlorinated-rubber formulations with an Aroclor plasticizer have proved outstanding for acid and alkali resistance. Five suggested formulations are shown in Table VII. TABLE VII--FORMULATIONS FOR CHEMICAL-RESISTANT PAINTS Ingredients Ex+enoJ* use, acids (parts) Exteriorb use, alkalies (parts) Interior use, acids and alkalies (parts) Maximum4 resistance, acids and alkalies (parts) Soap' resistant (parts) Parloiiy (20-cp.) chlorinated rubber Phenolic resin Alkyd resin Aroclor 1254 Aroclor 1260 Aroclor 5460 Tung oil, Thermolyzed, 976 Iron oxide Titanium dioxide Zinc oxide Epichlorohydrin Stabilizer Xylene Toluene Solvesso 100 Hi-Flash naphtha ' Turpentine 100 40 30 30 100 325 . 100 ' 40 30 30 100 325 100 100 50 45 33 40 100 100 0.5 " 5 330 250 28 100 50 64 150 50 245 100. 86 These formulations were applied to metal bars or panels and tested for resistance: a) Excellent outdoor protection to metal surfaces in acid-manufacturing plants . b) Good performance on exteriors of alkali-producing plants c) Good resistance to 10-per cent hydrochloric acid and 5-per cent sodium hydroxide solutions d) Excellent resistance to acids, alkalies, and salt solutions (Also adhered well to glass and othersurfaces) e) Good resistance to warm, soapy water Note: No finishes with Aroclor or chlorinated rubber are recommended for continuous exposure at temperatures above 140 F. f 9 0627678 TOWOLDMONOQ40148 Continuous Metal-Painting Process ._ A recently-developed continuous-painting process for finishing metal offers savings on capital in vestment plant space, and operating costs. The technique utilizes the physical properties of tri chloroethylene, the only solvent in the paint. Metal parts enter the unit covered with grease and leave the other end completely painted and dry to the touch. Detailed information about the process can be obtained from Du Pont, Wilmington, Delaware. The formulation in Table VIII has given good characteristics in this continuous-painting system: TABLE VIII--FORMULATION FOR CONTINUOUS-PAINTING PROCESS . Ingredients . . Parts by "Weight Pigment* Vehicle Dispersion Parlon (20-cp) chlorinated rubber 100 ..... Long-oil,, drying, alkyd resin " 15 23.7 Aroclor''12$4 ':$; 50 ..... Titanium Dioxide (Rutile) ..... 100 Bentone 38 gellingagent .... 1.25b Epoxy stabilizer 3.9 ..... Trichloroethylene ' 217 - - 53.5 a) Add pigment dispersion to vehicle after 24 hours in pebble mill . ' b) Add gelling agent to pigment dispersion during'last two hours of grind Marine Finishes , The marine industry makes great use of chlorinated-rubber coatings plasticized with Aroclor compounds to protect wood and metal on boats, barges, and other marine equipment. They re sist salt water, and their hard finish deters algae and other marine growth. A suggested formula for a white marine paint is given in Table IX: TABLE IX--FORMULATION FOR A WHITE MARINE PAINT Ingredients - ' Parts by Weight Parlon (20-cp) chlorinated rubber " 77 Long-oil, oxidizing, alkyd resin - 23 Aroclor 1254 23 Titanium dioxide 96.5 Xylene 87.5 Hi-Flash Naphtha 77 9 0627679 TOWOLDMONOQ40149 Emulsion Paints If chemical resistance is required on porous surfaces, Aroclor 1254 is often added to chlor inated-rubber-emulsion paints. Hercules Powder Company reports that preferred water phases for such paints are either a 1-per cent-distilled-water solution of Aerosol* OT or a 4-per-cent-distilled-water solution of sodium oleate. A lacquer-to-water weight ratio of 2.5 to 1 is suggested for .)l4CW the complete emulsion. Chlorinated rubber of any viscosity may be used. A typical lacquer phase for such an emulsion paint is given in Table X: TABLE X---FORMULATION FOR LACQUER PHASE OF EMULSION PAINT Ingredients Parts by Weight Parlon chlorinated rubber Akoclor 1254 Aroclor 5460 Xylene Hi Flash naphtha 28 14 1024 24 Mastics Mastic compositions are used to deposit thick films with a minimum number of coats. Mastics modified with Aroclor compounds can effectively seal cracks in concrete, smooth rough con crete surfaces for subsequent glossy coatings, give excellent corrosion resistance under severe conditions, and retard fire. A typical starting formulation is given in Table XI: TABLE XI--MASTIC COMPOSITION Ingredients Parlon (20-cp) chlorinated rubber Aroclor 1254 Aroclor 5460 Asbestos Titanium Dioxide (Rutile) Toluene Parts by Weight 100 30 49 160 '' - ;25 300 Although this mastic formulation adheres well to either wood or masonry, a primer is suggested before application to steel. To further increase fire retardance, replacement of 33 parts of the asbestos by 47 parts of antimony oxide is suggested as a starting formulation. Paper and Textile Coatings Chlorinated-rubber coatings with Aroclor plasticizers are worthy of consideration for specific end uses on paper and textiles, although they are generally restricted by odor. Unpigmented fin ishes are suitable for certain fabrics used indoors, but not for exposure to high temperatures or direct sunlight, Trademark of American Cyanamid Co. I I 0627680 TOWOLDMONOQ40150 Adhesives Chlorinated-rubber adhesives with an Aroclor plasticizer were developed originally for acidbottle labels because of their general resistance to chemicals. These adhesives are also of unusual interest because they arc flame resistant. A typical formulation is given in Table XII: .. . r-'.: * ' TABLE xll--FORMULATION FOR ACID- AND FLAME-RESISTANT ADHESIVE Ingredients Parlon (125-cp.) chlorinated rubber.. ^ Aroclor 125* ' Aroclor 1260 Toluene ,, 4 c `v* Electrical Coatings Parts by Weight *"'**'*' 20 6. ""'(T 68 Because of their desirable electrical properties, these compositions are useful for insulating and protecting electrical wire and apparatus from moisture. With selected fungistats artel waxes, coat ings of this type are used to protect electronic equipment in the tropics against moisture and fungi. The fire rctardance of Aroclor-FWou combinations is an added dividend in the electrical field. Printing Inks Printing inks requiring fast drying time and chemical resistance are efteiV based on chlorinatedrubber compositions plasticized with an Aroclor compound. These inks are especially useful on soap wrappers and boxes, bottle labels, and many other commodities because of their alkali resistance. OTHER WONSfcNJO TLASTICIZERS COMPATIBLE WITH CHLORINATED RUBBER The following Monsanto plasticizers (Table XIII) are also compatible with chlorinated rubber, but none gives the over-all desired qualities attained by using an Aroclor plasticizer: TABLE XIII--OTHER MONSANTO PLASTICIZERS COMPATIBLE WITH . CHLORINATED RUBBER Dibutyl phthalate Diethyl phthalate Dimethyl phthalate Satiticizcr* P-16 Santicizcr M-17 Santolitc* MHP Tricresyl phosphate Triphenyl phosphate . *Santiciscr and Santolitc are Monsanto Chemical Company trademarks, registered in the U.S, Patent Office. II 0627681 TOWOLDMONOQ40151 TOXICITY AH4L.SAFE HANDLING Inhalation At ordinary-temperatures the Aroclor chlorinated polyphenyls have not presented industrial toxicological problems. The hazard of potential toxic exposure varies with their volatility: the lower-chlorinated, more-volatile ones present more of h potential problem from the standpoint of both inhalation and skin contact. When Aroclor compounds are used at elevated tempera tures, engineering controls must be $^plied, either by the use of closed systems or by effective local-exhaust ventilation together with general workroom exhaust. Vapor of the liquid Aroclor compounds at room temperature should not be breathed in a con fined space, and no vapor of any Aroclor compound evolved at elevated temperatures should be allowed to be dispersed into the general workroom. Inhalation tests on animals indicate that the maximum safe concentration of vapor is in the range of from 0.5 to 1.0 milligram of the lower-chlorinated Aroclor compounds per cubic meter of air, 'the threshold limits (maximum allowable concentration . for an 8-hour working day) set by the American Conference of Government Hygienists are 1.0 milligram of the lowerchlorinated Aroclor compounds per cubic meter of air and 0.5 milligram of the more-highlychlorinated compounds, such as Aroclor 1254, per cubic meter of air. Skin Contact Schwartz patch tests on 200 volunteers showed that Aroclor 1254 was neither a primary skin irritant or a sensitizer. ., Continuous or Repeated skin contact with the Aroclor compounds must be avoided by the use of gloves and protective garments, because of the possible occuranqg of a condition called chloracne. Although reports of this condition caused by Aroclor compounds are rare, it can be produced by excessive skin contact. If any Aroclor compound is spilled on the skin, the skin should be washed in the usual manner with a soap solution. A burn caused by contact with a hot Aroclor compound should be treated like any ordinary burn, Aroclor compound adhering to the burned area need not be removed immediately, unless treatment of the burn demands it, in which case either soap and water or repeated washings with a vegetable oil are recommended. 12 f 0627662 TOWOLDMONOQ40152 SHIPPING Freight Classification Aroclor 1221, 1243, 1242, TM8, 1254, 1260, 1262 Rail Classification Aroclor 12<$, 2565, 4465, 5442, 5460 Truck Classification Aroclor 1268, 2565 Aroclor 4465, 5442, 5460 Shipping Regulations Standard Containers Aroclor 1221 Aroclor 1232 . Aroclor 1242, 1248, 1254, 1260, 1262 Aroclor 1268 , Aroclor 2565, 4465 Aroclor 5442 . Aroclor 5460 (flaked) WW:JRC--1M-1/5B; rev. WFW:L88-M-4/62 Synthetic Resin, Liquid, NOIBN Synthetic Resin, Other Than Liquid, NOIBN '' Synthetic Resin, Powder, KOI Synthetic Resin, Lumps or Solid Mass, NOI None Tank car, 520-lb. steel drum, 50-lb. can Tank car, 550-lb. steel drum, 50-lb. can Tank car, 600-lb. steel drum, 50-lb. can 200-lb. fiber drum, 50-lb. can 500-lb. steel drum, 50-lb. can 450-lb. steel drum, Sti-lb. can 100-lb. bag The information contained in this bulletin is, to our best knowledge, true end accurate, but all re commendations or suggestions are made without guarantee, since the conditions of use are beyond our control, The Monsanto Chemical Company disclaims any liability incurred in connection with the use of these data or suggestions. Furthermore, nothing contained herein shell be construed as a recommendation to use eny product in conflict with existing patents covering eny materia' or its use. 13 0627663 TOWOLDMONOQ40153 "1 AKRON ATLANTA BOSTON CHICAGO CINCINNATI CLEVELAND DETROIT HOUSTON LOS ANGELES MINNEAPOLIS NEW YORK PITTSBURGH SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE SYRACUSE WILMINGTON MONSANTO CHEMICALS LTD. London MONSANTO CHEMICALS (AUSTRALIA) LTD. Molbourn* MONSANTO (CANADA) LTD Montroat Toronto Vaneouvar ntniisa nto chemical compant/. oci/anic chemicals ilicisiim H00 voi lli limHicri/li hint. u 0627664 TOWOLDMONOQ40154