Document GXkLQ39DvNJpdMakGk8Qeo5v

wa*uOfUnNM**tThtOtNmoic 7ol 3. FOUNDATION FACTS NoTqp&qr. 1941 PtatMctltat Ptttt ft 4 **t*hr nm.(tur iMt t* IMiMtff4l tttttmt h*44in* nRMf^ii in f**Wtrl4f Myfltrtt PMIltttlM. TT*4 Pttfttttltn It ttmftifMt ittttrt* w ttrvitt Intuiutitt * trvtMt tftt httltli # twfUtu in iMtttry. Kb. U. Mhos af th* Fouad&tlc tte th*? prvaeatad two dj* J6 ooBposio* gg qrgTrfi--. s. . ' ' - *' -------orartto jwwiow*/ ;v- ' -- r' *rV: "t *t imllinc list who te sttad tfc* saotisg _ ^ of til* scop* _ __________^d^*su*^^bs ttcost- ditv of fcstr*ots of *11 p*pr* vtaloh iMr*^a^rw<^MZtroh**d, .;. :.. '-T Z "Vr *' v' : ;'..' ' lastood.of th* ti***\ abstract' of Iltratgro. ' x. - > ` ."*' > '-V- .. ... ' a .- *SSQVE. Q : : T-b..' - >;;^Sjgs that* tl Proaoedlac* of _ with - .. :g.Zr*1* fan; in t* m* *** fiafLc_*r.ivfc__u s -*'*>,;. t>C.>.vls vi-= -. v;;>: *-/ :*<** >* 4 Industrial Hygiene Foundation 4100 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh, Fennsylvcni? Abstract of an address on "Protection of iien end Machines" by Edward A. Tamm, Assistant Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation* at sixth annual nesting of Industrial hygiene Foundation held at Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh, Nov. 12. 1941. bmobers menace to threaten our The FB might say the wor. American peace ur national pre is appropriate to hird year. While the scream of dive divisions may not constitute cn imaediai vicious, subversive forces are at wo: Z9 part in the internal defense net? to us* We have dealt wit Shenies lal Hygiene Foundation fail to appreciate how factory employees* In this defense work the FBI At the request of the surveying many largo industrial Through this program we hope entrance into the plcnt3 against accidents vhicJUJkCghl Wuse shutdowns sole interest is in jaagfirilng American tim&te labor actinder no circuits'1 eraployer-aplcfc4\3lainships. ts, the FBI is engaged in ssentlol defense products, ifflcult for the saboteur to gain but also to safeguard injury to employees. Our i not concerned with iegi- F9I interfere with the * s strength in the future wi; uninterrupted flow of goods^ _ production lines today. Her def< must operate smoothly ntly. In these all-out efforts the d< ^ _ s a key figure. If r loses a week's work because of illness or'4dugtrii cidents,. production e slowed down that such* With enough such accident the oteur doean1t have turn a hand - hi3 "work" is being done for him. Of the acre' than 2,500 important industrial plaft^.which are on the priorities list to be surveyed by the FBI, survey? of 2,022-hltats have already beer, completed. These physical surveys include detailed inspectiow^qy our trained Special Agents of the entire plant properties and comprehensiv^jflggestions are made to the plant acnagament3 by the FBI* We suggest how a pcrticulaj^^lant can be better protected against the malicious efforts of the spy or saboteur aa ^eil as from the sore common industrial accidents* Deficiencies most frequently found pertain to the matter of selecting and investigating personnel, identification of employees, guard protection, exterior trd interior illumination, fire-fighting equipment, handling of visitors, fencing of property and screening of windows, and protection of confidential blueprints and records As an example, in one particular plant it was found that fire-fighting equipment consisted chiefly of water pails suspended from the celling or the walls. The survey disclosed that all but a few of the* pails were either empty, contained only a few inchee of water, or had deteriorated to the point that thare were no bottoms ct all* Mr. T&isn -- 2 The Federal Bureau of Investigation was designated by the President la 1939 to serve as a clearinghouse and coordinating agency to handle law enforcement activities in connection with national defense matters. To successfully handle the tremendous increase in its work since then, Director John Edgar Hoover has tripled the personnel of the 531. There axe today over 2,5CO Special Agent3 compered to slightly core than 800 when the European "or Started in 1939. The clerical force of the FBI has grown from 1,400 to more than 4,400 during the sane period. The work of^fc 531 is still increasing and if we are to continuance efficient discharge of osaTShpies, our personnel oust be increased additional!^ A \Q> In fisc ,, taining to ourN*f0rCioRal figure ccporesNb!it&l6, field offices hav' throughout the Oh le 30, 1941, a total of 68,368 matters 'received in the 55 531 field offices itters in 1940, and 1,651 in 1939. cities of strategic national defen its territories since early in Invest Kadtivi^ ,the FBI resulted in nvlraons in national defense cav^u^&U f: ^scalyea However, the counterespionage cannot bg&dSktcly me&asuw>b; and convict eases of kidnaping or bank roob7'. Combatting :o fign th fire. Spies oust be spied upem. Their every ao it our od end their contacts deter- mined. Their ways of comnunicq d end their sources of informer* tlon must be ascertained. Prca spies and saboteurs would prove harmful and could easily ripe o * work and painstaking effort of our Special Agents. For more then a ycarOTrwthr,,8bovcrx project in civilian protoofRn)^>in preparation Director sent officials^flitjje Federal Bure?8* of a year ago. Thesejjgpyoteicd and observed-jtfee used by Scotland $3i&Ma other civilian de ^ )becn pl/tftning e comprehensive project, the England more than preventive measures and nearby cities of civilian defense must battles between armies. The ^ far inland and away from the battle do the- uniformed soldiers. Felling bonbri civilian defense program. modern conflict workers in often suffer to and neither If America were the object of attack all tho ^dd$tries and resources that contribute to her national defense would be potential targ^^for enomy aircraft. Foremost on any dictator's list would be the rich oanufnctur&up districts of our industrial northeast* You gentlemen con well ioagine the detr^d&ion, the human suffering, the economic loss that would result should long-rong^abcrs release their lethal loads from high in the skies over Pittsburgh, DctroXs^pr Youngstown. That possibility gave riso to our Civilian Dcfenso Courses for Police; programs that sro of benefit to the Chief of Police of the smell town as well os the police executives of our largest cities. I believe you will agree with me that Director Hoover in organizing this widespread project hod in mind just such a theme as that of your annual meeting - "Defend tho Defense Worker." Long the symbol of tolerance and freedom, democracy is today threatened by the doctrines of dictatorship. But law enforceoont in America is working together as never before* The spies, saboteurs end subvertere of Hasliso, Coacunisa and Fascism will never succeed while we Americans stand united end strong* Industrial Hygiene Foundation 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh, Ponna. Abstract of first progress report on a study of "Sick Absenteeism in Industry," among a group of members of Industrial Hygiene Foundation presented by Dr. W. m. Gofafer, Senior Statistician, United States Public Health Service at the Foundation'3 sixth annual meeting held at With regard to days lost, the 7 of the 8 cofipaples supplying data on the closing of non-ended cases showed a loss of 51*126 daysmens the males. Company With respect to the reliability of the rates *nd hend^he value of intercompany comparisons it is sufficient to state that the rates ar.y reflect the operrtlon of many factors among which are the more cr less "artificial" ones such as those originating in the various regulations of a sick benefit plan* It may be safely assumed that the rates as given do not present an overstatement of the sick absenteeism situation as measured in terms of 3 day or longer absences* (One conppany's rate was well above the average for the others and three timet higher than one. An analysis showed that two-thirds of this company*s large total rate wns caused by respiratory diseases* Hence the study shows, up the main cause of the ab sences and this enables tho company in question to take intelligent corrective steps)* Since this report deals only with 8 day or longer absences the question arises of how ouch is lost by. not taking accowrt of tho shorter absences* An oppor tunity to provide an answer to the question presented itself when the requisite dr.tc Or. Gcfafer -- 2 were made available by the 5 year record of one-day absences or longer that occurred among the employees of a public utility company, one that had been operating wider a liberal disability plsn for e quarter-century. The analysis of the data showed that although the males experienced annually 900 absences per 1,000 males, and the females 1,320 per 1,000 females, only 153 absences among the males and 232 absences among the females extended through the eighth day; in other words, only 17 per cent of all recorded absences among the males extended through the eighth day while 13 per cent of all recorded absences among the feaclejp&tendcd through the eighth day. Further more, of hjih total recorded days of dlaeffxXtty 4.5 per cent among the males, and par cent\aahg the fofeles occurred Juffitg The first 7 days of disability after onset. (Xn?(2hr womp)oa the bj s company's experience, about half absences Ind' most serious the sasiltude of Hygiene Found and overt pointsJ^a^jSfJected 9 .ware of the fact that sick 3baenteeis6ft^n of the defense program. This report giye^n^gAdication of sample of member companies trial o the large nuebers ofnew iq*ayecs, night worh, sufficient owj^Beyhas ocemulated which the frtTCghq&POf sick absences. !S ~TABLE 1 * Summary o f data from 13 c o q fp ff^ re p o rtin g to the In d u M N ^ Hygiene Foundatjx^i, January ^AttOMfeOB as sM >s >JSSsorv 2 S's a oS "0J oou "woC3 C$> S<^ o *33-* <3> /* Table 3.