Document GKeMjeKkxNKyZV6mx8MkqMLwv
624:
CHAPTER 27
1955 Guide
- . Table 6. Pipe Fittings
Elbows
90, 60,45 &22} Standard 90 & 45 Street
90 & 45" Female union 90 & 45 Butt-welding
90 & 45 Flanged
90 Side outlet
90 side Outlet rolling
Base
,
90 & 45 Male union
'90 & 45 SocketTwelding 90" Roiling - Drop
Tees ''Standard
Flanged Female union Flanged base Railing -
Service Flanged side outlet Female union outlet Butt-welding
Side outlet.railing
Four-way . Male union Flanged reducing Socket-welding Drop
Couplings Wrought
Cast
Socket-welding ;
Crosses Screwed :
Flanged
` Butt-welding
Y-Bends 45 Screwed
45 Flanged
45 Double screwed True flanged
Return Bends Butt-welding '
Back outlet
Screwed
Union end
Reducers Standard Butt-welding
Eccentric Socket-welding
Flanged taper Eccentric butt
welding
Flanged eccentric
Bushings Outside hexagon
Eccentric
Face
Caps Standard
Socket-welding
Butt-welding
Plugs Countersunk
Square head
Bar
Nipples Close
Long
Tank ;
1
Unions Female
Male & female
Flange
Tongue & groove flange
Flanges Blind
. Floor
Screwed Slip-on
Welding neck Reducing
fitting to be used is determined by the pressure of the fluid being carried; or by the use of the pipe fine. The materials generally used.hre steel, cast iron, malleable iron (heat treated cast iron), copper, brass, stainless steel, alloy steely or bronzeJ The material used also depends upon the pressure or characteristics of the fluid.
` Fittings.are designated and sized in accordance with American Standards Association specifications and are identified by their nominal pipe sizes.
In the case of reducing tees, crosses, and Y-branches (laterals), the size of the largest run opening is given first, followed by the size of the opening at the opposite end of the run. Where the fitting is a tee or Y-branch (lateral), the size of the outlet is given last. Where the fitting is a cross, the largest.-side-outlet opening is the third dimension given followed by
Pipe, Fittings, Welding
i-
F\
4x3x2 TEE
4x4x2. T-BRANCH
r
4x3*2 Y-BRANCH
625
4
4*4x22 CROSS
4
443*2 CROSS
4
4*3*2*|x CROSS
Fig. 1. Description op Tees and Laterals (ASA B16.3--1951)
the opening opposite. The straight line sketches, Fig. 1, illustrate how the reducing fittings are designated.
Where an external thread is wanted the word male follows the size of that opening.
Allowable.pressures for solder type fittings are given in Table 7. Allow able pressures for ferrous screwed, flanged, and welding fittings are covered in the following .45.4 specifications:
Type op Fitting
Specification .
Saturated Steam Pressure frig
Cast Iron--Flanged.............. Cast Iron--Flanged............................. Cast Iron--Flanged............................. Cast Iron--Flanged (refrigeration).' Cast Iron--Screwed............................. Malleable Iron--Screwed................... Malleable Iron--Screwed. ................. Brass or Bronze--Screwed................. Brass or Bronze--Screwed................. Steel--Flanged . .......... ..........
B16.1 B16b B16bl B16.16 B16.4
B16.3 B16.19 B16.15 B16.17 B16.5
125
250 800
300 125 and 150
150 300 125
250 2500:
for
Pressure may reduce with increasing sizes. saturated steam. Higher pressures may be
This pressure is the maximum allowed allowed with lower temperatures.
in
thia
specification
Steel welding (butt or socket type) fittings may be used for the same pressure as the pipe, providing wall thickness (or schedule number), and / also the material, are the same as the pipe on which they are used.
Screwed fittings include: couplings, elbows (45 or 90), return bends (close and open), tees, crosses, laterals (Y-branches), plugs, caps, lock buts, flanges, bushings, and reducing fittings (elbows, tees and couplings), deducing fittings and bushings may be eccentrically tapped to permit drainage of condensate.
Sometimes nipples are erroneously called fittings. Actually a nipple is a piece of pipe less than 12 in. long that has been threaded on both ends, rt.pe 12 in. or longer is regarded as cut .pipe. Nipples are classified, as