Document GKQzZB7jEK6B9keqgrKmLwKYq
PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT
ST 003060U
/> ?o RESULTS OF SURVEY OF PIPE COVERERS1 EXPOSURES FOR THE 8-HOTJF DAY TO ASBESTOS AND
.EJ-BERGLAS. .C-ON.TAINING .DUSTS
. PRESENT.HEALTH STANDARD (THRESHOLD LIMIT
VALUE) FOR ASBESTOS
..........................................................
5 MPPCF
PROPOSED HEALTH STANDARD (THRESHOLD
LIMIT VALUE) FOR ASBESTOS
...............................................
2 MPPCF
HEALTH STANDARD (THRESHOLD OMIT VALUE) FOR FIBERGLAS ..............................................................................
15 MPPCF
EXPOSURES TO ASBESTOS-CONTAINING DUSTS (INDOORS) . ................................................................................. 4. 9 MPPCF
EXPOSURES TO ASBESTOS-CONTAINING DUSTS (OUTDOORS).........................................................................
4.2 MPPCF
EXPOSURES. TTOlFTBERGLAStOONTAINING
DUSTS (INDOORS) - .........................................................................
0. 5 MPPCF
EXPOSURES TO FIBERGLAS-CONTAINING
DUSTS (OUTDOORS) ........................................................................
0.4 MPPCF
397547
brecdt
T (W^
HAY 2 7 19S> o.oj.
Biochawlcal Research. Department THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY
Notea ilelb.
JUN 20 1955
SUBJECT*.. RESULTS* QP~ AIR ANALYSIS. MADE-*-
WHILE Minna ASBESTOS VINYL: floor: TILE.
FilerT2-. 1-1-32 -4) Chg. 1219 Rec'A 10-23-54-
Pin'd 5-5-55 Work S.. R. Johann Rep't .- &..R~ Johann.
ST0030577
Checked Date.
{J-& s~-z.c-srsr"
Ray McDonald. 433 Bldg. Ralph Hand, 433 Bldg. S. M. MacCutcheon, 401 Bldg. H. H. Oay, M.D., 607 Bldg.
7H(S RfORr IS THE PROPERTY OF
THE DCW CHi.V.iCAL rnr.'r'ANY
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Air analysis showed that the presence of air borne materials near the operators was of sufficient concentration to create a health hazard, for repeated, eight hour exposure. The present equipment should be equlped with local exhaust ventilation If it is planned to operate.continuously on this, material.
Sufficient quantities of lead were found In the air samples In two of. the operations^ such..that blood, .lead-analyses..were > thought necessary; The~results of the blood-lead analyses showed the men had not been exposed for long enough periods of time to result in excesslre exposure to lead.
397447
.*<v Biochemical Hesmaroh Dept. T2.1-1-32 Pag* 2.
PRESENTATION OP DATA
During the processing of experimental formulations of asbestos vinyl tile, ft-was-belelved'a health hazard--existed* due* to- the1 (lustiness of the. dry Ingredients used. The Industrial Rpgiene; Laboratory was asked to Investigate this hazard.
The 23rd of December 1954, samples were- taken of the*air while the men were operating - the different- pleceer of- mixing- equipment on the 3rd floor of 433 building.
The amount of dry.metarialxfound- initber alxr during:: the different mixing operations was. such.-that.. If these operations, mere. run. on-. . a continuous basis a health hazard would exist. Any further large scale work should be done with improved ventilation. This ventilation should Include exhaust ventilation hoods over each piece of equipment and the dry mixing with the Electric mixer In the laboratory should be done In an approved hood.
The .majority of.dry. materials in- the air: was assumed, to be v; asbestos fibers and calcium carbonate. No specific tests were made at the time of sampling to determine the amount of each present. The two materials are reported as Inerts. Any future work with this or similar material should be checked for the amount of asbestos a the.air. An excess,.that Is.more than 5 million particles per.cubic foot at air,* Is a health hazard., for repeated eight boor.exposures -- ..
Owing to the presence of lead-organic compounds in the dry mixtures, it was deemed necessary to have blood lead. analyses made. on. the., men concerned; The examinations showed" the5 Wood lead*1 level 'was - low. The men have not suffared any ill effects because they have operated the equipment for short periods of time only. Continuous eight hour operation would constitute a health hazard. This information la. shown in Tabls I.