--Frequency, by cause of cases of sickness and nonindustrial injuries disab ling for 8 consecutive calendar days or longer, beginning during the first half of 1941; experience of sale employees in 3 companies reporting throughout the 6 months to the Industrial Hygiene Foundation compared with companies reporting to the United States Public Health Service Cause. (Numbers in parentheses are disease title numbers from the Inter national List of Causes of Death, 1939). Annual mober of ca ses oer 1.000 males Industrial Hygiene USPHS Foundation all of cases Industrial Hygiene Foundation ALL DX& HOHINDUSTRXAL' SICKNESS i RESPIRATOR! Influenza Bronchitis Diseases (U5b ?n< Tubi Othei^resoirntory 110-114) SONRESPIRATOSI DISEASES Digestive diseases Direrses of the stomach (u7,us) Diarrhea and entariti: Appendicitis (121)^ Hernia (122a).v Other dige^^^^ses (115a,U5d, Nondi g(.t$r^aSbeases kT the haart and arteries, , . ritis (90-99,102,130-132).... v genitourinary diseases (133-133) raralgia, neuritis, sciatica (8*fe)... Neurasthenia cad the like (part of 34d) Other diseases of the nervous system (30 35, except port cf 34d, and 8?) Rheumatism, aeute and chronic (58,59). w "Diseases df .the.orgras of laeoaatlon, ex cept disease# of the joints (156b).... Diseases of the skin (151-153)................. 1*7 1.7 2.3 `O? 35 34 255 3.2 All other diseases (45-57,60-^,88,89,101, 103#154,155,156ft,157,162>........................... 5.4 3.0 5.6 2.8 69 61 3n 7.3 114 112 317 ILL-DEFINED AND DTXNOFN CA06ES (200) 1<0 1.0 2.8 22 21 316 Average number of aales............................. 42,884 40,546 226,712 42,884 40,546 27^712 Number of comsexiica ... 8 8 23 3 3 26 llndustrlal injuries, venereal diseases, and a few numerically unimportant causes of disability are not included. 2 Except influeasc, respiratory tuberculosis, and the venereal diseases. 3 7rom reference 2. S'* . TASLS 4. -- Traquancy, by company, of caaas of slcknaa* and aoalnduatrlal injuries 3r ItaUcizad rttei ara baaad oa leas than S caaaa. ^Thora waa only oaa Hagro ftmia la the racorda aad ao caaa waa raportad for bar. <m TABLE Annual number of days of disability per employee, by company, yielded by sictoess end nonindustriel injuries disabling for 3 consecutive calendar days or longer, beginning .during the first half of 1941, according to sex end color; experience of employees in 7 companies reporting throughout the 6 months to the Industrial Hygiene Foundation. Co upon; lette ^27 Annual number of days Ntuber of. days of ner emnloveeSa 'isabiiitvd/ Ail dis Nonin 411 dis- Nonin Slc<^abili dustrial ties^ <\ iniuries ^fciiities2/ dustrial SicJmesa iniuries 503 63 529 1,243 1,357 54 613 4,736 1,CS7 5,663 10,334 12,227 676 6,933 6,301 1,324 5,826 9,919 9*, 991 450 4,525 4*14 3.33 r................ C................. B................. D................. 1.19 4.93 6.59 7.75 10.08 .97 .60 .49 .36 .16 .63 1.57 -33 ^ 7)' :.7o ^ 3.24 %3.65 2.02 White females -4S____ ^ U ?97 1,506 1,746 ?14 1.19 4.77 6.59 7.12 3.51 456 361 170 615 1,220 456 832 170 50^^ 565 192 g >ih)1,_C_3_3___ 53 162 937 963 143 775 35? 5? 160 2A6 Comrvny H which did not rtpjrt over the 6 month the closing dt "non-ended cases" is omitted. For cases not ended June 30, the days of disability wero counted to that fate, inclusive. Not all companies reported cases burinning prior to January 1, 1941. Such eases have been omitted even if they hud been reported by some companies; hence the deys in 1941 accounted for by these c:ses are not included in the table. ^industrial injuries, venereal diseases, and a few numerically unimportant causes of disability arc not included. WHAT THE RESULTS OF ABSENTEEISM AUDIT MEAN TM HOLLARS AND CENTS AND SUGGESTIONS 70B TESSENING ABSENTEEISM INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION ANNUAL MEETING. PITTSBURGH.?A Nnyrawra ifr io/,i ANDREW FLETCHER many employers and employees may have thi in the past - namely: ble and somewhat complicated publi: actually mean? ost of absenteeism is sick, why s worxman is employer be Is it really collecting abse what good is it of view7 e tad expense of it is obtained) just "money* or any other point 1. Absenteeism S The information wfeAtti 'Has been co Service and by the Indus struetivrfaki^cuightening as to through absenteeism. I rfeftBfttiBt statements should be on t fa, and not confined to eight ~m**-m*~ Public Health Foundation is both con- time that is being that the data and ence of one day St. Joseph Lead Company, of which I am ah officep^hnd which, as you may know, is the largest miner of lead orosTin thedimited States and one of the larger sine producers) keeps tht^pha on both a one day and an eight day basis. The shorter period is us^d^because absentee- ism of more than eight days is obviously less than^for a shorter period) and we are most anxious to have as much on as possible so that corrective steps can be taken to lessen the -- ost We also express absenteeism) instead of by the number offset per thousand employees) by the percentage of shifts lost) as ^his basis, in our opinion, more vividly indicates to our operating men the amount of time lost, and therefore the percentage of lost production and profits. Statistics, just as accounting statements, must be current and easily understandable by the men in charge of production. It is, of course, always interesting to know why a person died, but from my point of view I would much rather know why he is sick, so that steps might be taken to prevent death. . Page No. 2. 2. The Ccst. or the "dollars and Cents" Angle of Absenteeism There are attached hereto certain absenteeism figures of the "at. .Tooech Lead Company, which show that on!7 about 6.0% cf all absenteeism is the result cf accidents while at wcrk. The other comparative percentages mayXe interesting for those who study the situation in detail, only trying to handle fr 4 rather bread point of vi*ryith th_ iught of empha$*ifcg^he "money" loss of absenteeism and tQ'j^iggesV ible wa?of 2*nening this loss. For son: lessen wcrk. or pater proved our Lead Company has made a serious effj se involved through accidents whi: have done so, not because cf any e dollars saved by this process J^lms indicated by the follajsLa^itd res from ck in 1923, was spent by t of accidents was whereas in 1940, the cost of aeciden roll. dgj&ars of payroll work, anil the cost s of payroll; cents for safety, and per hundred dollars of pay- The comment might be mrfSVitlse^ddirHo expense increasing over nine times, aa^jfiijrccident eject 0 ing cut about 70%, the actual saving the difference in ' cost, which is $1.71 per hundreddjSyrp of payroll ($3 his is, of course, true, buh mjtttefcal saving is far grewwfcxthan (although this dir- ect only Southeast Missouri' $35,000 per yia^^SShuse it does not include the hiddefc, ind costs. These in fosts are, the extremely adverse e cident on a own person and family, the expense or^,riac injured man ,th the resultant increased cost of supervision^spo tag* ef material, lower output, plus the cost of repairing equipment thaft'tiay have been damaged in an accident. _ About a year ago, Ur. Harrington, Chief of the Heaitfr end Safety Branch, CT. S. Bureau of Hines, made the rather startling esti%fcto me that the indirect costs amount to about three times as much as ttp^irect costs. With a direct cost of 97 cents, or apprejdaately one doTq^)the indir ect costs would, therefore, be about $3.00, and the total 'cost about $4.00 per one hundred dollars of payroll. With a payroll of fire million dollars, the accident costs may, therefore, amount to $200,000 per year. Even though the time lest through accidents is only about 6& of the total absenteeism, we cannot estimate the total absenteeism less by multiplying the accident percentage by some fixed amount because all operating men know that even under normal conditions there will be sick ness and, therefore, extra men ore carried on the payroll to insure reasonably normal operations. The direct loss of absenteeism is the amount of wagee paid these "extra" men,- Just as the direct less of accidents is the compensation and medical cost. From the tables attached, Page No. 3 it is apparent that in Southeast Missouri, the shifts lost through ab senteeism is 2.33$ of the total shifts worked, at the Seiraat nine 2.3$, and at Joaephtcwn 1.7$. It may, therefore, be reasonably assumed tl*at in our operations possibly 2$ extra men are being carried; with a force of 5000 men, there are possiely 100 extra men whose wryuai earn ' would approximate $180,CQ0.d<rals figure may be considered as the The "indirectfSbscrceeism losses are probably first as cidents, eajecl^ay because a man works efficiently up whereas in the case of sictaess, a full^A. 'done before an employee is forced Using the accident indirect cost sick and miscellaneous absenteeism $540,000, which with the directp^sr^ucss a it must be appreciated th&ho^aatter what e will be some sickn^sMnd miscellaneous >rJhereforo, ths aasws^tft can reasonably cted to ' or aboutJSp^^pw employee in a of 5,000. you wi>a^Mryfgoxiaate the absenteeism 'loss in the United jwu plant, multiply the number of workers by $70.00 3. Production lost br In war-time it is 6aa6fttgjff thafe, aba ism be reduced to a minimum, because basic coaMS^u^soannot be rmed into finished goods without a riced r.umbeh^dj labor, and skilled mechanics astfQsMjfcmcult to find. have heard astonishing estiaate*^pf\i amount of copper^ t we will consume in this^<%unuy for war and civilian _ amount of kilowatt w are to be required for su< /^S^Jhough I have at ought that, if the demands are' ._~_/^/^reat as indicated, we may even run short of sea water wCf^fiat 'tfej^ships that we are .ding, - my inner reaction, however, hae^always^&fo that we could not possibly use the enormous mounts of raw'ti$eris8< because, as already stated, a worker can only consume a dat^^te amount of material and kilowatt hours. T7e can, of course, consume 4ip?e materials if we can secure more workers, but as a representativevfsdk a statistical service stated to me, 'TTnere is it possible to obtftJjJi^O million more workers which will be needed if the indicated consurfptpto for war and civilian purposes is accomplished?" from purely a prsrcf^al point of view, it seems to me that vc should reduce civilian consumption to -the extent necessary to meat war-tir.e necessities, and from an equally practical point of view, that more man hours of employment should be secured by decreasing the amount of time lost through absenteeism. A rough approximation of the production loss can be determined on the following basis: each worker in the United States loses about 8 days per year - if we can save 50$, or 4 days, ve save 32 hours per worker; with about 7 million persons in defense industries, ws would save about 200 million hours of labor, which is sufficient to build 100 destroyers, or about 300 standard cargo ships. Page No. 4. Improved Cogarupity la lesirable In connection with reducing absenteeism because of sickness, the problem is even greater than in the case of accidents, because, in addition to working conditions and employee attitude, sick absentee ism is affected by the employees' horn# life, his housing, his food, his/Jbility to get prompt and eff^o^Mt medical service, and above the genial sanitary cce^^ioae in the locality in which he lives<^rhe Stv^aepb Lead^CnmpagF'has for the past twenty years been a(wi^sly^^n)xest^4?