Document GKJjewEJd1YDp5rr0rMgLR4zq

ext W. W. Killer Fabrics A Finishes Dept. October 18, 1971 ROBRRT V. LAURRXLL FABRICS AMD F1M16HXS D1PARTWCKT 7010 TCRICITY OF HAD IM 1MTIRIOR FAIMT The enclosed information has been assembled in reply to your request to C. F. Reinhardt Cor toxicity information pertinent to the - possible lowering of the current IX limit Cor lead in interior paints. . There is evidence that relatively insoluble lead oxide has a lover oral toxicity than more soluble lead compounds such as lead acetate and lead nitrate. Haskell laboratory experiments indicate the Collovlng oral l^^Q<g for male ratsi -. ' ' ' . Compound ID,^ mg/kg as Tb Lead Mitrete 3130 Lead Acetate Trlhydrete 5023 Lead Oxide 23200 Haskell Report Humber 105-60 ...... 47-66 .. 104-66 - A study by Oeorg Tartler (1941) reports the smallest lethal single . . ; : dose oC a eeries oC lead compounds fed by mouth to guinea pigs. A . lethal dose of 500 mg/kg body veight was obtained Cor lead nitrate vhile the value obtained Cor red lead (lead oxide) was twice this . amount. (Letter from J. F. Morgan to F. D. Graham dated May 29, 1962), Mo information was found on the chronic toxicity ef lead oxide - or lead chromate however, Hazleton Laboratories have conducted a serlea of studies on orally administered lead acetate which Included two-year . " oral toxicity studies (rats, dogs, and monkeys), reproduction, teratology, carcinogenicity, behavioral, and metabolic studies. (Toxicity of Orally- Administered Lead, Frograa Sunmary, Hazleton Laboratory June 26, 1970)* . The conclusion of these studies Is that 10 ppm of lead in the diet was a "no-effect" level while minimal, equivocal effects were apparent in some animals at 50 ppm. ' . . -- n-:'n-sr-\ ' 'i ROBOT W. LmmL 2 October IS, 1971 On tbs beats of ths Basleton studios It Is possible to calculate the amount of paint which would bars to be oaten to constitute an equivalent dose of lead. Average Food Intake for tat 25 gm/day ' 10 ppm Fb in diet - .0025 ga Vb/day to effect level SO ppm Fb in diet .0125 go Fb/dey Minimal affect A rat could eat .25 gn/day of paint containing 11 lead and remain at tha no affect level while the ingestion of 1.25 gm/day would equal the ad.nlmal effect level. These values are based on data for rats and are considerably higher than values reported in tha iitaratura as safa for humans. tahoe, in tha (Urban Loctures I960, statas that a "safe dally intaka of load la <0.5 mg," .. - .. . ... lahaan has dona aosst calculations for tha amount of load paint child wight aat aafaly bassd on tahoo'a data for adult ingestion of lead. Be concludes that *^).3X laad or less could safely be labeled as nontoxic relative to lead" (Quart. Bull., A. Food A Drug Officials D.l. 20:36, 1956). In an artlels on exposure of children to lead (Pediatrics 18:943-57, 1956) Chisolm reported finding no ease of laad intoxication where tha only eource of lead contained leas than 11 of laad in the dried paint surface. He considered however, that the accumulation of many layers of paints containing as little as 11 ef lead could constitute a hasard to email children in tha future. I apoke to Dr. Chisolm by phone to determine If ho had wore recant information on this subject. It aaeas that his early work was based on a blood load level of 0.08 mg/100 gn as evidence of laad intoxication while now this value would be revised downward to about 0.06-0.08 mg/100 gm. Therefore, he thought that tha permissible Level of lead In interior paint should bo lower than 11. .. According to Tyler (J. Bov. Health 1:66, 1970) the limit of lead in interior paint was set at 11 In 1964 by the American Standards Associa tion bacause of the belief that lead ingested in lesse? amounts would be excreted and not stored by the body. , It le my understanding frow a discussion with V. V. Millar that Du Font<e interest In the question of lead lavel in interior paint a tamo from problems in quality control If tha limit is eat lower rather than \ ' from the intentional use of lead In the paint fornuiatlons. , . It would earn advisable to keep tha laad level in interior paints as lw as possible to Bd.nlmlse this source of lead exposure In children. Mo direct experimental data was found an the chronic oral toxicity of low DUP 0003 fcOUXI . LmilLL *J October IS, 1971 lrvola of tha last eolubla 1aod compounds likely to W found In paints. Therefore, If setting the load limit* in interior paint helcw II poses aarloua quality control problem it may be advisable to conduct noma chronic oral toxicity atudiaa on tha apacific compounds of Interest. NMtIHA MB LMTCHLII ph y s io l o g is t MMcLfjtd " Enclosures (J) - - y ;yr ,v ` ' v-v~ " ' : 1. Letter P. D. Graham from J. F. Morgan dated May 29, 1962 (Lead Poisoning). 2. Lehman, A. J. "Lead in Decorative Paint for Children*s Toys and Furniture." Quart. Bull., A. Food & Drug Officials U.S., 20:39, 1956. 3. Chisolm, J. J., Jr. "Exposure of Children to Lead." Pediatrics 18:943-957, 1956. < 'i *. .Vr*- ^ ' ;. .* \i*- - ?V.--r? :*-.*** as -f* , \ ' 7' -i .j; v- v 'i*- . 'f. .* .. V. -,L~'yy i *.- * r -r *.- : r#.- y Wir * fm ; DUP 000334