397448
ST0030578
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6 /Q n rn n ic
fit*
Blochem-tetl Research Dept. . T2.1-1-32 Page 3
The amount of material found in the air aa solid inert material, assumed, to. be. calcium carbonate. and. asbestos* is shown. in. T^ble tt, along with the samples .that mere analyzed Tor metals..
TABLE I Blood, lead..content-of. men working' with 4tabeatoa - vinyl tile:
Name
Clock No.
Mg. Pg per 100 cc Blood
a Samples drawn, 3-7-55
Recorded, 4-4-55
0.024 0.024 0.016 0.08
397449
Biochemical Research Dept
T2.1-1-32
Page. 4
TABLE II
Sample Ho. 1
2 3 4
5 6
7
Locatlon of Sample_____________
AnalysisConcentrate
ST00305BO
Han. was mixing a batch of vinyl- pb
asbestos tile on a differential
cd
speedr2 roll.mill. Sample taken. Inert
about. 2- feet, above the., hot. rolls. ^ ..
(285*F. * 235-JV) Odor of coconut-
oil present. Asbestos fibers
could be seen In the #lr for r
few ainutes.
Same operation as Sample #1,
a different formulation used. No odar-of coconut, oil* Fumes? , or steam could be seen rlalng from the rolls.
dd Inert
Breathing zone sample of the operator while he was running
a third batch of material on the same machine as in Samples 1 & 2. Man stated the odor was strong and disagreeable.
Ba cd
Inert
Same aa sample #3 but included cleaning the rolls after the run. Different formulation than
in Sample #3.
Pb Ba Cd. ..
Inert
Blending dry ingredients in a
Inert
Baker-Perkins mixer. CaCOj being
added to dry vinyl plus stabilizer.
No asbestos fibers added at this
stage. Material became plastic
after mixing.
Same mixing operation aa above
Inert
but as the asbestos fiber is added.
The material already in the mixer"'
was soft. This and sample #5 are
done about 20 runs per day when
doing this particular experiment
about. IQ.mln. ^xer run...
Breathing -zone of-the operator'on the Bandbury Mill, as he added.the dry filler material (asbestos & CaCO?) to the molten mixture of
vinyl. Dry filler material was visible In the air for several minutes but was dlss&pated by the
room ventilation,operation'takes about 3 Bln*
Inert' '
3.47 <.66
102. 00.
.66
.00
4.00
if
66
00
4.`p
kb
50.00
0.00
66;00'
397450
Biochemical Research test T2.1-1--32.. Fg 5
Sample Wo. 8
Location of Sample
Analysis
Sample taken, in. the.,lab. while the operator was. mixing dry Ingredients in a "Kitehen-
aid* electric elxerv This' Is done, about 10 tlaee a day.-* ...
Inert
Industrial Hygiene* Standard*-^
for repeated eight hour exposures.
Ba Cd Inert
Concentrat. JSL24.20
0.15 0.50 0.10 15.00
ST003058I
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397451
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ST003Q58U
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MR. um____ _____
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397454
SAILING MSTNOO
JNDUSTRIAL HYGIENE SAMPLE RECORD
ranmrr
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1 f33
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description
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397455
INDUSTRIAL. HYGIENE SAMPLE RECORD
SAMPLE
& S~
/
DESCRIPTION
22... 4m
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T1ME
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CONCENTRATION
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397456
p*oai.c TAI-I-St-__________
MOL. WT.
CALCULATIONS RECORD
MATS*UL dk f'J'-S-'-*
mnmc 1
31-/-1 o
EXPLANATION OP CALCULATION*
P/ '
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______________________________________
SAMPLE
/
TIME
S. VOL.
' ANALYSIS
%./!.
CONC
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397457
jT0: S. Johann ii
THI DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY
MAIN LAlOtATOtY
REPORT SHEET
p*t PatriarT
1955________
__ SSRMAIM LA*. MUMtCI 208-446
---- ' 1219-26
YOU* MUMSC*1-5
waaerm_______i1mipphTi -ghm maWny -g-Invl til* '_____________________
ANALYSES 0* TEST:
Sample
.1 2 3 4 5
P.P.li. per Sample
Pb Ba Cd
5.2 . nil
1.0
all ail ' -<L 1.0
nil 6 1.0
2.2 11 < 1.0
7.4 11 < 1.0
Inert
154 140
24 nil nil
ST0030588
T------- JL
U Till fWZB___ J. .A. Jtoadr
397458
ST00 30589
V
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___________ _ .