%ie general health of the communities in whic&citsk priiKima^w^ruions are located. We have apt with the firm realisation that th lean wcrl or expect something for nothing^ r*Kve frankly .the school children of today &yp.ne our employ *row, are Interested in t^raenerSX health of *7, 'things for ,ve done and wilX^nm&p&e to do ess not philant^wsScVMtsons. We have, example, given * schofrl^jicSfren, we have spent idreds of thousands and satisfactory sewerage systems and <3j*en built. The ccmmuni- ties and our sen appreci s and realise the soundness of our policy that money oved working and living conditions is worth while and cents'1 angle as well as from the huaanitar 5. SuggestioiQkJt^Uethods for Qb$&lng AbseRt4gW)V^ _____________ baptioa that gcrpftA^i ;y cf obtaining information o'" following suggestions: and Lessening nvinced of the 3^m^ then I offer When the check-up is undertaken, tell t&if emplSj?fiS\wfay it is being done, that the information obtained wj&l not affeet their personal liberties, and that'^SM* the data definitely shews certain conditions to be tfflftfyorable, then the Company will seriously attempt to de^tlop remedies* For example, if it is found that a grjit-deal more tine is lost from colds than from accidentsf^tfeen a company might wall consider the desirability of mtffewg available protective cold pills or vitamin capsules^^p sun lamps. If it would appear from absenteeism figures that on epidemic was starting, workers might be sent home immediately upon feeling sub-norm&l, and not be allowed to return without a doctor's permit. It is also suggested that the company's or a recognised local physician should talk to the men collectively at certain periods, that these talks should be steaogrqphieally reported and then mimeograph copies mailed to the man's home so that there would be some discussion on the part of his* family - if a man has already heard the doctor's- story, he rill be disposed to discuss the pamphlet and, in so doing, will improve himself os well os others with the doctor's Pag# Mo. 5. suggestions. Another constructive method would be to follow our procedure of giving to the men or their families the Metropolitan Life bulletins on colds, penusonia, tuberculosis, etc ^ lering the probxwrjbr'nbsenteeisni, it should be defin\thsit the> hert^ne wages become and the more over* e more time that men will endeavor t# d or some slight ailment to cover e or some equal attraction. Therefo: and in the issuing of any pea must not lose their sense of dustry has satis* s and financing, when ire is no reason why we herefore reduce the great wages, to industry due to lore e to lost production, * then, itej^hnre in forwarding the ideals 'C2> Page Nc. 6. ST. JOSEPH r.c&TAZT - SDT7THZA5T MISSOURI mining operations ABSENTEEISM REPORT FOR THIP.r/-Nir res: period ending 7too a.m.. sept. 28, 1941 Industrial Non-IndusA Influ^wpS; Masa^&ssSb & Annexia PharynJ^ond Tonsils Penumonia Respiratory Tuberculosis Other Respiratory Diseases Teeth and Guas Stomach, Except Cancer Diarrhea and Enteritis Appendicitis Hernia Other Digestive Heart Heamorhoi OtherC*MuIisj>Wry Diseases Gea^wSSrjj&iry Diseases Neuritis and Sciatica Diseases of Nervous System *gans of Vision Ear and Mastoid Process Rheumatic Diseases Lumbago, Myositis, Etc* Skin tisenses Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Ill-defined sad Unknown Causes Illness or Death in Family Miscellaneous Personal Reasons Total 11.970 ^2 100*00 Si This report includes payroll sen and salaried men who are limited to maximum hour provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act for thirty-nine week period between December 29, 1940, to September 27, 1941, inclusive* Boone Terre, Missouri October 21, 1941. Pag* Nr. 7. ST. JOSEPH LSAJ COIP*>rr -- 3AUAT !gNING OPERATIONS. NORTHERN NEK ABSQTTEEISM REPORT FOR PStlOO JANUARY 1. 19il TO FEBRUARY 28. I1 Industrial Inj Non-industri Influen Tons _ Nasa^BfoM and Annexe Throat^^ronehitis, te^ Respiratory T.B. Total Respiratory Die Teeth and Guns Stomach, except Cancer Ilarrhea and Enteritis Appendicitis Heart Nervous System Lumbago, Myo^t Sisciplin Iil-deAi id^tfeknown Causes IllaetfRl family ^eous Personal Reasons hr - Car Trouble TOTAL Pag# No. 3. rcSEPK LEAS COMPANY -- J05ZPKTCWN ZINC SMELTING OPERATIONS. PSrNSriVAiN-A SUMKAR? CF a**P*fnYT7S> TT.r?jRfifi?g 1919-1940-1941 Reported stating septs,am ioth 7-Say Absentees ies of 1 la? or More Ind.Hygiene All res pirate^ Appendectomy *x Chronic Appendi Digestive Tr Heoorrhoi liver Bladder Teettfad^wSrelgia (f% 1 Typhosjpand Scarlet FevtfV^ Back Ailaents (included iA^/ miscellaneous 1939 & 1940) ' Miscellaneous 1 'Ton-Industrial Accidents 9 Average time los Exposure accidents (lost time ) 7/108 Annual number of cases per 1000 males 124.9 ^ y). In addition to the above listed cases, the following had rsdglbeen terminated wi< time lost as of September 30, 1941: Non-industrial accident 1 case 2 daj^Kj t Gall Bladder Operation 1 * 82 " Miscellaneous 1 n9 * Includes one case in which former employee reported that he would have to have an appendectomy at his home (some distance from Josephtown), Subsequent brief corres pondence did not reveal definitely whether or not he had had the operation. He was subsequently dropped from payroll. ' ** Boes not include one fatality. Industrial Hygiene Foundation, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. Abstract of "What's Haw In Industrial Health," report cf the Founda tion's Medical Consulttee, by Dr. A.J. Lanza, Chairman, (Assistant Medical Director, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., N.T.) at sixth annuet meeting of Industrial Hygiene foundation held at Mellon Instl- tute, Pittsburgh, Hot. 1941 trial hygian set up there Scientific Peso Bncrgoncy Managua progress that has been made In health of the industrial worker. In e Health and Welfare Services nt, both directly stoning from t ttee, ontltlod the XndusKriecs&ealth Cos&ittee, works in nited States Puhlis^a^ih Service, the National ResearchrlbMtaTi and the Departmentalv8?f*^ae Office of Scientific ResearajgtMrDcvelopnent, ly dihiSred in thmdflBttnnai Research Council, there is also an j^dustrial Health wee raukpersafShl^r identlcel with that of the othor sub-eoanlttee on ind' ^Jtangsoent providea for adequate attention being given to both e and research phaaea of industrial health in all types of defense is addition, there la a Section on Indus- trial Hygiene in the Bureau of of the Medical Deparnaent of the Navy and also in the Medical f On the gove: . the Buroausof Industrial, so that at p: territories of Hs the Philippine cooperation fusion of Industrial -ordlnated and intograt his coimtry* In addition, s ccoa&itteas In the defense health and srale* has seen an increase in State ^are 34 such bureaus, plus the ^o^retlon* These bureaus, in National Institute of as has never before been activities are repreces, namely nursing, The Division of Industrie! Hygiene of the States Public Health Ser vice has appointed an industrial consulting nurse* In eg^pfcretlon with the National Organization for Public Health Nursing, which has also appp$hted an industrial nurs ing consultant, a staff education program is being developed^ffeich is expected to be available in January next* This program is planned for the ug^acf visiting nur3e associations which are in a position to inelude service to inSfepr among their activities* Nine states have appointed industrial airsing const^pght* in their Bur- oaus of Industrial Hygiene* The Committee on Nutrition in Industry of the Board on Food and Nutrition of the Natlonel Research Council was created last Spring as an advisory body to the government on matters portalnlng to the nutritional status of employees in defense industries* To date the Committee has concentrated mainly on the collection and the evaluation of pertinent material; attempts to stlaulat# a nationwide interest in the probl; and the furnishing to manufacturers and other interested parties, upon re quest, what adnee it la in a position to give concerning the fcoding of industrial trorfcers* Dr. Lanza - 2 As til* problem of tbs nutritional requirements of industrial workers has not been adequately explored, the Committee, as pert of its implied duty of collect- tog the factual data upon which any recommended remedial procedures must be based, has undertaken to Institute controlled nutritional studies in several large indus trial plants, located in various sections of the country. Sub-committee on Porso ons in Industry is especially interest ed in al moral.#. This Commit s setting up a program aimed at both t] educatio this'"subject. To aid In correlating the ed anterior hy is being prepared. This will make to lndustri and Industrial physicians a weaUfc lal which should b when emotional problems arise Organ! the American Ui State conduc Champ represented by the Council on IZlsrfol Health of by tha Coonittaas onlMdustahl Health of the Industry is repsaStt by definite programs of Hanufacturexiftilk&ffr the United States The Division of United Staten Public Health Ser- vice, through its Section g&tlons* la conducting researches into a large amber of situations atlng to Industrial health and exposure to occupational hazards in os. It any bo said that research is keeping pace with adainistrat _ field of industrial health. It is axceedjjiS^^^iragfl^r^b no'W/" education in industrial hygiene goes on in the tochitfCTL^dBeLnaering medicu les and is being stimulated and developed. Couraem3u!