Document GK03x218xXX177z40y4rkNY9N

3M Report: Bioaccumulation Studies A R 2X -0351 j.w. GUiett >1. Report No. 1 (5/17177) "Bioconcentration o f FM3422 in Bluegill Sunfish and in Channel Catfish" and Progress Report No. 2 (10/14/77) *Fate o f Fluorochemicals" A modified (from what?) exposure (?) technique was used to estimate BCF to bluegill and channel catfish (whole body) and particular tissues following exposure to a supersaturated solution (suspension) of FM 3422 (N-Et FOSE alcohol). Experimental detail are lacking in many areas for which there are text statements and conclusions. Even for its time this set of experiments was only marginally useful, at best. Problems include the following: a. The character and source of the FM 3422 is never stated, particularly with regard to purity, similarly, the assay technique is undocumented as to precision and sensitivity for the purposes to which it was applied. b. The material taken up and bioaccumulated was never identified as the nominal toxicant to which the fish were exposed, as far as readers are concerned. Could it be a metabolite and/or bound residue? a Geo. Chapman and Chuck Warren at Oregon State Univ. had demonstrated the utility of saturated glass bead delivery in a flow-through system in the early 1970's. In the course of those experiments they were able to demonstrate the presence of a very much more highly toxic component of tech, dieldrin which was not the nominal compound (HEOD). Their method was to saturate the glass beads with tech, dieldrin by remoyil of acetone solvent in the flash evaporator, then place the beads in a large column over glass wool and a portion of clean beads. The water-jacketed column was brought to experimental temperature and portions of the water stream assayed for dieldrin (as HEOD) by extraction and GC/EC. A compound with lower EC response than HEOD for its toxicity (or much more toxic for its EC response) came off the column during the equilibration phase (1-2 weeks), but was not detectable by 3-4 weeks when the HEOD concentration was stabilized (it remained constant for ca. 10 weeks). Use of the Brungs-Mount diluter with this saturated solution produced consistent results if the diluter apparatus was equilibrated with the test solution. The point is that the column can generate suspensions and solutions of changing composition and toxicity, as well as concentration. The static system employed in these papers cannot equilibrate in the same sense as does a flow-through system. d. The authors used the "air-off" concentrations as that for the BCF calculation, although they clearly had a problem with values of EM 3422 15-300% (!?) higher with "air-on." The latter was probably the "well aerated" water to which test fish were posed. This underlines the tensive problem supersaturation creates. e. It is likely that the values reported have little to do with bioaccumulation or even uptake per se, at least as exposited within the reports. Whole body residues might include entrapped material (colloidal particles in the gills); tissue residues depend upon not only correct dissection, but also protection from surficial contamination. f. The number of fish constituting a sample, the number of fish per tank, the size (length, weight) of each fish, and whether measured fish were live or among the dead removed all are alluded to but never detailed by the authors. Nevertheless, they proceed to note that larger fish accumulate more FM 3422 than smaller fish and that some (3) of the controls died. Heavier fish might have a higher percentage of fat than younger, leaner fish. It would be useful to know if the test subjects had about the normal lipid content g. It is not clear why fish were dipped for 2 min, then analyzed. The perim ent is without much meaning with respect to protection, toxicity analysis, etc. I know of no database including such a measurement for comparison with other toxicants. h. The cited value for K * appears in error, it may involve mis-measurement 006234 3M REPORT: BIOACCUMUIATION STUDIES March 8, 1993 i. Some of the tissues show no increase in BCF between 1 and 4 weeks; others (gills and gut) increase dram atically. The data in tissues do not support the assumption that a true equilibrium is reached between the fish and its environment or within the fish between tissues. 006235 nflV1IVAVAd031S3fl/ Y-lAtt(i Q l\ "/Oh f?.bOO PROJECT NO,,--LL J. Subject: KiOCCCUptt\A.\<\+tOK 0 ^ BESTCOPY AVAILABLE ( j n cc a / v v ^ :- 3M TECHNICAL NOTEBOOK NO. 4 1 9 4 7 4 7 1 in CM*A>4V (W /i^ te : l I l ^ H L 2*P1A"G' I Object: Reference WW**" ' lJu/ T h qnTTA^S$ acs ++ 5 * c k e m i ec c<&&HH**,,UU bUjj--ee/r-e j*et** fo0$5*d -{f<e9r/ ^ C d c u u ^ 4 o O c W flT o f aJ0l.T*4T j * ^ * 1 tfn fc c * U**} f / if* F M ' 3 f 7 2 M O O m * /4<-^fLv^ ^PYct-iLt 10 r v s a v t U s ,V l ( , | r a . c "Tft-* -fr*)A O 'f-i^ Y 4& H-VV Z 'ld a tj ' P O iu Jr* w & r-e d / l ^ e d * 4 k th 15 m ^ & r i A * L , 4. k5jcj. 477^ 0 - f 4 r ^ ( ' io 4 ) o u ^ - e x * e J * J u h f t * ? 5 * < *2 0 ^ A 'O H 4 */- T { j C , 4 * r I Inf. 'T A ^ ~Hyr44 & > .c y * tj- { ^ C O v u p L iS UJ-Ct *^ ' ^ `f P d U r k c ( 4q S t $ Q j * l <?*>{** c t u /rd L >0 *! V " t l & ^ o J ' P C > . 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