.. .._
3.
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j*____ 1
3*_3L._- .._. . ...
__________ _
t, 4j< /<g^> <?. 75 AS ...
.
/?* 3 ______ . . .
397459
4
or c: oc a cn vo a
397460
ABSTRACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE UAXA .(CHEMICAL AGENTS)
P
Ct*S
Tak.en From Report (Number)~^JLaCl ^
_______ Survey Date A2 / >23!
Chemical Surveyed/'/lJstU7Z
S^tJjdf4&vrt Date:, - A ' <<
K-Number Designation __
Personnel Designation: Department Name*
j jtLi LU-L/JL4.rr/J7\J r !'Ju '. ias/> r ,
Department Index Number*___________ -7 9 "V Q
Division/Plant Location
/L / // / ,/V^"
Process Namee
f L<1j*
Type of Procseessssf /.Labo^htory Scale | \s'\ .. Mini-Plg&t I j Seal-Plant |
Full Production
Other [ ' 1 Specify _______
______________________
Location of Process (Building Numbers)
-/?? J'l/sJ^4,-
Job Classification Designation*
Name
; Index Number
Estimates of Exposure Parameters
T.W.A.
Sample Range
High
Low
Nbr.of Samples
V't?> (r.
/^,0
L
ST003Q59I
Type of Sampling: Area I ^ I
Continuous I 1 ___ Breathing Zone DE?"
Units of -Measurement: PPM by Vol. I I
Mg/M3 I lA'
H of Par tides/cu. ft. I I
Other | 1
Specify_____________________________ ______________________
"Did process changes occur either since.the last environmental survey or within the last -two years which could have significantly affected exposure levels?
If "Yes", please specify.
Other Stresses "Present. {Chemical, Physical)L
/ ::/7// J/7Y Cl;?/ ;
^ ^ LAV ??l---------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------
As shown on official Personnel "Lists 6-22-71
397461
ABSTRACT OF .ENVIRONMENTAL .EXPOSURE. HAIA . (-CHEMICAL AGENTS)
Taken From Report (Number)^
Ld-zJLL
Survey Date /~- f ^2 3 /
Chemical Surveyed
* cL__w-C
K-Number Designation
Rgp-Ort: Date:
y - ^S
Personnel Designation: Department Name*
Kf.
Department Index Number* _______________________
Division/Plant Location "
t
tru ;l/ y
/________
'
AjL-/.L**Sslsl_
y
~
ST0030592
Type of Sampling: Area i 1/ I
Continuous I I
Rpeathing Zone i
. Units of Measurement: .PPM by Vol. 1~~1
Mg/M3 1 W
H of Particles/cu.ft. I
Other H33-
Specify .
--7c
I
Did process changes occur either since the last environmental survey or within the last two years .which .could 'have.'significantly affected exposure levels? _ If "Yes'', please specify.
Other Stresses Present'(Chemical, Physical)-: /VZ/yZ/W
*As shown on official Personnel Lists 6-22-71
397462
-ABSTRACT -OF -EMVI11QMMEMTAL. EXPOSURE.*DAXA -(OiEMLGAL ACEHTS)
Taken From Report (Number) / -/ -
-___________ Survey Date /.3- /
1
Chemical Surveyed '^taA^Usrri__ ^_____________ Report Date: .'T-
K-Number Designation
Personnel Designation: Department Name*
Department Index Number* Division/Plant Location
J^lLl4JUJ4lJ + CsA.Jl 'jstt
_______________ __________________ _
A/fit nf)L ^
ssr ~
Process ilaae V2h /'j ns? f7*)A / a
Type. of.Proceessss;: /Laboratory -Scale I
. Mini Plant I
Full Production
Other 1 I Specify
Location of Process (Building Numbers) s/j*-?
(X - Semi-Plant
L.