&dustA&l hygi ene "f$r bo .tors end engineers are being established u^deK^iv&slty auspices and^tc^a that these will be functicc- ing sufTic^a^^^toaoct future demands. Foundation* under the able leads fd quite a wide range of activities, which speaks for Itself and 70U will hear activities are under way and what has beon tr and Ur. McUahon, you to the printed speakers in detail Industrial Hygiene Foundation 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Suaaary of findings from Foundation-supported research on best X-ray procedures for industry--"A Coeparison of Stereoscopic Miniature Chest Filas Single Hoentgenogrcas on Paper, and Single Hoentgenograns on Large Films'1 by augene ?. Pendergrass, Iu.D., S. P.eid ffarrend, Jr., Sc.O, and D. 2. H&r.gensen, M.S. of University o*PennsylvnniA, presented by Dr. FendAcross at sixth annuel aeetin*<^(Industrial Hygiene Foundation held at^SwJyon Institute, ?ittaburgh^tfftt. jg. 1941 ' cconic 4-inch in oede during the Pendergrass. Dr.' fictui-crs of the for all of the/ b7 each aej j;cts chsraJ^"5r. Pendi whose mits^wcrc noroc 1 noetic arebleos. r entgenograns or. film end on paper, ootograohs of the fluorescent scre< Ur. D E. Hargtnson of patients ch^sb^^lJr. . P. barren, and Hr, Haagenscn, eorJdj^Nd)tt the aer.u- r producing niniaturc films, ffinuj^e techniques Uas or pairs of filaajsfcr*'nrfe of each patient considerably in dcoMQ^id contrast. The sub s series of tmK^qdoudod a few patients M. whose provided difficult diag- After the films were tbei Sown by Ur. Haagcnsen to 31 roentger.o- logists in Philadelphia, Uoahin and Cincinnati. Each of theso exami- ners analysed the films of fros 6 and recorded his findings on forms, The examiner started by choosing films of a particular patient that stereoscopic pair vhicheraNj noted whether he thought this film Adequate for survey and brie saw in the film. He then proceeded to the 4-i^e^w^^Zinch films a. .tient, then to the 14-inch by 17-inch paper, c.yLrfttt&tf to tho large f he had finished his examination of^aJuT^t tni films which time ixaslne he warn ashcc whether helig^fcMnat paper roentgenoc'ra.-.s, inch by 5-inch files, md 3te5oWAP^c 35-iUs fil-a were satisfactory >lvinc (1) gross path- :hest (2) nlnivtl tuberculosis, (3) (4) industrial 'rellain&ry analyses of the data show that tiysic roewfcnologists believe :t the order of marit for survey work of the four uothjogs is: First--14-inch by 17-inch filas; Second--14-inch by 17-inch papery Third--s^^coscopic 4-inch by 5-i-nc; photographs of the fluorescent screen image. Fourth--stereoscopic 35-as photographs jf the fluorescent screen image Purpose Detecting Gross Pr.tholocv of Cheat Detecting MiM-M Detectin'? Silicosis For Industrial Surveys U x 17 in. Pnocr 100 33 36 89 as Satisfactory Stcreosd^j&p Storcoscetic 4 x 5 1ST* 35 an. 90 63 58 20 67 21 79 24 These results should be qualified by the following faoti: (1) Uany of the examiners rare not practiced in the examination of snail filas. (2) Definite improve ments in the techniques of producing both 4-lnch by 5-inch files ~nd 35-ao filas have been node since the filas used la these tests were prepared* (3) United tine was available to the examiners for enalnation of tho test results* It is probable that the results tabulated above would have been aodifled in the direction of more general approval of the snail films for surveys if these difficulties had been avoided. Industrial Hygiene Foundation U00 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh, ?. Abstract of report on Tuberculosis in Industry, by Dr. L. U. Gardner, Director, The Saranac (NT) Laboratory, at sixth annual meeting of Industrial Hygiene Foundation held at gallon Institute, Pittsburgh, " 12, 1941 ^ tuberculosl instinctive! rather than ratory Symposium' observers to re aents and to development^ _ the y*4S\b&se National of th^Hninl conclusio; ' to account for a freshly discovered al environment* Our dust-conscious tors that may depress resistance to, ct with the tubercle bacillus* At erculosis in Industry, I asked apt of tuberculosis in different f factors that have bee&^lleftB to frvor its proceedings about the first of Association* only point out a fev There has been an industrial groups than in the than specific environmental among saga earners* Of the as dusts, only free silica losis* in the tuberculosis mortality in ge. A low standard of living rather ible for most of tho tuberculosis ts, including fumes and gesoc as veil ce upon susceptibility to tubercu- In exccptlj^lyVjgylviduals chuaaj ,re tsnts end tubcrcuJo^ffi^py'Dc admitted buV^e that it influmatf&tnp^Cncidence of tubor ' mum environaijft xfc3irabl<s for the cure of prcventiM(CN^Gw influence of nutrition, fjt ditva^^b^uic intoxication like l*ad were tha^x^has hod an approcicble effect* hips between exposure to irrif such substances is not suer tiow.l groups. The optinot essential in its pf temperature and hunit was agreed that only In contrast to the old*hand cigar industry^ whicn^tll accounts for Sut 75* of the wortacn la this trade, a modem tobacg^actssy with adequate hy gienic surroundings produces practically no tuberculosi^^Tha frequence of this infection in non-eiliceous dusty trades was not abnonnaXbj^ high rates still obtained in foundries, granite cutting end hard rock tdnih^$rolvlng exposure to quarts dust. But evan under the latter condition, the possibilities of control are Indicated by tho low rates prevailing where nodical pro ve been in operation over a sufficient period* \2>~ u-m Industrial Hygiene Foundation 4400 Firth Avenue Pittsburgh, ?a. Abstract of findings from a Foundation-supported research on "Effects of Arc Welding Fuaes on Susceptibility to tuberculosis." The investi gation, conducted at the Saranac (NY) Laboratory, was reported by Or. L. 0. Gardner, Director, at sixth annual meeting of Industrial Hygiene Foundation held at Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh, Nov. 12. 1941 s an exaaple of on exposur nary irritant that has had no slgnifl effects upon superiapos " culous infection, I cite in experinenjr?^ dealing s. This was undertaken because of increasing- ed to such fuaes throughout industry. ^ program was t from the Industrial Hygiene Found* * \i > when the proper sublethal dose dfisftjttl was being determined, abo the 200 guinea pigs exposed di^TufJJ^hemical pneumonia, arceased within three or llowlng 9 months have shown <n of the licgs. had been infected with In spite of the severe inf concentration of fuaes their exposed controls. In no any evidence of progression o when quartz dust is 1 placed in the fine chamber a few days previously, ing froa the excessive initial ed es effectively as it did in nonthe following 8 aonths has there been h as has been regularly observed Another Tea pin&s b ected with the saae kind of tubercle bacilli tls of 4, .feand' . thereafter snail groups of these animals h >sed daily to^jtl&letli centrations of welding fumes, Here the pur learn whether the-'-p^efora g tubercles would be resc tivated " to spread as has also b an animals ere exposed to quartz i\\ tr o suggestion of reactivation has b< exposed wher crculous foci (area) were 4, 5 or 6 oontaSAejP aggi final test will bo next month to discover whether there are caronic . in concentrations too lew to produce pneusniej^hich of exposure to native susceptibi* to tuberculosis. kept in the fuse chaob'i ^ 10 Months will at that be renoved to e noraal atnosphore for a waek and infected with the sane of tuberclt bacilli. From the nature of the scare lungs it is not anti- ed that the course of the superimposed tuberculosis any different frou in unexposed controls* The results thus far observed constitute evidence for view that severe inflansatioa of the lungs does not necessarily influence the course of a tu berculous infection. They also indicate that exposure to even excessive concentra tions of ere weIlding fuses is unlikely to have a bad effect upon either fresh or old tuberculous foci (area) in a worker* s lungs. Approximately 130,000 are welders are now engaged in industry. mm* Industrial Hygiene Foundation, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa* Summary of findings from Poundation- supported research on "Reactions of Living Tissues to Silica Granules as Observed Microscopically in the Rabbit's Ear Chamber," by Dr. EjLot R. Clark and Darrow S. Haagensea, M.S., Depermaent of Ajjra;, University of Pennsylvania, presented by Eugene P. Penderg^gs75fr.D., cf University of Pennsylvania, ;h annual mooting of Xnavswlal Hygiene Foundation held at Mellon ktute, Pittsburgh, Se^v\12,^l941. T_hev" ed microscopic extended d than was singled d in of living tissues to allien u observ. ed chambers inserted in the ^SaijPs ear, has been include the effect of ajire aoilvi dose of silica the effect of a sec*&&je super-imposed on the With silica o from material provided us vary massive dose was to subjected to a moderate dose suits did sot differ material! No definite silicotic nodule (a micron 1/29,000 of an inch) rector, Saranac (NT) Laboratory) a a chamber which had been previously s than observed for 10 months. The re tained from the sailer single doses. The outst ytoai* (engulfing) of the silica particlss by macro ering cellsi, w ned visible, with their en- closed silica, he period of obeef^gtio which showed a definite tonden- cy to group ^ _ r Some of the aacrop$gS ( cells) merged to foxm giant cells tbf' dnys or weeks, dislots causing any noticeable reac- tion. e has accumulated which suggests ons where many silica- hages are grouped, there is mcre't^ to mild inflaaaatory then elsewhere* s/^ The general conclusions from all these k&M ir<mt the presence in the tissues of large amounts of fine silica does not of t$i*lf lead to the formation of silicotic nodules, but that it may produce a condition-wh^ch may form the basis for an exaggerated reaction to mild inflammatory irritants. MMm Industrial Hygiene Foundation, 4400 Fifth Avenu, Pittsburgh, Pa. Abstract of a report oa the "Saploynbillty of the Physically Handicapped, by Or. Henry H. Sessler, Medical Director, New Jersey Rehabilitation Clinic, at sixth annual seating of Ing^strial Hygiene Foundation held at '* ** "'Institute, Pittsburgh, Nor, ` ` A1 great potent! ice and condemn annually lost to .dicapped by minor disabilities, performance, are being rejected e by industry. Thus a vast reserro nosy* and his training all contribu .dlTiduals is based no^A pxW? of tholr incapa- vejudice. The sodadpeafeeconomlc condemnation isod on tte-Jne^gSs\sption that physical gather a sea1 s capacity to work ability, his personality, Physical defects aro tatic and dynamic. The loss of a finger, a stiff joint, the ' or muscle group, ore stationary defects and rarely effect tha^aa*mn*M c y to work* Tuberculosis, arthritis and similar systemic diseaM^ra^&ssOc^in y effect the entire body and impair wsrking efficiMajtt/io^ction should be on the presence of diseased states and not on st^JamJSTects, except ^fcope ysls in a specific vocation indicates unusual^vafcml requirements. led person may not only be n Tt, but may actually Ten field. The ability of indivi sical defects to be as as so-called normal individuals? to tho safety factor, _ 'can accommodate Itself to unusual demands' w e, or congenital, ^{ulred defects. Through solf repair, rogenercti 'ion to new conditions, stitution of one structure for another, such us th< for the kidney, the body may perform efficiently. In this respect the large reservoir of traits and capacities resmnble an icoberg. Less than 10$ of the potential efficiency of the individual is called into play in the routine pursuits of life. Submerge^^&r use in an emergency, lie 30$ of the physical powers of the individual. Tho physiwjrpdcfect may even act a3 a stimulus to overoompensatlon with extraordinary physical'b^Tity. Adler develop ed a complete system of psychology based on the idea of organ inferiority. Ho 3tatcd that we aro equipped with materials that aro rarely fully developed, yet with this im perfect development, good performances are turned out, just as our ancestors produced great works with imperfect tools. Employers are reluctant tc employ the physically handicapped bocause they believe their defects make them accident prone. There is enough data at head to disprove this false contention. What has been said about the physically handicapped may also be applied tc the so-called over-age employee. Swiss studies show that the incidence of Industrial accidents is such less among thoso aged 40 to 90 than oog those from 80 to 40. Dr* Kessler - 2 Because of the powerful psycho-social prejudice on the part of industry and society toward the physically handicapped and the over-age employee, ordinary educa tional aothods have proved futile in finding a place for thm& in the national econoary. This challenge has been net in a limited way by the United States government in 48 states* Agencies have been set up providing assistance to the handicapped by moans of special services, including physical ro tlon, functional training, and place- meat. Thajobjective is to reduce or " physical defect, provide special skills, ttfg/^lace thanin positions c with their aptitudes and their id tions* Oj restoration* productivity be stnt in ey -- has Aphaslzed the objective pcraaoimt because only by reoovi sychological prejudice reduced. \ ct can This be< .operation in New Jersey for ad^g^than 20 years, The correct! jrincii be aeea in its adonglAjjy the government in its plan rchabi; reos* In thigjvre^tt 200,000 young men with dstfML'?ects, eye1 , Neurovascular musculo-skelotal defects, peroneal^llseases, mental irvcftwz&Ueases,defects of ears, defects of feet, defective lungs, and will be salvaged* Tho army expects to accept virtually theW.fc$55iJS$"Sfter they undergo troet&ent by fsaily physicians or dentists te The lesson is plain* trained youths, it is of eqi age employeo with groat lolvt 'itieaffor ii r for the ezsy to salvage unphyslcally handicapped and over service* Industrial Hygiene Foundation 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh, Penns. Abstract of discussion of the "Employability of the Physically Handicapped," by M. M* VTelter, Director, Pennsylvania State Bureau of Rehabilitation, at sixth annual meeting of Industrial Hygiene Foundation held at Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh, Sov. 12. 1941. Alcost on e-tenth of the people iatfbhe United States meet with accidents annually^^d twice this number are hoipeyfrsA work at least one week during the because a^illness* a result of t8w2*jdxfabling conditions, there are 4,000,: persons wit^ftrorn ysicel InMlrwrt* and the annual increase of new cai about 80G,00&Vhe tiraj)about 675 do not prevent them from own aaploymenvcd e others, 260,000', it is necessary special gulden lucsj 'placement in ordar that they may an tera- tive employment* ^thousand can bo prepared for no it, and the rest oust be a special environment such a red workshops or occupations 10 Cl ' on in their homes* expert :or a suitable careful vocational prepaaon^the handle ed re. s and are certified as being pgpalcolly and man doing They present a group of more stable employees than perfect group", as shown by a study in one of our large carry out this axperlment the physical examination was waived handieaoped workers studied with a group of non-handicapped workers* iiqn showed that among the non- handicapped workers a greater(s^p ent) resigned than of the hsndi- capped workers. Also, that .dByffia f&tmcr there was a greater percentage (7.4 per cent) removed fsd^&tteair Job^ because were not suited to the type of work* It showed tha^dPnon-handicap^ucas cent more were laid off, due to lack of workman among the handies; of the committee which theru is no real reason why not bo employed b7 large concern; ual's abilities and he is not placed penalize him, he will be able to compete production just as well as those suffering ptuay said: "^e are of certain vocation ^hasis is placed on physical handistand the pace of aps* A recent review of those persons who wore successfully rehabilitated In Pennsylvania for the year 1938*39, showed that more than $5JTj^terae. still employed at the time of tho review which was ono year after placement chyjfce selected job. Think of this saving in labor turnover with no increased hazfijdrTfcf accident. In r.ot a single instance was a second accident reported. That employM^^re satisfied is evidenced by the figures showing that about 425 of these people $$iil employed Are employed at an increase in wage* These figures for steadiness of employment, for reduction of labor turnover are without doubt equal to those found in any large Industry nnd form a definite proof that, if correctly adjusted into suitable employ ment, the disabled man makes as satisfactory and as safe a worker as does the physi cally normal* The safety of the disabled was further verified in a study made in Pennsyl vania in 1937. Only 175 or 0*68 of the 29,000 handicapped drivers of automobiles in that year were Involved in accidents* On the other hand, 91*000 or 4 1/255 of the other 2,000,000 drivers met with accidents* The nature of tho disability often requires the selection of special types of productive employment and the utilization of small business projects. On the Ur* falter -- 2 Industrial activities in competition with normal persons. Today acre then 10,000 handicapped persons ore employed by the Ford Company and about %% of the employees of the Western Electric Company ere physically disabled. A study of 6,097 rehabilitated persons revealed that they were working at 628 different types of jobs. Higher grade positions demanding ability and ex perience, as well as other types of employments, were being filled by disabled persons. v> rapid expansion of prod^e^UpnjA the Mationnl Defense Progr&m has ^ incrcasedX^h^ demand f^r workers and eujjSyers are now asking specified^ for qualified disjgSlod p^rs^js becaufl^^hey^aro not apt to be called for ailita^<^r^>' vice; because:^*~the oorimen; and because of the rccogniz; ency of disabl^Ue^pori^^^^mrs by employers. Employ to prepare dlsab cem, which mud service wi|Hg^fcrff-s fi eastern>Gkte^? plant can being suttfliea with disabl and prepitfed by the rehabill in that plant. rehabilitation departments fccilitiffl d occupations, is being sup . a large conrehabilitation t employer's j control ted 'cations. In an in a similar Banner . their personnel office, specialised job requirements Another employer of plant in cooperation with the persons for his employment, this employer of several fis^operating an evening class in his own rt^jprtcc to prepare a group of disabled sadikjmslblc by previous placement with ho W& very satisfactory. ievor&l la grinding. companies arsons in precision lens ity disabled persons have be i half years arc required to pr een Adjusted to prepare in twenty wee slant which manufactures aviation ins school of horology, h repciring. This persons for employ* The viewpoint of the employer is outlined in ^tps^olloving statement by H. B. Duffus, SafetyEngineer of tfastinghouse Electric aSfiltanufaeturing Company: "The saying, rIT IS VETER 100 LATE TO 13{P' has no better ^Application than the occasion of the industrial employee who has through misforti&jtebeon deprived, of some of his faculties to the extant that he is unable to continue jcb or profession that has provided him with the necessities of life and a few pleasures. Because a workmen loses sn an, a leg, his hearing, or his sightp^ert is no reason why he should be considered as a loss to industry. sleny of these 'den were machinists electricians, bailer makers, foremen, pattern makers -- t complete cross section of our skilled wortaaen. In faqt, there ire 93,000 Industrial esployoes who were perma nently disabled as a result of our 1940 industrial accident roll and several times that nueber who wore peratnently disabled beesuso of accidents end disease outside the plant. "X can recall many cases of good rehabilitation of industrial workers. There is a young follow whu lost four fingers while working on a milling machine. Four years of training in the Trade School and our Drafting Department developed him into a Junior Draftsman. There was the case of ths girl who lost hree fingers on a punch press and whose ambition always bad been to become sa inspector* Through a series of special courses, she received the necessary training end is now a very Mr. Falter -- 3 efficient and valuable inspector. A wosan ttrenty-ono years old bad her left hand amputated at the wist, further instruction in business, arithmetic, bookkeeping and accounting aachines qualified h:r for work in the factory office keeping certain accounts end doing coaptoacter work as c. part of the job.11 The Pennsylvania Rehabilitation Service wr.s invited by the Engineering Departacnt of the'EransfcrraerDivision of F^jtinghvuse, located at Sharon, ?c., to assist the coupany with the selection or of workers for the drafting section. These worker?) have been successful bedaaic) tceir positions were carefully select; on the bas'i^ofs ?crsaB&\fitness adequate preparation. In addition, the s\ aounting of d^ipultig&4n a physical handicap has built up cl the capiaycesV^^^u^^l^^^!^? vocational efficiency. As stater7. Assistant laginns^g M^^^^u^Theso young people are doing inporta tfkMtnlhd doing it well; aeet the need for sillied draftsift to defense preductijn; they ^^^qSckljf^5^ptod thcnselves to the rork. qffrAo)| Ene young aen node the highe ting appren- Uce5<" ro $ was a engrifnge the investsent in one study i was returned t in the fora of a handicap a blessing, gconoaically oaploynent is sound. In fact, spent for rehabilitation, $47.00 Ok Industrial Eygltaa Foundation, 4400 Fifth AV*aue, Pittsburgh, Pa. Abstract of address, "Protection of Civilians and Industry In Wartime," by Dr. George Baehr, Chief Medical Officer, U.S. Office of Clrllian De fense, at sixth annual meeting of IndStrial Syglene Foundation, held at MeHob\Iastitute, Pittsburgh, 4l. The*0hltod ^ laGuardia urgent* fflent of plans establishment vulnerable In areas" of <$St standlsrfbhawilan as loo r of the Office of Civilian Defonse<^tt^r^?.H. physicians of the country to cooperatJKlaQBo develop- vision of the Office of CivHian>3%fTMPror the services In States alon^ bot^^nooards and in he interior. In all lqeoitieeia these "target Medical Service laMftfrgaaized with an out8*807 MedlwSg9Vice, Oas of the essent the organization of an &er, areas", which must be reedy the event of a local disaster heralded bombing. In response be despatched from hospitalsJ first aid posts close to Eaergeacy Medical Service is BKt in every hospital in the "target at the call of the Control Center in e or accident or by sudden and ua e alarm, Sacrgency Field Units will casualty stations and advanced Another easMasftifc-'fcart of tbs plan of ce of Civilian Defense calls for the organizat^bqpdP^raiaing of Firs^Jtfd De ztts In every Industrial plant, large buslneag^mjjsishments and government^#' trial plaatt***# already organized such detK^h the country. Some iadusprotectlon of their a- ployee^mTMjps&ration with the American Red I^Pi^Japortant that similar 7iragnia^Daclmenta be organized In each wing exyxls&e Industrial plant so ?rampt first aid can be rendered to asployee*^ hs b^^t of an accident or ^disaster. Under the direction of the plant ctan^iMt\ members of ths do- tdehment should be thorou^aly trained in first aid pron#ures\shd first aid drills should be held periodically thereafter. Each detactaeng^bould be in charge of a leader who has taken the advanced and instructor's courOS/Jn first aid of the Amer ican Red Cross and has been qualified as an instructor. aCaad othsr qualified in structors should then proceod to extend first aid training tftT^her ployocs. It is the object of the Office of Civilian Defense t$2BWcad first aid training widely throughout the civil population until ultlaatcly^ere is someone trained in first aid in every vicinity and if possible la every house. Industrial physicians must be prepared to play an important role in this undertaking. Of all physicians, they are aaong the beat equipped by training and axperionce to assuao a large share of tho leadership in Civilian Defanse not only In their own industry but in the cnamunl ties in which they live* The Office of Civilian Defease calls upon you to serve as loaders in your localities in the organization cad operation of the civilian protection service! which will form an important port of our national defense* ' HffinnnnnV Industrial Hygiene Foundation 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennc. Abstract of report of Membership Committee preaented by C. Ralston, Chairman (Safety Director, Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co.) at sixth annual nesting of Industrial Hygiene Foundation held at Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh, Nov. 13. 1941. Twelve companies have affiliated with the Foundation thus far this year. rhey are: Two of the above _ their ae&bershlps during 1941 Corporation bos just advised us pped out in lean years but renewed resigned. Meanwhile General Motors to affiliate, starting January 1, 1942. It will be impose port on asnbership work until the end of the year. A caspan^f^ ne^ ambers in progress and we have reason to be optiaistle obo^b it^yesults The~caapa been necessarily held up by the procedures inyo^wwrc^nging the FoiSdatt _ This change was advocated by the Membersh|^^&qpzvte, as well as 355^0tier or.s Interested in the Four.dc> tion, at t^s^NS^s hare one year ago. (&&&1 c g the aeabership, and after the due^b^toMS of the law, the change frbig ^ oundation to Industrial Hygi^(^o^pdition became official only rccen Increasing industrial activity tends to^i^nas^^ttlth h&sards---and at a when this nation sorely needs maxlsua oar.power^)<There^^u'j the work of the foundation is nore important now than ever before. XV&Lpsxesup*aies keep precau tions apace with production, which is the only way we cC^offset the increases in sick absences cad occupational disease which inevitably qedbnpcny increase in indus trial activity. In endeavoring to fulfill this important function ^v^eping precautions in step with production -- tbs Foundation is porforuins more ase^gro field work for its aesber companies. During the past ytar our industrial hyglet?i, dr. F. S. Mallette, covered approdaatcly 25,000 miles in aadng plant surveys and "trouble shooting" where new processes were being installed, or new materials introduced with questionable health effects. Survey wor't ras performed in seven states. In August, the Staff Hygienist flow 2, TOO dies in three days covering emergency work in plants scattered from Oklahoma to Now Jersey. During midsusner, three hygienists were kept busy on the staff mooting the deuand for survey work. Three compcnies *re now utilising this survey service on a yecr-eround basis. Several other masher companies are seriously considering e erresgiant, which fans aeny advantages. ar. Ralston -- 2 Another mastership service developed during the year, end which promises to prove highly valuable to members, Is the consultation on exhaust ventilation systems. Companies planning to install such systeas should submit their plans to the Foundation for a double check. This service becomes possible through the engi neering study which the Foundation is supportion at University of Pennsylvania. In closing* let oe call attention to the importance of the Foundation's research on industrial health. Research doesn't excite us when we refer to it as one of the benefits companies derive froajsheir membership. But Or. L. U. Gardner's report yesterday, showing that arc wel^dirRfcumes do not seem to affect susceptibi lity tojitiherculosis, is of iasense Jraq\tce. It is definite word at last on such diSbu^Aed subject This insMtig^Hon emphatically illustrates the volt the Foundations s rwjch fo^^b^Msbcrs and for all industry -- which is^ another rca'Sjn^iy aS^^^^^^hduld vigorously support Industrial HygitoeNTEla tion. If anymff^her |arj^aapTor the Foundation were needed, Ur. AinaurSetcher supplied it ye^^raa^n^oL said -- to approximate the abscntepi^fesigps'in your own* plant, oultifc|Ggjpi^aiS^of worlmen by per year. this organization ghteaed. iadusi by industry itself t and leadership. o> Industrial Hygiene Foxr*.dation 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Abstract of report on "Industrial Hygiene at Work in the Defense Indus tries" to be presented Thursday, Sot. 13. 1941 at the sixth annual rooting of the Industrial Hygiene Foundation at iellon Institute, Pittsburgh, by Warren A. Cook, i'ast President Angsicon Industrial Hygisnc Association, ich General Accident & LiatiJrInsuranco Coapnny, Chicago. jw:lose M industrial hy^^pt today is to work out oethods whereby industry cazt^elU optiajp^y^rial and processes for a given purpose though such ^ .volve a potential health hasard. By, porating such :tirth the industrial hygienist stipule.to^^tr 0 can in practically without causing injury to the healthr:ers. Anong lea of materials and processes/WirijPlhtroduced in the defense ntial hazards preeuntedjy ta^tapidly developing asgr.es iua tion to the usual djtt^Sxacsures which oust bo contro the added cxNsr^sx sulfur dioxide pro- duced hot oetal >urc the sold sulfur is incorporated to reduce oxidation of tfiZ prob^^taNttfe exposure to aaooniuu silico- fluoride', which aay be used m itufur and exposure to csrbon di sulfide, used in testing the CO! e sand, are not sufficient to produce any deoonstrable inj suras should be checked so that excea- sive absorption of these uatcri .voided before poisoning actually results. Carbon tetrachlorida< \used^ * onnection with resin core washes particularly where thin aefi&xi e^aoool inishos. Here it is necessary to guard not only agninstlh^efcbdure to-the cari trachloride vapor itself, but. also to .lake sure tiwptgiftr "is no exposure^to p e into which the carbon tetre- chloride is hydrattj\Ji* this vapor coiesbinjcont th incandescent surfaces in core ovens or A^i^rcihly poured castings .'N^xnosgo? its purposes as a war gas but it has^^3jb$rin the foundry. ' ~ are extensive use of benzol in operations where to A* foraerly been employed is also brough tion which needs to carefully checked since denands of the auni ..j., __ __v have drained the toluol oar'cet. Even toluol icay produce itsNinrcotic^ effect on workers in tXTe airplane industry where such confined areas as thdxbiind m of the fuselage rust be spray-ooated. _ The asnufacturer is cautioned against becoming sd aecupied with direct pro duction problems that hs overlooks industrial hygiene. Lnd^^al hygiene is just cs such a aattcr of efficient production *3 is the provision of^ttnerly tenpered tools. Another caution: operations previously innocuous any cause hegEplfcvlnJury on longer or aore continuous exposure incident to increased production schf&ues. As a case point, fatal poisonings have occurred in an operation involving otfe. of the aoderate.y toxic solvents which hod previously been used on shorter schedules without any Injury to health. The value of putting industrial hygiene to work in defense industries is this -- nan-power can be kept on an efficient level. Industrial Syrian* Foundation 4400 Firth. Avenue Pittsburgh, Penna. Abstract of preliminary report on a Foundation-supported study, "An Evaluation of Present Exhaust Ventilation for the Control of Industrial Health Hazards," by Theodore Hatch and Robert H. Walpole, Jr., Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, presented by Professor Hatch at sixth annual seating of Industrial Hygiene Foundation held at Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh, NovktfSl 1941. "%> . situs stud out with respect to the present in dssi sys' ventilation: 1. the design is almost, empirical ? systems so designed has not been ^Mnsjs^ly correlated wit^the^dgE&*? control which is produced. There cellec- tion and tabula iol data, the use of which will prette\&*TOre exact control of d and gases. It VI iiotf plied to nusfeerleMrarartrial processes and to manjr^mmxgfe of the s^e)}proe< Because of encountered, it is stntda&hat design prow reduced^d^2e^angineering relationship! and tat since great foci lp2oyed power consumption is only of secondary interest, [ing of the variable factors involved and the reliance which aost' evious experience, it seess proper to inquire to what extent eapiidi upon experience, can be translated into sore basic data which will hav application. One say also investigate the possibilities of reducj ~ without sacrificing efficiency of control. Bust ontaminsnts are^spt into the air by definite forces, The fisction o [ust hood is to es$afe$iBh -forces which will prevent the escape _ ontaminant. In a basiq^ ;ee?ifc\approach to the design of exhaust the forces of disoersion sustM rebofn&cd and evaluated and related raance. The anjar objective o .