Job Classification Designation*
Name
; Index.Number
Estimates of Exposure Parameters
T.HJL -
Sample Range Low
Nbr. of Samples
V, 0
ST-0030593
Type of Sampling: Area I
Continuous (.. 1
Breathing Zone f '-'"t"''
Units of Measurement: PPM by Vol. f I
Mg/M3 GE3" H of Particles/cu.ft. [ I
Other | 1
Specify_________________________________________________
Did process changes occur either since the last environmental survey or within the last -two years, which could 'have significantly/affected, exposure levels? _ If ''Yes'*, please specify.
Other Stresses Present (Chemical,.-Physical):
As shown on official Personnel Mats 6-22-7,1
397463
ABSTRACT S ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE DATA (CHEMICAL AGENTS)
Taken From Report (Number)_____ Chemical Surveyed f'/Lds'n'UALvn. K-Number Designation ______________ _
Survey Date /^Xl
Rgnort Date: - ,
/ -*/
Personnel Designation: Department Name* Department Index Number* _________ / Division/Plant Location
S/n XaL/LAs>A `SK)/SiA^sjSk^
Process Name
UfstlAjf
y?LLi-
Type.of. Process.:. Laboratory-Scale ) \S\ . -Mini-Plant j -'jSemi-Plant |
Full Production [h^tXf' Other j' j Specify
Location of Process (Building Numbers) g/S^
sX
j
Job Classification Designation*
Name
..Index. Number
r
1
L-'*'
Estimates of Exposure Parameters
T.H.A.
Sample Range
High
!
Low
Nbr. of Samples
r3 ..
. .. .
STQ03.059U
-
L -------------
Type of Sampling: Area 1 ^" Continuous I I
Breathing Zone I L^'
Units of Measurement: PPM by Vol. I i
Mg/M3 1
H of Particles/cu.ft. (~ f
Other | 1
Specify ____________________________
Did process changes occur either since the last environmental survey or vithin the last -'Two years which.-could have significantly affected exposure levels?
If "Yes", please specify.
Other Stresses Present '(Chemical, Physical): _
A/l) /las?/?/,_+-
(7*1 ,
--<----------------------------------------------------- ----------------------
*Ab shown on official Personnel Lists 6-22-71
397464
ST 0030595
Use t.his form for historical data only.
Page
Industrial Hygiene Chemical Exposure Data Enfry Log Field Survey TWA Exposure And Excursion Exposure Data
of ^
Report no. cP, / ~ / - 33-/ hh 5
Hate L35ij
Building no.,
Index no.
Units of Data m.
Respirator Worn?
Master no.
Chemical Name
_ CArl-miu^j
Job Classification
J.h U- DR ttnQOOA DM Q_! 9% A
(Q.jpZh/lXM.
TWA/Exc.
TWA/Exc.
-O.ip Ay ,._D /<a6
fl
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l z lz
f lz
Z
7
f7 zz
7
Z 397465
Use this form for historical data only.
Page &L of 2.
Industrial Hygiene Chemical .Exposure JData Entry log Field Survey TWA Exposure And Excursion Exposure Data
96S0C00JS
Report no. 3. /
Date /JdrC,
/'`Building-no. Units of Data
4C3>v3 /^7
Index, no. Respirator Worn?
Master no.
Job Classification
Job No.
: Chemical Name
(ttlAJA ILC/m
DR# DR#
TWA/Exc.
TWA/Exc.
crnM.
336-755
O Z-9,9
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7
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7
7
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ZZL 397466
Z
1_______
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V7
Biochemical Research laboratory
OFFICE COPY The Dow Chemical Company
FEB 071958
EVXIOATIOM OP'CHKMOIIMPOSOHES
RECEIVED BY
OF
COATINGS TECHNICAL SERVICE,
433 BUILDING
. Pile: T6.1-1is f)
Chg.: 1219 Date: 1-22-58 By: J. E. Peterson
<5S0C00i&
.PROBLEM
THIS REPORT IS THE PROPERTY OF
THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY
Recently,
has become 111. The Environmental Research
laboratory was requested to determine chemical exposures received
by him, and to assess these data.
CQMCinSIOHS
1. Exposures to airborne materials during the formulation, mixing, and calendering of vinyl asbestos tile In 433 Building
-wesw^ewaloafced. on 12-23-54. and.cn l-l&!-58.. -Results of these ... evmlaatdjQps :Wre-jaaed".to assess ^exposures received by
'during"his"work with this material.