^investigation is to estab- jl relationships. It Is recognized, uw^*v^, ^^C^C|ny problems cannot be in this nay and, also, that only a few o^|11 'v ' * ssos requiring venti- on can be studied. ^ A general revision of design procedures complete elimination of empirical data are not anticipated. The development of^a^ethod of investigation will, in itself, be of value. It is hoped, for example", ^Idt through the use of such a method, the manufacturers of contaainant-producln$ jqffipaent will be able to study the characteristics of their own machines and developf^windards of ventilation. Such original studies will help to remove the present difficulties encountered In applying ventilation to machines and processes as an oftar-thought, so to speak. At the outset of this investigation, the recent literature on exhaust ventilation has been collected and a bibliography, arranged by Industry or process prepared. The list of references is not complete but sufficiently so to show that the volume of published material is not great. The importance of exhaust ventila tion in the control of industrial health hazards and the cost of installing and operating such equipment are great enough today to warrant a asro complete treatment of the st&ject. - The bibliography is attached. lt^yWuuwUwUWL HXITOSNCIS OR SSSAUST VENTILATION 1930-1941 G2USRAL Air Dilution la Industrial Ventilation. Parts I. IX, III. IY. W.C.L. Haneon. Heatlag and Ventilating. 1,27, 39-43, Not. 1940*-- IX, 37, 42-46, Dec. 1940 -- III, 38, 40-42, ?eb. 1941 -- IV, 28, 71-74, Mar. IMl Are We Colrtsdlllng Dust? S.W* Gumey <3a^b.S. Beyer. National Safety News. Ube^y'? Mutual InsufMd* ^ ^>' Are You Burl ina Workable ?i Characteristics o ^ss>-Martson Industry, Saa> art I. fixing Suitable Branch Pressure* Obtain l. Heating and Ventilating. 36. IfciaYCIhte. 1 n Coal Dust-Air Mlrturos. A.4ClM**ord, A.A, 271, 281, May 1 ' Industry. Penna. Dept, The Control of Industrial J4i. DallaValle. Meehan. Sngr Exhaust end General Ventilation. 33. Dealm of Duct Wat* ^ghtue Tree. 2ng. Series Bulletin No glens foundation of Aaarica, Inc., Design o* 3rh*ut Hoods Bulletin No. 2, Part 'glene Poundatioa^dF^ABerica, Inc., Prer. Zng. Scries tch. Jour. Ind. Hyg. It Tex by Industrial Press, DdSStttinatlon of Cloth Area for Industrial Air filtersc^C.Z. TttHiaas, Theodore Hatch, Leonard Groenhurg. Heating, Piping, Air Conditions'April, 1940. The Detominatlon and Control of Industrial Dust. J.J. Bloofl^eld; J.M. DallaValle. U.3. Pub. Health Bulletin No 217, April 1933. Dust and fae Control -- A Practical Approach. S.B. Heller; f.Sfej^Llette. Occ. Hazards. 2, no. U, 8-10, 12, 32, Sapt. 1940. Dust Collection Systccs. Concrete, Cto* Mill 2d., 47, 147-149, April 1939. Dust Collection. H.R.A. Duties. Jour. Ind. Seating Vent* ng?s. (British), 5, 317-336, 1937. Dust Collection. CJU Sysder. National Safety News. 37. 16, 34, March 1938. Siaco this publication has been issued the nane of the organization baa bean changed to Industrial Mygleae foundation. References on Exhaust Ventilation - 2 Dust Control. Parts I, g4 m. F.F. Kparath. Heating and Ventilating. 37, Part I, PP* 38-41, March 1940 -- 37, Part II, pp. 39-42, April 1940 -- 37, Part III, pp. 36-38, May 1940. Dust Control Methods in an Asbestos Fabricating Plant. R.T. Page; J.J, Bloomfield. U.S. Public Health Reports. 52, 1713-1727, Not. 26, 1937. Dust Control, present and future desim considerations. T.F. Hatch. Meehan. Engin eering 57^54-156, March 1933. Dust ContrdlSSVStCB D4d$kn. Instaltoktioi>ind Operation, from th Crtm^wsense Stand31, June 1941. Prevention. R.A. Brets. F.'^Crarath. Oct. 1940. 7-29, Not. 1940. 22, 40-41, Dec. 1940. and Vent. 8, 33-35, Feb. 1941, 28, 33, Mar. 1941. 2, 36-38, April 1941. Hyg. Sect., 1, 54-59 Hatoh. Industrial Medicine, lad. Effective ^chaust Systgn^^^ _ jTafety News, Aug. 1939. Exhaust Hood. Col1 >^7r\ and Fans Design 'te^ntrob^gaat. Brick and Clay Record. 98, 51-52, Feb Exhaust ,- 'on -- Suction Versus Airflow. -22, 31, Sept. 1940. to Consider in Desig&nn Dust Remov** L4-16, 60, Sept. 1937. therldge. Occup. Hazards. 'm ^ c.C.^ c\ \ Abrasives, Fan Selection & Nomenclature. A.A. Berostneff. Refrlgera^sn Engineering, 32, 175-179, 1936. The Flow of Air and its Distribution Through Ducts. J.R. Zwil Part I. Frictionless Flow and Velocity Boad. Heat, and Vtntfcy-gfi. 15-17, Fob. 1939. Part II. Flow with Friction-Ducts with Equal Friction. Heat. asJrVeat., 36, March 1939. . Part III. Elbows and Miscellaneous Resistances. Heat, and Vent., 36, 51-53, April 1939. Part IV. Duct Layouts. Seat, and Vent., 36, 48-50, May 1939. Part# V and VI. Fan laws and Fan Selection. Heat, and Vent., &> 44-45, June 1939; 64-66, July 1939. Fundamental Factors in the Dssiff" ing. Feb. 1936. Trhuugt Systems. T.F. Hatch. Meehan. Engineer Fundientels Relating to the Design end Operation of Exhaust Svst^s. T.J. Hatch at 2-- American Standards Exhaust Code Committee No. ASA-29. Americen Standards Assoc., New Torfc, 1936* Rafsraaces on Erh&ust Ventilation - 3 Industrial Dust Control Through 2aeh-* gygtjaa. w.o. Vedder. Craft Press, Inc., Fayetteville, Pa., 1536. Industrial lusts and Their Control. T.F. Hatch. Safety Engineering. ST, 26, June 1934. Low Velocity Exhaust Systeas. T.F. Hatch. Hwat. and Tent., 37, 27-30, Oct. 1940. How To ^h*uat goods far Suaytg Sall&Vallfr; J8eat.~and Teat.. 37. 23. Methods for Finishing. 9 i. Operations. 2.C. Riley and J.M. 40. ` A.D. Brandt, Sc.D. Metal Cleeai; s Modem Methods Prochat. Staub, No. 6, 249^'^u&'~l938. Operation and Piping and Screen Dust Collectors. ^W.Po-Jcrry. Heating, PhysiqdOrt&fcfaa for the Orw Industry. H.L. Green; , 1933. Prevention of Silicosis Thro Dept, of Labor, 1933. 1* Bulletin No. 21, Part 2. U.S. Practical Design a* ftrhatist an' lishlngCo., Inc. New York E.W. Faralora. Edwin A. Scott Pub- Principles or arrange .S. Public Health Service, 1939. Profits in Air 1940. d Tent., 37. 39-40, June Prafita^Tamr^Ford Motor Co. C. Strock. Seat^awbVcntt^&?. 32-38, June 1940. .> m in Air: Woodworking Plants. T.F. Hatch; SfcjirNbrtappti\ Heat, and Tent., rias#' 53-3e, Feb. 1940. rjx; ^ - Progress in Industrial Sanitation with Special Refereac^tc^tha Control of Industrial Dust. T.F. Hatch! Aa.Jour.of Pub.Hoalth. 27. 671-679. July-1937. Protecting Plant Manpower-PrerantiTe Measures. Theodore No. 3, Page 13, N.S. Dept, of Labor, Dir. of Labor Standards* pecial Bulletin Recent Dust Sihauat Apparatus. F. Prockat. Stoub. Mo. 6, 249-28^ X937. Raaoval of Dust and Fiaaes; New Departures. C.W. Price. Tiaes Trade and Eng., 42, Ife. 888,Factory Welfare Sect. PJC. Feb. 1938. The Size and Frequency of Industrial Dust. J.J. Blooafield, U.S. Pub. Health Reports, 48. 9a, 1933. Studies in the Design of T^eei Hoods. J.M. DallaValle; TJT. Hatch. Trans. Ab. Soc. Mach. Engr. 54, 31-37, July 1932. References on Exhaust Vsntilatioa - 4 TantatlTe Code of Becoaaanded Practices for Testing and Measuring Air Flow in Bthauat Swfc--. j.h. Allan, Chr., lad* Hygiene Codas Conn. Am. Poundrymena Assoc* A.?.A* Reprint Kb* 3427 Velocity Qw^^erlstica of goods under Suction. J.M. DallaVelie. Heating, Piping and Air Coad., 4, 370, 1S32. . When la Oust Control Effective? Dec. 1935* J.J. Blocoftfeld. National Safety News* 32-.17. AND PORTABLE G8E1DING s ^ &> cal Control of Dust. F.7. SraTftlife^^La. Stato Control of 50*32, Practice Bulletin Mo. 13, hs* Mill It factory*>J^SlS-48. July 1936 -- 19. Dona* 7, 30, Not. U, I960* Grinding and Sanding Castings n Age* 146* 31, Sept* 12, 1940* Portable Hand Grinders, foundry Mutual Ins. Co., , Mo* 1, June 1939* Tentative Code: of m*n Sanitations J.R. Assoc* ReprlaX. 34*284 ia*r-5yg. ; 1936* nat Polishing, and Buffing SculpCom* A*f*A* An. foundrymen* 3 CSRAHTG^, in Industry. T.C, Angus* Industri 171*177, May 1938. Hazards and their Control In a Ceramic Industry* ^TfcC. Tour* Ind. Hyg. It Tax. 19, Mb* 1, Jan. 1937. and Donald Stewart. Dust Prerentlon and Elimination* Caranic Ind. 28, 299-3Q^Aprll 1937. watijon of Pont in a Porcelain Plant. AJC. Morris* Cer^fclnduatry, Jime 1939. How to Control Dust in Clay Plants. John M* Sane* Brick and C10^3Ucord. 91. 69*71, Aug. 1937. ^ Pi*rfe i^w***4bh f0r Pag* THiitutiftw. a.M. Morris* Proceedings of ths Ceramic Section, B1t. Safety It Hygiene Ind. Con. of Ohio, April 18, 19, 20 aadaaifln of Working Booths to Reduce Dust Counts* Ceramic Ind* 32, 60, Jan. 1939. Reduce Oust Counts to a Minimal with Rcdesiaicd Booths* . Ceramic Ind* 30, 68*70 April 1938* What*a ths Beat War to Rnore Dust? Coramie Ind* 34, 69*66, 68, 70 , 72, 74, 76, 78 April 1940* References on Exhaust Ventilation - 5 WGNDRY ABC* 3 of Industrial Duat Control. Roy ?. Warren. Occup Hazards and Safety. 1. 8-LQ, -'uly 1939 -- U-13, Aug. 1939 -- 1, 1*-18, Sept. 1939, The Application of_guat Control Prlncinlas to Foundry Operations. R.R. Meigs. Second New England Regional Foundry Conference, MJb.T. April 8, 1938. Calcimine And Good Souaekeonine. Fraa^5fc. 'einbach. The foundry Magazine. 64 A Case 2is April, 1939. Hazards and Safety. ^ Cleaner Air for Duat Collect! Dust CedS^Vmn Needs 32, Duat Collection 191-208, 1935. Tones. National Safety New#^5ettfe^l934. Foundrymen* s Aaso&^$ep&nt 35-22. G. National Safety News. 42, Fotadryaen's Aasoc. ^ Duat Concentration Bulletin. N.Y. State ; C.2. Williams; B.O. Dolln. Xnd. eb. 1939. Duet Control in Foundnta^^V 366-272 Prod^/Sth All Ohio Safety Congress. )> Duat Coatro^^StnOToundrT. C.A. Snyder. \^tsl 13 52> 349-350, July 1937. Duat the Foundry Industry. J.D. L< . Mimeographed pan phl^ro^p. Dir. Xnd. Hygiene, Ontario Dept, o: to, Ontario, Canada. V ^V0> W?N ontrol: Silicosis Prerention. 7erne A. 2lamer* Brtaraw) Alumina Foundry. . 40, Hot. 9, 1940.-- No* 41, Dec. 7, 1940 -- Feb. ^ The Duat Hazard in Foundriea. L.M. Merritt. Ohio Xnd. Ccs^ Monitor, July 1940 -- Occup. Hazards, 2, No. 11, 18-20, Sept. 1940?^) Tho`Exhaust of Foundry Sfrefeeon**- John M. Sana. Foundry SaTrap) Liberty Mutual Ins. Co. 3, No. 1, June 1939. \n> Smhauat Rocuireaeats for Foundry Duat Control. John M. Sane. Foundry Magazine. 66, 30-32, Jan. 1938. Foundry Duat Control. Foundry Safety. Liberty Mutual Ins. Co. ^ No. 2, June 1937. Foundry Duat Control Measures* T.F. Hatch. N.Y. State Dept, of Labor, Xnd. Bulletin. 17, 114-118, Mar. 1938. - The Foundry Duat ****** its Control* M.f Trice. Jour. Amerioan Pub. Health ASSOC., 30, 760-768, July 1940. Reftrencea on Schauat Ventilation - 6. Good 3auaakeeclng In the foundry* B.G. Matter. Aa. Foundrynen* a Aasoc. Good Ssuj. koopias Conference. Bepftnt 37-30; 34-38, 1937. Good Hsusakoeping; at Faiv- The Foundry Magazine* Feb., Mar. 1933. Good Hsusekeeslng In a Steel Foundry. J.2. turner. Safe Practice Bull. No. 69, Penaa. Dept, of Labor and lad* June 1941 -- Safety Engineering, 32, 11-14, Aug. 1941. Methods of <Dust Control. J.D. Leitch. Trfii. Aa. Feundrynon's Assoc. 43. 209-221 1935: <; *fe Dust. Boa3 ''9-51, Sopt. ^ The PecoTal of D$ Bulletin No. 61, , A. Van Vltsaiagen. Fact. Man. & Main._9& ^tLicmavts of Large Steel Castings. 3^fe^ itice t. of Labor and Xnd. 1941. the Reaoral of, Hazards. Caatlaa Three Crane tanner. Occup. era Aaaoc., 29 S. LaSalle Kan. * Main. 7, 79-80, Mar. 1939. * Main. 93. 83, Sept. 1937. Bulletin No. 1373, ______ _________________________________ _ >ratorlee, National Safety Council. 1924. _ __ * v_ _ ttee of Underwriters "" GSAUXtX QTTTING Control of the Sllicoaia Hazard in the Hard Rock Industries -- ^Laboratory Study of the Design of Duet Control System for tJse with Pneiaatlc Grna^trtnttjng tools. T.F. Hatch; Philip Drinker; Sarah P. Choate. lour. Xnd. Syg. fc toz. 12. No. 3, p. 75, Mar. 1930. Dust Cont*i- t. Prices for and Vent., 37, 41-45, June 1940. Pwhw ttaeia- W.C.L. Hmon. Heat, Duat Control in tba QtthTadwtar. Y.C.L. HAeon* Beat, end Vent., 7, 41-45, Aug. 1940. ' Duat Control in the Oral** T^,,*try. Jo2a D. Lotted. Jour. Xnd. 2yg. h toz., 18, Mo. 10, Dm. 1936. References on Exhaust Ventilation - 7. Ormnium T)mt Control- I- ^*"^9g Egfaeii** rUttlOB. M. BonditCh, Dir., MaSS. Dept, of Labor sad Industries, DIt. of Occupational Hygiene, May 1936. Requirements for Pm* Control in Stone Cuttiaf. T.P. Hatch; W.3. Harris* H.Y. State lad. Bullatla, 18, 379-381, Deo. 1939. A Study of Efficiency of g*oval Systems In Granite Cutting Plants. U.S. Public Health Reporta, 44, 2505-2522, Oct. 1929. Ventilation. la tho Granite Industry. Ho. 3, M*CaM939. *J. Urban* Jour. lad. Syg. k Tox. ng Machines k Abrasive Bleating* W.C coHcsnsunoH operations CatcMng-1 y fronts HMper^yi^ O.C. Ralaton;_tfX^gxle7* U.S. Bureau of Mines lSfcr*>6n InTeatig^idhs, 3ffi^l941* Punt: Ite 8rae. Contral G. 2. lynch. Min. k Met* 19 el Reference to Surface Pleats. Dust Control in Large Scale Ore Inst* Min. k Met* Bagr. T.P. Derations* Robert T. Bring. Am. 4, Sept. 1940. Dust Control at the Hell: stltute of Mining .op* Trans. The Canadian In- Dust Control i Derations* J.T. M^rt^re. - 1937- Ch<*. Min. it Met. Soc. So. m-nA Min<w||. 2.W. Engelaaim."^ k Manama.. 3&36, Jan. 1940. the Dust Problsn. F.W.* Ortaaa, Jr. Safatl^^^ineSM^s 73. 13-16, Apr. 1936. TAME TOfTILAIiaH Health Hazards in Chrcnim Plating. J.J. Blocasfield; la* sim^Public Health Report* 43. 2330, 19857*-------------------------~ Control of Chroaic Acid Miste froa Plating Tanks* 2.C. Riley; t^L Goldman. Public Health Reports, 52. 172, 1937* a He* Data for Practical Design of Ventilation for ZLectropiatins. W.P. Battista; Theodore Hatch; Leonard Grcenburg. Heating, Piping and Air Cond., 52, So* 2* PP* 3i* 85, Tab. 1941* ' Ventilation of Allen D. Braait. lad. Med., ], Ho. 7, July 1941.-- lad. 9yg. Section, 2, section 3. References on Exhaust Ventilation - 8 factors la tha Design of Lateral gy*au** 3oodt fay iaduatri*1 Leslie SilTermaa. Jour. lad. Hyg. it Tox. 23. No. S. May 1941. -- Safe Operation of Degreasing Tanks using Trlchlorethyleae. W.B. Harris; C.8. Ford; ?.A. Patty; T.F. Hatch. Aa. Jour. Pub. Health, 29. 603, 1939. Trichlorethylene Oe^reeainff Tanka and Their Safe Operation. ff.B. Harris; C.B. Ford; ?.A. Patty; T.F. Hatch. Industrial Bull.^KY. State Dept, of Labor, 18, 132-134, Mar. 1939. . s~C Veatilatihaoof a Tricaorethylea^ftigreager. V.B. Witheridge; H.T. Walworth. cfToukV ladTlw. *3^*. aajjSS,i* Ventilation o&faae F.W. Sands; P. Tanka Using Chlorinated Hydrocarbo lad. Hyg. fc Tox. 20, 401, 1938. * \t Essentials of W.P. Battle 1940. _<Q< uat Hoods Based upon 0 Labor Industrial eats. T.F. Hatch; 19. 119, May, June Industrial Hygiene Foundation 4400 Fifth Avarua Pittsburgh, Penna. Abstract of raport on "A Plan for Protecting Health of Top Executives." by ^r ft. ft. Jones, Medical Officer, Bell Telephone Company of Pennsyl vania, at sixth annual seating of Industrial Hygiene Foundation held at Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh, Mot! Ill 1941* Our problem in a service organlgOLon is not how to get sen-power, but on the contr ~ to know how well our n^S>ill 1bold up--how well it is going to. wor<. % hysical potentialities of all our to' supervise tested aeons that can be brought to. hands of well-coordinated endeavor, atj to give to '' positive appraisal ot^^btiSezrcs At the request the Foundation's *edi|ilwBaittfee, I an announcing endeavor in the fo)Apvwoutline. knoim tea is 11 health4 therefo plated we tion, in < sent that found, it so as to aa'ce should cover all how well his patient equate, because good fro** disease. We, a record so that when coa, on each jhnse of th examinaa negative opinion such os a state n, too, if serious lapalmcnte ore for the examinee, his own physician, ufltion of the examination. supervisory group of the covered: croseopiecl study of th the differential (Dare Heaaglobinometar 3* Wasseraan - Kahn blood tast. 4* Blood chemistry to compute nitrogerirtt1 nitrogen; Creatia; Sugar; and Chlorides in form of Sodi^ 5* Teleoroantgenogrca of chest with size, using the ttagerlelder and Clark Standards* ora of non-protein ride. its of heart to age end 6* Electrocardiographic Tracing. SECOSD STAGS: (Generally one week later.) Physical explanation with record of Family History, Past Personal History, Present Personal History (habits); this physical examination is made by the physician with the guidance of the labora tory reporta. It la also stipulated that if any points in the examination at this stage develop, the training physician oust provide for the further indicated studies and have them completed before going into the noxt succeeding step* This is done carefully and is added to the* record in detail on fora provided* THIRD STAGEt The examining physician, then being In possession of all the accumulated data, is required to write a summary as he sees tha case, and then pre sent it to another associate of the staff for review and consultation. Following this, an expression of conclusion is agreed upon, and so writtaa into the report. The examinee is now called back for a report of his record* Dr. Jones -- 2 This final report is interesting. It is not being given at all in the negative fashion of assurance to the patient by his friend and advisor - his doctor. It is being given in the positive winner as that which his examination has developed in comparison rith the accepted averages. Ho detail of the examination is omitted. Explanation i3 offered as to aethods used in the laboratory for these various exami nations. Every effort is aide to gain the interest of the qen, not alone in the result, but in the method, always being careful to give a fair construction to the variables one must expect to find. le final expression is neve never an tent, bu^t, rather a r%i By way of express to disease ftde^ln any Serblance to a superlative - " ted as "a reasonable state of health endeavor to confer no guarantee or definite for his evaluatid remedial medicine scope of the e: ndings that in our judgment we feel to only advise that he see hi ` treatment. 7c feel that we sboufi center into .uefc our work on a researchists Such is the divid ted, we ^teralned to briri under wenmi nation for a pers) m the proper evaluation to be the evaluation, with the eaplo; agreed upon, to his superior nan, in the interest of the only approx! od executives, *coas any ;ent when the case warren- physician of the can tiona found, and discussion of Than when finally agreeing on g the recommendation, previously recommendation of what to do for the I con report of aMl^hbthee^&Me from a Company standpoint alone it has been helpful. UeM^ppencd eaong such sr^snhll group of top son that wc were able to dQaonst9ttao&"^eir indivldua~Mtis&e$ion several with either bed hearts, or ootontif|tor^Ba, but not one to't^Jlwee^&we it was thought wise to insist that thg^nQddualf s cose bo rcviewe^y^Ms smalor. . the Superior of this vrous fa^rofiferWrt^this general-over-all pictwe^S'9e clear, end a recommendation of wj^j^odiei^wjyisor for additional PO|s4b1a3 share the general load was readily agrhe^jto. one of the first Ww5r4ached and the chief of this depertaent has^^ccitteo^^self to ne as not g ^pueing satisfied that it was a wise move--but he relies hfedacrease in what ght be temed "production," to justify the expend!ture^guired. Finally this question is asked--what does it individual to know not only that he is in a reasonable state of health, ot rates in various tests? tfy only answer at this tiae is how ths reports have beef^Teceived First of all, the top can takes the examination, is satisfied with the so*^,aad routine and manner of reporting. He voluntarily expressed his appreciation tfSjpto department heads and their staffs. Dp to this tiae I can only report on approximately 100 examinations completed. Hot In one case (they have not all been happy reports) heve I found a disinterested individual. I have heard only commendation for the Company in instituting the procedure, end my associates and I have been embarrassed by the compliments. WWwlTiirHWHnwWWxWP