2. From December 1953 to December 1954
worked
with vinyl asbestos tile formulations, and In the course
of that work was occasionally exposed to somewhat excessive
concentrations of airborne .asbestos.
397467
ST0030598
Biochemical Research Laboratory T2.1-1-65 Page 2
taring ~thi* period r tlae-wxpoeure fto lead.occurred, bat. his blood lead level on 3-7-55 was only 0.024 mg./lOO cc. blood, a normal figure. Exposures to cadmium during this period were to airborne concentrations of VjO.7mg*.at intermittent periods. Mo effect is expected aaa result of these exposures.
3. Prom the first part of 1955 to late 1956
worked
mostly with latex in concrete, and exposures to vlnyl-asbesto
tile ingredients were reduced accordingly.
4. Prom the last part of 1956 until the present he has been
working with vinyl-asbestos tile formulations in a supervisory
.capacity. During .this , work he was probably exposed a maximum
of 1-2 days per week airborne, dust:, concentrations of less
than 3 wppcf of a. material analyzing 20-30^ ^asbestos, less
than
-wad-about. 0,02^. cadmium. No effect can be
5. If
dirricdlty is the result of chemical exposure,
the c*usitive agent xs unknown at present. Further air analyses
are to be made during a time when chlorinated polyethylene
is used as the resin binder in the tile formulations.
397468
0030599
Biochemical-Research -laboratory T2.1-1-65 Page 3
' ' FRgSHfTATIOir OP DftTA
has been ill with a lung difficulty, and overexposure to chemicals encountered during the formulation, mixing, and calendering of vinyl-asbestos tile formulations was suspected to be the cause of his illness. The Environmental Research Laboratory was requested to determine and evaluate his exposures.
On 12-23-54 an environmental survey , of the vlnyl^aabestos tile formulating operation was made by S. R. Johann; the results of this work were reported on 5-5-55 (Pile Number, T2.1-1-32). This survey found that air concentrations of "inerts" (asbestos plus calcium carbonate.), barium, and lead were too high for repeated 8^hour exposures, and even though exposures were not that prolonged, recosmended the Installation .of .local exhaust ventilation. Cadmium was determined In the air, samples, but In all cases the amount present was below the T-Tnit of sensitivity of the analytical technique employed/ leading -to air concentration figures of "less than"and ^leaa' than" 0.45 msg./m^.
As a result of this investigation .several changes were made.
First, the use of lead and barium compounds In the formulation
was sharply curtailed. Second, operational technlgnaw were
. changed so., that , each-batch was completely-formulated before
MiTing in the Banbury or Baker-Perkins machines, and mixing
these losed aaohlnes
always to be done prior to
397469
ST003060P
Biochemical Research laboratory T2.1-1-65 Page 4
Third, canopy 'hoods -were-Installed over the large 2-roll mill and over the calender, but not over the small 2-roll mill usually used for preliminary, compounding .of .these formulations. .Finally, the Building Products group recently moved into new quarters where a bench-type hood is always available to control dust from dry mixing.
In connection with the environmental survey of December 1954,
.
samples were taken for blood-lead determinations for the men
involved on this project.
. blood lead concentration
was found to be 0.024 mg./lOO cc. of blood, a normal figure,
indicating insignificant exposure to lead. The other two men
Involved also tad normal blood lead values.
On I-I5-58 a second environmental survey of the vinyl-asbestos
tile operations -was-sade, partly to assess the value of. indicated
- changes "'In reducing expos ares of personnel,'and Tartly to gain
^ more dnaigltt-vijrt.o: the'uchewica 1 vacpeaurea'that
-may
have received recently.
The ingredients used in vinyl-asbestos tile formulations have -dhered quite well to the seme basic recipe for over a year.
397470
Biochemical Research Laboratory 12.1-1-65 Page 5
STQ03060 I
The recipe is as follows: Material
Weight Ratio
Realn May be chlorinated polyethylene or resin 2716, the copolymer of 15^ vinylidene chloride, 85# vinyl chloride.
Dioctyl phthalate or trlcresyl phosphate
Monoplex S-38 An epoxldlzed oil purchased from Rohm and Haas.
Metasap 624 Contains cadmium laurate
Aluminium stearate
Paraffin wax
Lesiait -- Calcium oarbonate
No. 18 graining sand A very fine sand
Titanox RA50- Titanium dioxide
Asbestos shorts, type 7M
17.5
2.23
2.25
1.5 0.1 0.1 39.8 12.5 5.0 19.0
With the exception; of tlloctyl phthalate and anonoplex S-38,
which are Uiquida , all of these materials are dry-powders, and
normally are weighed into a stainless-steel jidxing.-bowl..in the
open. This operation takes about 3 minutes. The mixing bowl
is then placed under a mixer within a hood, mixed for a few
mnutes,'and then the two .liquids are added. -After.further mixing,
the batch (which Is still a .dry powder) la-poured into a paper
bag held within the hood.
397471
zo9oerinis
Biochemical Research laboratory T2.1-1-65 Page 6
When ..it *. Is done, '.weighing andblending' of the Ingredients- takes place at a maximum frequency of about 3-half-days per week; an average frequency is difficult to establish because two or three weeks.*.aaypass with no. activity in this area -at all. normally would be involved in about 10J6 of this work which is usually done by a lab technician.
Dry powder from the paper bag is poured directly into the BakerPerkins or Banbury mixer - usually the Banbury." -Here the.'jaaterlal is forced into a heated mixing chamber with an air-powered ram and is mixed for about two minutes. The resulting mass is semi plastic, and is removed (sometimes with difficulty) from the mixer and carried to the differential speed heated (200-300P.) 2-roll mill. On this mill it is further blended and occasionally marbilizing chips are added. Such blending may take from 2 or 3 minutes to a half-hour depending upon the difficulties encountered.
After.JbalqB^boroaBhty.:dxed-on'vthe'2-roXl mill the.plastic mass
'
* x .
is -carried*to the calender (basically a cooler heated. 2-roll mill)
a few feet away. Here the material is squeezed to a pre-determined
thickness by a pass through the . rcflls; `the surface of the-resulting
strip is improved by a second pass through this machine. The strip
of tile material is then cut into pieces of the' correct size for
testing .with a shear, TTca. Banbury mixer to finished .pieces of
tile may take from 15 minutes to an hour or so for a single h*-*"*1397472
ST0030603
Biochemical Research laboratory T2.I-I-65 Page 7
The'-maaclgram frequencynf-^frrlw Jofcl* shout 'the smae as for weighing and blending, 3 half-days per week, and again, an average -frequency, is. almost .Impossible to.establish. For. reasons of safety* two men alwayswork -together Is. these reparations;
has been associated with about 80$ of this work since the latter part of 1956.
On 1-15-58 several air analyses were made during vinyl-asbestos -
t
tile manufacture. Air sampling equipment used was the Baosch
and Lomb dust counting microscope and the electrostatic precipitator.
Results of these air analyses are presented In Table I. Samples
1-11 were taken with the B and L dust counting microscope and
the concentrations are expressed In terms of millions of particles
per cubic .foot of air. (mppcfSamples 12-14 were taken with
the electrostatic precipitator, and normally concentrations
would be-expressed ^as .milligrams ..of air contaminant per cubic
meter'^f alr
*th^amprlea'were unfortunately of
roo ,ahcrth asratlcsuhojQbtsln.welgtjable..quantities .of. dust.
397473
ST0030604
Biochemical .Research laboratory
T2.1-1-65 Page 8
Table I
Sample No.
Description
Dust Concentration, mppcf
1
An air sample taken directly over
. Most particles
a paper bag of dry materials shaken
^ 5#1 diameter,
to produce dust. This sample was
average about
mainly to establish the size range
2-3 J'
of the airborne particles.
2
Breathing zone sample as a paper
3.2
bag of formulation was dumped Into
the Banbury mixer.
C.
3
Sample of fume from the hot seml-
0.7
plastlc mass as it was withdrawn
from the mixer, not a breathing
zone sample.
4
Breathing zone of a man removing
1.0
the semi-plastic mass from the
Banbury mixer with steel picks.
5
Breathing .zone while working the
0.9
material on'the 2-roll mill.
6
Breathing-zone while working the
0.2
material on the 2-roll mill.
7 ...Breathing zone of .man as he put
0.7
the -material- through the calender.
' '^Breathing`gone while-catting the tile, .to uslze on the shear.
0.5
9 Room a lr In the office.
0.2
10 Breathing zone *of lab technician 1.4 as he added dry asbestos fiber to the mixing container on a scale in the laboratory.
397474
0030605
Biochemical Research laboratory T2.1-1-65
Page 9
Sample No. 11
12
13 14
Description _____
Dust Concentration, ________ MPPCF
.Iimnedlately outside of the bench hood where the dry.batch of .material was being adzed.
0.5
Length of Time of
Sample
Electrostatic precipitator sample in the breathing zone while formulation being mixed in the Banbury.
min.
Dust Cone. mg./m.3 ___________
Too little to weigl-
Breathing zone while work ing the formulation cn the 2-roll mill.
Too little to measure.
Sample taken in bench hood over the container where the dry -mixture -was being stirred.
This .sample was.taken only to determine the relative propor tions of the dust constituents in air.
CaCO^ - Main Constituent
Asbestos - 20-30$
Si02
<5$
Cd 0.02$
'The res in/osed : toT-thertile Normals t Ion. Involved, ln^the work described "in7 Tabled Haas -res in 2716, ' consist Ing of the .polymer made from 15$ vinylidene .chloride* '85$ vinyl chloride. Analysis of Sample 14 was by x-ray diffraction and emission spectrograph; the organic materials ar not "seen" by this method.
397475
Biochemical Research Laboratory T2.1-1-65 Page 10
ST0030606
The dust'concentrations shown In Table I nay be compared with the appropriate Industrial Hygiene Standards, listed in Table II. Industrial Hygiene. Standards are concentrations which may be inhaled as much as 8.hours per day,.5 days per week.indefinitely without ill effect.
Table II
Industrial Hygiene Standards
Material
Standard
Asbestos
5.0 mppcf
Silica (quartz) Cadmium
5.0 mppcf 0.10 mg./m^
Calcium Carbonate
15.0 mg./m^
Resin 2716
probably 15*0 mg./m^
An examination of Tables I and II readily shows that at no
time were the standards for asbestos or silica exceeded. Since
.the dust -counting, microscope determines the number, not the weight
of part ides * inthe^air- some-assumptions aust.be made before the
cadmium^exposTtre can-he-evaluated: (l) assume that "the dust
encountered near-the Banbury mixer, 2-roll mill .and caUtender
had the same partible-size distribution as the dost of the dry
mixture (confirmed by dark-field microscopic examination);
(2) assume the dust particles were spherical with an average
diameter of 2.5Jl> (3) assume-the density of the particles
was approximately 2.0 g./cc.
397476
0030601
Biochemical Research laboratory T2.1-1-65 Page 11
Using these assumptions, the weight concentration of dust corresponding to the highest observed particle concentration (3.2 rappcf) would be 1.85" mg./m. . Then, assuming that the particles were 0.02#-cadmium, the air concentration of cadmium was about 0.0C04 mg./m.^, well below the 0.10 mg./nr Standard, especially considering that all cf the assumptions made were conservative.
Thermal decomposition products of the resin and plasticizers usetf could conceivably be the cause of trouble except that a great amount of experience at Dow and at other companies with these materials has shown that no adverse effects are to be expected even under.much worse, conditions than have been prevalent in 433 Building.
Remaining as a possibility is the dust and/or thermal decomposition
products from chlorinated polyethylene, a new material. A survey
will be. mads, when this, material is again used in vinyl-asbestos
tile fcnrmula.-tiaxasc.ln nrder to determine what materials are inhaled,
and in what concentrations. -Also, this' dust, .along with the dust
of other materials* is soon to Joe. Investigated, by the Toxicology
Laboratory to determine the degree of irritation caused by sub-
dermal injections. This investigation should help to decide
whether: or not
lung injury .could.have been caused
by the resins used in vinyl-asbestos tile formulations.
397477
60 90C00 IS
Biochemical Research laboratory T2.1-1-65 Page 12 The bench hood used 'In "the laboratory for dry mixing was evaluated by measuring air velocities at the face of the hood with an Anemotherm Air Meter. The attached "Hood Survey Data Sheet" is self explanatory regarding findings and j*eeoamendatlons.
397478
HOOD SUtVIY DATA
THTf ran thrift ^AtL 6
IMTttKM. limit
umNM.itffut
(Li______ ________________ ________
_________
Asaisrns.
pycx
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MTCj cBMtytsotvr#rs
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HOOD CONDITIONS AIMING T4IK SUtVIY
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actual r*a vcLoane
HOODFACZ AMAMWCUVCY exHAUST HAT* OUIMB **VfY
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397479
HOOD SUtVIY DATA
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397480
ST00306 I I
I am an aathor of and hove road this voaart eawnrisina 2
pages with________pages of drawings, photographs, graphs, wad
13
checked tho data horoin against tho original sntrias ondsr Biochomical
.LahenoSiry FlUHew^.r____T2.1-1-65
I finished typing this report on.
1-29-58
comprising
13 pages and placed therewith.
.pages of
drawings, photographs, graphs from J. E. Peterson
original draft given mo hy. on. 1-27-58
I have placed in the plant mail5copies of this report for
transmittal to piease refer to the Distribution list of this report.
Dote -3 - 6-3
iue-m rwTDMUJJL
397481
ST0030612
Biochemical Research Laboratory T2.1-1-65
Page 33
` WIT INDEX
Possible chemical exposures received by
of Coatings
Technical Service-while working with vinyl-asbestos tile formulations
are evaluated as possible causes of his lung injury. No evidence
leading to the determination of a causitive agent was found, but
plans were made for another survey to be performed when chlorinated
polyethylene is used as the resin in a tile formulation, and dust
of this material .will also be investigated further, by the Toxicology
Laboratory.
DISTRIBUTION
R. B. Erubel, Coatings Technical Service, 433 Building N. R. Peterson, Coatings Technical Service, 433 Building B, E. Gay, M.D., Medical Department, 607 Building V. L. Tisdale, Safety Department, 401 Building G. E.. Bolatead,.Compensation:Department, 256 Building W. Snodgrase, Maint. Service Admin., 49 Building <7/9/71)
-> ^ -J W-j.-' U-,.j
gck
397482
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE SAMPLE RECORD 397483
UMPIMC MfTMOO
t^mcmurm
tOTOMITM UTTWS
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE SAMPLE RECORD
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MMW.
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t/,c/rj
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VlimLATIONt
j........................ ............................. ........ -.......------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------
SAMPLE 4
A
DESCRIPTION
ff mm firl ( V\j
)
time
START
STOP
CONCENTRATION
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to r
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397484
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE SAMPLE RECORD
SiAiAfPUtiMnC *mctwT6Ao
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umTknr 3-o cfn
TOES------------------- VE-------------- 3*n
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time
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39 7485
tQ.\' MOL. *T.
UTI
(XPLANATION OP CALCULATIOMk
CALCUCATIOMS RECORD
MATRUL
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397486
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397487
ST0030G18 *i
2 7/4 -..it*
s3D_ .P__._p/7. .S'/frl 4m' L>c4i)J?Tr ,, PJu. 4- tf.5'3?-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ytijJ&&*c -&.* y . - --/>^r-- -----------------------------------------------&] sIa*** . _______ OL*i-
397488
COimMY
> ^ 3-SS ._ioia2a_
t.___J- S. Peterson - Blocham. Has. -r H. . slnn Analysis of Dust Saaple 60-2. X-Bav Diffraction. X-Bav nuorMranoa
and- 8pectroscopy.________________________''
ci.mii.
1219-26
SifM^
-----------
Dat.fUc`4
1-16-58
T-Eay Diffract loa Analysis:
Dt*
CiC03 -- chief. constituent
Asbestos (serpentine variety) -- 20-30%
Quartz
--
Trace (<5%)
There also appears to be a clay type
aterlal present.
Emission Spectroscopy and X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis:
Cd -- .01-.02%
ST0030619
-1-21--56 EWE: vsr 2
v ww m
397489
-Rage / of /
Indus-trial .Hygiene Chemical Exposure Data Entry .Log Field Survey TWA Exposure And Excursion Exposure Data
ST0030620
Report no. #-|-|-3*/fc7Q______
Bate D! 57
Building no. Z/33
index'no.
Units -of Data
* ftespanter -Worn?
Master no.
Job Classification
Job No.
Chemical Name
'r)J*>drx\ DR* 2.7f)l/?> DR#
(Qpt hr&fA 2.
336755
TWA/Exc.
Q /3.1
i
z zz
2
7
Z i
7
Z
TWA/Exc,
z/ zzzziz
z
7
7
Zzzz
z
397490